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  • 1970-1974  (2,178)
  • 1890-1899
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (2,128)
  • pharmacokinetics
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Material
Years
Year
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of unlabelled and14C-labelled pindolol in uraemia (1974)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 7 (1974), S. 25-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Pindolol ; uraemia ; pharmacokinetics ; β-blockade
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The elimination of pindolol in 25 patients with various degrees of renal failure has been studied after an intravenous dose of 3 mg. A linear correlation was not found between the elimination rate of pindolol and the endogenous creatinine clearance, and the half-life of the unchanged drug was independent of the severity of the renal failure. This implies greater metabolism of pindolol in anuric patients and the extrarenal elimination rate constantk mwas increased. Three patients with severe renal failure were given 3 mg14C-pindolol. They showed almost constant plasma levels of radio-activity for 6 h and then slow excretion with a half-life of 48 h, because of accumulation of metabolites in the blood. Up to 90% of the metabolites are glucuronides and sulphates which have no beta-blocking or other clinical activity. Thus, to produce beta-adrenergic blockade the same dose of indolol is required in healthy patients as in those with uraemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00614386
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of effect of the appetite stimulant pizotifen (BC 105) on the absorption of isonicotinylhydrazine (1974)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 7 (1974), S. 59-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Pizotifen ; isonicotinylhydrazine ; orexigen ; tuberculosis ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pizotifen (BC 105) has an orexigenic effect in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. As these cases are often treated with isonicotinylhydrazine (INH), any effect of one of these drugs on the absorption of the other has been examined in a cross-over study in 8 healthy male volunteers. No difference was found between the absorption of INH given alone or together with pizotifen. It should be safe, therefore, to employ the combination of the orexigenic drug and INH in the treatment of tuberculosis as there will be no change in the concentration of therapeutic drug achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00614391
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical significance of generic inequivalence of three different pharmaceutical preparations of phenytoin (1974)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 7 (1974), S. 119-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Anticonvulsants ; phenytoin ; diphenylhydantoin ; bioavailability ; generic inequivalence ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The plasma levels of phenytoin (diphenylhydantoin, DPH) in epileptic patients were significantly higher after treatment with either of two preparations containing the sodium salt of DPH, than after treatment with the same dose of the free acid. This was confirmed in both short and long term studies, and in the latter increased plasma levels of DPH were accompanied by better control of generalized seizures. The degree of acute side-effects in 6 out of 10 patients whose treatment was changed from DPH-acid to DPH-sodium was proportional to the plasma level of DPH; the latter varied from 22.8 to 34.9 µg/ml in affected patients. After a single oral dose in healthy volunteers, the sodium salt of DPH showed much better bioavailability than the free acid. The differences in bioavailability in patients and volunteers probably depended on differences in particle size in the preparations of the sodium salt of DPH and its free acid. The excipient, lactose or starch, did not seem to affect the bioavailability of the two formulations of sodium-DPH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00561325
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of mestranol in man in relation to its oestrogenic activity (1974)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 7 (1974), S. 295-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Mestranol ; ethynyloestradiol ; contraceptive compounds ; demethylation ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The oestrogenic activity of mestranol depends on its demethylation to ethynyloestradiol. The reaction has been studied in man. The compound disappeared exponentially from plasma during the first 4 h after i.v. injection of [4-14C-] mestranol. The “metabolic clearance” for this phase amounted to 31.8 1/day per kg body weight. Methoxy-3H-labelled mestranol was prepared for the further studies, because if it is demethylated, the tritium would be transferred to HTO, which would equilibrate immediately with body water. The appearance in body water of tritium from [methoxy-3H-] mestranol could be described by two exponential functions, which corresponded to bi-phasic disappearance of the original compound from plasma. The rate constant of the first stage was: γ1=0.835 h−1, and of the second: γ2=0.034 h−1. HTO radioactivity was eliminated from the body by exchange of water. From the data obtained, a three-compartment model was constructed of the transfer of tritium from [methoxy-3H-] mestranolinto body water, which permitted computer simulation of the partial processes. The compartmental analysis suggested that mestranol differed from ethynyloestradiol mainly in the delayed and protracted manner in which hormonally active oestrogen entered the circulation. The proportion of [methoxy-3H-] mestranol demethylated to ethynyloestradiol (demethylation ratio) varied little, 53.7±5.0% (x±SD; n=6), and was consistent with clinical observations that mestranol is half as potent an oestrogen as ethynyloestradiol. Thus, the dose of mestranol required to produce a given effect has to be twice as large as that of ethynyloestradiol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00560348
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum concentration and half-life of rifampicin after simultaneous oral administration of aminosalicylic acid or isoniazid (1974)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 7 (1974), S. 217-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Rifampicin ; p-aminosalicylic acid ; drug interaction ; isoniazid ; pharmacokinetics ; antituberculous therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Single oral doses of rifampicin (10 mg/kg body weight), p-aminosalicylic acid (0.2 g/kg), isoniazid (10 mg/kg), or rifampicin and either p-aminosalicylic acid or isoniazid, were given to 69 tuberculous patients with normal renal and hepatic function. Ten-fold interindividual differences were observed in the peak serum concentrations and half-lives of rifampicin; its half-life was reduced from 4.3 h after the first dose to 3.1 h after the third dose, possibly due to self-induction of its own metabolism. No effect on its serum concentration or half-life, nor on those of isoniazid, were found after simultaneous oral administration of the two drugs. After treatment with rifampicin and p-aminosalicylic acid, the peak serum level of the former was delayed from 2 to 4 h, it was reduced from 8.0 to 3.8 µg/ml, and the mean area under the serum concentration curve throughout the entire 8 h study period was also lowered by about half. Individual patients did not attain therapeutically effective peak serum concentrations of rifampicin if also treated withp-aminosalicylic acid. The interaction observed between the two drugs is probably due to impaired gastrointestinal absorption of rifampicin, either by alteration of its physico-chemical properties or by a decrease in the gastric emptying rate combined with more rapid intestinal transit. The combination of these two drugs is unsuitable for the routine chemotherapy of tuberculosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00560384
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of practolol in renal failure (1974)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 7 (1974), S. 249-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Practolol ; renal failure ; uraemia ; beta-blockade ; pharmacokinetics ; man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of renal failure on the excretion of oral doses of practolol has been studied. The plasma half-life increased up to 6.6 times normal and the cumulative urinary excretion of the drug was reduced. There was a linear correlation between the overall elimination rate constant of practolol and inulin and creatinine clearances. A linear correlation was also found between the renal clearances of practolol and inulin. The dose of practolol required for maintenance therapy should be reduced in patients with impaired renal function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00560339
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of pindolol in man (1974)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 7 (1974), S. 17-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Pindolol ; beta-blockade ; pharmacokinetics ; man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The kinetics of absorption, distribution and excretion of pindolol have been investigated in 17 volunteers after an oral dose or intravenous infusion of 5 mg. The calculated absorption was 92%. The time course of the plasma levels appeared to follow first order kinetics with an apparent half life of 3.6 (oral) and 3.1 (i.v.) hours. The cumulative urinary excretion att=∞ was 36.1% and 39.2% of the dose administered, respectively, indicating extensive metabolism of the drug. The distribution volume was 136 l. Peak plasma levels were found 80 min after oral administration and they showed up to 4-fold variation after identical doses. Renal clearance was 216 ml×min−1 and total clearance was 483 ml×min−1. In plasma 57% of pindolol was bound to protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00614385
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of diphenylhydantoin in uraemic patients: Consequences of decreased plasma protein binding (1974)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 7 (1974), S. 31-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Diphenylhydantoin ; uraemia ; protein binding ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Diphenylhydantoin (2 mg/kg) was infused intravenously in four uraemic patients and four healthy volunteers and its plasma concentration measured during and after the infusion. The plasma concentrations were considerably lower in the uraemic subjects and the apparent volume of distribution was higher. These observations could be explained by the lower plasma protein binding of diphenylhydantoin in the uraemics. The overall elimination rate constant β was greater (shorter half-life) in the uraemic patients. This difference could not be explained by reduced plasma protein binding, but it might be due to induction of diphenylhydantoin metabolism in the uraemic state. it is concluded that monitoring of the plasma levels of drugs in uraemic patients should be combined with determination of the extent to which the compounds are bound to plasma proteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00614387
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rifampicin in plasma and pleural fluid after single oral doses (1974)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 7 (1974), S. 51-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Rifampicin ; plasma level ; pleural fluid concentration ; microbiological assay ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Single oral doses of rifampicin (RMP) were given to 31 patients with pleural effusions of various aetiologies. The concentrations of RMP and its active metabolites in pleural fluid and plasma were determined by an agar diffusion method using paper discs as diffusion centres. The plasma concentrations reached a peak within 3 h and then declined monoexponentially; in pleural fluid, RMP concentration rose slowly to reach a plateau that lasted for several hours. There were marked differences between subjects in the observed concentrations of RMP. During the first 12 h the plasma levels exceeded those in pleural fluid, but after 24 h the concentration of RMP in pleural fluid was higher than in plasma. If multiple oral doses of RMP 10 mg/kg b. w. are given every 24 h, as is common in the treatment of tuberculosis, therapeutic concentrations may be expected in pleural fluid for the major part of each day.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00614390
