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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (350)
  • 1965-1969  (350)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (318)
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (350)
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Year
  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 431-433 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 5-Deutero-1-methylpyrazole was synthesised and used to assign multiplets in the PMR spectrum of 1-methylpyrazole.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 102
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The substituent effect on proton resonances and vicinal H, H-coupling constants in benzene derivatives is studied using linear regression analysis. The change in shielding observed on substitution, relative to the proton resonance in benzene, Δσ, can be expressed as \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \Delta\sigma = - 1.04 \times 10^{- 12} {\rm E}_{\rm Z} - 1.08 \times 10^{- 18} {\rm E}^{\rm 2} + 9.17\Delta \rho + 0.18. $$\end{document}. This equation enables calculations of substituent effects on the basis of the dipolar and quadratic field effect (Ez, E2) and the π-charge density changes on the neighbouring C-atom (Δρ).The vicinal coupling constants show no correlation with the HMO-π-bond order. A linear regression using the well known dependence of the coupling constant on substituent electronegativity yields \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ ^3 {\rm J = 7}{\rm .63 + 0}{\rm .508}\Delta \alpha - 0.096\Delta \beta $$\end{document} where ΔEα and ΔEβ are the changes in electronegativity caused by substitution in α- or β-position, respectively, to the HCCH-fragment considered.
    Notes: Der Einfluß von Substituenten auf die Protonenresonanzen und die vicinalen H, H-Kopplungskonstanten in Benzolderivaten wird mit Hilfe linearer Ausgleichsrechnungen untersucht. Für die relativ zur Protonenresonanz des Benzols auftretende Abschirmungsänderung Δσ bei der Substitution wird die Beziehung \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \Delta\sigma = - 1.04 \times 10^{- 12} {\rm E}_{\rm Z} - 1,08 \times 10^{- 18} {\rm E}^{\rm 2} + 9,17\Delta \rho + 0,18. $$\end{document} angegeben, die eine Berechnung der Substituenten-Effektes mit Hilfe des dipolaren und quadratischen Feldeffektes (Ez, E2) und der π-Ladungsdichte-Änderung am benachbarten C-Atom (Δρ) erlaubt.Die vicinalen Kopplungskonstanten lassen sich mit der HMO-π-Bindungsordnung nicht korrelieren. Eine Ausgleichsrechnung unter Benutzung der bekannten Abhängigkeit der Kopplung von der Substituenten-Elektronegativität liefert \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ ^3 {\rm J = 7}{\rm .63 + 0}{\rm .508}\Delta \alpha - 0.096\Delta \beta $$\end{document} wobei ΔEα und ΔEβ die durch Substitution bedingte Änderung der Elektronegativität in α- bzw. β-Stellung zum betrachteten HCCH-Fragment bedeuten.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 103
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The confromations of the unsaturated seven membered ring in 4,4,6,6-tetradeuterium-1,2-benzocycloheptene-(1) (1) and five benzocycloheptene derivatives were determined by NMR spectroscopy. For all investigated compounds at -80°C only one conformer was present in detectable quantity. By analysis of the NMR data - molecular symmetry, coupling constants and chemical shift - it can be shown that the conformation is always the chair form. The free conformational enthalpy of both the other conformations with boat or twist form of the ring is for all six compounds more than 1.8 kcal/mole.The experimental results agree with those from model calculations: thus for benzocycloheptene, the 5,5-dimethyl derivative (2) and the 4,4,6,6-tetramethyl derivative (4) the lowest energy was found for the chair conformation; the second most stable conformations were found to be the boat for 1 and 4, and the twist form for 2.
    Notes: Für 4.4.6.6-Tetradeuterium-1.2-benzocyclohepten-(1) (1) und fünf Benzocyclo-heptenderivate wurde PR-specktroskopisch die Konformation des ungesättigten Siebenringes bestimmt. Bei allen untersuchten Verbindungen liegt bei -80° nur ein Konformeres in nachweisbarer Menge vor. Durch Auswertung PR-spektroskopisch bestimmter Daten - Molekel-Symmetrie, Kopplungskonstanten, chemische Verschiebungen - kann gezeigt werden, daß dieses Konformere Sesselform hat. Die freie Konformationsenthalpie der beiden anderen Konformeren mit Wannen- bzw. Twist-Form des Siebenringes beträgt bei allen sechs Verbindungen mehr als 1,8 kcal/Mol.Mit den experimentellen Ergebnissen stimmen diejenigen von Modellrechnungen überein: Für die Molekeln des Benzocycloheptens sowie des 5.5-Dimethylderivates (2) und der 4.4.6.6-Tetramethylverbindung (4) wurde für die Sesselkonformation der niedrigste Energieinhalt berechnet; als zweitstabilste Konformation wurde bei 1 und 4 die Wanne, bei 2 hingegen die Twist-Form ermittelt.
