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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 131-134 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: apple ; transformation ; Agrobacterium ; preculture ; azacytidine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Leaf explants of apple cvs Gala and Golden Delicious were infected with the Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL0(pMOG410). The effects of a 2 d preculture of the explants before infection and the addition of 5-azacytidine to the selection medium were studied. The percentages of GUS-positive explants after 5 w did not significantly alter due to these treatments. One of the ‘Gala’ shoots, which was removed from a leaf explant cultured for 8 w on selection medium, proved to be GUS-positive and will be analyzed further. In general, however, it should be concluded that regeneration of transgenic shoots directly from leaf tissue was not very effective.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Lycopersicon ; tomato ; tomato spotted wilt virus ; tospovirus ; transformation ; virus resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) causes significant economic losses in the commercial culture of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Culture practices and introgression of natural sources of resistance to TSWV have only been marginally effective in controlling the TSWV disease. Recently however, high levels of protection against TSWV have been obtained by transforming tobacco with a chimaeric gene cassette comprising the TSWV nucleoprotein gene. This report demonstrates the successful application of this newly-created TSWV resistance gene in cultivated tomato. Transformation of an inbred tomato line with the TSWV nucleoprotein gene cassette resulted in high levels of resistance to TSWV that were maintained in hybrids derived from the parental tomato line. Therefore, transformant lines carrying the synthetic TSWV resistance gene make suitable progenitors for TSWV resistance to be incorporated into the breeding programmes of tomato.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; disease tolerance ; oxalic acid ; oxalate oxidase ; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Oxalic acid is thought to have a primary role in the pathogenicity of several plant pathogens, notably Sclerotinia selerotiorum. A gene coding for the enzyme oxalate oxidase was isolated from barley roots and introduced into oilseed rape as a means of degrading oxalic acid in vivo. This report describes the production of several transgenic plants of oilseed rape and the characterisation of these plants by Southern, Western and enzyme activity assays. Plants were shown to contain an active oxalate oxidase enzyme and were tolerant of exogenously supplied oxalic acid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: alfalfa ; alpha-amylase ; field performance ; manganese-dependent lignin peroxidase ; Medicago sativa ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Transgenic alfalfa plants expressinBacillus licheniformis alpha-amylase and mangaese-dependent lignin peroxidase (Mn-P) from Phanerochaete chrysosporium were produced using the Agrobacterium tumefaciens transformation system. In each case, there was a range of expression of the introduced gene among independent transgenic plants. Plants producing alpha-amylase showed no alteration of phenotype. Production of Mn-P in alfalfa, howeven, in most cases adversely affected plant growth and development. Affected plants were stunted with yellowing foliage, but survived and produced seed. Results from field trials showed that Mn-P production in transgenic alfalfa reduced dry matter yield and plant height. The extent of these symptoms and yield reduction was, for the most part, related to the level of foreign protein production as estimated by Western analysis. Field data from transgenic plants expressing alpha-amylase showed that there was no effect of foreign protein production on plant performance. Expression of Mn-P was shown to segregate in sexual progeny derived from transgenic plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa L. cv. Taipei 309 ; rice ; protoplasts ; direct DNA uptake ; kanamycin-resistant transgenic plants ; field trial ; glasshouse trial ; neomycin phosphotransferase II (npt II) gene ; gene expression and inheritance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The phenotypes of seed progeny (R2 generation) of Oryza sativa L. cv. Taipei 309, which carried the neomycin phosphotransferase II (npt II) gene, were compared with those of non-transformed, protoplast-derived plants of the same generation and non-transformed, seed-derived plants under field and glasshouse conditions. Under both conditions the transgenic plants were generally smaller, took longer to flower and had reduced fertility. Significant differences were observed between individuals within the group of transgenic plants. The npt II gene was present in most of the transgenic plants, but NPT II activity was only detected in a minority of individuals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 1-12 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: genetic engineering ; gene targets ; mapping ; markers ; transformation ; QTLs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: transformation ; silicon carbide ; whiskers ; maize
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary We review here the most recently developed technique for maize transformation which involves the vortexing of silicon carbide whiskers with maize cells in the presence of plasmid DNA. Fertile transgenic plants have been regenerated following whisker-mediated transformation which is compared with the alternatives described to date, namely protoplast uptake, particle bombardment and electroporation of intact tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; electroporation ; particle gun ; polyethylene glycol ; regeneration ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Suitable sunflower tissues and cells were transformed either by direct gene transfer into protoplasts, particle bombardment, or Agrobacterium co-culture. While all techniques allowed efficient short-term or transient expression of the introduced gene(s) in the respective tissues, stable transformation was only observed after transformation with Agrobacterium. The latter technique was suitable for the production of transgenic callus from seedling cotyledons and occasional shoots with chimaeric expression of the transgene. Detailed analysis of the interaction of Agrobacterium with this explant showed that infection efficiency was critically dependent on the co-culture conditions, and that the preferentially-transformed cells were not the ones competent for regeneration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; transformation ; lily ; β-glucuronidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Lily cv. Harmony was inoculated