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  • 1985-1989
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  • 1965-1969  (557)
  • 1920-1924
  • 1840-1849
  • 1968  (557)
  • Organic Chemistry  (547)
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  • 1985-1989
  • 1975-1979
  • 1965-1969  (557)
  • 1920-1924
  • 1840-1849
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aktiver Transport als Komponente der enteralen Phenolrotresorption (1968)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 259 (1968), S. 260-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Intestine ; Rat ; Phenol red ; Absorption ; Active transport ; Darm ; Ratte ; Phenolrot ; Resorption ; Aktiver Transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Phenolrot wird aus dem Jejunum der Ratte im wesentlichen passiv durch Diffusion resorbiert. Ein kleiner Anteil der resorbierten Menge folgt jedoch Charakteristica eines aktiven Prozesses. Die Resorption dieses Anteils wird durch p-Aminohippursäure (PAH) unterdrückt. In vitro baut Darmgewebe einen Teil von verabreichtem Phenolrot um, so daß es sich dem photometrischen Nachweis entzieht. Diese Reaktion wird durch PAH nicht beeinflußt. Aus dem Verhalten von PAH wird geschlossen, daß es sich bei der aktiven Elimination von Phenolrot aus dem Darm in vivo nicht um Stoffwechsel, sondern um aktiven Transport handelt, der Ähnlichkeit mit den Säuretransportmechanismen in anderen Organen zeigt. Die Phenolrotresorption ist unabhängig von der Art der Kationen in der zur Resorption angebotenen Phenolrotlösung, soweit es sich um Na-, K- oder Na-K-Ionengemische handelt. Auch wenn in der zur Resorption verabreichten Lösung alle Na- und K-Ionen durch Li-Ionen ersetzt werden, bleibt die Phenolrotresorption ohne signifikante Änderung.
    Notes: Summary Phenol red is absorbed from the jejunum of the rat mainly by diffusion. A small proportion of the amount administered, however, disappears from the gut in a way that suggests an active process. The disappearance of this part is inhibited by p-aminohippurate (PAH). In vitro, phenol red is partly metabolized by jejunal tissue. PAH has no effect on this metabolism. From the interaction of PAH it is concluded that the active elimination of phenol red from the jejunum in vivo is due to absorption by active transport and not to metabolism. This process is similar to the active transport of organic acids known in other organs in that it is inhibited by PAH. Absorption of phenol red is not influenced by the kind of cations present in the solution, as far as sodium, potassium or mixtures of both ions are concerned. Substitution of lithium for sodium and potassium does not result in significant changes in the absorption of phenol red.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00536771
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of selective hippocampal lesions in the rat on acquisition, performance, and extinction of bar pressing on a fixed ratio schedule (1968)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 5 (1968), S. 259-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Hippocampal Lesions ; Rat ; Fixed Ratio ; Acquisition ; Extinction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rats with bilateral anterior and posterior hippocampal lesions (APH), anterior hippocampal lesions (AH), and controls were trained on CRF for water, and then switched to FR-20. Both hippocampal groups adapted more readily than controls to the FR-20 schedule and maintained significantly higher rates for 45 days. There were no significant differences on FR-20 between the lesion groups. Following FR-20, the rates of all groups were equalized by training on FR-30. During subsequent extinction, the APH group made significantly more responses than both the AH and control groups, while AH and control groups were indistinguishable. The acquisition results were interpreted as indicating increased emotional reactivity to delay of anticipated reward in both hippocampally lesioned groups. The extinction results suggested that APH, but not AH, lesions also result in increased perseveration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235901
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation between noradrenaline content of the brain and the number of granular vesicles in rat hypothalamus during nialamid administration (1968)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 5 (1968), S. 79-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Synapse ; Granular vesicles ; Noradrenaline ; Nialamid ; Ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus was studied in the rat with the electron microscope under circumstances of elevated brain monoamine level following treatment with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor Nialamid. The number of granular vesicles (size in diameter 450–1100 Å) in synaptic terminals increased after Nialamid treatment significantly, while their size did not change; the number of agranular vesicles remained unchanged. The time courses of the increase of granular vesicles and elevation of brain noradrenaline content were approximately parallel. It is inferred that the granular vesicles of size 450 to 1100 Å may possibly be the storage sites of noradrenaline.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238698
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur hormonellen Beeinflussung des Hexobarbitalschlafes der Ratte (1968)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 259 (1968), S. 413-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Cyproterone Acetate ; Hexobarbital Narcosis ; Rat ; Testosterone ; Enzyme Induction ; Cyproteronacetat ; Hexobarbitalnarkose ; Ratte ; Testosteron ; Fermentinduktion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An geschlechtsreifen Ratten wurde der Einfluß des Antiandrogens Cyproteronacetat auf die Hexobarbitalnarkose bei Ratten in Abhängigkeit vom Hormonstatus geprüft. Cyproteronacetat entfaltet in diesem Versuchsmodell nicht seine sonst bekannte spezifische Hemmwirkung gegenüber endogenem und injiziertem Testosteron. Die Vorbehandlung mit Cyproteronacetat führt zu einer Steigerung der mikrosomalen Fermentaktivität in der Leber und damit wahrscheinlich zu einem schnelleren Abbau von Hexobarbital. Die Folge ist eine erhebliche Narkosedauerverkürzung durch diese Verbindung.
    Notes: Summary The influence of the antiandrogen Cyproterone acetate on Hexobarbital narcosis in relation to the hormonal state was investigated in adult rats. In this test model Cyproterone acetate failed to exert its wellknown specific inhibitory action on endogeneous and injected testosterone. Pretreatment with Cyproterone acetate led to enhanced microsomal enzyme activity in the liver and thus probably to a more rapid metabolism of Hexobarbital. The result of this is a significant shortening of the duration of narcosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00538555
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of methylphenidate, pentobarbital, and reserpine on behavior controlled by a schedule of interresponse time reinforcement (1968)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 13 (1968), S. 49-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Operant Behavior ; Methylphenidate ; Pentobarbital ; Reserpine ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Three rats, deprived of water, were given separate injections of methylphenidate and pentobarbital after each had received extensive training on a DRL schedule of reinforcement, modified by the inclusion of a limited-hold. Methylphenidate (2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/kg) increased response rates at each of these dosages; pentobarbital increased response rates at dosages of 2.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg but had little effect on overall response rate at 10 mg/kg though, at this dose, performance was characterized by periods of rapid responding alternating with periods of inactivity. The rate-increasing effects of the two drugs were found to be qualitatively different. Several mixtures of the two drugs induced rate increases greater than those found when each drug was given separately. However, pentobarbital (10 mg/kg) reduced the rate-increasing effects of methylphenidate obtained when the latter was given alone at a dosage of 10 mg/kg. Chronic pretreatment with reserpine (0.3 mg/kg for 12 days), given to two animals, progressively reduced rate of responding. Methylphenidate antagonized the effects of reserpine as an increasing function of dosage but the resulting pattern of behavior more closely resembled the effects of methylphenidate given alone than performance recorded in the absence of any drug treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00401618
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Abhängigkeit der Oberflächenkräfte isolierter Rattenlungen von Atmung, Temperatur und Stoffwechsel (1968)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 304 (1968), S. 315-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Lung ; Alveolar Surface Tension ; Aerobic Metabolism ; Breathing Mechanics ; Rat ; Lunge ; Alveoläre Oberflächenspannung ; Oxydativer Stoffwechsel ; Atemmechanik ; Ratte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Beatmet man isolierte Rattenlungen mit Drucken von 0–25 cm H2O (Überbeatmung), so zeigen sich im statischen Druck-Volumen-Diagramm Veränderungen, die auf eine Zunahme der Oberflächenspannung in den Lungenalveolen hinweisen. Läßt man die Lungen im Anschluß an die Beatmung 30 min im geblähten Zustand, so wiest das Verhalten despV-Diagramms auf ein Wiederabsinken der alveolären Oberflächenspannung hin, wenn die Versuche bei 37°C vorgenommen wurden, während eine derartige Änderung bei 20–24°C nur angedeutet nachzuweisen ist. 2. Wird der oxydative stoffwechsel durch Beatmung der Lunge mit N2 oder Vergiftung mit KCN ausgeschaltet, so zeigen sich prinzipiell sowohl während der Beatmung als auch in der Restitutionsphase die gleichen Verhältnisse, nur daß unter anoxischen Bedingungen die alveoläre Oberflächenspannung während der Beatmung noch etwas stärker ansteigt. Danach spielt der oxydative Stoffwechsel für die beobachteten Erscheinungen eine untergeordnete Rolle. 3. Wahrscheinlich wird durch die Überbeatmung der Oberflächenfilm in den Lungenalveolen mechanisch geschädigt, wobei ein Teil des oberflächenaktiven Materials inaktiviert wird. Eine Restitution könnte durch Wiederspreitung des inaktivierten Materials oder durch Übertreten von LAS aus den Alveolarzellen an die Alveolaroberfläche erfolgen.