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  • 104
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 481-489 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Studies of line width and chemical shift vs. temperature for amide and hydroxyl proton magnetic resonance signals from: barbituric acid, dialuric acid, parabanic acid, alloxan and alloxan monohydrate dissolved in anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide-d6 are reported. The behavior of the amide signals shows that, between 20 and 65°C, none of the compounds listed exhibits lactim-lactam tautomerism. The amide proton resonance in uracil has also been investigated. The signal is a closely spaced, equal intensity, doublet due to the non-equivalence of H(1) and H(3). Again, no evidence of tautomerism is observed. Activation energies for the hydroxyl resonances in dialuric acid and alloxan monohydrate indicate hydrogen bonding between solute and solvent. The results of simple LCAO-MO calculations are in accord with the experimental conclusions concerning tautomeric equilibria.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 105
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969) 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 106
    Electronic Resource
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 175-194 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of ten dehydration and solvolysis products obtained from β-amyrin and glycyrrhetic acid were studied. With the exception of those resulting from ‘backbone’ rearrangement, they exhibited conventional fragmentation due to the ring C chromophore, like the parent alcohols. Only those products with a contracted ring A suffered loss of an isopropyl radical. In the latter type, special fragmentation features were exhibited by the isopropylcyclopentene and by the isopropylidene products. These differences enabled the assignment of probable structures for two unknown derivatives.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 107
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The C8H9+-ion, formed from the molecular ions of 2-phenyl-1-bromoethane, 1-phenyl-1-bromoethane and of 1-phenyl-1-nitroethane by loss of the bromine atom and of the nitro group, splits off a molecule of acetylene after an almost complete randomization of hydrogens, as proved by deuteration. An eight-membered ring structure for the C8H9+-ion is proposed to explain these results.By loss of the nitro group from the molecular ions of 1-phenyl-1-nitropropane and of 1-phenyl-2-nitropropane the well-known phenylated cyclopropane ion3 (C9H11)+ is generated. Mass spectra of analogues, specifically deuterated in the side-chain, show that in this ion a randomization of hydrogen atoms in the cyclopropane ring as well as a hydride transfer from the cyclopropane ring to the phenyl cation occur.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
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  • 108
    Electronic Resource
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969) 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 109
    Electronic Resource
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 223-239 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In 2,6-di-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, two successive, site-specific hydrogen transfers are necessary to account for the loss of carbon atoms 1, 2, 3 and 4, together with one hydrogen from C-8. The deuterated methyl geranate required for this study was readily converted to pseudo-ionone, in which a similar fission was shown to occur. Previous predictions about the β-ionone mass spectrum2 have been shown to be substantially correct, and its similarity to the mass spectra of benzylidence acetones is pointed out.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 110
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 213-221 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of two series of aliphatic polynitro compounds are reported and discussed. The fragmentation patterns of aliphatic nitro and polynitro compounds are similar in that no appreciable molecular ion current is observed; however, there are several other features in the fragmentation of aliphatic polynitro compounds which differ from that of nitroalkane spectra. Both series of compounds studied-C(NO2)x(CH3)4-x, where x = 4 to 0 and C2(NO2)x(CH3)6-x, where x = 6,4,2-show a decrease in the number and intensity of alkylions with an increase in the NO+ and NO2+ ion current as x increases. The main ions resulting from the more nitrated compounds are [NO]+, [NO2]+, [CO2]+. and [CH3CO]+, whose noncharged counterparts are the principal species produced in the detonation of these compounds. This similarity of the products of the two processes suggests the use of mass spectroscopy for the investigation of the initial explosive processes. The principal fragmentation pathways of the polynitroalkanes have been elucidated by exact mass measurements and the observation of metastable ion transitions.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 111
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 257-260 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 112
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 283-298 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: When a fragmentation takes place in mass spectrometry, the positive charge remains on the fragement with the lowest ionization potential. This criterion, which has been indicated previously for the alkane series is shown to be generally true.
    Notes: Lors d'une rupture en spectrométrie de masse, la charge positive demeure préférentiellement sur le fragment de potentiel d'ionisation le plus bas. Ce critère, qui fut mis en évidence sur les alcanes, a été généralisé à divers types de fragmentations.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
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  • 113
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 299-308 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electron-impact-induced ionization and fragmentation of six C6H10 structural isomers have been studied in order to determine the effect of isomerism upon their mass spectrometric behavior. The 70 eV mass spectra, metastable transitions and appearance potentials of the principal ions are reported. Significant differences between the mass spectra of the six isomers were observed; however, metastable transition and appearance potential data indicate that the fragmentation path-ways are the same for all the C6H10 molecules. Experimentally determined ionization potentials for the structural isomers are presented and compared to ionization potentials calculated by the bond orbital method. Utilizing fragmentation pathways deduced from general features in the mass spectra and from observed metastable transitions, we calculated heats of formation (ΔHf) for the observed principal ions and compared these values to ΔHf values for isomeric ions from other molecules.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 114
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 929-931 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Electron-impact induced rearrangements of a series of agriculturally important carbamates and N-acyl carbamates are described. High resolution and metastable evidence supporting this is presented.
