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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrodynamic and towing characteristics of a modified model of the Clarke Jet Net (1969)
    Springer
    Marine biology 2 (1969), S. 297-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In a series of studies to develop an effective high speed plankton sampler, hydrodynamic research was carried out on a modified model of the Clarke Jet Net. A theoretical analysis of the motion of the sampler was made using an IBM 7040 computer, and test tows were made in an experimental ship tank and at sea. To maintain the roll angle of the sampler at approximately zero, a v-shape bridle was applied. A pair of towing holes should be selected for the particular range of towing velocity. The calculated longitudinal stability seemed good in all the cases examined. Towing tests in the ship tank at 2 to 3 m/sec revealed sufficient stability. The motion of the sampler at speeds higher than 3 m/sec can be assumed from hydrodynamic coefficients derived from the ship tank experiment. Towing-cable characteristics, assumed by computation, indicated that about 500 m at 6 kt and 1,000 m at 12 kt should be paid out to lower the sampler down to 100 m. The effect of the sampler on the cable is found only adjacent to it and is almost negligible beyond 50 m from it in depth. Results of sea tests at 6 and 9 kt confirmed the stability of the sampler. Examination of the catch suggested that the present model can be used, with some modifications, for the quantitative and qualitative sampling of large zooplankton.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00355708
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-temperature adaptation of deep-sea bacteria isolated from the Japan Trench (1997)
    Springer
    Marine biology 128 (1997), S. 705-711 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Growth responses for bacteria culturable at 4 °C, isolated randomly from three different habitats comprising surface seawater, deep-sea water (5000 to 6000 m) and deep-sea sediments (ca. 2200 to 6000 m), were tested for growth at temperatures from 4 to 30 °C. All 67 isolates grew well at 4 and 20 °C, indicating that they were psychrotrophic. Compared with the surface seawater, psychrotrophic bacterial groups from the deep-sea were rich in bacteria with higher growth yield at 4 °C and lower doubling time at 30 °C. According to Ratkowsky's square root analysis, the deep-sea water group was characterized by lower predicted minimum growth temperature (mean Tmin = 266.2 K) than the surface-water group (269.9 K), while the lowest Tmin was measured in the deep-sea sediment group (263.9 K). Lower Tmin was also found in a deeper group among the sediment bacterial group. These data suggest that most of deep-sea bacterial isolates consist of members possessing higher adaptability to low-temperature environments. Psychrotrophs from deep-sea water also demonstrated an abundance of Gram-negative bacteria which were tentatively identified as belonging to the genus Moraxella, while psychrotrophs from surface water were more diverse. Bacillus spp. and Gram-positive coryneform bacteria dominated in deep-sea sediments, decreasing with increasing depth. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of PCR-amplified 16S rDNA of Moraxella-like bacteria showed that deep-sea strains were different from surface strains and from the four known species tested belonging to the Moraxella–Psychrobacter group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050138
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of endotoxin elimination therapy using PMX in patients with septic shock (1996)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 22 (1996), S. S36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Conclusions DHP with PMX appears to be more effective in patients with intraabdominal infection that is mainly derived from GNR and could be drained surgically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01921210
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between soil neutral sugar composition and the amount of labile soil organic matter in Andisol treated with bark compost or leaf litter (1998)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 27 (1998), S. 342-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Organic material application ; Hot water extractable C ; Soil microbial biomass ; Soil neutral sugar ; Soil available N
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  The effect of short-term bark compost (Ba) and leaf litter (Li) applications on the labile soil organic matter (SOM) status was investigated. The SOM status studied in this paper includes soil microbial biomass, soil available N, hot water extractable C (HwC) and N (HwN) and soil neutral sugar-C composition. The soil microbial biomass C (MBC) and N (MBN), soil available N, HwC and HwN increased upon application of Ba and Li. No quantitative relationship was observed between application of organic material and MBC, MBN or soil available N. A positive linear correlation was observed between MBN and HwC but not between MBN and soil available N. Among the various soil neutral sugar C, xylose C (Xyl) content in Ba plots showed a remarkable increase but mannose C (Man) did not differ among Fer (fertilizer), Ba or Li plots. Soil neutral sugar C had a positive linear correlation with soil available N, MBN and HwC. The proportion of MBN : TN is positively correlated with the Xyl/Man ratio. The increase in the proportion of MBN in SOM seems to occur with the increase of SOM derived from plant debris.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050441