    Notes: Summary The effect of ventilation on the lung alveolar lining layer has been demonstrated by analysis of pressure-volume diagrams. Ventilation of isolated rat lungs at intrapulmonary pressures of 0–25 cm H2O caused an increase of surface forces in the lungs. After ventilation was stopped the lungs were kept inflated at intrapulmonary pressures of 25 cm H2O up to 60 min. Subsequent analysis of the pressure-volume diagrams indicated a decrease of surface forces at 37°C while at 20–24°C only little recovery occurred. The influence of ventilation with N2 or poisoning with KCN on aerobic cell metabolism was investigated. The increase of surface forces was only slightly more pronounced by anoxia during lung-ventilation than in the above experiments. Aerobic cell metabolism, therefore, did not play an important role in our experiments. It is very likely that the decrease of surface activity following ventilation was caused by mechanical changes of the alveolar lining layer. We believe that, to some extent, the lung alveolar surfactant was inactivated. Recovery can be explained by new spreading of inactivated materials or by passage of lung alveolar surfactant from the alveolar cells to the alveolar surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00587707
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Resorption freier und konjugierter Gallensäuren im Dünndarm der Ratte in vitro und in vivo (1968)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 261 (1968), S. 314-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Rat ; Gut ; Absorption ; Free Bile Acids ; Conjugated Bile Acids ; Ratte ; Darm ; Resorption ; freie Gallensäure ; konjugierte Gallensäuren
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Zur Klärung der Frage, ob für die Anreicherung freier Gallensäuren in Coecum und Colon eine unterschiedliche Resorption freier und konjugierter Gallensäuren im Dünndarm mitverantwortlich ist, wurden in vitro an nicht durchbluteten, isoliert durchströmten Dünndarmsegmenten der Ratte ihr Durchtritt und ihre Bindung untersucht. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit denjenigen verglichen, die in vivo an durchbluteten, abgebundenen Ileumschlingen bei Ratten in situ gewonnen wurden. Folgende Gallensäuren standen zur Verfügung: Cholsäure, deren Taurin- und Glycin-Konjugat; Desoxycholsäure sowie deren Taurin- und Glycin-Konjugat. 2. Die in vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß konjugierte Gallensäuren, gemessen an der Konzentration im Resorbat, in größerem Umfange als freie durch die Mucosa treten. Je polarer die Gallensäure, desto größer die Durchtrittsrate. Beim Durchtritt werden weder freie Gallensäuren mit Taurin bzw. Glycin konjugiert, noch werden Gallensäure-Konjugate in nennenswertem Umfange hydrolytisch gespalten. Der durch die Darmwand gebundene Anteil freier Gallensäuren ist größer als der konjugierter. 3. In vivo erfolgt die Resorption aus Ileumschlingen so schnell, daß innerhalb von 15 min von allen Gallensäuren gleichviel resorbiert wird. Das Ausmaß der Bindung der Gallensäuren in der Darmwand ist unterschiedlich. Von Desoxycholsäure wird auch in vivo doppelt soviel gebunden wie von Glykocholsäure. 4. Das Ergebnis der Versuche besagt, daß in vivo eine geringere Resorption für die Anreicherung freier Gallensäuren im Dickdarm keine Rolle spielt. Die Unterschiede im Durchtritt freier und konjugierter Gallensäuren in vitro sind methodisch bedingt.
    Notes: Summary 1. In order to elucidate the question whether the coecal and colonic accumulation of free bile acids is caused by different absorption of free and conjugated bile acids in the small intestine, their penetration and their binding were studied in vitro in isolated rat gut segments. The results were compared with those in vivo obtained with tied loops in situ. The following bile acids were available: cholanic acid, its taurine and glycine conjugates; deoxycholic acid and both its conjugates. 2. The experiments in vitro showed that relative to the concentration in the absorbed fluid, the penetration rate of conjugated bile acids is higher than that of free bile acids. The more polar a bile acid is the greater is the penetration rate. During penetration neither free bile acids are conjugated with taurine or glycine nor conjugated bile acids are hydrolysed. 3. In vivo absorption in ileal loops is so rapid that within 15 min the absorption rate is nearly the same for all bile acids. The amounts of bile acids bound by the tissue vary. In vivo, as in vitro, twice as much deoxycholic acid is bound as glycocholic acid. 4. The results show that in vivo a lesser absorption is of no significance for the accumulation of free bile acids in the colon. The difference in the absorption of free and conjugated bile acids in vitro is caused by the method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00537176
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Der Einfluß von Liganden auf die Retention von Eisen nach oraler Verabfolgung an normale und anämische Ratten (1968)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 261 (1968), S. 225-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Iron Deficiency ; Iron Absorption ; Iron Complexes ; Rat ; Eisenmangel ; Eisen-Resorption ; Eisenkomplexe ; Ratte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Die Retention von freiem und komplexgebundenem 59Fe-Eisen wurde 6 Tage nach Verabreichung mit der Schlundsonde bei normalen und anämischen Ratten in einer Ganztiermeßanlage bestimmt. 2. Anämische Ratten nahmen fünfmal mehr Eisen auf als normale Tiere, wenn ionisiertes Eisen angeboten wurde. Alle geprüften Komplexbildner vermindern die gesteigerte Eisen-Retention anämischer Ratten. Bezogen auf die Werte der anämischen Gruppe (=100%) wurde die Retention durch EDTA um 87%, durch Citronensäure um 40%, durch Ascorbinsäure um 32% und durch Nicotinhydroxamsäure um 31% herabgesetzt. 3. In Gegenwart von Komplexbildnern ist die Eisen-Retention anämischer Tiere bei Citronensäure 8,7, von EDTA 6,3, von Nicotinhydroxamsäure 3,7 und von Ascorbinsäure 2,7 mal höher als bei normalen.
    Notes: Summary 1. In normal and anemic rats, the retention of free and complex-bound 59Fe-iron was measured with a whole body counter 6 days after its oral administration. 2. If the iron is administered in the ionic form to iron-deficient rats they show a retention of iron 5 times greater than that of normal animals. The increased iron retention of anemic rats is diminished by all complexing agents tested. EDTA reduced it by 87%, citric acid by 40%, ascorbic acid by 32% and nicotine hydroxamic acid by 31%. 3. When the iron is combined with citric acid its retention by iron-deficient rats was 8.7 times increased in comparison to normal rats, with EDTA 6.3 times, with nicotine hydroxamic acid 3.7 and with ascorbic acid 2.7 times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00536987
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methoden der Nierenpunktion bei der Ratte (1968)
    Springer
    Clinical and experimental medicine 145 (1968), S. 260-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1591-9528
    Keywords: Renal puncture ; Renal needle biopsy ; Rat ; Nierenpunktion ; Ratte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 90 Ratten wurden insgesamt 266 Nierenpunktionen durchgeführt. Selbst Serienbiopsien (bis zu acht Eingriffen pro Tier bzw. bis fünf Punktionen pro Niere) mit Intervallen von wenigen Tagen wurden gut vertragen. Drei Methoden wurden versucht: percutane Blindbiopsie, Punktion unter Sicht von dorsal (extraperitoneal) bzw. von ventral (transperitoneal). Bei Berücksichtigung der wichtigsten Momente (Ergiebigkeit des Punktates, Schwierigkeit des Eingriffes — auch bei nachfolgenden Punktionen —, lokale Folgen an der Niere und Umgebung) hat sich dastransperitoneale Vorgehen als dieMethode der Wahl erwiesen und ausgezeichnete Ergebnisse geliefert. Die Nierenpunktion der Ratte kann besonders zum Studium des Verlaufes experimenteller Nierenkrankheiten mit morphologischen Methoden empfohlen werden.
    Notes: Summary In 90 rats 266 renal puncture biopsies were performed. Even serial biopsies (up to eight per animal or up to five punctures per kidney, respectively) were tolerated very well. Three methods were attempted: Percutaneous blind biopsy, puncture under direct vision by a dorsal (extraperitoneal) approach and by a ventral (transperitoneal) one. Considering the most important factors (e.g. amount of the puncture sample, difficulty of the procedure even in subsequent punctures, local damage to the kidney) the transperitoneal approach has proved to be the method of choice and excellent results were obtained. Renal puncture of rats are especially suitable for studying diseases of the kidney by morphological methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02044616
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Normale Verteilung51Cr-markierter Lymphocyten in der Ratte und ihre Änderung nach Antilymphocytenserum (1968)
    Springer
    Clinical and experimental medicine 146 (1968), S. 275-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1591-9528
    Keywords: Anti-lymphocyte serum ; 51Cr-labelled lymphocytes ; Rat ; Antilymphocytenserum ; 51Cr-markierte Lymphocyten ; Ratte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. 48 Ratten wurden in Äthernarkose 107 51Cr-markierte Lymphocyten suspendiert in Hankscher Lösung und Heparin in die V. femoralis injiziert. Ein Teil der Tiere bekam gleichzeitig Antilymphocytenserum. Dabei wurde festgestellt, daß der normale Abbau51Cr-markierter Lymphocyten in einer bestimmten zeitlichen Reihenfolge in Lunge, Leber, Milz und peripheren Lymphknoten vonstatten geht und51Cr durch die Niere ausgeschieden wird. Ein Wiederansteigen der Radioaktivität in den erwähnten Organen nach 18–22 Tagen wird mit einem Reutilisationseffekt erklärt. 2. Durch Kaninchen-Anti-Ratten-Lymphocytenserum (ALS) wird diese Verteilung beschleunigt und verändert. In der Lunge findet man eine sehr starke, in der Milz dagegen fast gar keine Anhäufung51Cr-markierter Lymphocyten, was auf eine Schädigung dieses Organs durch ALS hinweisen könnte.