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  • 115
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 947-952 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The trifluoroacetyl derivatives of alditols are convenient compounds for mass spectrometric investigation as they are easily obtainable and highly volatile. They show simple fragmentation patterns with intensive peaks in the high mass range. Trifluoroacetates of alditols may be used for detection and location of deoxy groups in the molecule.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 116
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 1049-1060 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The composition of solid saturated hydrocarbons from slack-wax after reaction with urea has been investigated by electron-attachment (EA) mass spectrography with negative ions. From the spectra of the samples the content of paraffin hydrocarbons, monocyclic, dicyclic and other polycyclic naphthenes was calculated. The presence of n-paraffins up to C46, isoparaffins and cycloalkanes up to C52 has been confirmed. In the paraffin series the concentration of normal paraffin hydrocarbons containing one and two 13C atoms was determined. On the basis of the results obtained the constitution of the samples and the possible structures of the hydrocarbons were discussed. The results obtained have shown that the solid hydrocarbons which react with urea not only consist of one- or two-ring systems, but also of systems with up to five and six rings.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 117
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 37-47 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectral fragmentations of 3-indazolone (I), 1-acetyl-3-acetoxyindazol (II), 1,2-diacetyl-3-indazolone (III), 1-methyl-3-indazolone (IV), 2-methyl-3-indazolone (V), 2-methyl-3-indazolone-N-d-1 (VI), 3-methoxy-indazole (VII), 1-ethyl-3-indazolone (VIII), 1-carbethoxy-3-indazolone (IX), 1-carbethoxy-2-methyl-3-indazolone (X), 2′-carboxyethyl-3-indazolone (XI), 1-oxo-2,3-dihydropyrazolo-(1,2-α)-3-indazolone (XII) and 1-ethyl-3-indazolone-N-d-2 (XIII) are reported. The loss of an ·N2R radical from the parent radical ion in indazolone and the alkyl indazolones occurs more readily than the loss of a formyl radical, and no loss of HCN is observed from the parent radical ion. Mass spectral data can be used to distinguish between N-methyl and O-methyl derivatives of 3-indazolone.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 118
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 81-103 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of exo-2-norbornyl chloride, 1- and 2-methyl exo-2-norbornyl, exo-camphenilyl, apoisobornyl, bornyl and isobornyl chloride, and camphene hydrochloride, α- and β-fenchyl chloride and fenchene hydrochloride, and exo-isofenchyl chloride and 2,5,5-trimethyl exo-2-norbornylchloride, and camphene and α-fenchene have been examined at 12 to 16 and 80° eV and at 30 to 49 and 80°, or higher temperatures. Wagner-Meerwein rearrangements occur very readily in the ion source and compounds related by these rearrangements give very similar fragmentation patterns. Thermal decompositions are important with the tertiary chlorides especially at higher source temperatures. The rates of methanolysis of some of these chlorides were measured.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 119
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 63-79 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of several fluoroalkyl, fluoroalkenyl and fluoroacyl complexes of manganese, rhenium, iron and ruthenium carbonyls are described. After loss of carbonyl groups, fluoroalkyl compounds eliminate an olefin, with formation of metal halide species. A trifluorovinyl complex shows a novel elimination of a carbon atom to give an ion postulated to be a difluorocarbene-metal fluoride; the occurrence of difluorocarbene-metal ions in the spectra of some related complexes is also discussed. The spectra of the acyl complexes show little evidence of elimination of the acyl carbonyl group; the major process is fission of the CO—Rf bond with loss of a fluoroalkyl radical and formation of the cationic metal carbonyl, e.g. π-C5H5M(CO)3+ (M = Fe or Ru). The relevance of thermal or photochemical model reactions to processes occurring in the mass spectrometer is discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 120
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 49-61 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Changes in the mass spectra with inlet temperature were used in this work to demonstrate the dependence of keto-enol tautomerism of acetylacetone, 3-methyl acetylacetone and 3-allyl acetylacetone on temperature.The largest dependence of temperature were shown by the ion [M — 42]+. arising from a McLafferty type rearrangement and by the ion [M — Me]+ resulting from simple α-cleavage. The ion [M — 42]+. peak increases with the temperature of the inlet system while the ion [M — Me]+ peak decreases. By assuming that the ion [M — 42]+. represents the keto form and that the ion [M — Me]+ represents the cis-enol form (stabilized by the hydrogen bond) one sees that the direction of the intensity variation of these peaks with temperature is in accord with the expected change of keto-enol tautomerism with temperature. A quantitative correlation on the basis of the above assumptions is also approached.Recording of the mass spectra of these three β-diketones at different energies of the incident electrons enables us to estimate whether or not the particular ions present in the mass spectra result from energetically favourable processes.The variation of the intensities of the peaks with the temperature of the inlet at different electron energies is also discussed.
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  • 121
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 105-119 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: α-Trifluoracetamino carbon ions are important fragments in the mass spectra of N-Trifluoracetyl α-amino acids and their derivatives. They fragment by eliminating neutral molecules. This breakdown is mainly influenced by the structure of their substituents. Several of these ions show some remarkable skeletal rearrangements.
    Notes: α-Trifluoracetaminocarbonium-Ionen treten als charakteristische Bruchstücke in den massenspektren von N-Trifluoracetyl-α-aminosäuren und deren Derivaten auf. Sie zerfallen unter Eliminierung stabiler Neutralmolekeln, wobei in erster LInie die Struktur ihres Substituenten entscheidenden Einfluß ausübt. Im Zuge dieser Fragmentierungen kommt es bei einer Reihe von Ionen zu bemerkenswerten Strukturumlagerungen.
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  • 122
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 135-135 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 123
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 137-156 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 124
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 195-207 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of several compounds obtained during the process of Stork's isoxazole synthesis9 as well as the related isoxazoles have been investigated. The fragmentations of simple alkyl isoxazoles are nicely formulated via azirine intermediates. A striking difference between the spectra of isoxazoles and those of methylfurans as to the relative abundance of [M  -  l] peaks is noteworthy. The very low abundance of these peaks in the former reflects the unique character of isoxazole nucleus due to the preferential cleavage of N—O linkage rather than a benzylic C—H bond rupture. If an alkyl substituent is present at 4-position in 3,5-dimethylisoxazoles, strong peaks at m/e 110, 68 and 43 are common in their spectra. The analyses of metastable transitions and high resolution measurements have demonstrated that the formation of these ions can be interpreted by a mechanism involving the cleavage of N—O linkage.
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  • 125
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 209-212 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of deuterated species shows that both the isomeric ions [CH2=SH]+ and [CH3—S]+ are formed in the ratio 2:1 from CH3SH; the ions [CH3CH=SH]+ and [CH3CH2S]+ in the ratio 0·8:1 from CH3CH2SH; and [CH2=OH]+ and [CH3—O]+ in the ratio 6·7:1 from methanol.The heats of formation of [CH3S]+ and [C2H5S]+ are of the order of 222 and 203 Kcal.mole-1 respectively. The isomeric ions cannot be distinguished on thermodynamic grounds.
