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  • 1975-1979  (3.905)
  • 1965-1969  (4.683)
  • Organic Chemistry  (6.552)
  • Industrial Chemistry  (1.916)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 4 (1979), S. 72-78 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Schlagwort(e): Sarcomas ; Bone ; Neoplasms ; Radiation induced
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Historically, the literature reveals that the incidence of radiation induced bone sarcomas is very low. Details related to epidemiology cannot be identified, however, because of the difficulty of identifying precisely the patient population at risk for development of the radiation induced sarcoma. The change in character of practice in cancer management with ever increasing numbers of patients receiving both radiation therapy and chemotherapy should alert physicians to the potential for increased incidence of this rare and unusual tumor.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 27 (1979), S. 33-40 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Chick embryo ; Bone ; Organ culture ; Scanning electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary The study describes the ultrastructure of the mineralized portion of chick tibiae from 10 days in ovo to 2 days post-hatch. At 10 days a single mineralized cylinder surrounds the diaphysis. On its outer surface columnar trabeculae join to form ridges parallel to the long axis of the bone. These ridges are covered by another cylinder and form the haversian canals. At 11 days vascular invasion of the marrow cavity occurs and resorption of the endosteal surface begins. This type of periosteal deposition and endosteal resorption is repeated during and subsequent to embryonic development. The mineralized portion of 10-day chick tibiae cultured for 2 days in modified BGJ medium was compared with 10-, 11-, and 12-day tibiae in ovo. Cultured tibiae were similar in length and calcium content to 11-day tibiae in ovo. The form of mineral deposited in ovo and in culture was the same, namely, aggregates of spherical mineral clusters. Differences in culture included the following: (a) few concentric cylinders were deposited as compared with tibiae in ovo; (b) trabeculae were not arranged in rows and ridges in culture; (c) osteocytic lacunae were restricted to bases of trabeculae rather than uniformly distributed as in ovo; and (d) the endosteal surface of tibiae in culture appeared etched.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 27 (1979), S. 57-64 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Bone ; Bone formation ; Calcification ; Calcification nodule ; EM
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary Osteolathyrism has been used as an experimental model for the study of calcification nodules during the mineralization process. Periosteal exostoses developing in osteolathyrism characteristically have spherical basophilic structures (calcification nodules) in the vicinity of developing bone spicules. In thin sections, the nodules were seen scattered between collagen fibers in the intercellular matrix. Collagen fibers did not appear to be present within the nodules but sometimes were packed just outside them. Matrix vesicles were also present in areas of early mineralization. After EDTA decalcification, the majority of the nodules consisted of a fine granular material surrounded by an electron-dense peripheral zone. The peripheral dense zone was occasionally incomplete in small nodules in areas of early mineralization. An electron-dense central area could be observed in the center of the nodules. Evidence has been presented indicating that the calcification nodules arise from smaller mineralization foci, presumably matrix vesicles. The calcification nodules enlarge to approximately 1.0 µm in size, at which point development is slowed or halted allowing the formation of the peripheral dense zone. Although coalescence of nodules was observed, this was more a random event. The further mineralization of the trabeculae was achieved by the calcification of the collagen fibers. The mineralized trabeculae reflected this pattern of nodular and collagenous calcification. It is suggested that this pattern of calcification is characteristic of rapidly developing woven bone.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 28 (1979), S. 37-42 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): X-ray diffraction ; Hydroxyapatite ; Whitlockite ; Fish (Pisces) ; Bone
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary Pyrolyzed scales, fin spines, and bone from the ray-finned bony fishPolypterus (Actinopterygii) showed two mineral phases on X-ray diffraction: hydroxyapatite (HA), Ca5(PO4)3OH, and whitlockite, Ca3(PO4)2. The ratio of HA/whitlockite varied with the structure (scale, spine, bone) within each individual fish. The relative proportions of HA to whitlockite in pyrolyzed samples reflected the Ca/P ratio of the sample. Whitlockite appears after pyrolysis when the Ca/P is lower than 1.67. Among the five fish investigated, for each structure a general trend was noted. The proportion of HA relative to whitlockite increased with size (age) of the fish. Thus the smallest fish, a juvenile, exhibited a low Ca/P mineral in its calcified tissues, whereas the larger fish had progressively more HA and less whitlockite.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 28 (1979), S. 17-22 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Anticonvulsant ; Ketogenic diet ; Calcium ; Vitamin D ; Bone
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary Vitamin D and mineral metabolism status was examined in five children maintained chronically on combined ketogenic diet-anticonvulsant drug therapy (KG), and the results compared to those obtained in 18 patients treated with anticonvulsant drugs alone (AD) and 15 normal controls. KG patients exhibited biochemical findings of vitamin D deficiency osteomalacia: decreased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and calcium concentrations, elevated serum alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone concentrations, decreased urinary calcium and increased urinary hydroxyproline excretion, and decreased bone mass. Although the KG and AD groups demonstrated similar reductions in serum 25OHD concentration, the KG patients exhibited a significantly greater reduction in bone mass. In response to vitamin D supplementation (5000 IU/day), mean bone mass in the KG group increased by 8.1±0.9% (P〈0.001) over a 12-month period. These results suggest that ketogenic diet and anticonvulsant drug therapy have additive deleterious effects on bone mass and that these effects are partially reversible by vitamin D treatment.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Bone ; Bone cells ; Cyclic AMP ; Osteoclast activating factor ; Lymphokine
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary Osteoclast activating factor (OAF) is a lymphokine which may participate in the pathologic destruction of bone observed in a number of disorders. In the current studies, we investigated the action of OAF on cAMP accumulation by bones and isolated bone cells in culture. OAF was shown to stimulate accumulation of cAMP in mouse cranial bones at doses between 1 and 1000 ng/ml. Stimulation of bone resorption was observed in bones treated with the same doses of OAF. In order to investigate the cell types responsible for cAMP responses to OAF, we isolated bone cells and grew them in monolayer culture. The cells were isolated by a variety of techniques which separate bone cells into two types of parathyroid hormone (PTH)-responsive populations: (a) cells derived from the periosteal regions of the bone, which also respond to calcitonin with increases in cAMP; and (b) cells derived from the matrix, which do not respond to calcitonin. OAF caused elevation of cAMP levels in both the periosteum-derived cells and the matrix-derived cells. The magnitudes and time courses of OAF effects in these populations resembled the effects previously reported for PTH in the same populations. OAF stimulated adenyl cyclase in both types of cell populations, but did not produce significant changes in cAMP phosphodiesterase activity. OAF differed from PTH in that its effects on cAMP accumulation decreased sharply at supramaximal doses in both bone and isolated cells, especially in the matrix-derived populations. Bone resorption did not decrease as markedly as did cAMP accumulation at high doses of OAF, suggesting that cAMP accumulation and resorption could be dissociated under some conditions. These results indicate that OAF has effects on cAMP production in the same cell populations as PTH, and suggest that OAF could modify not only resorption but also formation of bone in vivo. OAF may exert its effects on bone by means of cAMP-dependent mechanisms, but more data will be necessary to establish this unequivocally. The observed differences between OAF and PTH may be of relevance in the mechanism and treatment of pathologic bone destruction in vivo.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 27 (1979), S. 199-204 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Bone ; Parathyroid hormone ; Calcitonin ; Osteoporosis ; Paraplegia ; Hydroxyproline
