Library

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • 1970-1974  (6,650)
  • 1965-1969  (7,807)
  • 1890-1899  (2,322)
  • General Chemistry  (13,366)
  • Chemical Engineering  (3,242)
  • Cat
Material
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 143 (1974), S. 115-126 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Cerebral cortex ; Apical dendrites ; Dendritic bundles ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In frontal, horizontal and sagittal paraffin sections through the cat's brain regional differences in the pattern of dendritic bundling have been investigated. It is shown that in the gyrus splenialis and suprasplenialis 2–5 apical dendrites of layer IV pyramids approach each other to form vertical bundles which run straight through layer IV. In the posterior sigmoid gyrus, on the other hand, most apical dendrites arising from the pyramidal cells bifurcate immediately above layer V and give rise to obliquely running branches which cross each other before turning upwards and joining other dendrites to take part in the formation of bundles. In this region the dendritic tree of the pyramidal cells seems to be characterized by an unexpectedly high degree of directional specialization.—In functional terms the findings can be summarized by stating that in the visual and sensorimotor regions of the cat's cerebral cortex basic differences exist in the relation between the apical dendrites of layer V pyramids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 143 (1974), S. 127-134 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Reticular formation ; Crossed connections ; Autoradiography ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Injection of radioactive leucine in various regions of the brain stem reticular formation has revealed the presence of ample crossed reticulo-reticular connections in the cat. The terminal area for the crossed fibers are almost mirror images of the injected sites. The findings made is another example that hitherto unknown fiber connections can be demonstrated by axoplasmic protein tracing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 146 (1974), S. 1-20 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Placenta ; Cat ; Differentiation ; Function ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'ultrastructure du labyrinthe de placenta de chatte a été étudiée du 45e au 63e jour de gestation. Cette formation endothéliochoriale est composée: d'un endothélium maternel hypertrophié et de cellules géantes déciduales; d'une couche de «substance inerte interstitielle»; du trophoblaste constitué d'une assise syncytiale continue (syncytiotrophoblaste) et d'une assise cellulaire discontinue (cytotrophoblaste); d'un endothélium foetal accompagné de son environnement mésenchymateux. Les capillaires foetaux envahissent progressivement le syncytiotrophoblaste. L'hypertrophie de l'endothélium maternel diminue en fin de gestation; de ce fait la distance, séparant le sang maternel du sang foetal, peut atteindre en certains points 2 μ. L'endothélium maternel, le syncytiotrophoblaste et l'endothélium foetal présentent des signes ultrastructuraux d'un rôle de transfert. La «substance inerte inerte interstitielle», qui sépare les tissus d'origine maternelle des tissus d'origine foetale, est constante mais d'épaisseur variable; elle est spécifique des structures endothéliochoriales. Les cellules géantes déciduales, dont le nombre diminue en fin de gestation comportent parfois un ou plusieurs «corps glycogéniques». Le syncytiotrophoblaste, siége d'activité de biosynthése de stéroïdes, est riche en ergastoplasme, ce qui autorise à postuler la synthése d'hormones protéiques.
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of feline placental labyrinth has been studied from the 45th to the 63rd day of gestation. The endotheliochorial structure is composed of: a thick hypertrophied maternal endothelium with giant decidual cells; an “interstitial inert substance”; a continuous syncytial layer (syncytiotrophoblast) and a discontinuous cellular layer (cytotrophoblast) of trophoblast; and a thin foetal endothelium with its surrounding mesenchyme. Foetal capillaries increasingly invade the syncytiotrophoblast. Maternal endothelial hypertrophy is reduced in the last days of gestation. Thus the interval between maternal and foetal bloods may in some areas become 2 μ, in late pregnancy. Foetal endothelium, syncytiotrophoblast, and maternal endothelium demonstrate ultrastructural features of transfer function. The “interstitial inert substance”, which separates maternal from foetal tissue was always evident though with variable thickness. The giant decidual cells which are reduced in late pregnancy, show one or several “glycogen bodies”. The syncytiotrophoblast, where some steroïd biosynthesis has been demonstrated, has an extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum suggestive of protein hormone synthesis activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 146 (1974), S. 141-156 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Tapetum lucidum cellulosum ; Cat ; Development ; Light and electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die postnatale Entwicklung des Tapetum lucidum cellulosum der Katze wird mit licht- und elektronenmikroskopischen Methoden untersucht. Bereits am ersten postnatalen Tag sind im Bereich des prospektiven Tapetum zwei Zellarten voneinander zu unterscheiden: 1. mesenchymale Bindegewebszellen und 2. prospektive Tapetumzellen, die durch elektronendichte Tapetumstäbchen gekennzeichnet sind. Die Mesenchymzellen unterteilen als parallel zur Retinaoberfläche ausgebreitete Zellplatten in der Choriodea am hinteren Augenpol den weiten extracellulären Raum in 20–25 etwa 5 μm hohe Schichten. Die Tapetumzellen liegen zwischen den Mesenchymzellplatten und wachsen im Verlaufe der ersten vier postnatalen Wochen innerhalb der Schichten in die Breite, bis sie den extracellulären Raum vollständig ausfüllen und als polygonale Zellen direkt aneinander grenzen. Im weiteren Verlauf der Entwicklung werden die Mesenchymzellplatten rückgebildet, so daß bei der adulten Katze die Tapetumzellschichten direkt übereinander liegen und nur von Netzen elastischer und kollagener Fasern getrennt sind. Die von einer Elementarmembran umgebenen Tapetumstäbchen enthalten einen elektronendichten, in den ersten postnatalen Wochen mit einer Periode von 100 Å quergestreiften Kern. Zunächst nehmen sie an Zahl und Länge zu und füllen am Ende der vierten postnatalen Woche, zu Bündeln von parallel verlaufenden Stäbchen geordnet, das Cytoplasma der Tapetumzellen. Dann nehmen die Tapetumstäbchen an Dicke zu, und ihre Querstreifung wird von einem elektronendichten Material überlagert. Die Entwicklung der Tapetumstäbchen hat eine starke Ähnlichkeit mit der in der Literatur beschriebenen Entwicklung von Melanosomen in Melanocyten. Das Tapetum lucidum cellulosum wird als ein dichter Verband hochdifferenzierter extrakutaner Melanocyten angesehen.
