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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 139 (1986), S. 266-274 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Keywords: [abr] ANP; atrial natriuretic peptide ; [abr] Bbr-cGMP; 8-bromo-cyclicGMP ; [abr] SNP; sodium nitroprusside ; [abr] TPA; 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate ; [abr] db-cAMP; dibuturyl-cyclicAMP
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    The @Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 40 (1991), S. 511-515+IN1-IN2 
    ISSN: 0960-0760
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 139 (1986), S. 266-274 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Keywords: [abr] ANP; atrial natriuretic peptide ; [abr] Bbr-cGMP; 8-bromo-cyclicGMP ; [abr] SNP; sodium nitroprusside ; [abr] TPA; 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate ; [abr] db-cAMP; dibuturyl-cyclicAMP
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 303 (1978), S. 15-20 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Diazoxide ; Propranolol ; Tachycardia ; Hypotension ; Hyperglycaemia ; Sympathetic reflex activation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In unanaesthetized rabbits, diazoxide was injected i.v. in doses of 6.25, 12.5, and 25.0 mg/kg. A dose-dependent fall in blood pressure occurred, while heart rate rose to nearly maximum levels already with the lowest dose. After the medium and the high dose, blood glucose concentration increased continuously within the observation period of 2 h, and plasma concentration of angiotensin II was about 10-fold normal after the same time. Propranolol in doses of 0.67, 2.0, and 6.0 mg/kg, given i.v. 15 min before diazoxide (12.5 mg/kg), had no effect on the hypotensive action of the latter, but inhibited the increase both in heart rate and in blood pressure. The initial rise in heart rate was partly inhibited by 2 mg/kg propranolol, but no further inhibition was obtained by the dose of 6 mg/kg. Blood glucose increase was abolished by 2 mg/kg and markedly suppressed by 6 mg/kg propranolol. Beta-adrenoceptor blockade also reduced the elevated plasma concentration of angiotensin II. It is concluded that the rise in heart rate induced by diazoxide is caused not only by sympathetic stimulation, but also by a direct action on the heart. Similarly, the increase in plasma angiotensin II concentration is in part induced by beta-adrenoceptor stimulation and in addition by a direct renal mechanism. On the other hand, the hyperglycaemic effect seems to depend predominantly upon the stimulation of beta-adrenoceptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 338 (1988), S. 327-331 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Angiotensinogen gene expression ; Solution hybridization ; pSPT18 Riboprobe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Angiotensin II has numerous biological effects in a hitherto unsuspected variety of tissues. The generation of angiotensin in tissue requires the local presence of its high molecular weight precursor angiotensinogen and is best tested by investigating angiotensinogen gene expression. A quantitative solution hybridization assay for rapid and sensitive measurement of angiotensinogen mRNA was therefore established to study the extrahepatic expression of the angiotensinogen gene. We used a 714 bases BamHI angiotensinogen cDNA fragment cloned into vector pSPT18 and developed a sensitive and rapid assay with a detection limit of 0.5 pg RNA. Quantification of angiotensinogen mRNA from male Sprague-Dawley rats resulted in the following tissue levels (n = 10 for all tissues, except pituitary where n = 5), was expressed as fg mRNA per jig total RNA, in descending order: liver (9950), hypothalamus (6050), midbrain (4450), brainstem (3950), total brain (2325), aorta (625), kidney (338), adrenal gland (170), and heart atrium (140). The high sensitivity of the assay in addition also allowed for the first time measurement of angiotensinogen mRNA in the low gene expression tissues pituitary (70), heart ventricle (30), and testis (30). This assay will allow detailed studies on the regulation of tissue angiotensinogen and the pathophysiological role of the tissue renin angiotensin systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In 7 female dogs a constriction of the left renal artery was performed according to the Goldblatt technique. Four to 6 weeks after the operation the blood pressure of the dogs was increased. The total renin activity and the osmolality in the urine from the ischemic kidney were enhanced when compared to the urine from the contralateral untouched kidney. The sodium excretion of the clamped kidney was diminished. These results suggest that determination of urine renin activity might be useful in split-renal function studies for the diagnosis of human renovascular hypertension.