    Notes: Summary 1. 107 51Chromium-labelled lymphocytes have been injected into the femoral vein of 48 rats in aetheranaesthesia. The lymphocytes were suspended in heparinized Hank's solution. 20 animals were treated with antilymphocyte serum at the same time. The normal distribution of51Cr-labelled lymphocytes was found to take place in lung, liver, spleen and peripheral lymphnode in a certain chronological order.51Chromium is eliminated by the kidney. After a period of 18–22 days an increase of radioactivity is found in organs mentioned above which is to be explained by reutilisation of radioactivity. 2. This normal distribution is changed by rabbit-anti-rat-lymphocyte serum. In the lung it is found more of51Cr-labelled lymphocytes in the spleen less than in control animals. These findings suggest a damaging effect induced by antilymphocyte serum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02043637
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaktionen mit 1,4-Dinitrobutan (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 59-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1,4-Dinitrobutan läßt sich mit Formaldehyd zum 2,5-Bis-(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dinitro-hexan-1,6-diol (I) umsetzen. Durch katalytische Hydrierung konnte daraus das 2,5-Bis-(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-diamino-hexan-1,6-diol (II) gewonnen werden. Mit Formaldehyd und primären Aminen liefert I 1,2-Bis-[5′(5′-nitro-1′,3′-dialkyl-hexahydro-pyrimidyl)]-äthane (III) und 1,2-Bis-[5′(5′-nitro-3′-alkyl-tetrahydro-1′,3′-oxazinyl)]-äthane (IV).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370109
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über den Zusammenhang zwischen Konstitution und insektizider Wirkung einiger Acetylphenylester der Phospor- und Thiophosphorsäure (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 243-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wurden verschiedenartig substituierte Acetylphenylester der Phosphor- und Thiophosphorsäure hergestellt und deren Wirksamkeit gegen Musca domestica geprüft. Es zeigte sich, daß eine lineare Abhängigkeit sowohl zwischen dem LD50-Wert und dem pK-Wert als auch zwischen dem LD50-Wert und der Verschiebung der Frequenz der OH-Valenzschwingung der zur Veresterung herangezogenen Phenole besteht, wenn diese in m- oder p-Stellung substituiert sind. Bei mehrfacher Substitution konnte diese Übereinstimmung nicht gefunden werden, da durch Wasserstoffbrückenbindung (o-Acetylphenol) oder sterische Hinderung, speziell bei angularen Erstsubstituenten (NO2- und COCH3Gruppe), die erwarteten Substitutionseinflüsse nicht voll wirksam werden.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370504
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Einige Cumolderivate als Modellsubstanzen für para-substituierte Polystyrole (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 97-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird über Darstellung und Eigenschaften von p-Nitrosocumol. p-Cumylborsäure, p-Cumylquecksilberacetat und einigen hiervon abgeleiteten Verbindungen berichtet, die als Modelle für substituierte Polystyrole dienen könen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370114
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen über das Dampf-Flüssigkeits-Phasengleichgewicht des Systems Methylenchlorid/Chloroform/Tetrachlorkohlenstoff bei 45°C unter Verwendung einer gaschromatographischen Analysenmethode (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 122-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es werden die Ergebnisse von Phasengleichgewichtsmessungen am genannten System bei einer Schnittemperatur von 45,0 °C mitgeteilt. Des weiteren wird versucht, die Konzentrationsabhängigkeit des Phasengleichgewichtes durch einen ternären MARGULES-Ansatz zu interpretieren und die von SCHUBERTH in (2) dargelegte Behauptung der besseren Darstellbarkeit mit B′=B′13 + B′23 gegenüber B′ = 0 zu überprüfen. Die hinreichend konsistenten Meßergebnisse scheinen eine Bestätigung der aufgestellten Behauptung zu erbringen.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370303
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Kenntnis der 2-Amino-1,3,4-oxdiazole. XX. Über die Bildung von in 5-Stellung heterocyclisch substituierten 1-Acyl-diaminoguanidinen (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 182-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Heterocyclische Hydrazine reagieren mit 2-Amino-1,3,4-oxdiazolen in Gegenwart von HCl unter Bildung von 1-Acyl-diaminoguanidinen, die in 5-Stellung heterocyclisch substituiert sind und bei der Oxydation 1-Acyl-C-amino-formazane liefern.In siedender Alkalilauge cyclisieren die Diaminoguanidine zu den Azobasen der in Nβ-Stellung heterocyclisch substituierten 5-Hydrazino-1,2,4-triazole.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370310
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370501
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  • 17
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    Über ReaktioneN mit Aluminiumalkylen. XI. Zur Reaktion von Triäthylaluminium, Äthylaluminium-sesquichlorid und Diäthylaluminiumhydrid mit Chlormethanen (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 214-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird über das Verhalten von Äthylaluminiumsesquichlorid, Triäthylaluminium und Diäthylaluminiumhydrid gegenüber Methylenchlorid, Chloroform und Tetrachlorkohlenstoff unter verschiedenen Reaktionsbedingungen berichtet.Methylenchlorid und Chloroform werden durch Äthylaluminiumsesquichlorid nicht angegriffen, durch Triäthylaluminium langsam enthalogeniert. Dagegen reagiert Tetrachlorkohlenstoff sehr heftig mit den ersten beiden Äthylaluminium-Verbindungen und führt zu Explosionen. Methylenchlorid eignet sich sehr gut als Lösungsmittel für aluminiumorganische Synthesen, wie bei der Darstellung von Ketonen aus Säurechloriden mit Hilfe von Äthylaluminiumsesquichlorid gezeigt wird.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370314
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Luftoxydation von Aminalen (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 252-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Entgegen einer älteren Literaturangabe, wonach Einwirkung von Luftsauerstoff auf Isobutyraldehyd-diphenylaminal zu Hydrazobenzol führen soll, wurde festgestellt, daß unter C—C-Spaltung Diphenyl-formamidin entsteht. Die Reaktion läßt sich auf Aminale des p-Toluidins und des p-Chlor-anilins übertragen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370505
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iron(III) 8-hydroxy quinoline 7-sulfonic Acid Chelate (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 263-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Iron(III) forms in the aqueous medium a green complex with 8-hydroxy quinoline 7-sulfonic acid with maximum absorbence at 610 mμ, stable in the pH range 3-4. The composition of the complex as established by three different methods spectrophotometrically is Fe(III) EHQS (where EHQS is the abreviation used for 8-hydroxy quinoline 7-sulfonic acid). The stability constant calculated by the methods of BANERJI and DEY (1) and themole-ratio method (2) was found to be log K = 3.8 ± 0.05 at 25°C and the heat of formation was found to be = -5.24 k. cal/mole at 25°C.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370507
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  • 20
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    Preparation of high purity 1,4-Dioxane, Tetrahydrofuran and Dimethoxyethane as solvents for organometallic compounds (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 1-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 1,4-Dioxan, Tetrahydrofuran and Dimethoxyäthan wurden unter Hochvakuum-Bedingungen über Kalium getrocknet und anschließend entgast. Die UV-Spektren und die elektrischen Leitfähigkeiten der hochgereinigten Äther wurden gemessen. Die Lösungsmittel konnten unter Hochvakuum-Bedingungen für einen beliebig langen Zeitraum ohne Veränderungen dieser physiko-chemischen Eigenschaften aufbewahrt werden. Behandlung mit Kalium unter Hochvakuum-Bedingungen führte zu einer teilweisen Spaltung der hochgereinigten Äther und hatte eine erhöhte elektrische Leitfähigkeit und Lichtabsorption zur Folge.
    Notes: 1,4-Dioxan, Tetrahydrofuran and Dimethoxyethan were dried over potassium and subsequently degassed, under high vacuum conditions. The u. v. spectra and the electric conductivities of the high purity ethers were measured. The solvents could be stored under high vacuum conditions for an unlimited period of time, without any changes of their physico-chemical properties. Treatment with potassium under high vacuum conditions caused a partial cleavage of the high purity ethers resulting in increased electric conductance and absorption of light.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370102
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  • 21
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    Über Synthesen in der Theophyllinreihe. XIII. Synthese von Theophyllin- und Coffein-mercapto-essig- und -propionsäuren (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 64-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird die Synthese neuer Theophyllin- und Coffein-mercapto-essig- und -propionsäuren sowie einiger Ester derselben beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370110
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  • 22
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    Electronic Resource
    Polymerisationsfähige und polymere Verbindungen. VIII. Über Darstellung und Reaktionen von p-Nitrosopolystyrol (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 91-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Über die Bildung von p-Nitrosopolystyrol bei der Reaktion von Polystyrolquecksilberacetat mit Nitrosylchlorid wird berichtet, und es werden einige Umsetzungen an p-Nitrosopolystyrol beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370113
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  • 23
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    Beiträge zur analytischen Chemie der Plaste. XLII. Über einige Besonderheiten der Oxiranringöffnung (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 113-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch kinetische Untersuchungen der Oxiranringöffnung mit Hilfe von Modellsubstanzen wird gefunden, daß die sterische Behinderung der Epoxidgruppe am Bicycloheptanring von Dicyclopentadien-dioxid bei der Reaktion mit Halogenwasserstoff in Dioxan nicht auf die Endomethylengruppe, sondern auf das während der Reaktion primär gebildete Halogenhydrin am Cyclopentanring zurückzuführen ist.Der starke Unterschied in der Reaktivität von HCl und HBr bei der Oxiranringöffnung von Dicyclopentadiendioxid in wasserfreiem bzw. wasserhaltigem Dioxan findet seine Erklärung in unterschiedlicher Protonenkonzentration des Reaktionsmediums. H0-Messungen mit verschiedenen Indikatoren liefern für HBr-Dioxan-Lösungen stets niedrigere H0-Werte als für entsprechende HCl-Dioxan-Lösungen.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370302
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370101
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  • 25
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    Über die Protonierung iso-π-elektronischer Thiotropone (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 41-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird die Protonierung der mit Thiotroponen iso-π-elektronischen Trithione (I), Isotrithione (II) und α-Dithiopyrone (III) sowie die Protonierung des Dithiobenzoesäure-methylesters (IV) und der cyclischen Trithiocarbonate (V) in wäßriger Schwefelsäure untersucht. Die H0-Werte der Halbprotonierung werden spektrophotometrisch abgeleitet und die Basizitäten mit den HMO-Elektronendichten verglichen.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370107
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  • 26
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    Synthese und Eigenschaften von Naphthalin-1,8-dialdehyd (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 72-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Umsetzungen von 1,8-Bis-brommethyl-naphthalin mit Dimethylsulfoxid, Na2S, NH3 und N-Bromsuccinimid werden beschrieben. Aus 1,8-Bis-dibrommethyl-naphthalin wurde über 1,3-Dimethoxy-1 H, 3H-naptho[1,8-cd]pyran und 1,3-Dihydroxy-1H,3H-naphtho[1,8-cd]pyran Naphthalin-1,8-dialdehyd dargestellt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370111
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370301
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  • 28
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    Polymerisationsfähige und polymere Verbindungen. IX. Ein Makromolekulares Polyradikal vom Diphenylstickstoffoxid-Typ (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 137-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird über die Darstellung eines makromolekularen Polyradikals vom Diphenylstickstoffoxid-Typ berichtet. Die Struktur wird durch UV- und ESR-Spektren belegt.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370304
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  • 29
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    Einige Reaktionen mit Salzen von Diselenoxanthogen- und Diselenokarbaminsäuren (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 200-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird über die Darstellung und Eigenschaften von Diselenoxanthogen-, Diselenokarbaminsäureestern, einigen Selenoharnstoffen und über die Reaktion von Diselenoxanthogenat mit Phosphoroxychlorid berichtet. Auf Versuche zur Darstellung von Bis(N,N-dialkylselenokarbamyl) diseleniden wird hingewiesen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370312
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  • 30
