Library

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • 1995-1999  (858)
  • 1990-1994  (2,558)
  • 1998  (858)
  • 1994  (2,558)
  • General Chemistry  (2,240)
  • Chemical Engineering  (701)
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • crystal structure
Material
Years
  • 1995-1999  (858)
  • 1990-1994  (2,558)
Year
  • 1
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Cellular neurilemoma ; Schwannoma ; Occult blood ; Intestinal hemorrhage ; Hematochezia ; Stromal tumors ; S-100 ; Leu-7 ; glial fibrillary acid protein ; Descending colon ; Gastrointestinal ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a rare case of a cellular neurilemoma (schwannoma) of the descending colon, mimicking carcinoma, not accompanied by von Recklinghausen's disease. The differential diagnostic problems are discussed and the possibility of a site-specific, modified Schwann cell of myenteric plexus origin is suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Colonic neoplasms ; Cytokeratin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymph nodes ; Micrometastases ; Rectal neoplasms ; Survival ; Tumor stage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: The aim was to investigate the significance of lymph node micrometastases in Dukes Stages A and B colorectal cancer. METHODS: Archival specimens were examined from 147 patients (96 colon, 51 rectum; 44 Stage A, 103 Stage B) who had surgery between 1987 and 1994. One lymph node section from each node (colon, 1–11; median, 4; rectum, 1–15; median, 3) was examined with use of an anticytokeratin antibody. RESULTS: Forty-seven (32 percent) patients had micrometastases. At follow-up in June 1996, 23 patients had died of cancer or with known tumor relapse, after a median time of 28 (range, 5–67) months; 8 of 47 (17 percent) patients had micrometastases, 15 of 100 (15 percent) did not. No statistically significant differences were observed according to micrometastases when the results were analyzed with respect to Dukes stage or survival time. The median survival time of living patients with micrometastases was 48 (range, 18–97) months, and for patients without micrometastases, 48 (range, 19–111) months. Six of 96 living patients had a tumor relapse; three of these displayed micrometastases. CONCLUSION: Lymph node micrometastases are not a useful prognostic marker in Dukes Stages A and B and do not imply different strategies for additional therapy or follow-up.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Beta-catenin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Metastasis ; Predictive value ; Prognosis ; Rectal cancer ; Tumor marker
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: Adenomatous polyposis coli protein, glycogen synthetase kinase-3-beta, T cell transcription factor/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor, and beta-catenin modulate cell differentiation and proliferation via the expression of effector genes. It has recently been postulated that betacatenin is a potent oncogene of sporadic colorectal carcinogenesis and a prognostic tumor marker. Our aim was to investigate whether the nuclear overexpression of betacatenin, possibly caused by mutations in exon 3 of betacatenin (CTNNB1), is correlated with distant metastatic spread or disease-free survival in rectal carcinoma. METHODS: Immunohistochemical analysis was performed with an anti-beta-catenin-monoclonal antibody on paraffin sections of two groups of patients (n=2 × 77) with rectal carcinoma curatively treated by surgery alone. The patients selected were all free of local disease, to exclude surgical influence. Patient groups were matched for age, gender, International Union Against Cancer stage, and year of operation (1982 to 1991) and differed only in subsequent metachronous distant metastatic spread. Follow-up was prospective (median, 9.6 years). Three staining patterns were defined: membranous (normal), diffuse cytoplasmic (pathologic), and intense nuclear staining (pathologic). When intense nuclear staining was defined, the specimen was microdissected. Then, DNA was isolated, polymerase chain reaction-amplified, and sequenced to detect mutations in exon 3. RESULTS: Nuclear overexpression of beta-catenin correlated neither with distant metastatic spread (chisquared, 0.37;P=0.79) nor with disease-free survival (log-rank with trend,P=0.62). No mutations were found in the area of the serine/threonine-kinase glycogen synthetase kinase-3-beta-phosphorylation site in exon 3 (CTNNB1) of beta-catenin. CONCLUSION: Although beta-catenin seems to play an important role in early colorectal carcinogenesis, its value as a prognostic marker is questionable. It must be assumed that metastatic ability is determined by other factors than the disturbance of the beta-catenin T cell transcription factor/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor cascade and that other mechanisms might cause the observed nuclear translocation of beta-catenin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    ISSN: 1534-4681
    Keywords: Colorectal cancer ; p53 ; Immunohistochemistry ; Radiotherapy ; Surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The association between mutations in the p53 gene and prognosis in colorectal cancer remains controversial. This report evaluates the role of p53 protein to predict the response of neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy in patients with primary locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma. Methods: Between January 1993 and December 1994, 26 patients were seen with locally advanced primary rectal adenocarcinoma, located between 0 and 10 cm from the anal verge, demonstrated clinically and by CT scan. Each received 45 Gy of preoperative radiation therapy (RT) concomitantly with bolus infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) (450/mg/m2 on days 1 to 5 and 28 to 33 of RT). Surgery was performed between 4 and 8 weeks later. All the primary tumors were mapped and sliced. The response rate was divided according to the percentage of malignant cells in the rectal wall and perirectal fat. Lymph nodes were studied with the manual or modified clearing technique. p53 mutant status was assessed immunohistochemically from sections of the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded pretreatment biopsy and the resected specimen. Results: There were 14 females and 12 males, with a mean age of 54 years. All received the scheduled treatment. An abdominoperineal resection (n=10), low anterior resection (n=10), and pelvic exenteration (n=6) were performed. The stages of tumors were as follows: no residual tumor (n=4); T2 (n=6); T3–4 (N=9); and T3–4, N1,2 (n=7). Fourteen specimens (54%) had mutated p53, and 10 (71%) had 〉50% of residual tumor, whereas only two (17%) of the specimens with normal p53 had 〉50% of residual tumor (P=.018). Eight of the 10 low anterior resections were performed in patients whose specimens expressed normal p53. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the determination of p53 is a factor in predicting tumor response in patients who undergo preoperative chemoradiation therapy for rectal adenocarcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 28 (1998), S. 11-15 
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Mebendazole–propionic acid complex ; molecular complex ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Recrystallization of the anthelmintic drug mebendazole from propionic acid yields a 1:1 molecular complex which crystallizes in the triclinic system space group $${P\bar 1}$$ , a = 5.928(2), b = 11.066(2), c = 14.337(6)Å, α = 94.89(3), β = 101.56(3), γ = 96.18(2)°, and Z = 2 complex units in the unit cell. An x-ray diffraction study revealed an R 2 2 (8) hydrogen bonding system in the complex, involving the unprotonated imidazole N and amide N–H function of the drug and the acid carboxylic group. Complex molecules form centrosymmetric dimers by intermolecular N–H···O hydrogen bonding involving the protonated imidazole N atom and the benzoyl O atom of the drug molecule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Cu(II) complex ; crystal structure ; EPR spectra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The title compound, Cu(glyglygly)Br·1·5H2O, crystallizes in the space group C2/c, with a = 21.468(7), b = 6.716(5), c = 16.166(6) Å, β = 98.39°, and Z = 8. The tripeptide is bonded to one Cu(II) ion through the nitrogen [Cu–N=1.97(1)Å] and oxygen [Cu–O=2.019(8)Å] atoms of the amino end glycine residue and to another Cu(II) through one oxygen atom [Cu–O=1.931(9)Å] of the terminal carboxyl group. This give rise to covalently bonded and infinite ···–Cu–tripeptide–Cu–··· chains. These chains are linked to one another by a network of H-bonds involving the water molecules and bromide ions. The Cu(II) ion is in a distorted tetragonal pyramidal coordination polyhedron. At the corner of the base of the pyramid are the terminal glycine nitrogen and oxygen atoms of one tripeptide, a carboxylic oxygen of another tripeptide and a bromide ion. The fivefold coordination is completed with a water molecule at the top of the pyramid [Cu–Ow=2.286(9)Å]. For all orientations of the applied magnetic field the single crystal EPR spectra display a single anisotropic exchange collapsed resonance without hyperfine structure. Its position was measured in three perpendicular planes and the crystal g-tensor evaluated from the data. This tensor is interpreted in terms of the contributing Cu(II) complexes in the unit cell to deduce the principal values g1 = 2.273, g2 = 2.050 and g3 = 2.131 for the molecular gyromagnetic tensor. We also discuss the magnitude of the exchange interaction between neighboring copper ions in the lattice on the basis of the features in the EPR spectra and the structural information.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: 2-Methylnaphthalene ; hexachlorocyclopentadiene ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract 2-Methylnaphthalene undergoes Diels-Alder addition and substitution with hexachlorocyclopentadiene to give two products, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,13,13,14,14-dodecachloro-1,4,4a,4b,5,8,8a,12b-octahydro-10-methyl-1,4;5,8-dimethanotriphenylene 1 and 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,13,13,14,14-dodecachloro-1,4,4a,4b,5,8,8a,12b-octahydro-10-(1′,2′,3′,4′,5′-pentachlorocyclopentadienyl)methyl-1,4;5,8-dimethanotriphenylene 2. The molecular structure of 2 has been characterized by X-ray crystallography: C26H9Cl17, monoclinic, space group P21/c, with a = 15.316(3), b = 13.698(3), c = 16.116(3) Å, β = 96.113(3)°, and Z = 4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Halobismuthate(III) ; phenanthroline ; synthesis ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The reaction between bismuthate oxide and phen (1,10-phenanthroline) in acid medium led to the isolation of the unusual [(PhenH)(PhenH2)][BiCl6]·2H2O derivative, which has been characterized by X-ray analysis and IR spectroscopy. The compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group $$[\text[P\bar 1]]$$ with a = 8.313(2), b = 9.349(2), c = 9.807(3) Å, α = 86.39(3), β = 110.27(3) and γ = 106.48(3)°. The crystal structure is made of [BiCl6]3− anions and [(PhenH)(PhenH2)]3+ cations. A network of hydrogen bond interactions involving the two clathrated water molecules, the phenanthroline moiety and the chlorines characterizes the entire structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Lanthanum complex ; hexamethylenetetramine ; IR spectra ; thiocyanates ; coordination number nine ; tricapped trigonal prism ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The title compound (LaC15H42N11O9S3) was prepared and characterized by means of X-ray, IR and Raman measurements. The crystals are orthorhombic: Pnma (No. 62), a = 21.117(2), b = 14.736(2), c = 10.082(1) Å, and Z = 4. The structure consists of polyhedra with a La(III) ion in the center of them and hexamethylene molecules, which link these polyhedra. Each La(III) ion coordinates seven molecules of water and two thiocyanate ions via nitrogen atoms. The IR and Raman spectra, which have been obtained and interpreted, are in good agreement with X-ray results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Cerium(IV) ; β-diketonate ; volatility ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The cerium(IV) β-diketonate compounds [Ce(β-diket)4] [where β-diket = tmhd (2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dionate) 1, pmhd (1-phenyl-5-methylhexane-1,3-dionate) 2] were prepared by reacting cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate [CAN; Ce(NH4)2(NO3)6] with the respective Na(β-diket) compound in ethanol, and structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 crystallizes in the triclinic space group $$P \bar 1$$ with a = 12.472(4), b = 19.972(5), c = 21.436(3) Å, α = 97.05(7), β = 90.16(2), γ = 106.55(3)°, V = 5076(2) Å3, Z = 4, T = 150(2) K. Compound 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n. with a = 14.817(6), b = 17.123(6), c = 19.146(3) Å, β = 105.46(4)°, V = 4682(3) Å3, Z = 4, T = 150(2) K. Crystals of 1 contain two independent [Ce(tmhd)4] molecules, with four chelating tmhd ligands bonded to each metal in a distorted dodecahedral arrangement; the cerium atom in 2 is also bonded to four chelating pmhd ligands but in this case the coordination geometry is closer to square antiprism. Both complexes are air and moisture stable. Sublimation studies reveal that 1 sublimes almost quantitatively, while 2 is comparatively involatile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Nickel(II) complex ; crystal structure ; Schiff base
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A nickel(II) complex of the pyridine-2-aldehyde Schiff base of S-methyldithiocarbazate (HNNS) has been synthesized and characterized by means of elemental analysis, IR and UV-vis spectra. The crystal structure of the complex has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The complex crystallizes in the monoclinic, space P21/c, with a = 14.092(2), b = 16.886(2), c = 8.857(2)Å; β = 105.78(3) °, V = 2028.2(6) Å3, and Z = 4. The nickel atom is octahedrally coordinated by two uninegatively charged tridentate Schiff base in a mer-configuration via the pyridine nitrogen atom, azomethine nitrogen atom, and mecaptide sulfur atom.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 28 (1998), S. 885-892 
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Benztropine mesylate ; crystal structure ; thermal analysis ; dehydration kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal structure of benztropine mesylate has been determined. It is orthorhombic, Pbca, with a = 12. 885(8)Å, b = 32.012(9)Å, and c = 10.027(3) Å. It exhibits similar packing to that seen in the previously reported crystal structure of benztropine mesylate monhydrate. X-ray powder diffraction patterns have been used to identify the anhydrous and monohydrate forms. The dehydration of the monohydrate follows a first-order reaction mechanism with activation energy of 92(8) kJ mol−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 28 (1998), S. 521-527 