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  • 126
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 241-248 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mass-spectral and n.m.r. analysis of thiophenes labeled by exchange with deuteriosulfuric acid establishes that exchange at the 2 and 5 positions is essentially complete before any deuterium is incorporated at positions 3 and 4. Thus, such exchange is a satisfactory procedure for position-specific labeling. Mass spectra of the labeled thiophenes show that about 60% of the [CHS]+ ion yield is derived from molecular ions that have not undergone prior rearrangement. The remaining 40% arises by a path or paths in which the four hydrogen atoms lose position identity. Other decomposition paths contributing to the mass spectrum are characterized by more nearly complete scrambling of hydrogens.
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  • 127
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 249-252 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 128
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 253-256 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 129
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 273-281 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An analysis of the mass spectra of ortho, meta and para isomers of monoalkylanisoles and monoalkylphenols, the alkyls being n-amyl, n-octyl and n-undecyl, has been performed. The regularities found allow determination of the structure of such compounds by inspection of the mass spectrum only. It was shown that Hammett's equation may be used for evaluating a ration of intensities of peaks originating formally from the simple β-cleavage and that accompanied by hydrogen migration of the resulting fragment ions.
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  • 130
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 309-315 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of the non-benzenoid aromatic heterocycles 2H- and 2-methyl-2H-cyclopenta[d]pyridazine and several deuterated analogs have been analyzed. The majority of the nitrogen lost from these heterocycles occurs as HCN OR H2CN. The deuterium labeling suggests a rearrangement of the molecular ion prior to fragmentation.
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  • 131
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 325-330 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The formation of the styryl ion \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm PhCH = }\mathop {\rm C}\limits^{\rm + } {\rm H} $\end{document} in the mass spectra of some cinnamic compounds is shown to occur via the intermediate formation of the cinnamoyl ion \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm Ph} - {\rm CH} = {\rm CH} - {\rm C} \equiv \mathop {\rm O}\limits^{\rm + } $\end{document} rather than by direct cleavage of the bond α to the double bond.
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  • 132
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of allphatic ketones are drastically altered following substitution of a trifluoromethyl entity adjacent to the carbonyl group (II and III) or attachment to the γ-carbon atom (V). Loss of the trifluoromethyl group by α-cleavage far exceeds the alternative elimination of an alkyl radical. Virtually complete repression of the McLafferty rearrangement process (I → a) occurs when a CF3 group is attached to the γ-carbon atom. A fluorine atom is not transferred in lieu of hydrogen in the McLafferty rearrangement as demonstrated by the mass spectrum of 1,1,1,7,7,7-hexafluoroheptan-4-one (IV). Rationalization for these results are presented as is a description of the syntheses of several hitherto unknown fluorinated ketones.
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  • 133
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 355-365 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mass spectra of five benzotriazinone derivatives are reported and the fragmentation mechanisms are discussed. That the first loss of 28 mass units is a nitrogen molecule appears to be characteristic of the molecules.
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  • 134
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 387-399 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The positive-ion mass spectra of the following organonitrogen derivatives of metal carbonyls are discussed: (i) The compounds NC5H4CH2Fe(CO)2C5H5, NC5H4CH2COMo(CO)2C5H5, NC5H4CH2W(CO)3C5H5, NC5H4CH2COMn(CO)4, C5H10NCH2CH2Fe(CO)2C5H5, (CH3)2NCH2CH2COFeCOC5H5 and (CH3)2NCH2CH2COMn(CO)4 obtained from metal carbonyl anions and haloalkylamines, (ii) The isocyanate derivative C5H5Mo(CO)3CH2NCO; (iii) The arylazomolybdenum derivatives RN2Mo(CO)2C5H5 (R = phenyl, p-tolyl, or p-anisyl); (iv) The compound (C6H5N)2COFe2(CO)6 obtained from Fe3(CO)12 and phenyl isocyanate; (v) The N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine complex (CH3)2NCH2CH2N(CH3)2W(CO)4. Further examples of eliminations of hydrogen, CO, and C2H2 fragments were noted. In addition evidence for the following more unusual processes was obtained: (i) Elimination of HCN fragments from the ions [NC5H4CH2MC5H5]+ to give the ions [(C5H5)2M]+ (M = Fe, Mo and W); (ii) Conversion of C5H5Mo(CO)3CH2NCO to C5H5Mo(CO)2CH2NCO within the mass spectrometer; (iii) Elimination of N2 from [RN2MoC5H5]+ to give [RMoC5H5]+; (iv) Novel eliminations of HNCO, FeNCO, and C6H5NC fragments in the mass spectrum of (C6H5N)2COFe2(CO)6; (v) Facile dehydrogenation of the N,N,N′,-N′-tetramethylethylenediamine ligand in the complex (CH3)2NCH2CH2N(CH3)2W(CO)4.
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  • 135
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of the following compounds have been investigated: (i) The organotin derivatives (CH3)3SnMo(CO)3C5H5 and (CH3)3SnNCW(CO)5; (ii) The mercury derivatives Hg[Mn(CO)5]2, Hg[Co(CO)4]2, Hg[Mo(CO)3C5H5]2 and ClHgMo(CO)3C5H5; (iii) The polynuclear cyclopentadienyl metal derivatives [C5H5Ru(CO)2]2, [C5H5Cr(CO)3]2, [C5H5Cr(NO)2]2 and [C5H5Fe-CO]4; (iv) The trinuclear cobalt carbonyl derivatives YCCo3(CO)9 (Y = Cl and CH3); (v) The binuclear triene-iron carbonyl derivatives C4H4Fe2(CO)6 and C8H10Fe2(CO)6. The mass spectra of the trimethyltin derivatives exhibited stepwise loss of methyl groups as well as of carbonyl groups. The mass spectra of the mercury derivatives exhibited the facile loss of mercury. The mass spectrum of [C5H5Cr(CO)3]2 indicated a very weak chromium-chromium bond since it exhibited no ion containing two chromium atoms. The mass spectrum of the nitrosyl derivative [C5H5Cr(NO)2]2 exhibited the stepwise loss of its four nitrosyl groups. The mass spectrum of [C5H5FeCO]4 was rather complex and exhibited a variety of unusual processes including eliminations of neutral Fe and C5H5Fe fragments. Unusual ions observed in the mass spectrum of CH3CCo3(CO)9 include the bare polymetallic ions [Con]+ (n = 3 and 2). Many examples of the elimination of neutral CO, C2H2 and H2 fragments were noted in this work.
