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  • 2005-2009  (67)
  • 1965-1969  (379)
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  • 1
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    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: Was Komplexität ist, weiß niemand so richtig. In vielen Wissenschaftsgebieten wird der Begriff Komplexität verwendet, überall mit etwas anderer Bedeutung. Mathematik und Informatik hab en eine eigene Theorie hierzu entwickelt: die Komplexitätstheorie. Sie stellt zwar grundlegende Begriffe bereit, aber leider sind die meisten wichtigen Fragestellungen noch ungelöst. Diese kurze Einführung konzentriert sich auf einen speziellen, aber bedeutenden Aspekt der Theorie: Lösbarkeit von Problemen in deterministischer und nichtdeterministischer polynomialer Zeit. Hinter der für Uneingeweihte etwas kryptischen Frage "P = NP?" verbirgt sich das derzeit wichtigste Problem der Komplexitätstheorie. Anhand dieser Fragestellung werden einige Aspekte der Theorie erläutert und formell erklärt, was "P = NP?" bedeutet. Es geht nicht nur um komplizierte algorithmische Mathematik und Informatik, sondern um grundsätzliche Fragen unserer Lebensumwelt. Kann man vielleicht beweisen, dass es für viele Probleme unseres Alltags keine effizienten Lösungsmethoden gibt?
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Materialart: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: This report combines the contributions to INOC 2005 (Wessälly et al., 2005) and DRCN 2005 (Gruber et al., 2005). A new integer linear programming model for the end-to-end survivability concept deman d-wise shared protection (DSP) is presented. DSP is based on the idea that backup capacity is dedicated to a particular demand, but shared within a demand. It combines advantages of dedicated and shared protection: It is more cost-efficient than dedicated protection and operationally easier than shared protection. In a previous model for DSP, the number of working and backup paths to be configured for a particular demand has been an input parameter; in the more general model for DSP investigated in this paper, this value is part of the decisions to take. To use the new DSP model algorithmically, we suggest a branch-and-cut approach which employs a column generation procedure to deal with the exponential number of routing variables. A computational study to compare the new resilience mechanism DSP with dedicated and shared path protection is performed. The results for five realistic network planning scenarios reveal that the best solutions for DSP are on average 15\% percent better than the corresponding 1+1 dedicated path protection solutions, and only 15\% percent worse than shared path protection.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-03-11
    Beschreibung: Die Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records, kurz FRBR, sind eine Empfehlung der International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) von 1998 zur Neustrukturierung von Bibliothekskatalogen. Mit den FRBR wird ein logisches Denkmodell für bibliografische Beschreibungen vorgelegt. Die Diskussion über dieses Modell befindet sich im deutschsprachigen Raum - anders als im angloamerikanischen - noch in den Anfängen. Dem möchte dieser Aufsatz entgegen wirken, indem die Frage gestellt wird, inwieweit sich die logisch gedachten FRBR-Einheiten in den existierenden Daten wieder finden lassen. Dazu werden die Entitäten mit den dazugehörigen Attributen dem in der Bibliothekswelt Deutschlands und Österreichs üblichen MAB-Format (Maschinelles Austauschformat für Bibliotheken) gegenübergestellt und auf ihre Kompatibilität hin untersucht. Die Autoren sind Mitglieder der überregionalen {\glqq}Expertengruppe Datenformate{\grqq}, in der Formatfragen, die das Bibliothekswesen betreffen, diskutiert werden, insbesondere aber das MAB-Format gepflegt wird.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Materialart: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-03-09
    Beschreibung: In this paper we consider a simple variant of the Online Dial-a-Ride Problem from a probabilistic point of view. To this end, we look at a probabilistic version of this online Dial-a-Ride problem and introduce a probabilistic notion of the competitive ratio which states that an algorithm performs well on the vast majority of the instances. Our main result is that under the assumption of high load a certain online algorithm is probabilistically $(1+o(1))$-competitive if the underlying graph is a tree. This result can be extended to general graphs by using well-known approximation techniques at the expense of a distortion factor~$O(\log\|V\|)$.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-03-10
    Beschreibung: The identification of metastable conformations of molecules plays an important role in computational drug design. One main difficulty is the fact that the underlying dynamic processes take place in high dimensional spaces. Although the restriction of degrees of freedom to a few dihedral angles significantly reduces the complexity of the problem, the existing algorithms are time-consuming. They are based on the approximation of transition probabilities by an extensive sampling of states according to the Boltzmann distribution. We present a method which can identify metastable conformations without sampling the complete distribution. Our algorithm is based on local transition rates and uses only pointwise information about the potential energy surface. In order to apply the cluster algorithm PCCA+, we compute a few eigenvectors of the rate matrix by the Jacobi-Davidson method. Interpolation techniques are applied to approximate the thermodynamical weights of the clusters. The concluding example illustrates our approach for epigallocatechine, a molecule which can be described by seven dihedral angles.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: Zahlreiche lokale, nationale und internationale Informationsportale existieren mit zum Teil gleichen Angeboten und Dienstleistungen nebeneinander. Da der Aufbau und Betrieb von Portalen kostspielig ist, sollten die einzelnen Dienstleistungen abgestimmt und sinnvoll untereinander vernetzt werden. Für eine solch anzustrebende Kooperation unter Portalen ist es notwendig, ein jeweils eigenes Portalprofil zu definieren, um bei einer Gegenüberstellung der Profile die Abgrenzungen und Verknüpfungspunkte deutlich werden zu lassen. Die KOBV-Zentrale möchte mit der Profilbeschreibung des KOBV-Portals beginnen und so die eigenen Angebote des regionalen Portals mit denen anderer auf sinnvolle Weise verknüpfen. Für diese Positionsbestimmung werden die Dienstleistungen, die Zielgruppe, die Kriterien für die Ressourcenauswahl sowie die Abgrenzung zu anderen Portalen dargelegt.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Materialart: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 7
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-08-05
    Beschreibung: Conflict analysis for infeasible subproblems is one of the key ingredients in modern SAT solvers to cope with large real-world instances. In contrast, it is common practice for today's mixed integer programming solvers to just discard infeasible subproblems and the information they reveal. In this paper we try to remedy this situation by generalizing the SAT infeasibility analysis to mixed integer programming. We present heuristics for branch-and-cut solvers to generate valid inequalities from the current infeasible subproblem and the associated branching information. SAT techniques can then be used to strengthen the resulting cuts. We performed computational experiments which show the potential of our method: On feasible MIP instances, the number of required branching nodes was reduced by 50\% in the geometric mean. However, the total solving time increased by 15\%. on infeasible MIPs arising in the context of chip verification, the number of nodes was reduced by 90\%, thereby reducing the solving time by 60\%.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: We provide conditions for convergence of polyhedral surfaces and their discrete geometric properties to smooth surfaces embedded in Euclidian $3$-space. The notion of totally normal convergence is shown to be equivalent to the convergence of either one of the following: surface area, intrinsic metric, and Laplace-Beltrami operators. We further s how that totally normal convergence implies convergence results for shortest geodesics, mean curvature, and solutions to the Dirichlet problem. This work provides the justification for a discrete theory of differential geometric operators defined on polyhedral surfaces based on a variational formulation.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-12-15
    Beschreibung: The line planning problem is one of the fundamental problems in strategic planning of public and rail transport. It consists in finding lines and corresponding frequencies in a transport network such that a given travel demand can be satisfied. There are (at least) two objectives. The transport company wishes to minimize operating costs, the passengers want to minimize travel times. We propose a n ew multi-commodity flow model for line planning. Its main features, in comparison to existing models, are that the passenger paths can be freely routed and that the lines are generated dynamically. We discuss properties of this model and investigate its complexity. Results with data for the city of Potsdam, Germany, are reported.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 10
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    Unbekannt