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Cadmium ; crown ether ; 15-crown-5 ; 18-crown-6 ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Reaction of 15-crown-5 or 18-crown-6 in 3:1 (v/v) CH3CN:CH3OH with Cd(NO3)2·4H2O followed by slow evaporation produces [Cd(NO3)2(15-crown-5)] or [Cd(NO3)2(18-crown-6)]. Crystals of [Cd(NO3)2(15-crown-5)] are orthorhombic with space group Pbca and cell parameters a = 13.562(5), b = 15.941(9), and c = 15.011(7) Å at 295 K. [Cd(NO3)2(18-crown-6)] crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with a = 11.235(2), b = 11.196(5), c = 15.385(3) Å, and β = 99.89(2)° at 295 K. The metal center in [Cd(NO3)2(15-crown-5)] rests atop the macrocyclic donor array with two cis-bound nitrate anions and adopts a distorted tricapped trigonal prismatic geometry. [Cd(NO3)2(18-crown-6)] resides on an equatorial two-fold rotation axis with Cd2+ coordinated in the 18-crown-6 cavity and the nitrate anions oriented in twisted trans positions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 28 (1998), S. 577-579 
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: (−)—Crinine ; Pancratium ; alkaloid ; Amaryllidaceae ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract (−)—Crinine, C16H17NO3, is an alkaloid extracted from the bulbs of Pancratium maritimum L. (Amaryllidaceae). The compound crystallizes in the space group P212121 with cell dimensions a = 6.040(1), b = 12.382(1), c = 17.861(2) Å, with Z = 4. The molecule has five rings and an OH group. The N-containing, five-membered ring and the D ring have envelope conformations. The A and B rings have distorted chair and half-chair conformations, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 28 (1998), S. 217-220 
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Metal carbonyl complexes ; chelate complexes ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The x-ray crystal structure of the complex η2-PDOW(CO)4 (five-membered ring, PDO = 2, 2, 4, 7, 7-pentamethyl-3,6-dithiaoctane) is reported. The complex crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system, space group P21/c, [#14] with unit cell parameters a = 14.002(14) Å, b = 9.340(10) Å, c = 15.094(12) Å, β = 92.67(4)°, V = 1972(3) Å3; Z = 4. The arrangement of the ligands around the metal atom is distorted from octahedral geometry. Large C–O bond distances and short W–C bond distances of the carbonyl groups located at a trans position with respect to PDO is indicative of a trans influence. The W–S(1) and W–S(2) bond distances of 2.545(3) and 2.545(2) Å, respectively, are shorter than observed for closely related complexes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Triphenylsiloxy ; silanol ; borane ; crystal structure ; adduct
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The title compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group $$P \bar 1$$ , with a = 14.458(6), b = 14.630(5), c = 14.721(8) Å, α = 79.75(2), β = 80.11(3), γ = 80.50(3)°, and Z = 2. The crystal structure consists of molecules of (Ph3SiO)3B and Ph3SiOH linked by an weak B···(silanol) acceptor-donor bond, additionally stabilized by OH(silanol)···O(siloxy) hydrogen bonds. The average B–O, Si–O distances and B–O–Si angle are 1.369, 1.649 Å and 137.2°, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Steroid ; pregnadiene ; x-ray diffraction ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The title compound is C29H34O4, tetragonal, P43, a = b = 10.310(1), c = 23.871(2)Å. The A, B, C, and D rings adopt envelope, half-chair, chair, and distorted chair conformations, respectively. The phenyl ring is planar. The methyl substituents at the A/B, C/D, and at C(17) are axial; and the –OCOCH3 group at C(17) and phenyl ring at C(16) are equatorial. The molecules in the crystal are held together by van der Waals forces and several C–H···O hydrogen bond interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 28 (1998), S. 539-543 
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Antimalarial ; crystal structure ; peroxy bridge
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal and molecular structure of the antimalarial compound Artemisinin (formerly known as Qinghaosu), C15H22O5 has been determined by direct methods. Crystals are orthorhombic colorless needles, space group P212121, Z = 4. D c = 1.299 g cm −3, with unit cell parameters a = 6.3543(9), b = 9.439(3), c= 24.066(4) Å. The molecule incorporates a fused ring system containing a six-membered ring C which includes an oxygen bridge and a peroxy-bridge. The ring C has a distorted boat conformation and the C - O - O - C torsion angle is 47.8(2)°. Rings A and D have symmetrical chair and distorted chair conformations, repectively. Ring junctions A/B, A/D, and C/D are cis, junction B/D is trans. All inter-molecular contacts are van der Waals. The absolute configuration of Artemisinin was determined from the refined value of the Flack x parameter. [The atomic coordinates given in a previous structure analysis, “Crystal Structure and Absolute Configuration of Qinghaosu,” Qinghaosu Research Group, Institute of Biophysics, Academica Sinica, Scientia Sinica, Vol. XXIII No. 3, 380 (1980), do not display the molecule in its absolute configuration.]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    ISSN: 1572-8862
    Keywords: Ruthenium ; thioether macrocycle ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The reaction of a mixture of cis-3,7,11-trimethyl-1,5,9-trithiacyclododecane, cis-Me312S3, 1 and trans-3,7,11-trimethyl-l,5,9-trithiacyclododecane, trans-Me312S3, 2, with Ru6(CO)17(μ 6-C), 3, yielded three new cluster compounds Ru6(CO)13(μ-η3-cis-SCH2CHMe(CH2SCH2CHMe)2CH2)(μ 6-C) 4, and two isomers of Ru6(CO)13(μ-η3-cis-SCH2CHMe(CH2SCH2CHMe)2CH2)(μ 6-C) 5a and 5b. The molecular structures of 4 and 5b were established by single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. In both complexes, the macrocycles have adopted tridentate coordination with one of the sulfur atoms in a bridging position. Two carbonyl ligands occupy bridging positions in each compound. Crystal Data for 4·Me2CO: space group=P21/n, a=11.295(1) Å, b=17.547(3) Å, c=20.318(3) Å, β=93.71(1)°, Z=4, 2900 reflections, R=0.025. Crystal Data for 5b·1.5 C6H6: space group=Pbca, a=31.8900(8) Å, b=23.4330(6) Å, c=21.6240(4) Å, Z=16, 12163 reflections, R=0.040.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    ISSN: 1572-8862
    Keywords: Mixed-metal cluster ; crystal structure ; magnetic properties
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The preparation, magnetic properties, and crystal structure of [(salen)Cu]4[(salen)Fe(H2O)2]2(ClO4)2 via hydrogen bonding are described [salen=N,N′-ethylenebis (salicylideneiminate)]. Crystals are triclinic, of space group $$\rm P\bar 1$$ , with cell constants a=12.853(3), b=13.921(3), c=14.251(3) Å, α=68.68(3)°, β=87.86(3)°, γ=86.82(3)°, and Z=1. The structure was solved and refined to R=0.064 and R′=0.068. The structure comprises the hexanuclear units which result from the linking of four mononuclear fragments [(salen)Cu] and two mononuclear fragment [(salen)Fe(H2O)]+, through Cu -O ⋯ H -O -Fe -O -H ⋯ O -Cu hydrogen bonds of coordinating H2O. In this complex, FeIII ions are in almost square-planar surroundings. The temperature dependences of the magnetic susceptibilities of the complex have been studied in the 4.2–300 K range, indicating the presence of an antiferromagnetic interactions between metal ions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    ISSN: 1572-8862
    Keywords: Dynamic disorder ; crystal structure ; ruthenium cluster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The disorder in the X-ray crystal structures of Ru3(CO)11(L), L=CN t Bu 1 and PMe3 3 has been re-examined. Crystallographic data for 1 at 100 K: C16H9NO11Ru3, space group P21/n, a=11.796(5), b=11.748(2), c=16.040(7) Å, β=109.81(3)°, Z=4, 6077 reflections, R=0.028. For 3 at 223 K: C14H9O11PRu3, space group P21/n, a=8.5971(15), b=12.391(7), c=40.345(8) Å, β=94.43(2)°, Z=8, 7966 reflections, R=0.031. The disorder present in 1 and 3 at room temperature disappears reversibly on cooling, showing that it is dynamic in origin. The ligator atoms of the isonitrile and phosphine ligands move by a maximum of ∼0.8 Å, indicating that the whole cluster does not rotate intact within the crystal lattice, but rather that the Ru3 triangle effectively oscillates within a relatively rigid ligand polyhedron. The crystal structure of Ru3(CO)9{P(OMe)3 3} 7, which crystallizes in triclinic (7-t) and monoclinic (7-m) modifications is also reported. Both modifications have two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit, and both modifications display dynamic disorder in the metal framework. Crystalllographic data for 7-t at 173 K: C18H27O18P3Ru3, space group P-1, a=11.8085(18), b=15.915(2), c=17.350(3) Å, α=99.929(14), β=101.811(14), γ=90.630(12)°, Z=4, 11242 reflections, R=0.048. For 7-m at 120 K: C18H27O18P3Ru3, space group P21/c, a=11.708(8), b=15.922(5), c=33.950(10) Å, β=99.29(4), Z=8, 10191 reflections, R=0.027.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 28 (1998), S. 559-563 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: electroless Ni–Co–B alloy ; dimethylamineborane ; complexing agent ; deposition rate ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Fundamental aspects of electroless Ni–B, Co–B and Ni–Co–B alloys have been systematically examined. The composition, crystal structure and deposition rate of the alloys were determined as a function of the concentration of reducing agent (dimethylamineborane) and complexing agents (tartrate, citrate, malonate and succinic acid), bath pH and Ni2+/Co2+ ratio. Changes in the deposition rate and metallurgical features of the alloys induced by the change in plating parameters are discussed, based on electrochemical polarization data and the formation enthalpy of the nickel and cobalt borides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Copper ; 1,10-phenanthroline ; trifluoroacetate ; crystal structure ; magnetic exchange
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The compound [Cu(phen)(O2CCF3)2]n (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) has been synthesized and its crystal structure determined. It crystallizes in monoclinic space group C2/c, with a = 19.229(7), b = 11.281(5), c = 7.621(2) Å, β = 104.305(12)°, and Z = 4. The crystal structure is polymeric, being built from infinite zigzag chains of trifluoroacetate bridged copper(II), with the phenanthroline ligands being stacked between the chains. The variable-temperature (13–300 K) magnetic susceptibility and ESR data are reported and a weak ferromagnetic exchange interaction is observed with the exchange parameter estimated as J = 2.9 cm−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 28 (1998), S. 839-841 
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: π-allyl ; carbonyl ; nitrile ; chloro ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic spacegroup P21/m with a = 6.796(9), b = 12.145(14), c = 7.749(8)Å, β = 101.86(1)°, and Z = 2. The crystal structure consists of molecules of [MoCl(CO)2(NCMe)2(η3-C3H4Me-2)] with crystallographically imposed Cs symmetry and has a pseudo-octahedral geometry, with the π-allyl group trans- to the chloro group and the two cis-carbonyl and acetonitrile groups occupying the equatorial plane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: 1,10-Phenanthroline ; bis-phenanthrolineprotium ; adduct ; crystal structure ; hydrogen bonding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Herzog's reported bis-1,10-phenanthrolineammonium perchlorate, [(phen)2(NH4)](ClO4) is in fact the known 2:1 adduct of l,10-phenanthroline (phen) with perchloric acid, [(phen)2H](CIO4). Its crystal structure, mode of formation, and properties are described. The compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group with $$P\bar 1$$ , a = 7.2510(8), b = 13.120(2), c = 22.083(12) Å, α = 77.4550(12), β = 84.45(2), γ = 82.204(14)°, V = 2026.7(6) Å3, Z = 4, and D c = 1.510 g cm−3. It contains cationic columns of alternating 1,10-phenanthroline and its conjugate acid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 28 (1998), S. 645-648 
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: 2-Bromoleptoclinidinone ; marine alkaloid ; cytotoxic ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract 2-Bromoleptoclinidinone methanol solvate, C18H8BrN3O·CH4O, crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbca with a = 15.7013(2), b = 7.3308(1), and c = 26.9326(1) Å. The molecule is essentially planar, with the largest deviations occurring at bromine (−0.21 Å), carbonyl oxygen O(l) (+0.19 Å) and in ring-A (C(9) −0.15 Å, C(10) −0.15 Å). Methanol occupies the 1,10-phenanthroline-like metal binding site of the title compound.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 28 (1998), S. 925-929 
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Quinoline ; chloroquine ; antimalarial ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The preparation of N12-(7-chloro-4-quinolinyl)-N 1,N 1-diethyl-1,12-diaminododecane, AQ-40, was accomplished by a five-step process in 80% overall yield from 12-aminododecanoic acid and 4,7-dichloroquinoline. AQ-40 crystallizes as a monohydrate from reagent grade chloroform/ diethyl ether mixtures in the triclinc space group P-1 with a = 8.667(2), b = 8.9425(10), c = 17.217(3) Å, α = 99.34(1), β = 99.89(2), γ = 91.56(1)°, V = 1295.0 Å3 and Z = 2. The l2-(N 1,N 1-diethylamino)dodecyl side chain is in the fully extended conformation and the water molecule forms hydrogen bonds to the two tertiary nitrogen atoms as well as with the secondary amino group. The nitrogen of the secondary amino group bound to the four-position of the quinoline moiety is virtually planar. This together with the rather short C–N distance of 1.347(3) Å to the quinoline moiety suggests involvement of the lone pair on this nitrogen with the π system of the ring.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 28 (1998), S. 69-72 
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Co(III) complex ; crystal structure ; kinetics ; steric effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The title compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma, with a = 7.9209(5), b = 9.818(1), c = 16.867(2) Å, and Z = 4. The structure was solved employing 1864 independent x-ray reflections with I〉2σ(I) by Patterson and difference Fourier techniques and refined by full-matrix least-squares to R = 0.036. The trans-[CO(NH3)4(NH2CH3)Cl](ClO4)2 molecule is on a crystallographic mirror plane. The cobalt ion is in an elongated octahedral coordination with four equatorial ammonia ligands [average Co–N distance equal to 1.966(2) Å], an axial methylamine [Co–N=1.965(3)Å], and an axial chlorine ion [Co–Cl=2.2771(9)Å]. Kinetic steric effects of the complex are interpreted in terms of structural results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 28 (1998), S. 209-212 