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of tranexamic acid after intravenous administration to normal volunteers (1974)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 7 (1974), S. 375-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Tranexamic acid ; pharmacokinetics ; man ; antifibrinolytic agents ; renal clearance ; two-compartment model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of tranexamic acid has been investigated in two healthy volunteers. The behaviour of the drug can be described in terms of a two compartment open model; the disposition (biological) half-life was 2.7 h and 1.9 h, respectively. In five normal volunteers the mean total recovery in urine 48 h after dosing was 94.8%. The renal clearance in the two subjects, adjusted to 1.73 m2 body surface area, was 135 and 132 ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively, indicating that tranexamic acid is eliminated by glomerular filtration and that neither tubular excretion nor absorption takes place.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00558210
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic assessment of the reproducibility of phenazone plasma half-life in young healthy volunteers (1974)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 7 (1974), S. 381-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Phenazone ; pharmacokinetics ; plasma half-life ; gas chromatographic analysis ; intra-individual variability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Intra-individual variability in the plasma half-life of phenazone has been studied in 16 healthy, young volunteers. Phenazone was analysed by a simple gas chromatographic method, which is specific in relation to known metabolites; 4′-methylphenazone was employed as the internal standard. Phenazone was given on two occasions, two or three months apart, in oral doses of 10 mg/kg. The plasma half-life determined from five time points was 10.9±1.5 h and 11.2±1.3 h respectively, on the two occasions. The mean intra-individual variability (0.86 h) was close to the methodological error of 4%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00558211
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short term effects and urinary excretion of the new diuretic, indapamide, in normal subjects (1974)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 7 (1974), S. 407-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Diuretic ; indapamide ; human pharmacology ; toxicology ; pharmacokinetics ; TLC assay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacology, toxicology and kinetics of a new diuretic indapamide, have been studied in six normal volunteers following a single oral dose of 40 mg. Pronounced diuresis was found, commencing three hours after ingestion, with a peak urinary flow at four to six hours, and continuing for a total of thirty-six hours. A fall in systolic standing blood pressure occurred twenty four hours after ingestion, coincident with the period of maximum dehydration. Free water clearance rose, accompanied by increased urinary losses of Na+, K+ and Cl− and alkalinisation of the urine comparable to the actions of benzothiadiazines. Total urinary losses of Ca2+, Mg2+ and PO 4 3− rose in spite of a fall in urinary concentrations of these ions. The Ca2+ effect compares with the acute ionic effects of other diuretics. No renal, hepatic or haematological toxic effect was demonstrated. The blood sugar level was not disturbed. Serum uric acid rose to abnormal levels although the change did not reach statistical significance. — A thin layer chromatographic method, with a sensitivity limit of 0.1 µg/ml., has been developed for the assay of indapamide in urine. The urinary excretion rates of the volunteers measured over forty-eight hours indicate that the drug is rapidly absorbed with a peak excretion, 2.9±1.3 µg/min occurring three hours after ingestion. The drug is eliminated bi-phasically with an initial short rapid elimination followed by a slower exponential decline with a mean elimination half-life of 10.3 ± 3.9 h. The mean urinary excretion of unchanged indapamide over forty-eight hours was 4.4±1.4% of the administered dose. — It is concluded that indapamide is an effective long-acting diuretic with comparable action to the benzothiadiazine diuretics, but without an effect on blood sugar level in single doses in normal subjects. In contrast with other diuretics, indapamide appears to be extensively metabolised in man, and its longer duration of action to be related to a longer elimination half-life.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00560352
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Butylbiguanide concentration in plasma, liver, and intestine after intravenous and oral administration to man (1974)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 7 (1974), S. 433-448 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Oral antidiabetic drug ; butylbiguanide ; pharmacokinetics ; two-compartment open model ; plasma concentration ; liver concentration ; intestine concentration ; man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 50 mg14C-Butylbiguanide was administered intravenously to 4 diabetic patients and 100 mg14C-butylbiguanide orally to 5 further diabetics. The concentrations of the drug in plasma, intestinal fluid, intestinal epithelium and liver tissue were determined and the renal excretion of the biguanide measured. Irregularities in the plasma concentration curve were observed which appeared as systematic deviations from the ideal curve of a biexponential function. Because these deviations occurred only in the middle phase of the plasma concentration curve, it was nevertheless possible to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters of butylbiguanide by use of a two-compartment open model. The principal pharmacokinetic parameters were determined according to this model after intravenous dosing and the following mean values were obtained:t 1/2 (β)=4.6 h (β=0.15 h−1),C P 0 =0.85µg/ml,V D =218 l,V T =157 l,V P =62 l,k 12=0.69 h−1,k 21=0.44 h−1,k el =0.54 h−1. Within 48 h after administration, an average of 72.4% of the intravenous and 74.4% of the oral dose had been excreted in the urine. Total clearance (Cl tot) averaged 536 ml/min and renal clearance (Cl ren) 393 ml/min. High concentrations of butylbiguanide were observed in the intestinal fluid (100–700 mg/ml) 20–40 min after oral administration. It was found that the drug accumulates in intestinal fluid, intestinal epithelium and liver tissue, and that it is secreted into the intestinal lumen. The concentrations of butylbiguanide in intestinal and liver tissue were 10–46 times higher than in plasma. The secretion of biguanide into the intestinal lumen may occur via the bile or the intestinal mucosa, but there is no evidence of significant biliary excretion of butylbiguanide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00560356
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of the hepatobiliary transport of bromphenol blue as a model of organic anionic compounds (1974)
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 2 (1974), S. 495-509 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: hepatobiliary transport ; rat ; bromphenol blue ; pharmacokinetics ; roles of liver cytoplasmic Y- and Z-binding proteins and T binder
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A new pharmacokinetic model is proposed to explain the hepatobiliary transport of a nonmetabolized sulfonic acid dye, bromphenol blue, which is actively transported from the bloodstream into bile. This model has the advantage of taking into account the roles of the liver cytoplasmic Y- and Z- binding proteins and T binder.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01070944
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacolinetics of methindione, a new anticonvulsant (1974)
    Springer
    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 78 (1974), S. 1150-1152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: methindione ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The pharmacokinetics of the new anticonvulsant, methindione, carbon-labeled in the carbonyl and N-methyl groups, was studied in experiments on rats. Methindione is quickly absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract and passes easily through tissue barriers. The highest concentration of methindione in the brain is observed 15–30 min after administration. The metabolism of methindione and its elimination from the tissues take place rapidly. In most tissues only 6–23% of its maximal concentration still remains after administration of the drug. Metabolites of methindione, labeled in the carbonyl group, are excreted mainly through the kidneys, but metabolites labeled in the N-methyl group are excreted chiefly through the lungs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00804622
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pharmacokinetics of 5-fluorouracil-2-C14 (1974)
    Springer
    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 78 (1974), S. 1379-1381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: fluorouracil ; pharmacokinetics ; radiometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The dynamics of the concentration of radioactivity in the blood serum, organs, and urine was investigated after intravenous injection of 5-fluorouracil-2-C14 into rats. The preparation is rapidly absorbed from the blood into the tissues in which it accumulates rapidly in high concentrations and it is excreted quickly from the body. The half-elimination period of 5-fluorouracil in the blood is 15 min. It is excreted chiefly by extrarenal routes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00808710
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass spectrometry of synthetic oligopeptides N, O-permethylated, N-acetylated derivativesAbbreviation: DMF = dimethylformamide. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 175-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mass spectra of a series of stable isotope derivatives aided a structure elucidation study of an amino acid amide (Tyr-NH2) and the following family of synthetic oligopeptides: Gly-Tyr-NH2, Gly-Gly-Tyr-NH2, Gln-Gly-Gly-Tyr-NH2, Gln-Gln-Gly-Gly-Tyr-NH2, Ala-Gln-Gln-Gly-Gly-Tyr-NH2, Ser-Ala-Gln-Gln-Gly-Gly-Tyr-NH2 and Lys-Ser-Ala-Gln-Gln-Gly-Gly-Tyr-NH2. This series of peptides was synthesized by classical methods. N,O-permethylated, N-acetylated derivatives were synthesized to provide sufficient volatility for mass spectrometry. Various combinations of stable isotope derivatives (CH3CO + CH3, CD3CO + CH3, CH3CO + CD3, CD3CO + CD3) confirmed proposed fragmentation pathways and corroborated hypothetical ion structures. This family of oligopeptides corresponds to the C-terminus of scotophobin.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010307
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phospholipids in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 195-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry has been used to identify the phosphate diester backbones of two classes of phospholipids previously unrecognized in washings from human lungs. Washings were analyzed from two patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and also from two pairs of normal lungs washed postmortem. α-Glycerophosphorylglycerol and α-glycerophosphorylinositol were identified in all four cases following hydrolysis of the fatty acid esters and treatment with trimethylsilylating reagent.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010310
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letter to the editors (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 207-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010313
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of O-substituted oxime-trimethylsilyl ester derivatives of some metabolically-important oxocarboxylic acidsAbbreviations: BO-TMS, EO-TMS and MO-TMS are respectively the benzyl, ethyl and methyl O-substituted oximes; BSA = N, O-(trimethylsilyl)acetamide. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 199-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of the methyl-, ethyl- and benzyl-oxime trimethylsilyl ester derivatives of sixteen oxocarboxylic acids are reported. They are discussed both in terms of their fragmentation and their utility for use in studies of inborn errors of metabolism. Several applications where these derivatives have proved of value are presented.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010311