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-10-24
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Materialart: annualzib , doc-type:report
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  • 11
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    Unbekannt
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: Im Rahmen des klassischen Information Retrieval wurden verschiedene Verfahren für das Ranking sowie die Suche in einer homogenen strukturlosen Dokumentenmenge entwickelt. Die Erfolge der Suchmas chine Google haben gezeigt, dass die Suche in einer zwar inhomogenen aber zusammenhängenden Dokumentenmenge wie dem Internet unter Berücksichtigung der Dokumentenverbindungen (Links) sehr ef fektiv sein kann. Unter den von der Suchmaschine Google realisierten Konzepten ist ein Verfahren zum Ranking von Suchergebnissen (PageRank), das in diesem Artikel kurz erklärt wird. % Darüber hinaus wird auf die Konzepte eines Systems namens CiteSeer eingegangen, welches automatisch bibliographische Angaben indexiert (engl. \glqq Autonomous Citation Indexing\grqq, ACI). Letzteres erzeugt aus einer Menge von nicht-vernetzten wissenschaftlichen Dokumenten eine zusammenhängende Dokumentenmenge und ermöglicht den Einsatz von Ranking-Verfahren, die auf den von Google genutzten Verfahren basieren.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 12
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-01-29
    Beschreibung: A thorough convergence analysis of the Control Reduced Interior Point Method in function space is performed. This recently proposed method is a primal interior point pathfollowing scheme with the special feature, that the control variable is eliminated from the optimality system. Apart from global linear convergence we show, that this method converges locally almost quadratically, if the optimal solution satisfies a function space analogue to a non-degeneracy condition. In numerical experiments we observe, that a prototype implementation of our method behaves in compliance with our theoretical results.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 13
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    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: The use of point sets instead of meshes became more popular during the last years. We present a new method for anisotropic fairing of a point sampled surface using an anisotropic geometric mean curvature flow. The main advantage of our approach is that the evolution removes noise from a point set while it detects and enhances geometric features of the surface such as edges and corners. We derive a shape operator, principal curvature properties of a point set, and an anisotropic Laplacian of the surface. This anisotropic Laplacian reflects curvature properties which can be understood as the point set analogue of Taubin's curvature-tensor for polyhedral surfaces. We combine these discrete tools with techniques from geometric diffusion and image processing. Several applications demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of our method.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 14
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-12-15
    Beschreibung: In this paper we introduce the fare planning problem for public transport which consists in designing a system of fares maximizing revenue. We propose a new simple general model for this problem. It i s based on a demand function and constraints for the different fares. The constraints define the structure of the fare system, e.g., distance dependent fares or zone fares. We discuss a simple example with a quadratic demand function and distance dependent fares. Then we introduce a more realistic discrete choice model in which passengers choose between different alternatives depending on the numb er of trips per month. We demonstrate the examples by computational experiments.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 15
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-12-15
    Beschreibung: Can OR methods help the public transport industry to break even? The article gives evidence that there exist significant potentials in this direction, which can be harnessed by a combination of modern mathematical methods and local planning knowledge. Many of the planning steps in public transport are classical combinatorial problems, which can be solved in unprecedented size and quality due the rapid progress in large-scale optimization. Three examples on vehicle scheduling, duty scheduling, and integrated vehicle and duty scheduling illustrate the level that has been reached and the improvements that can be achieved today. Extensions of such methods to further questions of strategic, online, and market-oriented planning are currently investigated. In this way, OR can make a significant contribution to answer the basic but extremely difficult question ``What is a good public transport network?.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 16
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-09
    Beschreibung: Laplace transforms which admit a holomorphic extension to some sector strictly containing the right half plane and exhibiting a potential behavior are considered. A spectral order, parallelizable method for their numerical inversion is proposed. The method takes into account the available information about the errors arising in the evaluations. Several numerical illustrations are provided.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 17
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-03-09
    Beschreibung: The airline crew scheduling problem deals with the construction of crew rotations in order to cover the flights of a given schedule at minimum cost. The problem involves complex rules for the legality and costs of individual pairings and base constraints for the availability of crews at home bases. A typical instance considers a planning horizon of one month and several thousand flights. We propose a column generation approach for solving airline crew scheduling problems that is based on a set partitioning model. We discuss algorithmic aspects such as the use of bundle techniques for the fast, approximate solution of linear programs, a pairing generator that combines Lagrangean shortest path and callback techniques, and a novel rapid branching'' IP heuristic. Computational results for a number of industrial instances are reported. Our approach has been implemented within the commercial crew scheduling system NetLine/Crew of Lufthansa Systems Berlin GmbH.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 18
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-03-10
    Beschreibung: The complexity of molecular kinetics can be reduced significantly by a restriction to metastable conformations which are almost invariant sets of molecular dynamical systems. With the Robust Perron Cl uster Analysis PCCA+, developed by Weber and Deuflhard, we have a tool available which can be used to identify these conformations from a transition probability matrix. This method can also be applied to the corresponding transition rate matrix which provides important information concerning transition pathways of single molecules. In the present paper, we explain the relationship between these tw o concepts and the extraction of conformation kinetics from transition rates. Moreover, we show how transition rates can be approximated and conclude with numerical examples.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 19
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-03-09
    Beschreibung: Die Autoren schreiben dieses Papier aus der eingeschränkten Sicht der Mathematik und der Informationstechnik. Um den speziellen Beitrag dieser Disziplinen überhaupt diskutieren zu können, sehen wir uns jedoch gezwungen, einen Rahmen abzustecken, den wir für das Jahr 2020 vorhersehen -- nach Wahrscheinlichkeit und aus unserem engeren fachlichen Blickwinkel. Vorab bitten wir schon einmal bei den medizinischen Fachleuten um Nachsicht, wenn wir uns in ihrem Revier allzu dillettantisch bewegen. Vielleicht fördert aber auch unser eingeschränkter Blickwinkel ansonsten unbedachte Aspekte zutage -- das hoffen wir zumindest.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 20
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: We consider nonlinear, scaling-invariant $N=1$ boson$+$fermion supersymmetric systems whose right-hand sides are homogeneous differential polynomials and satisfy some natural assumptions. We select the super-systems that admit infinitely many higher symmetries generated by recursion operators; we further restrict ourselves to the case when the dilaton dimensions of the bosonic and fermionic super-fields coincide and the weight of the time is half the weight of the spatial variable. We discover five systems that satisfy these assumptions; one system is transformed to the purely bosonic Burgers equation. We construct local, nilpotent, triangular, weakly non-local, and super-recursion operators for their symmetry algebras.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 21
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-12-15
    Beschreibung: We present a branch-and-cut algorithm for the NP-hard maximum feasible subsystem problem: For a given infeasible linear inequality system, determine a feasible subsystem containing as many inequalities as possible. The complementary problem, where one has to remove as few inequalities as possible in order to render the system feasible, can be formulated as a set covering problem. The rows of this formulation correspond to irreducible infeasible subsystems, which can be exponentially many. The main issue of a branch-and-cut algorithm for MaxFS is to efficiently find such infeasible subsystems. We present three heuristics for the corresponding NP-hard separation problem and discuss further cutting planes. This paper contains an extensive computational study of our implementation on a variety of instances arising in a number of applications.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 22