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary In paraplegia, osteoporosis below the neurological lesion occurs early after the spinal cord affection. The serum levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CT), using a radioimmunoassay for the measurement of immunoreactivity, were studied in 12 paraplegic patients for 9 months following onset. Serum Ca and P levels, urinary hydroxyproline excretion, and the kinetic metabolic clearance of45Ca have also been measured. P and immunoreactive (i) CT levels were found the highest at the beginning of the observation and progressively decreased with time. Ca and iPTH serum levels varied inversely with time, the highest level of Ca and the lowest level of iPTH being recorded at the third month following the paraplegia. Mean values of Ca, iPTH, and iCT were in the normal range throughout the study. P levels were increased during the first 3 months. Hydroxyprolinuria was also high and45Ca kinetics showed increased values of Vt, Vo+, and Vu. These parameters indicate a high degree of bone turnover. The results were consistent with the assumption that PTH is not responsible for the increased resorption of bone in paraplegia. Likewise, a deficiency of CT does not seem to be responsible for this bone resorption. These endocrine modifications could be secondary to an increase in the calcium flux from bone to blood and resulting from bone destruction as attested by the increase of urinary calcium and urinary hydroxyproline excretion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 27 (1979), S. 233-237 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Bone ; Vitamin D ; Acidosis ; Phosphate
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary Vitamin D and phosphate deficiency were produced in rats in order (a) to evaluate the degree of bone mineral and matrix maturation using a bromoform/toluene density gradient technique; and (b) to compare the aforementioned bone maturational changes due to vitamin D and phosphate deprivation to those produced with superimposed severe acidosis. Rats were fed a diet deficient in vitamin D and phosphorus (0.2%) from 3 weeks through 7 weeks of age. To examine the additional contribution of dietary calcium, we gave one-half of the animals either a low (0.06%) or high (1.3%) calcium diet. Following the 4 weeks of vitamin D deficiency, one-half of each group was given 1.8% NH4Cl in the drinking water for 4 succeeding days to induce an acute, severe acidosis. The degree of bone maturation was quantitated via bromoformtoulene density gradient fractionation; total mineral and hydroxyproline (collagen) levels were quantitated as well. The vitamin D-deficient rats deprived of adequate dietary phosphate responded by conserving phosphorus, and as a consequence total bone phosphorus levels were maintained within that level for control rats. This conservation was independent of calcium intake but was extremely sensitive to acute acid loading, where a significant reduction in total bone phosphorus was noted. The bone maturational profile obtained from the vitamin D-phosphate deficient rats, however, revealed a significant accumulation of less mature or dense bone collagen and mineral with a corresponding decrease in the most mature or dense moieties. In contrast to the reduction of the total bone phosphorus content by acute acidosis, the skeletal collagen-mineral maturational profile was not significantly affected by the short-term systemic acidosis. The observed retardations in the bone collagen and mineral maturation of the vitamin D-deficient, phosphate-deprived state provide an additional observation which may well relate to the progressive osteopenia documented in states of chronic, mild acidosis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 27 (1979), S. 275-279 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Proline ; Cartilage ; Bone
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary Proline biosynthetic and degradative enzymes are unevenly distributed in differentiated mammalian tissues. Activities of the synthetic enzymes are relatively high in collagenous tissues, whereas activities of the degradative enzymes are high in noncollagenous tissues. In order to further characterize tissue-specific proline biosynthesis and degradation, we have determined proline enzyme activities during cartilage and bone formation induced by demineralized bone matrix. We can thus follow temporal changes in enzyme activity in a single tissue as different cell types develop. Ornithine aminotransferase and pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase have peaks of activity which correlate with maximal type II collagen synthesis by chondrocytes. Both enzymes also are active during bone formation. In contrast, proline oxidase and pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase are present at low levels and do not change as new cell types appear. Arginase activity peaks during the first 3 days and then rapidly decreases by the time cartilage and bone formation begin. These observations further substantiate the importance of proline biosynthesis in collagenous tissues. The close correlation between ornithine aminotransferase activity and type II collagen synthesis suggests that the pathway from ornithine to proline may be especially important during formation of type II collagen.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 29 (1979), S. 169-171 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Glycosaminoglycans ; Bone
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary Compact bone tissue chondroitin sulphate, previously considered to be pure chondroitin-4-sulphate, was isolated from three adult human femoral diaphyses and digested with chondroitinase ABC. Assaying these digests by means of high performance liquid chromatography we could demonstrate that 12 to 14% of the disaccharide residues were 6-sulphated. The 4/6-ratios were also studied in chondroitin sulphate fractions of different molecular size. Slightly increasing amounts of 6-sulphated disaccharides were found with increasing size of the chondroitin sulphates.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 27 (1979), S. 177-185 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Calcification ; Bone ; Glycoprotein ; Golgi ; Osteoblasts
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary The elaboration of bone matrix glycoprotein by osteoblasts of alveolar bone was investigated by radioautography after the intravenous injection of3H-fucose into young rats. At selected times after injection, animals were sacrificed by intracardiac perfusion and demineralized specimens were prepared for light and electron microscope radioautography. At 5 and 10 min after injection, when the blood fucose level was high, silver grains were restricted to the spheroidal and cylindrical saccules of the Golgi apparatus. At 20 min membrane-limited secretory granules were also labeled. By 35 min, the blood fucose level had dropped and silver grains were detected over the apical cortical cytoplasm, in association with secretory granules located therein. Some grains were present over osteoblast processes and the adjacent prebone matrix. By 4 h most of the silver grains had left the cell. At that time they were observed over prebone, adjacent to osteoblast processes, as well as over the prebone-bone junction where a distinct band of label was noted. In demineralized preparations an electron-dense granular material was present at the prebone-bone junction in association with collagen fibrils. These findings provide evidence that osteoblasts in alveolar bone synthesize fucose-containing glycoprotein and indicate that the addition of3H-fucose occurs in the Golgi apparatus. The glycoprotein passes to the apical cortical cytoplasm by way of membrane-limited secretory granules, is exteriorized, and accumulates at the site where prebone transforms into bone (the prebone-bone junction). Since this is also the site of the calcification front, the deposition of labeled glycoprotein may be related to the deposition of bone mineral.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 27 (1979), S. 95-99 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Bone ; Fluoride ; Analysis ; Food ; Age
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary Recently published bone fluoride values from Iowa are very high compared to earlier reports, suggesting an increase in fluoride intake. Reanalysis of the Iowa specimens shows levels one-fourth those reported by the Iowa laboratory indicating an error in the original report. Seventeen bone specimens, collected from long-term residents of Rochester, New York, drinking 1 ppm F− water, had a mean value of 2085±270 ppm F− on an ashed-weight basis. This value is not significantly different from that predicted by the data of Zipkin et al. in 1958. These data, therefore, do not support the contention that there has been an increase in fluoride intake.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 27 (1979), S. 109-115 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Bone ; Bending rigidity ; Disuse atrophy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary The in vivo bending rigidity and bone mineral content of monkey ulnae and tibiae were measured. Bending rigidity in the anteroposterior plane was measured by an impedance probe technique. Forced vibrations of the bones were induced with an electromechanical shaker, and force and velocity at the driving point were determined. The responses over the range of 100–250 Hz were utilized to compute the bending rigidity. Bone mineral content in the cross section was determined by a photon absorption technique. Seventeen male monkeys (Macaca nemestrina) weighing 6–14 kg were evaluated. Repeatability of the rigidity measures was 4%. Bone mineral content was measured with a precision of 3.5%. Bending rigidity was correlated with the mineral content of the cross section,r=0.899. Two monkeys were evaluated during prolonged hypodynamic restraint. Restraint produced regional losses of bone most obviously in the proximal tibia. Local bone mineral content declines 17 to 24% and the average bending rigidity declines 12 to 22%. Changes in bones leading to a reduction in mineral content and stiffness are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Calcium ; PTH ; 1,25(OH)2D ; Acid ; Bone