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  • 136
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 935-945 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An attempt has been made to correlate the fragmentation modes and structure of costunolide and some lactones derived from it, containing a ten-membered carbocyclic system. The possible origins for the major fragments have been determined, using high resolution mass spectrometry and deuterium labelling.
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  • 137
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 977-983 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of a series of 2-alkyl N-methyl pyrrolidines have been examined and fragments which may be pyrrole type structures are apparent. These ions are most prominent in the spectra of the long chain alkyl derivatives.
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  • 138
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 1017-1021 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of six β-ketoalkylidenephosphoranes have been examined. The spectra all exhibit an electron-impact induced migration of oxygen to phosphorus reminiscent of their thermal decomposition.
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  • 139
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 829-833 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The structure of the [M  -  1] ions of thioxanthene (I) and xanthene (II) is investigated by means of the 9,9-dideuteroderivatives (Ia and Ia). The formation of an [M  -  1]ion from Ia and IIa shows that beside a simple dissociation reaction a rearrangement to a tropylium ion is involved. A further rearrangements of this type occurs in the frgmentation of thioxanthene-S,S-dioxide (III).
    Notes: Die struktur der [M  -  1]-Ionen von Thioxanthen (I) und Xanthen (II) wird mit Hilfe der 9,9-Dideuteroderivate (Ia und IIa) untersucht. Das Auftreten eines [M  -  1]-Ions auch bei Ia und IIa zeigt, daß neben einer einfachen Abspaltungsreaktion eine Umlagerung zu einem Troppyliumkation beteilligt ist. Eine wietere derartige Umlagerungsreaktion tritt auch bei der Fragmentierung von Thioxanthen-S,S-dioxid (III) auf.
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  • 140
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 864-864 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 141
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 923-928 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 142
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969) 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 143
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The major fragmentation paths of the 1-(2-thienyl)alkylalkanones ionized by electron impact are delineated by means of isotopically labeled molecules, metastable ion peaks and low ionization voltage data. A prominent process is cleavage of the bond beta to the carbonyl group with the concurrent rearrangement of a hydrogen atom. Another important process is cleavage alpha to the carbonyl group to produce the thienoylium ion analogous to the benzoylium ion. As expected, the data show that increasing the chain length by two methylene groups increases the total ion current. The bulk of this increase is found in the increased ion current of the rearrangement ion with the remainder being associated with alkyl fragments and oxygenated ion species.
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  • 144
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 1023-1032 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Low resolution mass spectra of a series of alkylphenyl-1,3,2-oxazaborolidines are reported. The characteristic fragmentations are shown to be an aid to the elucidation of the substituents in the 1,3,2-oxazaborolidine ring by means of a ‘substituent shift’ technique.
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  • 145
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 1043-1048 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of aluminum isopropoxide show that polymers, [Al(OC3H7)3]x where x = 1 to 7, can be present in the vapor and are, therefore, probably present in the bulk sample. The polymeric composition of the vapor depends on the previous history of the sample. Exact mass measurements on many of the ions along with data on a number of metastable peaks support the proposed fragmentation mechanisms. Loss of 102 mass units between intense peaks in the mass range above 500 a.m.u. leads to the suggestion that the higher polymers may be used as high mass marking substances.
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  • 146
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 1135-1140 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The negative ion mass spectra of highly fluorinated molecules with varying functionality are discussed. Attempts to obtain negative molecular ions where no positive molecular ion was observed met with little success. An interesting structural correlation for fluorinated ethers was developed based upon the observation of the abundant perfluoro alkoxide anions, CF3O- and CF3(CF2)2O-, in the negative ion mass spectrum.
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  • 147
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 1179-1179 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 148
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 220 MHz 1H spectra of isoverbanone, nopinone and verbanone are reported.The spectra of the first two are completely assigned but that of verbanone only partially. The coupling constants obtained provide information about the conformation of these molecules. The isoverbanone molecule is almost Y shaped, but that of nopinone is between a Y shape and a half-chair conformation with the six membered ring bent away form the gem dimethyl groups. These conformations are consistent with the known steric interactions in these molecules.
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  • 149
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Notes: ΔH
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  • 150
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 151
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Activation energies Eα and free enthalpies of activation ΔG
    Notes: Mittels der Temperaturabhängigkeit der Protonenresonanzsignale wurden für 1.3-Dioxane, 1.3-Oxathiane und 1.3-Dithiane mit ein und zwei Paaren geminaler Methylsubstituenten Geschwindigkeitskonstante k, freie Aktivierungsenthalpie ΔG
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  • 152
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The non-equivalence of ethyl, benzyl and isopropyl groups fixed on nitrogen atoms in 2-and 3-pyrazolines, pyrazolidines and pyrazolidones depends on the assymetry existing in the molecule. The asymmetric centres are either a ring carbon atom, a quaternary nitrogen atom (protonation, quaternarization) or a tertiary nitrogen atom (slow nitrogen inversion). The nitrogen inversion process was observed only in the case of pyrazolidines (possibility of inversion at the two adjacent nitrogens) and of pyrazolidones (inversion of the ‘non-amidic’ nitrogen). The inversion is temperature-dependent and is affected by substituents.