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    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of the Geometric Isomers of the 1,2,4-trimethylcyclohexanes (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 225-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The four geometric isomers of the 1,2,4-trimethylcyclohexanes, ctt, ctc, cct and ccc have been synthesized, characterized and their physical constants determined.In the course of the work the stereospecifity of a catalytic reduction method of some olefins and the WOLFF-KISHNER reduction of some ketones were demonstrated.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370502
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  • 31
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    Bestimmung von Zink in Pflanzen (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 234-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Für die Bestimmung von Zink in Pflanzensubstanzen eignen sich absorptionsflammen-photometrische und polarographische Methoden.Mit den zur Verfügung stehenden Gerätekombinationen konnten Messungen im Bereich von 1-5 μg Zn/ml bzw. 1-25 μg Zn/ml Meßlösung vorgenommen werden. Die Streubereiche betragen ±3,17 ppm bzw. ±3,25 ppm. Für die polarographische Bestimmung müssen störendes Phosphat und Sulfat durch Passage einer Kationenaustauschersäule abgetrennt werden. Die absorptionsflammenphotometrische Bestimmung wird durch die in Pflanzenproben vorliegenden Anionen und Kationen nicht gestört, sofern die Messung in 0,1 n HCl erfolgt. Für serienmäßige Arbeiten eignet sich das letztgenannte Verfahren besser, da mit dem polarographischen Verfahren bei gleicher Aufschlußprozedur nur die Hälfte an Bestimmungen geschafft wird. Dagegen ergibt sich bei diesem die Möglichkeit, in geringen Meßlösungsmengen von 0,5 ml zu messen. Die atomabsorptionsphotometrische Methode benötigt mindestens 3 ml Meßlösung.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370503
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  • 32
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    Synthese und Nachweis von Monoalkylhydrazinen (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 257-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Monoalkylhydrazine werden erhalten, indem man in wäßriger Lösung Cyclohexanon nd ein Alkylamin mit Hydroxylamin-O-sulfonsäure zu einem 1-alkyl-3,3-pentamethylendiaziridin umsetzt und dieses nach Extraktion mit Toluol ohne Isolierung zu Monoalkylhydrazin und Cyclohexanon hydrolysiert. Durch Umsetzung von Monoalkylhydrazinen mit Kaliumcyanat zu 2-Alkyl-semicarbaziden und deren Fällung mit p-Nitrobenzaldehyd lassen sich gut kristallisierende Derivate herstellen. Durch Aminierung mit Hydroxylamin O—N-disulfonsäure werden Monoalkylhydrazine zu Stickstoff und zum entsprechenden Alkan abgebaut; letzteres wird gaschromatographisch identifiziert.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370506
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  • 33
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    Zur Kenntnis der 2-Amino-1,3,4-oxidiazole. XXI. Über die Umsetzung von Aldonsäurehydraziden mit Bromcyan (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 269-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Umsetzung von Aldonsäurehydraziden mit Bromcyan entstehen 2-Amino-5-polyhydroxyalkyl-1,3,4-oxidiazole, die sich mit Wasser in die entsprechenden Semicarbazide, mit Laugen in die entsprechenden 1,2,4-Triazolone-(5) umwandeln lassen. Die Polyhydroxy-1,3,4-oxidiazole lassen sich total acetylieren.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370508
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    Ergänzung zur Mitteilung „Substitution am Azulen. I“ (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 301-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370513
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  • 35
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    Substitutionsreaktionen mit 5′-O-Arylsulfonyl-thymidinen (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 311-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es werden Versuche zur Darstellung 5′-substituierter Thymidine aus 5′-O-Arylsulfonylthymidinen beschrieben. Während die Knüpfung neuer C—O- oder von C—S-Bindungen nach Austritt der Arylsulfonyloxy-Gruppe am C-5′ prinzipiell möglich ist, wird bei Versuchen zur Knüpfung einer C—C-Bindung am C-5′ mit Kaliumcyanid O2,5′-Cyclo-thymidin erhalten. Mit Ammoniak reagieren die 5′-O-Arylsulfonyl-thymidine über O2,5′-Cyclothymidin zu 1-(2′-Desoxyribofuranosyl)-5-methyl-isocytosin und 5-Methylisocytosin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370515
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  • 36
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    Ein neues antifungales Hexaenantibiotikum. Hexamycin. I. Produktion, Isolierung und Reinigung des Hexamycins (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 9-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Der Hexamycinbildner 4/122 gehört zur Gattung Streptomyces. Für die Fermentation erwies sich ein Nährmedium mit Sojabohnenmehl am geeignetsten. Das Hexaenantibiotikum wurde aus dem Myzel mit Methanol und aus dem Kulturfiltrat mit n-Butanol extrahiert. Nach Abtrennen eines „ätherlöslichen Antibiotikums“ wurde das Rohprodukt mit Wasser extrahiert und durch Craig-Verteilung im System n-Propanol-Äther-Wasser (1:3:3) gereinigt. Lyophilisation aus tert.-Amylalkohol führte zu einer gelben, amorphen. Substanz.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380102
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  • 37
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    Peptide. VI. Synthese eines Pentapeptids mit modifizierter potentieller Circulin B-Sequenz (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 50-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird die Synthese des vollständig geschützten Pentapeptids BOC-Orn(Z)-D-Leu-Ile-Orn(Z)-Orn(Z)-OMe beschrieben. Der Aufbau gelingt vorteilhaft durch stufenweise Synthese vom Carboxylende her unter Benutzung der Carbodiimid-, gemischten Anhydrid und Nitrophenylester-Methode.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380106
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  • 38
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    Synthese von Dipeptiden einiger β-Aminosäuren über α-Diazoketone (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 88-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die WOLFF-Umlagerung der 1-Phthaloylamino-3-diazo-alkanone-(2) I a-d in Gegenwart von Anilin, DL-α-Phenyläthylamin, DL-β-Amino-β-phenyl-propionsäureäthylester and DL-Phenylalaninestern unter katalytischer Wirkung von Silberoxid oder durch Photolyse führt zu Derivaten des β-Alanins, der β-Amino-α-methyl-propionsäure, der β-Amino-α-äthyl-propionsäure und der β-Amino-β-phenyl-propionsäure. Die Verseifung der Estergruppierung der auf diesem Wege zugänglichen β-Phthaloylamino-propionyl-aminosäureester und anschließende Hydrazinolyse gibt die entweder aus zwei β-Aminosäuren oder einer β- und einer α-Aminosäure aufgebauten Dipeptide.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380110
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  • 39
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    Infrared Studies of Mixed Ligand Complexes of mercuric cyanide (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 119-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The structure of (i) NaHg(CN)2(Cl)(H2O), (ii) NaHg(CN)2(Br)(H2O), (iii) NaHg(CN)2(CNS)(H2O), (iv) KHg(CN)2(Br) and (v) KHg(CN)2(CNS) has been studied by infrared spectroscopy. The structure of the anions of I, III and V complexes have been derived on the basis of characteristic absorption frequencies and other known properties and of II and IV on the basis of analogy as the CN groups in these complexes are infrared inactive. CN in these anions are linked as cyanide groups and SCN as isothiocyanate group in V. In III SCN is present both as thiocyanate and isothiocyanate group. III is monomeric with water as a coordinating group. In I and II water is not expected to be a ligand to Hg. Anions of I, II, IV and V are predominantly dimeric with CN as bridging group in the first three and SCN in V.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380302
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  • 40
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    Electronic Resource
    Über eine neue Synthese von Thiapyronen-(2) (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 142-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird über eine einfache und verallgemeinerungsfähige Synthese von Derivaten des Thiapyrons-(2) berichtet. Die Darstellung gelingt durch Umsetzung der β-Mercaptoverbindungen α, β-ungesättigter Carbonsäureester mit monosubstituierten Malonylchloriden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380306
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  • 41
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    Electronic Resource
    IR-spektroskopische Untersuchung von N-Acyl-1,3-N,O-Heterocyclen und 2-Alkyl-thiazolinen-2 bzw.- -thiazinen-2 (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 177-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird gezeigt, daß für N-Acyl-oxazolidine, -1,3-tetrahydrooxazine, -1,3-hexahydrooxazepine, 2-Alkyl-Δ2-thiazoline und 2-Alkyl-Δ2-thiazine Absorptionen im Bereich zwischen 900 und 1000 cm-1 charakteristisch sind. Diese Verbindungen wurden außerdem gaschromatographisch untersucht.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380311
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  • 42
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    Zum Verlauf der Oxydation von Olefinen in flüssiger Phase. I. Untersuchungen über den Verlauf der ozoninitiierten Oxydation von Dodecen-1 (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 199-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird über Untersuchungen des Verlaufs der Oxydation bei geradkettigen Monoolefinen am Modell Dodecen-1 berichtet, insbesondere über den stimulierenden Einfluß eines Zusatzes von Ozon zum Oxydationsgas auf den Reaktionsablauf.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380314
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  • 43
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    Electronic Resource
    Mixed Ligand Derivatives of Th-EDTA Chelate with some monohydroxy - mono-carboxylic acids (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 246-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Interaction of the 1:1 Th-EDTA diaquo chelate with lactic, mandelic, o-hydroxy naphthoic acids has been investigated by the potentiometric technique. Formation of the mixed ligand chelate derivatives was indicated above pH 5.5. Equilibrium constants of the reactions have been determined.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380318
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  • 44
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    Electronic Resource
    Methods for the Determination of Trace Impurities in nickel: Boron, chloride, sulfide and sulfate (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 262-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method for the analysis of microgram quantities of chloride and sulfate in nickel and nickel nitrate is given. The reliability of the method has been shown by a quantitative recovery of added chloride and sulfate from a solution of nickel nitrate. The method is being applied for the determination of these impurities in electrodeposited nickel. Methods are also given for the determination of boron and sulfide, found as impurities, in the electrodeposited nickel.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380503
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  • 45
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    An Spectroscopic Investigation of Complex Formation in nickel sulphate-aliphatic amine system (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 289-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Visible absorption spectra of Nickel (II) sulphate and various aliphatic amines were analysed, in order to extract information regarding each of amine Nickel (II) complex. The presence of six different complexes i.e., mono, di, tri, tetra, penta and hexamines have been indicated by the shift of absorption maxima for these. The energy changes of complexes due to exchange of water ligands with amines have been calculated and an interpretation is offered for this shift in the observed position of absorption maxima.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380508
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  • 46
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    Formation of complex compounds between uranyl nitrate and nitrate of the second group elements. The system: Hg2(NO3)2—UO2(NO3)2—H2O (conductivity, refractive index, spectrophotometry and pH) (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 301-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A study of the physicochemical properties like refractive index, spectrophotometry, conductivity and pH measurements of a series of mixed solutions of uranyl nitrate and mercurous nitrate have shown the existence of two complexes in solution in the (1:1) and (1:2) molecular ratios respectively viz. \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \begin{array}{*{20}c} {{\rm UO}_2 \left({{\rm NO}_3 } \right)_2 \cdot {\rm Hg}_2 \left({{\rm NO}_3 } \right)_2,} \hfill & {\left({\rm i} \right)} \hfill \\ {{\rm UO}_2 \left({{\rm NO}_3 } \right)_2 \cdot 2{\rm Hg}_2 \left({{\rm NO}_3 } \right)_2,} \hfill & {\left({{\rm ii}} \right)} \hfill \end{array} $$\end{document}Both the above mentioned compounds have been detected only in the solution by the breaks in the usual curves when various properties like conductivity, refractive index, spectrophotometry and pH were plotted against the m.l. of mercuric nitrate (M/10) added to a fixed volume of uranyl nitrate (M/10).