    Notes: Summary The postnatal development of the tapetum lucidum cellulosum of the cat was studied by light and electron microscopy. Already by the first postnatal day two cell types can be distinguished in the prospective tapeta area: 1. mesenchymal cells and 2. prospective tapetal cells, characterized by electron dense, membrane bound, rod-like inclusions. The flattened mesenchymal elements form 20–25 separate layers of cells, which are arranged parallel to the surface of the retina, subdividing the extracellular space of the chorioidea at the posterior pole of the eye into 5 μm high compartments. These compartments contain the tapetal cells which enlarge (in their longitudinal axis) during the first four weeks post partum until they occupy the extracellular space almost completely. At this stage, the tapetal cells are polygonal in shape and closely attached to each other. During the subsequent period of development there is a gradual involution of the mesenchymal cell plates. Thus, in adult cats the individual layers of tapetal cells are only separated from each other by networks of collagen and elastic fibers. The tapetal rods are bound by unit membranes and contain an electron dense core which, during the early postnatal weeks, exhibits a periodic cross-striation (100 Å). The tapetal rods increase in number and length during the first four weeks post partum; by the end of the fourth week, they occupy the whole cytoplasm of the tapetal cells. Parallelly arranged rods are grouped into individual bundles coursing inside the cytoplasm in different directions. Thereafter, the tapetal rods increase in thickness and their cross-striation becomes obscured by an electron dense material. This development of the tapetal rods closely resembles that of melanosomes. Thus the tapetum lucidum cellulosum can be regarded as a compact tissue made up of modified extracutaneous melanocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 19 (1974), S. 507-521 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cat ; LGN ; Transients ; Antagonistic inhibition ; Sensory storage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neuronal responses to interruptions of light stimuli were studied in 58 X-type and 7 Y-type LGN relay cells with intra- and extracellular recording techniques. The responses to interruption were then compared with responses to either appearing or disappearing light stimuli which had the same luminance and size as the interrupted stimulus. The extent to which responses to interruption differed from those to appearance and disappearance was studied as a function of the interstimulus interval (ISI), the duration of the stimulus before the interruption (t1) and after the interruption (t2). Responses to stimuli appearing after interruptions of up to 500 msec were weaker than those to appearance and disappearance. This difference decreased with increasing ISI. The difference between responses to appearance and interruption increased as t2 decreased, and decreased as t1 decreased. The reverse was true for the difference between responses to disappearance and interruption. Stimulation of the mesencephalic reticular formation consistently reduced the difference between responses to appearance and disappearance compared with those to interruption for all stimulus conditions. These results are discussed in the context of the psychophysical study presented in the preceding paper. It is shown that the neuronal reactions are reflected in detail by the ability of humans to detect appearances and disappearances that occur during interruptions. EPSP sequences recorded from LGN relay cells and relay cell responses conditioned by reticular stimulation suggest that the differentiation of responses to interruption and change partially occurs already in the retina. This differentiation is subsequently enhanced by antagonistic inhibition in the LGN. It is proposed that these inhibitory interactions at peripheral sites of the visual pathway store visual information and serve to reduce the redundancy of responses to short interruptions of the visual input. Centrifugal modulation of LGN inhibition is proposed to control the trade off between temporal integration and temporal resolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 20 (1974), S. 125-134 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Somato-sympathetic reflexes ; Cutaneous and muscle postganglionic neurones ; Noxious stimulation of skin ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Somomato-sympathetic reflexes in postganglionic neurones to skin and muscle induced by noxious stimulation of skin were studied in cats anaesthetized with chloralose. The reflexes were elicited by mechanical damaging stimuli and by temperature stimuli of more than 45°C. 2. In most cutaneous units the spontaneous activity was depressed during noxious stimulation of skin. Some cutaneous units were excited or showed mixed responses. The depression of the spontaneous activity was maximal from the skin area which was innervated by the cutaneous postganglionic neurones and much weaker or not elicitable from other skin areas. 3. Most muscle units were excited during noxious stimulation of skin. This excitation could be elicited from all over the body surface. 4. The effective cutaneous afferent fibres which are involved in these reflexes are the Group III axones which are excitable by mechanical damaging stimuli and the Group IV axones which are excitable by mechanical damaging and/or by thermal noxious stimuli. 5. These investigations reveal that the somato-sympathetic reflexes have opposite organization in cutaneous and muscle postganglionic fibres. The reflex patterns are discussed in relation to a possible central organization of the sympathetic nervous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 20 (1974), S. 297-302 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cat ; Selective rearing ; Maturation ; OKN ; Perception of motion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Kittens reared in the dark from birth were exposed one hour a day between the 4th and the 10th week of age, to a visual environment which consisted exclusively of vertical edges moving horizontally at a constant speed, and always in the same direction. Total exposure time varied between 10 and 60 hours. 2. At the 12th week of age, optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) in response to displacements of the visual field, was tested. Displacements in the direction that the kittens had experienced during the exposure period elicited immediately an OKN, the frequency of which was related to the speed of the moving pattern. Displacements in the opposite direction elicited a poorer response, only for slowly moving edges. When the speed of the displacement was increased, OKN failed to adapt and finally disappeared. 3. These results suggest the existence, in this type of visuomotor behavior, of a component built up by early visual experience (adaptative component) overlying another component pre-existing visual experience (pre-programmed component).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 21 (1974), S. 67-82 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Sensory transmission ; Lateral geniculate nucleus ; Visual cortex ; Attentive behaviour ; Vigilance ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The behaviour of 6 cats was studied in a vigilance task. Each cat was trained to press a pedal on the floor of a training box. A waiting interval of fixed (FI) or variable (VI) duration then followed, after which a stimulus (S), a spot of light or a tone, was presented for a short period of time. The cat gave a correct response if, during this time, it pressed a panel. The animal was then rewarded with food. When an experiment had been completed using one S the cat was trained to respond to the other. The latency of response following the onset of S was measured for each waiting interval in the VI schedules. It was found that the longer latencies were associated with the shorter waiting intervals; that is, the cats responded more quickly to S as expectancy increased. Between the time the pedal and pand were pressed the optic tract (OT) was shocked not more than once and the response of the LGN and visual cortex recorded. The time at which the shock was delivered varied from 1 trial to the next. The responsiveness of the LGN and visual cortex did not vary during the waiting interval in either of the FI schedules or in the VI schedule in which S was a spot of light. However, in the VI schedule in which S was a tone, the responsiveness of the visual cortex to the thalamocortical input declined as the length of the waiting interval increased. No changes were observed at the LGN or in the presynaptic cortical response. These results contrast with those observed during changes in the level of arousal as assessed by the ECoG. When the ECoG passed from the synchronised to the desynchronised state there was an increase in the amplitude of the postsynaptic LGN response to the OT shock, but no change in the responsiveness of the cortex to the increased thalamocortical input. These changes in transmission in the visual pathways are discussed in relationship to the animal's behaviour and to the inferred state of attention.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 21 (1974), S. 139-154 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Electrotonic coupling ; Antidromic responses ; Abducens motoneurone ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The electrical stimulation of the abducens nerve provokes the classical true antidromic invasion of the abducens motoneurone and a depolarization which is often capable of generating full action potentials in the impaled motoneurone. Experiments studying these depolarizations suggest the existence of electrotonic coupling between the abducens motoneurones of the cat. Intracellular activity of the abducens motoneurones was recorded following intracellular stimulation of the impaled neurone and antidromic stimulation of the abducens nerve. Collision between the outgoing action potential and the antidromic volley differentiated the true antidromic spike from the depolarizations which can induce or not action potentials. The latency of the depolarization ranged between 100 and 1200 μsec. Collision demonstrated that the depolarization and the true antidromic action potential have an independent origin. The depolarizations and action potentials which are not conveyed to the motoneurone by its own axon are interpreted to be generated by electrotonic coupling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 21 (1974), S. 473-486 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Lateral reticular nucleus ; Reticulocerebellar projection ; Cerebellum ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. The areas of the cerebellar cortex receiving fibres from the mLRN (major portion of the lateral reticular nucleus comprising its parvi- and magnocellular parts) were determined by identifying the low-threshold spots on the cerebellar surface from which 286 mLRN neurones could be antidromically activated. 2. The mLRN fibres terminate bilaterally in the anterior lobe and pyramis, and ipsilaterally in the paramedian lobule. Some fibres terminate also in the rostral part of lobule VI but hardly any in other parts of the cortex. It follows that the mLRN projects almost exclusively to the classical spinal receiving areas. 3. Neurones in the parvi- and magnocellular parts project to similar cortical areas. 4. Two regions in the mLRN were distinguished on the basis of their different projection areas. Region A, a dorsolateral portion of the magnocellular part, projects to the ipsilateral parts intermedia of the anterior lobe and the ipsilateral paramedian lobule. Region B, a ventral portion of the parvi- and magnocellular parts, projects bilaterally to the pars intermedia and vermis of the anterior lobe and sparsely to the pyramis. 5. Neurones throughout the parvi- and magnocellular parts receive monosynaptic excitation from fibres ascending in the ventral part of the ipsilateral lateral funiculus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 21 (1974), S. 315-336 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Visual cortex (area 17) ; Cat ; Columnar organization ; Retino-cortical scatter ; Intracortical connections
