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  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (5,717)
  • 1910-1914
  • 1977  (5,717)
  • Chemistry  (5,684)
  • Nuclear reactions
  • pharmacokinetics
Source
Material
Years
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (5,717)
  • 1910-1914
Year
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proteins of the periodontium (1977)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 23 (1977), S. 39-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Dental cementum ; Collagen ; Protein ; Chemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Cyanogen bromide (CNBr) peptides were prepared of the insoluble collagen of bovine dental cementum. Following chromatographic separation, the peptides were identified by their amino-acid composition. Type I collagen ([α1(I)]2α2) accounted for more than 90% of the organic matrix, while Type III collagen ([α1(III)]3) was present at a level of approximately 5%. Amino-acid analyses revealed that the CNBr peptides from α1(I) and α2 chains of cementum closely resembled the corresponding peptides from calf skin. The only systematic difference was a higher level of hydroxylation of prolyl and lysyl residues of the cementum peptides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02012764
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium deficiency, pregnancy, and lactation in rats (1977)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 23 (1977), S. 87-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Calcium ; Osteoporosis ; Lactation ; Chemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The calcium homeostatic mechanism was challenged in adult female rats by feeding them a calcium-deficient diet containing oxalate, and by subjecting them to pregnancy and lactation. The regimen caused a substantial weight loss, especially in those animals which reared their young well. Severe hypocalcaemia was observed in the lactating rats. Serum-P was slightly elevated. The content of hydroxyproline in serum was considerably elevated, reflecting the degree of calcium deprivation. Serum proteins were least influenced. The calcium depriving regimen reduced the growth of long bones, but did not stop it. The ash content of the bones was considerably reduced, the degree of reduction depended on the degree of calcium deprivation. Ash as percentage of total bone organ was reduced, but not to the same extent as total ash. Analyses of different parts of femur showed that the proximal and distal parts had lost more bone mineral than the diaphyseal shaft. The ash content of cortical bone tissue from the femur was estimated by a volumetric method. No differences were observed between test groups and controls, indicating that no measurable amounts of bone mineral had been removed from the walls of the vascular canals or by osteocytic osteolysis. Planimetric determinations on cross sections from femora disclosed that a great amount of bone had been removed from the endosteal surface of the diaphysis, while the periosteal surface demonstrated reduced bone apposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02012771
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A sulphated glycopeptide in human supragingival calculus extracts (1977)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 23 (1977), S. 13-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Dental calculus ; Glycopeptide ; Chemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary A method is described for the isolation and purification of a sulphated glycopeptide from human supragingival calculus. The compound was isolated after using EDTA treatment, 2 M CaCl2 extraction, proteolytic digestion, ethanol precipitation, and finally purified by DEAE cellulose chromatography. It migrated as a single component on cellulose acetate electrophoresis, and chemical and infrared spectral analysis showed the presence of covalently attached sulphate groups. The sulphated glycopeptide was distinguished from being a sulphated glycosaminoglycan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02012761
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of paracetamol (acetaminophen) after intravenous and oral administration (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 11 (1977), S. 283-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Paracetamol ; Acetaminophen ; pharmacokinetics ; first-pass elimination ; intravenous administration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma paracetamol concentrations were measured in 6 volunteers after single intravenous (1000 mg) and oral (500 mg, 1000 mg and 2000 mg) doses of the drug. Paracetamol levels declined multiphasically with a mean clearance after intravenous administration of 352±40 ml/min. A two-compartment open model appeared to describe the decline adequately. Comparison of the areas under the plasma concentration-time curves (AUC) indicated that oral bioavailability increased from 0.63±0.02 after 500 mg, to 0.89±0.04 and 0.87±0.08 after 1000 mg and 2000 mg, respectively. As a consequence of the incomplete bioavailability of paracetamol, as well as its multicompartmental distribution, accurate estimates of its distribution volume and clearance cannot be obtained if the drug is given orally. However, an estimate of its total plasma clearance may be derived from the AUC after a 500 mg oral dose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00607678
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution and elimination of digoxin in infants (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 11 (1977), S. 329-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Digoxin ; pharmacokinetics ; two-compartment model ; radioimmunoassay ; neonates ; infants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution and elimination of intravenous digoxin were investigated in seven neonates and infants with heart failure. Serum digoxin concentrations during a 24 h period were determined by radioimmunoassay, using125I as tracer. The serum values declined biexponentially after the injection and could be fitted to a two-compartment open model by non-linear least-squares regression. The calculated mean half-lives of the distribution (alpha) phase in neonates and infants were 37 and 28 min, respectively. The mean half-life of the elimination (beta) phase in neonates was 44 h, as compared to 19 h in infants. The mean volume of the central compartment and the mean volume of distribution at steady-state were calculated to be 1.3 and 9.9 l/kg, respectively; no significant differences between neonates and infants were found. The relation between these volumes indicates that digoxin is extensively distributed in tissues. The steady-state distribution volumes of digoxin in neonates and infants exceed those reported in adults. The larger volume of distribution might explain in part why infants with cardiac insufficiency require larger doses of digoxin than adults (on a mg/kg body weight basis) to obtain the same serum concentrations. Elimination of digoxin from the body was slower in neonates than in infants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00566529
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Individual variation in the response to phenprocoumon (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 11 (1977), S. 351-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Phenprocoumon ; protein binding ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacodynamics ; drug therapy ; myocardial infarction ; chronic disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In nine patients, the synthesis rate Rsyn of the vitamin K-dependent clotting factors was calculated from changes in prothrombin-complex activity after intravenous administration of a synthesis-blocking dose of phenprocoumon (PPC). The biological half-life of PPC was between 2.70 and 7.01 days. No correlation was found between the level of the free fraction of this strongly protein-bound drug and its biological half-life. There was a positive correlation (p〈0.01) between the size of the free fraction of PPC and the apparent volume of distribution of the drug. Four of the patients had had an acute myocardial infarction and they showed increased sensitivity to PPC. In them the plasma level of PPC sufficient to reduce Rsyn to 50% of R°syn was significantly lower, and the depression of individual vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors was more pronounced and prolonged, than in five other patients with chronic disease. The degradation rate of coagulation factors was also found to be higher in the patients with acute myocardial infarction. In four patients with chronic disease, anticoagulant therapy with PPC was continued in the out-patient clinic. The calculated oral maintenance dose of PPC, assuming complete absorption, first-order elimination kinetics and a linear relationship between the pharmacological effect and the logarithm of the PPC-plasma concentration, showed good agreement with the dose actually found to produce the desired PP% level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00566532
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biotransformation and pharmacokinetics of acenocoumarol (Sintrom®) in man (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 11 (1977), S. 367-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Acenocoumarol ; excretory balance man ; pharmacokinetics ; biotransformation ; plasma protein binding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The absorption, biotransformation and elimination of the anticoagulant acenocoumarol, 3-[α- (4′-nitrophenyl)-β-acetylethyl]-4-hydroxycoumarin, have been studied by oral administration of 12 mg of a14C-labelled preparation to two male volunteers. Absorption from the gastro-intestinal tract was rapid and the plasma concentration of unchanged drug reached a maximum of 169 and 412 ng/ml, respectively, after 3 hours. The elimination half-life in the two subjects, calculated from the decline between 6 and 24 h, was 8.7 and 8.2 hours. A constant proportion of 98.7% of the drug was bound in vitro to serum proteins over a concentration range of 0.021–8.34 µg/ml, with little interindividual variation. The major portion of the binding was to human serum albumin (97.5%) at two classes of binding sites: association constant K1=1.04×105 l/mole (n1=1) and K2=5.55×103 l/mole (n2=4). In addition to unchanged acenocoumarol, four metabolites were determined in plasma by isotope dilution techniques: the amino-, acetamido-, alcohol1- and alcohol2-metabolites. Of them, the amino-metabolite showed the highest concentration, namely 278 ng/ml, after 6 h in Subject A, and 163 ng/ml after 10 hours in Subject B. Judged from the integrated concentrations, the compounds analyzed accounted for 76 and 89%, respectively, of the total radioactivity in plasma. All the metabolites detected in plasma showed anticoagulant activity when tested in mice. The quantities of the metabolites excreted in urine from 0–120 hours were (Subject A/Subject B): acenocoumarol 0.3/0.2%, amino-metabolite 12.3/7.7%, acetamido-metabolite 19.0/11.1%, alcohol1-metabolite 4.6/9.0%, alcohol2-metabolite 1.7/4.4%, 6-hydroxy-metabolite 6.9/18.3% and 7-hydroxy-metabolite 14.0/22.2%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00566534
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetic aspects of protriptyline plasma levels (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 11 (1977), S. 51-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Antidepressive agent ; protriptyline ; plasma concentration ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma levels of protriptyline have been determined in 30 depressed female patients undergoing antidepressant therapy. After 3 1/2 weeks treatment at dosage levels of 40 mg/day, protriptyline plasma levels ranged from 430 to 1430 nmol/l. During this period only two-thirds of the subjects had definitely achieved asymptotic concentrations. Single dose studies in 5 volunteers suggest that the volume of distribution of protriptyline shows little intersubject variation. The half life of the drug, however, may vary appreciably from subject to subject, ranging from 54 to 198 h. The effects of two sedatives on mean protriptyline plasma levels have been determined. Mean plasma levels for nitrazepam recipients are indistinguishable from those for patients receiving no night sedation. The mean plasma levels for a group of patients receiving sodium amylobarbitone were significantly reduced. The problem of choice and early adjustment of dosages in order to achieve satisfactory plasma levels is discussed. For practical purposes it is suggested that early values may be of predictive significance in allowing early dosage adjustments to be made.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00561788
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of salicylate and indomethacin in coeliac disease (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 11 (1977), S. 473-477 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Salicylate ; aspirin ; indomethacin ; pharmacokinetics ; coeliac disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The plasma concentrations of salicylate and indomethacin were measured after a single oral dose of aspirin (600 mg) and indomethacin (50 mg) in twelve starved normal subjects and twelve adult patients with coeliac disease. The absorption of salicylate in the coeliac patients was faster than in the normal subjects. The plasma concentration/time curve of indomethacin in both groups was similar during the absorption phase, but there were significant differences between the groups in its elimination. The abnormal absorption pattern of salicylate in coeliac disease does not appear to be related to its pKa. Possible causes of the difference in salicylate absorption include changes in gastric emptying or altered small intestinal permeability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00562942
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of hydrochlorothiazide in man (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 12 (1977), S. 297-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Hydrochlorothiazide ; pharmacokinetics ; dose/response relationship ; natriuresis ; kaliuresis ; calciuresis ; magnesiuresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Hydrochlorothiazide (hct) was administered orally in four different doses (12.5, 25, 50 and 75 mg), to eight healthy volunteers. Plasma and urine concentrations of hct were determined by GLC. Maximal plasma levels were found at 1.5–5 h, and averaged 70, 142, 260 and 376 ng × ml−1 respectively. The peak plasma levels and AUC0→9h of hct were highly correlated (p〈0.001) with the dose. The decline in the plasma curve was biphasic in those experiments in which the plasma levels of hct could be determined for at least 24 h. The half life of the slower phase lay between 5.6 and 14.8 h. The urinary recovery of hct, which represented the gastrointestinal absorption, averaged 65 to 72 per cent of the dose. The mean renal plasma clearance did not vary with the dose and averaged 319 to 345 ml × min−1. The diuresis during the 10 h after hct 12.5 mg exceeded that after placebo by a mean of 800 ml. The diureses was not increased further after higher doses of hct. The maximal natriuretic effect (+ 100 mmol), too, was found after the 12.5 mg dose. The excretion of potassium, however, rose with increasing doses; the maximal increment, after 75 mg hct, averaged 25 mmol. The excretion of calcium was significantly increased after 50 mg hct (+ 0.6 mmol). The maximal effect on magnesium excretion occurred after 25 mg hct (+ 0.5 mmol). In healthy volunteers there was no correlation between peak plasma level of hct or AUC0→9h and the renal excretion of water and electrolytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00607430
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of phenobarbital in childhood (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 12 (1977), S. 305-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Phenobarbital ; pharmacokinetics ; neonates ; infancy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 14 neonates 1–4 weeks old, 30 babies aged 1–12 months, and 7 infants of 1–5 years of age, the serum levels of phenobarbital were determined by a gas chromatographic micro-method after intravenous injection of phenobarbital 5–10 mg per kg body weight. It was possible to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters using a two compartment open model. The distribution volumes within the individual age groups and the rate constants k12 and k21 showed no significant differences, but the elimination half-life was significantly longer in neonates (118.6±16.1 h) than in babies (62.9±5.2 h) or infants (68.5±3.2 h).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00607431