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: New evolutionary supersymmetric systems whose right-hand sides are homogeneous differential polynomials and which possess infinitely many higher symmetries are constructed. Their intrinsic geometry (symmetries, conservation laws, recursion operators, Hamiltonian structures, and exact solutions) is analyzed by using algebraic methods. A supersymmetric $N=1$ representation of the Burgers equation is obtained. An $N=2$ KdV-component system that reduces to the Burgers equation in the diagonal $N=1$ case $\theta^1=\theta^2$ is found; the $N=2$ Burgers equation admits and $N=2$ modified KdV symmetry. A one\/-\/parametric family of $N=0$ super\/-\/systems that exte nd the Burgers equation is described; we relate the systems within this family with the Burgers equation on associative algebras. A supersymmetric boson$+$fermion representation of the dispersionless Boussinesq equation is investigated. We solve this equation explicitly and construct its integrable deformation that generates two infinite sequences of the Hamiltonians. The Boussinesq equation with dispersion is embedded in a one-parametric family of two-component systems with dissipation. We finally construct a three-parametric supersymmetric system that incorporates the Boussinesq equation with dispersion and dissipation but never retracts to it for any values of the parameters.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 23
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-11-10
    Beschreibung: In this paper we present a new technique for computing lower bounds for graph treewidth. Our technique is based on the fact that the treewidth of a graph $G$ is the maximum order of a bramble of $G$ minus one. We give two algorithms: one for general graphs, and one for planar graphs. The algorithm for planar graphs is shown to give a lower bound for both the treewidth and branchwidth that is at most a constant factor away from the optimum. For both algorithms, we report on extensive computational experiments that show that the algorithms give often excellent lower bounds, in particular when applied to (close to) planar graphs.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 24
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-11-13
    Beschreibung: Seit einigen Jahren lizenzieren Bibliotheken mit erheblichem finanziellen Aufwand elektronische Zeitschriften. Anders als bei einer Papierausgabe ist der dauerhafte Zugriff auf die bezahlten Dokumente allerdings nicht garantiert: Die e-Zeitschriften liegen auf dem Verlagsserver, und der Verlag schaltet den Zugriff (meist IP-Range des Campus) auf seinem Server frei. Wird der Zugriff von Verlagsseite abgeschaltet, erlöschen sämtliche Zugriffsrechte, auch auf die in der Vergangenheit lizenzierten und bezahlten Zeitschriften. Auf die neuen Abonnementbedingungen hat das Friedrich-Althoff-Konsortium (FAK) reagiert und in seinen Vertr"agen den Erwerb der Archivdaten beim Auslaufen eines Vertrages festgeschrieben. Im Rahmen eines Projektes baut die KOBV-Zentrale einen Zeitschriftenserver auf, um den Zugriff auf die lizenzierten elektronischen Zeitschriften auch nach Ablauf der Lizenzverträge zu gewährleisten. Den Grundstock bilden die vom FAK in den Jahren 1997-2003 lizenzierten elektronischen Zeitschriften der Verlage Kluwer Academic Press, Springer und Elsevier - ein Volumen von rund 1.600 Zeitschriftentiteln mit knapp 1.400.000 Artikeln. Beim Aufbau des Zeitschriftenservers kommt der vertraglich-organisatorischen Komponente eine ebenso wichtige Rolle zu wie der technischen Realisierung. Hier hat die KOBV-Zentrale ein transparentes Verfahren konzipiert und umgesetzt, um für die Verlage die notwendige Vertrauensbasis zu schaffen und gleichzeitig den Einrichtungen ihren berechtigten Zugriff auf die Zeitschriften-Volltexte zu sichern. Die Zeitschriftenartikel werden sowohl im Rahmen des KOBV-Volltextservers, einem neuen Internet-Dienst der KOBV-Zentrale, zugänglich gemacht - volltext-indiziert mit der Suchmaschine Swish-e - als auch integriert in die Metadatensuche und den Open-Linking-Dienst des KOBV-Portals. Während die Metadatenrecherche und die Sicht auf die Abstracts für alle offen sind, ist der Zugriff auf die Artikel-Volltexte auf die an den Verträgen beteiligten Einrichtungen beschränkt. Dazu wurde ein Authentifizierungsverfahren auf der Basis von IP-Ranges eingerichtet. Der vorliegende Text ist die schriftliche Fassung eines gleichnamigen Vortrages auf der ASpB-Tagung 2005 \glqq Spezialbibliotheken zwischen Auftrag und Ressourcen{\grqq} der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Spezialbibliotheken, die vom 06.-09. September 2005 in der Technischen Universität München stattfand.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 25
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: In diesem Bericht wurden Erfahrungen mit der Suchmaschine FAST im Rahmen des Projektes Verteilter Contentspeicher sowie die Suchmaschine FAST beschrieben. Das Ziel des Projektes Verteilter Contentspeicher war die Speicherung, Erschließung und das Angebot der digitalen Bestände der Journale und Dokumente der KOBV-Bibliotheken zu ermöglichen. Die Eignung der Suchmaschine FAST für das Projektvorhaben wurde systematisch und gründlich getestet, indem verschiedene Dokumentmengen mit FAST indexiert wurden.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 26
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-11
    Beschreibung: The thesis deals with the implementation and application of out-of-the-box tools in linear and mixed integer programming. It documents the lessons learned and conclusions drawn from five years of implementing, maintaining, extending, and using several computer codes to solve real-life industrial problems. By means of several examples it is demonstrated how to apply algebraic modeling languages to rapidly devise mathematical models of real-world problems. It is shown that today's MIP solvers are capable of solving the resulting mixed integer programs, leading to an approach that delivers results very quickly. Even though, problems are tackled that not long ago required the implementation of specialized branch-and-cut algorithms. In the first part of the thesis the modeling language Zimpl is introduced. Chapter 2 contains a complete description of the language. In the subsequent chapter details of the implementation are described. Both theoretical and practical considerations are discussed. Aspects of software engineering, error prevention, and detection are addressed. In the second part several real-world projects are examined that employed the methodology and the tools developed in the first part. Chapter 4 presents three projects from the telecommunication industry dealing with facility location problems. Chapter 5 characterizes questions that arise in UMTS planning. Problems, models, and solutions are discussed. Special emphasis is put on the dependency of the precision of the input data and the results. Possible reasons for unexpected and undesirable solutions are explained. Finally, the Steiner tree packing problem in graphs, a well-known hard combinatorial problem, is revisited. A formerly known, but not yet used model is applied to combine switchbox wire routing and via minimization. All instances known from the literature are solved by this approach, as are some newly generated bigger problem instances.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doctoralthesis , doc-type:doctoralThesis
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  • 27
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: We develop and experimentally compare policies for the control of a system of $k$ elevators with capacity one in a transport environment with $\ell$ floors, an idealized version of a pallet elevator system in a large distribution center of the Herlitz PBS AG in Falkensee. Each elevator in the idealized system has an individual waiting queue of infinite capacity. On each floor, requests arrive over time in global waiting queues of infinite capacity. The goal is to find a policy that, without any knowledge about future requests, assigns an elevator to each req uest and a schedule to each elevator so that certain expected cost functions (e.g., the average or the maximal flow times) are minimized. We show that a reoptimization policy for minimizing average sq uared waiting times can be implemented to run in real-time ($1\,s$) using dynamic column generation. Moreover, in discrete event simulations with Poisson input it outperforms other commonly used polic ies like multi-server variants of greedy and nearest neighbor.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 28
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: A method based on infinite parameter conservation laws is described to factor linear differential operators out of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) or out of differential consequences of nonlinear PDEs. This includes a complete linearization to an equivalent linear PDE (-system) if that is possible. Infinite parameter conservation laws can be computed, for example, with the computer algebra package {\sc ConLaw}.
