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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regeneration of transgenic tamarillo plants (1993)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 12 (1993), S. 347-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Agrobacterium-mediated transformation ; Cyphomandra betacea ; pKIWI110 ; Regeneration ; Tamarillo
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Media were developed to regenerate shoots from leaf pieces of tamarillo (Cyphomandra betacea (Cav.) Sendtner). Shoots were derived via organogenesis and could be easily rooted and transferred to the growth chamber. Transgenic tamarillo plants were produced using the binary vector pKIWI110 in the avirulent Agrobacterium strain LBA4404. All transgenic plants were kanamycin resistant and some plants expressed the β D-glucuronidase (gusA) reporter gene and were chlorsulfuron resistant. Molecular evidence for transformation was obtained using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and Southern hybridization. Inheritance of the transgenic phenotypes was demonstrated in seedling progeny.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237433
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of pollination-induced genes from the ovary of apple (Malus domestica) (1998)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 11 (1998), S. 277-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Key words Chitinase ; Defence ; Differential hybridization ; Fruit development ; Gibberellin ; Histone H2B
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A set of fifteen cDNA clones from apple (Malus domestica Borkh) corresponding to fruit genes induced or enhanced by pollination have been identified by differential hybridization. Expression of corresponding mRNAs was induced in apple flowers by pollination, and in six clones mRNA levels also showed induction by gibberellin treatment of flowers. Sequence analysis and database searches showed that these cDNAs correspond to genes involved in defence responses, transport, protein and flavonoid synthesis, as well as cell division. One of the pollination-enhanced cDNAs was found to be similar to plant and animal genes encoding histone H2B. This mRNA was very highly expressed in flower buds and in fruit at early stages of development, but transcript levels were relatively low in young leaves and shoot tips. RNA in situ hybridization showed histone H2B mRNA detectable at high levels in the nucellus tissue of ovules in unopened flower buds. Five days after pollination, transcript levels decreased in the nucellus; however, weak signals were observed in the fleshy cortex tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004970050154
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polygalacturonase gene expression in kiwifruit: relationship to fruit softening and ethylene production (2000)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 42 (2000), S. 317-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Actinidia chinensis ; fruit ; kiwifruit ; polygalacturonase ; ripening
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In kiwifruit, much of the softening process occurs prior to the respiratory climacteric and production of ethylene. This fruit therefore represents an excellent model system for dissecting the process of softening in the absence of endogenous ethylene production. We have characterized the expression of three polygalacturonase (PG) cDNA clones (CkPGA, B and C) isolated from fruit of Actinidia chinensis. Expression of CkPGA and B was detected by northern analysis only in fruit producing endogenous ethylene, and by RT-PCR in other tissues including flower buds, petals at anthesis, and senescent petals. CkPGA promoter fragments of 1296, 860 and 467 bp fused to the β-glucuronidase (uidA) reporter gene directed fruit-specific gene expression during the climacteric in transgenic tomato. CkPGC gene expression was observed in softening fruit, and reached maximum levels (50-fold higher than for CkPGA and B) as fruit passed through the climacteric. However, expression of this gene was also readily detected during fruit development and in fruit harvested prior to the onset of softening. Using RT-PCR, expression of CkPGC was also detected at low levels in root tips and in senescent petals. These results suggest that PG expression is required not only during periods of cell wall degeneration, but also during periods of cell wall turnover and expansion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006309529922
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MDH1: an apple homeobox gene belonging to the BEL1 family (2000)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 42 (2000), S. 623-633 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: cell morphology ; homeobox ; Malus domestica ; fertility ; fruit development ; ovule
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Differential display was used to isolate genes differentially expressed early in fruit development of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.). This approach resulted in the isolation of MDH1, a homeobox gene with a homeodomain similar to that of BELL1 (BEL1), which is involved in regulation of ovule development in Arabidopsis. However, outside the homeodomain MDH1 is quite different from BEL1. In apple, MDH1 mRNA was predominantly found in flowers, expanding leaves and expanding fruit. In pre-anthesis flowers, in situ hybridization showed that MDH1 mRNA accumulated in ovules. To further investigate the function of this new homeobox gene, MDH1 was transformed into Arabidopsis thaliana under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. The transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed dwarfing, reduced fertility and changes in carpel and fruit (silique) shape. The size and shape of the cells in the transgenic fruit was irregular. Both the transgenic phenotypes in Arabidopsis and the expression pattern of this gene in apple are consistent with the idea that MDH1 is likely to play an important role in control of plant fertility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006301224125