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Bismuth ; crystal structure ; inorganic polymer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The ethylenediammonium pentachlorobismuthate(III) dihydrate salt is monoclinic with the following unit cell dimensions: a = 10.902(8)Å, b = 7.926(6)Å, c = 15.199(6)Å, β = 96.40(1)°, space group P21/n with Z = 4. The structure shows a layer arrangement parallel to the $$\vec a$$ axis: planes of the [Bi2Cl10]4− bioctahedra alternate with planes of [NH3(CH2)2NH3]2+ dications. The [Bi2Cl10]4− bioctahedra are connected through O(W)–H··· Cl hydrogen bonds, so that infinite unidimensional chains of composition [Bi2Cl10(H2O)2] n 4n− are formed in the structure parallel to the $$\vec a$$ axis. These chains are themselves interconnected by means of the N–H···Cl bonds originating from the [NH3(CH2)2NH3]2+ entities, forming a three-dimensional network.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Strontium ; triphenylsiloxy ; crystal structure ; ammonia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The title complex [Sr2(OSiPh3)4(NH3)5]·0.5C7H8 was prepared by the reaction of strontium metal granules with triphenylsilanol in an ammoniacal-toluene solution at −40°C. It crystallizes in monoclinic space group P21/n with a = 14.465(3), b = 20.715 (6), c = 25.199(6) Å, β = 95.98(2)°, and Z = 4. The complex has a dimeric structure with one terminal and three bridging triphenylsiloxy ligands, the remaining coordination sites being occupied by five ammonia molecules. The central Sr2O4N5 moiety adopts a distorted M2X9 face-sharing bioctahedral arrangement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Mixed rubidium–ammonium acid sulfate ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The structure of Rb0.7(NH4)0.3HSO4 has been determined by X-ray analysis. The mixed compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with unit cell parameters a = 14.374(6) Å, b = 4.618(6) Å, c = 14.412(2) Å, β = 118.03(2)°, V = 844.4(4) Å3, and D cal = 1.536 g cm−3 for Z = 8. The mixed compound Rb0.7(NH4)0.3HSO4 is a chain-based structure. The Rb+ and NH4 + cations are intercalated between chains, formed of HSO4 - groups linked with OH⋯O hydrogen-bonding. Rb0.7(NH4)0.3HSO4 presents a new type of structural arrangement different from those of pure RbHSO4 and NH4HSO4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: 2-[1,5-Dimethyl-4-hexenyl]-6-hydroxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone ; 2-[1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl]-6-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone ; 2-[1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl]-3-amino-6-hydroxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal structures of isoperezone (1), aminoperezone (2), and isoaminoperezone (3) have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound (1) yields orange crystals, orthorhombic space group P212121 with unit cell dimensions a = 6.271(6), b = 30.373(7), c = 7.257(1) Å, and Z = 4; compound (2) yields purple crystals, orthorhombic space group P212121 with unit cell dimensions a = 6.498(3), b = 7.500(1) c = 29.200(6) Å, and Z = 4; compound (3) yields purple crystals, monoclinic space group P21 with unit cell dimensions a = 7.354(1), b = 7.511(1), c = 13.283(1) Å, β = 102,07(1)°, and Z = 2. The side chains in (1)–(3) are oriented out of the plane of the quinone ring at an angle of 124, 144, and 97°, respectively. The molecules in the crystal are held together by hydrogen-bonding networks and van der Waals interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 28 (1998), S. 639-643 
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Tungsten(II) ; diiodo ; carbonyl ; trimethylphosphite ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract [WI2(CO)3{P(OMe)3}2]crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pca21, with a = 26.924(5), b = 10.726(2), c = 14.136(3) Å, and Z = 8. There are two molecules in the asymmetric unit, the metal atoms in each case being seven-coordinate with a capped fac-(CO)3 octahedral geometry. The molecular dimensions in the two molecules are nearly identical. The W–P distance to the capping atom 2.397 Å (average) is significantly shorter than the other W–P distance, 2.525 Å (average).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Pyrimidine ; carboxamide ; sulfonyl ; chiral ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Three novel dihydropyrimidine compounds N8,6-di(4-nitrophenyl)-(3R)-ethyl-(7R)-methyl-5-oxo-2,3,6,7-tetrahydrooxazolo[3,2,c] pyrimidine-8-carboxamide (2), N8,6-di((4-methylphenyl)-sulfonyl)-(3R)-ethyl-5-oxo-(7R)-phenyl-2,3,6,7-tetrahydrooxazolo [3,2,c]pyrimidine-8-carboxamide (3) and N8,6-di ((4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl)-(3R)-ethyl-(7R)-methyl-5-oxo-2,3,6,7-tetrahydrooxazolo[3,2,c] pyrimidine-8-carboxamide (4) have been prepared (from 2-amino-1-butanol of 64.4% e.e.) and structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. All three compounds contain stereogenic centers, but the crystal of (2) chosen was found to be racemic whilst those of (3) and (4) were found to be homochiral. Compound (2) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c, with a = 17.958(4), b = 12.431(2), c = 9.653(2) Å, β = 96.20(3)°, U = 2142.3(7) Å3, Z = 4, and D c = 1.449 g cm−3. Compounds (3) and (4) both crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21, with a = 9.349(2), b = 5.824(5), c = 26.513(8) Å, β = 99.43(2)°, U = 1424.1(13) Å3, Z = 2 and D c = 1.389 g cm−3 for (3), and a = 5.9526(9), b = 16.3521(10), c = 13.2263(11) Å, β = 92.81(12)°, U = 1285.9(2) Å3, Z = 2 and D c = 1.378 g cm−3 for (4).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Heterotrimetallic sulfido cluster ; linear ; synthesis ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The complex Cu(PPh3)3I reacts with [Et4N]2MoS4 and FeBr2 to give the heterotrimetallic complexes [Et4N][(Ph3P)2{CuS2MoS2Fe}Br2] (1). [Et4N][(Ph3P)2{CuS2MoS2Fe}Br2] (1) crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1, a = 13.537(4), b = 15.316(4), c = 12.381(4) Å, α = 105.16(2), β = 93.27(3), γ = 101.18(2)°, and V = 2415.0(12) Å3 for Z = 2. The three metal atoms of the structure [Et4N][(Ph3P)2{CuS2MoS2Fe}Br2] (1) are nearly distributed along a line, where three metal atoms (Mo, Cu, Fe) are each in an approximate tetrahedral coordination, the lengths Mo-Fe and Mo-Cu distances are 2.772(2) and 2.798(2) Å, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 28 (1998), S. 447-452 
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Bimetallic EDTA complex ; crystal structure ; antimony
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The synthesis and crystal structure of a new EDTA complex, [CaSb2(EDTA)2(H2O)8]n, are reported. This compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n, with a = 7.132(1) Å, b = 21.893(3) Å, c = 10.891(2) Å, β = 91.15(2)°. Sb(EDTA) entities are connected through carboxylate bridges to the calcium atoms resulting in layers parallel to the (101) plane. These layers are linked through a weak Sb···O bond (3.171 Å). Pyrolysis of this complex under sulfur vapor, between 400 and 800°C, leads to a mixture of the monometallic sulfides. Pyrolysis in air above 700°C allows the easy preparation of the mixed oxide CaSb2O6.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: 1-1′-Diphosphaferrocene conformation ; P···P secondary bonding ; bis-[W(CO)5](l,l′-diphosphaferrocene system) ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The structures of (3,3′,4,4′-tetramethyl-1,1′-diphosphaferrocen-2-yl)carboxylic acid (1) and its bis-[W(CO)5] pentane solvate complex (2) have been determined by X-ray analysis. The compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic P21 /n space group with Z = 4; a = 7.8404(9), b = 14.9441(16), c = 11.7730(14) Å, β = 92.773(10)°, V = 1377.8(3) Å3, and Dcalc = 1.553 g cm−3. The compound 2 crystallizes in the triclinic $$P\bar 1$$ space group with two complex molecules and one pentane molecule in the unit cell. Cell parameters: a = 10.7070(2), b = 12.577(2), c = 13.239(3) Å, α = 84.00(2), β = 77.58(1), γ = 66.06(1)°, V = 1591.0(5) Å3, and Dcalc = 2.100 g cm−3 .The fully eclipsed conformation of the phospholyl rings with P···P secondary bonding of 3.353(1) Å is observed in 1 and a partially eclipsed conformation is found in 2. The 10 possible conformations of 1,1′-diphosphaferrocenes were described as the function of conformational parameter θ and observed geometry of the phospholyl rings.7 We suppose that the earlier conclusions concerning the destabilizing nature of 1,1′-diphosphaferrocene conformations with θ 〈 100° cannot be considered as general. The mode of W – P coordination, the structural changes of 1 by W(CO)5 coordination, the structural effect of phospholyl rings substitution by the –COOH group, and hydrogen bonds are analyzed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 28 (1998), S. 635-638 
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Cobalt(II) ; 2-aminobenzenethiol ; trimethylphosphite ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A cobalt-thiolato-phosphite complex [Co(o-SC6H4NH2){P(OMe)3}3]PF6 has been prepared and characterized by X-ray crystallography. The complex crystallizes in the triclinic space group $$P\bar 1$$ with a = 10.590(4), b = 11.122(3), c = 13.577(5) Å, α = 101.85(1), β = 108.50(1), γ = 101.75(1)°, V = 1420.6(8) Å3, and Z = 2. The structure comprises discrete [Co(o-SC6H4NH2){P(OMe)3}3]+ cations and PF 6 − anions where the metal atom is coordinated in a highly distorted square-pyramidal environment by one chelate o-SC6H4NH 2 − (abt) and two P(OMe)3 ligands in the basal positions, and a third P(OMe)3 in the axial site with Co–N,, 1.847(5), Co–S, 2.166(2), Co–P, 2.157(2), 2.147(2), and 2.125(2) Å.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    ISSN: 1572-8862
    Keywords: Silver cluster ; crystal structure ; tetrameric cluster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The sought-after member of the [(PDBP) n AgX] m (n, m=1,4; 2,2; 3,1; PDBP=5-Phenyldibenzophosphole, X=halides) series, the tetrameric [(PDBP)AgCl]4 cluster has been prepared and structurally characterized. The [P4Ag4Cl4] cluster core of [(PDBP)AgCl]4 bears striking similarity to that of [(Ph3P)AgCl]4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie 2 (1998), S. 131-135 
    ISSN: 1434-3940
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Mukositis ; Strahlentherapie ; Immunohistochemische Veränderungen ; Adhäsionsmoleküle ; Makrophagenmarker ; Key words Mucositis ; Radiotherapy ; Immunohistochemistry ; Adhesion molecules ; Macrophages
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: One of the most severe early side effects of radiation in head and neck cancer patients is mucositis. Inflammation of the oral mucose may lead to an extreme subjective burden, restricting the patients’ well-being and even leading to an interruption of radiotherapy. The aim of our prospective study was to investigate the pathological alterations of the oral mucosa during irradiation. Therefore, samples from head and neck cancer patients were taken before radiation and a 30-G and a 60-G radiation dose. Pathogenetic alterations were determined by immunohistochemical staining of various cell surface molecules known to be involved in the pathogenesis of inflammation. Staining was performed with antibodies against ICAM 1, VCAM 1, ELAM, 25F9, 27E10, and RM3-1. Our study demonstrates the expression rates of the various surface molecules during inflammation. Expression of RM3-1 and ICAM 1 showed a steep increase during the time of radiation, whereas expression of ELAM reached a low constant value. Therefore, we conclude that distinct cell surface molecules demonstrate a characteristic time-dependent expression during radiation. Better insight into the pathogenesis of radiation-induced mucositis may help to develop a pathological classification of mucositis and to improve therapeutic strategies.
    Notes: Die strahleninduzierte orale Mukositis nimmt als die bedeutendste Frühreaktion der Radiatio einen of subjektiv stark belastenden Verlauf, der nicht selten zu einer äußerst unerwünschten Therapieunterbrechung oder sogar einem -abbruch führt. Leider liegen bisher keine longitudinalen Studien über differenziertere, quantifizierbare pathohistologische Veränderungen vor. Ziel dieser prospektiven Pilotstudie ist es, ein Verfahren zu etablieren, das es erlaubt, dem Verlauf der oralen Strahlenmukositis eine Zeitkinetik verschiedener Makrophagensubpopulationen und ausgewählter Adhäsionsmoleküle zuzuordnen. Dazu dokumentierten wir die immunhistochemischen Veränderungen der oralen Mukosa prä radiationem, bei 30 G und bei 60 G Energiedosis. Neben monoklonalen Antikörpern gegen 3 funktionell verschiedene Makrophagensubpopulationen (27E10, 25F9, RM3/1) kamen auch Marker für verschiedene endotheliale Adhäsionsmoleküle (VCAM-1, ICAM-1, Elam) zur Anwendung. Die Evaluierung der immunohistochemischen Befunde deutet auf eine signifikante Zunahme des antiinflammatorischen Makrophagen RM3/1 im Bindegewebe im Verlauf der Bestrahlung hin, während die Anzahl der inflammatorischen und reifen Makrophagen zu sistieren scheint. Das endotheliale Expressionsmuster der 3 Adhäsionsmoleküle VCAM-1, ICAM-1 und Elam ist durch einen signifikanten Anstieg von ICAM-1 bei nahezu gleichbleibender niedriger Expression von VCAM-1 und Elam gekennzeichnet. Unsere ersten Ergebnisse der Expressions- und Verteilungsmuster stellen Vergleichswerte dar, anhand derer in weiteren Studien die Pathogenese der oralen Strahlenmukositis genauer untersucht werden kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie 2 (1998), S. 153-159 
    ISSN: 1434-3940
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Typisches Chordom ; Pathohistologie ; Immunhistochemie ; Differentialdiagnose ; Key words Typical chordoma ; Pathohistology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Differential diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Cranial and cervical chordomas can spread by para- or retropharyngeal extension up to the region of the salivary glands or the jaw and may simulate a tumor of the salivary glands or jaw. In occasional cases, because the tumors often expand slowly, months or years may pass between the first clinical symptoms and diagnosis. Diagnostic problems exist in differentiating these chordomas from pleomorphic adenoma, mucinous carcinoma, or chondrosarcoma. Ten relevant observations of typical cranial and cervical chordomas (Salivary Gland Register Hamburg 1965–1996) were analyzed more closely by pathohistological and immunohistochemical means. The exact diagnosis is based upon the evidence of blown-up, bubble-like („physaliform“) cells which contain mucus drops in a vacuolized cytoplasm and are surrounded by extensive areas of mucoid mucus. The pattern of immunohistochemistry is characterized by the multifold expression of cytokeratin, vimentin, and EMA. The differential diagnosis is discussed with reference to further types of chordoma (chondroid chordoma, dedifferentiated chordoma with spindle cell sarcomatous transformation), chondrosarcoma, pleomorphic adenoma, and mucus-producing carcinoma.