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    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 29
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-03-11
    Beschreibung: Motivated by recent work on integrable flows of curves and 1+1 dimensional sigma models, several $O(N)$-invariant classes of hyperbolic equations $Utx=f(U,Ut,Ux)$ for an $N$-component vector $U(t,x)$ are considered. In each class we find all scaling-homogeneous equations admitting a higher symmetry of least possible scaling weight. Sigma model interpretations of these equations are presented.
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    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 30
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: Quadratic Hamiltonians with a linear Lie-Poisson bracket have a number of applications in mechanics. For example, the Lie-Poisson bracket $e(3)$ includes the Euler-Poinsot model describing motion of a rigid body around a fixed point under gravity and the Kirchhoff model describes the motion of a rigid body in ideal fluid. Advances in computer algebra algorithms, in implementations and hardware, together allow the computation of Hamiltonians with higher degree first integrals providing new results in the search for integrable models. A computer algebra module enabling related computations in a 3-dimensional vector formalism is described.
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    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 31
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-09
    Beschreibung: We give an algorithm to compute $N$ steps of a convolution quadrature approximation to a continuous temporal convolution using only $O(N\, \log N)$ multiplications and $O(\log N)$ active memory. The method does not require evaluations of the convolution kernel, but instead $O(\log N)$ evaluations of its Laplace transform, which is assumed sectorial. The algorithm can be used for the stable numerical solution with quasi-optimal complexity of linear and nonlinear integral and integro-differential equations of convolution type. In a numerical example we apply it to solve a subdiffusion equation with transparent boundary conditions.
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    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 32
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: We describe a prototypical framework that further automates system management by composing complex management tasks from elementary actions, and executing composite tasks with feedback-awareness. {\sl FEEDBACKFLOW} implements a general closed control loop of \emph{planning - execution - result validation - replanning}, and generates workflows of system management actions in an adaptive manner. System-dependent behaviour of the loop is specified by declarative description of the domain (essentially descriptions of available actions), and statement of the goal. We evaluate the design of this framework on examples taken from resource construction in Utility Computing environments, and discuss the challenges we have encountered. Our implementation utilizes external components such as \emph{MBP}, a \emph{PDDL}-conform planner, and \emph{Triana}, a workflow specification and execution framework. An alternative approach involving \emph{BPEL4WS} is discussed.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 33
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: For a real world problem --- transporting pallets between warehouses in order to guarantee sufficient supply for known and additional stochastic demand --- we propose a solution approach via convex relaxation of an integer programming formulation, suitable for online optimization. The essential new element linking routing and inventory management is a convex piecewise linear cost function that is based on minimizing the expected number of pallets that still need transportation. For speed, the convex relaxation is solved approximately by a bundle approach yielding an online schedule in 5 to 12 minutes for up to 3 warehouses and 40000 articles; in contrast, computation times of state of the art LP-solvers are prohibitive for online application. In extensive numerical experiments on a real world data stream, the approximate solutions exhibit negligible loss in quality; in long term simulations the proposed method reduces the average number of pallets needing transportation due to short term demand to less than half the number observed in the data stream.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 34
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: This paper introduces a new algorithm of conformational analysis based on mesh-free methods as described in [M. Weber. Mehless methods in Conformation Dynamics.(2005)]. The adaptive decomposition of the conformational space by softly limiting functions avoids trapping effects and allows adaptive refinement strategies. These properties of the algorithm makes ZIBgridfree particularly suitable for the complete exploration of high-dimensional conformational space. The adaptive control of the algorithm benefits from the tight integration of molecular simulation and conformational analysis. An emphasized part of the analysis is the Robust Perron Cluster Analysis (PCCA+) based on the work of Peter Deuflhard and Marcus Weber. PCCA+ supports an almost-characteristic cluster definition with an outstanding mapping of transition states. The outcome is expressed by the metastable sets of conformations, their thermodynamic weights and flexibility.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 35
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-08-05
    Beschreibung: This paper reports on the fourth version of the Mixed Integer Programming Library. Since ({\sc miplib}) is to provide a concise set of challenging problems, it became necessary to purge instances that became too easy. We present an overview of the 27 new problems and statistical data for all 60 instances.
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    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 36
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-02-01
    Beschreibung: Der Artikel beschreibt ein mathematisches Optimierungssystem zur Betriebsplanung in großen Wassernetzen, das bei den Berliner Wasserbetrieben eingesetzt wird. Für das Berliner Versorgungsnetz werden Optimierungsergebnisse vorgestellt.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 37
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: \\ Zusammenfassung: Der Kooperative Bibliotheksverbund Berlin-Brandenburg (KOBV) betreibt für das KOBV-Portal einen Austausch von Beschreibungen zu elektronischen Ressourcen (Metadaten), der zwisc zwischen verschiedenen Informationsportalen in der Region durchgeführt wird. Die unterschiedlichen Informationsportale verwenden verschiedene Metadaten-Schemata und Austausch-Formate für ihre Ressourcebeschreibungen. Um die Heterogenität der Metadaten zu überwinden, wurde der KOBV-Metadaten-Austausch-Parser (KMA-Parser) entwickelt. Andere Metadaten-Schemata werden auf das KOBV-Metadaten-Schema abgebildet. Der KMA-Parser führt gegebenenfalls eine Format-Transformation durch, konvertiert die Inhalte einzelner Elemente über Konkordanzen und erzeugt neue Metadaten-Elemente aus vorhandenen Feldern. Er validiert den Inhalt auf Vollständigkeit und steuert den Austausch der Metadaten zwischen den Portalen. Der Umwandlungsprozess funktioniert jedoch nicht nur in die Richtung des KOBV-Portals, sondern auch in die entgegengesetzte Richtung. Der Artikel beschreibt die einzelnen Vorgänge im KMA-Parser und schildert die Erfahrungen im Umgang mit der Heterogenität von Metadaten. Die gewonnenen Erfahrungen verweisen auf grundlegende Perspektiven in der universellen Zusammenarbeit von Informationsanbietern und -providern.The Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund Berlin-Brandenburg (KOBV) has built a framework for a bi-directional exchange workflow of electronic resourcesÆ descriptions (metadata) between the KOBV Portal and other Information Portals in the region. The Information Portals use different exchange formats, metadata schemata and controlled vocabularies for their descriptions of resources. In order to overcome this metadata heterogeneity, an application, the KOBV Metadata Exchange Parser (KMA-Parser), has been developed. The KMA-Parser maps the local portalsÆ metadata schemata into the metadata schema of the KOBV Portal. If necessary, it transforms the exchange format, converts contents of individual elements by means roduces new metadata elements on the basis of existent elements. It checks elementsÆ contents on completeness and controls the metadata exchange between the portals. However, the transformation process takes place not only towards the KOBV Portal, but al so vice versa. The article describes the individual processes in the KMA Parser and depicts the experiences in handling the metadataÆs heterogeneity. The experiences gathered give an idea of the prospects for a universal cooperation between information suppliers and providers.