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary We measured mineral and acid balances, serum iPTH, urinary cAMP/creatinine, and plasma concentrations of 25OHD and 1,25(OH)2D in 7 healthy adults during control conditions and during increased fixed acid production achieved either by the administration of NH4Cl (N=3) or by increased dietary protein intake (N=4). When acid production was increased, the subjects were in positive acid balance and negative Ca balance because of increased urinary Ca excretion. Serum iPTH fell slightly but urinary cAMP and the plasma levels of vitamin D metabolites did not change. We conclude that the accelerated skeletal and urinary losses of Ca that occur when fixed acid production is increased are not contributed to nor compensated for by the parathyroid-vitamin D endocrine systems.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 29 (1979), S. 7-13 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Bone ; Culture ; Resorption ; Acidosis ; Alkalosis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary We have examined the effects of H+, CO2, and HCO3 − concentrations during metabolic and respiratory acidosis and alkalosis on bone resorption in vitro. Rat fetal bones prelabeled with45CaCl2 were cultured at 2%, 5%, and 10% CO2 for up to 120 h, and the release of45Ca was measured in devitalized bones (non-cell-mediated45Ca release) and in live bones (cell-mediated45Ca release) cultured with or without PTH and 1,25(OH)2D3. Non-cell-mediated mineral loss was linearly related to H+ concentration but not to CO2 or HCO3 − concentration. This effect was observed on both labeled and stable calcium. Over a wide pH range (6.9–7.5) H+, CO2, or HCO3 − concentrations did not influence cell-mediated bone resorption in control or in PTH-and 1,25(OH)2D3-stimulated cultures. However, inhibition of cell-mediated bone resorption was observed at higher or lower pH irrespective of CO2 or HCO3 − concentrations. These observations demonstrate that the bone mineral mobilizing effect of acidosis in vitro is mainly due to the effect of changing H+ concentration on devitalized bone. Effects on cell-mediated bone resorption and hormonal response were observed only at extremes of pH. The effects of H+ were independent of changes in CO2 or HCO3 − concentration and could be responsible for the negative calcium balance and increased urinary loss observed in metabolic acidosis in vivo, but do not explain the reported differences in effects on calcium metabolism between respiratory and metabolic acidosis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 27 (1979), S. 105-108 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Bone ; Femur ; Strength ; Density ; Age
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary In order to ascertain whether the intrinsic strength of human bone changes with age or not, we have determined the ultimate tensile strength and density of strips of femoral cortical bone. These femora were collected from cadavers varying in age from 13 to 97 years. The results show that both density and intrinsic strength of bone increase up to about the fourth decade of life and then decrease with age. However, the rate of decrease of strength is greater than that of density. This indicates that the density of bone is not the sole determining factor of its strength, and that some other factors play an important part.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 27 (1979), S. 101-104 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Bone ; Rickets ; Hypophosphatemia ; Microradiography ; D-resistance
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary The perilacunar areas of low mineral density in microradiographs from cortical bone of patients with hypophosphatemic (vitamin D-resistant) rickets are not evenly distributed throughout the bone tissue. Their frequency and distribution were determined in bone from 9 patients with this disease. It was found that the lesion was more frequent in haversian bone than in interstitial bone, and along the inner circumference of growing haversian systems as compared with the outer circumference. These findings indicate that the lesion is the result of retarded mineralization, and that mineralization slowly proceeds in these areas as the bone becomes older. A relatively high frequency of the lesion was also found in osteons with an elliptical cross section along the long axis of the ellipse. The cause of the abundance of the lesion at these sites is not clear, but it is possible to explain the uneven distribution in elliptical osteons by assuming an unequal rate of bone formation in these structures.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 27 (1979), S. 165-169 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Oxygen uptake ; Bone ; Oxygen tension ; Carbon dioxide
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary The present study was carried out to determine the influence of carbon dioxide and oxygen tension on the respiratory activity of bone cells in mouse calvaria in vitro. Five-day-old mouse calvaria were removed aseptically and incubated individually for 1 h at 37° C in a closed reaction chamber containing 1.5 ml of tissue culture medium made up of 60% horse serum in Gey's solution containing 100 unit/ml penicillin and 100µg/ml streptomycin. Before the calvaria were added, the medium in the incubation chamber was equilibrated with 10%, 20%, 30%, or 50% oxygen balanced with nitrogen. The effect of CO2 on oxygen utilization by the calvaria was determined by incubating the calvaria in a medium previously equilibrated with either 50% O2 balanced with N2 or 50% O2 and 5% CO2 balanced with N2. At each oxygen tension, the rate of oxygen utilization by the calvaria was measured polarographically by a Clark oxygen electrode. The results showed that the rate of oxygen uptake of bone increased as the oxygen tension increased and carbon dioxide stimulated significantly the rate of oxygen utilization by the bone cells. In view of the previous reports that both carbon dioxide and oxygen tension are implicated in the process of bone resorption, it is suggested that these two factors may affect bone resorption by influencing the oxygen utilization by bone cells and ultimately controlling their energy metabolism.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 28 (1979), S. 103-105 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Bone ; Photodensitometry, X-ray ; Radiography ; Spectrophotometry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary A conventional spectrophotometer was used to do radiographic photodensitometry of bone mass. An experiment to produce osteoporosis in guinea pigs required quantification of changes in bone mass. Lack of a densitometer necessitated finding another method for quantification. The method developed involved using industrial film in a closed X-ray system. Optical density of X-rays was then read in a spectrophotometer at nine femur locations. Highly significant correlations between optical density and femur calcium content and femur dry weight per millimeter were obtained. Histological sections from an animal with low optical density measurements confirmed bone loss by showing decreased cortical width and loss of trabecular bone. In addition to using readily available equipment, this method offers the advantage of being able to detect bone loss in specific areas of the bones. In addition, bones are left intact and can be used for other purposes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): ESR ; Bone ; Enamel ; CO3-Apatite ; Paramagnetism
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary Carbonate-containing hydroxyapatite, enamel, and bone were irradiated by an X-ray and investigated between 77° and 350°K by means of electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The ESR spectrum of enamel irradiated at 77°K in vacuum and observed at the same temperature was almost the same as that of the carbonate-containing hydroxyapatite. The temperature dependence of signal intensities confirms a spin-energy exchange between the mineral and organic constituents in bone, but in enamel no or very little spinenergy exchange between the mineral and organic constituents. Considerable similarity among the ESR spectra of enamel, bone, and carbonate-containing apatite was obtained after X-ray irradiation in air at 300°K with both an X-band and a Q-band ESR spectrometer. The Q-band spectrum can be interpreted in terms of two paramagnetic species. One is identified as a CO 3 3− anion radical which has an axial symmetry withg factors of 2.0029 and 1.9972. The other species is found to be centered atg=2.0019.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 27 (1979), S. 13-18 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Anticonvulsants ; Calcium ; Vitamin D ; Parathyroid hormone ; Bone
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary Parameters of mineral metabolism were examined in 6 patients with moderately severe anticonvulsant drug-induced osteomalacia. Compared to 15 matched controls, the patients exhibited significantly reduced serum calcium, inorganic phosphate, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration, elevated serum alkaline phosphatase and immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH) concentration, reduced intestinal47Ca absorption, reduced urinary calcium and increased urinary hydroxyproline excretion, and reduced forearm bone mass. Intestinal absorption of vitamin D3 was normal. Following 4 months of treatment with vitamin D3 (4000 units/day), serum 25-OHD concentration was increased to 3 times mean normal values and all parameters except serum iPTH, urinary calcium excretion, and forearm bone mass were returned to levels not significantly different from normal. Serum iPTH concentration was reduced by 39% (P〈0.05); 24-h urinary calcium excretion rose by 98% (P〈0.001), and forearm bone mass increased by 5.6% (P〈0.05). It is concluded that moderate-dose vitamin D3 supplementation is effective in normalizing parameters of mineral metabolism in this disorder, despite evidence of resistance to the biologic effects of vitamin D.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 28 (1979), S. 33-36 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Infrared, visible light ; Bone ; Collagen ; Apatite