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the pharmacodynamic effects of furosemide and BAY g 2821 and correlation of the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of BAY g 2821 (muzolimine) (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 12 (1977), S. 341-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Muzolimine ; pharmacodynamics ; pharmacokinetics ; furosemide ; saluresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a biometrically planned, double-blind study on 12 Oedema-free male patients the saluretic effect of muzolimine 30 mg was compared with furosemide 40 mg. The plasma level of muzolimine was determined and correlated with its pharmacodynamics. In terms of excretion during the 12-hour observation period muzolimine 30 mg had as great a cumulative effect as furosemide 40 mg. There was a significant difference in the time-response curve. During the first two hours furosemide 40 mg had more saluretic effect than muzolimine 30 mg. Between two and four hours there was no significant difference between the two substances. Between four and six hours, however, muzolimine was somewhat more effective than furosemide, although the difference did not reach the level of significance. After 6 h there was no longer any difference between the two compounds. The half-life of the fall in concentration of muzolimine in plasma was 3.7 up to 10 h after its administration. The time-response curve of the increased urine excretion correlated well with the time course of the concentration of muzolimine in plasma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00562448
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behaviour of glibenclamide on repeated administration to diabetic patients (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 11 (1977), S. 19-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus ; sulfonylurea ; glibenclamide ; pharmacokinetics ; repeated administration ; deep compartment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Six maturity onset diabetic patients took glibenclamide 5 mg by mouth, every morning 10 min before a standard breakfast. Serum levels of immunoreactive glibenclamide, glucose and immunoreactive insulin were measured repeatedly on the first and 15th days of treatment. Measured glibenclamide blood levels were in close agreement with an analogue computer simulation of data obtained from healthy volunteers: there was no accumulation of drug in the blood, but there was strong evidence for the existence of a slowly equilibrating “deep” compartment. Considerable insulin release and correction of the breakfast-induced hyperglycaemia were observed immediately after administration of the drug, as well as 5 h later, at lunch time. The clinical significance of blood levels of glibenclamide, as well as the correlation of pharmacokinetics with pharmacodynamics, are discussed in the light of these results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00561783
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of methyldopa in healthy man (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 12 (1977), S. 117-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Methyldopa ; radioactive label ; pharmacokinetics ; metabolism ; healthy volunteers ; intravenous and oral administration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of 2-14C-L-α-methyldopa have been investigated in five healthy volunteers following intravenous and oral administration. In the intravenous study a bi-phasic plasma concentration curve was found both for chemically determined α-methyldopa and for radioactivity. The plasma level of radioactivity differed significantly from chemically determined drug, a pattern which was also found in urine. This suggests the presence of unidentified metabolite(s). The difference between plasma disappearance and urine recovery of α-methyldopa and radioactivity during the first 4 h after injection suggests distribution to an extravascular compartment. Plasma half-lives of total radioactivity and of unchanged drug were calculated. In three subjects, pharmacokinetic parameters for a two-compartment open body model were calculated from urine and plasma data. Urinary recovery of radioactivity was almost complete within 48 h after intravenous administration. After oral administration, however, only about 40 per cent of the radioactive dose was recovered in the urine, and it contained approximately equal amounts of unconjugated methyldopa, acid-labile conjugated methyldopa and unidentified metabolite(s). The acid-labile conjugate was found only after oral administration, which supports the theory of a mucosal conjugation process. The lack of acid-labile conjugated drug either in the plasma or urine after intravenous injection indicates that there is no enterohepatic circulation of this drug.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00645132
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transfer of nitrazepam across the human placenta (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 12 (1977), S. 355-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Nitrazepam ; placental transfer ; pharmacokinetics ; plasma levels ; protein binding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Six women from 14 to 17 weeks pregnant, and 12 woman from 36 to 40 weeks pregnant, were given nitrazepam 5 mg orally about 12 h before legal abortion by hysterotomy in the former group and elective caesarean section in the latter group. The concentration of nitrazepam was determined by gas-liquid chromatography. Binding to plasma proteins was evaluated by separation of the protein-free fraction by ultracentrifugation. In the first group (early pregnancy) the level of nitrazepam was found to be lower in the fetal than in the maternal circulation. The concentration in amniotic fluid was still lower. In the latter group (late pregnancy) the concentration both of unbound and total nitrazepam in maternal and fetal plasma were in equilibrium, which indicated an increase in transplacental transfer in late pregnancy. The percentage of unbound nitrazepam in both cases was 12%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00562451
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of tolmetin with and without concomitant administration of antacid in man (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 12 (1977), S. 421-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Tolmetin ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability ; antacid ; oral dose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The purpose of this study was to determine whether a concomitant single dose of antacid or multiple doses of antacid administered prior to, and with tolmetin, alter the pharmacokinetics of tolmetin when the drug was administered as a commercially available tablet containing tolmetin sodium. The possible effects of the antacid on plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of tolmetin and its major metabolite were evaluated following administration of: (a) tolmetin sodium alone; (b) antacid four time a day for three days prior to a single dose of tolmetin sodium, with continuation of the antacid during the day tolmetin was given; and (c) co-administration of single doses of tolmetin sodium and antacid. The twenty-four subject study was of the crossover type. There were no significant differences among treatment means for: (i) peak plasma concentrations of both tolmetin and metabolite, (ii) AUC 0–8 h and AUC 0-∞ for both tolmetin and metabolite, (iii) time to peak plasma concentration for both tolmetin and metabolite, (iv) plasma concentrations of both tolmetin and the metabolite at all sampling times (except for tolmetin at 2 h), (v) renal clearance of both tolmetin and its metabolite, and (vi) the amount of metabolite excreted in the 0–24 h urine. There were small, but significant, differences among amounts of tolmetin excreted in the 0–24 h urine. Semilogarithmic plots of both tolmetin and metabolite plasma concentrations past the peak concentrations were curved over the entire 8-h observation period; although the elimination half-life of tolmetin has been reported to be about one hour, the half-life most probably exceeds 2.6 h in most subjects. The results of this study indicate a lack of a significant drug-drug interaction between the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, tolmetin sodium, and a commonly used antacid, which is a mixture of magnesium and aluminium hydroxides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00561061
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antiarrhythmic and electrocardiographic effects of single oral doses of disopyramide (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 11 (1977), S. 91-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Disopyramide ; plasma concentration ; cardiodepressant drugs ; ventricular arrhythmia ; ventricular tachycardia ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ten patients with various heart diseases and ventricular arrhythmia received a single oral dose of disopyramide (DE) 200 mg. The ECG was recorded continuously for about 50 h from 2–4 h before drug administration. A statistically significant reduction in the number of ventricular ectopic beats (VEBs) was seen 1.0–3.5 h after drug intake; the average number of VEBs per 30 min decreased from 317 during the control period to 92 by 1.0–3.5 h after treatment and if one patient who did not respond is excluded, the corresponding figures were 272 and 14, respectively. Consecutive VEBs were seen in seven patients before DE was given and decreased significantly (p〈0.05) 1.5–5.5 h after drug administration. There was no change in the PQ interval, the QRS interval showed a slight increase, whereas the QT interval was prolonged 0.5–4 h after administration of DE. A specific gas chromatographic method was used for DE assay in plasma and urine. Absorption was rapid in all patients. Urinary excretion during the first 48 h after drug intake varied between 35 and 75%. The lowest effective antiarrhythmic concentration estimated in six patients ranged from 1.4 to 7.0 µg/ml. β-Phase half-life in five patients was between 10.3 and 22.1 h.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00562898
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluorometric determination of hydroflumethiazide in human plasma and urine after its oral administration (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 11 (1977), S. 149-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Hydroflumethiazide ; spectrofluorometry ; pharmacokinetics ; plasma half life ; renal excretion ; renal disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A spectrofluorometric method for determination of hydroflumethiazide in human plasma and urine has been developed. The limit of detection was 10 ng/ml plasma and 100 ng/ml urine. The plasma concentration of hydroflumethiazide was determined for 9–11 hours and excretion in urine for 24–37 hrs after oral administration of about 1 mg/kg body weight to 7 subjects. Plasma half life in healthy subjects was 1.9–2.1 h, and 2.7–8.6 h in patients during the period 4–9 hrs after dosing. Cumulative excretion in urine was 67–79% of the dose during 31–37 hrs in 6 subjects; one patient with renal disease was found to excrete only 25.8% of dose during 24 hours. Renal clearance of hydroflumethiazide was higher in the healthy subjects (0.29–0.44 1 h−1 kg−1) than in the patients (0.040–0.15 l h−1 kg−1). Plasma half life of hydroflumethiazide was not closely correlated with renal clearance of the drug, which suggests that other factors may play a role in determining plasma half life.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00562907
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Model independent derivation of general equations for the “first-pass” effect and extra-hepatic drug elimination (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 11 (1977), S. 57-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: General equation ; pharmacokinetics ; first pass effect ; extra-hepatic drug elimination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A general expression for the ratio of areas below the blood concentration-time curves after intravenous and oral drug administration is derived. This derivation does not require the assumption of a specific compartmental model to describe drug distribution within the body. Similarly an expression for the amount of drug metabolised in the liver is derived. The latter expression is used to estimate the extent of extra-hepatic drug elimination from the body.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00561789
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dose-dependence of the pharmacokinetics of quinidine (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 12 (1977), S. 73-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Quinidine ; pharmacokinetics ; non-linearity ; dose-dependent pharmacokinetics ; steady state plasma level ; oral administration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Quinidine was administrated orally to five healthy male volunteers. Doses of 0.2 g t. i. d., 0.3 g t. i. d. and 0.4 g t. i. d. were given for five days with at least four weeks between each test period. The plasma concentration of quinidine was measured before the morning dose on Days 2–5 of treatment, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 h after the morning dose on the 5th day. There was not a linear relationship between the increase in dose and the increase in plasma concentration of quinidine. A dose increase of 50% from 0.6 to 0.9 g quinidine sulphate per day resulted in an increase in steady state concentration of 94%. A further 33% increase in dose, from 0.9 to 1.2 g daily, resulted in a 55% increase in the steady stae concentration of quinidine. The results demonstrate dose-dependent pharmacokinetics for quinidine. Possible explanations for the nonlinear pharmacokinetics are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00561409
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma level of chlormethiazole and two metabolites after oral administration to young and aged human subjects (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 12 (1977), S. 137-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Chlormethiazole ; pharmacokinetics ; metabolites ; oral administration ; young and elderly human subjects ; quantitative gas chromatographymass spectrometry ; whole blood distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The plasma concentration of chlormethiazole and two of its metabolites has been measured in three young and three aged human subjects following administration of a single oral dose of chlormethiazole. A sensitive analytical method based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using the selective ion monitoring mode of operation was developed to permit quantitation of the plasma levels. The time course of the plasma concentration of chlormethiazole and metabolites showed wide inter-subject variation, particularly between the young and elderly subjects. Absorption of chlormethiazole was rapid in the subjects of both groups as assessed by the time taken to reach the peak plasma concentration. The mean peak plasma level of chlormethiazole was more than five times greater in the elderly (2.90±1.56 µg/ml) than in the young (0.55±0.58 µg/ml) subjects. The plasma level of chlormethiazole was consistently higher in the aged subjects and this was reflected by the larger area under the plasma curve in aged (7.62±5.37 µg.h/ml) than in young (0.94±0.66 µg.h/ml) individuals. Decreased pre-systemic elimination by the liver has been suggested as an important factor contributing to the higher plasma level in the elderly. Estimates of absolute systemic availability, calculated by reference to previous intravenous studies, were greater for the elderly subjects. The distribution of chlormethiazole in whole blood from six young and six elderly human subjects was investigated in vitro. The unbound fraction of chlormethiazole in plasma increased significantly from 0.308±0.035 in young subjects to 0.403±0.067 in the elderly. Distribution of the drug in whole blood was different for the two age groups; the fraction of drug distributed to plasma water was significantly greater and the fraction in blood cells was significantly less in the aged.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00645135