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    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 38
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-01-22
    Beschreibung: \newcommand{\chordsharp}{Chord$^\##$} Data lookup is a fundamental problem in peer-to-peer systems: Given a key, find the node that stores the associated object. Chord and other P2P algorithms use distributed hash tables (DHTs) to distribute the keys and nodes evenly across a logical ring. Using an efficient routing strategy, DHTs provide a routing performance of $O (\log N)$ in networks of $N$ nodes. While the routing performance has been shown to be optimal, the uniform key distribution makes it impossible for DHTs to support range queries. For range queries, consecutive keys must be stored on lo gically neighboring nodes. In this paper, we present an enhancement of Chord that eliminates the hash function while keeping the same routing performance. The resulting algorithm, named \chordsharp{}, provides a richer function ality while maintaining the same complexity. In addition to Chord, \chordsharp{} adapts to load imbalance.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 39
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-01-29
    Beschreibung: This paper is concerned with the sensitivities of function space oriented interior point approximations in parameter dependent problems. For an abstract setting that covers control constrained optimal control problems, the convergence of interior point sensitivities to the sensitivities of the optimal solution is shown. Error bounds for $L_q$ norms are derived and illustrated with numerical examples.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 40
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-08-05
    Beschreibung: We present an approach to implement an auction of railway slots. Railway network, train driving characteristics, and safety requirements are described by a simplified, but still complex macroscopic model. In this environment, slots are modelled as combinations of scheduled track segments. The auction design builds on the iterative combinatorial auction. However, combinatorial bids are restricted to some types of slot bundles that realize positive synergies between slots. We present a bidding language that allows bidding for these slot bundles. An integer programming approach is proposed to solve the winner determination problem of our auction. Computational results for auction simulations in the Hannover-Fulda-Kassel area of the German railway network give evidence that auction approaches can induce a more efficient use of railway capacity.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 41
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: Das Travelling-Salesman-Problem (TSP) ist das am intensivsten untersuchte kombinatorische Optimierungsproblem. In diesem Abschnitt wird eine Einführung in das TSP gegeben. Es werden Problemstellungen erläutert, Anwendungen skizziert und einige Schwierigkeiten bei der korrekten Modellierung der Zielfunktion dargelegt. Es ist gar nicht so klar, was in einem konkreten Problem die wirkliche Entfernung ist. Exakte und approximative Lösungsverfahren werden an Beispielen skizziert, und es wird angedeutet, dass man, obwohl TSPs zu den theoretisch schweren Problemen zählen, in der Praxis TSPs von atemberaubender Größe lösen kann.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 42
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: Mit der Installation des neuen Hochleistungsrechners für die norddeutschen Länder (HLRN) steht den Wissenschaftlern ein außergewöhnlich leistungsfähiges System zur Verfügung. Durch die Verteilung der Rechenelemente auf zwei verschiedene Standorte in Berlin (ZIB) und Hannover (RRZN) entstehen jedoch auch neue Herausforderungen für den Betrieb und die effiziente Nutzung des Rechners. Inhalt dieses Projektes ist die Erforschung und Lösung der durch die Verteilung des Systems hervorgerufenen Probleme (z.B. Scheduling, Kommunikation, I/O). Es werden effiziente Lösungen zur Bereitstellung eines virtuellen, hoch-performanten und transparenten Systems entwickelt, die auf vergleichbare Installationen übertragbar sind.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 43
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-11-10
    Beschreibung: We study the complexity of two Inverse Shortest Paths (ISP) problems with integer arc lengths and the requirement for uniquely determined shortest paths. Given a collection of paths in a directed graph, the task is to find positive integer arc lengths such that the given paths are uniquely determined shortest paths between their respective terminals. The first problem seeks for arc lengths that minimize the length of the longest of the prescribed paths. In the second problem, the length of the longest arc is to be minimized. We show that it is $np-hard$ to approximate the minimal longest path length within a factor less than $8/7$ or the minimal longest arc length within a factor less than $9/8$. This answers the (previously) open question whether these problems are $np-hard$ or not. We also present a simple algorithm that achieves an $\mathcal{O}(|V|)$-approximation guarantee for both variants. Both ISP problems arise in the planning of telecommunication networks with shortest path routing protocols. Our results imply that it is $\mathcal{NP}$-hard to decide whether a given path set can be realized with a real shortest path routing protocol such as OSPF, IS-IS, or RIP.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 44
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: We perform a classification of integrable systems of mixed scalar and vector evolution equations with respect to higher symmetries. We consider polynomial systems that are homogeneous under a suitable weighting of variables. This paper deals with the KdV weighting, the Burgers (or potential KdV or modified KdV) weighting, the Ibragimov--Shabat weighting and two unfamiliar weightings. The case of other weightings will be studied in a subsequent paper. Making an ansatz for undetermined coefficients and using a computer package for solving bilinear algebraic systems, we give the complete lists of $2^{\mbox{\scriptsize nd }}$order systems with a $3^{\mbox{\scriptsize rd }}$order or a $4^{\mbox{\scriptsize th }}$order symmetry and $3^{\mbox{\scriptsize rd }}$order systems with a $5^{\mbox{\scriptsize th }}$order symmetry. For all but a few systems in the lists, we show that the system (or, at least a subsystem of it) admits either a Lax representation or a linearizing transformation. A thorough comparison with recent work of Foursov and Olver is made.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 45
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: The result after $N$ steps of an implicit Runge-Kutta time discretization of an inhomogeneous linear parabolic differential equation is computed, up to accuracy $\varepsilon$, by solving only $$O\Big(\log N\, \log \frac1\varepsilon \Big) $$ linear systems of equations. We derive, analyse, and numerically illustrate this fast algorithm.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 46
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-11-13
    Beschreibung: In this paper, we study wavelength assignment problems in multi-fiber WDM networks. We focus on the special case that all lightpaths have at most two links. This in particular holds in case the network topology is a star. As the links incident to a specific node in a meshed topology form a star subnetwork, results for stars are also of interest for general meshed topologies. We show that wavelength assignment with at most two links per lightpath can be modeled as a generalized edge coloring problem. By this relation, we show that for a network with an even number of fibers at all links and at most two links per lightpath, all lightpaths can be assigned a wavelength without conversion. Moreover, we derive a lower bound on the number of lightpaths to be converted for networks with arbitrary numbers of fibers at the links. A comparison with linear programming lower bounds reveals that the bounds coincide for problems with at most two links per lightpath. For meshed topologies, the cumulative lower bound over all star subnetworks equals the best known solution value for all realistic wavelength assignment instances available, by this proving optimality.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 47