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organic contaminants in the District of Columbia water supply (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 209-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Thirty-two organic contaminants have been identified in District of Columbia drinking water. These contaminants include aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorocarbons, bromine-containing compounds, alcohols and ketones. The concentration of each constituent identified was less than one part per million. The organic contaminants were extracted from the water samples with a 1:1 mixture of carbon disulfide (CS2) and methylene chloride (CH2Cl2). Each constituent was identified by its gas chromatographic retention time and by its mass spectrum.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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    Characterization of dipeptides by electron impact and chemical ionization mass spectrometryAbbreviation : ACA = acetylacetone. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 212-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The components of mixtures of dipeptides can be identified from the electron ionization and chemical ionization mass spectra of their N-acetylacetonyl methyl ester derivatives without prior separation. The pyrolytic conversion of peptide trimethylanilinium salts to their methyl esters in the direct insertion probe of a mass spectrometer was found to be most suitable for the derivatization of dipeptides in mixtures.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010403
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  • 23
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    News and events (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. xiii 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010314
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  • 24
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    Masthead (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010401
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  • 25
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    Evaluation of bilirubin derivatives for mass spectral analysis (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 219-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Twelve derivatives of bilirubin were evaluated from the point of view of providing intense molecular ion peaks on electron impact and unambiguous molecular weights. The tetrakis-(trimethylsilyl) derivative of bilirubin was judged to be the most suitable because its molecular ion carries 22% of the total ion current and is the base peak in the spectrum. Molecular ions were found to carry 10% of the total ion current in the spectrum of the trimethylsilylated methyl ester of the phenylazo derivative of bilirubin. Fragmentation patterns of these two compounds were studied using deuterium labeling.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010404
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    The use of Edman degradation in peptide mixture analysis by mass spectrometryA preliminary report including some of the data presented in this paper has been given at the 6th International Mass Spectrometry Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, September 1973. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 231-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mass spectrometric analysis of peptide mixtures may lead to ambiguous results when it is possible to change from one peptide chain to another during the interpretation of the spectra. This kind of ambiguity can be eliminated by submission of part of the sample to one cycle of Edman degradation, followed by comparison of the results obtained for this preparation with those obtained for the nondegraded sample. Combination of this procedure with the use of deuterated derivatives has allowed an unambiguous interpretation for two mixtures of synthetic peptides.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010406
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  • 27
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    Field desorption mass spectrometry of ten medicinal carbamates (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 256-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The field desorption mass spectra of ten medicinal carbamates - meprobamate, mebutamate, carisoprodol, emylcamate, bethanechol chloride, styramate, hydroxyphenamate, mephenesin carbamate, methocarbamol and chlorphenesin carbamate - were run and compared with their published electron impact spectra. Of the ten compounds run only emylcamate did not give a field desorption mass spectrum. All others gave abundant molecular ions, with the exception of bethanechol chloride which has a quarternary ammonium group and gave a field desorption spectrum characteristic of compounds possessing such a functional group. No general characteristic fragmentation was attributed to the carbamate function in the field desorption mode. However, the ease of obtaining abundant molecular ions or quasimolecular ions makes the field desorption method a valuable complementary technique to electron impact studies of carbamates.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010409
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  • 28
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    The determination of sequence information in homologously related proteins by mass spectrometry (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 269-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An azurin, a small respiratory copper protein from the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens biotype G, has been studied by mass spectrometry to determine sequence information. The study of homologously related proteins by mass spectiometry is particularly attractive, since the correct nature of major parts of the deduced sequences can be confirmed by comparison with the sequences of the protein from related organisms. An oxidized tryptohan residue has been identified amongst the products from a cyanogen bromide digest of this wild type azurin. In the same digest, a product is also found to arise from cleavage of the peptide chain at the C-terminal side of the same tryptophan residue. These results are rationalized.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010411
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  • 29
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    The mass spectral fragmentation of partially ethylated alditol acetates, a derivative used in determining the glycosly linkage composition of polysaccharidesSupported in part by AEC Contract No. AT(11-1)-1426.Abbreviations: PEGS = poly-(ethylene glycol succinate); PEGA = poly-(ethylene glycol adipate). (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 263-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectral data for the primary fragmentation of partially ethylated alditol acetates have been tabulated in order to allow easy reference for the identification of these polysaccharide derivatives. Sodium borodeuteride is used in all the aldose to alditol reductions, since the presence of a single deuterium label on C-1 greatly increases the information available in the mass spectrum and allows some identifications to be made which would not otherwise be possible. The primary fragmentations of these derivatives are analogous to those of the partially methylated alditol acetates, with each fragment shifted to a higher m/e value by fourteen mass units for each ether linkage contained in the fragment. The secondary fragmentation is also very similar, being characterized by the loss of acetic acid or ketene, or, less frequently, by the loss of ethanol or acetaldehyde. Coupled with the chromatographic retention time data for the partially ethylated alditol acetates tabulated elsewhere, the unambiguous mass spectral identification makes this derivative an excellent choice as a complementary derivative to the partially methylated alditol acetates for polysaccharide analysis. The utility of the partially ethylated alditol as a routine analytical derivative is further enhanced by the almost identical procedures required for synthesis of the ethyl and methyl derivatives. Through the combined use of these derivatives, most of the possible linkage isomers of the seven common aldoses of plant cell wall polysaccharides can be resolved, identified and quantitated.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010410
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    Characterization of cytosine nucleosides by mass spectrometry (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 281-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of most nucleosides of cytosine exhibit molecular ions of low abundance, rearranged ions base + 2H in greater abundance than the companion species base + H, and a characteristic and abundant ion which corresponds to base + C2HO from the sugar. Deuterium, oxygen-18 and substituent labeling showed the presence of C-1′, 2′, H-2′ and O-4′ in the latter ion, which led to a proposed mechanism of formation involving opening of the sugar ring and recyclization between O2 and C-2′ with expulsion of water. Primary driving force for the reaction is due to resonance stabilization promoted by unshared electrons from N4, which results in diminished abundance in the case of imino isomers and derivatives which contain electron-withdrawing groups at N4, and enhanced abundance resulting from methylation at N4. Data for 24 nucleosides are presented and discussed in terms of the determination of nucleoside structure.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010413
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  • 31
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    News and events (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. ix 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010417
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    Metabolism of branched medium chain length fatty acid: I - ω-oxidation of sodium dipropylacetate in ratsAbbreviations: DPA = dipropylacetate; BSA = N,O-bis-(trimethylsil)acetamide; TMCS = trimethylchlorosilane. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 291-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The metabolism of sodium dipropylacetate (a newly developed anticonvulsant) was investigated in rats, and two metabolites were found in urine of rats which received dipropylacetate. The metabolites were identified as 2-n-propyl-5-hydroxypentanoic acid and 2-n-propylglutaric acid, respectively, by low and high resolution mass spectrometry. Synthetic 2-n-propylglutaric acid, when administered to rats, was not oxidized further and was excreted intact in urine. These data clearly show that ω-oxidation is involved in the metabolism of sodium dipropylacetate and that 2-n-propylglutaric acid, the end product of ω-oxidation, does not serve as a substrate for β-oxidation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010415
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  • 33
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    Mass fragmentographic studies of sulfur compounds: The thienylthiaalkanes (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 297-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fragmentation studies of the mass spectra of 24 high purity compounds of importance in a study of fossil fuels are described. The substances include eleven 1-(2-thienyl)-1-thia-, six1-(2-thienyl)-3-thia, and seven1-(2-thienyl)-4-thiaalkanes in the molecular weight range 158 to 270. Rearrangement peaks are prominent in all spectra and form the base peaks for the 1-thia- and 4-thia- compounds. The 3-thia- compounds are somewhat perverse in exhibiting weaker rearrangement peaks, and large ion intensities, including base peaks, at masses typical of alkyl fragments, alkenyl fragments, or ions more characteristic of the thiaalkanes (aliphatic sulfides). The major fragment ions are discussed and their use in differentiating subclasses is described. Low ionization voltage data is presented in support of suggested mechanisms of fragmentation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010502