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of tolamolol in the treatment of hypertension (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 12 (1977), S. 171-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Tolamolol ; hypertension ; pharmacokinetics ; mean steady-state concentration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Tolamolol was administered in a “double-blind” study to fifteen hypertensive patients by dose-titration against arterial blood pressure. Mean steady-state plasma tolamolol concentrations (Css) were determined for each patient from the area under the plasma concentration — time curve during a dosage interval whilst patients were receiving optimal tolamolol doses. No significant correlation was observed between daily tolamolol dose and Css; the relationship between fall in lying mean arterial pressure and Css also failed to reach conventional levels of statistical significance, but Css was observed to be correlated with the fall in standing pressure. The results suggest that plasma concentrations in excess of 200 ng/ml may be required to achieve an effective hypotensive response with the drug.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609855
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human experience of cetiedil, a new vasodilator with anticholinergic properties (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 12 (1977), S. 205-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Cetiedil ; vasodilator ; anticholinergic drug ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cetiedil, a new vasodilating drug with anticholinergic properties, was shown to be metabolised very rapidly in man after intravenous and oral administration of the14C-compound. Higher concentrations of labelled compound after oral than after intravenous administration at the same sampling time, and proportional differences in urinary excretion, suggest that metabolic handling of the drug differs depending on the route of administration. Experiments in which inhibition of saliva secretion was measured indicated that (an) active metabolite(s) probably was (were) responsible for the action of the drug. As an anticholinergic drug, cetiedil is at least 400 times weaker than atropine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609862
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pharmacokinetics of cefuroxime after intravenous injection (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 12 (1977), S. 221-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Cefuroxime ; cephalosporin antibiotics ; intravenous injection ; pharmacokinetics ; volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cefuroxime, a new cephalosporin antibiotic which is stable to most β-lactamases produced by Gram-negative bacteria, was given by bolus intravenous injection to six volunteers in doses of 500 mg and 750 mg. The concentrations of cefuroxime in serum and urine were measured at pre-determined times after injection and the data analysed by a two-compartment open system model. A serum concentration of 8 µg/ml was exceeded for 100.3 min (±18.3) after a 500 mg dose and for 144.5 min (±19.8) after 750 mg. The ultimate serum half-life was 1.1 h. Excretion of cefuroxime in the urine was almost complete in 24 h, the clearance being 150 ml/min/1.73 m2. About 45% was excreted through the renal tubules. The injections were well tolerated and no changes in haematological or biochemical values were seen. The resulting data are compared with those published for some other cephalosporins. It is concluded that the favourable pharmacokinetics, especially the high concentrations of unbound cefuroxime in the serum, are likely to aid effective therapy of human infection caused by sensitive bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609865
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of temazepam administered in soft gelatin capsules (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 12 (1977), S. 383-386 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Benzodiazepine ; temazepam ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability ; hard and soft gelatine capsules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma levels of temazepam were determined in healthy subjects after single oral administration of soft and hard gelatin capsules, and after 7 consecutive night-time doses in soft capsules. Absorption from soft gelatin capsules was significantly faster and produced earlier and higher peak plasma levels. The two pharmaceutical forms did not show any significant difference in relative availability. The apparent half-life of temazepam after night-time administration was significantly shorter than after morning administration, but no change in half-life was observed between the first and seventh night-time doses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00562455
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disposition of valproic acid in man (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 12 (1977), S. 125-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Valproic acid ; pharmacokinetics ; saliva concentration ; urinary excretion ; serum protein binding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of valproic acid (VPA) have been studied in 6 healthy subjects following a single 600 mg dose, and after multiple doses over 12 days (1200 mg daily) of enteric-coated sodium valproate. A time lag before absorption of 1 to 2 h was observed in each subject, and then absorption was rapid, peak concentrations being recorded 3 to 4 h after administration of the dose. The plasma level decline was biphasic with a terminal half-life of 15.9±2.6 h in the single dose and 17.3±3.0 h in the multiple dose experiments. There was no evidence of dose dependent kinetics or autoinduction. Total plasma clearance was 0.0064±0.0011 l/kg×h. The apparent volume of distribution was small at 0.15±0.2 l/kg. The mean steady state plasma concentration (Css) reached after 4 days was 81.3±13.0 µg/ml. Css observed was lower than Css predicted (99.2±14.7 µg/ml) from single dose kinetics (p〈0.001). The difference was probably due to a reduction in plasma protein binding at higher concentrations. VPA concentration in saliva was between 0.4 and 4.5% of the total plasma concentration and was not equal to the concentration of unbound drug in plasma (6.7±0.8% unbound). 3.2% of the dose was excreted in urine as the parent drug and 21.2% as conjugated metabolites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00645133
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Overall pharmacokinetics during prolonged treatment of healthy volunteers with digoxin andβ-methyldigoxin (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 12 (1977), S. 387-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Digoxin ; β-methyldigoxin ; prolonged administration ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Five healthy volunteers received digoxin 0.4 mg or β-methyldigoxin 0.4 mg i. v., daily for 14 days, in a randomized cross-over arrangement. By monitoring minimal plasma concentrations during multiple dosing, it was found that the steady state pharmacokinetics of digoxin and β-methyldigoxin could be estimated even better by a one-compartment than by a two-compartment model. The following mean parameters were calculated: the half life of digoxin of 1.54±0.31 days was significantly shorter than the half life of 2.29±0.34 days for β-methyldigoxin. The distribution volume of 807±187 liters for digoxin was not significantly larger than the 735±227 liters for β-methyldigoxin. Renal digoxin clearance of 191±25 ml/min was significantly higher than both the renal clearance of β-methyldigoxin of 111±23 ml/min and also the creatinine clearance, which indicates tubular secretion of digoxin. There was a 2.8-fold accumulation of β-methyldigoxin injected once a day, which was significantly higher than the 1.8-fold accumulation of digoxin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00562456
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pharmacokinetics of carbamazepine (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 12 (1977), S. 451-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Bioavailability ; carbamazepine ; elimination ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The time-courses of plasma carbamazepine concentrations were followed in six apparently healthy adult subjects who, at different times, took single oral drug doses of 200, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 and 900 mg. There were some suggestions of impaired bioavailability of the drug when given in tablet form. The following values were obtained for various pharmacokinetic parameters:k abs =0.176±0.209 h−1;k=0.0203±0.0055 h−1; T1/2=37.5±13.1 h; VD=0.825±0.1041 · kg−1; Clearance=0.0163±0.0061 l · kg−1. The elimination rate constant showed a statistically significant increase with increasing drug dose. This may help explain the clinical observation that the rate of rise of steady state plasma carbamazepine concentrations tends to decrease with dose increase in patients taking carbamazepine alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00561065
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of exercise on the serum level and urinary excretion of tetracycline, doxycycline and sulphamethizole (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 12 (1977), S. 367-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Sulphamethizole ; tetracycline ; doxycycline ; rest ; exercise ; pharmacokinetics ; excretion ; absorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The serum level and urinary excretion of sulphamethizole, tetracycline and doxycycline were studied in healthy volunteers subjected to intensive exercise and bed rest in a cross-over trial. Each group consisted of 7–8 subjects. The exercise or bed rest began 15 min before oral administration of the drug and was continued for the following 4 hours. During exercise serum drug concentration and the area under the serum concentration-time curve for each agent was significantly higher (p〈0.05) than the corresponding values at rest. Exercise greatly suppressed the renal excretion of tetracycline and doxycycline, but the decrease alone appeared insufficient to account for the pronounced increase in serum drug concentration. Total drug excretion in urine was unchanged. Thus, it seemed most unlikely that overall absorption from the gastrointestinal tract had been altered by exercise. However, the rate of absorption appeared to be more rapid in the exercise than in the rest period. Marked haemoconcentration was not produced by the exercise. In addition to changes in absorption and elimination rates, alteration in the volume of distribution might contribute to the higher serum drug concentration during exercise. Therefore, the level of physical activity should be considered in the interpretation of pharmacokinetic data both in clinical practice and in pharmacokinetic studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00562453
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of sampling on drug kinetics in liver perfusion (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 5 (1977), S. 335-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: pharmacokinetics ; perfusion models ; sampling ; parameter estimation ; computer program ; Org GB 94 ; mianserin ; Org GC 94
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A mathematical treatment of the influence of sampling on drug kinetics in liver perfusion is presented. Based on the derived equations, a Fortran IV computer program (PERFUS) is given, by which the time course of drug concentrations can be simulated for any sampling scheme. The simulations show that the withdrawal of large samples from the reservoir, i.e., larger than 5% of the reservoir volume, results in substantially biased parameters for drugs that are rapidly distributed and/or metabolized. For the fitting of empirical data, a Fortran IV computer program is given, based on BMDX85 nonlinear least squares by Gauss-Newton iterations. This program (PERFIT) estimates model parameters corrected as if no sampling had occurred, no matter how distorted the drug disappearance curve mày be as a result of sampling or due to degeneration of the two-compartment model into a one-compartment model. The conditions under which this degeneration occurs are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01061695
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  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetic and biopharmaceutic profile of chlordiazepoxide HCl in healthy subjects: Single-dose studies by the intravenous, intramuscular, and oral routes (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 5 (1977), S. 3-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: chlordiazepoxide ; benzodiazepine ; two-compartment model, biopharmaceutics ; pharmacokinetics ; single dose ; routes of administration ; intravenous ; intramuscular ; oral
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Single 30- mg doses of chlordiazepoxide HCl were administered to six healthy human subjects by the intravenous, oral, and intramuscular routes. Plasma concentration- time curves following intravenous administration were satisfactorily described by a biexponential equation consistent with a two-compartment open model system. Mean values of half-lives for the so-called distribution and elimination phases were 0.252 and 9.39 hr, respectively. The mean values for the volume of the central compartment (V 1) and volume of distribution $$(V_{d_\beta } )$$ were 18.0 and 30.9% of body weight, respectively. Following oral administration, the drug was rapidly and completely absorbed. Absorption was first order (t1/2≈27 min), and three of the six subjects showed a discernible lag time of approximately 20 min. Drug absorption following intramuscular administration was comparatively slow. A two- compartment “muscle model” comprised of precipitated and solubilized drug in the muscle was found to satisfactorily characterize the absorption process following administration by this route.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01064806
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  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A pharmacokinetic model for high-dose methotrexate infusions in man (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 5 (1977), S. 421-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: methotrexate ; pharmacokinetics ; model ; computer ; cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The infusion of high doses of methotrexate followed by folinic acid rescue is clinically useful against a variety of tumors. We studied the plasma pharmacokinetics of high-dose methotrexate infusions in patients with advanced cancer and devised a compartmental, kinetic model. our model is based on an earlier, mathematical model which describes the pharmacokinetics of moderate- to- high-dose methotrexate given as a single, intravenous injection. Mathematical equations for our model were solved on a UNIVAC1108 computer with the SAAM program. Seven compartments represent the distribution spaces for methotrexate and its metabolites. The transport of drug into and out of compartments is described by first-order differential equations. A nonlinear, concentration-dependent function is used for renal excretion with saturation of secretory and reabsorption mechanisms by methotrexate. Our model accurately depicts the pharmacokinetics of nine courses of therapy in five patients. The model can also be used to simulate the kinetics of methotrexate for patients with impaired renal function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01061726
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  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zeitstanduntersuchungen an Blei und Bleilegierungen (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 6-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations on Long Term Behaviour of Lead and Lead-AlloysIn a team work of several laboratories on long term behaviour of non-iron metals sponsored by the Dechema Specialist Committee “Materials and design in chemical engineering”, lead and some lead alloys have been tested to obtain creep values for 50 000 hrs. Results are given in creep diagrams and in tables for 1% and 5% creep limit and for creep strength as well, showing their dependence on temperature (between 20 and 140 °C) at 1000 hrs., 10 000 hrs. and 50 000 hrs.