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Responses of cortical cells in the cat's area 17 (central and paracentral area), recorded successively during electrode penetrations perpendicular to the surface, were averaged (PSTH). All cells recorded during one penetration were stimulated with the same stimulus, a slowly moving light or dark slit oriented optimally for the first cell recorded. Comparisons between successively recorded cells were completed by simultaneous recordings from two neurones with the same microelectrode tip. Eye movements as an error were excluded by simultaneous recording of a geniculate cell throughout a cortical penetration. 2. The centers of excitatory receptive fields (ERFs) of simultaneously or successively recorded cells during a penetration may be separated by more than 4°. The mean scatter around a column average is 0.81±0.99° in both directions. The scatter is independent of the recording depth. Whereas the optimal orientation of cells recorded during one penetration was generally similar, the optimal direction (forward and backward movement of an optimally oriented stimulus) was variable. 3. The ERF diameters as determined from the PSTH were between 〈0.5° and 7.5°. During each penetration, cells with small (up to 3.0°) and large (〉3.0°) ERFs could be discriminated. The inhibitory fields (determined with the conditioning method of Bishop, Coombs and Henry, 1971) were between 2.0 and 8.5° along both the optimal and the non-optimal orientation axis of a cell. The borders of inhibitory fields of cells collected during one penetration were also scattered though overlapping. 4. Response analysis of simultaneously and successively recorded cells with different stimuli indicated that, in spite of considerable ERF-overlap, cells with small ERFs had separate excitatory inputs and that intracortical excitatory connections between cells recorded during one penetration were improbable. 5. The ERFs of cells with large ERFs covered a field approximately corresponding to the fields of cells with small ERFs. But a convergent input from many small ERF cells to single large ERF cells was excluded because of the incompatible functional properties of both types of cells, which correspond to some extent to simple and complex cells respectively. 6. It is concluded that cells within cortical cylinders are not connected through excitatory contacts with each other and that most cells in area 17 are excited by individual excitatory geniculate or cortical inputs. Inhibitory connections seem to be the most important intracortical connections. 7. In an Appendix it is shown that anatomical and physiological data do not support significant excitatory convergence of specific geniculate afferents on cortical neurones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Reticular formation ; Superior colliculus ; Cat ; Experimental anatomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Following altogether 18 stereotactically placed lesions of different location and size in the superior colliculus the efferent fibres to the RF and their distribution were traced in silver impregnated, approximately serial sections (Nauta and Fink and Heimer methods), cut in the transverse, horizontal or sagittal plane. The projection to the mesencephalic RF was found to be almost completely ipsilateral, that to the pontomedullary RF largely contralateral. In the mesencephalic RF the fibres end in its dorsal half approximately. In the pons and medulla they supply only the medial 2/3 of the main RF, with two distinct maxima within the total field of termination. One maximum covers the rostral part of the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis and the adjoining part of the nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis, the other occupies the rostralmost part of the latter and the caudal part of the nucleus reticularis pontis oralis. Of the precerebellar reticular nuclei the contralateral nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis receives a distinct component of tectal fibres in a small area dorsomedially. Some fibres end in a restricted part of the nucleus reticularis lateralis and in the paramedian reticular nucleus. The tectoreticular projection appears to be organized according to the same principles as other afferents to the RF. In the main RF the areas of termination of the tectoreticular fibres coincide more or less with the areas of termination of corticoreticular, fastigioreticular and vestibuloreticular fibres. These common terminal areas are those which give off the bulk of reticulospinal fibres. Some functional implications of the pattern of organization in the tectoreticular projection are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 19 (1974), S. 467-477 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Suprasylvian gyrus ; Cat ; Single neurons ; Eye movements ; Direction sensitivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 270 single neurons from the anterior part of the middle suprasylvian gyrus (AMSS) were recorded in awake and non-paralyzed cats (Chronic preparation). 10% were unresponsive to visual stimulation, the remainder reacted well to moving visual stimuli. Half of the units tested were directionally selective. Horizontal, or downward preferred directions predominated. Most neurons were relative insensitive to changes of shape, orientation, contrast, and velocity of the visual stimulus. Some neurons preferred rapid (100°/sec) jerky movements, others required complex motions of irregular shapes, a few strongly preferred objects moving towards the animal in the midsagittal plane. 40% of neurons yielded phasic On-Off reaction to flashing stationary spots. Habituation to repeated stimulation was a common feature and occured in 50% of AMSS neurons. In 19% of neurons tested the discharge rate was not affected by saccadic eye movements, when the animal faced a patterned background. Among the remainder two types of saccade associated responses could be distinguished. Type I discharged prior to or simultaneously with the onset of saccades. This early response was usually associated with saccades of particular directions. Saccades in total darkness yielded weaker and less consistent responses. Type II discharged subsequent to the onset of the saccades after a latency of 40 msec (type IIa), 40–80 msec (type IIb) and 80 msec (type IIc). Responses of type IIa are probably consequences of the retinal effects of eye movements. The saccade associated responses of type Ia, IIb and IIc are tentatively interpreted as results of an eye movement-synchroneous subcortical input, which facilitates transmission in AMSS neurons. Presaccadic facilitation, which generates type Ia responses, may be functionally related to shifts of attention prior to eye movements. It is suggested that postsaccadic facilitation, which underlies the reactions of type IIb and IIc, may be a correlate of visual attention during the fixation period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 19 (1974), S. 36-60 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cerebellar nuclei ; Motor cortex ; Evoked potentials ; Topographical organization ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. A topographical study of cerebello-cortical relations was conducted in cats anesthetized with chloralose. The potentials evoked by punctate stimulation of the cerebellar nuclei were recorded at various sites in the contralateral motor cortex. A map of the cortical responses obtained by stimulating each of the cerebellar nuclei was established. For this purpose, the stimulation thresholds as well as the response amplitudes, polarity and latency were noted. 2. Local stimulation of each cerebellar nucleus evoked responses in particular regions of the contralateral motor cortex. When a stimulus was applied to the interpositus nucleus, short latency responses were recorded in the lateral part of the area 4. Dentate nucleus stimulation induced short latency responses in the medial part of area 4 and in area 6. Furthermore, late responses were also recorded laterally in area 4. 3. The interpositus nucleus was found to project to the portion of motor cortical area controlling the distal forelimb with only a fast conducting pathway. The fastigial nucleus seems to be connected with proximal and axial motor areas. The projection system of the dentate nucleus appears to have a temporal organization: a fast conducting pathway was found to project to the axial and proximal motor area while a slower one seems to transmit impulses to the motor area of the forelimb extremity. 4. The functional aspects suggested by the temporal organization of the cerebellocortical inputs and the distribution of each nucleus projections on the motor cortical areas are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 20 (1974), S. 101-114 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Size principle ; Motoneurons ; Cat ; Recruitment ; Neurophysiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Henneman et al. have shown that a wide variety of stimuli activate motoneurons in the order of their sizes, though some reversals occur. It is not clear which motoneurons should be included in the “pool” from which recruitment by size takes place. The “pool” may consist of 1. all the motoneurons to a given muscle 2. all the motoneurons in a given ventral root or 3. all the motoneurons activated by a given stimulus. We have examined recruitment in the pool of fibers to a given muscle. A variety of mechanical stimuli to cat's legs were used to elicit bursts of activity in gastrocnemius motor units. In 30% of pairs of units, one unit had a consistently lower threshold, i.e. it always began and ended a burst. In the other 70%, either unit could start or end a burst. For 48% of motor unit pairs recorded in either the medial or lateral gastrocnemius, each unit of the pair had runs of firing of at least 10 spikes while the other was totally inactive. By the same criterion, 23% of pairs of temporalis units showed differential activity. During spontaneous breathing there was no consistent recruitment order in 24% of pairs of units in throat respiratory muscles. These data indicate that reversals of recruitment order are relatively common for motoneurons innervating the same muscle. We discuss the possibility that size principle may hold for motoneurons in a single ventral rootlet whose somas are anatomical neighbors (even though they innervate different muscles), but not for motoneurons that are anatomically distant in the cord (even though they innervate the same muscle).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 20 (1974), S. 135-143 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cat ; Renshaw cell ; Antidromic activation ; Differential blocking