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Photovoltaic effect (infrared and visible light) is observed in bone and its two major components, collagen and apatite, at room temperature. A dimunition in the magnitude of photovoltage is observed after exposure to ultraviolet light in all the cases. The drift mobility of the charge carriers is obtained by measuring I versus V relationships in sandwich samples and relating them to the permitivity of the medium. Lifetime of the injected carriers is measured in the usual way. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that the effects are due to protonic conduction phenomena.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 23
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 17 (1979), S. 471-475 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Schlagwort(e): Bone ; Strain
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Specimens of dry human cortical bone of a disc form were subjected to sinusoidal loading under controlled conditions. The results show a nonlinear increase of the measured peak potential with frequency which reaches a limiting value at about 200 Hz. The analysis, which is based on the circuit representation proposed previously by Shamos, indicates that such a behaviour can be attributed to the measuring circuit parameters. It was found that some relevant results can be interpreted qualitatively by similar analysis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 13-22 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Analysis of Technical Diphenylolpropane (Bisphenol A) by High-performance Liquid ChromatographyA method for the investigation of technical 2,2-bis-(4′-hydroxyphenyl)-propane (bisphenol A) by high-performance liquid chromatography is described. Microspherical silicagel in unmodified (adsorption) and C16-modified form (reversed phase) was used as support. It has been found that supports with small particle sizes (5 μm) achieve their optimum efficiency only when they possess an adequately narrow optimum particle size distribution.The investigations were carried out using a self-made apparatus. Details concerning an UV-cell being insensitive to gas bubbles as well as a differential refractometer, which can be disassembled, are presented.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 65-70 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Sterische Effekte in der STOBBE-Kondensation von 3,4-disubstituierten Acetophenonen mit Dimethyl-methylsuccinatDie Kondensation von 3,4-Dimethyl-, 3,4-Dimethoxy- und 3,4-Dichloracetophenon mit Dimethylsuccinat in Gegenwart von Kalium-t-butylat lieferte in jedem Fall ölige Gemische der stereoisomeren Halbester 1 und 2. Während die (E)-Halbester 1 zu den entsprechenden 1-Acetoxy-3-nahpthoesäureestern 5 cyclisiert werden konnten, ergaben die (Z)-Halbester 2 unter den gleichen Bedingungen die entsprechenden 3-Oxo-inden-2-(α-subst.)-essigsäuren 7.Das Isomerenverhältnis wird mit sterischen Wechselwirkungen in den γ-Lacton-Zwischenprodukten 8 erklärt.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 93-101 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The Reaction of α,β-Dihalogeno-propionitriles with Monosubstituted Hydrazines  -  A Simple Synthesis of 1-Substituted 3- or 5-Amino-pyrazolesIn methanol hydrazines 3, and α,β-dihalogeno-propionitriles 1, 2 even at 0°C irreversibly yield 3 · HX, and α-halogenoacrylonitriles 4, 5 (A1). Fast addition of alkyl- and aralkyl- hydrazines 3 to 4, 5 (C) gives 1-substituted 1-(2′-halogeno-2′-cyan-ethyl)-hydrazines 6, the addition of arylhydrazines 3 to 4, 5 (D) 1-aryl-2-(2′-halogeno-2′-cyan-ethyl)-hydrazines 8. In methanol 6 spontaneously cyclise (E) to hydrogen halides 7 · HX of 1-alkyl- and 1-aralkyl-3-amino-pyrazoles, 8 with 2 moles of acids (F) to salts 10 · 2HY of 1-aryl-4-halogeno-5-imino-pyrazolidines, and the free 10 spontaneously (G) to hydrogen halides 9 · HX of 1-aryl-5-amino-pyrazoles. Mechanisms (A1), (C), (D), (E), (F), and (G) are proved by t.l.c., 1H-n.m.r., and isolation of intermediates, the structures of 7 resp. 9, using the significant 1H-n.m.r.-parameter ΔHMPTCDCl3. Simple general syntheses are described for 3-amino-pyrazoles 7 (R = H, alkyl, aralkyl) or 5-amino-pyrazoles 9 (R = aryl) starting with α,β-dihalogeno-propionitriles 1, 2, and for α-bromo-acrylonitrile 5.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 137-140 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Identification and Determination of Byproducts of the Acrylonitrile Synthesis
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 141-150 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Synthese von hexakoordinierten Ketiminderivaten des Germanium(IV)
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 175-176 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Verbesserte Synthese von 4,6-Diamino-2-nitro-m-xylen durch Reduktion von 2,4,6-trinitro-m-xylen
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 30
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 186-196 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Quantum Chemical Investigation of the Cycloaddition of Phenol to Phenylcyanate as an Example for the Study of M.O. Correlation Diagrams of Systems without Symmetry Elements in the Transition State.There is experimental evidence, that the N-monomethylaniline-catalyzed addition of phenol to phenylcyanate proceeds via a six-membered, cyclic transition state, in which N-mono-methylaniline is involved, whose presence as a catalyst is necessary. In the present work is investigated by quantumchemical considerations, whether an analogy can be found between this reaction and a symmetry-allowed [2 + 4]cycloaddition of π-systems. Using the CNDO/2-method an energy curve has been calculated, having only a small activation barrier. The wavefunctions at some points of the reaction coordinate have been localized to bond orbitals, which are then taken into some linear combinations. These do not show any change of their nodal behaviour at points belonging to the starting resp. to the final state of the reaction. This shows, that the above mentioned analogy is valid. For the [2 + 2]cycloaddition in absence of the catalyst, on the contrary, the energy curve shows a very high activation energy, and the nodal behaviour of the combined localized orbitals is changed on passing from the starting to the final state.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 31
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 243-248 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Mass Spectroscopy of Natural Compounds. I.Comparative Investigation of Anion-Cation Mass Spectra of 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl EstersThe electron attachment mass spectra (anion mass spectra) of 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl esters with different structures of the acids are discussed and compared with the corresponding electron impact spectra. In contrast to the cation mass spectra the molecular ion peak appears in all the anion mass spectra.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 267-273 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The Acids HOOCCH(SX)CH(SX)COOH (X = CH2COOH, C6H5) and their Methyl EstersThe acids HOOCCH(SX)CH(SX)COOH with X = CH2COOH and C6H5 and their methyl esters have been prepared by addition of thiols to acetylene dicarboxylic acid as salt and methyl ester. The structures and configurations have been discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 308-314 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Synthesis of 3 Shortened, Repeatedly by Ala Substituted Analogues of the Insulin B Chain in Protected FormStarting from the previously described fragments of the insulin B chain with native or partielly modified amino acid sequence, the 3 terminal shortened, additionally in several positions by Ala respectively in position 6 by Val substituted analogues B1-27(Ala9, Ala10, Ala27), B4-27-(Ala4, Ala9, Ala10, Ala27) (1) and B4-27(Ala4, Val6, Ala9, Ala10, Ala27) were prepared in protected form.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 34
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 323-326 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Concerning the Extractive Behaviour of Long-chain Alkanesulphonates
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 35
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 341-344 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Potentiell psychopharmakologische Verbindungen. II. Synthese einiger neuer fluorhaltiger Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 36
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 350-351 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 37
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 370-378 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Synthesis of Triorgano-amido-arsenic-, -antimony- and -bismuthhalidesThe preparation of some triorgano-amido-metalhalides by addition of various N-haloamides to organometallic compounds of the type R3M (M = As, Sb, Bi) in polar aprotic solvents under mild conditions is described. The properties of these derivatives are studied. In solution equilibriums of triorgano-amido-antimonyhalides, the corresponding dihalides, and diamido compounds are existing, as we proved by 1H-n.m.r.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 38