    Notes: In einem Gemeinschaftsprogramm über das Zeitstandverhalten von Nichteisen-Metallen, das im Dechema-Fachausschuß „Werkstoffe und Konstruktion im Chemie-Apparatebau“ bearbeitet wird, wurden auch 22 Bleiwerkstoffe untersucht, um Zeitstandwerte über 50000 h für den Temperaturbereich zwischen 20 und 140 °C zu ermitteln. Die hier vorgelegten Ergebnisse zeigen den Verlauf der Zeitstandfestigkeit und der 1%-Zeitdehngrenze und geben für die konstruktive Anwendung Zahlenwerte für die 1%- und 5%-Zeitdehngrenze und die Zeitstandfestigkeit bei 1000 h, 10 000 h und 50 000 h Belastungsdauer. Sie ermöglichen einen Vergleich der untersuchten Werkstoffe und können damit eine Einschränkung der Legierungspalette anregen.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080105
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  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berichtigung (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 36-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080109
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  • 35
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    Electronic Resource
    Nachrichten-Hinweise (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. A18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080302
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  • 36
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    Electronic Resource
    Ausscheidungs- und Versprödungsverhalten nickelhaltiger SuperferriteDie diesem Bericht zugrunde liegenden Arbeiten wurden zum Teil mit Mitteln des Bundesministers für Forschung und Technologie gefördert (Kennzeichen CVE 40 2). Die Verantwortung für den Inhalt liegt allein bei Verfassern. (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 69-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Precipitation and embrittlement behaviour of nickel containing SuperferritesDuring the last years high chromium ferritic stainless steels socalled Superferrites have become of general interest since the mean disadvantages of these steel grades, namely cold brittleness and susceptibility to intergranular corrosion, can be avoided by means of new melting techniques. This group of steels show remarkable strength properties and excellent corrosion behaviour especially in chloride containing solutions. Because of the high content of alloying elements the ferritic solid solution is supersaturated, so that precipitation and embrittlement can occur. From 950° to 550 °C the brittle Chi- and/or Sigmaphase can be precipitated, at temperatures below 550 °C the material can fail by the socalled 475°-embrittlement. Additions of nickel and stabilising by titanium enhance the precipitation process well as the 475°-embrittlement, while a columbium stabilisation of the present carbon and nitrogen contents up to 150 ppm shows no influence. Within the investigated alloying range with 20 to 28% Cr, up to 5% Mo and up to 4% Ni the columbium stabilised steel with 28% Cr, 2% Mo and 4% Ni results as the optimal combination referring to its technological properties as well as to its precipitation and embrittlement behaviour.
    Notes: Die hochchromhaltigen, ferritischen nichtrostenden Stähle, sog. Superferrite, sind in letzter Zeit stark in den Vordergrund getreten, nachdem die Kardinalfehler dieser Werkstoffgruppe, nämlich die Kaltsprödigkeit und Anfälligkeit gegen interkristalline Korrosion mit Hilfe neuer Schmelztechnologien vermieden werden können. Diese Stähle zeichnen sich durch hohe Festigkeit und hervorragende Korrosionseigenschaften besonders in chloridhaltigen Medien aus. Der hohe Legierungsanteil dieser Stähle führt jedoch zu einer Übersättigung des ferritischen Mischkristalls, die nach einem Wärmeeinbringen Ausscheidungs- und Vesprödungserscheinungen verursachen kann. Zwischen 950 ° und 550 °C können dabei die spröde Chiund/oder Sigmaphase auftreten, unterhalb 550 °C setzt die sog. 475°-Versprödung ein. Nickelzusätze sowie eine Stabilisierung mit Titan beschleunigen sowohl die Ausscheidung der intermetallischen Phasen als auch die 475°-Versprödung, während eine Niobstabilisierung bei Gehalten an Kohlenstoff und Stickstoff bis 150 ppm keinen Einfluß ausübt. Im untersuchten Legierungsbereich von 20 bis 28% Cr, bis zu 5% Mo und bis zu 4% Ni ergibt sich der niobstabilisierte Stahl mit 28% Cr, 2% Mo und 4% Ni sowohl hinsichtlich seiner technologischen Eigenschaften als auch seines Ausscheidungs- und Versprödungsverhaltens als optimale Kombination.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080304
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  • 37
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    Electronic Resource
    Strukturmechanische Grundlagen der WerkstoffermüdungAus „VDI-Berichte 268, Werkstoff und Bauteilverhalten unter Schwingbeanspruchung“ - Tagung der VDI-Fachgruppe Werkstofftechnik November 1976 - mit freundlicher Genehmigung der VDI-Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf. (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 213-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Fundamental aspects of the fatigue processes in metallic materialsThe present situation in fatigue research is characterized by a great number of scientific as well as of applied work. However, despite of extensive activities no unified theoretical approach of fatigue is to be seen. This paper gives a survey of the well-established fundamentals of fatigue of metallic materials. The research work of the last two decades led to the development of criteria to classify the multi-layered experiences and the detailed assessments of many facts in this field. Considering the fatigue stages, initial-deformation, crack-initiation, crack-propagation and fracture some characteristic experimental and theoretical results are presented and discussed. Cyclic plastic deformation is a prerequisit for fatigue of metals. It changes the mechanical behavior of the whole samples in the crack-free fatigue stage. It also develops surface structures, which act as sites of micro cracks. Crack growth also is a consequence of plastic deformation and needs a tensile component of the applied stress system. Structure-sensitive factors influence the fatigue behavior of metals mainly in the initial stage of fatigue.
    Notes: Der gegenwärtige Stand der Ermüdungsforschung ist durch eine Fülle sowohl grundlagen- als auch anwendungsorientierter Einzelarbeiten gekennzeichnet. Trotzdem erscheint es zur Zeit nicht möglich, eine geschlossene Theorie des Ermüdungsverhaltens metallischer Werkstoffe in nächster Zukunft zu entwickeln. Die vorliegende Arbeit soll einen Überblick geben über die hinreichend gesicherten Erkenntnisse auf dem Gebiet der Metallermüdung. Die Forschungstätigkeit der letzten zwei Jahrzehnte führte zur Entwicklung einiger Ordnungskriterien für die vielfältigen experimentellen Ergebnisse sowie zu einigen quantitativen Abschätzungsverfahren. Für die einzelnen Ermüdungsstadien, den Anfangsbereich, den Rißbildungsbereich, die Rißausbreitung und den Restbruch werden einige wichtige Ergebnisse vorgestellt und diskutiert. Plastische Verformung ist die Voraussetzung für das Auftreten eines Ermüdungsbruchs bei metallischen Werkstoffen. Sie führt in der anrißfreien Phase der Ermüdung zu einer Veränderung der mechanischen Eigenschaften des Werkstoffs sowie zur Bildung besonderer Oberflächenverformungsstrukturen, die bevorzugt Ausgangspunkte für Ermüdungsrisse sind. Auch die Rißausbreitungsphase ist durch das Auftreten von plastischen Deformationen charakterisiert und erfordert eine hinreichend große Zugspannungskomponente. Strukturabhängige Werkstoffkenngrößen wirken sich insbesondere in der anrißfreien Phase des Ermüdungsvorgangs aus.
    Additional Material: 28 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080703
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    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080101
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  • 39
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    Electronic Resource
    Das Zeitstandverhalten von Hartblei (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 2-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The creep properties of hard leadThe exact dimensioning of structural elements which are susceptible to creep deformation is acquiring increasing technical importance. A search through the literature (1, 2, 3, 4) for the mechanical properties of hard lead alloys reveals hardly any data on the creep behaviour of these materials. Genuine creep tests extending over prolonged periods are required in order to obtain definitive data on the strength properties of lead and its common engineering alloys. The following discussion reports on the results of creep tests lasting up to 80 000 hours on five types of hard lead.
    Notes: Die genaue Dimensionierung von Bauteilen, die einer Verformung durch Kriechen unterliegen, gewinnt in der Technik immer größere Bedeutung. Bei der Durchsicht des Schrifttums (1, 2, 3, 4) nach den mechanischen Eigenschaften von Hartbleilegierungen findet man kaum Angaben über das Zeitstandverhalten dieser Werkstoffe. Um eindeutige Aussagen über das Festigkeitsverfahren von Blei und seinen technisch gebräuchlichen Legierungen machen zu können, sind echte Zeitstandversuche über lange Zeiträume notwendig. Im folgenden wird über Ergebnisse aus Zeitstandversuchen bis zu 80 000 h an fünf Hartbleisorten berichtet.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080104
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  • 40
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    Haftfestigkeitsuntersuchungen an galvanischen Niederschlägen (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 16-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations on the Strength of Galvanic DepositsPure nickel, nickel alloys, austenitic steel, copper and aluminium alloys were coated with adhesive and heat resisting layers of nickel or copper by electroplating. Production and examination of these metal connections was performed by specially developed methods. The investigations demonstrated, that high quality metal connections can be produced by electroplating. These connections will be of great interest for construction and fabrication.
    Notes: Reinnickel, Nickellegierungen, austenitischer Stahl sowie Kupfer- und Aluminiumlegierungen wurden auf galvanischem Wege mit haftfesten und temperaturbeständigen Nickel- bzw. Kupferüberzügen beschichtet. Zur Herstellung und Untersuchung dieser Metallverbindungen wurden geeignete Verfahren und Prüfmethoden ausgearbeitet. Die Arbeiten konnten zeigen, daß auf galvanischem Wege hochwertige Metallverbindungen hergestellt werden können, die zum Einsatz in Konstruktion und Fertigung geeignet sind.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080106
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  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080201
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  • 42
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    Gerichtet erstarrte eutektische Werkstoffe. Von W. Kurz und P. R. Sabm. Reine und angewandte Metallkunde in Einzeldarstellungen, Band 25. 1. Auflage, Springer Verlag, Berlin/Göttingen/Heidelberg. 1975, 345 Seiten, 204 Bilder, 47 Tabellen, 16, 2 × 23, cm, Ln. 98,- DM (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 67-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080206
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  • 43
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    Lochkorrosion an passiven Legierungssystemen der Elemente Eisen, Chrom und Nickel (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 37-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Pitting corrosion on alloy systems of the elements iron, chromium and nickelPitting corrosion on stainless steels and nickel alloys is a serious problem in commercial operation, especially in the chemical industry, because its widespread occurrence and the usually fast rate of growth of such pits may substantially restrict the life of components and production facilities and possibly also give rise to environmental hazards. In this respect the nearly unlimited occurrence of chlorides which cause pitting, often even in very low concentrations, is a special disadvantage. As a result of this there have been many studies to determine the mechanisms, time regularities and parameters of pitting and to utilize them in commercial practice, i.e. to derive from them efficient protection against pitting. Since the research and study results described in literature do not give a uniform illustration of pitting and hardly permit a useful survey of the effect of the various parameters the series of publications starting with this contribution attempts to give a clear synopsis of the state of knowledge on pitting, to describe the customary test methods for determining potential pitting and to discuss their significance, and finally from our own extensive studies to show the regularities of pitting and to quantify as far as possible the parameters.Accordingly the subject has been divided into three main parts:Part 1. Pitting parameters - an analysis of literature. Fundamentals - attacking reagents - material influences.Part 2. Test methods to determine resistance to pitting - chemical tests - electrochemical investigations.Part 3. Electrochemical measurements to determine the parameters of pitting on homogenized materials. Based on the results of studies this part deals with systematic dependences of pitting on the nature of the attacking reagent (chloride concentration, hydrogen ion concentration, temperature) and the composition of the materials under study (effect of alloy components).