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Attempts were made to study differences in the relative effectiveness of different size ranges of motor axons to Renshaw cells by differential blocking of larger fibers of the gastrocnemius nerve in cats anesthetized with Nembutal. 1. Differential blocking of larger fibers in the nerve was successfully obtained by applying trapezoid wave current to the nerve. 2. It was shown that more than half (58.1%) of the Renshaw cells receive homogeneous inputs from a motor axon collaterals, 25.8% of the cell receive collateral inputs from a certain group of fibers, and 12.5% of the Renshaw cells were activated by “γ range” fibers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 20 (1974), S. 115-123 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Somato-sympathetic reflexes ; Postganglionic fibres to skin and muscle ; Natural stimulation of skin ; Hair-follicle receptors ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Somato-sympathetic reflexes in postganglionic neurones to hairy skin and to muscle produced by mechanical non-noxious stimulation of skin were studied in cats anesthetized with chloralose. Most of the postganglionic fibres investigated were spontaneously active and had presumably vasoconstrictor function. 2. In 60% of the cutaneous postganglionic neurones stimulation of hairs induced predominantly excitation. This excitation was mostly followed by a slight depression of the spontaneous activity. In 30% of the neurones the spontaneous activity was depressed or predominantly depressed by these stimuli. 3. In most muscle postganglionic neurones the spontaneous activity was depressed by stimulation of hairs. 4. In both types of neurones the reflexes were produced by activity in hair follicle receptors with Group II afferents. Hair follicle receptors with Group III afferents most probably also contributed to this effect. Except for a slight depression of the spontaneous activity in some cutaneous postganglionic neurones by slowly adapting receptors, mechanical stimulation of other types of receptors with Group II afferents had no effect on the postganglionic neurones. 5. Reflexes in postganglionic neurones could be elicited by stimulation of hairy skin all over the body surfaces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 20 (1974), S. 273-283 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Vestibular nuclei ; Thalamic projections ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Electrolytic lesions were placed into the left vestibular nuclei of 22 adult cats. Silver impregnation for degenerated terminal fibres of serial sections revealed the existence of a relay of the corticopetal vestibular pathway in the contralateral thalamus. Its main afferent fibres originate in the superior and medial vestibular nuclei. By crosschecking the results it was possible to demarcate a focus of vestibular projections in the ventro-caudal part of the thalamus, situated between the centre median, the ventro-basal group and the caudal segment of the ventro-lateral nucleus. The direct ascending afferents of this focus are relatively few in number. The functional significance of this vestibular relay with regard to the proprioceptive influx passing through this region of the thalamus is open to discussion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 20 (1974), S. 285-296 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Ampullary nerve ; Cat ; EPSP ; IPSP ; Vestibular neuron
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The six ampullary nerves in both labyrinths were separately stimulated by electric pulses in anesthetized cats. Resulting responses in neurons in the vestibular nuclei were recorded intracellularly. Almost all the vestibular neurons showed an EPSP in response to stimulation of the ipsilateral ampullary nerve. These neurons were subclassified as A-, L-, and P-neuron receiving specific projections from the anterior, lateral and posterior canal, respectively. Three fourths of the vestibular neurons recorded from received an IPSP in response to stimulation of the contralateral ampullary nerve. Plane-specific contralateral inhibition was found in most of vestibular neurons; i.e. A-, L-, and P-neuron received IPSP from the contralateral posterior, lateral, and anterior ampullary nerve, respectively. Approximately two thirds of vestibular neurons exhibiting the plane-specific inhibition were recorded in the medial vestibular nucleus. A collision test of impulses in primary afferent fibers were performed during recording of ipsilateral EPSPs produced by strong stimulation of more than one ampullary nerve. No positive evidence was provided for the existence of neural convergence on single vestibular neurons from different ampullary nerves on the same side. It is suggested that the plane-specific contralateral inhibition increase the sensitivity of vestibular neurons during head rotation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 20 (1974), S. 347-362 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Vestibular nuclei ; Tilt response ; Sinusoid ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Extracellular recordings were made in the lateral and inferior vestibular nuclei of decerebrate, unanesthetized cats. The firing patterns of single units were studied using small amplitude sinusoidal roll tilts of from 0.01 Hz to 1.0 Hz. Three-fourths of the tilt-sensitive units showed greater modulation of their firing rates as the frequency of the sinusoidal tilt was increased. The responses of cells in both nuclei were similar. These responses were virtually unchanged in cats with chronically plugged semicircular canals, indicating a probable otolith origin for the dynamics of the tilt response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 20 (1974), S. 363-374 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Pain ; Somatosensation ; Cerebral cortex ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The experiment examines the role of the cerebral cortex in regulating responses to noxious stimulation by studying the effects of cortical ablations in cats on escape from electric shock applied to the foot pads. The latency of escape as a function of shock intensity was measured before and after bilateral ablations of various portions of the cat's somatosensory cerebral cortex. Ablations of the second somatosensory cerebral cortex significantly increased the escape response threshold. If the sulci bordering this region were included in the ablation, the threshold increase was greater and longer-lasting. Ablations of the primary somatosensory cortex increased latencies at most intensities of electric shock, but did not change the response thresholds. Ablations of both primary and second somatosensory cortex increased response thresholds and response latencies. None of these ablations altered the responses, however, if the cat had been overtrained for six to seven months prior to surgery. The results suggest that the second somatosensory region and the sulci bordering the second somatosensory region in the cat cerebral cortex are involved in responses to noxious stimulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 21 (1974), S. 45-66 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Visual cortex ; Efferent cells ; Non-efferent cells ; Synaptic connection ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neuronal connections in the visual cortex of cat (areas 17 and 18) were studied with intracellular recording and electrical stimulation techniques under Nembutal anaesthesia. Four types of axonal projection were seen; 1. association efferent cells projecting to adjacent cerebral cortex on the ipsilateral side, 2. commissural efferent cells to visual cortex on the contralateral side, 3. corticofugal efferent cells to the ipsilateral lateral geniculate body and superior colliculus, and 4. non-efferent cells whose projection is confined within the visual cortex. Both association and commissural efferent cells were located in layer III, corticofugal efferent cells in layer V and non-efferent cells in layers II–VI. Upon these cells two types of synaptic actions were exerted by the specific visual afferents that originate from the lateral geniculate body; 1. type I, monosynaptic excitation plus disynaptic inhibition and 2. type II, disynaptic excitation plus trisynaptic inhibition. Type I effects were found in layers III–V, and type II in layers II and VI. In the border region between areas 17 and 18 monosynaptic excitation and disynaptic inhibition were produced also by the commissural efferents originating from the contralateral visual cortex. On the basis of these results, a possible neuronal circuitry in the visual cortex is postulated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 21 (1974), S. 501-513 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Lateral reticular nucleus ; Spinoreticular tract ; Cerebellum ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. The activation of neurones in the mLRN (major portion of lateral reticular nucleus comprising its parvi- and magnocellular parts) by two spinal tracts ascending through the ventral part of the lateral funiculus has been studied by recording from 277 neurones of which 187 could be antidromically activated by stimulation of the cerebellar surface. Forty-eight % of the neurones were activated by the bVFRT and described in a previous paper (Clendenin et al., 1975b) and 12% were activated by a previously unknown tract denoted the ipsilateral forelimb (iF) tract and described in the present paper. 2. The iF-tract is activated by stimulation of nerves in the ipsilateral forelimb only. The response consists of a train of impulses with a high initial frequency and an almost constant latency. Cutaneous afferents and high threshold muscle afferents contribute to the excitation which is mediated by interneurones. 3. The responses to stimulation of peripheral receptors were weak and difficult to classify. 4. The iF-tract activates neurones in the dorsolateral portion of the magnocellular part of the mLRN which projects to the ipsilateral pars intermedia of the anterior lobe and the ipsilateral paramedian lobule. 