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380510
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  • 47
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    Electronic Resource
    Amperometric Determination of Vanadium (V) as copper orthovanadate (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 358-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A rapid amperometric method for the determination of vanadium (V) has been described which involves titration of vanadium (V) as sodium orthovanadate against copper sulphate solution at Ede = - 0.20 V (vs S.C.E.). The accuracy and reproducability of the method is excellent particularly at higher temperature i.e. at 60°C. The method permits the determination of vanadium (V) down to 0.2 mM with an accuracy 1.0%).
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380517
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  • 48
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    Electronic Resource
    Preparation, Absorption Spectra and Electronic Configuration of some amino complexes of nickel (II) acetate (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 366-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Three hexaco-ordinated complexes of nickel (II) acetate with ammonia, ethylenediamine and propylenediamine have been prepared. Conductivity measurements indicate the complexes to be non-electrolytes. Molecular weight measurements confirm this. The visible absorption spectrophotometric measurements show a number of bands corresponding to the various permitted transitions of the metal and a discussion of the structure in the light of these transitions is presented.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380519
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  • 49
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    Inorganic Co-ordination Compounds of tetravalent cerium complexes of cerium (IV) sulphate with primary aliphatic amines (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 375-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Some complexes of cerium (IV) sulphate with ammonia and primary aliphatic amines have been prepared. The molecular formulae on the basis of analysis turn out to be Ce(SO4)2 · 4 amine. The complexes behave as electrolytes. The absorption spectra have been recorded and an interpretation is offered for possible transitions.Lanthanides, and cerium in particular are receiving special attention these days. A number of complexes of latter with various ligands and anions have been reported1-5). In the present paper some complexes of cerium (IV) sulphate with ammonia, methyl, ethyl, propyl and butylamine are being presented.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380521
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  • 50
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    Cyanoethylation of Sulphonamides (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 369-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Some substituted sulphonamides have been cyanoethylated and they were subjected to reduction. On hydrolysis with aqueous and alcoholic sodium hydroxide the cyanoethylated sulphonamides gave decyanoethylated products identical to the original sulphonamides.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380520
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  • 51
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    Reactions of Cobalt (II) Oxalate with Primary Aliphatic Amines (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 378-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Some molecular addition compounds of cobalt (II) oxalate with primary aliphatic amines have been prepared. The general molecular formula on the basis of analysis of constituent elements turn out to be CoC2O4 · RNH2. The formation of compounds is independent of the excess amine concentration. The compounds behave as electrolytes. The molecular weight measurements and VAN'T HOFF factor “i” also confirm this fact.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380522
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  • 52
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    Furano Compounds. XIIIForms part of the material for the Ph. D. thesis to be submitted by A. NAGANAGOUD to the Karnatak University, Dharwar. S. India. (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 386-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis of 3-methyl-6,7-benzo-5′(4′)-methyl furano-(2′,3′,1,2) xanthones has been recorded.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380524
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  • 53
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    Magnetic Susceptibility, ultraviolet and visible Absorption Spectra of co-ordination complexes of iron (III) phthalimide with primary and secondary aliphatic amines (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 382-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The co-ordination compounds of tripositive iron with nitrogen containing ligands have been found to be of high spin type on the basis of magnetism. The ultraviolet and visible absorption measurements show three bands in the vicinity of 21 400 cm-1, 17 480 cm-1 and 10 650 cm-1.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 54
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    Synthesen von 2-Alkyl-cycloalkandionen-(1,3) durch FRIEDEL-CRAFTS-Acylierungen (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 391-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 5- und 6-gliedrige 2-Alkyl-cycloalkandione-(1, 3) erhält man durch Umsetzung von Dicarbonsäurehalogeniden mit Carbonsäuren oder von Carbonsäurehalogeniden mit Dicarbonsäuren unter FRIEDEL-CRAFTS-Bedingungen.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380525
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  • 55
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    Zur Darstellung der 2-Methylmercapto-4-methylphenylarsonsäure (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 34-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird über Darstellung, Analyse und einige Eigenschaften der 2-Methylmercapto-4-methylphenylarsonsäure berichtet. Folgende Reaktionswege führten zum Ziel: (a) 4-Methylanilin → 2-Nitro-4-methylanilin → 2-Nitro-4-methylphenylarsonsäure → 2-Amino-4-methylphenylarsonsäure → 2-Methylmercapto-4-methylphenylarsonsäure; (b) 4-Methylanilin → 2-Amino-6-methylbenzthiazol → 2-Mercapto-4-methylanilin (alkalische Lösung) → 2-Methylmercapto-4-methylanilin → 2-Methylmercapto-4-methylphenylarsonsäure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380104
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  • 56
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    Darstellung einiger Adipinsäureester des Glycerins und des Trimethylolpropans (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 162-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Umsetzung der Acetonketale des Glycerins und des Trimethylolpropans mit Adipinsäureanhydrid liefert Adipinmono- und -diester. Durch nachfolgende Abspaltung der Acetonschutzgruppierungen gelangt man zu Mono-[2, 3-dihydroxypropyl]-adipat, Bis-[2, 3-dihydroxypropyl]-adipat, Mono-[2, 2-dihydroxymethyl-butyl]-adipat, Bis-[2, 2-dihydroxymethyl-butyl]-adipat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380309
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  • 57
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    Untersuchungen über ein antifungales Hexaenantibiotikum, Hexamycin. II. Eigenschaften des Hexamycins (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 20-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Das UV-Spektrum des Hexamycins besitzt Maxima bei 336, 356 und 376 nm. Im IR-Spektrum ist die typische Bande der Makrolid-Polyenantibiotika bei 1712 cm-1 enthalten. Der Schmelzpunkt beträgt 120-125°C, das Äquivalentgewicht 824, die Molmasse liegt zwischen 700 und 800. Hexamycin ist in polaren organischen Lösungsmitteln löslich und unlöslich in Wasser und nicht polaren Lösungsmitteln. Lösungen der Substanz verlieren ihre antibiotische Aktivität sowohl durch Erhitzen als auch bei längerem Stehen. Von 21 geprüften Mikroorganismen, vorwiegend Pilze, werden weit über die Hälfte durch 2-32 μg/ml gehemmt. Der Einfluß des Hexamycins auf die Polyphenoloxydase- und Peroxydaseaktivität ist gering. Die Atmung von Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen wird durch Hexamycin beträchtlich gemindert.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380103
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    Konformationsanalyse von 1,2-Aminoalkoholen durch synparallele Cyclisierung mit Ketonen (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 57-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Ergebnisse von Gleichgewichts- und kinetischen Messungen der syn-parallelen Cyclisierung diastereomerer 1,2-Aminoalkohole mit Ketonen werden diskutiert. Es wird gezeigt, daß in der Mehrzahl der untersuchten Fälle sterische Faktoren die Gleichgewichtslage und die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit entscheidend beeinflussen.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380107
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  • 59
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    Zur Reaktivität von Carbonyl- und Thiocarbonylgruppe im Monothio-dibenzoylmethan (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 101-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Monothio-dibenzoylmethan ist wesentlich reaktionsfähiger als Dibenzoylmethan. Die üblichen Carbonylreagenzien greifen stets zuerst die Thiocarbonylgruppe an. Die Monokondensationsprodukte sind daher schwefelfrei. Wenn sich Bis-kondensationsprodukte bilden, wird zuerst H2S und dann H2O abgespalten. Die Umlagerung der Enol-Form des Monothio-dibenzoylmethans in die Enthiol-Form erfolgt wahrscheinlich direkt und nicht über die Oxo-thioxo-Form.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380111
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  • 60