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei 7 weiblichen Hunden wurde mit einer Goldblatt-Klemme die linke Nierenarterie cingeengt. Der Blutdruck war 4–6 Wochen nach der Operation angestiegen. Im Urin der gedrosselten linken Niere fand sich eine niedrigere Natriumausscheidung als im Urin der rechten Niere. Die tierexperimentellen Untersuchungen lassen eine Bestimmung der Reninaktivität im Urin bei Patienten mit Verdacht auf eine hämodynamisch wirksame Nierenarterienstenose für sinnvoll erscheinen und könnten diagnostische Hinweise geben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Saralasin ; Angiotensin II ; Renin ; Rezeptoren ; Blutdruck ; Saralasin ; Angiotensin II ; Renin ; Receptors ; Blood pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A modification of the infusion test with saralasin, an angiotensin II antagonist for the detection of renin-dependent high blood pressure was studied in renal hypertensive rats and in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. Infusion was started at a rate of 0.01 µg/kg × min saralasin and the dose was increased ten-fold at 15 min intervals. A significant fall of diastolic blood pressure was observed at the dose of 0.1 µg/kg × min in renal hypertensive rats, in healthy subjects treated with diuretics, and in patients with renovascular hypertension (saralasin responders). Plasma concentrations of angiotensin I, angiotensin II and of saralasin as well as plasma renin activity were measured. At the lowest infusion rate of 0.01 µg/kg × min, saralasin plasma levels were 40-fold higher than plasma angiotensin II levels. The decrease in arterial blood pressure occurred at lower doses of saralasin than the increase of plasma renin due to inhibition of feedback on the renin secreting cells. It is concluded that if the saralasin test is performed by a stepwise increase of the infusion rate, potentially dangerous complications such as hypoor hypertensive reactions can be avoided. The diagnostic reliability is improved by such a procedure since false positive and false negative responses may be prevented. The pressor effect of saralasin in non-renin dependent patients is an advantage since it causes a more marked difference of blood pressure change between saralasin responders and non-responders.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ein verbesserter Test zur Diagnose Renin-abhängiger Bluthochdruckformen mit dem Angiotensin II Rezeptor Antagonisten Saralasin wurde in hypertensiven Ratten, sowie in normotensiven und hypertensiven Patienten geprüft. Kumulative intravenöse Dosen, beginnend mit 0,01 µg/kg × min Saralasin wurde alle 15 Minuten um das zehnfache gesteigert. Ein signifikanter Blutdruckabfall bei der Dosis von 0,1 µg/kg × min wurde bei Ratten mit renaler Hypertonie, bei Patienten mit renaler Hypertonie und bei Patienten nach Diuretika-Vorbehandlung gefunden. Plasmaspiegel von Angiotensin I, Angiotensin II, Plasma Renin Aktivität und Saralasin wurden gemessen. Bei der niedrigsten Infusionsrate von 0,01 µg/kg × min waren die Saralasin-Konzentrationen im Plasma 40fach höher als die Plasma Angiotensin II-Konzentrationen. Der Blutdruckabfall erfolgte bei niedrigeren Dosen von Saralasin als der Anstieg von Plasma-Renin als Folge einer Hemmung des feedbacks der Reninsekretion. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß Komplikationen wie schwerwiegende Blutdruckanstiege und -abfälle bei schrittweiser Erhöhung der Saralasin-Infusionsrate vermieden werden können; gleichzeitig wird die diagnostische Zuverlässigkeit des Tests erhöht. Der geringe Angiotensin-ähnliche, blutdrucksteigernde Effekt von Saralasin bei Patienten mit niedrigem Renin wird als Vorteil ausgenutzt und erhöht den Unterschied der Blutdruckantwort bei Patienten mit hohem Plasma-Renin und Blutdruckabfall nach Saralasin-Infusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Blutdruck ; Angiotensin II ; Propranolol ; Spontan hypertensive Ratten ; Gehirn ; Blood pressure ; Angiotensin II ; Propranolol ; Spontaneously hypertensive rats ; Brain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The blood pressure responses following infusions of angiotensin II (ANG II) into the brain ventricles (i.v.t.) have been tested in spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats and in normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WK) rats. The mean arterial blood pressure increases were significantly higher in SH rats than in WK rats. Propranolol treatment reduced blood pressure increases to i.v.t. ANG II in WK, but not in SH rats. The higher sensitivity to i.v.t. ANG II in SH rats supports a role of central ANG II in the maintenance of high blood pressure in SH rats.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Angiotensin II (ANG II) wurde spontan hypertensiven (SH) Ratten und normotensiven Wistar Kyoto (WK) Ratten in den lateralen Hirnventrikel (i.v.t.) infundiert. Der mittlere arterielle Blutdruck stieg bei den SH Ratten signifikant höher an als bei den normotensiven WK Ratten. Propranolol-Vorbehandlung reduzierte die Blutdruckanstiege nach i.v.t. ANG II Infusionen bei WK Ratten, nicht aber bei SH Ratten. Die höhere ANG II Empfindlichkeit der SH Raten bestätigt frühere Ergebnisse, die darauf hinweisen, daß zentrales ANG III an der Aufrechterhaltung des hohen Blutdruckes von SH Ratten beteiligt sein kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; Juxtaglomerular apparatus ; Renin ; Angiotensin ; Angiotensinogen ; Converting enzyme ; Immunzytochemie ; Juxtaglomerulärer Apparat ; Renin ; Angiotensin ; Angiotensinogen ; Converting enzyme
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die intrarenale Verteilung von Renin, Converting enzyme (CE) und Angiotensin II (ANG II) wurde mit immunzytochemischen Methoden an Ratten und Mäusen untersucht. Die hier aufgezeigten spezifischen Verteilungsmuster dieser Komponenten des Renin-Angiotensin-Systems (RAS) legen die Annahme nahe, daß es neben den bekannten systemischen, durch ANG II vermittelten Effekten des RAS auch lokale Interaktionen von RAS-Bestandteilen innerhalb der Niere gibt. — Eine erste Folge dieser Interaktionen dürfte die intrarenale Generation einer zusätzlichen Portion von ANG II im Nierenblutstrom sein, deren Zielgebiet durch die spezifische Lokalisation von CE in bestimmten Endothelbereichen der Nierenstrombahn bestimmt wird. Solche intrarenal-intravasalen Reaktionen können für sich wirksam werden, aber auch den Effekt von „systemisch“, d.h. prärenal generiertem ANG II verstärken. — Unsere Ergebnisse sprechen weiter dafür, daß es neben diesen intrarenal-intravasalen auch echte intrarenal-interstitielle Interaktionen der RAS-Komponenten gibt, deren Wirkung sich über das im Interstitium der Nierenrinde generierte ANG II allein auf die Niere beschränkt. Für das Vorhandensein eines solchen lokal-intrarenalen RAS spricht vor allem der Nachweis von ANG II in den epitheloiden Zellen des JGA und die Dissoziation des systemischen — an der Plasmakonzentration abzulesenden — Renin und ANG II von deren lokal-intrarenalen Konzentrationen bei renal hypertensiven Ratten.
    Notes: Summary The localization of renin, converting enzyme (CE) and angiotensin II (ANG II) in the kidneys of rats and mice was investigated with immunocytochemical methods. According to the presence and specific intrarenal localization of these components of the renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) our results suggest that in addition to the well known systemic effects of the RAS, there are interactions of its components inside the kidney. These interactions may lead to the generation of an extra portion of ANG II in the renal blood stream with its target cells determined by the localization of CE at the luminal side of well defined endothelial areas. These intrarenal-intravasal reactions may or may not reinforce the action of “systemic” ANG II, generated prerenally. In addition, the existence of true intrarenal-interstitial interactions, with the different components and actions of this intrarenal RAS restricted entirely to the kidney is suggested by our results, particularly the demonstration of ANG II within epitheloid cells and the dissociation of systemic renin and ANG II from their local concentrations in renal hypertensive rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 73 (1995), S. 1-3 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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