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 404-406 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Photochromism of the o-Nitrobenzylpyridines in Supercooled Melts2-(2′, 4′-dinitrobenzyl)-pyridines 1 a-g and 4-(2′,4′-dinitrobenzyl)-pyridine 2 form supercooled melts which are photochromic on u.v.-irradiation. The photochromism and the kinetic stability of the coloured form in supercooled melts are quite different from the behaviour in ethanolic solution. The differences are explained on the basis of a polymethin constitution of the coloured form.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 39
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 429-436 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Cyclization Reactions of 1-[2-amino-1-cyano-2-thio-]ethenepyridinium Ylides1-[2-Amino-1-cyano-2-thio-]ethene-pyridinium ylides 1 can be alkylated with methyliodide or α-haloesters and α-haloketones, respectively, to form 1-[2-alkyl(aryl)amino-1-cyano-2-methylthio-ethene-1]pyridinium iodides 2a--e or 1-[2-alkyl(aryl)-amino-1-cyano-2-alkoxy(aryl)-carbonylmethylthio-ethene-1] pyridinium salts 3a-f. With the exception of 3a-b the compounds 3 or 1 react with haloketones to yield 1-[4-amino-2-alkyl-(aryl)amino-5-benzoyl-thiene-3]pyridinium salts 4a-m or 3-alkyl-4-aryl-2-(1-cyano-1-pyridinium)methylene-Δ4-thiazoline salts 5a-f.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 40
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 420-428 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Deactivation Behaviour of Arenes and Heteroarenes. XVII. Fluorescence Quenching of Cations by AnionsFluorescence quenching, caused by cation-anion interaction in the excited state, was investigated for the combinations of 13 acridinium and acridizinium ions (fluorophors) and chloride, bromide and iodide (quenchers). The obtained dependence of rate constants of dynamic quenching process on the acceptor properties of cations in the case of chloride is interpreted by the model of electron transfer in the encounter state. The resulting limit-rate constants of quenching are greater than those of diffusion of neutral molecules, caused by the Coulomb-interaction between cation and anion.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 41
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 437-442 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Propellane. I. 3,6,10,13-Tetrathia(4,5,11,12-trans-dicyclohexano)-(6,6,1)propellanDurch Reaktion des 1,1,2,2-Tetrabrommethylcyclopropans mit trans-1,2-Dimercaptocyclohexan wurde die tricyclische Verbindung 1 mit Propellan-Struktur erhalten. Die Struktur dieser Verbindung wurde mit Hilfe spektroskopischer Daten und der Fragmentierung der Massenspektren ermittelt. Für die beiden achtgliedrigen Ringe wird eine “twist-crown” Konformation vorgeschlagen. Die Oxidation des (6,6,1)Propellans 1 führt zu dem entsprechenden Tetrasulfon, in dem der Cyclopropan-Ring erhalten bleibt.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 42
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 449-465 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: MO-LCAO Calculations on Polymethines. XI. Local Spectral Excitations in Polynuclear Cyanine DyesVarious branched-conjugated cyanine dyes display long-wavelength absorption bands similar in position to those of their straight-chain substructures. According to the analysis of results of PPP-type calculations this close similarity results from a partial localization of the electronic transitions, whereas the participating electronic states are highly delocalized. The long-wavelength absorptions of symmetrically-branched trinuclear cyanine dyes have an entire molecular chromophore origin resulting from twofold degenerate electronic transitions. Lowering of the symmetry brings about a splitting of the colour-band.In contrast to the branched-conjugated cyanine dyes various tetranuclear cyanine dyes can be considered as being composed of two subchromophores either directly linked or joined through a conjugative bridge. In accordance with PPP configuration analyses and LHM-type calculations the splitting of the colour band is best understood by composite-molecule approaches. In this context the applicability of the simple molecular exciton theory is discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 43
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Umwandlung von 4-Hydroxy-5-nitro-4,5-dihydrothymin unter alkalischen Bedingungen
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 44
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 519-521 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Untersuchungen an Yliden: Reaktion von N-Phenacylpyridiniumbromiden mit aromatischen Diazoniumsalzen
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 45
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 541-543 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Isosteric Heat of Adsorption of n-Ethane on Zeolites NaX and NaYUsing a volumetric method isotherms of adsorption of ethane on zeolites NaX and NaY were measured. The Clausius-Clapeyron equation was used to calculate the isosteric heat of adsorption of the paraffin on both molecular-sieves. These enthalpies show a linear dependence of the amount of adsorbed molecules. The zeolite with the higher charge density shows a larger heat of adsorption. The difference in the heat of adsorption is explained by adsorption on different centers in the cavity of both zeolites.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 46
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 555-564 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The Reaction of E-ß-Nitro-styrenes with 3-Pyrazolidone-azomethinimines - a Non-cisoid 1,3-Dipolar CycloadditionNormal flipping at both ring-N-atoms postulated, the thermal addition of E-β-nitro-5a or E-(4-chloro-β-nitro)-styrene 5b to 3-pyrazolidone-azomethinimine-1,3-dipoles 4a or 4b formally can yield 8 isomeric pairs of enantiomers, 4 of which are “permitted”(cisoid) and 4 of which are “forbidden” according to the concerted [π4s + π2s]-mechanism. If the addition of 5 to 4 is regiospecific, 2 “permitted”(cisoid) (1 and 6) and 2 “forbidden”(3 and 10) isomers are conceivable. From pure 5a and 4a we regiospecifically got 1ref,3trans-diphenyl-2cis-nitro-6a (75%) and 1ref,3trans-diphenyl-2trans-nitro-5-oxo-perhydropyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol 10a (25%), from 5b and 4b the corresponding bis(4-chloro-phenyl)-isomers 6b and 10b. The sodium salts 8a, b, gained from 6a, b and 10a, b, are identical. With H⊕ (D⊕) in water (D2O) 8a, b give 6a, b (2-deutero-6a, b = 7a, b). The 1H-n.m.r. spectra of 6a, b, 7a, b, 8a, b, 10a, b, and of the 2-amino-isomers 11a/12a, corresponding to 6a/10a, are discussed.For the first time products of a non-cisoid 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (10a, b) were isolated. In the discussion (E ⇌ Z)-isomerization of 5a, and conceivable mechanisms of isomerizations 6a → 10a are excluded. Theoretical consequences are suggested.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 47
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 587-600 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Characterization of the Radiationless Deactivation of the Lowest Excited Singlet State of N-Methylacridone by Means of the Triplet Sensitized (E) → (Z) Photoisomerization of (E)-StilbeneThe (E) → (Z) isomerization of (E)-stilbene photosensitized by N-methylacridone (A) has been studied under anaerobic conditions at 298 K in dependence on the solvent as well as the concentration of iodoethane as heavy atomquencher. For the experimental conditions the quantum yield of the triplet-triplet energy transfer 3A* → 3E* is unity and the photoreaction is homogenous.The ISC quantum yield of the sensitizer N-methylacridone was determined from the initial slopes of the plotted concentration-time functions in the solvents methanol, N-methylformamide, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, benzene and tetrachloromethane, respectively. The comparison of the ISC quantum yields ψisc and the quantum yields of fluorescence ψf indicate that ψf + ψisc = 1 is true for the used solvents; the IC process is negligible.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 48
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 643-654 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Liquid Crystal ThiazolesThe synthesis of 2,4- and 2,5-disubstituted thiazoles is described and their melting and clearing points are investigated. The influence of the thiazole ring system on the formation of crystalline-liquid phases is discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 49
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Model Calculations on the Counterion Effect in the Cationic Polymerization; Geometry Optimization and Behaviour of the Mixed Halogenoantimonates SbClnBr-n-6.The CNDO/2 method including geometry optimization with respect to the energy has been applied to calculate the structure and the electronic properties of the complex anions SbClnBr-6-n. Independently on the composition of the anions the bond lengths Sb-X (X = Cl, Br) remain those of the pure antimonates.The HOMOs are delocalized over the ligand sphere. They mainly contain components of Br and are lifted by increasing Br amount. The LUMOs have central atom character and are lowered by Br. Charge distribution and Wiberg bond indices indicate extra easy cleavage of the Sb-Br bond if Cl holds a trans position to Br. The computed data agree with spectral properties, the acceptor behaviour and the decay trend of the antimonates SbClnBr-6-n.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 50