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-11-21
    Beschreibung: We prove that the Random-Edge simplex algorithm requires an expected number of at most $13n/sqrt(d)$ pivot steps on any simple d-polytope with n vertices. This is the first nontrivial upper bound for general polytopes. We also describe a refined analysis that potentially yields much better bounds for specific classes of polytopes. As one application, we show that for combinatorial d-cubes, the trivial upper bound of $2^d$ on the performance of Random-Edge can asymptotically be improved by any desired polynomial factor in d.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 48
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-11-10
    Beschreibung: In diesem Artikel werden die Optimierungsmodelle und -verfahren beschrieben, die bei der Planung des Kernnetzes und der Zugangsinfrastruktur des X-WiN verwendet wurden.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 49
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: Die Anwendung mathematischer Methoden und Verfahren wird immer mehr zur Voraussetzung innovativer Produkte und Dienstleistungen. Um neue Produkte und Dienstleistungen zu entwickeln, müssen die Produktions- und technologischen Prozesse mathematisch modelliert, beschrieben und optimiert werden. Diesen Umstand Rechnung tragend, hat das Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) 1993 begonnen, den Einsatz mathematischer Verfahren und Methoden in der Mathematik über ein spezielles Mathematikprogramm zu fördern. Inzwischen hat die vierte Förderperiode des Mathematikprogramms begonnen. \par Das Medium Internet und insbesondere das WWW sind für die Sichtbarkeit und Transparenz wissenschaftlicher Resultate in den letzten zehn Jahren immer wichtiger geworden. Wer nicht im Web "'sichtbar"' ist, läuft Gefahr, nicht wahrgenommen zu werden. Intention und Ziel des durchgeführten Projekts war es, ein Konzept für eine qualitativ hochwertige und umfassende Darstellung des BMBF Mathematikprogramms, insbesondere der in den Projekten erzielten Ergebnisse, zu entwickeln und zu realisieren und damit den Stellenwert und die Akzeptanz mathematischer Forschung in der Gesellschaft zu festigen und den Wissenstransfer zwischen mathematischer Forschung sowie Forschung und Entwicklung in der Wirtschaft und dem Dienstleistungsbereich zu fördern.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 50
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: Die KOBV-Zentrale betreibt mit dem KOBV-Portal neben der Metasuche in freien Online-Katalogen und Datenbanken ein Nachweisinstrument für elektronische Ressourcen, die von den Bibliotheken Berlin-Brandenburgs lizenziert sind und darüber hinaus diejenigen, die frei zugänglich sowie wissenschaftlich relevant sind. Die Erschließung der freien Ressourcen übernimmt eine kooperative Fachredaktion, die sich aus FachreferentInnen und -lektorInnen aus der Region rekrutiert. Dabei übernimmt jede beteiligte Person die Betreuung einer oder mehrerer Fachgruppen der Dewey Decimal-Classification (DDC) eigenverantwortlich. Die Aufgabe aller FachredakteurInnen besteht in der inhaltlichen Beschreibung, der Klassifizierung, der Vergabe von Schlagworten und der regelmäßigen Reevaluation der einzelnen Ressourcen. Die KOBV-Zentrale hat hierfür einen Kriterienkatalog entwickelt, der als Grundlage für die Beurteilung von elektronischen Ressourcen dient. Erschlossen werden die Ressourcen schließlich über ein webbasierte Eingabe-Tool, dem Metadata-Tool der KOBV-Zentrale. Über eine Mailingliste wird der Abstimmungsbedarf untereinander gedeckt und Diskussionen geführt, die das Projekt weiterführen sollen. Der Artikel beschreibt das Konzept der kooperativen Fachredaktion für freie Ressourcen, die Vorgänge und die Arbeiten, die für die Initiierung notwendig waren.
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    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 51
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: We present a new algorithm for fairing of space curves with respect spatial constraints based on a vector valued curvature function. Smoothing with the vector valued curvature function is superior to standard Frenet techniques since the individual scalar components can be modeled similar to curvature-based curve smoothing techniques in 2d. This paper describes a curve smoothing flow that satisfies strict spatial constraints and allows simultaneous control of both curvature functions.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 52
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-09
    Beschreibung: Scattering problems in integrated optics can be modeled in simple cases by the Helmholtz equation. The computational domain is truncated by a non-reflecting boundary condition. We investigate Schwarz algorithms with a sort of DtN operator, realized by the PML-method, at the interfaces of the sub-domains as an iterative solver.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 53
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-05-10
    Beschreibung: Adaptive numerical methods in space and time are introduced and studied for multiscale cardiac reaction-diffusion models in three dimensions. The evolution of a complete heartbeat, from the excitation to the recovery phase, is simulated with both the anisotropic Bidomain and Monodomain models, coupled with either a variant of the simple FitzHugh-Nagumo model or the more complex phase-I Luo-Rudy ionic model. The simulations are performed with the {\sc kardos} library, that employs adaptive finite elements in space and adaptive linearly implicit methods in time. The numerical results show that this adaptive method successfully solves these complex cardiac reaction-diffusion models on three-dimensional domains of moderate sizes. By automatically adapting the spatial meshes and time steps to the proper scales in each phase of the heartbeat, the method accurately resolves the evolution of the intra- and extra-cellular potentials, gating variables and ion concentrations during the excitation, plateau and recovery phases.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 54
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-02-01
    Beschreibung: Mathematical decision support for operative planning in water supply systems is highly desirable but leads to very difficult optimization problems. We propose a nonlinear programming approach that yields practically satisfactory operating schedules in acceptable computing time even for large networks. Based on a carefully designed model supporting gradient-based optimization algorithms, this approach employs a special initialization strategy for convergence acceleration, special minimum up and down time constraints together with pump aggregation to handle switching decisions, and several network reduction techniques for further speed-up. Results for selected application scenarios at Berliner Wasserbetriebe demonstrate the success of the approach.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 55
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: The theory of hierarchical Boolean satisfiability (SAT) solving proposed in this paper is based on a strict axiomatic system and introduces a new important notion of implicativity. The theory makes evident that increasing implicativity is the core of SAT-solving. We provide a theoretical basis for increasing the implicativity of a given SAT instance and for organizing SAT-solving in a hierarchical way. The theory opens a new domain of research: SAT-model construction. Now quite different mathematical models can be used within practical SAT-solvers. The theory covers many advanced techniques such as circuit-oriented SAT-solving, mixed BDD/CNF SAT-solving, merging gates, using pseudo-Boolean constraints, using state machines for representation of Boolean functions, arithmetic reasoning, and managing don t cares. We believe that hierarchical SAT-solving is a cardinal direction of research in practical SAT-solving.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 56
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-12-15