5. The possible information carried by the iF-tract is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 21 (1974), S. 433-439 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Superior colliculus ; Visual cortex ; Layer V-pyramids ; Clare Bishop area ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Stereotaxic injection of horseradish peroxidase into the superior colliculus produced retrograde labelling of layer V pyramides in the Clare Bishop area and the lateral bank of the suprasylvian sulcus, in area 17,18 and 19. Single labelled cells were also found scattered in the splenial, the suprasplenial, the lateral and the suprasylvian gyri. In the cruciate sulcus no labelled cells were observed. Autoradiographically, the lateral bank of the suprasylvian sulcus was also shown to give rise to fibres to the superior colliculus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Lateral reticular nucleus ; Bilateral ventral flexor reflex tract (bVFRT) ; Spino-reticulo-cerebellar path ; Cerebellum ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Neurones in the lateral reticular nucleus (LRN) activated by the bilateral ventral flexor reflex tract (bVFRT-LRN neurones) were identified by their responses to stimulation of fibres descending in the contralateral ventral quadrant of the spinal cord which activate the bVFRT neurones monosynaptically. 2. Eighty-eight of the 134 bVFRT-LRN neurones encountered could be antidromically activated at a low stimulus strength from small areas of the cerebellar surface assumed to represent cortical termination points. 3. The bVFRT-LRN neurones occurred throughout the parvi- and magnocellular parts of the LRN and terminated bilaterally in the anterior lobe and sparsely in the ipsilateral paramedian lobule and in the pyramis. 4. The responses evoked in the bVFRT-LRN neurones on stimulation of the contralateral ventral quadrant at C5 and L1 made it possible to estimate the approximate spinal level from which the bVFRT fibres originated. On this basis the bVFRT-LRN neurones were divided into cervical, thoracic, and lumbar groups receiving bVFRT afferents from mainly one spinal level and a convergence group receiving bVFRT afferents from several levels. 5. The different bVFRT-LRN groups received excitation from different combinations of nerves in the four limbs. 6. The cervical, thoracic and lumbar groups of the bVFRT-LRN neurones occurred in successively more ventrolateral portions of the LRN. 7. The cervical, thoracic and lumbar groups of the bVFRT-LRN neurones terminated in successively more rostral areas of the anterior lobe. 8. The organization of the bVFRT-LRN path is compared with that of the ventral and rostral spinocerebellar tracts. The possible function of the bVFRT-LRN path is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Splanchnic Afferents ; G.I. and Peritoneal Receptors ; Cortical Projections ; Microelectrode Technique ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The experiments were performed on cats anesthetized with chloralose or Nembutal. The unitary activity of cortical neurons was recorded in the SI and SII areas by means of extracellular glass microelectrodes. The neurons showed frequently a spontaneous discharge (irregular or regular tonic discharge bursts of spikes). The electrical stimulation of contralateral splanchnic nerves produced different effects on a great number of the neurons: 1. early short activation, 2. late activation, 3. early and late complex activation, 4. partial or total inhibition of the spontaneous activity. These effects were obtained in the different cortical layers. Similar results have been observed by mechanical stimulation of the splanchnic receptors located in the gastro-intestinal tract and in the peritoneum. However in this case, the duration and the amplitude of inhibition and activation were generally weaker.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 148 (1974), S. 577-586 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Node of Ranvier ; Axonal-glial junctions ; Cat ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The paranodal zone of myelinated nerve fibers from the CNS of cats has been studied by means of the lanthanum technique and after freeze-etching. Special interest was given to the axonal-glial zones of contact in this region. Examination of the membranes of the paranodal pockets and the axolemma revealed that the membrane thickenings which occur between the adjacent membranes actually consist of bands. The bands show a specific pattern of diagonal running subunits 10 nm apart. These substructures of the axonal side of the membrane contacts protrude outwards, i.e. towards the glial membrane, where they fit into depressions on the glial membrane surface. This arrangement in form of a “zip-fastener” makes the whole structure very flexible. The subdivision of the bands was identified with both techniques. The different membrane aspects obtained by the freeze-etching technique are discussed in respect to the splitting theory, and a hypothetical model of this membrane specialization is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 150 (1974), S. 409-423 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Synaptic organization ; Trochlear nucleus ; Cat ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two distinct types of neuron in the cat trochlear nucleus (one large, one small) are described, the α- and γ-motoneurons, respectively. Four types of terminals are observed which establish axo-dendritic synapses. Two of them (Types I and II) perform axo-somatic synapses as well. Terminals en passant (Types I and II) are predominant. The Type I terminal is long and slender with a characteristic distribution of the axoplasmic organelles and the unique feature of a relative narrowing of the synaptic cleft as compared to the width of the neighboring extracellular space. Its vesicle population is pleomorphic and a conspicuous glial barrier surrounds the synaptic zones. The Type II terminal differs slightly from Type I, revealing a wider synaptic cleft and lacking a characteristic distribution of the axoplasmic organelles. The type III terminal is rarely observed performing axo-somatic synapses, but is a common finding in the neuropil. Post-junctional dense bodies are often present in its axodendritic synapses. The Type IV nerve terminal performs axo-dendritic synapses and is characterized by a rich content of large granulated vesicles. Axo-axonal synapses are observed only very rarely. The synaptic organization of the feline trochlear nucleus is compared with the synaptic morphology of the oculomotor nuclei of inframammalian species (Waxman and Pappas, 1971). In addition to certain similarities (e.g., richness of synapses en passant), significant differences are encountered: the present study provides no morphological evidence for electrotonic transmission in the trochlear nucleus of cat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 151 (1974), S. 489-498 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Limbic system ; Cat ; Amygdaloid body ; Light and electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The present study was undertaken to re-examine the central nucleus of the cat in Nissl stained sections, to describe its fine structural characteristics, and to compare the lateral subdivision of this nucleus with the putamen. In Nissl preparations, it was observed that the lateral subdivision of the central nucleus contains a fairly homogeneous population of small cells while the putamen contains both small and large cells. It is the presence of a few large cells at the lateral periphery of the lateral part of the central nucleus that makes the boundary between the two nuclei indistinct. Examination of the fine structure of the medial and lateral subdivisions of the central nucleus revealed the presence of many boutons containing flattened vesicles and fewer with spheroid vesicles. In contrast, most of the boutons in the putamen have spheroid vesicles. It is concluded that the lateral subdivision of the central nucleus may be distinguished from the putamen, except at its most lateral border, by its homogeneous population of small cells and its many boutons containing flattened vesicles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 149 (1974), S. 121-135 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Astrocytic membranes ; Cat ; Orthogonal particle-complexes ; Freeze-etching
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fixed and unfixed astrocytic membranes from the CNS of the cat were studied by means of the freeze-etching technique. A variable number of gap junctions was detected in astrocytic membranes. They are characterized by the well known hexagonal composition of their subunits. Besides this type of highly ordered membrane-bound particles, a second one was found. It is composed of four single particles (diameter 5 nm) which form an orthogonal subunit with a side length of about 10 nm. These membrane-associated orthogonal particle complexes (MOPC) could be observed in different stages of aggregation and expansion. They reveal an accumulation in membranes of the marginal glia layers and in the perivascular astrocytic end-feet. Unfixed, glycerol treated membranes, however, do not show these structures. After glycerol treatment of the unfixed membranes by immersion, the MOPC disintegrate to single particles which form clusters of various extension. The clustering phenomenon is dependent on the length of the time of exposure to glycerol. Shortening of the glycerol treatment by intravasal perfusion of the cryoprotectant agent causes an decrease of the clusters. Fragments and transient forms of the MOPC become visible. By variation of different physico-chemical parameters of the washing solution a similar effect on the MOPC was not achieved. The discussion deals with probable functional aspects of the MOPC. They are considered to act as membrane-bound functional multienzyme complexes which a) might play a role in mediating transmembrane passage of metabolites, or b) are essential for CSF control mechanisms, or c) have a functional relation to the nexus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 150 (1974), S. 143-145 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Arteria centralis retinae ; Cat ; Innervation ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Terminal axons emerging from the inner plexiform layer of the cat retina reach the wall of the arteria centralis retinae, as revealed by electron microscopy. Numerous unusually large dense core vesicles (about 1000 Å in diameter), of different electron densities, occur in the varicosities of these axons. These observations may be compatible with the idea of an innervation of the central artery of the retina which is non-autonomic, possibly intrinsic in nature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 148 (1974), S. 565-576 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Central myelin ; Junctions ; Cat ; Freeze-etching ; Lanthanum impregnation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In male and female cats central myelin was studied using the freeze-etching technique, and after impregnation with