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    Decolourization of Crystal Violet induced by ultrasonic waves (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 130-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: High frequency ultrasonic waves of frequency 1 Mc/s. have been employed to study the decolourization of dilute aqueous solution of crystal violet. The process is irreversible and the kinetic study shows it to be unimolecular one. The deaeration of the solution by nitrogen does not affect the rate of the decolourization. The addition of certain substances such as alcohol, acetone, ether, glycerine, dioxan and allylthiourea inhibits the decolourization to a considerable extent. Oxidation and subsequent destruction of the dye molecule has been found to be the cause of the fading of the dye solution.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380304
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  • 61
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    Präparative Methoden zur Darstellung ätherischer Titantetramethyllösungen (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 147-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ätherische Titantetramethyllösungen lassen sich einfach durch Einwirkung von Titan(IV)-chlorid auf Methylmagnesiumhalogenidlösungen darstellen. Geeignete Apparaturen werden im folgenden beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380307
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  • 62
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    Stickstoffhaltige Steroide. XXI. Isomerisierungsreaktionen der epimeren 2,3-Benzoylimino-cholestane (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 168-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2α, 3α- und 2β, 3β- Benzoylimino-cholestan werden durch Natriumjodid in siedendem Aceton zu 2′-Phenyl-(2α, 3α)-oxazolino-[5′, 4′:2, 3]-cholestan bzw. 2′-Phenyl-(2β, 3β)-oxazolino-[5′, 4′:3, 2]-cholestan umgelagert. Mit Bortrifluoridätherat in absolutem Äther bildet 2α, 3α-Benzoylimino-cholestan ebenfalls 2′-Phenyl-(2α, 3α)-oxazolino-[5′, 4′:2, 3]-cholestan. Dagegen erfolgt durch verdünnte Schwefelsäure oder Pikrinsäure in Aceton sowie durch Benzoesäureanhydrid oder Pikrinsäure in Alkohol Ringöffnung zu 2-Hydroxybzw. Alkoxybenzamiden. Die Ringschlußreaktion des diaxialen 2β-Chlor-3α-benzaminocholestan führt mit Natriumhydrogenkarbonat zum Oxazolin, während mit Kaliumhydroxid 2α, 3α-Imino-cholestan entsteht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380310
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    Zum Verlauf der Oxydation von Olefinen in flüssiger Phase. II. Zur Bildung von Epoxiden (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 207-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird über Untersuchungen zur Epoxidbildung bei der Oxydation geradkettiger Olefine berichtet. Diese kann durch Zusatz von Ozonid oder Carbonyl auf über 50% des umgesetzten Olefins erhöht werden.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380315
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  • 64
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    α-Aminosäuren und Derivate. II. Isonitrilreaktionen mit Glyoxylsäurederivaten (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 192-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Carboxyl- bzw. Aldehyd-geschützte Glyoxylsäurederivate wurden für Isonitril-Reaktionen nach UGI eingestzt: Glyoxylsäureamide gaben je nach Reaktionskomponenten Diamide der Aminomalonsäure oder Derivate des Tetrazolyglycins. - Acetale von Glyoxyloylaminosäureamiden (9a, b) wurden aus Dialkoxyessigsäure gewonnen. Das analog aus Dichloressigsäure zugängliche Dichloracetylderivat 9c gab mit Amin ein Aminal, das sich ebenso wie 9a sauer zum entsprechenden 2-Hydroxypiperazin-dion-(3,6) 11a hydrolysieren ließ. - Lävulinsäure konnte mit Amin/Isonitril zu Pyrrolidon-5-carbonsäureamiden cyclisiert Werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370311
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    Zur Synthese von aliphatischen Vinyl-Keto-Verbindungen (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 37 (1968), S. 302-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Aminomethylierun von aliphatischen α-Keto-dicarbonsäurediäthylestern und Dicarbonsäurediäthylestern mit mittelständiger Ketofunktion ergab Dimethylaminomethyl-keto-dicarbonsäurediäthylester, deren Hydrochloride thermolytisch in die entsprechenden Methylen-keto-dicarbonsäurediäthylester übergeführt wurden.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680370514
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  • 66
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    The Nature of Sulphur Compound Types in Bakr crude oil (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A detailed analytical scheme for the determination of different sulphur compound types in Bakr crude oil distillate fractions up to 350°C was carried out. The quantitative distribution of elemental sulphur, hydrogen sulphide, mercaptans, aliphatic sulphides, aromatic sulphides, reducible and thiophenic sulphur compound types was studied.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380101
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  • 67
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    Über Sultame XIII. Sultame von Xylidinen, von 2-Aminoanthrachinon und von p-Aminosalicylsäure (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 40-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Synthese von Sultamen des p-Xylidins, des 2-Amino-1,3-dimethylbenzols, des 2-Aminoanthrachinons, der p-Aminosalicylsäure und der m-Aminosalicylsäure und einiger ihrer Derivate wird beschrieben. Aus den Butadien-(1,3)-sultamen von zwei Xylidinen konnten die entsprechenden N-Dimethylphenyl-pyrrole hergestellt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380105
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  • 68
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    Über die Darstellung von N,N′-Dialkylharnstoffen und Alkylisocyanaten aus Alkylhalogeniden und Alkalicyanaten (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 77-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Reaktion von primären langkettigen Alkylhalogeniden mit Alkalicyanat in Dimethylformamid verläuft in Gegenwart stöchiometrischer Wassermengen schnell und vollständig zu den entsprechenden N,N′-Dialkylharnstoffen. Langkettige α,ω-Dihalogenalkane setzen sich analog zu den entsprechenden Polyharnstoffen um. Sekundäre Alkylhalogenide lassen sich mit schlechteren Ausbeuten in verzweigte N,N′-Dialkylharnstoffe überführen. Die als Zwischenprodukte zu erwartenden Alkylisocyanate konnten isoliert werden.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380109
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    Über heteroorganische Verbindungen. XXVIII. O,O-Dialkyl-S-(aryl-disulfido)-dithiophosphate (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 113-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird eine neue Gruppe thiophosphororganischer Verbindungen O,O-Dialkyl-S-(aryldisulfido)-dithiophosphate und deren IR-Spektren berichtet.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380301
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    BECKMANN-Umlagerung und Fragmentierung. II. Teil. Versuche zur 7-Zentren-Fragmentierung von γ-Aminoketoximen. Fragmentierungsreaktionen, 19. Mitteilung (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 153-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The occurrence of so-called synchronous 7-centre-fragmentation has been excluded for γ-amino-ketoxime derivatives N—C—C—C—C=N—X. Fragmentation may occur, however, by another route.Reaction rates of the p-toluenesulfonates of (4-quinuclidinyl)-methyl-ketoxime (10b) and (3β-tropanyl)-methyl-ketoxime (14b) in 80% ethanol and the resulting products have been determined. Whereas the latter γ-aminoketoxime underwent quantitative BECKMANN rearrangement to 3β-acetylaminotropane (29), the former yielded 3% fragmentation products besides rearranged 4-acetylamino-quinuclidine (13).A kinetic study reveals that both 10b and 14b react via the rearranged nitrilium ions 12a and 16a, respectively. In the case of the N-(4-quinuclidinyl)-acetonitrilium ion (12a) 5-centre-fragmentation competes with hydration to the amide 13.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510116
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    Methode zur Konstitutionsaufklärung der Reaktionsprodukte der Umsetzung von Cellulose mit Formaldehyd. 18. Mitteilung über textilchemische Untersuchungen [1]Zum Teil vorgetragen am 3. Internationalen Textilchemie-Symposium über Hochveredlung des Schweiz. Vereins der Chemiker-Coloristen (SVCC) in Zürich, 15. März 1967, und an der Cotton Finishing Conference des National Cotton Council of America in Washington, 27. Sept. 1967. (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 169-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: (1) A method is described which allows the elucidation of the structure of cotton cross-linked with formaldehyde. It consists of a permethylation process (5 methylations with dimethyl sulphate and sodium hydroxide in dimethyl sulphoxide, followed by two exchange methylations of the formalised sodium cellulosate with methyl iodide in n-butanol), hydrolysis of the product in 72% sulphuric acid to the respective methylated glucoses, reduction of the mixture of glucoses to the respective sorbitols, blocking of all free hydroxyl groups by acetylation, trifluoroacetylation or formation of trimethylsilyl ethers, and vapour phase chromatographic separation of the derivatives.(2) It is shown that after permethylation practically no free hydroxyl groups can be detected and that scarcely any replacement of methylene or oxymethylene cross-links by methyl groups has taken place. With the exception of losses in filtration of the permethylation product, all stages of the process proceed on an almost quantitative basis.