    Beschreibung: The \emph{fare planning problem} for public transport is to design a system of fares that maximize the revenue. We introduce a nonlinear optimization model to approach this problem. It is based on a d iscrete choice logit model that expresses demand as a function of the fares. We illustrate our approach by computing and comparing two different fare systems for the intercity network of the Netherlands.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 57
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-12-15
    Beschreibung: The line planning problem is one of the fundamental problems in strategic planning of public and rail transport. It consists in finding lines and corresponding frequencies in a network such that a giv en demand can be satisfied. There are two objectives. Passengers want to minimize travel times, the transport company wishes to minimize operating costs. We investigate three variants of a multi-commo dity flow model for line planning that differ with respect to passenger routings. The first model allows arbitrary routings, the second only unsplittable routings, and the third only shortest path rou tings with respect to the network. We compare these models theoretically and computationally on data for the city of Potsdam.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 58
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-11-13
    Beschreibung: \documentclass[12pt]{article} \usepackage{german} \parindent=0pt \begin{document} Im KOBV wird für die Online-Fernleihe der Zentrale-Fernleihserver (ZFL-Server) der Firma Sisis eingesetzt. Die Software ist in der KOBV-Zentrale installiert. Der ZFL-Server dient im KOBV sowohl für die Bestellung von Monographien als auch für die Bestellung von Aufsatzkopien aus Zeitschriften. Prinzipiell gibt es zwei Verfahren, mit denen sich Bibliotheken an der Online-Fernleihe beteiligen können: das E-Mail-Verfahren und das SLNP-Verfahren. Auf beide wird im Handbuch eingegangen. Die Online-Fernleihe wurde im KOBV eingeführt, um die Fernleihe für die Benutzer zu beschleunigen, das Verfahren für die Bibliotheksmitarbeiter zu vereinfachen und den Arbeitsaufwand zu reduzieren. Sie basiert darauf, dass eine Bestellung anhand eines gefundenen Treffers ausgelöst wird - d.h. die bibliographischen Daten sind bereits verifiziert und in einem Katalog nachgewiesen. Anschlie\"send werden die Fernleihbestellungen über den ZFL-Server automatisch ausgeführt und verwaltet - sowohl in der regionalen KOBV-Fernleihe als auch in der verbundübergreifenden Fernleihe mit den deutschen Bibliotheksverbünden. Der ZFL-Server besteht aus verschiedenen technischen Komponenten. Eine dieser Komponenten ist das Bibliothekskonto, eine Internetanwendung, in der die Bestellverwaltung des ZFL-Servers im Internet für die Bibliotheksbediensteten transparent gemacht wird. Sowohl für die aktive als auch für die passive Fernleihe ist im Bibliothekskonto der Status der Bearbeitung zu jedem Zeitpunkt ersichtlich, z.B. in welcher Bibliothek sich die Bestellung gerade befindet, wann sie dort eingegangen ist und wann sie weggeschickt wurde, ob mit positivem oder negativem Ergebnis. Das Bibliothekskonto ist damit für die Bibliothek ein komfortables Instrument zum Überwachen der Fernleihbestellungen, in dem sie zudem - falls notwendig - in den Bestellvorgang eingreifen kann. Dazu hat jede Bibliothek im Bibliothekskonto eine eigene, Passwort-geschützte Dienstoberfläche. Das vorliegende Handbuch beschreibt die Vorgänge der Bestellverwaltung im Bibliothekskonto. Es richtet sich an Bibliotheksmitarbeiter, die sich mit den einzelnen Arbeitsschritten der Online-Fernleihe vertraut machen wollen. Darüber hinaus ist es zum Nachschlagen gedacht, wenn sich in der täglichen Arbeit Unklarheiten ergeben. \end{document}
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 59
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-03-14
    Beschreibung: The Feasibility Pump of Fischetti, Glover, Lodi, and Bertacco has proved to be a very successful heuristic for finding feasible solutions of mixed integer programs. The quality of the solutions in terms of the objective value, however, tends to be poor. This paper proposes a slight modification of the algorithm in order to find better solutions. Extensive computational results show the success of this variant: in 89 out of 121 MIP instances the modified version produces improved solutions in comparison to the original Feasibility Pump.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 60
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-26
    Beschreibung: In this letter we report on a numerical investigation of the Aoki phase in the case of finite temperature which continues our former study at zero temperature. We have performed simulations with Wilson fermions at $\beta=4.6$ using lattices with temporal extension $N_{\tau}=4$. In contrast to the zero temperature case, the existence of an Aoki phase can be confirmed for a small range in $\kappa$ at $\beta=4.6$, however, shifted slightly to lower $\kappa$. Despite fine-tuning $\kappa$ we could not separate the thermal transition line from the Aoki phase.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 61
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-02-01
    Beschreibung: The dynamics of pressurized water distribution networks are naturally modeled by differential algebraic equations (DAE). This paper investigates fundamental structural properties of such a DAE model under weak regularity assumptions. The usual partial derivative-based index-1 condition is shown to be necessary and sufficient for several index concepts, as well as sufficient for solvability in a strong sense. Using the physical properties of nonlinear network elements and the inherent saddle point structure of network hydraulics, we then derive purely topological index criteria based on the network graph and the choice of control variables. Several examples illustrate the theoretical results and explore different non-index-1 situations. A brief discussion of the implications for operative planning by discrete time DAE boundary value problems concludes the paper.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 62
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-11
    Beschreibung: Using the popular puzzle game of Sudoku, this article highlights some of the ideas and topics covered in ZR-04-58.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 63
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-16
    Beschreibung: Perfect graphs constitute a well-studied graph class with a rich structure, reflected by many characterizations with respect to different concepts. Perfect graphs are, for instance, precisely those graphs $G$ where the stable set polytope $STAB(G)$ coincides with the fractional stable set polytope $QSTAB(G)$. For all imperfect graphs $G$ it holds that $STAB(G) \subset QSTAB(G)$. It is, therefore, natural to use the difference between the two polytopes in order to decide how far an imperfect graph is away from being perfect; we discuss three different concepts, involving the facet set of $STAB( G)$, the disjunctive index of $QSTAB(G)$, and the dilation ratio of the two polytopes. Including only certain types of facets for $STAB(G)$, we obtain graphs that are in some sense close to perfect graphs, for example minimally immperfect graphs, and certain other classes of so-called rank-perfect graphs. The imperfection ratio has been introduced by (Gerke and McDiarmid, 2001) as the dilation ratio of $STAB(G)$ and $QSTAB(G)$, whereas (Aguilera et al., 2003) suggest to take the disjunctive index of $Q STAB(G)$ as the imperfection index of $G$. For both invariants there exist no general upper bounds, but there are bounds known for the imperfection ratio of several graph classes (Coulonges et al. 2005, Gerke and McDiarmid, 2001). Outgoing from a graph-theoretical interpretation of the imperfection index, we conclude that the imperfection index is NP-hard to compute and we prove that there exists no upper bound on the imperfect ion index for those graph classes with a known bounded imperfection ratio. Comparing the two invariants on those classes, it seems that the imperfection index measures imperfection much more roughly than the imperfection ratio; therefoe, discuss possible directions for refinements.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 64