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    Determination of phenformin in biological fluids using chemical ionization mass spectrometryAbbreviations used: P = phenformin; PD2 = α-dideuteriophenethyl biguanide. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 320-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method for the quantification of phenformin, an oral hypoglycemic biguanide, from biological fluids based upon gas chromatography and chemical ionization mass spectrometry, is reported. Phenformin is quantitatively cyclized to the 2-substituted-4-trifluoremethyl-2,6-diamino-1,3,5-S-triazine when acylated with trifluoroacetic anhydride. This cyclized product was measured with respect to the deuterium substituted phenformin. The plasma levels achieved following the administration of a therapeutic dose of phenformin to a diabetic subject are reported.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010505
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  • 35
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    Mass spectrometric identification of an N-oxide formed by incubation of N,N-dimethyl-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene-Δ5,γ-propylamine with rat liver microsomes (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 329-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: On incubation with rat liver microsomes, N,N-dimethyl-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene-Δ5,γ-propylamine is converted to the N-oxide. The identification of this metabolite has been achieved by the use of gas chromatography, mass spectrometry and thin-layer chromatography.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010507
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  • 36
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    Studies on the mass fragmentographic determination of plasma estriol (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 332-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Three mass fragmentatographic methods for the determination of unconjugated estriol in pregnancy plasma and unconjugated and conjugated estriol in plasma of nonpregnant women after estriol administration were developed and tested as to their reliability and practicability. The methods were found to fulfil appropriate reliability criteria especially with regard to specificity. Unconjugated estriol could be assayed without prior chromatography in late pregnancy plasma, but a chromatographic step was needed for plasmas with a low estriol titre, and both a methylation step and chromatography is needed to achieve the required specificity if plasma conjugated estriol is determined or if assays are carried out following estriol administration. Unconjugated estriol in normal late pregnancy plasma was found in concentrations from 4.3 to 9.3 μg/l. The highest value recorded, 16.3 μg/l, was found in a prediabetic subject with mild hypertension, who delivered a child weighing 4150 g by Cesarean section in the 39th week. Low values were found in severe hypertension and in toxemia, and in general the results from the pathological material investigated seemed to correlate well with the clinical findings. However, only a few samples (five to ten) can be processed so rapidly that the results can be obtained the same day, which in addition to the expensive and complicated instrumentation limits the usefulness of the methods in routine clinical chemistry.
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    Identification of an atypical constitutent of a clandestine opiate (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 350-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An unusual morphine analog was extracted and separated from an opium-like sample. The high resolution mass spectrum of the unknown substance confirmed the empirical formula as C17H18O2NCl. Mass spectra and retention factor values in thin-layer chromatography of both unknown and authentic standards were compared, which lead to the identification of the unknown as β-chloromorphide.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010511
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    Mass spectrometric studies of thyroxine and related compounds. Trimethylsilyl derivatives (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 374-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of the trimethylsilyl derivatives of thyroxine and sixteen related compounds are reported. In addition to deiodinated analogues and iodinated tyrosines, the latter include a series of thyroacetic and thyropropionic acids and one thyroformic acid compound. Their spectra are discussed in terms of their fragmentation and utility for qualitative and quantitative estimation by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010603
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    A quantitative method of sample loading for field desorption mass spectrometry (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 358-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A quantitative method for loading nanogram samples onto field desorption emitter wires is described. Sample consumption is reduced and problems with emitter wettability are overcome by freezing microliter droplets onto the emitters. Using this technique, good spectral data are obtained from 10 to 50 ng of material. Field desorption sensitivity measurements are reported for neomycin B, adenosine and cholesterol. Evaluation of the nonquantitative dipping technique previously employed reveals poor and nonreproducible sample loading efficiency.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010513
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    Identification of explosives by chemical ionization mass spectrometry using water as reagentAbbreviations: HMX (Octogen) = 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazacyclooctane; RDX (Hexogen, Cyclonite) = 1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane; PETN = Pentaerythrytoltetranitrate. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 393-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chemical ionization mass spectra of four explosive compounds have been obtained by using water as reagent gas. The compounds are 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazacyclooctane, 1,3,5-trinitor-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, and an explosive which has been used in letter bombs, containing the two latter compounds and a plasticizer. The chemical ionization H2O mass spectra were recorded at an ion source temperature range of 170 to 225°C, a probe temperature range of 160 to 265°C and a reagent gas (H2O) pressure range of 0.07 to 0.10 Torr. Unlike in chemical ionization using methane or isobutane, chemical ionization H2O spectrum of these compounds provides a method for obtaining quasimolecular peaks. Adduct ion peaks like [M + H3O]+, [M + H5O2]+, [M + NO]+ and [M + NO2]+ are also observed in the chemical ionization H2O mass spectra of these compounds. Chemical ionization H2O mass spectra provide thus a better means of explosive identification.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010606
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    Carbon isotopic fractionations associated with acetic acid production by Acetobacter suboxydans (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 412-414 
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    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Acetobacter suboxydans, strain 8.3, was grown using ethanol, made by the hydration of ethylene, as the sole energy source. After the microorganism had oxidized some of the ethanol to acetic acid, the unassimilated alcohol and produced acetic acid were isolated from the supernatant. Carbon isotopic analyses of these compounds and the starting ethanol show: (1) the methyl carbon of the starting alcohol is enriched in carbon-13 by 4.6% relative to the hydroxyl carbon, (2) the starting alcohol contains 2% less carbon-13 than the unassimilated ethanol and (3) the carboxyl carbon of the acetic acid excreted by the A. suboxydans is enriched by 3.8% in carbon-13 relative to the methyl carbon. These results support earlier findings which indicate that organisms preferentially utilize compounds enriched in carbon-12 and tend to concentrate carbon-12 in the reduced carbons relative to the oxidized carbons of metabolic products.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 42
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    Comparison of the field desorption, chemical ionization and electron impact mass spectra of some steroids (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 423-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electron impact, chemical ionization and field desorption mass spectra of seven steroids showing varying stability to electron impact have been compared.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010611
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    Letter to the editors (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 427-428 
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    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010613
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    News (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. ix 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010615
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  • 45
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    Intramolecular carbon isotopic distribution in biologically produced acetoin (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 415-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The concentrations of carbon-13 in the individual carbon atoms of 3-hydroxy-2-butanone (acetoin) from apple cider vinegar decrease with decreasing oxidation level in the sequence .Because the distributions of isotopes within biological compounds are controlled by kinetic and equilibrium effects, intramolecular isotopic analyses may provide a means of defining the equilibria between metabolic pathways and of recognizing the molecular remnants of pre-existent organisms in geological samples.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010609
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    Computerized mass fragmentography and peak matchingAbbreviations: m.f. = mass fragmentography; a.v.a. = accelerating voltage alternator; m.i.d. = multiple ion detection; p.m. = peak matching; d.a.c. = digital to analogue converter; a.d.c. = analogue to digital converter; d.c. = direct current; t.i.c. = total ion current; PFK = perfluorokerosene. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 397-411 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The minicomputer calculates and sets the required accelerating voltages by means of a 16 bit d.a.c. for maximum 8 masses within a 30% mass range. These, together with the t.i.c., are displayed in real time on a television screen and recorded on magnetic tape with a dynamic range of 1:32 000. Automatic fine adjustment of the mass focus and compensation for drifts in the magnetic field are some of the features in the mass fragmentographic package, which also allows data to be displayed, analysed, edited and plotted. Quantitative analyses can be handled entirely by the system if it is provided with the weight ratios of the compound to be determined and the standards to construct the standard curve. A table of the concentration per ml sample at the various times and/or a semi-log plot may be obtained by providing the amount of the standard added to the sample (e.g. blood), the extracted sample volume and the time at which the sample was drawn. Mass determinations of isolated or non-isolated compounds (nanogram amounts) can be performed within a few minutes with a precision usually better than 5 ppm employing a single focusing instrument at a resolution of 600-700. A maximum of seven unknown masses within a 30% range can be specified and determined simultaneously or in a preselected order. The shortest sweep time of the ion beam is 300 ms. The peak shapes can be analysed by displaying the data stored on magnetic tape on the television monitor.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010607