    Notes: Kraniale und zervikale Chordome können sich bei para- oder retropharyngealer Ausbreitung bis zur Speicheldrüsen- oder Kieferregion ausbreiten und einen Speicheldrüsen- oder Kiefertumor vortäuschen. Da die Tumoren oft langsam wachsen, vergehen vom Auftreten der ersten klinischen Symptome bis zur Diagnosestellung mitunter Monate oder Jahre. Differentialdiagnostische Probleme bestehen in der Abgrenzung zu pleomorphen Adenomen, schleimbildenden Karzinomen oder Chondrosarkomen. 10 einschlägige Beobachtungen von typischen kranialen und zervikalen Chordomen des Speicheldrüsenregisters Hamburg (1965–1996) werden pathohistologisch und immunhistochemisch näher analysiert. Die exakte Diagnose beruht auf dem Nachweis von aufgeblähten blasenförmigen („physaliformen“) Zellen, welche in einem vakuolisierten Zytoplasma Schleimtropfen enthalten und von ausgedehnten mukoiden Schleimseen umgeben sind. Das immunhistochemische Expressionsmuster ist durch die Mehrfachexpression von Zytokeratin, Vimentin und EMA gekennzeichnet. Die Differentialdiagnose zu weiteren Chordomtypen (chondroides Chordom, entdifferenziertes Chordom mit spindelzelliger sarkomatöser Transformation), zum Chondrosarkom, pleomorphen Adenom und schleimbildenden Karzinom wird erörtert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: Nitric oxide ; Spinal cord evoked potentials ; Edema ; Cell changes ; p-CPA ; Diazepam ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The possibility that nitric oxide is somehow involved in the early bioelectrical disturbances following spinal cord injury in relation to the later pathophysiology of the spinal cord was examined in a rat model of spinal cord trauma. A focal trauma to the rat spinal cord was produced by an incision of the right dorsal horn of the T 10–11 segments under urethane anaesthesia. The spinal cord evoked potentials (SCEP) were recorded using epidural electrodes placed over the T9 and T12 segments of the cord following supramaximal stimulation of the right tibial and sural nerves in the hind leg. Trauma to the spinal cord significantly attenuated the SCEP amplitude (about 60%) immediately after injury which persisted up to 1h. However, a significant increase in SCEP latency was seen at the end of 5h after trauma. These spinal cord segments exhibited profound upregulation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) immunoreactivity, and the development of edema and cell injury. Pretreatment with a serotonin synthesis inhibitor drug p-chlorophenylalanine (p-CPA) or an anxiolytic drug diazepam significantly attenuated the decrease in SCEP amplitude, upregulation of NOS, edema and cell injury. On the other hand, no significant reduction in SCEP amplitude, NOS immunolabelling, edema or cell changes were seen after injury in rats pretreated with L-NAME. These observations suggest that nitric oxide is somehow involved in the early disturbances of SCEP and contribute to the later pathophysiology of spinal cord injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: Brain derived neurotrophic factor ; Insulin like growth factor-1 ; Nitric oxide ; Spinal cord injury ; Edema ; Cell injury ; Blood-spinal cord barrier ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The possibility that brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF) induced neuroprotectivn is influenced by mechanisms involving nitric oxide was examined in a rat model of focal spinal cord injury. BDNF or IGF-I (0.1 μg/10 [1 in phosphate buffer saline) was applied topically 30 min before injury on the exposed spinal cord followed by repeated doses of growth factors immediately before and 30 min after injury. Thereafter application of BDNF or IGF was carried out at every 1 h interval until sacrifice. Five hours after injury, the tissue pieces from the T9 segment were processed for nNOS immunostaining, edema and cell injury. Untreated injured rats showed a profound upregulation of nNOS which was most pronounced in the nerve cells of the ipsilateral side. A marked increase in the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) permeability to125I-albumin, water content and cell injury in these perifocal segments was also found. Pretreatment with BDNF and IGF significantly reduced the upregulation of nNOS in the spinal cord. This effect of the growth factors was most pronounced in the contralateral side. Rats treated with these neurotrophic factors showed much less signs of BSCB damage, edema and cell injury. These results suggest that BDNF and IGF pretreatment is neuroprotective in spinal cord injury and that these neurotrophic factors have the capacity to down regulate nNOS expression following trauma to the spinal cord. Our data provide new experimental evidences which suggest that BDNF and IGF may exert their potential neuroprotective effects probably via regulation of NOS activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 112 (1998), S. 39-44 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Key words Selectins ; Wound age ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Notes: Abstract The aim of the study was to characterize the vitality and age of skin wounds by the detection of selectins. A prospective study was conducted for this purpose in which 197 vital human skin wounds (time since injury ranging from 3 min to 790 days) were investigated immunohistologically. Of the samples tested, 97 were taken from autopsy material and 100 from patient material from the department of surgery at the university hospital. The selectins were detected in paraffin sections after autoclaving and using the ABC technique. The intensity was rated by a semi-quantitative evaluation using a four-stage ordinal scale. Strong positive immunohistochemical reactions were observed for the P-selectin 3 min at the earliest and 7 h at the latest after the time of injury. For the E-selectin a positive staining was evident 1 h at the earliest and 17 days at the latest from the time the skin was injured. The staining intensity decreased significantly after an interval of 12 h from the time of injury (P 〈 0.05). The L-selectin was regularly detected on leukocytes in thesamples of injured skin. The immunohistochemical results for the P- and E-selectins were significantly different between injured and uninjured skin (P 〈 0.01). The expression of the selectins is indicative of the vitality of the wound. P-selectin was detected in a few cases (n = 4) at low intensity while E-selectin could not be found in the control samples (n = 31) of postmortem skin wounds. The use of P- and E-selectins for forensic purposes can help to achieve better estimates of the age of wounds with short survival times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 124 (1998), S. 31-36 
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Key words Metallothionein ; Immunohistochemistry ; Testicular germ cell tumors ; Response to treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose: Data on the involvement of elevated metallothionein (MT) expression in resistance to some of the commonly used anticancer treatments are scattered and conflicting. This encouraged us to examine further the contribution of metallothionein expression to the development of this resistance phenotype. Patients and methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks of primary untreated germ cell testicular tumor specimens, obtained from 77 patients following radical orchiectomy, were examined for their MT expression using monoclonal antibody and immunohistochemistry. Clinical staging, the chemotherapeutic schedule and evaluation of response to treatment (defining objective response) were performed according to UICC criteria. Results: All tumor types, including seminomas and nonseminomas, expressed MT, regardless of their histology and clinical stage. The immunoreactivity of MT showed a significant positive correlation with the clinical sensitivity of cancer to antitumor therapy (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: In patients with germ cell testicular tumors, high MT expression, as detected by immunohistochemistry, predicts a better response rate to chemotherapy whereas tumors lacking or demonstrating low MT expression show a worse prognosis. These data do not support the hypothesis that MT overexpression contributes to cisplatinum resistance, at least in this tumor type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Key words Proliferation index ; Gastric carcinoma ; Immunohistochemistry ; Monoclonal antibody MIB 1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our study aimed to reveal whether the proliferation index of tumor cells, calculated with the monoclonal antibody (mAb) MIB1, is of prognostic relevance in patients with a gastric carcinoma and shows any correlation to well-known clinicopathological factors (TNM categories, stage, grade, Laurén type). We examined formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of samples from 94 patients, who underwent surgery for an adenocarcinoma of the stomach between 1988 and 1991. Specimens were immunohistochemically stained using the mAb MIB1 in combination with the alkaline-phosphatase/anti-(alkaline phosphatase) technique. The proliferation index (PI) was estimated in various areas of interest (tumor center and periphery and in lymph node metastases of compartments I and II), by always counting 200 tumor cells in three different high-power fields per specimen, and calculated as the percentage of MIB1-positive tumor cell nuclei relative to all tumor cell nuclei in the area examined. The total PI in the primary tumor was 47.2% and slightly higher in the center (49.1%) compared to the periphery (44.7%). Surprisingly in lymph node metastases the PI was lower than in the primary tumor (compartment I: 39.5%, compartment II: 33.6%). Tumors with distant metastases revealed a higher proliferative activity (55.1%) than tumors without (44.3%). The PI increased significantly from well to poorly differentiated carcinomas (P 〈 0.01), whereas the intestinal Laurén type showed a lower PI than the diffuse type. No difference in survival was found between patients with a median PI or less and those with a PI above the median (47.2%). Our results show that the proliferation index in gastric carcinomas has no prognostic relevance and therefore is of low clinical value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Key words Membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MT-MMP-1) ; Human pancreatic adenocarcinoma ; Desmoplasia ; Non-radioactive in situ hybridization ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The expression of a new type of matrix metalloproteinase, membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MT-MMP-1), was examined in 24 cases of primary pancreatic adenocarcinomas and 9 cases of secondary liver tumors derived from pancreatic adenocarcinomas, using a non-radioactive in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical methods. Out of 24 cases of primary pancreatic adenocarcinomas, 18 showed positive expression of MT-MMP-1 transcripts in cancer cells and 20 of 24 showed positive expression in the tumor stromal cells. The immunoreactivity of the gene products for MT-MMP-1 was demonstrated to be almost the same, as shown by in situ hybridization in these 24 cases. In particular, both the staining intensity for MT-MMP-1 transcripts and the immunoreactivity of the gene products in the tumor stromal cells of mucinous cystadenocarcinomas were significantly weaker than those of common-type ductal adenocarcinomas among the 24 cases. All of the 9 cases of secondary liver tumors derived from pancreatic adenocarcinomas showed positive expression for MT-MMP-1 transcripts but less immunoreactivity for the gene products. These results suggest that MT-MMP-1 is transcribed and translated in both cancer cells and the tumor stromal cells in human pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Furthermore, considering that common-type ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas usually shows a strong desmoplastic reaction, while mucinous cystadenocarcinoma typically does not, MT-MMP-1 expressed in the tumor stromal cells of common-type adenocarcinomas may be involved in processes leading to the desmoplastic reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 111 (1998), S. 169-172 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Key words Protein p53 ; Wound age ; Immunohistochemistry ; Quantitative image analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Notes: Abstract The time-dependent expression of p53 protein during wound healing has been investigated by immunochemistry in fibroblastic cells of skin wounds ranging between a few minutes and 11 weeks old. When compared to uninjured skin, an increased expression of p53 was found earliest in a wound with a postinfliction interval of 3 days. The ratio (r) of positively stained cells in relation to the total number of fibroblastic cells in the wound area of this specimen was about 0.2. A considerable increase in the expression of p53 (r 〉 0.5) was first found in a wound aged 8 days and in wounds with postinfliction intervals ranging between 3 and 11 weeks, where the ratio of positive cells was between 0.40 and 0.64. Therefore, it can be calculated that r-values of at least 0.5 indicate a postinfliction interval of approximately 1 week or more. Since comparably low numbers of positively stained fibroblastic cells were found in specimens with an advanced wound duration, reliable information for a forensic wound age estimation can only be provided by positive results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 13 (1998), S. 237-239 
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis ; Procollagen type I extracellular matrix ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract M-57 antibody, which is capable of distinguishing newly-synthesized type I procollagen from fully-processed, mature collagen, was used to examine the expression of collagen synthesis in hypertrophic pyloric muscle from patients with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS). Seven specimens from IHPS patients were removed at the time of operation; age-matched normal pyloric tissue of 5 post-mortem cases was obtained as controls. Immunohistochemistry was performed using antibody of the amino-terminal end of the procollagen type I propeptide (M-57). Newly-synthesized procollagen (M-57) was strongly detected in both the connective tissue septa between circular muscle bundles, and among the circular-muscle fibers in patients with IHPS. No M-57 staining was observed among the circular-muscle fibers in controls. Our findings show that the hypertrophic circular muscle in IHPS is actively synthesizing collagen, and this may be responsible for the characteristic “firm” nature of the pyloric tumor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Ca2+-binding S-100 proteins ; Epithelial tumours ; Skin ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The Ca2+-binding proteins S100A1, S100A2, S100A4, S100A6 and S100B were evaluated immunohistochemically in normal skin and skin appendage tumours. Epidermal basal cells, epithelial cells of sebaceous glands, hair follicle sheet epithelia and eccrine duct reacted strongly with an antiserum against human S100A2 but were nonreactive or weakly reactive to S100A1, S100A4, S100A6 and S100B. Varying types of skin appendage tumours and most peripheral cells in tumour nests of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma showed positive S100A2 immunoreactivity in neoplastic cells corresponding to basal cells but were nonreactive or faintly reactive for other S100 proteins. Langerhan’s cells and melanocytes were labelled by S100B. Basophilic cells of calcifying epithelioma were occasionally stained with S100A2 antiserum. Eccrine poroma did not react with any S100 antiserum. Mixed tumours of the skin containing neoplastic myoepithelial cells stained strongly for S100A2 and S100B but only faintly for S100A1, S100A4, S100A6. This is the first report on selective evaluation of different S100 proteins in normal skin. These antibodies are valuable tools for better characterization of skin appendage tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 432 (1998), S. 217-222 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Cholangitis ; Autoimmune diseases ; T-Lymphocyte subsets ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Autoimmune cholangitis (AIC) is characterised by clinical and/or laboratory features of cholestasis, the presence of antinuclear antibodies and the lack of antimitochondrial antibodies. Histologically, changes largely identical to those found in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) are typically found. It is not possible to differentiate between AIC and PBC on conventional morphological grounds, and we therefore wished to find whether there is a difference between these entities in the composition of the inflammatory infiltrate leading to bile duct destruction. In liver biopsies from ten patients with confirmed AIC and ten patients with PBC the inflammatory infiltrate was characterised with antibodies against CD 3, OPD 4 CD 8, GB 7, L 26, CD 56 and CD 57. In AIC, T cells were predominant in the portal inflammatory infiltrate in nine cases. Granzyme B-positive activated cytolytic T lymphocytes were found in the bile duct epithelium in five cases. All these five cases showed inflammatory bile duct destruction. No significant differences between the immunohistochemical findings in AIC and in PBC were found. We suggest that AIC is a subgroup of PBC, antimitochondrial antibody-negative type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 432 (1998), S. 293-298 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Follicular dendritic cell tumour ; Nasopharynx ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron microscopy ; PCR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We report the first case of an extranodal follicular dendritic cell (FDC) tumour localized in the nasopharynx of a 44-year-old male patient. The tumour cells were characterized immunohistochemically by strong expression of CD21, HLA-DR and vimentin and focal expression of CD68 and cytokeratin. Electron microscopic examination revealed desmosomal cell junctions between adjacent cell processes. Molecular genetic analysis using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed germline configuration of immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor genes. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genomes were detectable by PCR. After complete surgical tumour removal and radiotherapy the patient is disease-free 20 months after the initial diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words c-fos ; c-jun ; Bone neoplasms ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The products of c-fos and c-jun proto-oncogenes form the heterodimeric complex AP-1 (activator protein 1), which play an important part in the control of bone cell proliferation and differentiation and in the development of bone tumours. We examined the expression of c-fos and c-jun in a series of 52 primary skeletal neoplasms, using an immunohistochemical method on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections. The expression of c-fos and c-jun was restricted to bone-forming lesions, while cartilaginous tumours were devoid of immunoreactivity. In benign osteoblastic lesions moderate c-fos and c-jun expression was found in 2 cases (18.1%). The highest levels of c-fos and c-jun expression were detected in high-grade central osteosarcomas (7 of 15 cases with moderate/diffuse expression) while 1 telangiectatic osteosarcoma, 2 low-grade central osteosarcomas, 1 low-grade periosteal osteosarcoma and 7 low-grade parosteal osteosarcomas were either negative or had low expression. The high-grade component of a dedifferentiated parosteal osteosarcoma showed diffuse immunoreactivity for both oncoproteins. Comparison of c-fos and c-jun expression by histological grade showed that high-grade osteosarcomas had a significantly higher expression of both oncoproteins than did low-grade osteosarcomas (P = 0.01, Fisher’s exact test). Thus, c-fos and c-jun overexpression may be implicated in the development of high-grade osteosarcomas, but they appear to have little or no relevance for the development of low-grade osteosarcomas and cartilaginous skeletal neoplasms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Heparin ; Thrombocytopenia ; Thrombosis ; Pathomorphology ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The therapeutic use of heparin results in thrombocytopenia in 5–30% of patients. In 0.1–1% of patients treated with heparin, the platelet count decreases to between 100 × 109/l and 50 × 109/l and leads to severe synchronous central arterial and venous thrombosis with a mortality of 18–36%. This is known as ”white-clot syndrome” or heparin-induced thrombocytopenia II (HIT-II syndrome). Whilst the clinical aspects and the central type of thrombosis in HIT-II syndrome are well documented, the histomorphology and differential diagnosis of thrombosis are not. We report three cases of HIT-II syndrome with thrombosis of the central arteries and veins. The HIT-II thrombi could be differentiated from thrombi of other origins, particularly from mural thrombi. Heparin-induced thrombi were seen on microscopical examination to be like onion skin in structure, and immunohistochemistry showed that they had a markedly reduced content of fibrin and clearly enhanced amounts of IgG and IgM. The layered structure thus implied appositional growth. The thrombi in HIT-II syndrome do not seem to be induced by activation of the coagulation cascade, but by platelet aggregation mediated by anti-platelet antibodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 433 (1998), S. 69-73 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Adrenal gland ; Vascular supply ; Immunohistochemistry ; Adrenal neoplasms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The vasculature of the adrenal gland has been studied by microinjection techniques in a variety of species. While there is general agreement about the overall patterns, some uncertainty still exists over the structure of medullary arteries and the connections between the sinusoids of the cortex and medulla. We have taken a new approach to these problems by applying immunohistochemical techniques to the human adrenal gland, identifying overall vascular patterns by endothelial expression of CD34 and muscular channels by smooth muscle actin. We have also examined adrenal nodules, adenomas and carcinomas to see whether these can be differentiated on the basis of their vascular patterns. The general pattern in the normal gland was similar to that found in injection studies, but there appeared to be more connections between sinusoids of the zona fasciculata than previously reported. There was direct continuity between cortical and medullary sinusoids. Medullary arteries were demonstrated as thin-walled vessels. Immunopositivity for smooth muscle actin was present in sinusoids, apparently in endothelial cells, suggesting that they may express this protein and thus have a contractile function. Macronodules and adenomas could not be reliably distinguished, both showing a rich network of sinusoidal vessels. Carcinomas showed marked disorganization, with large-calibre vessels interspersed with irregular networks of vessels of very small calibre.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Metallothionein ; Immunohistochemistry ; Synovial tissue ; Rheumatic diseases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Metallothioneins (MTs) are low-molecular-weight cytosolic proteins, which are thought to participate in metal homeostasis and protection against metal toxicity and oxidative stress. MT synthesis can be induced by a variety of inflammatory mediators and antirheumatic drugs, and high levels of MT have been implicated in resistance of cells to some antirheumatic drugs. We studied the expression and localization of MT in synovial tissue samples from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis or osteoarthritis (OA) by quantitative immunohistochemistry. Immunostaining for MT was detected in a large number of intimal lining cells in most of the investigated synovial tissue samples (75%). In a smaller proportion of samples (42%), some of the fibroblast-like cells of the subsynovial layer were also MT positive. Immunostaining and double-staining experiments with antibodies against monocyte-, macrophage- and leucocyte-associated antigens suggested that most of the MT-positive cells were intimal fibroblast-like cells and subsynovial fibroblasts. However, there were no statistically significant differences in the intensity of staining for MT between the rheumatic diseases and OA at the single-cell level. Thus, MT is expressed in synovial tissue and may participate in homeostatic and protective functions. The interindividual variability in the expression of MT in synovial tissue may be related to the therapeutic efficacy of the gold compounds and chemotherapeutic antirheumatic drugs sequestered by MT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 433 (1998), S. 397-405 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Atypical small acinar lesions ; Prostate cancer ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A variety of small acinar lesions of the prostate can mimic prostate cancer in punch biopsies and in transurethral resection material. The first part of this review deals with differential diagnostic problems of the central and transition zone, including atypical adenomatous hyperplasia of the prostate, atrophic processes, sclerosing adenosis, basal cell hyperplasia, and low-grade adenocarcinoma. The second part deals with differential diagnostic problems in the peripheral zone: prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, postatrophic hyperplasia, Cowper’s glands, seminal vesicles, and ductal and intraductal carcinoma. Finally, atypical and small acinar proliferations are described. Diagnostic perspectives are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 432 (1998), S. 363-370 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Atopic dermatitis ; Pruritus ; Cutaneous nerve ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Although pruritus is the cardinal symptom of atopic dermatitis, its mechanism is not well understood. Free nerve endings in the skin are involved in pruritus as itching receptors. We studied the cutaneous nerve fibres in lichenified lesions of 16 patients with adult atopic dermatitis. On immunohistochemistry, fibres immunoreactive for neurofilament, neuron-specific enolase, and protein gene product 9.5 were observed in the papillary dermis and dermoepidermal junctions as well as in the epidermis. In these areas, no fibres stained positively for substance P, neuropeptide Y, vasoactive intestinal peptide, beta endorphin, somatostatin or serotonin. On electron microscopy, the ultrastructure of subepidermal and intraepidermal free nerve endings appeared to be essentially normal. However, the distribution density of the cutaneous nerve fibres was much higher than in normal controls, and the diameter of these fibres was much larger, because of the large number of axons in each nerve fibre. Degranulation of mast cells was not seen. These findings suggest that pruritus in lichenified atopic skin is probably not caused by damage to the cutaneous free nerve endings. In such lesions, the number of the cutaneous free nerve endings is greatly increased, but they may have a normal function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 433 (1998), S. 19-27 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Systemic amyloidosis ; Postmortem study ; Immunohistochemistry ; Classification ; Histomorphological pattern
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Fourty-three cases of systemic amyloidosis were identified in an unselected autopsy series from our institute (6305 autopsies between 1979 and 1993) and classified immunohistochemically by means of a panel of antisera directed against five major amyloid fibril proteins. Amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis was the most common type, being found in 21 cases (48.8%). Transthyretin-derived (ATTR) amyloidosis was present in 11 cases (25.6%), and immunoglobulin light chain-derived (AL) amyloidosis in 10 cases (23.3%). A single case (2.3%) contained deposits of more than one type of systemic amyloid. AA amyoloidosis was associated with chronic inflammatory or infectious diseases (81%), malignant tumours (19%) or both (9.5%). Immunoglobulin light chain-derived amyloidoses were associated with myeloma (50%) or primary (idiopathic; 50%). In AA and AL amyloidosis the kidney was the organ most frequently involved. ATTR amyloid affecting mostly the heart and lungs presented as senile systemic amyloidosis. Systemic amyloidosis was the cause of death in 5 cases (12%) and caused symptoms in 17 cases (39%). Our results suggest that most cases can be classified by using a panel of sensitive and specific antibodies against five major amyloid fibril proteins. This technique may make amyloid type-specific therapy possible for AL amyloid patients who do not have evidence of an underlying plasma cell dyscrasia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Breast cancer ; Cyclin D1 ; p53 ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Cyclin D1 has been reported to be overexpressed in many tumours, including breast carcinomas. Cyclin D1 was first identified as a protooncogene (BCL1/PRAD1), and its overexpression was related to tumour proliferation. The product has also recently been identified as important in mediating cell cycle growth arrest via the p53 pathway in murin fibroblast cell lines. Ninety breast carcinomas previously analysed for p53 status were analysed for amplification of cyclin D1, D2 and D3 genes by Southern blot analysis and for protein expression by immunhistochemistry. In 10 samples gene amplification was detected at the cyclin D1 locus. No gene amplification was detected at the cyclin D2 and D3 loci. Immunoreactivity for cyclin D1 was detected in 38 (42.2%) tumour tissue samples. Fifty samples were immunostained for cyclin D2 and D3. Only 2 samples (4%) showed immunoreactivty for cyclin D2, and 9 samples (18%) for cyclin D3. Cyclin D1 protein overexpression was significantly more often found in tumours with wild type p53 and in tumours with higher grades of differentiation expressing ER. No association was seen between gene amplification of the cyclin D1 gene and p53 status. We conclude there is a relationship between wild type p53 and cyclin D1 protein overexpression in clinical material, indicating that cyclin D1 may be another downstream effector of p53.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words CD44 ; Colorectal carcinoma ; Carcinogenesis ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Small colorectal carcinomas without morphological evidence of origin from an adenoma have been called ”de novo” carcinomas. As changes in the expression of the adhesion molecule CD44 and its variants have been described along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence in colorectal carcinoma, we compared patterns of CD44 expression in early de novo and ex-adenoma colorectal carcinomas by staining specimens from a group of early (pT1) colorectal carcinomas by immunohistochemistry for CD44 (standard and variant forms v3, v5, v6, v7, v7/8, v10). We evaluated carcinoma, adenoma (ex-adenoma cases), transitional mucosal areas and apparently nonneoplastic mucosa peripheral to the lesions (when present). A marked increase was seen in numbers and intensity of standard and variant forms of CD44 in carcinomatous areas compared with nonneoplastic mucosa in both groups, with no significant difference between the groups. However, adenoma areas of the ex-adenoma cases and the transitional mucosa of the de novo carcinomas had nearly identical staining patterns. Together with data from other molecular studies, this may be interpreted as evidence for an adenoma-type precursor lesion in so-called de novo colorectal carcinomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Phyllodes tumour ; Androgen receptor ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The histogenesis of phyllodes tumour (PT) and that of fibroadenoma (FA) of the breast appear to be closely related. FA is thought to be hormonally responsive, while the hormone-responsiveness of PT is uncertain. To gain insight into hormone-responsiveness of PT, we performed immunohistochemical analysis of oestrogen-regulated pS2 and androgen-regulated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) protein expression and also of oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR) and androgen receptor (AR) expression in paraffin sections obtained from 50 female PT patients. Paraffin sections taken from 50 female fibroadenoma (FA) patients were analysed for comparison. ER, PgR, pS2, AR and PSA expression were detected in 32%, 96%, 20% 98% and 4.0% of PT sections and in 28%, 96%, 42% 80% and 10% of FA sections, respectively. No correlations were detected among ER, PgR and pS2 expression or between AR and PSA expression in PT or FA sections. PgR expression was significantly associated with AR expression in PT (P〈0.0001). The present investigations indicate that PT and FA have almost similar hormone receptor status. However, different positivities of pS2 expression suggest that oestrogen-responsiveness may differ between PT and FA. In addition, a wide-ranging co-expression of AR and PgR in PT sections suggests that these receptors may play an important part in the proliferation, although the functional significance of these receptors should be elucidated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Oral ; squamous cell carcinoma ; Tumour suppressor gene ; Prognosis ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  In several tumour entities the immunohistochemical detection of p53 has proved to be a predictive factor for the survival of the patients. In this study the effector waf1 and the regulator mdm2 responsible for the inactivation of p53 were also determined in 156 tissue samples of primary squamous cell carcinomas in the oral cavity and oropharynx, their lymph node metastases, and the epithelium outside the invasively growing tumour from 107 patients. In this latter epithelium there was a significant correlation between grade of dysplasia and staining for p53 (P〈0.01). In the dysplastic epithelium a significant correlation between p53, waf1, and mdm2 was shown (P〈0.05). Differences in the immunohistochemical staining between different blocks of the tumour tissue and also between primary tumours and their lymph node metastases were revealed in 11–44% of cases, but there was no correlation with other variables, such as formation of lymph node metastases. In contrast to the conventional tumour grading and staging, no influence of any of the variables determined on survival or recurrence-free survival could be detected. It seems that p53 and associated factors are important in the early stages of cancerogenesis but not in further tumour progression and metastatic spread.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Mast cells ; Hepatic fibrosis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Tryptase ; Basic fibroblast growth factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  There is evidence that mast cells are involved in a number of pathophysiological processes. The significance of mast cells in hepatic fibrosis was examined in 28 patients with histologically normal livers, 34 with acute liver diseases, 51 with chronic liver diseases, and 59 with cholestatic biliary diseases, using immunostaining of the mast cell-specific proteinase, tryptase. Mast cells that were positive for tryptase and for chymase were significantly increased in frequency in fibrotic portal tracts and fibrous septa, particularly in cholestatic/biliary diseases. Mast cells were also increased in frequency around the fibrotic septal and intrahepatic large bile ducts and peribiliary glands of biliary diseases. However, they were less common or even rare in the sclerotic bile ducts and in scarred portal or septal fibrosis. More than half of these more numerous mast cells were positive for histamine, and some were also positive for basic fibroblast growth factor. These two substances were detectable by immunoelectron microscopic in the cytoplasmic granules of mast cells. In contrast, mast cell numbers were not significantly increased in acute viral or drug-induced hepatitis, or in zones 2 and 3 of the hepatic acinus with respect to pericellular and perivenular fibrosis in chronic liver diseases. These findings suggest that mast cells increase in number in cholestatic/biliary diseases, and to a lesser degree in chronic liver diseases, and are involved in the active fibrous enlargement of portal tract and fibrous septa formation and also in the fibrosis of the intrahepatic bile ducts as they display fibrosis-promoting factors such as tryptase, fibroblast growth factor and histamine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 432 (1998), S. 349-356 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Oncocytes ; Liver ; Cytochrome-c-oxidase ; Immunohistochemistry ; Respiratory chain defect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Oxyphilic hepatocytes, also called hepatic oncocytes, have been found in 20 of 47 cirrhotic livers (42%) with defects of the respiratory chain. Immunohistochemical studies using antisera against cytochrome-c-oxidase (complex IV) revealed respiratory chain-deficient oxyphilic foci in 16 of the 20 cases (75%). Fourteen percent of the oxyphilic areas were deficient, whereas only 8.5% of the nonoxyphilic liver nodules showed respiratory chain defects (P 〈 0.004). In addition, oxyphilic foci made up about 18% of all defective areas but were present in only 11.5% of the regenerative nodules. These results illustrate that oxyphilic cell change is associated with a higher propensity for the development of respiratory chain defects, but is not obligatory for this.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 432 (1998), S. 433-440 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Breast ; Foam cells ; Immunohistochemistry ; GCDFP15-PIP gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Cells showing abundant, finely vacuolized cytoplasm (foam cells) are found frequently in most benign lesions of the breast and in certain malignant breast tumours. The origin of mammary foam cells (FCs) has not been clarified, and we therefore studied the morphological features of mammary FCs in a series of 50 benign lesions. The FCs were subdivided, on the basis of their distribution into FCs lining the glandular lumina, intraluminal FCs, intraepithelial-pagetoid FCs, and stromal FCs. The lesions were tested with a panel of antibodies against macrophage (MAC 387, CD68) and epithelial (epithelial membrane antigen [EMA], gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 [GCDFP15] and cytokeratin) markers. The lesions were examined for the presence of PIP/GCDFP15-specific mRNA by an in situ hybridization technique. Three different types of FCs were identified. Type A FCs are epithelial cells (positivity with EMA and cytokeratin) and show apocrine differentiation (positivity with GCDFP15 antiserum and expression of PIP/GCDFP15 mRNA). Type B FCs are of macrophage origin, as they are positive with the macrophage markers and lack cytokeratin and PIP/GCDFP15 mRNA. Finally, type C FCs show an intermediate profile between an epithelial cell and a macrophage: they are both CD68 and GCDFP15 positive and show a thin peripheral rim of positivity with anti-cytokeratin antibody. They lack PIP/GCDFP15 mRNA. Our results indicate the possibility of a spectrum of phenotypes in mammary FCs, from epithelial-apocrine cells to macrophage-derived phagocytic cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Leiomyosarcoma ; Stomach ; Immunohistochemistry ; Quick-freezing ; Deep-etching