    Additional Material: 9 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510118
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    Thermische Umwandlung von Phenyl-penta-2,4-dienyläthern in 4-[Penta-2,4-dienyl]-phenole als Beispiel für [5,5]-sigmatropische Umlagerungen. Vorläufige MitteilungEine ausführliche Mitteilung soll in dieser Zeitschrift erscheinen. (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 190-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction between phenol and trans penta-2,4-dienyl chloride gave trans penta-2,4-dienyl Phenyl ether (I), whereas with a mixture of sorbyl chloride and 1-methylpenta-2,4-dienyl chloride, pure trans, trans hexa-2,4-dienyl phenyl ether (IV) and trans 1-methylpenta-2,4-dienyl phenyl ether (V) were obtained. The ether I gave, on heating in dilute solution at 185°, 4-(penta-2,4-dienyl)-phenol (III) as the main product, and also some 2-(2-vinylallyl)-phenol (II). The ether IV provided, on heating at 165°, in addition to the ortho CLAISEN rearrangement product VI, mainly a mixture consisting of 94% 4-(1-methylpenta-2,4-dienyl)-phenol (VIII) and only 6% 4-(hexa-2,4-dineyl)-phenol(IX). The latter product (IX) was the only para isomer produced on heating ether V, but in addition 22% of the ortho rearrangement product VII was formed.The migrations I → III, IV → VIII, and V → IX, proceeding through a ten membered transition state, are the first [5,5] sigmatropic rearrangements described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510120
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    Totalsynthese des neuen Leguminosen-Alkaloids HystrinAuszug aus einem Teil der Diss. Weber[1]. 16. Mitteilung über Leguminosen-Alkaloide15. Mitteilung: [2]. (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 206-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A total synthesis of hystrine has been realised with good yield by the introduction of a double link into the piperidine nucleus of synthetic ammodendrine, followed by deacetylation, and purification with the aid of the nitroso derivative.The identity of the synthetic product with authentic hystrine was established by its chromatographic behaviour, by UV.-, IR.- and mass spectra as well as by the properties of its nitroso derivative. Thus the proposed structure of hystrine as 3-(2, 3, 4, 5-tetrahydropyrid-6-yl)-1, 4, 5, 6-tetrahydropyridine (V) is proved.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510123
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    Schmelzreaktionen mit Aluminiumchlorid 4. Mitteilung [1]. Thermische Analyse des Systems Pyridin-AluminiumchloridVorgetragen am 3. Internationalen Farbensymposium in Interlaken (16.-19. Mai 1967). (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 85-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The phase diagram of the technical important fusion system pyridine-aluminiumchloride was determined by classical thermo-analysis, proving the existance of a hitherto unknown pyridine-aluminium chloride 2:1 complex.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510109
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    Struktur der Pachybiose und Asclepobiose. Desoxyzucker, 44. Mitteilung43. Mitteilung:Kapur & Allgeier [1]. (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 311-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Pachybiose (1) is shown to be 4-O-(3-O-methyl-6-deoxy-β-D-allopyranosyl)-D-oleandrose and asclepobiose (14) 4-O-(3-O-methyl-6-deoxy-β-D-allopyranosyl)-D-cymarose.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510210
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    Synthese und Eigenschaften von 2-(α-Hydroxyalkyl)-und 2-(α-alkoxycarbonyl)-substituierten 4-Methyl-5-(β-hydroxyäthyl)-thiazolen und -thiazoliumsalzenVon J. Kiss vorgetragen am «Internationalen Symposium über die Chemie der Kohlenhydrate», Münster (Westf.), am 13.-17. Juli 1964 und an der Sommertagung der Schweizerischen Chemischen Gesellschaft in Zürich, am 10. Oktober 1964. (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 325-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Condensation of the tetrahydropyranyl ether of the α-hydroxyalkyl-thioamides with 3-bromo-4-hydroxy-2-pentanones yields DL-2-(α-hydroxyalkyl)-4-methyl-5-(β-hydroxyethyl)-thiazoles. By oxidation with chromic anhydride 2-hydroxymethyl-4-methyl-5-(β-acetoxyethyl)-thiazole yields the corresponding 2-formyl derivative. The latter compound reacted with GRIGNARD complexes gives the homologous DL-2-(α-hydroxyalkyl)-4-methyl-5-(β-hydroxyethyl)-thiazoles. This is a general method for the synthesis of the thiazole part of the «active aldehydes».2-Acetyl-4-methyl-5-(β-hydroxyethyl)-thiazole is also obtained by chromic oxidation of the suitable methylthiazol-2-yl-carbinol.The condensation of the thioamides obtained from the α-ethoxycarbonyl-nitriles with 3-bromo-5-acetoxy-2-pentanone results in the DL-2-(α-ethoxycarbonyl-alkyl)-4-methyl-5-(β-acetoxyethyl)-thiazoles. The α-hydroxyl function is introduced into the 2-(α-ethoxycarbonyl-alkyl) group by chlorination with sulfuryl chloride and replacement of the introduced chlorine by acetate. The latter compounds are the esters of the thiazole part of the «active α-oxo-carboxylic acids» (e.g. active pyruvate, etc.).The reaction of 2-(α-hydroxyalkyl)-4-methyl-5-(β-hydroxyethyl)-thiazoles and 2-(α-ethoxycarbonyl-α-acetoxy-alkyl)-4-methyl-5-(β-acetoxyethyl)-thiazoles, respectively, with alkyl, alkenyl and aralkyl haloids, or with 2-methyl-4-amino-5-bromomethyl-pyrimidine hydrobromide results in the quaternary thiazolium compounds belonging to the group of the active aldehydes, active α-oxo-carboxylic acids, etc. According to this method 2-hydroxymethyl-thiamine bromide hydro-bromide has been synthesized, which can be considered as the pyrophosphate-free «active formal-dehyde».The 2-α-hydrogen atom in 2-(α-hydroxyalkyl)-thiazolium compounds cannot be replaced by deuterium under conditions similar to those used for the H → D exchange in thiamine.The main peaks in the mass spectra of 2-(α-hydroxyalkyl) substituted thiazoles and thiazolium quaternary salts are listed.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    Sur les relations entre structure polypeptidique et activité Strépogénique. 1. Peptides de la cystine (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 1-16 
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    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The authors propose for the characterization of strepogenic substances of known composition the specific activity, i. e. the number of WOOLLEY units per μmole.Starting from L-leucyl-L-cystinyl-L-leucyl-L-valyl-L-glutamic acid (of very high strepogenine activity, 400 WOOLLEY units per mg, 230 WOOLLEY units per μmole) seven peptides have been synthesized by suppression and/or replacement of amino acid residues. A study of the relation between activity and structure of these peptides shows that: In this group cystine is an indispensable element for activity.This amino acid must either be linked on each side to leucine residues or linked by its carboxyles to leucine, its amino groups being free.From these results, the conception emerges that the strepogenine polypeptides may be characterized by an amino acid (in this group of peptides, cystine) which must be linked to particular amino acid residues. If this conception is correct, there should exist several types of strepogenines depending on the nature of the amino acid essential for their activity.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    Über primäre Disazofarbstoffe mit Aminonaphtol-sulfonsäurenVorgetragen am 3. Int. Symposium für Farbenchemie in Interlaken; 17. Mai 1967. (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 67-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Disazo dyes from 6-amino-1-hydroxy-naphthalene-3-sulfonic acid (J acid) were synthesized by coupling ortho-hydroxy monoazo dyes with different diazonium compounds in acid medium (dyes No 3-14. A second coupling to the ortho position of the amino group was also possible with the copper complexes of o,o' -dihydroxy monoazo dyes from 8-amino-1-hydroxynaphthalene-3,6-disulfonic acid (H acid) dyes No 19-22). This is a reversal of the well known rule that the formation of disazo dyes with aminonaphthol-sulfonic acids is only practicable when an acid coupling is followed by an alkaline one. 5-Amino-1-hydroxy-naphthalene-3-sulfonic acid (M acid), which is said to form no disazo dyes, could be coupled twice with several diazonium compounds to yield disazo dyes (dyes No 24, 26, 27, 29).
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510106
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    Die Kinetik der Murexid-Komplexbildung mit Kationen verschiedenen Koordinationscharakters (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 94-105 
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    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetics of the reaction of murexide with different divalent metal ions of class A and B have been measured by the temperature-jump-relaxation method. The second-order formation rate constant increases in the sequence Ni2+ 〈 Co2+ 〈 Mn2+ 〈 Zn2+ 〈 Cd2+ ˜ Cu2+ ˜ Ca2+ 〈 Sr2+ 〈 Ba2+ 〈 Pb2+.Thermodynamic data obtained from kinetic and equilibrium studies, respectively, are in good agreement. The results are compared with the characteristic rate constants for H2O-exchange in the inner coordination sphere of these metal ions, which follow the same sequence. The rate constants of the reaction of murexide with various trivalent metal ions, including the lanthanides, are also discussed in terms of current ideas on metal complex formation.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510111
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    Die Pregnanderivate der Samen von Dregea abyssinica (HOCHST.) K. Schum. (Asclepiadaceae)Auszug aus Dissertation Ajay S. Bhatnagar, Basel 1967.. II. Strukturbestimmungen Glykoside und Aglykone, 305. Mitteilung304. Mitt. s. vorstehende Mitteilung [1]. (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 133-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The total or partial structure determinations of some new components from Dregea abyssinica are reported. The four drebyssogenins (F, G, J and H) are esters of the drevogenins P (7) and D(9) and have the following structures: Drebyssogenin F (5) = 11-O-acetyl-12-O-(α-hydroxyisovaleryl)-drevogenin P, drebyssogenin G (14) = 11-O-acetyl-12-O-isovaleryl-drevogenin D, drebyssogenin J (15) = 11, 12-di-O-acetyl-drevogenin D. Drebyssogenin K is a mixture of K1 (16) and K2 (17), the mono-O-tiglyl and mono-O-isovaleryl derivatives of drevogenin D respectively, with as yet undetermined position of the acyl residues. The drebyssosides 1, 2 and 3 are glycosides of trisaccharides. Drebyssoside 1 (2) is pachybiosyl-cymarosyl-drevogenin A, drebyssoside 2 (3) asclepobiosyl-cymarosyl-drevogenin A and drebyssoside 3 (6) pachybiosyl-cymarosyl-drebyssogenin F. Drebyssoside 4 is a mixture of at least two components and contains the same aglycones and the same sugar units as the drebyssosides 1 and 3, but is different from them. The full structure of the two sugars (drebyssobiose (25) and sugar T (24)) has not been determined; it is only shown that both are disaccharides which contain 3-O-methyl-6-deoxy-allose linked to a 2-deoxyhexose.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510114
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  • 81
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    Charakterisierung einer neuen organo-metallischen Titan-Zink- Verbindung (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 526-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new organo-metallic titanium-zinc compound [Ti(C5H5)2Cl]2ZnCl2 has been isolated. Its structure has been characterised by means of spectroscopic, susceptibility and dipole measurements.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510315
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  • 82
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    Das Protonenresonanzspektrum von orientiertem Furan in nematisch-kristallinflüssiger Lösung (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 529-532 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The proton spectrum of furan oriented in the nematic phase of anisoleazophenyl-n-capronate has been analysed. The ratios of the various interproton distances as well as the orientation parameters and the signs of the indirect coupling constants for furan are determined.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510316
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  • 83
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    Über die Struktur von Imidazolin- und Imidazolidin-Derivaten aus 2-Amino-2-desoxy-hexosen (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 569-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In earlier publications [1] [2] [3] [4] a pyranoid structure has been proposed for the sugar moiety of imidazoline and imidazolidine derivatives from D-glucosamine. But by NMR.-spectra and periodate oxidation the sugar moiety of these compounds and of similar derivatives from other 2-amino-2-deoxy-sugars is now shown to be of furanoid structure.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510325
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  • 84
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    Errata (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 598-598 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510329
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  • 85
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    Masthead (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510501