    Notes: La non-équivalence de groupements éthyle, benzyle et isopropyle fixés sur les azotes de pyrazolines-2 et 3, de pyrazolidines et de pyrazolidones est fonction de l'asymétrie existant dans la molécule. Celle-ci peut provenir soit d'un carbone du cycle, soit de l'un des azotes rendu asymétrique par protonation, quaternarisation ou simplement par ralentissement de son inversion, Ce dernier phénomène n'a été observé que dans le cas des pyrazolidines (possibilité d'inversion de deux azotes adjacents) et des pyrazolidones (inversion de l'azote non amidique): il est fonction des substitutions et des variations de température.
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  • 153
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 279-280 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 154
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969) 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 155
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 295-303 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: High-precision line measurements and tickling were shown to yield information, often not accessible, on the assignment and signs of spin coupling constants. For pentafluorothiophenol-d, this information was obtained for the three meta-JFF's. Relative to C6F5SH, the 19F resonances in C6F5SD experienced an upfield ‘isotope’ shift.
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  • 156
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 281-293 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have examined the 19F NMR spectra of a number of oxygen-containing fluorocarbon products and obtained a comprehensive set of 19F chemical shift values, which enabled us to determine the influence of an oxygen atom bonded to a fluorocarbon group on the 19F chemical shift. The influence of neighbouring fluorocarbon groups, either directly connected or separated by an oxygen atom, was also considered.Our results may be summarized as follows. An oxygen atom bonded by a single bond (ether type bond) to a fluorine substituted carbon atom decreases the 19F chemical shift, as does the introduction of a further fluorine atom. Considering two adjacent fluorocarbon groups, a variation of x ppm in the 19F chemical shift of one of the two groups gives a variation of 0·12 x ppm in the opposite sense on the 19F chemical shift of the other group. If the two groups are connected by an ether oxygen atom, the effect is only about 0·06 x ppm.
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  • 157
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: NMR spectral parameters are reported for benzofurazan, 1,2,3- and 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole, and 1-methyl- and 2-methyl-benzotriazole. The coupling constants are discussed in connection with the aromaticity of these compounds and the occurrence of partial bond fixation.
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  • 158
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The two C-4 protons of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) produce an AB NMR spectrum at 100 MHz as well as at 220 MHz. This observation allows an upper limit of 50 sec-1 to be placed on the mean rate of interconversion of the two folded forms of NADH invoked to account for the magnetic non-equivalence of the C-4 protons. The interpretation of non-equivalence of the C-4 protons in terms of the various equilibria among folded and unfolded forms of NADH and its possible significance in the mechanism of action of dehydrogenase enzymes is discussed. It is suggested that one folded form of NADH is strongly favored thermodynamically over the other and that the resulting magnetic non-equivalence of the C-4 protons is of doubtful significance in explaining the stereospecificity of dehydrogenase enzymes toward the nicotinamide ring.
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  • 159
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 319-327 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The NMR spectra of fifteen para-substituted acetanilides, XC6H4·NH·CO·CH3 (X = NH·CO·Me; NH2; CO·OEt; COOH; Cl; OEt; F; H; OMe; CH3; NO2; C6H5; —N=N—C6H5; Me3Si), have been recorded. δCH3 and δNH are linearly related to Hammett's σp constant. The coupling J (o-H—H) between aromatic protons is mainly dependent on σR0. J(13C—H), in methyl group is approximatively constant in the series.
    Notes: Les spectres de RMN de quinze acétanilides para-substitués XC6H4·NH·CO·CH3 (X = NH·CO·ME; NH2; CO·OEt; COOH; Cl; OEt; F; H; OMe; CH3; NO2; C6H5;—N=N—C6H5; Me3Si) ont été étudiés. Il y a une relation linéaire entre δCH3 et δNH et les constantes σP de Hammett. Le couplage J(o-H—H) entre les protons aromatiques est relié plutôt à σR0. La constante J (13C—H) dans le groupe CH3, est indépendante de X.
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  • 160
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 341-342 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 329-335 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Proton magnetic resonance spectra of methylene dichloride solutions containing N-methyl morpholine and sulphur dioxide have been studied as a function of temperature. Complex formation reduces the rate of interchange of magnetic sites via inversion at nitrogen but increases the rate of ring inversion. The conformational preference of the complex is discussed. It is suggested that interaction with SO2 may be a useful general method of studying nitrogen inversion.
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  • 162
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 337-340 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The meso or threo configuration of diastereoisomeric molecules is elucidated on the basis of respective NMR spectra of either isomers. The symmetry relationship (according to Raban and Mislow) between protons or groups are not identical in each isomer, and the consequent differences in chemical shifts and spin-coupling constants permit assignment of configurations.
    Notes: La configuration meso ou thréo de molécules diastéréoisomères est déterminée à partir des spectres RMN respectifs xde chaque isomère. Les relations de symétrie (Raban et Mislow), qui existent entre protons ou groupes de ces molécules sont différentes par chaque diastéréoisomère d'un couple donné et ces différences se traduisent dans les déplacements chimiques et constantes de couplage mis en jeu. Des attributions de configuration sont ainsi rendues possibles.
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  • 163
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 344-344 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 164
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 344-344 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 165
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 343-344 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 166
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969) 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 167
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 345-349 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In order to determine the effect of a single methyl group on the chemical shifts of protons in a cyclohexane ring, methylcyclohexane-1,2,3,3,5,5,-d6 has been synthesized. The protons in the 4-position and the 2,6-equatorial protons are not significantly different from those in ring-frozen cyclohexane. The 2,6-axial protons, however, experience an up-field shift of about 15 Hz from the position of the other axial protons. These observations are discussed in terms of the structure of methylcyclohexane.