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    Multiple ion detection by accelerating voltage alternation in conjunction with voltage sweeping (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 418-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An analog multiple ion detection system has been developed for magnetic sector mass spectrometers based on accelerating voltage alternation in conjunction with the accurate maintenance of focusing by means of voltage sweeping, using a superimposed a.c. sine wave voltage. This multiple ion detector voltage sweep system is easily constructed, inexpensive and produces analytical data of much greater precision than that reported from conventional systems. The application of the multiple ion detector voltage sweep system to biomedical problems is illustrated by the development of a method for the determination of stable isotope enrichment in blood glucose and alanine in children infused with tetradeuterio-L-alanine and dideuterioglucose to study gluconeogenesis and glucose utilization in vivo.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010610
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  • 48
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    Beneficial effect of macrocyclic ligands on field desorption mass spectra of samples containing alkali metal ions (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 425-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Addition of a macrocyclic ligand, such as a crown ether or cryptate, to the solution of an organic compound containing alkali metal ions prior to field desorption mass spectral analysis, has been shown to result in a reproducible, smooth field desorption process at low anode temperature. Crystalline dibenzo-18-crown-6 ether complexes of NaI and KI give field desorption spectra in which free and complexed ligands are of comparable intensity. Cryptate complexes retain the metal ion even more strongly, as illustrated by the fact that the complex of LiCl with [2.1.1]-cryptate yields almost exclusively the complexed lithium peak on field desorption. Alkali metal salts with organic anions also desorb more smoothly after complexation, although in the case of simple carboxylates the anion is found only in a cluster peak.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010612
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  • 49
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    Forthcoming events (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. x 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010616
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  • 50
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    Masthead (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010101
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    Editorial (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. xi 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010102
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    Identification of 2-hydroxy fatty acids in complex mixtures of fatty acid methyl esters by mass chromatographyAbbreviations: Hydroxy fatty acids are identified by h preceding chain length. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 10-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Repetitive mass spectrometric scanning of gas-liquid chromatographic effuents at short (6 to 15 s) intervals, with a digital computer for data acquisition, reduction and display, allows plots (mass chromatograms) to be made of the intensities of specific ion fragments. Plotting of m/e values characteristic for certain classes of compounds and/or individual components reveals the location of constituents in the gas chromatogram. This technique was applied to the identification of trimethylsilyl derivatives of unsubstituted and 2-hydroxy fatty acid methyl esters in mixtures obtained from acid catalyzed methanolysis of cat brain galactocerebrosides. The plot of total ionization intensity vs scan number generated the gas-liquid chromatogram. Mass chromatograms of m/e 73 and [M - 59]+ gave the locations in the gas-liquid chromatogram of the hydroxy fatty acid derivatives, and mass chromatograms of m/e 74 and [M]+ located the unsubstituted fatty acid derivatives. Integrated ion intensities were used to determine the composition of the mixture of fatty acids.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010105
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    Mass spectrometric determination of amino acid sequence in Cyl-2, a novel cyclotetrapeptide from Cylindrocladium scoparium (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 15-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The amino acid sequence in Cyl-2, a biologically active cyclotetrapeptide from Cylindrocladium scoparium, was investigated. Through high resolution mass spectrometry along with application of the defocusing technique, the structure of cyl-2 was determined as cyclo-D-O-methyltyrosyl-L-isoleucyl-L-pipecolyl-2-amino-8-oxo-9, 10-epoxydecanoyl.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010106
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  • 54
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    Identification of urinary m-hydroxyphenylhydracrylic acid by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 40-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: β-(m-Hydroxyphenyl)hydracrylic acid has been identified in human urine by gas chromatography, high and low reso ution mass spectrometry, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A rapid and conclusive method is presented for the identification of this acid as its methyl ester and/or its methyl ester trimethylsilyl ether derivative by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010109
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    Use of mass spectrometry for the carbohydrate composition and sequence analysis of glycosphingolipidsThe results of the present work were presented at the Ninth International Congress of Biochemistry, Stockholm, Sweden, 1st to 7th July 1973. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 49-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mass spectrometry has been applied for a detailed structural characterization of glycosphingolipids. Methylated and methylated plus reduced glycolipids (amide groups of ceramide and amino sugars were reduced to the corresponding amines) were found the most useful derivatives. Molecular weight ions [M - 1] were not obtained for methylated lipids with more than four sugar units, but were easily obtained for reduced derivatives, so far with six sugars. Spectra of reduced derivatives showed very abundant ions containing the complete carbohydrate and the fatty acid, allowing a conclusion to be made concerning the carbohydrate composition (ratio of hexose and hexosamine and sialic acid). In addition, conclusive information was obtained for the carbohydrate sequence, including branching of the chain. By a combined use of both derivatives the long chain base and fatty acid composition was also evident. Spectra are discussed for a synthetic monoglycosylceramide, the Forssman glycolipid hapten (pentaglycosylceramide) and two gangliosides (a triglycosylceramide and a pentaglycosylceramide). The mass spectrum of the Forssman glycolipid provides the first conclusive evidence for two amino sugars in the terminal disaccharide of the molecule.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010111
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    Permethylation for mass spectrometry: Rearrangements of ester linkages and use of potassium t-butoxide (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 43-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Thirteen selected compounds were permethylated with potassium t-butoxide in dimethyl sulphoxide and methyl iodide, a simpler procedure than those using sodium hydride but equally effective. From mass spectrometric study of the products. it emerged that carboxylic esters of methanol and of o-diphenols were at least partially rearranged, whereas those of benzyl alcohol and of a monophenol, as well as fully acylated carbohydrate-like substances, were largely not. Some anamalies of C-methylation and N-methylation were encountered.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010110
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    Determination of the structure of partially methylated sugars as O-trimethylsilyl ethers by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 62-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The separation and structural determination of ten partially methylated methyl glucosides by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry are described. These glucosides were four possible structures for methyl tri-O-methylglucosides and six for methyl di-O-methylglucosides. The positions of free hydroxyl groups in four isomers of methyl tri-O-methylglucosides could be fairly distinguished from each other by their mass spectra. Mass spectra of methyl di-O-methylglucosides were similar to each other, though their spectra were different from those of fully methylated or methyl tri-O-methylglucosides. After introduction of a trimethylsilyl group to the free hydroxyl group, mass spectra of methyl di-O-methylglucosides showed a characteristic pattern for the position of the trimethylsilylated hydroxyl group, and O-trimethylsilyl ethers of methyl tri-O-methylglucosides also showed distinguishable mass spectra. The structures of fragment ions of partially methylated methyl glucosides were confirmed by high resolution mass spectrometry.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010113
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    Forthcoming events (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. xiv 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010119
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    News and events (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. xv 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010120
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    Interpretation of mass spectra, 2nd Edition, by F. W. McLafferty. W. A. Benjamin Inc., Reading, Massachusetts, 1973. $15.00 (cloth) $7.50 (paper) (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. xiv 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010118
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    Qualitative and quantitative mass spectrometry of some noncatecholic biogenic amines and related compounds as their dansyl derivatives (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 83-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The use of the integrated ion current technique for the analysis of biogenic amines and phenols as their 1-dimethylaminonaphthalene-5-sulphonyl (dansyl) derivatives is described, particularly as regards to the linearity and sensitivity of detection. The mono derivatized amines gave a linear response over the range 10-9 to 10-14 mol, with a few being detected in quantities as small as 5 × 10-15 mol. The bisdansyl derivatives have a lower sensitivity and the response is linear over a more restricted range, terminating at 10-13 mol. Deuterated analogues of some of the amines were prepared and the feasibility of their use as internal standards was investigated. In this way, the problems associated with quantitative biochemical analyses caused by losses during extractions, chromatographic separations and thermal decomposition in the mass spectrometer lon source are overcome. The differentiation of isomers of biogenic amines as their dansyl derivatives has been accomplished by fractional sublimation and by examination of differences in their fragmentation patterns.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010202
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    Mass spectrometry of 16,16′-O-permethylated 17-ketosteroidsAbbreviations used: A (androsterone); EA (epiandrosterone); E (etiocholanolone); DHA (dehydroandrosterone); DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone); 11 OH-A (11 β-hydroxyandrosterone); 11 OH-E (11 β-hydroxyetiocholanolone). (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 109-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using methylsulphinyl carbanion as base. methylation of 17-ketosteroids with methyl iodide not only converts hydroxy into methoxy groups, but also replaces both C-16 hydrogen atoms by methyl groups. These permethyl derivatives are very stable, have excellent properties for gas chromatographic separation and fragment characteristically upor electron impact. The mass spectra of a number of these derivatives are discussed.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010205