lanthanum as a tracer. The freeze-fractured and etched faces of the myelin reveal membrane formations which in many respects resemble tight junctions. The formations consist of parallel rows of particles on one half of the membranes matched by corresponding furrows on the other membrane half. These structures occur across the width of the myelin sheath and are most common in that part of the myelin underlying the external cytoplasmic loop. They are interpreted as correlates of the radial component of the i-line which occurs in cross-sections of central myelin after potassium permanganate staining. In the paranodal zone the lanthanum-impregnated myelin displays punctate fusions between the outer leaflets of the oligodendrocytic membranes. These findings strongly suggest that tight junctions are a common feature in the central myelin. The arrangement of the membrane fusion in relation to the elements of the lamellar complex and their functional significance is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 151 (1974), S. 499-508 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Limbic system ; Cat ; Amygdaloid body ; Hypothalamus ; Stereotaxic lesions ; Light and electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In order to determine the origin of the hypothalamo-amygdaloid connections in the cat, small lesions were placed at various rostro-caudal levels of the hypothalamus. The animals were sacrificed after a period of 4, 8 or 11 days and the brains stained with the Nauta (1957), Fink and Heimer (1967) or Wiitanen (1969) method for the demonstration of degenerating axons and their terminals. It was observed that the anterior hypothalamic nucleus sends a small projection to the medial subdivision of the central nucleus and to the basal and lateral nuclei of the amygdala. The lateral preoptic area sends a larger projection to the anterior amygdaloid area, both subdivisions of the central and basal nuclei, and to the lateral and medial nuclei. No degeneration was observed in the amygdala following lesions in the medial preoptic area, the ventromedial nucleus or the lateral hypothalamic area caudal to the anterior hypothalamic area. In a series of animals with lateral preoptic lesions, the site of termination of degenerating boutons on neurons of the amygdaloid nuclei was determined and the course of the degenerative process followed over a period ranging from 2 to 15 days. Many of the boutons, especially in the earlier stages of degeneration, appeared to be of the B3 type, containing flattened vesicles and forming symmetrical synaptic contacts with dendrites or somata. With longer post-operative survival times, however, they became increasingly electron dense and shrunken, so that the bouton type could not be determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 36-42 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Formulas relating the rate of filtrate flow in a sectioned disk filter to the process variables are derived. It is demonstrated that an optimum inner radius which yields a maximum flow of filtrate can be chosen. Flow rates for drum and disk filters operating under similar conditions are compared.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 67-73 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A theoretical and experimental investigation of the pumping characteristics of the normal stress extruder was made. The theoretical model requires only material property data and extruder dimensions and rotation speed to evaluate the main velocity field, flow rate, and pressure. The flow from the extruder was measured for two viscoelastic polymer solutions and a polymer melt as a function of gap setting and angular velocity. These measurements were in reasonable agreement with the proposed model.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 103-108 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experimental data are presented for five systems, each consisting of water, an alcohol (methanol or ethanol), and an inorganic salt dissolved to saturation in the boiling liquid phase. The data confirm and extend knowledge of recently discovered anomalies to the general theory of salt effect in vapor-liquid equilibrium. A partial accounting for the observed anomalies is attempted based on recent advances in the understanding of the structural nature of alcohol-water mixtures.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 141-147 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This is a study of a photochemical reactor consisting of a vortex-stabilized arc and an annular, triple-walled, fused silica reaction chamber. An argon arc plasma provides the light. For power inputs of 3-12 kw, the spectral output of the light source was characterized as a function of wavelength, arc-gas flow rate, power input to the arc, and position along the arc. For power inputs of 3.84 and 8.45 kw, there were, respectively, 0.314 and 0.862 einsteins emitted per hour in the 2500 to 5000Å wavelength region. Selective filter solutions of 1.5N KNO3 and 0.05N KI were investigated. A reactor analysis is presented, based on mass and energy balances, and the geometrical properties of the system.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 172-172 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 175-177 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 185-188 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 184-184 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 200-202 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 205-205 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 207-207 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 206-206 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effect of changing platinum crystallite size from 2.7 to 15.5 nm on the specific catalytic activity in NO reduction by NH3, with and without added O2, was studied over alumina supported platinum catalysts between 423 and 473°K. In the NO-NH3 system both specific catalytic activity and selectivity to N2 are independent of crystallite size. In the NO-O2-NH3 system the specific catalytic activity of the 15.5 nm crystallites is about six times that of the 2.7 nm crystallites. The NO reduction rate shows dependence on NO to the first power and on NH3 to the one-half power.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974) 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 353-356 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Measurements of iodine dissolution rates in supercritical carbon dioxide and other supercritical fluids show when the iodine flux in these systems can be made fast. For these systems, the dominant factor in achieving this fast flux is the solubility; increases in diffusion coefficient have less effect. An approximate guide for estimating these fluxes is developed and compared with the experimental results.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 395-396 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 402-404 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 413-413 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 414-414 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 415-416 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 206-206 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Holographic techniques employing a pulse ruby laser were used to measure the size and velocity of drops for air-water two-phase critical flow at quality levels above 0.95. The use of a large numerical aperture in the holographic recording system permitted diffraction limited resolution of the droplets. The measured slip ratio a long withthe observation that a very significant portion of the liquid phase was concentrated near the boundary layer at the exit plane indicates that a separated flow model describing two-phase critical flow would represent the actual conditions to a better degree than the other models.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 273-279 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Polydisperse submicronic lead chloride aerosols were generated from melt phase under dry and humid conditions. The particle size and concentration increased with increasing generation temperature. The aerosol particles generated in a dry atmosphere were pherical while the aerosol particles generated in humid atmosphere showed development of crystallinity at the surface.Coagulation rates of the aerosol generated in a dry atmosphere were measured at room temperature under different humidities. The coagulation rates were in goodagreement with Smoluchowski's theory, modified to include the effect of polydisperisity and were unaffected by humidity. The interaction of lead chloride particles with the water vapor was characterized by a process of adsorption a the interfce. The coagulated aerosol exhibited a chain structure for humidities lower than 70% and, at higher humidities, compact agglomeration was observed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 306-310 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A thermal continuous parametric pump for separating multicomponent mixtures was experimentally investigated using the model system tolueneaniline-n-heptane on silica gel adsorbent. A simple method for predicting separations is presented and is found to be in good agreement with the experimental results. The method, based on an equilibrium theory, invokes the assumption that a multicomponent mixture contains a series of pseudo binary systems. Each binary system consists of one of the solutes as one component and the common inert solvent as the other component.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 326-335 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Based on new experimental data presented for the boiling point elevation of natural sea water solutions, smoothed tabular values are presented for boiling point elevation (BPE), osmotic coefficient, water activity, osmotic pressure, and minimum separation energy to 200°C and 12% sea salt.The concentration of sodium chloride solutions having the same water activities as sea salt solutions is also presented.Rigorous thermodynamics and the equations for strong electrolytes by Bromley (1973) were used for the correlation together with previously obtained heat capacity and enthalpy data and equations. A simplified equation is presented for boiling point elevation.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 357-362 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Liquid composition-total pressure and liquid composition-liquid density data for the carbon dioxide-ethane system were measured at -31.7°, -17.8°, -3.9°, and 10.0°C (-25°, 0°, 25°, and 50°F ± 0.02°F), from 0 to 80 mole % CO2 at 10°C and 0 to 100% CO2 for the other isotherms. The Benedict-Webb-Rubin equation of state with a modified A0 mixing rule was used to correlate the composition-pressure data, with deviations in predicted pressures of only 0.8% average and 2% maximum. Vapor-liquid equilibrium compositions and component K values y/x were then predicted for this minimum boiling azeotrope system from 10° down to -56.7°C (50° to -70°F).