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 699-703 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Reactions of Open Chain and Cyclic Ketene-S,S-acetales with Amines
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 51
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979) 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 52
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 775-786 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Halogenolipids. III. Alkyl Glyceryl Ether AnaloguesSynthesis of the halogeno analogues of alkyl glycerol ether, 3-fluoro-1-O-hexadecyl-(octadecyl)-propane-1, 2-diol, 2-fluoro-1-O-hexadecyl(octadecyl)-propane-1, 3-diol, 2-chloro-1-O-hexadecyl-propane-1,3-diol and 3-fluoro-2-O-hexadecyl-propane-1,2-diol, which are of interest as potential cytostatic agents, is described.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 53
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 804-812 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Synthese von N-(Formylphenyl)- und N-(Acetophenyl) Derivaten des Harnstoffs und der CarbaminsäureAminobenzaldehyde und Aminoacetophenone reagieren in Gegenwart von tertiären Aminen, z. B. Pyridin oder Triethylamin, mit Alkylchloroformiaten und Alkylisocyanaten zu den entsprechenden N-(Formylphenyl)- und N-(Acetophenyl)-Derivaten des Harnstoffs 2a-p bzw. der Carbaminsäure 1a-u. Aminobenzaldehyde und Aminoacetophenone reagieren nicht mit N,N-Dialkylcarbamoylchloriden.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 54
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 859-864 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Application of Relaxation Reagents in the 13C-NMR Quantitative AnalysisIn 13C-PFT-n.m.r. spectrum, the intensities of different signals become almost equal on adding Cr(acac)3 as a relaxation reagent. An intensity ratio precisely corresponding to the number of the adjacent carbon atoms can be reached only with infinitely high concentrations of Cr(acac)3. By means of a linearized function, it is possible to give an extrapolation to this infinitely high concentration. In this way, a quantitative 13C-n.m.r. analysis can be obtained routinely. The method does not require calibration, the standard deviation amounts to about 10% (rel.).
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 55
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 878-878 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 56
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 881-898 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: General Syntheses and Rational Parameters for Structural Assignment of Isomeric Derivatives of [3,4]-fused Pyrazoles4 isomeric 1- or 2-methyl-, and 1- or 2-benzyl-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridones, i.e. the 4-oxo-types 17a, b or 11a, b and the 6-oxo-types 16a, b or 10a, b, are synthesized unambiguously. Cyclisation of 1-substituted 3- or 5-(1-methyl-2-ethoxycarbonyl-vinylamino)-pyrazoles 9a, b or. 15a, b, which were synthesized from 1-substituted 3- or 5-amino-pyrazoles and ethyl acetoacetate yields 11a, b or 17a, b in downtherm, but 10a, b or 16a, b in presence of acidic catalysts. The acidic cyclisation is preceded by a new rearrangement of 9 or 15 into 1- substituted 3- 27 or 5-amino-4-(1-methyl-2-ethoxycarbonyl-vinyl)-pyrazoles 30; mechanism and concurring reactions are explained. Because of their higher electron densities at C-4 it is easier to cyclise derivatives of 5-amino-pyrazoles compared to 3-amino-pyrazoles. All isomeric 1- or 2-substituted 4(6)-chloro-6(4)-methyl-pyrazolo-[3,4-b]pyridines are formed with POCl3 from the corresponding oxo-compounds.The position of a substituent at N-1 or N-2 of [3,4]-fused pyrazoles can be assigned using the significant 1H-n.m.r.-parameter ΔHMPTCDCL3 = δCDCl3  -  - δHMPT (conc. HC - 3). If solvent influences are considered, δ(C = O) is a useful 13C-n.m.r.-parameter to distinguish the 4-oxo-types (11a, b; 17a, b) from the 6-oxo-types (10a, b; 16a, b) of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridones. Further own and lit. dates conc. structural assignment (n.m.r., i.r., u.v.) are discussed critically.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 57
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 921-927 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Neue Möglichkeiten zur Verwendung von 1,1,1-Trichlor-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethan für die Darstellung von selbstlöschenden und wärmebeständigen Polyurethan- und PolyharnstoffharzenEs werden Reaktionen zur Darstellung von 1,1,1-Trichlor-2,2-bis(4-chlor-3-aminophenyl)ethan, 1,1-Dichlor-2,2-bis(4-chlor-3-isocyanatophenyl)ethylen und 1,1,1-Trichlor-2,2-bis(4-chlor-3,5-diaminophenyl)ethan aus 1,1,1-Trichlor-2,2-bis(4-chlorphenyl)ethan beschrieben. Die Polyadditionsprodukte der Diisocyanate mit Diolen und Diaminen werden durch Derivatographie charakterisiert.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 58
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 953-958 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Mass Spectra of Alicyclic Compounds. VI. Mass Spectrometric Fragmentation of Chloroacetic Esters of the trans-1,4-CyclohexanediolThe electron impact mass spectra of some chloroacetic esters of trans-1,4-cyclo-hexanediol and of cyclohexanol are discussed.It was found that the fragmentation process in these compounds is determined by the number of chlorine atoms in the acid and the interactions between the two functional groups.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 59
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 987-999 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Chemical Synthesis of the Oligonucleotides dpG-A-T-A-T-C, dpG-A-T-C-T-T-T-T and dpT-T-T-C-A-T-C-A-TFor studies of some sequence dependent structural factors the oligonucleotides dpG-A-T-A-T-C, dpG-A-T-C-T-T-T-T and dpT-T-T-C-A-T-C-A-T were required. Their chemical synthesis is reported according to the diester method.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 60
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 1021-1028 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Reaction of o-Halobenzyl Cyanides with Carbon Disulfide and Phenyl IsothiocyanateStarting from o-halobenzyl cyanides 1 and carbon disulfide in the presence of sodium hydride dithiolates 3 are prepared, which are not isolated. Alkylation under cooling gives ketene S, S-acetals 4, while on heating at 100°C benzo[b]thiophenes 6 are obtained. Nitrile cyclisation yields thieno[2, 3-b]benzothiophene 7. Reaction of 1 with phenyl isothiocyanate/sodium hydride and subsequent alkylation leads to the ketene S, N-acetals 13 und to the thiazolidines 15.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 61
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 1047-1052 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Reaktionen mit Acetondicarbonsäure-Dianiliden. I. Reaktionen an der Carbonylgruppe
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 62
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979) 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 63
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 8-12 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Reaktion von Grignardverbindungen mit gemischten DiimidenN-Phthalimidosukzinimid 1 und N-Phthalimidomaleinsäureimid 2 entstehen aus N-Aminophthalimid und Succzinsäure- bzw. Maleinsäureanhydrid. 1 reagiert mit Grignardverbindungen zu den 3, 3-disubstituierten Phthaliden 3 und N-Aminosucczinimid. 2 reagiert mit Grignardverbindungen ebenfalls zu den Phthaliden 3 und einem schwer zu reinigenden Verbindungsgemisch. N-Phthalimidomaleinsäureimid 2 reagiert leicht mit Diazoalkanen und Stickstoffwasserstoffsäure.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 64
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 112-116 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: On the Use of Nitrosomesitylene as a Spin Trap2, 4, 6-Trimethylnitrosobenzene (nitrosomesitylene) has been tested for spin trapping of radicals. The rate constant for trapping of tert. butyl radicals by nitrosomesitylene has been estimated to be (1.2 ± 0.3) · 108 mole-1 dm3 s-1.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 65
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 107-111 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Studies on Sulphochlorination of Paraffins. IV. On the Sulphochlorination of IsobutaneIn the sulphochlorination of isobutane at -20 to -10°C a mixture of 20-25% tert.-butyl and 75-80% of isobutyl sulphochlorides is formed. The mixture has been analyzed by 1H- and by 13C-n.m.r.-spectroscopy. It is possible to transform the mixture of sulphochlorides into mixtures of the corresponding sulphonates, sulphonic acid methyl esters or sulphonic acid demithylamides. During the work-up of the sulphochlorination mixtures it is necessary to keep the temperature low, because tertiary butyl sulphochloride is desulphonated at a noticeable rate already at temperatures above 35°C.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 66
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 205-214 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Synthesis and Reactions of 2-[Bis-(alkylthio)-methyliden]-indan-1,3-dionesThe 2-[bis-(alkylthio)-methyliden]-indan-1,3-diones 3 and especially the methyl-compound 3a react with nucleophiles by substitution of the CH3—S—group. The reaction with amines are yields the S,N— or N,N-acetales 7 and 8, respectively. Diamines, amino hydroxy- or amino-mercapto compounds as dinucleophiles give the cyclic compounds 9 or the condensed heterocycles 12 and 16, where the carbonyl group has been integrated in the cyclisation. Also carbanions react with 3a under substitution. The structures of the final products are determined with ir-, 1H-n.m.r.- and ms-spectra.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 67