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    High resolution field desorption mass spectrometry: II - glycosides (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 120-123 
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    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The high resolution field desorption mass spectra of a number of glycosides are described. In all cases the spectra enabled molecular weights and elemental formulae to be established, and the presence of fragment ions due to cleavage of the sugar groups provides considerable assistance in the identification of sugar and aglycone moieties. The [M + 23Na]+ ion was the base peak in the spectrum of the sodium salt of testosterone glucuronide, and the presence [M + 39K]+, [M + 41K]+ and [M + 23Na]+ ions in the spectra of other glycosides are attributed to the presence of their sodium or potassium salts as impurities.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010207
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    Direct (non-chromatographic) quantification of drugs and their metabolites from human plasma utilizing chemical lonization mass spectrometry and stable isotope labeling: Quinidine and lidocaineAbbreviations: MEGX = monoethylglycinexylidide; GX = glycinexylidide. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 124-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Preliminary results are reported for the quantitative determination of the antiarrhythmic agents quinidine and lidocaine in human plasma by combined isobutane chemical ionization mass spectrometry and stable isotope labeling. The concentration of monoethylglycinexylidide, a known metabolite of lidocaine, was also determined using this method. In the procedure used, stable isotope analogs of the materials to be determined were added to serial plasma samples. The plasma was then made basic and extracted with benzene. The residue after evaporation of the solvent was placed directly into the mass spectrometer via the direct insertion probe and the spectrum determined. In this manner the above named compounds could readily be quantitated without recourse to either derivitization or further purification.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010208
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    The structural elucidation of polyene macrolide antibiotics by mass spectrometry. Nystatin, amphotericin B and pimaricin (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 20-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Complete mass spectra of the pertimethylsilylated derivatives of three high molecular weight polyene macrolide antibiotics are reported for the first time. The fragmentation pathways which are proposed have been corroborated by the stable isotope derivatives d9-TMS and d3-acetyl. Accurate mass measurements and metastable transitions confirm the proposed fragmentation mechanisms in the low mass range. Nystatin - the macrolide of highest molecular weight in this study - expels several TMSOH molecules and a TMS radical. Amphotericin B underwent extensive rearrangements preliminary to eliminating a series of TMSOH molecules. An apparent equilibrium between the keto and ketal forms of amphotericin B facilitated the rearrangements. Pimaricin fragmented in a manner parallel to that of the other two macrolides. The sugar portion of the molecules dominated the fragmentation in the low mass region in the spectra of all compounds. The transfer of a TMS group from the sugar amine to the glycosidic oxygen was observed when the amino sugar was eliminated from the intact molecule. The resulting sugar ion then expelled ammonia.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010107
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    Sex-linked specificity of the hepatic metabolism of steroids in rats. Mass fragmentography as a method for the assay of hydrogenated metabolites of corticosterone in the liver (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 29-39 
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    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method is described for the separation, identification and quantitation of endogenous hydrogenated metabolities of corticosterone in rat liver Corticosterone, 5α- and 5β-dihydrocorticosterone, 3α,11β,21-trihydroxy-5α-pregnane-3,20-dione, 3β,11β,21-trihydroxy-5α-pregnane-3,20-dione, 3α,11β,21-trihydroxy-5β-pregnane-3,20-dione, 3β,11β,21-trihydroxy-5α-pregnane-3,20-dione, 5α-pregnane-3α,11β,20α,21-tetrol, 5α-pregnane-3α,11β,20β,21-tetrol and 5α-pregnane-3β,11β,20β,21-tetrol are specifically quantitated in one analysis by mass fragmentography all as their O-methyloxime pertrimethylsilyl derivatives. A pronounced difference in the amounts of these nine metabolites between male and female adult rats was found, while in newborn rats only the two tetrahydro-compounds bearing a 5α-hydrogen were detected in both sexes. On the other hand 3α,11β,1 5α,21-tetrahydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one was detected only in the adult female as its second prominent metabolite of corticosterone. Corticosterone metabolites being biochemical markers of the sex-linked differentiation of the hepatocytes, their mass fragmentographic assay is proposed as a tool for the quantitative analysis of this type of gene expression.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010108
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    The formation of 6-ethylsalicylic acid by Mycobacterium phlei (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 57-61 
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    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new metabolite, 6-ethylsalicylic acid, was shown to accompany 6-methylsalicylic acid in cultures of Mycobacterium phlei grown on media supplemented with propionate. Mass spectral analyses of the aromatic acid fractions obtained after growth in the presence of β,β,β-tridenteropropionate demonstrate that the ethyl group derives from propionate. It is postulated that this bacterium can use a propionate ‘starter’ unit in elaboration of a polyketomethylene chain.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010112
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    Separation and characterization of isomeric substituted nucleosides by gas chromatography and mass spectrometryAbbreviations used: TMS (trimethylsilyl); TFA (trifluoroacetyl); TBDMS (t-butyldimethylsilyl). (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 78-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 3′- and 5′-O-t-butyldimethylsilyl derivatives of thymidine and deoxyadenosine have characteristically different mass spectra and can be separated by gas chromatography.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010116
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    The collection and analysis of volatile hydrocarbon air pollutants using a timed elution chromatographic technique linked to a computer controlled mass spectrometer (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 73-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The difficulty of collecting volatile hydrocarbons, such as benzene, from street air in a form suitable for subsequent analysis is overcome by the use of a time-based elution procedure. By linking this technique to a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer-data system, a rapid analysis is possible for low concentrations of collected material. Among advantages of this novel sample introduction procedure are the facility for collecting organic materials without interference from water vapour and their subsequent introduction into the g.c.-m.s. system without the use of any auxiliary solvents. Consequently the mass spectrometer can be used continuously on-line enabling the more volatile materials, normally masked by solvents, to be examined. This procedure is illustrated by the measurement of benzene and other hydrocarbon levels in street air (London). Following gas chromatographic separation the hydrocarbons can be identified by library search facilities attached to the mass spectrometer.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010115
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  • 70
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    Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. II - continuous monitoring (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 80-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Monitoring of solutes eluted from a liquid chromatograph is possible by continuous introduction of the effluent solution into the ion source of a chemical ionization mass spectrometer. Detection sensitivities in the nanogram range are possible for a wide variety of solutes and solvents. Auxiliary techniques which have proved valuable for g.c.-m.s. also appear to be applicable to l.c.m.s.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010117
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  • 71
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    Observations on the mechanism of hydroxylation of cyclophosphamide by rat liver microsomes: The metabolism of cyclophosphamide-4-d2 (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 130-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The metabolism of cyclophosphamide-4-d2 (2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-tetrahydro-4,4-dideuterio-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorine 2-oxide), was studied. The first detectable metabolite was a hydroxy derivative which was trapped with ethanol. Mass spectrometry of the resulting two ethoxy derivatives and of the deuterated acrolein 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones formed therefrom via reaction with acidic 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, afforded evidence that the ethoxy substituents were at C-4, which was therefore the position of the original hydroxy substituent. The mass spectrum of the deuterated acrolein 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone obtained from the total reactive metabolites was used to estimate the ratio of 4- to 6-hydroxylation. The rate of metabolism and the antitumour activity of cyclophosphamide and its 4-d2 analogue were compared.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010209
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  • 72
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    Chemical ionization and high resolution electron impact mass spectra of 1,6-anhydro-3,4-O-isopropylidene-β-D-talopyranosePart of a series Specific Isotropic Labeling of Sugars: Applications in Mass-Spectral Analysis. For the previous report in this series. see Ref. 1. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 145-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The high resolution, electron impact mass spectrum of 1,6-anhydro-3,4-O-isopropylidene-β-D-talopyranose, together with those of its derivatives having specific deuterium substitution at C-2, at C-3, at C-2 and C-3, and in the isopropylidene group, is considered in detail and compared with the ammonia and isobutane mediated chemical ionization spectra of these five compounds. From the elemental compositions of the fragment ions and mass number shifts upon deuterium incorporation, the origin of the hydrogen atoms in each of the fragments is traced, and a detailed scheme of the main fragmentation. pathways is presented.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 73
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    Masthead (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010301
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  • 74
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    High resolution mass spectroscopic analysis of methylated tolbutomide derivatives (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 163-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The methyl derivative of tolbutamide, obtained by the action of dimethyl sulfate, has been subjected to g.c.-m.s. at high resolution. From the mass spectrum it is deduced that methylation of the sulfonamide nitrogen atom has occurred. During the loss of SO2 from the molecular ion, aryl rearrangement to both oxygen and nitrogen occurs in the ratio of 1:2.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010303