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 376-387 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper outlines the concepts for a systematic approach to the safety analysis of chemical processing systems. A procedure for automatically generating fault trees is presented. The fault trees describe nearly all the failure modes for the system under analysis. The fault tree generation procedure uses information on (1) the description of the system (detailed flowsheet), (2) physical and chemical properties of materials in and around the system, and (3) unit models which describe the behavior of the units within the system and which are assembled to describe the behavior of the complete system. The unit models are connected to form an information flow structure for the complete processing system. Unit failure models are also defined for common chemical units. By systematically defining hazard states and searching the information flow structure for the system, it is possible to generate fault trees for the complete process. An analysis of the fault trees can reveal the important failure modes for the process.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 391-393 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 742-750 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper applies the principles of geometric programming to the optimization of the well-known Williams-Otto process. Following the trend of the articles published on this subject, two different objective functions are considered and the results are compared to those of other investigators.The dual geometric program is used to provide an answer to the question of why the optimal value of the objective function remains unchanged for perturbations in a certain variable.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 770-775 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Carbon dioxide was absorbed by aqueous Carbopol solutions in a turbine-agitated vessel for the cases of absorption across an unbroken interface and absorption with the gas bubbling through the liquid. The rheological behavior of the solutions was described by the non-Newtonian power law model with flow behavior indices varying from 0.92 to 0.59. An effective viscosity technique which had previously been developed to correlate agitated vessel rates of viscous dissipation and heat transfer with power law pseudoplastic fluids was used to correlate the data.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974) 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 461-466 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A solution is given for unsteady state concentration profiles in an infinitely long composite cylinder resulting from a step-change in concentration in a large reservoir surrounding the cylinder. The composite cylinder consists of an inner cylinder with diffusivity D1 surrounded by a permeable tube with diffusivity D2 and has interfacial mass transfer resistances at the cylinder-tube and tube-reservoir interfaces. Numerical values are given for the first eight roots and various coefficients of the solution for physical properties typical of tubular (hollow fiber) membranes. These results can be used in the analysis of data from unsteady state mass transfer experiments to determine the permeability of homogeneous tubular membranes. A simple, approximate method for data analysis is suggested for the rapid estimation of the permeability of both homogeneous and asymmetric (skinned) tubular membranes.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 491-502 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The problem of synthesizing an optimal multicomponent separation system which is energy integrated is solved by a combined decomposition and dynamic programming technique.Dynamic programming is an optimization technique which allows the solution by decomposition of a multistage or serial optimization problem. Whenever the special serial structure is absent, again decomposition can be tried, but in this case it is by no means obvious how to decompose effectively the given problem into subproblems. In this paper the nonserial problem of synthesizing an energy integrated separation system is solved by decomposing the original problem so that a serial structure results.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 522-529 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The apparent diffusivity for the binary liquid systems benzene-cumene and cyclohexane-cumene in H-mordenite crystals at 25°C to 44°C was increased by an order of magnitude or more after the zeolite was acid-leached to increase the silica-alumina mole ratio from the range of 14 to 18 to the range of 70 to 89. The calculated diffusivities, which range from 10-12 to 10-16 cm2/s, decrease with approach to sorption equilibrium and may be markedly reduced under some circumstances by adsorption of molecules from the bulk liquid, causing blockage of pores.Comparison of sorption capacities as a function of silica-alumina ratio as reported by various investigators indicates that considerable differences exist in the properties of acid-leached mordenites of the same silica-alumina ratio but of different origins.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 530-538 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A geometric model for an homogeneous swarm of spherical particles was introduced by us in an earlier paper and successfully employed in a theoretical investigation of diffusive transport processes occurring therein.The same geometric model is used here in a theoretical study of the hydrodynamic transport process occurring within a fixed swarm of spherical particles. The product of the application of this model to the problem of incompressible, creeping fluid flow within an homogeneous swarm of impermeable spherical particles may be regarded as a logical extension of the well-known Brinkman model; it permits physical representation and rigorous mathematical solution, yielding predictions which are in good agreement with experimental data throughout the entire porosity range. For porosities in excess of 0.7, the predictions agree closely with those obtained by means of Happel's free surface model.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 598-600 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 695-706 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Waves on falling liquid film display certain random features. At least two classes of such random waves are shown to exist; large waves which carry the bulk of the fluid and small waves which cover a substrate film that exists between large waves. It is shown that the statistics of the substrate thicknes and its wave structure can be extracted from measurements of the variation of film thickness with time. A theory is presented for calculating the mean substrate thickness and the substrate flow rate. The statistics of the wave structure is presented and compared with existing theory. The importance of the substrate in controlling transfer processes is demonstrated.