    Notes: Die Lochkorrosion an nichtrostenden Stählen und Nickellegierungen stellt ein ernsthaftes Problem für die Praxis dar, insbesondere für die chemische Industrie, weil durch die Häufigkeit des Auftretens und die meist hohe Wachstumsgeschwindigkeit der entstehenden Löcher eine erhebliche Beschränkung der Lebensdauer von Bauteilen und Produktionsanlagen und u. U. auch eine Gefährdung der Umwelt eintreten kann. Von besonderem Nachteil ist hierbei die beinahe uneingeschränkte Verbreitung der lochfraßauslösenden Chloride, die oft schon bei Vorliegen nur sehr geringer Konzentrationen wirksam werden. Es hat daher nicht an Untersuchungen gefehlt. Mechanismen, Zeitgesetze und Einflußgrößen der Lochkorrosion zu ermitteln und sie für die Praxis auszuwerten, d. h. einen gezielten Schutz vor Lochkorrosion nutzbar zu machen. Da die in der Literatur beschriebenen Forschungs- und Untersuchungsergebnisse kein einheitliches Bild der Lochkorrosion ergeben und kaum einen brauchbaren Überblick über die Abhängigkeit von den verschiedenen Einflußgrößen gestatten, wird mit dieser hir beginnenden Veröffentlichungsreihe der Versuch unternommen, den Stand des Wissens über die Lochkorrosion übersichtlich darzustellen, die gebräuchlichen Prüfverfahren zur Ermittlung der Lochfraßanfälligkeit zu beschreiben und ihre Aussagefähigkeit zu diskutieren sowie anhand eigener umfangreicher Untersuchungen die Gesetzmäßigkeiten der Lochkorrosion aufzuzeigen und die Einflußgrößen so weit wie möglich zu quantifizieren. Der Stoff ist aus diesem Grunde in drei Hauptteile gegliedert worden:Teil 1. Einflußgrößen der Lochkorrosion - eine Literaturauswertung. Grundlagen - Angriffsmittel - Werkstoffeinflüsse.Teil 2. Prüfverfahren zur Ermittlung der Lochkorrosionsbeständigkeit Chemische Prüfungen - Elektrochemische Untersuchungen.Teil 3. Elektrochemische Messungen zur Ermittlung von Einflußgrößen der Lochkorrosion an diffusionsgeglühten Werkstoffen. Dieser Teil behandelt - anhand von Untersuchungsergebnissen - systematische Abhängigkeiten der Lochkorrosionspotentiale von der Art des angreifenden Mediums (Chloridkonzentration, Wasserstoffionenkonzentration, Temperatur) und der Zusammensetzung der untersuchten Werkstoffe (Einfluß der Legierungselemente).
    Additional Material: 23 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080203
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    Methoden der finiten Elemente. Von O. C. Zienkiewicz. 1. Auflage, Carl Hanser Verlag, München-Wien. 1975, 504 Seiten, 214 Bilder, 15 Tabellen, Ln. 96,- DM (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 68-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080209
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  • 45
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    Der Technische Bericht. Von H. E. Marks. VDI-Taschenbücher, T 26. 2. neubearb, Auflage, VDI-Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf. 1975, 115 Seiten, 48 Bilder, 7 Tabellen, DIN A 5. 16,80 DM (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 68-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080210
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  • 46
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    Nachrichten-Hinweise (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. A20 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080303
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  • 47
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    Verhalten von Hochtemperatur-Lötverbindungen bei schwingender Belastung und erhöhten Temperaturen (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 82-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Fatigue behaviour of High Temperature Brazed Joints tested at elevated temperaturesFatigue testing, on a systematic and statistical basis, was carried our on high temperature brazed joints produced in the base metal NiCr20TiAl joined with BNi-5 and BAu-4 filler metals. The single-stage tests were conducted with various temperatures of 500 and 700 °C. Microscopic examination of the fracture surfaces (SEM) yielded information about crack initiation and propagation and the fracture behaviour of the joints.
    Notes: Es wurden systematische und statistisch abgesicherte Schwingfestigkeitsuntersuchungen an Hochtemperaturlöt-Verbindungen, NiCr20TiAl gelötet mit BNi-5 und BAu-4, im Einstufenversuch vorgenommen. Als Versuchsparameter kamen unterschiedliche Grenzspannungsverhältnisse sowie erhöhte Prüftemperaturen von 500 bzw. 700 °C zur Anwendung. Mikrofraktografische Untersuchungen gaben Hinweise über den Rißbeginn und den Rißfortschritt sowie über das Bruchverhalten der Proben.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080306
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  • 48
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    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080401
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  • 49
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    Ein Ansatz zur Berücksichtigung der Bauteilform und Bauteilgröße bei Lebensdauervorhersagen (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 105-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: A Concept to Calculate Notch- and Size-Effect for Fatigue Life PredictionThe fatigue behaviour of a specimen depends on its size and shape. To describe this, the following assumptions are made: There are flaws statistically distributed in the specimen. The largest of these flaws propagates during fatigue loading and forms the final crack. These two assumptions formulate a method for the calculation of the influence of specimen size and shape on fatigue life.This method is applied to own fatigue test results and to those presented in literature.
    Notes: Das Schwingverhalten eines Bauteiles ist abhängig von seiner Form und Größe. Zur Beschreibung dieses Einflusses wird der Ermüdungsvorgang im Zeitfestigkeitsgebiet wie folgt erklärt: In einem Bauteil befinden sich  -  statistisch verteilt  -  Fehlstellen bestimmter Größe. Die größte dieser Fehlstellen breitet sich durch die Schwingbelastung aus und führt zum Dauerbruch.Die mathematische Formulierung dieser beiden Annahmen führt auf ein Berechnungsverfahren, das es gestattet, die Lebensdauer eines Bauteiles im Zeitfestigkeitsgebiet in Abhängigkeit von seiner Form und Größe vorherzusagen.Die Gültigkeit dieses Verfahrens wird an Hand eigener und in der Literatur angegebener Versuchsergebnisse nachgewiesen.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080403
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  • 50
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    Mikroanalytische Untersuchungen des Ausscheidungsverhaltens in kommerziellen Alitier- und Chromalitierschutzschichten auf Nickelbasislegierungen und austenitischen StählenVortrag anläßlich der Tagung “Verbundwerkstoffe” der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Metallkunde vom 31. März bis 2. April 1976 in Konstanz. Veröffentlichung erfolgt mit freundlicher Genehmigung der DGM. (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 112-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Microanalytical Investigations of the Precipitation Behaviour of Commercial Aluminized and Chromium-Aluminized Coatings on Ni-Base Alloys and Austenitic SteelsThe precipitation and diffusion behaviour of commercial aluminized and chromiumaluminized coatings on nickel-base alloys and austenitic steels was studied by aid of an electron probe microanalyzer. It is shown, that the protected nickel-base alloys all have a similar layer structure: an external NiAl-layer, which is delimited by an intermediate CrNi-(Mo)-layer to a small Al- containing mixed crystal zone. In the case of aluminized austenitic steels only a very small NiAl-layer can be detected, followed by an extended Al-containing mixed crystal. These layers on Fe-base alloys are predamaged by a perforated zone, due to the Kirkendall-effect. A previous chromium diffusion prevents this effect, but the diffusion behavior was not influenced during an extended heat treatment. The protected nickel-base alloys showed the best durability during long time oxidation tests.
    Notes: Mit Hilfe eines Elektronenstrahlmikroanalysators wurde das Ausscheidungs- und Diffusionsverhalten von kommerziell hergestellten Alitier- und Chromalitierschichten auf Nickelbasislegierungen und austenitischen Stählen untersucht. Dabei zeigte es sich, daß die geschützten Nickelbasislegierungen alle einen ähnlichen Schichtaufbau aufweisen: eine NiAl-Außenschicht, die durch eine chromhaltige Zwischenschicht gegen den schmalen Al-haltigen Mischkristall abgegrenzt ist. Bei den austenitischen Stählen tritt nur eine sehr schmale NiAl-Zone auf, auf die ein ausgedehnter Al-haltiger Mischkristallbereich folgt. Diese Schichten auf Eisenbasislegierungen sind durch eine Kirkendall-Lochbildung vorgeschädigt. Eine der Alitierung vorangegangene Chromierung verhindert die Lochbildung, allerdings beeinflußt sie das Diffusionsverhalten der Schicht bei längerem Wärmebehandeln kaum. Bei den orientierenden Langzeitoxidationstests zeigt sich die überlegene Beständigkeit der alitierten- und chromalitierten Nickelbasislegierungen.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080405
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  • 51
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    Rhetorik für den Ingenieur. Von G. Ammelburg. 1. Auflage, VDI- Verlag, Düsseldorf. 1975, 174 Seiten, 10 Bilder, 12,7 × 19,5 cm. Kart. 16,80 DM VDI-Mitglieder erhalten 10% Preisnachlaß (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 139-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080410
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  • 52
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    Schrauben-Vademecum. Unter obigen Namen gibt die Firma Bauer & Schaurte, Further Straße 24/26 4040 Neuss/Rhein, ein sehr interessantes Buch heraus, das gegen eine Schutzgebühr von DM 14 - abgegeben wird. Bei Einzelbestellung erfolgt der Versand grundsätzlich gegen Nachnahme (die Nachnahmegebühr beträgt z. Z. 4,70 DM, so daß bei Einzelbestellung das Buch 18,70 DM kostet) (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 139-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080409
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  • 53
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    Schweißen nichtrostender Stähle. Von F. W. Strassburg, Fachbuchreihe Schweißtechnik Band 67. 1. Auflage, Deutscher Verlag für Schweißtechnik GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf. 1976, 216 Seiten, 185 Bilder, 89 Tabellen, DIN C 5. 39,- DM (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 139-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080411
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    Kunststoffe für hohe elektrische Beanspruchungen. Von R. Kubens, H. -D Martin u. a. Band 6 Kontakt +. Studium. 1. Auflage Lexika- Verlag, Postfach 2, 7031 Grafenau 1/Württ., 1976, 187 Seiten, zahlreiche Bilder, Tabellen, DIN A 5. Kart. ca. 25, - DM (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 140-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080412
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    Kurzreferate zu den Originalarbeiten (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. A29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080417
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    Masthead (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080501
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    Verzug von Stählen infolge Wärmebehandlung (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 149-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Distortion of Steels Due to Heat TreatmentDistortion comprises size and shape distortion. Size distortion is brought about by thermal stresses and structural changes, mainly by hardening and tempering. Thermal stresses cause size-dependant, structural changes size-in dependent distortion. Size-distortion is a system property. Tempering at room temperature over a long period of time influences the size stability. Material anisotropy leads to directional distortion. Shape distortion or warpage originates in residual stresses and differences within the material. Further a nonsymmetrical temperature distribution or geometry of the part have to be considered.
    Notes: Verzug umfaßt Maß- und Formänderungen. Maßänderungen entstehen durch Wärmespannungen und Gefügeumwandlungen, insbesondere beim Härten und Anlassen. Wärmespannungen bewirken abmessungsabhängige, Gefügeumwandlungen abmessungsunabhängige Maßänderungen. Das Maßänderungsverhalten ist eine Systemeigenschaft. Anlaßvorgänge durch langzeitige Auslagerung bei Raumtemperatur beeinträchtigen die Maßstabilität. Werkstoffanisotropie führt zu richtungsabhängiger Maßänderung. Formänderungen haben ihre Ursache in Reststpannungen und Unterschieden im Werkstoff. Weiter Kommen unsymmetrische Temperaturführung oderunsymmetrische Werkstückgeometrie in Betracht.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080504
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    Kurzreferate zu den Originalarbeiten (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. A37 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080509
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  • 59
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    Designers can solve materials problems in nuclear technologyPlenary Lecture at ACHEMA 1976, Frankfurt/M. (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 177-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Lösung von Werkstoffproblemen in der Kerntechnik durch konstruktive MaßnahmenWerkstoffprobleme in Kernenergie-Anlagen können nur im Zusammenhang mit der Konstruktion, der Fertigung, Betriebsführung, der Wartung und Überwachung gesehen und gelöst werden. Eine enge Zusammenarbeit zwischen Konstrukteur und erkstofffachmann ist daher dringend erforderlich. Dies wird in der vorliegenden Arbeit am Beispiel einiger Entwicklungen im Zusammenhang mit Leichtwasser-Reaktoren diskutiert. Von besondere Bedeutung bei der Entwicklung neuer Werkstoffe und neuer Fertigungstechnologien sind die Begriffe Zuverlässigkeit und Sicherheit der Anlagen durch Qualitätssicherung.