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  • 75
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    Field desorption mass spectrometry of the B vitamins: Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, their phosphates, and thiamine (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 169-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Characterization of the B vitamins. pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, their phosphates and thiamine salts by electron impact mass spectrometry is difficult. A new technique, field desorption, is applied in ionizing these molecules for mass spectrometric analysis Characterization of these compounds by field desorption has the advantage that in each case the most intense peak in the spectrum is formed without fragmentation.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 76
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    Metabolism of [14C]niflumic acid isolation and identification of metabolites from human urine (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 1-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The two major metabolites of [14C]niflumic acid, 2-(3′-[14C] trifluoromethylanilino)nicotinic acid have been isolated from human urine. Low and high resolution mass spectrometry indicate that both metabolites (M2a and M2b) are monohydroxylated derivatives of niflumic acid. The 100 MHz proton magnetic resonance spectrum of M2b demonstrates it to be 5-hydroxyniflumic acid, whereas M2a is either the 4′- or 6′-hydroxy derivative. The synthesis of 6′-methoxyniflumic acid methyl ester and comparison of its spectral data and melting point with that of the corresponding derivative of M2a reveal their non-identity. The structure of M2a is, therefore, 4′-hydroxyniflumic acid.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010103
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  • 77
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    The field ionization spectra of some natural coumarins (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 5-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The field ionization and electron impact mass spectra of eleven coumarins have been compared. In the field ion spectra the molecular ions were the base peaks and structurally diagnostic fragment ions formed by direct cleavage were present, whereas the molecular ions were weak in the electron impact spectra and fragment ions formed by rearrangement were dominant. Crude coumarin mixtures obtained from natural sources have been successfully examined using field ionization and gas chromatography + field ionization mass spectrometry.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010104
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  • 78
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    Study on drug metabolites by mass spectrometry. IVFor Part III, see Ref. 1. - metabolites of 2-(diethylamino) ethyltetrahydro-α-(1-naphthylmethyl)-2-furanpropionate oxalate in rats (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 66-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The determination of drug metabolites is very important in the biochemical field. However, the procedure for doing this has been very complicated in many cases. The major reason is because of the need for fairly large amounts of the samples. We have been studying procedures for the determination and identification by use of mass spectrometry, which usually gives a lot of information rapidly from very small amounts of the samples (below μg). In this paper, the metabolites excreted in urine and bile following oral administration of 2-(diethyamino)ethyl tetrahydro-α-(1-naphthylmethyl)-2-furanpropionate oxalate (1) in rats, were investigated by means of mass spectrometry and other techniques. The drug was not excreted unchanged in urine. Of the eight metabolites suspected to be present in urine and bile, the structures of three metabolites were elucidated to be tetrahydro-α-(1-naphthylmethyl)-2-furanpropionic acid (3) and α-(1-naphthylmethyl)-2-perhydro-5-oxofuranpropionic acid (4) in urine, and diethylaminoethanol (2) in bile. These metabolites might also be present as their structural isomers or conjugates.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010114
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  • 79
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    Masthead (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010201
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  • 80
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    Reagent gases for G.C.-M.S. analyses (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 96-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Several reagent gases and mixed reagent gases for high pressure ion-molecule reaction ionization of samples have been investigated for use in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. The common g.c. carrier gases and their mixtures with other gases such as isobutane, ammonia, tetramethylsilane, hexafluoroacetone and nitric oxide, were studied. These reagents were used to enhance the molecular ion intensity and to simplify the spectra of steroidal alcohols and the trimethylsilyl ethers of biologically important compounds.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010203
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  • 81
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    Studies in organic mass spectrometry: XVSande, C. Van de; Vandewalle, M. Bull. Soc. Chim. Belges 1973, 82, 775. - mass fragmentographic identification of epinine in adrenal medulla and as a product of an in vitro enzymic methylation (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 103-108 
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    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The presence of epinine in adrenal medulla and in reaction mixtures of enzymic in vitro experiments is proven by mass fragmentography. Derivatization of catecholamines, suitable for gas chromatographic analysis is discussed. The perfluoropropionates were selected for mass fragmentography.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010204
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  • 82
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    Amino acid mixture analysis by mass spectrometry in the form of their dimethylaminomethylene methyl esters (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 115-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The amino acids, arginine, citrulline, cysteine, cystine, histidine, hydroxyproline, methionine, ornithine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan and tyrosine, have been analysed in the form of their N-(N′, N′-dimethylaminomethylene) methyl esters. formed in a single step by reaction of the free amino acid or its hydrochloride with N,N-dimethylformamide dimethylacetal in acetonitrile/methanol (2:1). A reaction time of 15 minutes at 100 °C ensures complete derivatization, the derivatives being volatile at source temperatures below 150 °C, and giving electron impact spectra characterized by abundant (or moderately abundant) peaks at or near the mass of the molecular ion.The analysis of amino acid mixtures by mass fragmentography on characteristic high mass peaks of their N-(N′,N′-dimethylaminoethylene) methyl ester derivatives, introduced on a direct insertion probe and volatilized during temperature programming of the source, is qescribed. The method is applied to the analysis of a mixture containing arginine, citrulline, cystine, histidine and tryptophan, traditionally difficult to analyse by other methods.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010206
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  • 83
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    Mass spectrometric determination of butobarbitone and its metabolites in man (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 142-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The urinary excretion of butobarbitone and its metabolites has been studied quantitatively using combined gas chromatography-mass fragmentography, tuned to ions at m/e 169 and 184. After a single oral dose (200 mg) to healthy male volunteers, unchanged drug (7 to 9%), 3′-hydroxybutobarbitone (22 to 27%), 3′-oxobutobarbitone (14 to 18%) and the 3′-carboxylic acid (4 to 8%), were found. In all cases, the maximum rate of excretion was in or near the third 12 hour urine.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010211
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  • 84
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    Letter to the editors (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 156-157 
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    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010214
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  • 85
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    Mass spectral studies of airborne particulates and possible pollution sourcesWork supported in part by EPA under Agreement No. EPA-IAG-0217(D) entitled ‘Correlation of Hazardous Compound Composition of Coal, Ash, Fly-Ash, and Other Emissions from Combustion’. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 137-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The organic material in airborne particulate matter is being studied by high resolution mass spectrometry to determine if hydrocarbons typical of major sources of pollution can be detected. Carbon number distributions and hydrogen-to-carbon ratios of components found in airborne particulate samples and the corresponding data for compounds detected in fuel combustion products show great similarity. Samples collected near large power stations and major airports were compared with typical urban particulate samples. Particulates collected from jet engine exhaust and a condensate from the stack effluent from a coal-fired combustion system were studied. Mass spectral data were obtained for an auto exhaust tar, a coal tar pitch and several fuels. The mass spectra of two total particulate samples, compared to the spectrum of an ether extract of the organic matter, indicate that direct vaporization can be used and extraction is not essential for qualitative mass spectral studies.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 86
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    Analysis of intact phospholipids by field desorption mass spectrometry (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 154-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The first application of field desorption mass spectrometry to the analysis of intact diacyl glycerophosphorylcholines (lecithins) has led to the detection of prominent molecular ions. This technique enables positive identification of the components of a mixture of phosphatidylcholines, which will provide valuable information on the phospholipid composition of biological fluids.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010213
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    Mass spectrometry of pesticides and pollutants, by S. Safe and O. Hutzinger. CRC Press Inc., Cleveland, Ohio, 1973. pp. 220, $32.00 (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 157-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010215
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  • 88
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    News and events (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. xi 
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    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010216
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  • 89
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    Detection and quantitative analysis of amphetamine (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 159-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The high resolution mass spectrometric integrated ion current procedure has been used to identify and quantitate amphetamine, isolated as its dansyl derivative, as it is found after addition to urine and in tissues of the rat following intraperitoneal injection. A linear relationship between amphetamine and ion current response has been established at least in the range 5 × 10-12 to 5 × 10-7 g, and as little as 8 × 10-13 mol of amphetamine in urine may be detected.