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 231-242 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Control of Synthesis and Characterization of Higher-Molecular Peptides by Means of 13C n.m.r. SpectroscopyThe 13C n.m.r. spectra of the C-terminal bovine insulin decapeptide derivative Boc-Glu(OBzl)-Arg(H+)-Gly-Phe-Phe-Tyr(Bzl)-Thr(Bzl)-Pro-Lys(Z)-Ala-OBzl as well as the amino acid and peptide intermediates used in its synthesis, have been measured and assigned as extensively as possible. The use of 13C n.m.r. spectroscopy as a method for controlling the synthesis and for the characterization of higher-molecular peptides is discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 68
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Photocatalytic Systems. XVI. Photo-oxidation of Octacyano Molybdate (IV) by Excitation in the Long-Wave Range
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 69
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 197-204 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Phase Transitions of Liquid Crystalline Modifications by Photochemical IsomerisationOn irradiating of liquid crystalline phases of aromatic azo- and azoxy-compounds, stilbenes or of derivatives of cinnamic acid by light of appropriate wave lengths the liquid crystalline phase will be converted into the isotropic liquid. In case of the azo- and azoxy-compounds studied this process is reversible, in case of the stilbene and cinnamic acid derivatives partially irreversible. The experimental results indicate that the photoinduced phase transition is caused by a trans-cis-isomerisation. For azo-compounds with more liquid crystalline phases also photoinduced transitions are possible between different liquid crystalline phases.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 70
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 226-230 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Reaction of 1-(2-Benzoxazolon-3-yl)-2-propanones with Hydrazinhydrate. The reaction of 1-(2-benzoxazolon-3-yl)-2-propanones 1a-g with hydrazinhydrate is studied. It is shown that according to the reactional conditions are obtained hydrazones 2a-b, azines 4a-b and 6-Methyl-4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazine-3-ones 6a-g. The structure of the products is discussed on the base of i.r. and n.m.r.-spectras.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 71
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 127-130 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Darstellung und Reaktionen einiger 5-Chlorpyrazole
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 72
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 161-163 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Preparation of Aliphatic Diisocyanates without Using of PhosgeneDas Hauptausgangsmaterial für die Synthese des modernen Typs von Polyurethanlacken, die gegen das Licht widerstandsfähig sind, bilden die aliphatischen Diisocyanate [1-4]. Diese Verbindungen werden im größeren Maßstab durch Phosgenierung entsprechender Diamine gewonnen. Die Methode ist aber für Mensch und Umgebung gefährlich [5].
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 73
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 349-349 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 74
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 361-369 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: α-Substituted Phosphonates. XXXIV. Esterification and N-Formylation of α-Aminomethane-bisphosphonic Acids with TriethylorthoformateIn contrast to simple mono- and bisphosphonic acids esterification of dialkylaminomethanebisphosphonic acids with orthoformate (OAE) proceeds very slowly. Monoalkyl and monoarylaminomethanebisphosphonic acids, respectively react with OAE in constrast to analogous hydroxy compounds more readily primarily by formylating the N-atom and then esterification to formyl aminomethane bisphosphonictetraesters 10. Acetaminomethanephosphonic acid (12) reacts without N-formylation, while the aminomethanebisphosphonic acid (14) reacted to give a mixture of mono- and bis-formylated products 15 and 16. By acidic hydrolysis of 10 the ester- and formylgroups are splitt off, while the ester group can selectively be removed by reaction with Me3SiBr/H2O. - As shown by 1H-, 13C- and 31P-n.m.r. spectroscopy the phosphorylated formamides 10 exists in two rotameres, the ratio depending on the solvent. The n.m.r. signals could be correlated to E-resp. Z-form undoubtedly by using shift-agents or the benzene-diluting technique. A rotational barrier of 22,8 kcal for 10c could be calculated.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 75
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 379-386 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Cyanic Acid Esters. 27. Triazino-benzimidazoles from 2-Amino-benzimidazole-1-imid-esters and Carbonyl Analogic CompoundsThe Cyclocondensation of 2-amino-benzimidazole-1-imid-esters with aldehydes, carbonic acid anhydrides and isocyanates has been investigated. With aldehydes in the presence of piperidine 4-aryloxy-1,2-dihydro-1,3,5-triazino[1,2-a]benzimidazoles 3 and with carbonic acid anhydrides 4-aryloxy-1,3,5-triazino[1,2-a]benzimidazoles 5 are formed. Isocyanates react with the imid esters to the corresponding 3-substituted ureas 8 which on heating undergo acyl migration of the carbamoyl group followed by cyclocondensation to 4-imino-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazino[1,2-a]benzimidazoles 12.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 76
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 349-349 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 77
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 415-419 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Short-Time Spectroscopic Investigations of Photochromic N-Substituted DinitrobenzylpyridinesBy means of nanosecond laser absorption spectroscopy of N-substituted photochromic dinitrobenzylpyridines is shown that in polar solvents the long wave absorbing polymethin coloured form forms independently on the electronic properties of the substituents at the pyridine nitrogen. The polymethin is formed either directly or via the nitronic acid immediately after irradiation by the laser impulse (20 ns). In nonpolar solvents, on the other hand, the polymethin is only produced if the substituent (e.g. in N-oxide 6) is able to bind the hydrogen splitted from the methylen group by photoreaction. If this is impossible (e.g. N-Methyl-compound 5) only absorption of nitronic acid occur.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 78
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 443-448 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Cathodic Reduction of Ketene S,S-acetalsKetene S,S-acetals are reduced in protic media by the cleavage of one S-alkyl group. The resulting carbanion either may be protonated or reacts with the starting material to yield dimers. The effects of different substituents on the half-wave potentials and the rate constants of amination have been investigated.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 79
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Photocatalytic Systems. XXI. On the Mechanism of the Photoreduction of Potassium Chromate in AlcoholsThe photolysis of crown ether complexes of potassium chromate in several alcohols has been investigated by e.s.r.-spectroscopy. Two different relatively long-lived Cr(V) intermediates formed by different reaction pathways have been observed. Radicalic oxidation products of the alcohols (alkoxy and hydroxyalkyl radicals as well as fragmentation products) and of the crown ether have been detected by spin trapping.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 80
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 671-674 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Vilsmeier-Reaction on Dimedone.The Vilsmeier-reaction has been studied in detail for a special cyclic β-diketone, dimedone. It was shown, that the first step in this reaction is the formation of the corresponding β-chlorovinylketone. 3-Chloro-5,5-dimethyl-cyclohex-2-en-one-(1) 2, 2,4-dichloro-6,6-dimethyl-1-formyl-cyclohexa-1,3-diene 3 und 2,4-dichloro-1,5-diformyl-6,6-dimethyl-cyclohexa-1,4-diene 4 were isolated in equal parts. The symmetrical enolether 6 was identified as condensation-product of the diformylated compound 5.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 81
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 683-690 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Koordinationsverbindungen des vierwertigen Siliziums mit stickstoff-, schwefel- und sauerstoffhaltigen Schiffschen Basen
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 82
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 704-704 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 83
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 741-746 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Stobbe-Kondensation von aromatischen Aldehyden mit DiethyldiglycollatPiperonal, p-Tolylaldehyd und p-Chlorbenzaldehyd kondensieren mit Diethyldiglycollat in Gegenwart von Natriumhydrid zu den entsprechenden Z-Halbestern 1 und den Diarylidendicarbonsäuren 2 und 3. Strukturen und Konfigurationen der Produkte wurden durch chemische und spektroskopische Methoden untersucht.