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation and metabolism of a fungicide, 2,4,5,6-tetra-chloroisophthalonitrile (TPN) in soil (1987)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 3 (1987), S. 205-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Organochlorine pesticides ; 2,4,5,6-tetrachloroisophthalonitrile ; TPN ; Metabolism ; Soil conditions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Degradation of a fungicide, 2,4,5,6-tetrachloroisophthalonitrile (TPN) in soil was studied under laboratory conditions. TPN degraded more rapidly under 60% WHC conditions than at 20%, 40% and 100% WHC, while its degradation was rapid at temperatures of 25°C-30°C, evidently due to the microbial degradation. TPN degraded mainly through dechlorination and partly a substitution reaction. The degradation products identified by gas chromatographic analyses were: 2,4,5-trichloroisophthalonitrile (abbreviated as 2,4,5-Cl3-IPN), 2,4,6-Cl3-IPN, 2,4-Cl2-lPN, 2,5-Cl2-IPN, 4-Cl-IPN, 5-Cl-IPN, IPN, 2,5,6-Cl34-(OH)-IPN and 2,5,6-Cl3-4-(OCH3)-IPN. Peaks with longer retention times than that of TPN were not identified. Tentative degradation pathways were proposed on the basis of the identified degradation products. About 90% of the bacterial strains isolated from the soil to which TPN had been added degraded TPN, suggesting enrichment of the soil with TPN-degrading bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00640631
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dermatopathological studies on skin lesions of MRL mice (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 276 (1984), S. 186-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: MRL/l mouse ; New Zealand mouse ; Lupus band test ; Anti-DNA antibodies ; Proteinuria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The MRL-lpr/lpr(MRL/l) mouse is a new animal model for human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and skin lesions with hair loss and scab formation are one of the characteristic manifestations in this mouse. We investigated the histopathology of the skin lesions in MRL/l mice and studied the related autoimmune phenomenon. Light microscopical observations revealed hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, hypergranulosis, liquefaction, vasodilation in the dermis and T-cell infiltration into the dermis at the age of 5 months (mo). Immunohistological studies showed the presence of immunoglobulins and/or complement depositions at the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ). In some mice there was deposition of immunoglobulin at the DEJ at 2 mo and in 90%–100% of MRL/l mice at over 5 mo. Temporal relationship was present among cutaneous immunoglobulin depositions, the occurrence of anti-DNA antibodies and proteinuria. These findings suggest that MRL/l mice might provide a new aid for studying the biological mechanisms of the development of skin lesions in human SLE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00414018
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endogenous elicitor-like effects of alginate on physiological activities of plant cells (1999)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 52 (1999), S. 429-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  The effects of alginate on the physiological activities of plant cells were studied. Addition of alginate oligomer (AO) to the suspension culture of Catharanthus roseus L. or Wasabia japonica cells promoted the production of antibiotic enzymes such as 5′-phosphodiesterase or chitinase respectively. Ajmalicine (a secondary metabolite) production by C. roseus CP3 cells was also promoted when AO was added to the suspension culture. On the basis of these results, we assumed that alginate is an elicitor-like substance. We therefore compared the effect of AO on C. roseus L. and W. japonica cells with those of chitosan oligomer (CO) and oligo-galacturonic acid (OGA), which are well known as an exogenous elicitor and endogenous elicitor respectively. The effects of various concentrations of AO, OGA, and CO on the physiological activities, membrane permeability and protoplast formation of C. roseus L. or W. japonica cells were investigated. AO and OGA showed similar physiological effects, which were quite different from those of CO. Since alginate appeared to have similar effects to galacturonic acid, we concluded that alginate acts as an endogenous elicitor. Both alginate and galacturonic acid are uronic acids, and we considered their structural similarity. The effects of esterification of the carboxylic groups of alginate by propylene oxide were also studied. The greater the degree of esterification, the less the secretion of 5′-phosphodiesterase. Hence we assumed that carboxylic groups have an important role in the initiation of the elicitation reaction in plant cells, as shown in the case of galacturonic acid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051542