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Apple ACC-oxidase and polygalacturonase: ripening-specific gene expression and promoter analysis in transgenic tomato (1998)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 38 (1998), S. 449-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: ACC-oxidase ; apple ; fruit ripening ; polygalacturonase ; promoter ; tomato
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Levels of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) oxidase and polygalacturonase (PG) mRNAs were characterized during ripening of Royal Gala, Braeburn and Granny Smith apples. Both ACC-oxidase and PG mRNAs were up-regulated in ripening fruit of all three cultivars. Expression in Royal Gala was detected earlier than in Braeburn and Granny Smith, relative to internal ethylene concentration. Genomic clones corresponding to the ACC-oxidase and PG mRNAs expressed in ripe apple fruit were isolated and ca. 2 kb of each promoter was sequenced. The start point of transcription in each gene was mapped by primer extension, and sequences homologous to elements in other ethylene-responsive or PG promoters were identified. The fruit specificity of the apple ACC-oxidase and PG promoters was investigated in transgenic tomato plants using a nested set of promoter fragments fused to the β-glucuronidase (gusA) reporter gene. For the ACC-oxidase gene, 450 bp of 5′ promoter sequence was sufficient to drive GUS expression, although this expression was not specific to ripening fruit. Larger fragments of 1966 and 1159 bp showed both fruit and ripening specificity. For the PG gene, promoter fragments of 1460 and 532 bp conferred ripening-specific expression in transgenic tomato fruit. However GUS expression was down-regulated by 2356 bp of promoter, suggesting the presence of a negative regulatory element between positions -1460 and -2356.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006065926397
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterisation of microsatellites from Actinidia chinensis (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 2 (1996), S. 117-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: Actinidia ; dinucleotide repeats ; genetic markers ; kiwifruit ; simple sequence repeats polyploidy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract We have identified a set of informative microsatellite markers for genome analysis in kiwifruit and related Actinidia species. A small-insert genomic library was constructed from Actinidia chinensis DNA, and screened for microsatellites. About 1.2% of the total colonies hybridised to a (GA)8 probe, 0.4% to (GT)8, and 0.1% to a mixture of three different trinucleotide repeat probes, (CAA)5, (GAA)5 and (CTA)5. From the DNA sequences of 35 hybridising clones, 18 primer pairs were designed, and used to amplify genomic DNA from 38 individual plants, representing 30 different accessions of ten Actinidia species. The banding patterns for most of the dinucleotide repeats showed a high degree of polymorphism in the diploid and tetraploid A. chinensis, and in the hexaploid A. deliciosa (kiwifruit). Heterozygosity levels of up to 100% were found among eight diploid accessions of A. chinensis examined, and the number of different-sized bands among all the species varied from 3 to 36 for each microsatellite. One simple CT microsatellite gave 21 bands with sizes suggesting that the number of repeats ranged from 9 to 37. The highest number of bands (36) and the largest size variation (〉100 bp) were observed with a complex microsatellite harbouring four different repeat motifs. The majority of primer pairs amplified bands from most of the ten Actinidia species tested. The most polymorphic primer pairs were used successfully to fingerprint a range of closely related varieties of kiwifruit (A. deliciosa).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00441427
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterisation of microsatellites from Actinidia chinensis (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 3 (1997), S. 159-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009656631297
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The allopolyploid origin of kiwifruit,Actinidia deliciosa (Actinidiaceae) (1997)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 205 (1997), S. 111-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Ericales ; Actinidiaceae ; Actinidia ; A. deliciosa ; A. chinensis ; A. chrysantha ; A. arguta ; Kiwifruit ; allopolyploid ; phylogeny ; polygalacturonase (PG)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The genetic origin of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa var.deliciosa) was studied using phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences derived from the polygalacturonase gene. Results indicate that hexaploid kiwifruit had an allopolyploid origin with the diploidA. chinensis contributing one genome (genome A) and another (as yet unidentified) diploid species contributing a second genome (genome B). The results leave open the question of whether a third, distinct species contributed to the hexaploid kiwifruit genome. A tetraploid race ofA. chinensis is also suggested to be allopolyploid containing genomes A and B.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00982801
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