    Additional Material: 24 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 1040-1040 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 1066-1079 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An overview of a nondestructive semimicro mechanical technique-pioneered, developed, and exploited by the author-which is used for characterizing phase transitions and transformations in polymeric materials is presented. Particular attention is given to literature published since January, 1972, which pertains to advances in automation, data acquisition and processing, and application to polymeric systems. The instrument has been consolidated as a powerful and convenient mechanical spectrometer in this short period.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 795-803 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Ice-crystal secondary nucleation kinetics are derived from thermal response experiments carried out with concentrated sugar solutions and fruit juices. Variables studied include the level of supersaturation, power input, sugar concentration, sugar type, and the presence of high-molecular-weight additives. The nucleation rate is indicated to have a low-order dependence upon subcooling (about 1.25 power) for subcoolings in the range 0.25 to 1.00°C. Fruit juices are well modeled by the corresponding synthetic sugar solution. The selection and improvement of processing approaches for freeze concentration of food liquids are discussed in light of the experimental results.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 819-820 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 847-855 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: It is demonstrated that a single equation of state may be used to describe all three phases in liquid-liquid-vapor equilibrium situations. Wilson's version of the Redlich-Kwong equation is shown to predict accurately the water solubility in normal paraffins with interaction parameters k12 = 0.50. A simple procedure for three-phase flash computations is presented. Results obtained using this procedure for the system methane, n-butane, water exhibit many of the characteristics of the experimental data of McKetta and Katz (1948). In particular, the water content of the vapor phase and the liquid hydrocarbon phase are accurately predicted.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 900-905 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A case study is made to determine the dependence of the deep bed filtration rate (expressed in terms of the fraction of suspended particles impacted) on the eight dimensionless parameters, which are found to be relevant in the filtration process, based on the trajectory calculation method developed in Part I of this series. In addition, comparisons between results based on the theoretical model of this work and available experimental data are made. Comparisons are also made with some of FitzPatrick's theoretical results. The results of this study demonstrate clearly the complex and interactive nature of the relation between the various parameters and the efficiency of filtration. Accordingly, the conventional format of correlating experimental data, which equates the filter coefficient with a product of the pertinent dimensionless groups, each raised to an empirical exponent, will not be adequate in providing a generalized correlation of experimental filtration data.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 1017-1020 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 1026-1027 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 1031-1034 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 823-824 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 829-829 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 831-831 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 833-840 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Choosing the type of laboratory reactor for evaluating process kinetics may be the most crucial step in an industrial process development program. Not only would a wrong choice result in expensive delays, but data may be obtained which would scale-up erroneously, leading to a disastrous commercial design. Some of the pitfalls and limitations of various laboratory reactors are discussed for some typically complex industrial reaction systems. A modus operandi is suggested for choosing from among the potential reactors those that have the best chance of supplying the desired data. As is typical of many complex industrial reaction systems, no one reactor turns out to be ideal and many times the building of two or more types is advantageous.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 863-872 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The instability and breakup of laminar liquid jets in gaseous surroundings is investigated for conditions under which a solute is transferring across the jet interface rendering the system susceptible to Marangoni convection. Linear hydrodynamic stability analysis reveals that solute transfer out of the jet is stabilizing (produces longer jets) while transfer into the jet is destabilizing and promotes breakup. Solute adsorption, including as a limiting case the presence of a spread surfactant monolayer, may strongly counteract the stabilizing or destabilizing effects of mass transfer but has only a negligible effect on jet stability in the absence of interphase mass transfer. Qualitative experimental results for water jets in air with acetone as the transferring solute corroborate both the stabilizing and destabilizing mass transfer effects predicted by the theory.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 906-915 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A Henry's constant correlation is developed from a macroscopic Corresponding states theory for fluid mixtures. The method requires three interaction parameters which are correlated for mixtures of paraffin with nitrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, or another paraffin. Henry's constants can be calculated by this method to within experimental accuracy (about ± 5%) for the mixtures tested.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 940-950 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A formal method is described for the synthesis of multicomponent distillation systems when energy integration is considered between streams both within the separation sequence and in other parts of the process. The pressure in each column is considered as an optimization variable for both the energy integration and column sizing computations. Four rules are used to enumerate all feasible energy matches between the streams associated with the distillation columns. A bounding strategy which uses both upper and lower bounds is combined with dynamic programming to synthesize the optimal distillation sequence with energy integration. A five-component separation problem demonstrates the effectiveness of the methods.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 966-974 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: With a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, salt concentration profiles were measured in a reverse osmosis system under natural convection with the membrane in a vertical position. The measured concentration profiles compared favorably with those predicted theoretically as long as the motion remained laminar. At large distances from the leading edge, however, the flow developed a wavy pattern, especially for bulk salt concentrations in excess of 0.1 moles/liter. As expected, whenever this motion became especially pronounced, the concentration of salt at the membrane surface was less and the production rate of fresh water greater than that predicted using the laminar analysis.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 996-1002 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A simple procedure for achieving the minimum cost design of a single reaction fluidized reactor system with feed and recycle heaters is presented and proven. The problem's mathematical interest stems from its multimodality, the handling of the exponential dependence of temperature, and the presence of an integral equation constraint. The proof technique is an extension of Lagrange's method, supplemented by ideas from geometric programming, extended to exponential and the integral functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 1020-1022 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 1-20 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Part II of the review paper covers the self-diffusion theories and their comparison with experimental results. This is followed by a review of empirical and semi-empirical predictive equations of mutual and self-diffusion coefficients. Recent developments in experimental techniques for measuring liquid diffusivities are discussed in the last section. A supplement of experimental diffusion data since 1956 is available.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 50-59 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The behavior of an immobilized enzyme reactor utilizing asymmetric hollow fibers is simulated using a theoretical model. In this reactor, an enzyme solution contained within the annular open-cell porous support structure of the fiber is separated from a substrate flowing through the fiber lumen by an ultrathin dense membrane impermeable to enzyme but permeable to substrate and product. The coupled set of model equations describing the behavior of this reactor represents an extended Graetz problem in the fiber lumen, with diffusion through the ultrathin fiber skin and reaction in the microporous sponge region. Exact analytic expressions for substrate concentration profiles throughout an idealized fiber which incorporate the membrane and hydrodynamic mass transfer resistances are obtained for a first-order enzyme reaction, and numerical techniques for their evaluation are given. This analysis is extended to yield a numerical finite difference solution for nonlinear Michaelis-Menten reaction kinetics, which is shown to agree with the analytic solution, as Km/C0, the ratio of the Michaelis constant to the initial substrate concentration, becomes large (〉 100).
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 81-87 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The kinetic mechanisms of fuel nitrogen conversion to NO and N2 in a diffusion flame were investigated. A simple model of a diffusion flame in which the reaction zone has a finite thickness was developed. The purpose of this model was to allow the testing of complex kinetic mechanisms of pollutant formation under conditions where the fuel and oxidant feed rates are controlled by diffusion. A simple kinetic mechanism in which fuel nitrogen was simulated by nitrogen atoms showed the correct functional dependence of nitric oxide emissions on fuel nitrogen content. The model also predicts a significant effect of combustion intensity and temperature on fuel nitrogen conversion. For the hydrogen air diffusion flame the Zeldovich reaction mechanism could account for the production of N2 as well as NO.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 118-127 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A general structure is proposed for determining a set of long-term (multi-year) source control measures which achieve specified levels of air quality for an airshed at least cost. Such a structure is useful in evaluating alternative air pollution abatement strategies from the standpoint of air quality and total cost. The theory is applied to the problem of evaluating sets of control actions over the period 1973-1975 in Los Angeles. Costs of achieving various levels of air quality in Los Angeles over this period are determined.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 109-118 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The three-parameter correlation of Pitzer et al. for fugacity coefficients (f/P) has been extended to liquids in the 0.5 ≤ Tr ≤ 0.8 and 0.2 ≤ Pr ≤ 9.0 region. In addition, values of the derivative compressibility factors ZT and ZP have also been obtained in the same region. This extension is based on the generalized correlation of the compressibility factor Z recently reported. The isothermal coefficient of bulk compressibility βT compiled by Rowlinson has been employed with the pressure effect on βT taken into consideration. The correlation for f/P obtained in this work is compared with that of Curl and Pitzer at Tr = 0.8, Chao et al. at Tr from 0.50 to 0.70, and that of Carruth and Kobayashi in the 0.50 ≤ Tr ≤ 0.64 region. Using the tabulated ZP and ZT values \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \frac{{H^* - H}}{{T_c }},{\rm }\left ({\frac{{\partial V}}{{\partial P}}} \right)_T $\end{document}, and \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \left ({\frac{{\partial V}}{{\partial T}}} \right)_P $\end{document} have been calculated and compared satisfactorily with the corresponding values derived from literature data. In addition, a correlation of vapor pressures of both hydrocarbons and nonhydrocarbons is also presented. The agreement between this correlation and those reported by Pitzer et al. and Carruth and Kobayashi is very satisfactory.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 154-158 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A steady, laminar, isothermal flow of non-Newtonian fluids in the entrance region of an annulus has been studied experimentally. The axial pressure distributions, as well as the excess pressure energy, in the developing flow region are presented. The loss coefficients are found to increase with increasing flow behavior index for inelastic power law fluids. The experimental values of the loss coefficients are about 20% lower than those predicted from the boundary-layer approximation method presented earlier. A preliminary result indicates that the entrance loss for a viscoelastic fluid is much smaller than that for the inelastic fluid of the same flow behavior index.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 166-171 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The mixing characteristics of a vessel containing no moving parts have been studied theroretically and experimentally. The vessel consists of two chambers separated by a porous barrier. Mixing results because elements of fluid permeating the barrier at various distances from the inlet reside for different periods of time within the vessel and combine with other elements having entered earlier and later. An apparatus was designed a priori and experimentally verfied to give a residence-time distribution function the same as a completely mixed vessel. The method was extended to show that in principle a vessel exhibiting any residence-time distribution function can be designed by modifying the geometries of the chambers and the porous barrier.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 178-180 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 194-197 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...