    Notes: Materials problems in nuclear power stations can rarely be dealt with independently of design, maintenance, including operation, inspection and control as well as environmental factors. Therefore they require combined efforts of designers and materials, specialists. The paper illustrates this by examples of some current developments of light-water reactors: tubing in condensers and steam generators in PWR, primary piping in BWR, pressure vessels and fuel elements. Keywords in the development of materials engineering and technology in this field are reliability and safety through quality assurance, rather than increased efficiency and performance data.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080603
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  • 60
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    Konstruieren mit neuen hochfesten Stählen mit niedrigem Ausdehnungskoeffizienten (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 204-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Designing with new high-strength low-expansion steelsThe potential of high-strength low-expansion steels has been illustrated by a series of specific design examples through comparing performance against that of alternative materials. The new products have advantages where large temperature excursions are encountered in piping and pressure vessel applications. The benefits to be gained through using the alloys in the design of labyrinth seals are also demonstrated. Finally the position with respect to diesel engine combustion chamber components is examined, and the alloys are shown to be better than alternatives. Apart from the different design requirements in the above applications, other possible applications are suggested, based on this work which has shown one of their main design merits to be low expansivity coupled with low moduls resulting in very low thermal stresses.
    Notes: Die Eignung neuer hochfester Stähle mit niedrigem Ausdehnungskoeffizienten wird an verschiedenen Konstruktionsbeispielen durch Vergleich mit anderen Werkstoffen dargestellt. Die neuen Stähle eignen sich vor allem für Rohrleitungen und Druckbehälter, bei denen große Temperaturbereiche auftreten. Die Vorteile der Legierungen bei der Konstruktion von Labyrinthdichtungen werden ebenfalls aufgezeigt. Untersucht wird das Verhalten der Stähle im Brennkammerbereich von Dieselmotoren. Außer den unterschiedlichen konstruktionsmäßigen Anforderungen werden aufgrund der vorliegenden Arbeit weitere mögliche Einsatzgebiete erörtert. Der für die Konstruktion wesentliche Vorteil der neuen Legierungen besteht in ihrem niedrigen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten in Verbindung mit geringem E-Modul und den daraus resultierenden sehr geringen Wärmespannungen.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080606
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    Taschenbuch Werkstoffprüfung Band 1, Taschenbuch Werkstoffprüfung Band II. Von W. Kurzmann, G. Balla, G. Wagner. 1. Auflage, VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig 1976, Bd. 1404 Seiten, Bd. II 395 Seiten, zahlreiche Tabellen, DIN A 4, Kunststoffeinband 20,  -  DM (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 211-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080610
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  • 62
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    Der Seigerhüttenprozeß. Von L. Subling. 1. Auflage, Dr. Riederer-Verlag GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart 1. 1976, 194 Seiten, 24 Bilder, 17 × 24 cm. Klebebindung 34,  - DM, zzgl. Porto (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 211-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080613
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  • 63
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    Nachrichten-Hinweise (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. A50 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080702
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  • 64
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    Das Buch der Schadensfälle. Von F. K. Naumann. 1. Auflage, Dr. Riederer-Verlag GmbH 7000 Stuttgart 1. 1976, 481 Seiten, 982 Bilder, zahlreiche Tabellen, Darstellungen, teilweise farbig. Fest gebunden 124,  - DM, zuzügl. Porto (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 212-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080614
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    Kurzreferate zu den Originalarbeiten (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. A45 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080618
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  • 66
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    Chirulen®  -  ein Halbzeug aus ultrahochmolekularem Polyäthylen für ImplantateAnmerkung: eingetragenes Warenzeichen der Ruhrchemie AG, Chirulen® wird hergestellt aus dem von der Hoechst AG vertriebenen Hostalen GUR, eingetragenes Warenzeichen der Hoechst AG (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 229-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Chirulen® - a semifinished material from UHMW-PE for surgical implantsThis report deals with the development of the joint replacement, especially concerning Chirulen®. This product consists of a semifinished material from UHMW-PE with extremely high purity grade prepared by the Ziegler low pressure polymerisation process. According to biological and clinical tests Chirulen® has proved its worth as artificial limb material because of its excellent physical properties. Its particular advantages are:1excellent friction and abrasion properties during physiological processes involved in walking, when there is a force of about five times the body weight on the femur bone.2no marked difference in the physical properties at the sterilization with γ-rays.The tendency to replace by an artificial limb other damaged joints, e. g. knee, shoulder, elbow, hand and finger joints is increasing. At these constructions the combination metal/UHMW-PE especially is preferred.
    Notes: Es wird eine zusammenfassende Darstellung über die Entwicklung der Gelenkplastik - insbesondere unter Berücksichtigung von Chirulen®- gegeben. Bei diesem Material handelt es sich um ein Halbzeug aus ultrahochmolekularem Polyäthylen mit sehr hohem Reinheitsgrad, das nach dem Ziegler-Verfahren hergestellt wird. Es hat sich nach biologischen Prüfungen und klinischen Befunden wegen seiner günstigen physikalischen Eigenschaften als Prothesenmaterial gut bewährt. Seine besonderen Vorzüge sind, daß es1während des physiologischen Gangablaufes, bei dem am Schenkelkopf eine Druckkraft von etwa dem 5fachen Körpergewicht auftritt, hervorragende Gleit- und Verschleißeigenschaften zeigt, und2bei der Sterilisation mit γ-Strahlen keine merkliche Änderung in den physikalischen Eigenschaften aufweist.Die Tendenz, auch andere schadhafte Gelenke, wie Knie-, Schulter-, Ellenbogen, Hand- und Fingergelenke, durch eine Prothese zu ersetzen, nimmt stetig zu. Auch bei diesen Konstruktionen bietet sich die Kombination Metall/ultrahochmolekulares Polyäthylen besonders an.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080705
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    Grundlagen der Wämebehandlung von Stahl. (Umwandlung, Ausscheidung und Rekristallisation). Berichte, gehalten im Kontaktstudium „Werkstoffkunde eisen und Stahl“. Herausgegeben von Professor Dr. rer. nat. Wolfgang Pitsch. Format DIN A 4. IV.223 Seiten mit 363 Bildern und 16 Tafeln. 1976 Verlag Stahleisen mbH., 4 Düsseldorf. 79,-DM (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 248-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080714
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    Masthead (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080801
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    Tribologische Prüfungen an Oberflächenschichten, die durch Eindiffusion von Stickstoff, Schwefel, Zinn, bor oder Vanadium in Stahl gebildet wurden (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 267-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Tribological Tests on Surface Layers Formed by the Diffusion of Nitrogen, Sulphur, Tin, Boron or Vanadium into SteelThe stated surface layers were tested by the pin and disc system. To characterize their tribological behaviour, the wear rates, the morphologies of the worn surfaces and the friction coefficient are presented.
    Notes: Durch unterschiedliche Diffusionsbehandlungen auf Stahl gebildete Oberflächenschichten wurden mit dem Stift-Scheibe-System unter Schmierung tribologisch geprüft und anhand des Verschleißbetrages, der Morphologie der Verschleißflächen sowie des Reibungskoeffizienten beurteilt.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080806
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    Verhalten von Zink in Verbindung mit bituminösen Baustoffen. Von C. A. Witt und D. Haller, herausgegeben von Zinkberatung e. V. Band 4, Korrosionsverhalten von Zink. 1. Auflage, Metall-Verlag GmbH, Berlin. 1977 36 Seiten, DIN A 5. broschiert, 8.50 DM einschl. MWST (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 287-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080810
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  • 71
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    Kurzreferate zu den Originalarbeiten (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. A61 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080814
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    Werkstoffermüdung. Von Günter Schott (Hrsg.), 1. Auflage, VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig. 1977. 328 Seiten, 252 Bilder, 29 Tabellen, kart. 20,50 DM (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 288-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080812
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    Masthead (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080901
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    Nachrichten-Hinweise (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. A63 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080813
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    Nachrichten-Hinweise (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. A66 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080902
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    Development of a Turbine Rotor of Silicon NitrideNachdruck eines Vortrages auf der Fifth AMMRC Materials Technology Conference, Ceramic for High Performance Applications. Newport, R. I., 21.-25. März 1977 (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 294-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Entwicklung eines Turbinenlaufrades aus SiliziumnitridEs wird über Arbeiten berichtet, das Turbinenlaufrad einer Automobilgasturbine aus Hochtemperaturkeramik zu entwickeln. Das Laufrad soll eine Nabe aus heißgepreßtem Siliziumnitrid und einen Schaufelkranz aus reaktionsgesintertem Siliziumnitrid erhalten. Drei unterschiedliche Fertigungstechniken werden untersucht. Prototypen dieses Laufrades haben bei Umgebungstemperatur Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten von 385 m/s erreicht. Vereinfachte Schaufelkränze haben Thermoschocks von 500 K/s widerstanden. Langzeitversuche zeigten, daß bei Temperaturen von 1170 K Oxydationsangriffe auf das reaktionsgesinterte Material auftreten können.
    Notes: Description of the development of ceramic turbine rotor consisting of a hot pressed silicon nitride hub and reaction sintered silicon nitride blade ring. Three different fabrication concepts are being investigated. At room temperature, prototype rotors have attained circumferential speeds up to 385 m/s. Simplified blade rings have survived gas temperature changes of 500 K/s. At temperatures of 1170 K, oxidation may reduce the strength of a reaction sintered component.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080904
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    Materials Science and its Levels of Development (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 289-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zum gegenwärtigen Stand der WerkstoffwissenschaftenWerkstoffwissenschaften als neue Philosophie.Was bedeutet der Begriff Werkstoffwissenschaften?Gründe zur Einführung von Kursen in Australien und den USA und Beschreibung des Lehrangebots für Studenten der Ingenieur- und verwandter Wissenschaften. Bedeutung der Werkstoffwissenschaften in anderen Ländern. Ist der Begriff „Werkstoffwissenschaften“, der mit der Studienreform in Deutschland an einigen Universitäten und Technischen Hochschulen eingeführt wurde, gleichbedeutend mit dem Begriff „Materials Science“?Beschreibung von Lehrveranstaltungen in Australien und den USA.
    Notes: Materials Science as a new philosophy. What is Materials Science? Prerequisites for its introduction. Reasons for creating courses in Australia and the U.S.A. and description of its teaching as a servicing subject to students of engineering and related sciences (lower level) and as an individual subject (upper level). The success of Materials Science in other countries. Is Werkstoffwissenschaften, the term given after the Studienreform to some of the new Fachbereiche replacing the former Faculties at many Technical Universities in the former Faculties at many Technical Universities in the Federal Republic of Germany, the same as Materials Science? Description of Materials Science courses in Australia and the U.S.A.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080903
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    Berichtigung (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 320-320 
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    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080907
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    Nachrichten-Hinweise (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. A71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080908
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  • 80
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    Kurzreferate zu den Originalarbeiten (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. A69 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080909
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  • 81
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    Beitrag zum Lebensdauerverhalten und zur zerstörungsfreien Bewertung geschweißter und fehlerbehafteter ultrafester Stähle (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 300-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Relationship between fatigue behaviour and non-destructive assessment of weld defects of TIG-welded ultra-high strength steelsWith respect to the influence of welding defects on the fatigue properties of welded high strength special steels and on the dynamic load carrying capacity of joints in welded constructions, a minimum of information is available. For this reason, the preparation of an assessment standard for classifying weld defects was considered practical, whereby the character of the defects was to be determined using non-destructive testing methods.The investigations were concerned with a special method of producing specimens containing defined and reproducable defects, with the characterization of the defects using X-ray and ultrasonic techniques, and with the determination of the influence of the weld defects on the fatigue strength of TIG-welded joints.As a result of the investigations, a relationship between allowable and critical defect size with respect to an assessment standard has been sought. By introducing weighting factors for various types and sizes of defects occurring in welds the efficiency of non-destructive testing methods for the assessment of weld defects is considerably increased.