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of the left somatosensory cortex in human hand movement (1995)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 106 (1995), S. 493-498 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Somatosensory cortex ; Hand movement ; Sensorimotor integration ; Cerebral blood flow ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Hemispheric dominance for motor control in the human brain is still unclear. Here we propose asymmetric sensorimotor integration during human hand movements. We investigated the dexterity of hand movements and related sensory functions in four right-handed patients with cerebrovascular lesions in the postcentral gyrus. To clarify the distributions of cortical damage, semiquantitative analysis of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was performed using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and a three-dimensional surface display was generated from SPECT. Scores on motor and sensory tasks and rCBF values in the patients were compared with those in control subjects. All patients presented with asymmetric clumsiness of complex finger movements, in association with impairments of combined sensations such as stereognosis. These findings were indicative of a disorder of sensory information processing necessary to guide the movements. Two patients with left hemispheric damage showed bilateral clumsy hands, predominating on the right side, while the other two patients with right hemispheric damage showed only a left clumsy hand. In agreement with asymmetric clumsiness, measurement of rCBF along with a three-dimensional surface display revealed cortical hypoperfused areas, mainly in the perirolandic cortices, comprising the primary motor and somatosensory cortices. Perirolandic cortical hypoperfusion was bilateral in the two patients with bilateral clumsy hands, but only on the right side in the other two patients with left clumsy hands. These results suggest a dominant role of the left somatosensory cortex in sensorimotor integration for complex finger movements of humans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00231073
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activity of renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1α-hydroxylase in a case of X-linked hypophosphataemic rickets (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 142 (1984), S. 219-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Hypophosphataemic rickets ; 1,25(OH)2D ; 1α-hydroxylase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In 1974, a 2-year-old boy was diagnosed as having X-linked hypophosphataemic rickets (XLH) because of severe rickets and hypophosphataemia. The vitamin D metabolite concentrations, blood and urine chemistry and renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25 OHD3)-1α-hydroxlase were measured in 1982 (about 2 weeks after withdrawal of medication). 1α-hydroxylase was 392 pg/mg tissue/20 min in the patient, which was high compared with aged-matched controls (69.7±28.5 pg/mg tissue/20 min, mean ±SD, n=7). Our present studies showed that the 1α-hydroxylase activity in the patient with XLH was elevated. Therefore, the normal or low 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3) concentrations in XLH patients could be due to accelerated catabolism of 1,25-(OH)2D3 or abnormally regulated 25OHD3-1α-hydroxylase in response to hypophosphataemia, although significantly elevated above that in normal controls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00442454
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tachycardia as a potential risk indicator for coronary arterial lesions in Kawasaki disease (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 158 (1999), S. 207-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Kawasaki disease ; Tachycardia ; Electrocardiography ; Ambulatory ; monitoring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Tachycardia is frequently observed in the acute phase of Kawasaki Disease (KD) patients. However, little is known about the association between the tachycardia in the acute phase of KD and the development of coronary arterial lesions (CAL). We examined the association between the mean 24 h heart rate in the acute phase of KD observed using 24 h ambulatory ECG monitoring (24 h-ECG) and the occurrence of CAL in patients. In a study conducted between 1994 and 1997, 26 patients with KD underwent 24 h-ECG within the febrile period and before the 9th day of illness. We compared the mean 24 h heart rate based on 24 h-ECG between patients with and those without CAL. Of 26 patients, 7 had CAL. The groups with and without CAL had similar baseline characteristics. The mean 24 h heart rate in the group with CAL was significantly higher than that in the group without CAL (144 ± 14 vs. 124 ± 22, P = 0.033). On multiple regression analysis, the mean 24 h heart rate was significantly correlated with the development of CAL (P = 0.019). Conclusion Marked tachycardia detected by 24 h-ambulatory ECG monitoring in the acute phase of Kawasaki disease might provide important information on the development of coronary arterial lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004310051050
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