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  • 168
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 375-388 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fluorine nuclear magnetic resonance (F-NMR) has been used to determine dissociation constants for multipolar complexes formed by several p-substituted fluorobenzenes in CCl4 and cyclohexane at 25°. Data in CCl4 were also obtained at -20°. The results are interpreted in simplified terms as dipole-dipole interactions which lead to a complex of net zero dipole moment. Although the dissociation constants are not of high accuracy, the values obtained do indicate that both polarity and steric effects are important in the presumed multipolar complexes.
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  • 169
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  • 170
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 417-417 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 171
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 418-421 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 172
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 405-414 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A detailed study has been made on the 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of 5,6-dicarboxy-2-norbornene derivatives, whose chemical shifts and geminal, vicinal and long-range spin-spin coupling constants were determined. Each signal of the spectra of these derivatives shows a slight low-field shifts compared with norbornene itself. In the case of five methyl esters studied in this work, the signal of the 7s-proton remains at approximately the same position in all the compounds, but that of the 7a-proton is more variable. For the chemical shifts of the 7a-proton of the five methyl esters, an additive rule seems to hold: that the magnitude of the low-field shift, from the 7a-signal of norbornene itself, is obtained by adding each of the effects of the carboxyl and the carbomethoxy groups substituted at the endo-5-(or 6-) or the exo-5-(or 6-) positions of the norbornene ring. In most of the derivatives considered in this work, the spin-spin coupling constants, except those between bridgehead and bridged methylene protons, are about 1 to 2 Hz smaller than those of many other norbornene derivatives already studied. This fact seems to suggest that norbornenes, which have two bulky adjacent substituents at 5- and 6-positions, may suffer distortions in the norbornene ring.
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  • 173
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 422-424 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 174
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969) 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 175
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 425-430 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The NMR spectra of N-substituted 2,6-dimethylmorpholines after separation into cis- and trans-isomers by VPC have been investigated. The spectral parameters (chemical shift and coupling constants) are evaluated by a mathematical analysis. The spectra of the cis-compounds show some special features so far unexplainable. The difference of the chemical shift of the protons in 3-position of the cis-isomers depends strongly on the nature of the N-substituent.
    Notes: Die NMR-Spektren von am N substituirten 2.6-Dimethylmorpholinen warden nach gaschromatographischer Trennung der Stereoisomren aufgenommen. Die spektralen Parameter warden daraus durch eine mathematische Analyse erthakten. Auf bisher ungklärte Besonderheiten der Spektren der cis-Isomeren wird hingewiesen. Die Differenz der chemischen Verschiebung der 3-ständigen Protonen der cis-Isomeren erweist sich stark von dem N-Substituenten abhängig.
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  • 176
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 1 (1969), S. 467-470 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The NMR spectrum of phenylacetylene has been studied in the nematic phase of a mixture of 50% 4-methoxy benzylidene 4-amino-α-methyl cinnamic acid-n-propyl ester and 50% anisole-p-azophenyl-n-capronate at 30°C. Ratios of interproton distances have been derived.
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  • 177
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969) 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 178
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 367-373 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis of dunnione (II) from 2-hydroxynaphtha-1,4-quinone has been improved and used to prepare three deuteriated analogues. The mass spectra of these compounds and of the products of their reductive acetylation and deuterioacetylation have been measured and used to interpret the mass spectrum of atrovenetin.
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  • 179
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of thioglycollic acids and esters are reported and discussed. The spectra of compounds of the type X·CH(Y)·S·CH2·COOR(X 〉 Y) contain skeletal rearrangement fragments with the composition R·Y·C2H3SO+. Ions produced by simple cleavage processes may be usefully correlated with structure.
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  • 180
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 433-445 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of tetrazole, all isomers of monomethyl- and dimethyltetrazole, several trifluoromethyl substituted tetrazoles, as well as deuterated analogs, were recorded. Loss of N2 was the important fragmentation of the molecular ions of tetrazole and 2-methyl substituted tetrazoles; however, HN2 loss was more important for 1-methyl substituted tetrazoles. The 1-methyl-tetrazoles showed molecular ion peaks while the 2-methyltetrazoles exhibited an unprecedented [M + 1] peak with no molecular ion.
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  • 181
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 467-479 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mechanisms for the major fragmentations obtained with selected substituted uracils are discussed. Interpretation of data was facilitated by use of metastable peaks, high-resolution data, and low-voltage spectra.The major fragmentation obtained with N-alkyl substituted uracils, when the alkyl group contains 2 or more carbons, is due to cleavage of the alkyl substituent. This cleavage is accompanied by a rearrangement of 1 or 2 hydrogens from the alkyl group to the uracil ring. Possible mechanisms for the rearrangements are discussed. It was found that the molecular ion of 1- and 3-alkyl substituted uracils (where the alkyl group has 2 or more carbons) does not undergo the expected ‘retro Diels-Alder Reaction’. Instead, the odd-electron ion formed by loss of the alkyl substituent with a single hydrogen rearrangement undergoes this reaction (loses HNCO). Since it is formed as a secondary reaction product, the relative abundance of the ‘retro Diels-Alder’ fragment is low compared to what is obtained in the spectra of the simple uracils.The ‘retro Diels-Alder Reaction’ can be used to differentiate between 2- and 4-thiouracils, and between 1- and 3-methyl and phenyl substituted uracils. It was found that 1- and 3-alkyl substituted uracils (alkyl group of 2 or more carbons) can be differentiated by the mass of the M-alkyl fragment since the 3-substituted compounds give predominantly a double hydrogen rearrangement and the 1-substituted compound gives mainly a single hydrogen rearrangement. In addition the intensity of the molecular ion, relative to the M-alkyl ion, is considerably stronger in the 1-substituted uracils.