with several Agrobacterium strains to study its susceptibility to Agrobacterium infection and transformation. Tumorous tissue formation on inoculated stem internodes of sterile-grown plantlets, as well as expression of a β-glucuronidase marker gene interrupted by an intron in cells of inoculated stem nodes, indicate that the monocotyledon Lilium is a host for Agrobacterium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: barley ; electroporation ; PEG-mediated DNA uptake ; promoter analysis ; protoplasts ; transient expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In some cereal species that are still recalcitrant to stable transformation and regeneration, transient expression in isolated protoplasts is a useful tool for the study of gene expression and regulation. We have successfully applied these techniques to barley protoplasts derived from developing endosperm, aleurone, leaves and roots in order to characterize functionally cis-acting motives in two gene promoters, corresponding to trypsin inhibitor BTI-CMe and to sucrose synthase Ss1. Gene specificity is maintained in transient expression assays with protoplasts isolated from these different barley tissues and the pattern of expression parallels the mRNA levels observed for the corresponding genes in the same tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 11
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; plant regeneration ; potato ; Solanum tuberosum ; tissue culture ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary To provide a truly genotype-independent transformation system, it is necessary to be able to transform a wide range of potato genotypes. The ability to regenerate shoots in vitro was determined for 34 potato varieties using tuber disc explants. Following a culture regime used extensively in previous studies with the variety Desiree, half of the varieties could be regenerated from tuber discs and half could not. From a sample of varieties that could be regenerated from tuber discs, all but one variety gave transgenic plants. Twelve varieties were evaluated for the capacity to regenerate shoots from leaf and internode explants excised from in vitro grown plants. All of the varieties tested regenerated adventitious shoots. Leaf and internode explants from 5 varieties were subsequently used for transformation, and transgenic plants were produced from two potato varieties that did not give transgenic plants from tuber disc explants. Some varieties could not be transformed by either method, and will require modification of the in vitro regeneration and transformation system to be successful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Hordeum vulgare ; isolated microspores ; particle bombardment ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A highly regenerable, isolated microspore system for barley, Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Igri, has been developed which is amenable to transformation studies using particle bombardment. The system allows DNA to be delivered to microspores at the single cell stage and both transient and stable transformation events have been demonstrated. The potential advantages of using isolated microspores as the target tissue in routine transformation systems are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Bacillus thuringiensis ; maize ; microprojectile bombardment ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A synthetic Bt gene encoding a truncated version of the CryIA(b) protein derived from Bacillus thuringiensis was successfully introduced into elite maize using microprojectile bombardment of immature embryos. The method used to initiate and identify transformation events is described. We describe the detailed parameters used for the Biolistics device as well as the plasmids used for the transformations. The plasmids contained the synthetic Bt gene driven by either the 35S CaMV promoter or a combination of two tissue-specific promoters, leaf and pollen, derived from maize. Specific conditions for the culture of Type I callus from immature embryos, the phosphinothricin (PPT) selection protocol, and the regeneration of plants are discussed. T0 and T1 plants were initially identified using the pH-dependent chlorophenol red test and/or the histochemical β-glucuronidase (GUS) assay. PCR and Southern data confirm the presence of the 35S CaMV promoter and the synthetic Bt gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: protoplasts ; protoclonal variation ; somatic hybridization ; top-fruit trees ; woody ornamentals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Until recently, temperate fruit trees and woody ornamentals have been regarded as recalcitrant to biotechnological breeding approaches based on protoplasts. This however should no longer be the case, as procedures are now available, not only for the regeneration of complete plants from protoplasts of various tissues of such species, but also for the exploitation of protoplast technology for their genetic manipulation. This paper will examine the recent advances and state of the art in this domain, with particular attention to the use of protoplast technology as a novel tool in the breeding of rosaceous top-fruit tree species and woody ornamentals. Problems and their solutions within the context of regenerating plants from isolated protoplasts of stone (Prunus spp.), pome (Pyrus spp., Malus spp.) and small (Rubus spp.) fruits, and of several shrubby ornamental genotypes (Lonicera spp., Weigela spp., Forsythia spp., Cotoneaster spp.) will be addressed. Interspecific (Prunus spinosa + Prunus cerasifera) and intergeneric (Forsythia spp. + Syringa spp.) somatic hybridization within this group of species, as well as the use of protoplasts for host/pathogen interaction studies (Pyrus/Erwinia amylovora) will also be discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: bleomycin ; direct gene transfer ; expression ; irradiation ; petunia ; protoplasts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The production of transgenic plants by means of direct gene transfer to protoplasts is now a widely-used technique. The biological mechanisms underlying the transformation are still poorly understood, but many investigations have attempted to shed light on some components of this process. Varying the experimental conditions has in some cases led to better transformation rates, but further improvements of the protocols are possible. Such improvements will require a better understanding of how the alien DNA enters the cells, becomes integrated into the chromosomes and is treated as a part of the plant genome. Irradiation with sublethal doses of X-rays or UV-light has been shown to increase the transformation frequency, while certain drugs have been shown to act in a similar manner. The effects of these and other factors are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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