    Notizen: Piperonal, p-tolualdehyde, and p-chlorobenzaldehyde condense with diethyl diglycollate in the presence of sodium hydride to give predominantly the corresponding (Z)-half-esters 1. together with smaller yields of the diarylidene diacids 2 and 3. The structure and configuration of the products was established by chemical and spectroscopic evidence.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 84
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 721-740 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Synthesis of Substance P and of Acylated Partial SequencesSubstance P undecapeptide has been synthesized by the stepwise procedure and via condensation of the fragments 1-4 and 5-11. Formation of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid- and S-tert. butyl peptides was observed. Gln(Mbh)-containing sequences have been synthesized but were not useful for fragment condensation due to there low solubility. Additionally, some derivatives have been prepared by acylation of the C-terminal pentapeptide. Reaction with trifluoracetic acid anhydride resulted in the formation of substituted 5-amino-oxazole derivatives as detected by mass spectrometric investigation.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 85
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 769-774 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Halogenolipids. II. Problems of Synthesis and Mass Spectrometric Characterization of 2-O-acyl-3-halogeno-propane-1,2-diols3-Fluoro- and 3-chloro-2-O-palmitoyl-propane-1, 2-diol 2a, b were prepared by acylation of 3-fluoro- and 3-chloro-1-O-trityl-propane-1, 2-diol with palmitoyl chloride in pyridine and subsequent detritylation of the resulting 3-fluoro- and 3-chloro-2-O-palmitoyl-3-O-trityl-propane-1, 2-diol.3-chloro-1, 2-di-O-palmitoyl-propane-1, 2-diol was deacylated enzymatically using pancreas lipase to give 3-chloro-2-O-acylpropan-1, 2-diol 2b.2a and b both were unstable compounds which slightly isomerize  -  so under conditions of mass spectrometry  -  to give mixtures of 1- and 2-O-acyl-derivatives.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 86
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 827-834 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Synthesis of 2-Heterocyclidenamino-1, 3-diaza-trimethincyaninesThe synthesis of 2-[3-methyl-benzthiazol-(1, 3)-inylidene-(2)-amino]- and of substituted 2-[1, 3-dithiolyliden-(2)-amino]-1, 3-diaza-trimethincyanines is described. The heterocyclic imines 1 react with phosgene or thiophosgene to the corresponding ureas 2 and thiureas 3, respectively. Alkylation of 3 to the 2-alkylmercapto-1, 3-diaza-trimethincyanines 4 and subsequent condensation with imine 1 yields the dyes 5. The chemical and spectroscopical data of cyanines 5 are described.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 87
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 870-875 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Synthese von Heterocyelischen Spiroverbindungen
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 88
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 876-877 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A Simple Procedure to Prepare tert.-Butyllithium in High, Reproducible Yields
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 89
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Komplexe der o-(N-α-Pyrrolylimino)benzolsulfonsäure und 2-(N-α-Pyrrolylimino)ethansulfonsäure mit Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Pd(II), Cd(II), UO22+ und VO2+
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 90
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 712-720 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Heterocycles from Acrylonitrile. I. Reactions of 2-Cyano-aziridin with Ketones2-Cyano-aziridine 2 is stable towards water at room temperature, but yields aziridine-2-carbonamide 6 on addition of cyclohexanone. Hemiaminal 8 is shown by 13C-spectroscopy to be an intermediate in this reaction.In the absence of water the aminal-like compounds 10 and 11 are formed from 2-cyano-aziridin 2 and ketones.Above 100° 2 as well as 6 form the imidazolinone 12 on action of cyclohexanone by opening of the aziridine ring and formation of a methyl group.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 91
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 131-133 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Substituenteneinflüsse auf Reaktionsgeschwindigkeiten. VI. Kinetik der Kondensation substituierter Benzaldehyde mit Acetophenon und 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxy-propiophenon
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 92
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 327-330 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Solvent Dependence of the Barriers to Rotation about the C=C-Double Bond in Substituted Acrylates
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 93
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 345-348 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Kinetik der Epoxidierung von Allylbromid durch Wasserstoffperoxid in Gegenwart von Molybdänsäure
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 94
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 95
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979) 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 96
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Quantum Chemical Study on Colour and Stereodynamics of Acyclic Azines. II. Influence of Twisted S0 Molecular Geometries on the Spectral Behaviour and the Photochromic Effect of Benz- and AnthraldazineOn the basis of quantum chemical calculations the influence of twisted molecular geometries on the spectral behaviour of (1E,3E)- and (1E,3Z)-isomers of benz- and anthraldazine has been investigated. It is possible to point out structural peculiarities in the S0 state and to explain the photochromic effect of the arylsubstituted acyclic azines.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 97
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 475-487 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Tetrathiafulvalenes. VIII. Ethylene-bridged Polymer TetrathiafulvalenesSyntheses and properties of ethylene-bridged polymer tetrathiafulvalenes are described. These polymers react with bromine, iodine or tetracyanoquinodimethane to form the radical cation salts, whose electrical conductivity are estimated by means of powder compactions. The polymer radical cation salts have a higher conductivity than the polymer TTF (σRT max. 10-5 Ω-1cm-1). The differences in the conductivity between polymer TTF-cationhalides and polymer TTF-TCNQ-salts are small.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 98
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 516-518 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: 5-Oxo-2-pyrroline aus Δβ,γ-Butenoliden
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 99
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Oxidative Coupling of CH-acid Compounds with p-Phenylene Diamines. III. Reactivity of 4-Substituted 3-Methyl-1-phenyl-pyrazolin-5-ones with N,N-Diethyl-quinone-(1,4)-diimineSubstitution products 2-28 of 3-methyl-1-phenyl-pyrazolin-5-one 1, with a wide variety of substituents in the 4-position, were synthesized. Most of these compounds react with N,N-diethyl-quinone-(1,4)-diimine by elimination of the substituent giving the same azomethine dye as that formed by oxidative coupling of the 4-unsubstituted compound. A study of the influence of side reactions by measurement of dye yields has been undertaken.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 100
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 522-528 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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