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  • 182
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 547-548 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Deuterium labelling has been utilised to elucidate the mechanism by which a molecule of water is eliminated from a heterocyclic nitro compound under electron-impact.
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  • 183
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969) 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 184
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 591-601 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of maleic acid, maleic acid-2,3-d, fumaric acid and fumaric acid-2,3-d have been examined and fragmentation mechanisms are proposed for these compounds. The molecular ion of the cis-acid fragments via H atom transfer from one carboxyl group to the other followed by loss of CO2. The trans acid does not fragment significantly by this route and the former effect may be characteristic of molecules containing two carboxyl groups cis-oriented to each other. This hypothesis was successfully tested by examining the mass spectra of citraconic, itaconic and phthalic acids. Itaconic and mesaconic acids show some of the fragmentation characteristics of fumaric acid.
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  • 185
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  • 186
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 781-790 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: While heterolysis of oxonium ions generated upon electron-impact in the mass spectrometer is a well documented phenomenon in the fragmentation of aliphatic ethers, little analogy exists for structurally comparable immonium ions. Exceptions are ions of the latter class in which dissociation is facilitated by the presence of proper substituents in position allowing satabilization of daughter ions. Two main types of subtitution were explored providing(1) resonance stabilization of the product ions by aryl substituents in benzylic,heterolysis,and (2) aryl neighboring group participation in homobenzylic heterolysis, possibly yielding phenonium ions (or isometric ions via further rearrangement) as stable products in the gas phase. In the discussion emphasis will be placed on Case 2.
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  • 187
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 809-818 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of a series of aliphatic acyclic α,β-unsturated aldehydes, ketones and ester have been examined. The spectra do not show evidence for McLafferty rearrangements, alkoxyl migration or for fragmentations which are dependent upon the s-trans or s-cis conformations of the compounds. There is some evidence for cis-trans isomerism about the double bond.
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  • 188
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 337-345 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The cracking patterns of twenty five toluene-p-sulphonamides have been studied. In certain cases an abundant [M — SO2] ion is detected: the structural features associated with this phenomenon are discussed.
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  • 189
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The dependence of the cleavage of some cis/trans-isomers in the terpenoid and steroid series on the energy of the ionizing electrons have been studied.
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  • 190
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 375-386 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The distribution of doubly charged ions found in the mass spectra of various N, N′-alkyl substituted phenylenediamines is compared to that of their singly charged counterparts. Structural and electronic requirements for the resonance stabilization of doubly charged organic ions are suggested and it is shown that doubly charged ions could be used to differentiate between certain structural isomers which give practically identical singly charged ions. The doubly charged ions were distinguished from singly charged ions of the same integral m/e value by high resolution techniques.
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969) 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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  • 192
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 1265-1275 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of cinnoline and various alkyl derivatives, and their 1- and 2-mono-oxides and 1,2-dioxides and a quaternary salt have been investigated. The spectra are interpreted in the light of experiments with deutero and 15N labelled derivatives whose syntheses are described. The major fragmentation path for cinnoline is loss of nitrogen molecule while that for its homologues is loss of nitrogen plus a hydrogen atom in some instances. Various initial fragmentations occur with the N-oxides, and deoxygenation appears to be the dominant process; in both 4-methylcinnoline 1-oxide and 1,2-dioxide an important path is formation of a 3-methyl-anthranil cation by loss of HCN and HCNO respectively.
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 1341-1341 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 195
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The positive ion mass spectra of the transition metal organometallic halide derivatives C5H5M(CO)3Cl(M = Mo or W), C7H7W(CO)2I, C3H5Fe(CO)3I, [C3H5PdCl]2, and [C5H5Mo(NO)I2]2 have been investigated. Further examples of the elimination of CO and C2H2 fragments were noted. In addition the following effects of particular interest were observed:(i) Evidence in the mass spectra of the chlorides for reactions with adventitious iodine and even bromine present in the mass spectrometer; (ii) Evidence for conversion of the compounds C5H5Mo(CO)3X to the new halides [C5H5Mo(CO)X]2 upon pyrolysis; (iii) Evidence for facile losses of the π-allyl group, the iodine atom, and methyl iodide in the mass spectrum of the π-allyl derivative C3H5Fe(CO)3I; (iv) Evidence for loss of iodine upon introducing [C5H5Mo(NO)I2]2 into the mass spectrometer to give ions derived from [C5H5Mo(NO)I]2.
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  • 196
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  • 197
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using the principles of the quasi-equilibrium theory, substituent effects, deuterium labeling and comparison of compound behavior, we provide strong evidence for aryl participation in the expalsion of Br· from the molecular ion of β-phenylethyl bromide and eleven of its ringsubstitued derivatives. This reaction shows a kinetic behavior which is typical of rearrangements, its activation energy is lower than that of similar reactions where participation is partially or completely precluded and substitute effects are not only consistent with a particular process, but are also consistent with those predicted from solution chemistry.
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  • 198
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 801-807 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of four alkyl substituted 9,10-anthraquinones are presented and discussed together with evidence in favour of a new fragmentation pattern for these derivatives.
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 835-842 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effects of substituents on the fragmentation of N-aryl trifluoracetamides has been investigated. The base peak in all ring-monosubstituted derivatives is the molecular ion. Other important ions arise by loss of CF3 and COCF3 from the molecular ion, and the latter daughter ion fragments further, by loss of the aromatic substituent and by expulsion of small neutral molecules. The effects of substituents on the intensity of these ions is discussed. 1-Phenylethyl trifluoracetamide exhibits a base peak which is the molecular ion, wheras the corresponding 2-phenyl derivative has a molecular ion of very low intensity.
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969) 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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