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A poorly differentiated leiomyosarcoma of the stomach in a 41-year-old woman is reported. The diagnosis was confirmed by the diffuse immunohistochemical reaction to HHF35, and the presence of focal density and caveolas in some of the tumour cells by conventional electron microscopy. Immunohistochemically, most tumour cells had an undifferentiated nature, in which negative immunostaining for desmin, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and type IV collagen, and positive immunostaining for vimentin were observed. By the quick-freezing and deep-etching (QF-DE) method, these tumour cells revealed the loss of bundled actin and myosin filaments, which constitute desmin associated structures (focal densities and dense patchy areas). Their cytoplasm had many mitochondria and other cell organelles. The intermediate filaments (IFs), which were determined to be vimentin by immunohistochemistry, were observed in the inter-organellar spaces, and connected with these cell organelles. Actin filaments formed a meshwork structure and were distributed mainly in subplasmalemmal regions. Although a basal lamina was not detected by conventional electron microscopy, basal lamina-like structures, an association between the extracellular matrices and the cell membrane, were observed. Using the QF-DE method, three dimensional ultrastructural alterations of the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix of the leiomyosarcoma were observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 432 (1998), S. 469-472 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Leiomyosarcoma ; Pancreatic neoplasms ; Human tumours ; Immunohistochemistry ; Flow cytometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A leiomyosarcoma originating from the pancreas of a 57-year-old man is presented. A 6×5×4 cm tumour was located in the head region, and the patient underwent surgical palliation. Immunohistochemical studies excluded an epithelial origin; a myogenic origin was suggested by strong vimentin and smooth muscle actin positivity. Flow cytometric analysis revealed an aneuploid pattern (DNA index: 1,561). The patient died with widespread metastases 7 month after the operation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Key words Bcl-2 ; P53 ; Immunohistochemistry ; Urothelial dysplasia ; Bladder cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to investigate if and when the bcl-2 oncoprotein is activated in bladder tumorigenesis and its relationship with p53 overexpression and patient survival, we studied bcl-2 and p53 expression immunohistochemically in matched normal urothelium, dysplasia and cancer specimens selected by step-sectioning from 54 radically resected bladders for non-metastatic transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). In normal urothelium and mild dysplasia, bcl-2 was restricted to the basal cell compartment, while in moderate and severe dysplasia its expression was detectable also in the upper regions. Excess bcl-2 immunoreactivity was found in 27 (50%) of carcinomas, and a larger proportion of high-grade TCCs showed bcl-2 expression compared with that of low-grade TCCs (P 〈 0.05). Overexpression of p53 protein showed a increasing trend toward the progression of bladder tumorigenesis (P 〈 0.01) and a significant reciprocal correlation was found between bcl-2 and p53 expression in either various dysplasias (P 〈 0.01) or carcinoma (P 〈 0.05). With the evolution from mild dysplasia to carcinoma in individual cases, loss of bcl-2 expression was more frequently observed in superficial (P 〈 0.02) or low-grade carcinoma (P 〈 0.05) than in muscle-invasive or high-grade carcinoma. Furthermore, patients with negative immunostaining for both bcl-2 and p53 in cancer lesions had a significantly more favorable prognosis compared with those with positive immunostaining for the oncoproteins (P 〈 0.05), although bcl-2 by itself did not predict patient survival. We suggest that aberrant activated bcl-2, which is seen earlier than p53, appears to facilitate bladder tumorigenesis and to enhance tumor aggression in some extent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 95 (1998), S. 131-135 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Cyclin D1 ; MIB-1 ; Immunohistochemistry ; Gliomas ; Invasion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cyclin D1 (cycD1) expression was defined immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibody DCS-6 and polyclonal antiserum H-295 in 50 glioma biopsies. The number of positive nuclei was higher for H-295 than for DCS-6, with a ratio of 3:1. The labelling index (LI) was compared to the grade of histological malignancy and to Ki-67 MIB-1 LI. The LI for cycD1 increased with histological malignancy, in parallel with the increase in MIB-1 LI. In most tumours, the maximum LI for cycD1 and MIB-1 were found in the same areas. The mean MIB-1 LI: mean cycD1 LI ratio does not vary in the three grades of astrocytic tumours. However, in this study the correlation between the two LIs was not statistically significant. Staining for cycD1 antigen does not necessarily imply that the gene is overexpressed since other molecular mechanisms can also be responsible for cell cycle deregulation. In invasive areas, the cycD1 LI is frequently higher than in solid tumour, either because more tumour cells are positive or because reactive astrocytes and activated microglia express cycD1. The relative contribution of neoplastic and reactive cells remains to be defined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Endothelial barrier antigen ; Blood-brain ; barrier ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat ; Spinal cord
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The endothelial barrier antigen (EBA) recognised by a monoclonal antibody is expressed in rat cerebral microvessels possessing blood-brain barrier properties but only weakly by fenestrated vessels. We have studied the expression of this marker in the spinal cord of control rats and compared the findings with those seen in rats subjected to compression injury at the T8–9 level with a survival period of 4 h, 24 h, 4 days and 9 days. To that end, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded material was immunostained by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. Sections from control rats presented a distinct immunostaining at the site of the endothelial cells of almost all microvessels in the grey and white matter of the cord. The anterior and posterior spinal arteries did not show such staining. Neurons and glial cells were unstained. Rats which had survived 4 h after a moderate or severe compression trauma still showed immunoreactivity in intramedullary microvessels at the site of injury. There was a moderate reduction of vascular immunoreactivity at 24 h and a pronounced loss of such reactivity at 4 days after trauma. At 9 days after compression the expression of the endothelial barrier antigen had almost been normalised in the microvessels of the cord. In conclusion, using immunohistochemistry, EBA can be demonstrated in noninjured rat spinal cord microvessels, while the staining disappears at the site of compression trauma to the cord. The EBA marker can be used to indicate sites of vascular injury in spinal cord compression injury. The factors causing the disappearance and restitution of the antigen are unknown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 96 (1998), S. 22-28 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Cerebral arteries ; Human ; Immunohistochemistry ; Vasa vasorum ; Atherosclerosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Vasa vasorum are adventitial vessels that play a role in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, aneurysm, vasculitides, and graft vascular disease. The existence of vasa vasorum in human intracranial arteries is not yet well defined. The specific aims of this study are to determine whether the human intracranial arteries have vasa vasorum, whether their existence is related to the thickness of tunica media as is in systemic vessels, and whether they are acquired in reaction to pathological conditions, such as atherosclerosis and arterial occlusion. Human intracranial internal carotid (i-ICA), vertebral (i-VA), basilar (BA) and middle cerebral arteries (MCA) from adults, children and newborns were examined. Systemic vessels of comparable medial thickness were used as controls. Immunohistochemical staining for Factor VIII and CD 31 was used to identify the endothelial cells. Human intracranial arteries in neonates, children and adults do not have vasa vasorum, although their medial thickness is comparable to their systemic counterparts with vasa vasorum. Only in adults did the proximal intracranial segments of i-ICA and i-VA reveal a few vasa vasorum-like vessels with unusually large diameter. They were more frequently seen in atherosclerosis and thrombotic but again limited to the proximal segments of i-ICA and i-VA. Completely obstructed bilateral carotid arteries in a child with sickle cell disorder revealed a rich adventitial neovascularization in the proximal intracranial part of the vessel. It is not yet known whether obstruction of the distal segments may create similar neovascularizations. Adventitial neovascularizations seen in the proximal i-ICA and i-VA may represent a focal intracranial extension of the vascular pathologies involving the extracranial segments of major cerebral arteries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Apoptosis ; Axotomy ; c-Jun ; Immunohistochemistry ; Motoneurons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A polyclonal antibody intended to recognize c-Jun (Oncogene Science, c-jun/AP-1, Ab-2) has previously been shown to recognize an apparently novel “apoptosis-specific protein” (ASP) in the cytoplasm of cells undergoing apoptotic cell death in vitro. We have investigated whether this antibody would also serve as a reliable marker for apoptotic motoneurons in vivo. Following transection of the left facial nerve in anesthetized neonatal rat pups, which results in over 90% death of the facial motoneurons, we performed immunohistochemistry on frozen brain stem sections with Oncogene Science Ab-1 and Ab-2 antibodies which are raised against different peptide fragments of c-Jun. While Ab-1/c-Jun labelling was seen in the nuclei of the majority of axotomized motoneurons, Ab-2/ASP immunoreactivity was present only in scattered cells, all of which had characteristic apoptotic morphology. Furthermore, Ab-2/ASP immunoreactivity was cytoplasmic and frequently included the dendrites and axons of dying neurons. Some cerebellar granule cells undergoing postnatal developmental cell death were also Ab-2/ASP positive. The time course of the number of Ab-2/ASP-labelled motoneurons corresponded relatively closely with our previous data on DNA fragmentation in these cells, as assessed by an in situ end labelling (ISEL) technique. When facial nerve axotomy was performed at 7 and 14 days postnatum, resulting in reduced cell death, the number of Ab-2/ASP immunoreactive cells decreased correspondingly. Although the exact identity of the epitope recognized by Ab-2 is unclear, we conclude that, by labelling the cytoplasmic and neuritic components of apoptotic motoneurons, Ab-2/ASP immunohistochemistry is a valuable complementary technique to existing in situ methods based on the detection of fragmented DNA in the cell nucleus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Anti-neuronal nuclear autoantibodies ; Central nervous system ; Immunohistochemistry ; Tumor classification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This is a comprehensive immunohistochemical study of selected archival tumors of the nervous system applying human anti-neuronal nuclear autoantibodies of types 1 and 2 (ANNA-1 and -2), serum markers of paraneoplastic syndromes associated primarily with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Neither ANNA-1 nor ANNA-2 bound to glial tumors regardless of histological grade and subtype; instead they labeled neurons in overrun normal parenchyma. Central neurocytomas and the neuronal components of mixed glioneuronal tumors were also immunoreactive for both. In addition, varying proportions of tumor cells were stained in dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA), tuber and neuroblastoma. All other tumors were nonreactive, namely choroid plexus papilloma, pituitary adenoma, pineocytoma, pheochromocytoma, thymic and pulmonary carcinoid, chordoma, meningioma, schwannoma and metastatic melanoma. SCLC was immunonegative for ANNA-1 and ANNA-2 in paraffin preparations, but displayed strong immunoreactivity for both in frozen sections: this discrepancy was not observed in other tumors studied. In conclusion, the human IgG autoantibodies ANNA-1 and ANNA-2 provide novel tools for studying the cytogenesis of tumors of the nervous system in that they permit the identification of both normal and neoplastic, poorly differentiated and small neuronal cells that may escape detection using commercially available anti-neuronal antibodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Neurosarcoidosis ; Sarcoid myopathy ; Intramuscular nerves ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 35-year-old man affected with pulmonary sarcoidosis had a 12-year history of fatigue and pain in the limbs, with normal neurological examination, except for diffusely absent deep tendon reflexes. Muscle biopsy samples showed multiple noncaseating granulomas, most prominent around the intramuscular nerves, with predominance of CD4+ cells. Intramuscular nerve bundles surrounded by granulomas were immunolabelled with laminin α1, α2, β1 and γ1 chain, and collagen IV. Sural nerve biopsy samples were normal. This patient showed a unique histopathological pattern of sarcoid neuromyopathy characterized by distribution of granulomas or infiltrating cells around intramuscular nerve fibers. The clinical picture, restricted to nonspecific symptoms of fatigue and myalgia, and loss of deep tendon reflexes, correlated well with the selective localization of sarcoid lesions in contiguity with the intramuscular nerves. To our knowledge, this peculiar clinico-pathological correlation has not been reported previously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 197 (1998), S. 283-291 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Avian gut ; Immunohistochemistry ; Endocrine cells ; Regulatory peptides ; Intrinsic nervous system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The ontogenesis and distribution of serotonin-, chromogranin A-, chromogranin B-, galanin-, neurotensin-, bombesin- and neuropeptide Y-immunoreactive elements were studied in the chicken oesophagus during pre- and post-hatching life. Unlike positive nerve elements, that were present in pre- and post-hatching life, positive endocrine cells were observed only during embryonic life in the oesophageal epithelium. The first endocrine cells, immunoreactive for serotonin and chromogranins, appeared on day 12, in the cervical and thoracic portions of the oesophagus. At the same age, but only in its distal portion, a few bombesin- and neurotensin-immunoreactive cells also appeared. The number of the endocrine cells progressively increased, reaching a maximum on day 15. They then decreased, with a cranio-caudal progression, until they disappeared a few days after hatching. Almost all the serotonin-immunoreactive cells but only a subpopulation of bombesin- and neurotensin-immunoreactive cells colocalized chromogranins. About half of this subpopulation also colocalized serotonin. All these cells reacted positively with Grimelius argyrophile stain. The mucosa of the crop never contained positive endocrine cells. Positive nervous elements appeared first in the wall of the terminal oesophagus and only one or two days later in the proximal oesophagus including the crop. Nervous elements immunoreactive for galanin first appeared from days 6 to 7, for neurotensin from days 7 to 8, for neuropeptide Y from 13 to 15 and for bombesin from 15 to 18. At day 15 galanin-immunoreactive ganglionic cells and fibres occupied both the myenteric and submucous plexus and galanin-positive nerve fibres could be seen throughout the oesophageal wall from the adventitia to a thin subepithelial network. Neurotensin- and neuropeptide Y-immunopositive ganglionic cells and fibres, by contrast, invariably occupied the muscular and submucous layers. Scattered bombesin-immunoreactive ganglionic cells were observed only in the myenteric plexus. The number of positive nerve elements progressively increased until some weeks after birth. Density and intensity were always much higher for galanin and neurotensin than for neuropeptide Y and bombesin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) ; Small intestine ; Large intestine ; Enteric nervous system ; Rat ; Immunohistochemistry ; Synapse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP)-immunoreactive (IR) neurons in the myenteric and submucosal plexus of the rat small and large intestine were examined by immunostaining with purified polyclonal antiserum against PACAP (1–15), using both light and electron microscopy. Many PACAP-IR neuronal cell bodies and fibers were found in the myenteric and submucosal plexus. Many of the PACAP-IR fibers originated from the cell bodies of the myenteric and submucosal ganglia. The ganglia were also innervated by PACAP-IR fibers. PACAP-IR fibers penetrated both the circular and longitudinal muscle layers, confirming the previous observations indicating that PACAP neurons act as motor neurons. Ultrastructural study demonstrated that PACAP-IR nerve terminals formed synaptic contacts with PACAP-IR nerve cell bodies or dendritic processes. This observation suggests that PACAP-IR neurons innervate other PACAP-IR neurons, and that PACAP neurons work as interneurons in the enteric nervous system. PACAP-IR nerve cells received not only PACAP-positive nerve terminal input also PACAP-negative nerve terminal input. It also suggests that PACAP neurons are regulated not only by PACAP-IR enteric neurons, but also by neurons originating elsewhere. Our observations support the view that PACAP-IR neurons are involved in the control of gut motility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Ubiquitin ; Inclusion body ; Neostriatum ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Skeins or skein-like inclusions (SLIs) in motor neurons detected by ubiquitin immunohistochemistry are a characteristic finding of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here we report ubiquitinated SLIs in the putamen and caudate nucleus from a case of ALS with dementia. A 48-year-old Japanese man developed apathy and amimia. Mental and neurological examinations revealed severe character change, muscle atrophy and fasciculation of the distal upper extremities and the tongue, and an exaggeration of the deep tendon reflex. He subsequently showed dysphagia and dysarthria. He died at the age of 51 years, after a total clinical course of about 2.5 years. By immunohistochemistry, ubiquitin-immunoreactive intraneuronal inclusions were observed in the spinal anterior horn cells, the frontal, temporal and entorhinal cortices, dentate fascia of the hippocampus and the amygdala. In addition, ubiquitinated inclusions were also seen in the putamen and caudate nucleus, which appeared as aggregates of thread-like structures similar to SLIs in the spinal anterior horn neurons. They were not seen on hematoxylin-eosin staining, and they also did not show any argentophilia nor did they react with other antibodies, including antibody against tau protein. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of SLIs in non-motor neurons. Our results thus support the notion that ALS is a multisystem disease, and not simply a disease of the motor neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy ; Nuclear inclusion ; Ubiquitin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We examined the brains and spinal cords of seven patients with clinicopathologically and genetically confirmed hereditary dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) using an antibody against ubiquitin, and found small, round immunoreactive intranuclear inclusions in both neurons and glial cells in various brain regions. Ubiquitinated neuronal intranuclear inclusions (uNIIs) were consistently found in the striatum, the pontine nuclei, the inferior olivary complex, the cerebellar cortex and the dentate nucleus. Ubiquitinated glial intranuclear inclusions (uGIIs) were found less frequently than uNIIs. Most of the inclusion-bearing nuclei were of an astrocytic nature. Immunostaining with an antibody against DRPLA protein revealed similar immunoreactive neuronal and glial intranuclear inclusions, but in much smaller in numbers compared with uNIIs and uGIIs. Electron microscopy showed that such inclusions were composed of granular and filamentous structures. These findings strongly suggest that, in DRPLA, the occurrence of uNIIs and uGIIs is directly related to the causative gene abnormality (an expanded CAG repeat encoding polyglutamine), that neurons are affected much more widely than previously recognized and that glial cells are also involved in the disease process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Amyloid angiopathy ; Alzheimer’s disease ; Extracellular matrix ; Immunohistochemistry ; Microangiopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cerebral amyloid angiopathies comprise a heterogeneous group of conditions characterised by amyloid deposition in leptomeningeal and cortical vessels. We have studied the deposition of extracellular matrix components in such vessels from controls and ten cases with marked amyloid angiopathy. Arterial vessels which were heavily loaded with amyloid often showed lack of immunostaining to collagen type I, III, V and VI in the amyloid-containing parts of the vessel wall but some immunoreactivity remained in the adventitia. The subintimal region of some arterioles presented a faint staining with collagen V and collagen VI antisera. Immunostaining to collagen IV and laminin revealed normal reactivity in the vascular basal lamina and frequently remaining activity in the media. Immunostaining for actin showed a complete or partial loss of reactivity in the amyloid-containing parts of the media but often there was a thin line of staining at the position of pericytes. The endothelial markers did not reveal any changes compared with controls. In other cerebral microangiopathies, for instance Binswanger’s leukoencephalopathy, CADASIL and cases presenting hyalinosis there is a deposition of fibrillary collagens in the wall of afflicted microvessels. Degeneration of smooth muscle cells and absence of marked fibrosis in some of the arterial vessels in cases of amyloid angiopathy may explain why such vessels are susceptible to ruptures and haemorrhages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 198 (1998), S. 505-513 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Extracellular matrix ; Aging ; Immunohistochemistry ; Collagen ; Cartilage degeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Iliac and sacral articular cartilage of 25 human sacroiliac joints (1–93 years) are examined by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry in order to gain further insight into the nature and progress of degenerative changes appearing during aging. These changes can already be seen in younger adults as compared to cartilage degeneration known in other diarthrodial joints. Structural differences between sacral and iliac cartilage can already be observed in the infant: the sacral auricular facet is covered with a hyaline articular cartilage, reaching 4 mm in thickness in the adult and staining intensely blue with alcian blue at pH1. Iliac cartilage of the newborn is composed of a dense fibrillar network of thick collagen bundles, crossing each other at approximately right angles. A faint staining with alcian blue suggests a low content of acidic glycosaminoglycans. In the adult, iliac cartilage becomes hyaline and its maximal thickness reaches 1–2 mm. Both articular facets exhibit morphological changes during aging that are more pronounced in the iliac cartilage and resemble osteoarthritic degeneration; the staining pattern of the extracellular matrix becomes inhomogenous, chondrocytes are arranged in clusters and the articular surface develops superficial irregularities and fissures. Sometimes fibrous tissue fills up these defects. Nevertheless, large areas of iliac cartilage remain hyaline in nature. Sacral articular cartilage often remains largely unaltered until old age. The sacral subchondral bone plate is usually thin and shows spongiosa trabeculae inserted at right angles, suggesting a perpendicular load on the articular facet. Iliac subchondral spongiosa shows no definite alignment and joins the thickened subchondral bone plate in an oblique direction. The iliac cartilage therefore seems to be stressed predominantly by shearing forces, arising from the changing monopodal support of the pelvis during locomotion. The subchondral bone plate on both the iliac and sacral auricular facet is penetrated by blood vessels that come into close contact with the overlying articular cartilage. These vessels may contribute to the high incidence of rheumatoid and inflammatory diseases in the human sacroiliac joint. Immunolabelling with an antibody against type II collagen reveals a diminished immunoreactivity in the upper half of adult sacral cartilage and only a faint and irregular labelling in the iliac cartilage. Type I collagen can be detected in a superficial layer on the sacral articular surface and around chondrocyte clusters in iliac cartilage, as in dedifferentiating chondrocytes during the development of osteoarthritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 198 (1998), S. 171-184 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Cardiac neural crest ; Quail-chick chimera ; Retroviral gene transfer ; Cardiac ganglia ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We were interested in the contribution of the cardiac neural crest to the complete anterior and posterior nerve plexus of the chick heart. This includes the pathways by which these cardiac neural crest-derived neuronal precursors enter the heart. As lineage techniques we used the traditional quail-chick chimera in combination with the newly introduced technique of retroviral reporter gene transfer to premigratory cardiac neural crest cells. Retrovirally infected embryos (n=23) and quail-chick chimeras (n=19) between stages HH27 and 40, were immunohistochemically evaluated, using the lineage markers LacZ (retroviral reporter) and QCPN (anti-quail nuclear marker), respectively and the neuronal differentiation markers HNK-1, RMO-270 and DO-170. Between stages HH27 and 33, quail-derived and LacZ positive cells were situated around the arterial cardiac vagal branches at the arterial pole, and vagal branches along the anterior cardinal veins and the sinal vagal branch at the venous pole. From stage HH35 onward, QCPN/LacZ-positive cardiac ganglia were observed throughout the anterior and posterior plexus and were mainly concentrated in the subepicardium near the distal ends of the arterial cardiac vagal branches and the sinal cardiac vagal branch respectively. From stage HH36 both the anterior and posterior plexus contained a population of large cardiac ganglion cells and a population of smaller cells along nerve branches as well as in the cardiac ganglia, which means that differentiation starts in both plexus at the same time. Furthermore only nerve fiber connections between the anterior and posterior plexus were observed. These results show that the cardiac neural crest contributes to the cardiac ganglion cells from both the entire anterior and posterior plexus. Furthermore these results suggest that these precursor cells enter the arterial pole via the arterial cardiac vagal branches and the venous pole via the sinal cardiac vagal branch without intermixing. Finally we show that in addition to the cardiac ganglia, the cardiac neural crest contributes to small myocardial glia or undifferentiated cells along nerve fibers, and some myocardial nerve fibers as well as nerve tissue in the adventitia of the large veins at the venous pole and in the adventitia of the coronary arteries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Congenital heart defects ; Cushions ; Extracellular matrix ; Immunohistochemistry ; Morphogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Using various microscopical techniques we studied the development of the atrioventricular valves in human hearts between 5 and 19 weeks of development. Within the atrioventricular cushions two different layers could be recognized that remained present in all ages studied. The atrial layer, being present at the side of the atrioventricular orifice, was positive for laminin while the ventricular layer, that was connected to the myocardium, was positive for fibronectin and collagen III. Fate-mapping of these two layers, morphometrics, and scanning electron microscopy, supplemented with in vivo labeling of cushion tissue in chicken hearts have lead to new insights in the process of valve development. The cushions became freely movable prevalvular leaflets by delamination of ventricular myocardium underneath the cushion tissue. This myocardium gradually retracted towards annulus and papillary muscles and finally disappeared, resulting in fibrous, non-myocardial valves. The atrial layer of the cushions remained present as a jelly-like surface on the valve leaflets while the ventricular layer of the cushions became the compact fibrous tissue of the leaflets and the chords. Chordal development was first visible at 10 weeks of development when gaps were formed in the ventricular layer of the cushions on top of the papillary muscles. These gaps enlarged into the interchordal spaces while the cushion tissue in between the gaps lengthened to form the chords. We conclude that the leaflets as well as the chords of the atrioventricular valves are derived from atrioventricular cushion tissue. Myocardium is only important for loosening of the leaflets while keeping connection with the developing papillary muscles. Errors in delamination or retraction of myocardium or remodeling of cushion tissue into chords form the basis for various congenital valve anomalies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Human prostate ; Development ; Androgen receptor ; Immunohistochemistry ; In situ hybridization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  As it is suggested that the androgen receptor mechanism is required for prostatic development, we attempted to determine the appearance, expression and distribution of the androgen receptor in embryonic, infantile and pubertal human prostate. Using mono- and polyclonal antibodies and a digoxigenin-labeled 713 bp riboprobe, the androgen receptor expression in paraffin sections of fetal, infantile, and pubertal prostates was studied at the protein and RNA level. Under highly standardized conditions, application of the polyclonal antibodies resulted in a weak cytoplasmic and nuclear labeling of the epithelium of fetal glands. No immunoreaction was obtained with monoclonal antibodies. Applying the polyclonal antibody to pubertal and adult specimens, immunoreactivity of the androgen receptor was positive in nuclei of adluminal and basal epithelial cells, in interstitial and vascular smooth muscle cells and vascular endothelium, whereas ganglionic cells and enteroendocrine cells were negative. In situ hybridization with the digoxigenin-labeled riboprobe gave clear positive results already in epithelium of very young fetal specimens. A semiquantitative visual evaluation of in situ hybridizations showed that intermediate intensity of expression was increased in pubertal and adult specimens, whereas strong expression was reduced in prostatic epithelium. Conclusions: The essential findings are: (1) an early expression of androgen receptor mRNA in the fetal prostate; (2) no immunoreaction of monoclonal antibodies against the androgen receptor in the same specimens, (3) a decrease of androgen receptor mRNA expression, but increase in immunoreactivity of the androgen receptor protein with the onset of glandular maturation during puberty.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Sensory neurons ; Autonomic neurons ; Neuropeptides ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The innervation of the knee joint synovial membrane of the guinea pig, i.e., the synoviocyte layer, the subjacent connective tissue and the connective tissue region beneath, was analyzed with immunohistofluorescence and electron microscopy. A screening of the innervation with antibodies against the general axon marker – protein gene product (PGP) 9,5 – revealed the presence of nerve fibers distributed in various regions of the knee joint synovial membrane. Confirmating previous studies, some of these nerve fibers stained with antibodies to tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), neuropeptide Y (NPY), substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). In addition, dynorphin (DYN)-containing fibers were detected, which have not been reported previously in normal joints. In general, the immunoreactive fibers were observed close to the synoviocytes and at blood vessels. Fibers with colocalization of NPY- and TH-like immunoreactivities (LIs), as well as of DYN- and TH-LIs were demonstrated. In the electron microscope, bundles of unmyelinated fibers as well as single fibers were found in the connective tissue region below the synoviocytes. Varicose parts of the nerve fibers contained mainly small, clear vesicles. Small and large dense-cored vesicles were also seen, but less frequently. Denser portions of the plasma membranes of some axons were observed in these regions, facing the extracellular space. Myelinated fibers were also observed in some nerve bundles. These findings emphasize the complex innervation of the synovial membrane, with nerve fibers containing a host of neuroactive substances. Altogether, these fibers are probably involved in many functions such as vasoregulation and control of synovial secretion in addition to being a source of mediators in joint inflammation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Heart development ; Vagal nerve ; Immunohistochemistry ; Retinoic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The distribution of the vagal nerve was studied in whole-mount specimens and serial sections of chick embryos after retinoic acid treatment. White Leghorn chick embryos were treated at stage 15 either with 1 µg all-trans retinoic acid (n=11), or with the solvent dimethylsulphoxide (sham-operated embryos, n=8). Eight embryos served as normal controls. At stage 34 all 27 embryos were examined with a dissecting microscope. In order to reveal the vagal patterning, the hearts were removed and whole-mount stained with the HNK-1 antibody. In three hearts of the retinoic acid-treated group a morphologic intracardiac anomaly – a double outlet right ventricle – was found. To explore in depth the vagal nerve distribution in the heart, a separate set of hearts of retinoic acid embryos (n=5), sham-operated (n=4) and control embryos (n=5), was devised solely for serial sectioning and staining with the HNK-1 antibody. All hearts of retinoic acid-treated embryos showed a disturbed vagal nerve distribution both over the surface of the heart and within the heart wall. The vagal patterning was not altered in the sham-operated embryos compared to controls. It is concluded that retinoic acid disturbs the development of vagal nerve patterning regardless of the concurrent presence of intracardiac malformations. The mechanism and functional implications remain to be investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 198 (1998), S. 163-169 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words GHR ; Mammary gland ; Fetus ; In situ hybridization ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Growth hormone (GH) is known to play a key role in postnatal growth and differentiation. The role of GH and its receptor (GHR) in prenatal development, however, is still controversial. Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry we demonstrated the presence of GHR mRNA and protein in bovine mammary glands during fetal development. RT-PCR revealed GHR transcripts in fetal mammary glands from the third to the ninth month of pregnancy. By non-radioactive ISH, GHR mRNA was localized in the glandular epithelium, the surrounding mesenchymal cells, endothelial cells of vessels and in the stratum basale of the epidermis of fetal mammary glands. From the sixth month of fetal life onwards, GHR transcripts were also found in the cytoplasm of adipocytes. Immunohistochemical studies using the monoclonal antibody mAb 263 revealed the same distribution pattern as the mRNA. Our results imply that the growth hormone receptor is distinctly expressed in the immature mammary gland, suggesting that GH is involved in growth and differentiation of the fetal mammary gland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 95 (1998), S. 649-654 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor ; Ganglioglioma ; Mixed neuronal-glial neoplasm ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a case of a 15-year-old girl with new onset seizures, who had a mixed dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT) and ganglioglioma of the right parieto-occipital lobe. The tumor appeared well demarcated and exhibited a low T1 and a high T2 signal on magnetic resonance imaging. Architecturally it was in large part intracortical and multinodular, but also featured a leptomeningeal component. The former corresponded to DNT, a proliferation of oligodendroglia-like cells (OLCs) arranged in nodules, as well as comprising a diffuse internodular element featuring “floating neurons” in a mucoid matrix. The leptomeningeal portion of the lesion was a ganglioglioma consisting of large neurons and astrocytes in association with marked desmoplasia. Spacially, the two components abutted one another but appeared distinct. Immunohistochemistry showed the neurons of the ganglioglioma to be positive for class III β-tubulin, synaptophysin, and chromogranin A, whereas the astrocytic cells stained only for glial fibrillary acidic protein. Most OLCs in the DNT were positive for S-100 protein. This apparently mixed lesion suggests that a close histogenetic relationship exists between DNT and ganglioglioma. We postulate that the pluripotential progenitor cells residing in the subpial granular layer may have given rise to the cortical DNT and to the leptomeningeal ganglioglioma. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed histological, immunochemical and ultrastructural report of a mixed DNT and ganglioglioma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Astrocytic tumors ; c-Met ; Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunofluorescence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/ SF), which has various physiological functions, and its receptor c-Met, the human c-met proto-oncogene product, are thought to be determinant in the pathological processes of various malignancies. To investigate the possible role of HGF/SF in the progression of development of astrocytic tumors, we examined the expression of c-Met in these tumors. Immunohistochemistry using the streptavidin-biotin peroxidase complex method and immunofluorescence double staining with anti-c-Met polyclonal and anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein monoclonal antibodies were performed. Positive c-Met expression was detected in 31 of the 42 astrocytic tumors and some of the control cases analyzed. c-Met-positive cells showed morphological characteristics of astrocytes. Especially in the cases of high-grade tumors, c-Met positivity was abundant in cells in both vascular-rich and peripheral regions of the tumors but not in the cells with distinctly malignant features. Immunofluorescence double staining revealed that the c-Met-positive cells were in part of astrocytic origin. We suggest that c-Met-positive cells are affected by some factors in the lesions where the pathological processes are in a state of development. Our studies indicated that c-Met expression might take part in glioma invasion but not in the development of malignancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Cytochrome c oxidase ; Fibre type ; Human ; Immunohistochemistry ; Myalgia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Muscular changes in male forest machine operators with work-related neck and shoulder myalgia were studied. Enzyme cyto- and immunohistochemical analysis was carried on muscle biopsies obtained from ten myalgic subjects (M), nine non-myalgic selected in the same work place (NM) and six healthy young men (C). The M group displayed a significant increase in type IIA fibres in comparison to the C group. This hypertrophy was accompanied by a parallel increase in the capillary bed. Both the M and NM groups exhibited an increase in fibres with a disorganised mitochondrial pattern. Interestingly, fibres lacking cytochrome c oxidase occurred in the M group (0.9%) but also in the NM group (0.5%), suggesting a mitochondrial defect. Central nuclei (5.2%) and developmental myosin (3%) were also more frequent in the M group. These changes are probably related to injury-regeneration cycles. These data support the association between the work conditions and muscle changes in work-related trapezius myalgia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key wordsα-Sarcoglycan ; γ-Sarcoglycan ; Sarcoglycanopathy ; Immunohistochemistry ; Gene ; mutation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated the expression of α-sarcoglycan, β-sarcoglycan, γ-sarcoglycan, and δ-sarcoglycan immunohistochemically in three patients with mutations of the α-sarcoglycan gene and a patient with a mutation of the γ-sarcoglycan gene. Although each of the four sarcoglycans were decreased on the muscle membranes of all the patients, different expression patterns for each were seen among the patients. In patients with mutations of the α-sarcoglycan gene, β-, γ- and δ-sarcoglycans were relatively preserved as compared to greatly reduced α-sarcoglycan. However, the patient with a mutation of the γ-sarcoglycan gene showed marked reduction of γ-sarcoglycan as compared to partially preserved α- and β-sarcoglycans, and well-preserved δ-sarcoglycan. These results suggest that each sarcoglycan component in sarcoglycanopathy does not decrease in the same manner, and that mutations of the sarcoglycan gene can be predicted, at least in part, by means of sensitive immunohistochemistry for each sarcoglycan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Key words Bowen’s disease ; Proliferative activity ; Immunohistochemistry ; Laser cytometer ; Tissue ; sections
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to evaluate the localized proliferative activity of intratumor cells in Bowen’s disease using tissue sections, skin specimens from ten patients were compared with skin samples from seven normal individuals for their expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Ki-67 immunostaining and intranuclear DNA contents, quantitated with a laser cytometer (LCM). In normal epidermis, the largest proportion of PCNA- and Ki-67-positive cells was observed in the basal cell layer, with the amounts decreasing through the suprabasal cell layer towards the prickle cell layer. Examination by LCM also revealed the highest average fluorescence intensity of individual nuclei in the basal cell layer and, as with the immunohistological parameters, reducing towards the upper layer of the epidermis. In the Bowen’s disease tissue sections, the largest proportion of PCNA- and Ki-67-positive cells was found in contact with the basement membrane (base of the tumor), with lower amounts in the center of the tumor nest and in the marginal epidermis. The average fluorescence intensities of individual nuclei were in line with these results. These results show that tumor cells distributed in Bowen’s disease tumor nests have different proliferative activities depending on their location.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 290 (1998), S. 3-8 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Key words Nitric oxide ; Nitric oxide synthase ; Immunohistochemistry ; Psoriasis ; Chemiluminescence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Biopsies from psoriasis lesions and clinically uninvolved skin of eight patients and five normal subjects were studied by immunocytochemistry with computerized image analysis for the presence of endothelial, neuronal and inducible isoforms of nitric oxide synthase. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase was expressed in the endothelium and weakly in some keratinoctyes. Its expression was not significantly different in psoriasis. Inducible nitric oxide synthase, however, was absent from normal skin but was significantly upregulated in psoriatic lesional skin, focally in keratinocytes but to the greatest extent in the papillary dermis and to a lesser extent in clinically uninvolved psoriatic skin. Inducible nitric oxide synthase staining was greatest in the more severe lesions and correlated with the inflammatory infiltrate (CD3-positive cells) and with keratinocyte proliferation (Ki-67-positive cells). In normal skin, neuronal nitric oxide synthase was expressed only in keratinocytes in the granular layer and eccrine sweat glands. However, in psoriasis and clinically uninvolved skin the neuronal form was present through all levels of the epidermis. Direct measurement of nitric oxide production from the skin surface revealed a tenfold increase in the lesions of 16 psoriatic patients compared with their nonlesional skin, and this nitric oxide production was inhibited by topical betamethasone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 290 (1998), S. 233-239 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Key words Thrombomodulin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Factor XIIIa ; CD34 ; Dendrocyte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The various subsets of dermal cells with a dendritic appearance can be identified by phenotypic differences in cell markers. We report on the morphology and tissue distribution of dermal cells detected with a monoclonal antibody against thrombomodulin in histological sections of normal arm and scalp skin and psoriatic skin. Double staining with antibodies to factor XIIIa, CD34 and CD68 was also employed in scalp biopsies to elucidate the relationship between thrombomodulin+ dermal cells and dermal dendrocytes and macrophages described by others. Thrombomodulin+ dermal cells in normal arm skin had little cytoplasm with fine branched dendrites and tended to be localized just beneath the epidermis. In scalp skin these cells had longer, more numerous dendrites and were distributed in the papillae and perivascular adventitial dermis primarily in the upper and central reticular dermis. In psoriatic skin, thrombomodulin+ dermal cells had an increased cytoplasmic volume with stout, less branched dendrites and appeared in the papillae and among inflammatory cells. Dermal cells detectable by thrombomodulin expression were factor XIIIa–, CD34– and CD68–, and seemed to represent a distinct subset of dermal cells which may function in tissue repair. However, thrombomodulin+ dermal cells and factor XIIIa+ dendrocytes were frequently seen close together and could act cooperatively to regulate extravascular thrombin homeostasis in both normal and pathological dermal environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Key words Laminin ; Collagen ; Bullous pemphigoid ; Basement membrane ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Key words Growth factors ; Immunohistochemistry ; Angiogenesis ; Chronic venous insufficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Growth factors produced by a variety of cells act as signalling peptides through specific cell surface receptor pathways. Functions such as cell proliferation, migration and differentiation have been assigned to each of them. Here, we report alterations of platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFR-α) and beta (PDGFR-β) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression patterns in the progressive clinical stages of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). A total of 30 punch biopsies were taken from patients with CVI, and VEGF and PDGFR were detected by indirect immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques. PDGFR-α and PDGFR-β expression was strongly increased in endothelial cells of capillaries, pericapillary cells and connective tissue cells in the stroma of the skin of venous eczema and venous leg ulcer patients, and to a smaller extend in the dermis of those with lipodermatosclerosis. VEGF staining showed a similar expression pattern in the progressive CVI stages. However, staining of vessels in particular might simply reflect binding of VEGF, secreted by keratinocytes or fibroblasts, to its receptors. Growth factor and receptor expression in specimens from telangiectases and reticular veins, and from pigmented areas, resembled that of normal skin. We conclude that PDGFR-α, PDGFR-β and VEGF play an important role in mediating inflammation and epithelial hyperproliferation in venous eczema, inducing connective tissue sclerosis in lipodermatosclerosis, and causing the reduced reepithelialization tendency in venous ulcers. We speculate that endothelial proliferation with chronic venous hypertension might be mediated by these growth factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 46 (1998), S. 345-349 
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Key words Lung cancer ; p53 ; Autoantibody ; Immunohistochemistry ; Tumor markers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Mutated p53 proteins accumulate in the nuclei of tumor cells, and anti-p53 autoantibodies are found in the sera of patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). We analyzed the correlation among serum anti-p53 autoantibodies, immunohistochemical staining for p53, and clinical features (age, gender, smoking history, histological type, differentiation, stage, T factor, tumor size, and N factor) in resected non-small-cell lung carcinomas. A total of 62 cases of resected NSCLC were studied (43 men and 19 women; 33 adenocarcinomas, 21 squamous cell carcinomas, 8 large-cell carcinomas). Preoperative serum titers of anti-p53 autoantibodies were detected in 13/62 cases (21.0%). A correlation between histological type and positive titers of serum p53 autoantibodies was seen (large-cell carcinoma versus squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, P = 0.031, χ2-test). Out of 25 cases, 10 (40%) with positive immunohistochemical staining for p53 had positive titers, whereas 3 positive titers were found in 37 patients with negative immunohistochemical staining for p53 (P = 0.0025, χ2-test). Serum titers of anti-p53 autoantibodies were present in approximately 20% of the cases of NSCLC, and overexpression of p53 protein in tumor cells was detectable in approximately 40%. Serum anti-p53 autoantibodies may be a clinical parameter for the presence of p53 mutations and p53 overexpression in NSCLC patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Keywords: Key words Fat clearance ; Immunohistochemistry ; Colorectal carcinoma ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Afin d'évaluer la signification de micrométastases en relation avec le taux de survie, les pièces opératoires de 48 patients porteurs d'un cancer colorectal ont été analysées après clearance de la graisse périrectale. Le nombre et la taille des ganglions lymphatiques contenant des métastases et la signification de ces micrométastases en relation avec la survie des patients ont été déterminés. Nous avons trouvé que la majorité des métastases lymphatiques (71.8%) avaient 5 mm ou moins de diamètre et que leur taille n'avait pas d'effet sur la survie. Des colorations immunohistochimiques des ganglions lymphatiques ont révélé que 15 des 25 patients diagnostiqués comme présentant un cancer au stade B de Dukes sur des colorations de routine contenaient en fait des micrométastases et que 86% de celles-ci mesuraient moins de 5 mm de diamètre. La survie de ce sous-groupe a été considérablement plus mauvaise que celle de patients au stade B de Dukes sans micrométastases. Aucun des trois patients à un stade A de Dukes ne présentait de micrométastases. Etant donné que la plupart des métastases et micrométastases surviennent sur des ganglions lymphatiques de 5 mm et moins et que ces dernières peuvent aisément être méconnues lors d'examens de routine, nous proposons que la clearance de la graisse périrectale et une analyse immunohistochimique de routine des cancers au stade de Dukes B améliorent la prédiction de survie des patients opérés d'un cancer colorectal.
    Notes: Abstract To evaluate the significance of micrometastases in relation to survival rate, specimens from 48 colorectal carcinoma patients were analysed after fat clearance. The number and size of the lymph nodes harbouring metastases and the significance of micrometastases for patients' survival were assessed. We found that although the majority of metastatic lymph nodes (71.8%) were 5 mm or less in diameter, their size had no effect on survival. Immunohistochemical staining of lymph nodes revealed that 15 of 25 patients with Dukes' stage B diagnosed by routine staining had micrometastases, 86% of these lymph nodes being less than 5 mm in diameter. The survival rate of this subgroup was found to be considerably poorer than that of Dukes' stage B patients with no micrometastases. None of the three patients with Dukes' stage A carcinoma had micrometastases. Since most of the metastases and micrometastases occur in lymph nodes of 5 mm and less and can be easily missed by routine examination, we suggest that fat clearance and routine immunohistochemical analysis of Dukes' stage B improve the prediction of outcome of colorectal cancer patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Posterior hypothalamus ; Histamine ; Memory ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The tuberomammillary nucleus (TM) located in the posterior part of the hypothalamus is the main source of neuronal histamine in the central nervous system. Recent work from our laboratories has indicated an involvement of the TM region in neuronal plasticity and reinforcement processes. In the present study, we investigated the effects of TM lesions on the performance of adult and aged Wistar rats in a set of learning tasks, which differed in terms of complexity and reward contingencies (habituation learning, inhibitory avoidance, discrimination learning, Morris water maze). An improvement was found in every test applied, indicating that TM lesions seem to generally enhance learning and memory capacities independent of the special demands of a given task. Age-related learning deficits were strongly diminished. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the excitotoxic lesions used to destroy the TM region led to a marked decrease in the number of histamine-positive neurons in the vicinity of the injection site, indicating an involvement of the brain histaminergic system in the observed behavioral changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 118 (1998), S. 235-242 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Focal cerebral ischaemia ; Immunohistochemistry ; Microglia ; Astrocytes ; Spinal cord
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The response of microglia and astrocytes, as detected immunohistochemically by the monoclonal antibody OX-42 and anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) respectively, was studied in the rat lumbar spinal cord following focal cerebral ischaemia produced by permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) above the rhinal fissure. At 1 and 2 days after right-sided MCA occlusion, OX-42 immunoreactivity of microglia in both the contralateral dorsal and ventral horns of the lumbar spinal cord was moderately increased compared with cells of the ipsilateral side. The microglial reaction was progressive, with some cells transformed into amoeboid form considered to be macrophages at day 3. By 5 days, many of the reactive microglia, notably in the ventral horn, appeared to encircle the soma of motoneurons. At 7 days, the microglial reaction had subsided while astrocytes in the same area were hypertrophied to replace the perineuronal microglia. The microglial response in both the cerebral cortex and lumbar spinal cord was effectively reduced by the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, MK-801. Present results suggest that following MCA occlusion, the vigorous response of microglia, and subsequently astrocytes, in the spinal cord in extra-focal areas far removed from the primary site of ischaemia may be mediated by glutamate released from the ischaemic corticospinal neurons through NMDA receptors on the postsynaptic spinal cord neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...