    Notes: Über den Einfluß von Schweißfehlern auf die Schwingfestigkeit von hochfesten geschweißten Sonderstählen und die dynamische Tragfähigkeit von Schweißverbindungen in Bauteilen ist wenig bekannt.Die Aufstellung eines Bewertungsmaßstabes für die Fehlereinflüsse zerstörungsfrei ermittelter Fehler nach Größe und Form war erforderlich.Über die Schaffung einer speziellen Herstellungsmethode für künstlich reproduzierbare Volumenfehler ließen sich Teilfragen, die den Abfall der Schwingfestigkeit durch Schweißgutfehler und deren Bewertbarkeit mittels zerstörungsfreier Prüfmethoden, insbesondere der radiografischen und ultraakustischen Untersuchungsmethoden, betrafen, beantworten.Danach sollten die Fehler anstelle der Relation von zulässiger Fehlergröße, bezogen auf die Wanddicke im untersuchten Bereich, besser auf eine Bezugsgröße auf der Basis eines zulässigen Fehlers im Verhältnis zum kritischen Fehler definiert werden. Durch die Einführung entsprechender Wichtungsfaktoren für im Schweißgut auftretende Fehler sollen erhebliche, bis zu 50% betragende Bewertungsunterschiede eliminiert werden.
    Additional Material: 30 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080905
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  • 82
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    Nachrichten-Hinweise (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. A74 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770081002
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  • 83
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    Masthead (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770081001
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  • 84
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    Über die Verschiebung der neutralen Linie und ihr Zusammenhang mit den Randfaserspannungen bei biegebeanspruchten Plastomeren (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 314-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The displacement of the neutral axis as a function of the stress level in a deflected cantilever beam of two polymeric materialsDesigning of stress - bearing polymeric products is usually done by employment of the Hookean formula.This procedure whide is sufficient for classic material will give only approximations when employed for polymeric materials.The support of stress is usually better (less deformation) in practice as calculated. This report tries to explain the observed deviations. By the means of several measuring methods the different response for load in tension than in compression is shown.Hints for design considerations are given.
    Notes: Da bei biegebeanspruchten Bauteilen dem Bereich auf der einen Seite der neutralen Linie eine Druckspannung und dem anderen eine Zugspannung aufgeprägt wird, wurde die Durchbiegung von plastomeren Balkenprüfkörpern dazu benutzt. Aussagen über das Zusammenwirken des unterschiedlichen Zug- und Druckverhaltens zu bekommen. Dazu wurde einmal die Verschiebung der neutralen Linie spannungsoptisch sichtbar gemacht und gemessen und bei gleichen Verhältnissen die Randfaserdehnung mit Dehnungsmeßstreifen ermittelt. Die optischen Versuche wurden an PMMA durchgeführt und die DMS-Technik an PMMA und PVC angewandt.Die ermittelten Werte zeigen mit zunehmender Beanspruchungsgröße Unterschiede im Zug- und Druckspannungsbereich. Um genauere Kenntnisse der Zusammenhänge zu erlangen, wurden die mittels DMS ermittelten Randfaserdehnungen mit den aus dem Hookeschen Gesetz errechneten Werten verglichen.Außerdem wurde durch Auswertung der Isochromatenbilder und der Hauptgleichung der Spannungsoptik die Größe der Randfaserspannungen abgeschätzt. Der Vergleich der nach den verschiedenen Methoden ermittelten Werten zeigt zwar die gleiche Tendenz aber Unterschiede in den erhaltenen Ergebnissen. Hieraus sind einige Folgerungen zu ziehen, die es ermöglichen können, zu einer optimaleren Bauteilgestaltung und Dimensionierung bei biegebeanspruchten Teilen zu gelangen.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770080906
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  • 85
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    Statische und dynamische Dauerfestigkeit von Aluminiumoxid-Sinterkörpern (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 328-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Static and Dynamic Fatigue Strength of Sintered Alumina CeramicsThe investigation have indicated that also high strength ceramic materials with practically no plasticity show similar “Wöhler-graphs” to plastically deformable materials such as steel, according to the measurements described here. Such “Wöhler” -like graphs apply to flexural, tensile and compressive strains as well as to the resistance against impact.After these results it can be concluded that a lower threshold exists for mechanical stresses below which the crack propagation comes to a stop. This leads to the conception of fatigue strength. The assumption of such a threshold value is not unopposed in theory however. It is therefore essential that more investigations be carried out over a longer period of time in order to answer this question finally.
    Notes: Die Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, daß sich auch für hochfeste keramische Werkstoffe mit praktisch fehlender Plastizität ähnliche Wöhlerkurven ergeben, wie sie für plastisch verformbare Werkstoffe - wie Stähle - bekannt sind. Solche wöhlerartigen Kurven gelten nach den vorliegenden Messungen für Biege-, Zug- und Druckspannungen sowie für den Widerstand gegenüber schlagartigen Einwirkungen. Aus den vorgefundenen Ergebnissen läßt sich folgern, daß es einen unteren Grenzwert für mechanische Beanspruchungen gibt, unter dem der Rißfortschritt zum Stillstand kommt. Daraus kann der Begriff der Dauerfestigkeit abgeleitet werden.Die Annahme eines solchen Grenzwertes ist jedoch vielfach aus theoretischen Gründen nicht widerspruchsfrei anerkannt. Es müssen daher weitere Messungen über wesentlich längere Zeiträume hinweg erfolgen, um diese Frage endgültig zu entscheiden.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770081004
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  • 86
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    Ein Beitrag zur Beurteilung verschleißfester Nickel-Bor-Silicium-Hartlegierungen (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 331-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: A Study of Wear Resistant Nickel-Boron-Silicon Coating AlloysNickel-Boron-Silicon alloy powders are used for wear and corrosion resistant coatings. Immediately after powder deposit on carbon or stainless steels these coatings should possess their final qualities. But there is a strong dependance of the properties on the thermodynamic equilibrium and on the volumetric relation of the Nickel solid solution to the enclosed hard phases. Therefore it is necessary to know the formation of the phases according to the equilibrium temperature and the fluid miscibility with the base material during coating process.
    Notes: Nickel-Bor-Silizium-Legierungspulver werden als Oberflächenbeschichtungsmaterialien zum Verschleiß- und Korrosionsschutz verarbeitet. Sie sollen nach dem Aufbringen auf Eisenbasiswerkstoffe bereits ihre Gebrauchseigenschaften besitzen, die jedoch stark vom thermodynamischen Gleichgewichtszustand und damit von dem volumenmäßigen Verhältnis der Nickelmatrix zu den eingelagerten Hart-phasen bestimmt werden. Zur Abschätzung der Gebrauchseigenschaften ist es deshalb nötig, die Phasenverhältnisse in Abhängigkeit der Gleichgewichtstemperatur und der Aufmischung mit dem jeweiligen Grundwerkstoff zu kennen.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770081005
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  • 87
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    Beeinflussung von Korrosion und Kavitations-Korrosion in Kühlmitteln durch Inhibitoren (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 321-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Inhibition of Corrosion and Cavitation-Corrosion in CoolantsBased on the results of literature data the properties of modern inhibitors are described.The test results of antifreezes, oils for corrosion protection and chemicals are dealt with. The behaviour of coolants added to these substances in different concentration was studied on corrosion and cavitation-corrosion tests.Furthermore the ageing resistance was determined by simulating motor tests. For use in practice, besides the inhibition effect and ageing resistance the influence of the admixtures on heat transfer, forming of layers, properties of packing materials and maintenance conditions are to be considered.
    Notes: An Hand einer Literaturrecherche wird zunächst die Wirkungsweise von heute üblichen Inhibitoren beschrieben.Dann wird berichtet über die Prüfung von Gefrierschutzmitteln, Korrosionsschutzölen und Chemicals im Hinblick auf ihre Wirkung gegenüber verschiedenen metallischen Werkstoffen in Wasser unterschiedlicher Härte. Neben Korrosionsversuchen werden Schwingungskavitationsversuche durchgeführt, außerdem wird die Alterungsbeständigkeit der Substanzen in einem Simulationsversuch ermittelt. Für den Einsatz in der Praxis ist neben Schutzwirkung und Alterungsbeständigkeit auch der Einfluß der Zusätze auf Wärmeübergang, Belagbildung, Eigenschaften von Dichtungsmaterialien und Wartungsaufwand zu berücksichtigen.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770081003
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  • 88
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    Über die Fehlerauffindbarkeit als Hauptforderung an die zerstörungsfreie Werkstoffprüfung (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 335-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: About the Detection of Imperfections as a Main Task for Nondestructive TestingThe inspection uncertainty is identified which is a measure of the difference between the size of imperfection that has a high probability of being passed and the size of imperfection that has a high probability of being rejected by an inspection. Reduction of the inspection uncertainty is the only means by which one can reduce inspection errors as the acceptance of defective material units and the rejection of sound material units.The discussion is presented within a framework that allows a quantitative evaluation of the quality of the material units that pass an inspection and a determin ation of the rejection rate. Analysis of the causes of inspection uncertainty is essential to efficient strategies for improving nondestructive inspection capabilities.
    Notes: Es wird die Inspektionsunsicherheit von Bauteilen erfaßt, die ein Maß für den Unterschied zwischen der Fehlergröße, welche mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit nicht entdeckt wird und jener, die mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit durch die zerstörungsfreie Werkstoffprüfung ausgeschieden wird, darstellt. Die Verringerung der Inspektionsunsicherheit ist das einzige Mittel, mit dem man sowohl Prüffehler wie die Zulassung von fehlerhaften Teilen und die Aussonderung von einwandfreien Prüfstücken verringern kann. Es wird der Rahmen dafür abgesteckt, der eine quantitative Bewertung der Qualität von Bauteilen gestattet, welche zu keiner Beanstandung bei der zerstörungsfreien Werkstoffprüfung führen und der die Bestimmung der Ausfallrate ermöglicht. Eine Analyse der Ursachen für die Inspektionsunsicherheit ist von entscheidendem Wert für wirksame Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung zerstörungsfreier Prüfverfahren.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770081006
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  • 89
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    Die Herstellung von Dispersionswerkstoffen (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 354-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The Production of Dispersion MaterialsThe various methods forproducing dispersion materials are compared with the galvanic codeposition of composites. Problems of application technology parameters of galvanic codeposition and possibilities of future developments are discussed.
    Notes: Die verschiedenen Methoden zur Herstellung von Dispersionswerkstoffen werden mit der galvanischen Mitabscheidung von Feststoffen verglichen. Anwendungsmöglichkeiten und künftige Entwicklungen werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770081009
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  • 90
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    Nachrichten-Hinweise (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. A79 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770081010
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  • 91
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    Structure and mechanical Properties of Al-40% Cu Directionally Solidified AlloyThis work had been done at the Dept. of Production Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo; the authors are now with Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung, Düsseldorf (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 340-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Gefüge und mechanische Eigenschaften einer gerichtet erstarrten Al-40% Cu-LegierungAl-40% Cu-Legierungen handelsüblicher Reinheit wurden unter konstantem Temperaturgradienten (G) von 9 K/mm mit Erstarrungsgeschwindigkeiten (R) von 8 bis 305 μm/s gerichtet erstarrt. Es wurde jeweils eine Zellstruktur mit einem faserartigen CuAl2-Primärdendriten in der Zellenmitte gefunden. Der Primärdendrit ist von einer gefiederten eutektischen Struktur umgeben. Demgegenüber bestehen die Zellgrenzen aus einer aufgeweiteten eutektischen Struktur. Zellabstand bzw. Abstand zwischen benachbarten CuAl2 -Primärdendriten ändern sich mit R-1/3. Die Streckgrenze wächst mit R an, sie ist für ähnliche Wachstumsbedingungen niedriger als diejenige des reinen Al—CuAl2 -Eutektikums. Es wurde die Bruchfestigkeit der Primärdendriten geschätzt und ein Anstieg mit abnehmender Querschnittsfläche gefunden.