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  • 86
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    Zur Theorie grosser Molekeln. I. Revision der Grundlagen der QuantenchemieVorgetragen am 4. Symposium über theoretische Chemie, Elmau, April 1968. (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 1037-1051 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The present day quantum chemistry is mathematically based on von NEUMANN'S formulation of quantum mechanics and therefore not able to deal correctly with anomal quantum states. A general theory of large molecules and large molecular systems has to be founded on quantum field theory allowing for inequivalent irreducible representations. It is proposed to formulate quantum chemistry in the framework of the B*-algebra of the observables. The paradox of molecular systems having an infinite number of degrees of freedom is discussed, and the possible significance of anomal molecular quantum states for molecular biology is pointed out.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510505
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  • 87
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    Oxetane von A-nor-Steroiden: 2α, 5-Oxido-A-nor-5α-cholestan, 2β, 5-Oxido-A-nor-5β-cholestan und 2α-Äthyl-2β, 2′-oxido-A-nor-5α-cholestanAuszugsweise vorgetragen am «Second International Congress on Hormonal Steroids», Milano, 23.-26. Mai 1966, Abstracts p. 21. Vgl. auch [1]. (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 1068-1081 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Treatment of 2β-tosyloxy-A-nor-5α-cholestane-5-ol (2) with t-butoxide in t-butanol gave 2α, 5-epoxy-A-nor-5α-cholestane (3) in quantitative yield.When A-nor-5β-cholestane-2α, 5-diol (4) was treated with tosyl chloride in pyridine 2β-chloro-A-nor-5β-cholestane-5-ol (7) and 2α-tosyloxy-A-nor-5β-cholestane-5-ol (8) were obtained. Whereas the chloride 7 was resistant to t-butoxide the tosylate 8 was transformed into an 1 : 1 mixture of 2α, 5-epoxy-5β-cholestane (10) and 2ξ-t-butoxy-A-nor-5β-cholestane-5-ol (11). In 2α-tosyloxy-A-nor-5α-cholestane-5-ol (12) substitution occurred as the only reaction.Both oxetanes 3 and 10 isomerize after heating above 50° and in polar or protic solvents to form A-nor-Δ3(5)-cholestene-2α-ol (6) and -2β-ol (14) respectively. Also, 2, 5-diols are encountered.2α-Ethyl-2β, 2′-epoxy-A-nor-5α-cholestane (23) was synthesized starting from A-nor-5α-cholestane-2-one (17). The intermediates were the ester 16, the diol 18, the hydroxy-tosylate 19 and the chlorhydrin 20. The spirocyclic oxetane 23 was reduced by LiAlH4 in dioxane (not in ether). By chromatography on silica gel 23 was isomerized to the homoallylic alcohol 21 and transformed into 2-methylene-A-nor-5α-cholestane (24) by fragmentation.The IR. and NMR. spectra of the new oxetanes were compared with those of a series of known oxetanes.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510508
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  • 88
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    Fluorénacènes et fluorénaphènes Synthèses dans la série des indéno-fluorènes XI [1]. Trans-Fluorénacène et dérivés méthylés (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 1095-1102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: On décrit la préparation, à partir de la dibromo-2, 5-téréphtalophénone et de quelques-uns de ses dérivés méthylés, par déshydrobromation accompagnée d'une double cyclisation, de la trans-fluorénacène-dione (dioxo-6, 12-dihydro-6, 12-indéno [1, 2-b] fluorène) et de quelques dérivés méthylés. Ces dicétones polycycliques sont colorées en orangé, rouge ou violet, et cuvables. Leur réduction selon WOLFF-KISHNER fournit les hydrocarbures correspondants.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510511
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  • 89
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    Magneto-optische Rotationsdispersion von gesättigten aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 1051-1060 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Magneto-optical rotatory dispersion (MORD.) of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons can be described very accurately by an equation of the DRUDE type. The two parameters, appearing in such an equation, have been determined from MOR. measurements in the region of 240 to 500 nm by the method of least squares. These parameters show a systematic dependence on the structure of the investigated hydrocarbons. An empirical rule for the approximation of the DRUDE parameters is given which in turn allow the calculation of the VERDET constant for a given structure at any wavelength between 240 and 500 nm.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510506
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  • 90
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    Modifikationen von Antibiotika. 2. Mitteilung [1]. Über die Darstellung von 7-Amino-cephalosporansäure (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 1108-1119 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 7-Aminocephalosporanic acid or esters thereof are prepared either by intramolecular aminolysis of esters of the antibiotic cephalosporin C or vïa imino-ethers derived from the latter.A simple procedure for the preparation of 7-aminocephalosporanic acid in high yield is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510513
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  • 91
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    Synthese des Thyreocalcitonins (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 1155-1158 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A total synthesis of hog thyrocalcitonin is described. A protected C-terminal tridecapeptide amid (20-32) was coupled with a protected central decapeptide (10-19), and the resulting protected tricosapeptide amide (10-32) was reacted with the N-terminal protected nonapeptide (1-9). After elimination of the protective groups, a free dotriacontapeptide amide was obtained whose physical, chemical and biological behaviour was indistinguishable from that of the natural hormone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510518
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  • 92
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    Symposium International sur les Sources Nouvelles de Protéines dans l'Alimentation Humaine. Amsterdam, 24-29 novembre 1968 (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 1184-1184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510523
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  • 93
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    Sur une nouvelle synthèse et les caractéristiques chimico-physiques du picolylidène-2-bis-(p-phénylsulfate de sodium) (DCIDCI = Designatio internationalis communis, recommandée par l'ORGANISATION MONDIALE DE LA SANTÉ.: «Picosulfate de sodium») (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 1164-1168 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis of 2-picolylidene-bis-(p-phenylsulfuric acid) disodium salt (I, DCI: ‘sodium picosulfate’) has been realized by two routes. I has been characterized by the usual analytical data and UV., IR. and PMR. spectral properties.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510521
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  • 94
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    Synthesen von Mannich-Basen von Hydroxy-indolen. 3. Mitteilung über synthetische Indol-Verbindungen [1] (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 1203-1213 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reactivity of hydroxy-indoles under the conditions of the Mannich-reaction has been studied. The electrophilic side-chain enters in each case in a position ortho to the phenolic group. 4-Hydroxy-indole is substituted in the 5-, 5-hydroxy-indole in the 4-, 6-hydroxy-indole in the 7-, and 7-hydroxy-indole probably in the 6-position. The structures of the Mannich bases from 4-, 5- and 6-hydroxy-indole have been confirmed by comparison of the hydroxy-methyl-indoles obtained by reductive desamination with hydroxy-methyl-indoles prepared by unambiguous total synthesis.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510603
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  • 95
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    5-Schwefelsubstituierte 1,2-Dithiol-3-one (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 1409-1420 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1, 2-Dithioles with sulfur substitutents in position 5 are prepared by reaction of 4-chloro-1, 2-dithiol-3-ones with thiols, sulfinates, dithiocarbamates, or potassium ethylxanthate. Bis-(4-chloro-1, 2-dithiol-3-on-5-yl) sulfide is produced from 4, 5-dichloro-1, 2-dithiol-3-one with sodium thiosulfate and other thiol forming reagents. The 5-alkylthio- and 5-arylthio-1, 2-dithiol-3-ones can be oxidized with peracids to sulfoxides and, partly, to sulfones; the sulfones can also be obtained from sulfinates. 4-Chloro-5-(α-methyl-benzylthio)-1, 2-dithiol-3-one reacts differently with peracetic acid, giving bis-(4-chloro-1, 2-dithiol-3-on-5-yl) disulfide besides 4-chloro-1, 2-dithiol-3-one. With oxalyl chloride, 4-chloro-5-alkylthio-1, 2-dithiol-3-ones form 3, 4-dichloro-dithioliumchlorides, which react with anilines to give 3-phenylimino-4-chloro-5-alkylthio-1, 2-dithioles.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510625
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  • 96
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    Die Pyrrolizidin-Alkaloide aus Senecio alpinus (L.) SCOP., S. subalpinus KOCH und S. incanus L. subsp. carniolicus, (WILLD.) BR.-BL. Pyrrolizidin-Alkaloide, 13. Mitteilung12. Mitt.: A. KLÁSEK et al. [1]. (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 1088-1095 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Senecio alpinus (L.) SCOP. is very rich in alkaloids. The dried overground parts gave 0,45% crude alkaloid mixture. The main component is seneciphylline (1); small amounts of cristalline jacozine (4) could also be isolated. - Senecio subalpinus KOCH gave 0,368% of crude alkaloid mixture. In contrast to former results only 0,1% of this was present in the form of N-oxides. The bulk was a ca. 1 : 1 mixture of seneciphylline with senecionine (3). - Senecio incanus L. subsp. carniolicus (WILLD) BRä.-BL. gave 0,40% of crude alkaloid mixture; from this some pure seneciphylline could be isolated. - In all three plants the presence of integerrimine (2) and other non-identified alkaloids could be established by thin layer chromatography.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510510
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  • 97
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    Reinigung und Kristallisation der Aldolase aus Drosophila melanogaster. 14. Mitteilung über Aldolasen [1] (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 1130-1133 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method for the preparation of pure crystalline aldolase (type A) from pupae of Drosophila melanogaster is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510515
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    Masthead (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510701
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  • 99
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    Echange d'oxygène lors de la substitution électrophile des phénols (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 1537-1548 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In the bromodesulfonation of sodium 2, 6-dibromophenol-4-sulfonate (I) and similar compounds, the relatively stable quinoloid intermediate II exchanges its carbonyl oxygen with that of H218O by an addition-elimination process. The exchange is slower than the formation of the product III; it is roughly comparable to the exchange velocity of quinones of similar structure. By reversibility of the electrophilic additon step, 18O is incorporated into the starting phenol I. In electrophilic substitutions with shorter life-time of the quinoloid intermediate, the oxygen exchange is difficult or impossible to observe.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510706
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  • 100
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    Die systematisch koinzidierenden RÖNTGEN-Reflexe bei Pulveraufnahmen (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 51 (1968), S. 1381-1383 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: On every line of a X-ray powder-diagram there is more than one reflection, at least there are hkl and hkl. In the tetragonal, trigonal-hexagonal and cubic crystalsystems, these systematically coinciding reflections generally have different intensities (2 or 4 kinds), except in the highest-symmetry LAUE class.So in structure determination, the conventional reliability quotient R has to be replaced by \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \tilde R = (\Sigma |\tilde F_{obs}^2 - \tilde F_{cal}^2 |)/\Sigma \tilde F_{obs}^2, $$\end{document} where the \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \tilde F^{2,}s $\end{document}2's are the sums of the 2 or 4 (LP-corrected) intensities coinciding on a line. An IBM-1620 program was written to calculate \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\tilde R} $\end{document}, starting with the output of ICR-4 structure factor program. An application is given in the immediately following paper by LUDI,GÜDEL and BÜRKI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19680510621
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