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  • 90
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    Thin-layer chromatography-mass spectrometry for the identification of sapogenins from Digitalis species (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 166-168 
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    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method is described for the identification of the sapogenins of several Digitalis species. The steroids are separated by repeated development thin-layer chromatography and identified by means of high resolution mass spectrometry. The spectra of tigogenin, gitogenin, digalogenin and digitogenin are recorded. These spectra are of particular use in establishing the position of extra hydroxy moieties in the steroid nuclei. Several species of Digitalis were screened for their sapogenin content. D. purpurea, D. mertonensis and D. lutea were found to contain tigogenin and digitogenin in small amounts, the principal steroid being gitogenin, whilst D. ambigua and D. lanata contained all four steroids.
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  • 91
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    Intramolecular isotopic order in biologically produced acetic acid (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 172-174 
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    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Acetic acid isolated from cider vinegar and inorganically synthesized glacial acetic acid have markedly different intramolecular isotopic distributions of the stable carbon isotopes. Carbon-12 is concentrated in the methyl group relative to the carboxyl group in the biologically produced acid. The reverse distribution is observed in the particular sample of glacial acetic acid examined here.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 92
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    Identification of some organic smog components based on rain water analysis (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 192-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An analysis has been made of a sample of rain water collected in Washington, D.C. following a sustained photo-oxidant smog alert which was accompanied by haze and low visibility. The analysis was effected by purging the organic content from the water with helium gas and identifying the constituents by means of gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. The predominant compound was found to be 3-methylfuran, a possible intermediate or end product of the atmospheric decomposition of terpenoid hydrocarbons. The analysis suggests that the smog resulted from the air oxidation of hydrocarbons evolved from Appalachian forestation rather than from manassociated activities.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010309
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  • 93
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    Source of the carboxamide nitrogen atom in 2-carboxamido-5-isopropoxycarbonylaminobenzimidazole, a metabolite of cambendazole (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 190-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and isotope labeling techniques have been employed to demonstrate that the carboxamide nitrogen atom in 2-carboxamido-5-isopropoxycarbonylaminobenzimidazole, a metabolite of 2-thiazolyl-5-isopropoxycarbonylaminobenzimidazole (cambendazole), is derived wholly from the parent drug. [15N] Thiazole-labeled cambendazole was administered to a rat and the metabolite isolated from urine. Trideutero-2-carboxamido-5-isopropoxycarbonylaminobenzimidazole was employed as a carrier to isolate the metabolite in sufficient purity for isotope ratio measurements using multiple ion detection. The metabolite was converted to its tetramethyl derivative by on-column reaction with trimethylanilium hydroxide to permit satisfactory gas chromatography.
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  • 94
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    Workshop reports (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 206-207 
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    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010312
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  • 95
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    Field desorption mass spectrometry of metabolites of the anticancer drug cyclophosphamide (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 223-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Some of the known and important metabolites of cyclophosphamide and the parent drug itself were investigated by low and high resolution field desorption mass spectrometry. The potential of the relatively new analytical method for the determination of the molecular weight and elemental formulae of drugs and drug metabolites was exemplified. This holds for pure, synthetic compounds as well as for contaminated extracts from biological sources. In addition, by thermally-/field-induced fragmentation, diagnostic fragment ions could be produced, providing valuable structural information. Further, an indication on how to distinguish [M]+. and [M + H]+ ions in field desorption mass spectrometry is given. The ability to identify these ions unambiguously is critical for interpretation. Finally, the potential of the method as applied to drug and drug metabolite mixtures is evaluated. The results indicate that field desorption mass spectrometry is a promising tool in metabolism studies.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010405
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  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic and high resolution mass spectrometric determination of phenylbutazone in blood (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 252-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: High resolution mass spectrometry has been used to identify phenylbutanone in plasma extracts. Concentrations of 5 μg/ml of the drug in plasma have been determined by a gas chromatographic method with a standard deviation of ±0.3%.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010408
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  • 97
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    Electronic Resource
    The amino acid sequences of the tryptic peptides of the cowpea strain of tobacco mosaic virus proteinThe following abbreviations are used in the text: CPA = carboxypeptidase A; CPB = carboxypeptidase B-DFP.The following additional abbreviations and symbols are used in the diagrams: Th = thermolytic peptide; C = chymotryptic peptide; ⇀ = amino acids determined by the Edman degradation procedure; ⇁ = amino acids determined by mass spectrometry; ↽ = amino acids determined by carboxypeptidase A or B; → = amino acids determined by partial acid hydrolysis. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 237-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The amino acid sequences of the thirteen tryptic peptides of the cowpea strain of tobacco mosaic virus (Cowpea TMV) protein were determined by a combination of the mass spectrometric and Edman degradation procedures. In order to complete the amino acid sequences, a number of the tryptic peptides were further digested with chymotrypsin, thermolysin and carboxypeptidases A and B. The peptide fragments were separated and purified by the use of ion exchange chromatography. Sephadex chromatography and paper electrophoresis.The total number of amino acid residues in the Cowpea TMV protein was found to be 161 as opposed to the 158 found for the type TMV protein, and asparaginyl-arginine was the only tryptic peptide common to both proteins. All peptides used for mass spectrometry were first N-acetylated and then permethylated using methyl iodide and methyl sulphinyl carbanion or potassium t-butoxide dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010407
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  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas phase analytical resolution of enantiomeric amines as diastereomeric amides. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of α-phenylbutyramides, α-phenylpropionamides and α-chlorophenylacetamides (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 274-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Representative phenylalkylamines (six enantiomeric pairs) and amino acid methyl esters (five enantiomeric pairs) have been examined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, in the form of their N-(R)-α-phenylbutyryl, N-(S)-α-phenylpropionyl- and N-(R)-α-chlorophenylacetyl derivatives. In most cases, satisfactory gas chromatographic resolution of the diastereomeric amides has been achieved on both SE-30 and OV-17 stationary phases. The phenylbutyramides and phenylpropionamides gave the more informative mass spectra (for characterization of the amines) but molecular ions were observed in all instances.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010412
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  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letter to the editors (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 295-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010416
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of nitrosophenols by mass spectrometryAbbreviations: SCOT = support-coated open tubular columns; BSTFA = N, O-bis-(trimethylsilyl) trifluroacetamide. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 286-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Characteristic mass spectroscopic data for the identification of ten nitrosophenols is presented. The use of TMS derivatives for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of 4-nitrosophenols is discussed, together with the use of copper chelates for obtaining direct insertion spectra of 2-nitrosophenols. The fragmentations of nitrosopher ols also show ions derived from their quinonemonoxime tautomers, even under gas chromatography-mass spectrometry conditions, indicating that isomerization occurs in the mass spectrometer. An anomalous elimination of nitrogen from these nitrosophenols has been shown to be a facile reduction of the nitroso moiety which takes place in the ion source of the mass spectrometer.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010414
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