    Notes: Commercial purity Al-40% Cu alloys were directionally solidified under a constant temperature gradient of 9 K/mm and growth rate (R) varying from 8 to 305 μm/sec. Cellular structure was obtained with a single primary CuAl2 rod-like dendrite in the cell centre and a fanned-out eutectic structure surrounding it, while the boundary was composed of a coarser eutectic structure. The intercellular spacing and/or the CuAl2 interdendritic spacing varied with (R)-1/3. The UTS increased with R and was found to be lower than that of Al—CuAl2 eutectics grown under similar conditions. The fracture strength of the primary CuAl2 dendrites was calculated and was found to increase with decreasing their cross-sectional area.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770081007
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  • 92
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    Die Beeinflussung der mechanischen Eigenschaften von gehärtetem Wälzlagerstahl 100 Cr6 durch hydrostatischen Druck (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 344-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The Influence of Hydrostatic Pressure on the Mechanical Properties of Hardened Rolling Bearing Steel 100 Cr6The paper describes the influence of hydrostatic pressure on the mechanical properties of differently heat-treated rolling bearing steel 100Cr6 based on the triaxial stressing in elements in rolling contact. It is illustrated that hydrostatic pressure superposed on tension changes the data of the tension test depending on the state of the material. While the yield point is not influenced by the pressure, the resistance to fracture and the ductility considerably increase under pressure the increase under pressure being dependent on the heat treatment. The test results show that an optimum adjustment of the heat treatment is possible only if the test conditions reflect the real field conditions. Finally, the applicability of some of the results to the behaviour of material in rolling contact is discussed.
    Notes: Ausgehend von der mehrachsigen Beanspruchung in Wälzelementen durch den Überrollungsvorgang wird der Einfluß eines hydrostatischen Druckes auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften des unterschiedlich gehärteten Wälzlagerstahls 100Cr6 beschrieben. Es wird gezeigt, daß ein dem Zugversuch überlagerter Druck die Kenngrößen des Zugversuches je nach vorliegendem Werkstoffzustand unterschiedlich verändert. Während die Elastizitätsgrenze vom Druck unabhängig ist, steigen Bruchfestigkeit und plastische Verformbarkeit unter Druck erheblich an, wobei die Zunahme dieser Größen durch den Druck von der Wärmebehandlung abhängt. Die Versuchsergebnisse belegen, daß eine exakte Optimierung der Wärmebehandlung nur unter wirklichkeitsgleichen Versuchsbedingungen möglich ist. Abschließend wird versucht, einige der ermittelten Ergebnisse auf das Verhalten des Werkstoffs bei der Wälzbeanspruchung zu übertragen.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770081008
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  • 93
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    Kurzreferate zu den Originalarbeiten (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. A77 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770081011
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  • 94
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    Masthead (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770081101
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  • 95
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    Nachrichten-Hinweise (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. A82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770081102
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  • 96
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    Nachrichten-Hinweise (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. A84 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770081103
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  • 97
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    Versagensverhalten von PMMA bei ebener Beanspruchung - Diskussion hexagonaler Versagenskriterien (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 379-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Failure Behaviour of PMMA - Discussion of Hexagonal Failure CriteriaUsing Mohr' s theory of strength, several failure criteria are derived. These are discussed by considering the failure behavior of biaxially loaded, thin-walled, tubular specimens of PMMA. The results are represented in the principal stress plane as well as in the principal strain plane. The normal fracture, respectively the shear fracture of the tested PMMA can be characterized by the Paul-criterion.This is a combination of the Coulomb-Mohr- and the normal stress-criterion.
    Notes: Aufbauend auf der Mohrschen Festigkeitstheorie werden verschiedene Versagenskriterien mit hexagonalen Versagenskörpern hergeleitet. Deren Aussagen werden an dem Versagensverhalten dünnwandiger, rohrförmiger PMMA-Probekörper bei ebener Kurzzeitbelastung diskutiert. Die Darstellung erfolgt sowohl in der Hauptspannungs- als auch in der Hauptdehnungsebene. Das von der Belastungskombination abhängige Schubbruch- bzw. Trennbruchversagen kann mit Hilfe des Paul-Kriteriums beschrieben werden, das einer Kombination aus Coulomb-Mohr- und Normalspannungskriterium entspricht.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770081107
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    Schadensverhütung in Chemiebetrieben durch systematische SchadensuntersuchungErweiterte Fassung eines Vortrags anläßlich des 2. Symposiums “Loss Prevention and Safety Promotion in the Process Industries”, 6.-9. September 1977, Heidelberg (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 357-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Prevention of Damage in Chemical Plants through Systematic Failure AnalysisThe necessity of insuring both the safety and the efficiency of chemical plants requires a thorough knowledge of the range of strain caused by the particular operating conditions as well as the reaction of the materials. The systematic failure analysis offers a significant possibility of closing gaps in the knowledge of this field. Independent of the particular failure the procedure of any failure analysis is characterized by specific recurring stages in the phases of decision, evaluation, and examination. The methods of failure analyses are illustrated in the paper by several examples derived from the experiences made in a chemical plant. An outline is given about the possibilities and information limits of the test methods. Failure analysis does not only contribute to a better understanding of materials behaviour but to better design too. Besides that it stimulates developments with regard to materials composition, processing, testing, and standardizing. The experience derived from failure analyses ought to be documented as well as widely published.
    Notes: Die Anforderungen an die Sicherheit und die Leistung von Chemieanlagen setzen zum einen die Kenntnis des verfahrensbedingten Beanspruchungsspektrums voraus und zum anderen einen überblick über die Werkstoffreaktion. Das Durchführen systematischer Schadensanalysen gestattet, insbesondere auf dem Gebiet der Werkstoffreaktionen Kenntnislücken zu schließen. Der Verlauf einer Schadensuntersuchung ist unabhängig vom jeweiligen Schadensfall durch ständig wiederkehrende Schritte innerhalb der Phasen Entschlußfassung, Untersuchung und Auswertung gekennzeichnet. Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Aussagen von Untersuchungsverfahren im Rahmen von Schadensanalysen werden diskutiert. Anhand einiger Schadensfälle wird das Vorgehen verdeutlicht. Schadensuntersuchungen tragen nicht nur zum besseren Verständnis des Werkstoffverhaltens unter Betriebsbeanspruchung bei sondern auch zum Optimieren von Konstruktionen. Darüber hinaus können Entwicklung, Verarbeitung, Prüfung und Normung von Werkstoffen entscheidend beeinflußt werden. Die im Rahmen von Schadensanalysen erarbeiteten Erfahrungen sollten gesammelt und einem möglichst großen Personenkreis zugänglich gemacht werden.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770081104
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  • 99
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    Zusammenhänge zwischen Werkstoffverhalten und Eigenschaftsänderungen von Phenoplast-Formstoffen bei thermischer BeanspruchungKurzfassung der vom Fachbereich Maschinenbau der T. H. genehmigten Dissertation D 17, Darmstadt 1977, Berichterstatter Prof. Dr.-Ing. H. Wiegand, Mitberichterstatter Prof. Dr.-Ing. C.-M. v. Meysenbug und Prof. Dr.-Ing. L. Göttsching (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 371-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Relationship between Behaviour of Material and Alteration of Properties of Phenolic Moulded Material under the Action of HeatUnder heat ageing composites (multiphase systems) from resin/wood flour/stone powder change their properties mainly according to the behaviour and the portion of their components.Models of structure allow description of typical mechanismen leading to damage under thermal ageing.The knowledge of these connections found out on mostly gravimetric, mechanical and electrical alteration of properties aims at an accurate selection of material and an optimal application.
    Notes: Unter Wärmeeinwirkung verändern Teilchenverbundwerkstoffe, bestehend aus den Hauptkomponenten Harz/Holzmehl/Gesteinsmehl, ihre Eigenschaften überwiegend entsprechend dem Verhalten und dem Anteil der Einzelkomponenten.Einfache Strukturmodelle ermöglichen die Beschreibung typischer Schädigungsmechanismen infolge thermischer Beanspruchung. Die Kenntnis dieser Zusammenhänge, ermittelt an vorwiegend gravimetrischen, mechanischen und elektrischen Eigenschaftsänderungen führt zu einer gezielten Werkstoffauswahl bei größtmöglicher Werkstoffnutzung.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770081106
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  • 100
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    Entwicklung, Eigenschaften, Verarbeitung und Einsatz des hochsiliciumhaltigen austenitischen Stahls X2 CrNiSi 18 15 (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 362-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Development, Properties, Processing and Applications of High-Silicon Steel Grade X2 CrNiSi 18 15Production, storage and transportation of highly concentrated nitric acid (approximately 98%) frequently occur in containers and vessels made of pure aluminium. In many cases, however, their service life is restricted by the insufficient corrosion resistance of the welds. Though tantalum exhibits a superior resistance to corrosion, it is only used in very specific occasions for cost considerations. Commercial grade austenitic chromium-nickel steels as well as ferritic chromium steels assume a transpassive state under such service conditions, and suffer from intergranular attack even if the structure is free of precipitates.A significant corrosion resistance to highly concentrated nitric acid in combination with good workability and weldability can be achieved by an austenitic chromium-nickel steel alloyed with silicon. For corrosion considerations a silicon contents of at least 3,7 wt. % has to be aimed at. Since the silicon is held in solid solution in the austenitic matrix, the mechanical properties of the special grade X 2 CrNiSi 18 15 are not very different from those of commercial chromium-nickel steel grades. Welding materials of the same kind are available for manual are welding as well as for TIG welding. The corrosion resultance of the weld deposit is similar to that of the base metal. However, the tendency of this steel to precipitate intermetallic phases is increased by the silicon addition. There, a proper heat control during welding is a necessary prerequisite in order to avoid intercrystalline attack in the heat-affected zones on both sides of the weld.A silicon contents of approximately 4 wt. % not only improves the corrosion resistance against highly concentrated nitric acid but also results in a considerable improvement when this special steel is used in chromic acid solutions and hot concentrated sulfuric acid. Also the high temperature corrosion, resistance of this material is remarkable.Several piping systems, chemical equipment, pumps, and fittings have been in successfull service for several years and proved the excellent properties of the X 2 CrNiSi 18 15 specially steel.
    Notes: Herstellung, Lagerung und Transport von hochkonzentrierter (ca. 98%iger) Salpetersäure erfolgen häufig in Reinaluminium, wobei jedoch oft unbefriedigende Standzeiten des Schweißgutes beobachtet werden. Tantal zwar ist ausgezeichnet beständig, kann jedoch aus Kostengründen nur in Sonderfällen eingesetzt werden. Handelsübliche austenitische Chrom-Nickel-Stähle und ferritische Chrom-Stähle befinden befinden sich unter diesen Beanspruchungsbedingungen im transpassiven Zustand und werden auch bei Vorliegen eines ausscheidungsfreien Gefüges interkristallin angegriffen.Die Forderung nach hoher Korrosionsbeständigkeit in hochkonzentrierter Salpetersäure bei gleichzeitig guten Verarbeitungs- und Schweißeigenschaften kann mit einem siliciumlegierten austenitischen Chrom-Nickel-Stahl erfüllt werden. Aus Korrosionsgründen ist ein Silicium-Gehalt von mindestens 3,7 Massen-% erforderlich. Da dieser Silicium-Gehalt in der austenitischen Grundmasse gelöst werden kann, unterscheiden sich die Festigkeits- und Zähigkeitseigenschaften der Sonderqualität X 2 CrNiSi 18 15 nicht wesentlich von denen handelsüblicher Chrom-Nickel-Stähle.Sowohl für die Elektroden-Handschweißung als auch für das WIG-Verfahren stehen artgleiche Schweißzusatzwerkstoffe zur Verfügung. Die Korrosionseigenschaften des Schweißgutes sind mit denen des Grundwerkstoffes vergleichbar. Durch Silicium wird jedoch die Ausscheidungsneigung des Stahles erhöht. Es ist daher besonders auf eine geringe Wärmeeinbringung beim Schweißen zu achten, um eine interkristalline Anfälligkeit in der Wärmebeeinflußten Zone neben der Schweißnaht zu vermeiden.Durch den Siliciumzusatz von rd. 4 Massen-% wird nicht nur die Korrosionsbeständigkeit in hochkonzentrierter Salpetersäure, sondern auch in Chromsäure-Lösungen und in heißer konzentrierter, Schwefelsäure erheblich verbessert. Anzuführen ist auch das günstige Hochtemperaturkorrosionsverhalten.Aus der Sonderqualität X 2 CrNiSi 18 15 wurden bereits eine Vielzahl von Rohrleitungssystemen, Apparaten, Pumpen und Armaturen gefertigt, die sich in mehrjährigem Einsatz bewährt haben.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19770081105
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