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-11-13
    Beschreibung: Many online problems encountered in real-life involve a two-stage decision process: upon arrival of a new request, an irrevocable first-stage decision (the assignment of a specific resource to the request) must be made immediately, while in a second stage process, certain ``subinstances'' (that is, the instances of all requests assigned to a particular resource) can be solved to optimality (offline) later. We introduce the novel concept of an \emph{Online Target Date Assignment Problem} (\textsc{OnlineTDAP}) as a general framework for online problems with this nature. Requests for the \textsc{OnlineTDAP} become known at certain dates. An online algorithm has to assign a target date to each request, specifying on which date the request should be processed (e.\,g., an appointment with a customer for a washing machine repair). The cost at a target date is given by the \emph{downstream cost}, the optimal cost of processing all requests at that date w.\,r.\,t.\ some fixed downstream offline optimization problem (e.\,g., the cost of an optimal dispatch for service technicians). We provide general competitive algorithms for the \textsc{OnlineTDAP} independently of the particular downstream problem, when the overall objective is to minimize either the sum or the maximum of all downstream costs. As the first basic examples, we analyze the competitive ratios of our algorithms for the par ticular academic downstream problems of bin-packing, nonpreemptive scheduling on identical parallel machines, and routing a traveling salesman.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 65
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-07-19
    Beschreibung: Inhalt dieser Diplomarbeit ist ein Beleuchtungs- und Visualisierungsmodell für Pflanzen im interaktiven Landschaftsrendering. Ziel ist die qualitativ hochwertige Darstellung von einzelnen Individuen nahe des Betrachters, der seine Position in einer ansonsten statischen Szene frei wählen kann. Um dies zu erreichen wird zunächst vorgestellt, wie ausgehend von einfachen 3D-Modellen und Materialien ein physikalisch basiertes Reflexionsmodell parametrisiert werden kann. Grund hierfür ist der oftmals vorhandene umfangreiche Datenbestand, der auf die OpenGL-Materialien oder ähnliche Shader optimiert ist. Anschließend wird gezeigt, wie die Echtzeit-Renderingtechniken Shadow Mapping und Precomputed Radiance Transfer kombiniert werden können, um sowohl exakte hochfrequente direkte Beleuchtung als auch niederfrequentes indirektes Streulicht zu berücksichtigen. Diese Kombination wird an Hand der Pfad-Notation des Monte-Carlo-Path-Tracing eingeführt und begründet.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Materialart: masterthesis , doc-type:masterThesis
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  • 66
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-02-09
    Beschreibung: Die hierarchische Organisation von Dateien beherrscht Computersysteme seit vielen Jahren und wird sich vermutlich auch in Zukunft weiterhin durchsetzen. Dennoch stößt diese Verwaltungsmethode in einem klassischen hierarchischen Dateisystem bei dem jährlichen rasanten Zuwachs an neuen Daten an ihre Grenzen, auch wenn Nutzer eine ausgefeilte Verzeichnisstruktur mit einer disziplinierten Namensgebung konsequent auf- und ausbauen. Um den Überblick über die Dateien zu behalten, werden in dieser Arbeit neue Verwaltungsmethoden vorgestellt und in die hierarchische Dateisystemsicht eingebettet. Auf der Basis des hierarchischen Dateisystems bietet ein metadatenbasiertes Dateisystem neben dem hierarchischen Zugriff noch einen flexiblen, assoziativen Zugriff auf Dateien über virtuelle Objekte, indem Suchmethoden in Form einer Anfrage auf in einer Datenbank gespeicherte Index- und Metadaten angewendet werden. Das Ergebnis dieser Abfrage wird mit Hilfe von virtuellen Verzeichnissen und virtuellen Dateien in einer übersichtlichen Form dargestellt, so dass eine Nutzung der hierarchischen Sicht weiterhin intuitiv fortgesetzt wird. Das Datenmanagementsystem ZIBDMS, welches einen verteilten Metadatenkatalog und einen Dateireplikationskatalog beinhaltet, ermöglicht es, die oben genannten Verwaltungsmethoden für die NFS-Schnittstelle, CORBA-Middleware und Web Services transparent zu implementieren. Zudem stellt ZIBDMS weitere neue Dateiverwaltungsmethoden zur Verfügung, die sich in die hierarchische Dateisystemsicht integrieren lassen. Metadaten in Form von Attribut-Wert-Paaren lassen sich als virtuelle Datei darstellen und editieren. Eine Collection bietet die Möglichkeit, Dateien in einem logischen virtuellen Ordner zu organisieren. Mit einem Dependency-Graph lassen sich Dateien zueinander in Relation stellen, so dass eine Linkstruktur zwischen Dateien ausgedrückt werden kann. Das Verweiskonzept eines klassischen hierarchischen Dateisystems wird im ZIBDMS um eine neue Verweisart Weak-Link erweitert, um einen aktualisierbaren, konsistenten und zyklenfreien symbolischen Link anzubieten. In einer hierarchischen Sicht lässt sich durch Verweise ein Baum bilden, in dem eine Navigation und Verweisauflistung möglich sind, was außer ZIBDMS noch kein anderes System bietet.
    Beschreibung: The hierarchical organization of files has dominated computer systems for many years and this will probably not change in the near future. However, with the rapid annual growth of new data this classical hierarchical file system management method reaches its limitations, even when the user consistently sets up and continually expands an elaborated directory structure with well-disciplined naming. This paper introduces new management methods to maintain an overview of all files which can be embedded in the hierarchical file system. A metadata-based file system, which is based on the hierarchical file system, offers, in addition to hierarchical access, a more flexible and associative access to files via virtual objects by providing query capabilities of index- and metadata which are stored in a database. The query results are presented in a clearly-arranged form of virtual directories and virtual files so that the intuitive hierarchical view continues to be maintained. The data management system ZIBDMS, which contains a distributed metadata catalog and a file replication catalog, permits a transparent implementation of these management methods for the NFS interface, CORBA-middleware or web services. Furthermore, ZIBDMS provides other new file management methods that can be integrated into the hierarchical file system view. Metadata in form of attribute-value-pairs can be presented and edited with a virtual file. A Collection makes it possible to organize files in logical virtual folders. Using a Dependency graph, files can be related to each other and expressed through a link structure between these files. In the ZIBDMS the reference concept of a classical hierarchal file system is extended with a new kind of reference called Weak Link in order to provide up-to-date, consistent and cycle-free symbolic links. With the references a tree can be established in a hierarchical view in which navigation and listing of references are possible; this capability is only possible in the ZIBDMS system.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 67
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-02-09
    Beschreibung: Die hierarchische Organisation von Dateien beherrscht Computersysteme seit vielen Jahren und wird sich vermutlich auch in Zukunft weiterhin durchsetzen. Dennoch stößt diese Verwaltungsmethode in einem klassischen hierarchischen Dateisystem bei dem jährlichen rasanten Zuwachs an neuen Daten an ihre Grenzen, auch wenn Nutzer eine ausgefeilte Verzeichnisstruktur mit einer disziplinierten Namensgebung konsequent auf- und ausbauen. Um den Überblick über die Dateien zu behalten, werden in dieser Arbeit neue Verwaltungsmethoden vorgestellt und in die hierarchische Dateisystemsicht eingebettet. Auf der Basis des hierarchischen Dateisystems bietet ein metadatenbasiertes Dateisystem neben dem hierarchischen Zugriff noch einen flexiblen, assoziativen Zugriff auf Dateien über virtuelle Objekte, indem Suchmethoden in Form einer Anfrage auf in einer Datenbank gespeicherte Index- und Metadaten angewendet werden. Das Ergebnis dieser Abfrage wird mit Hilfe von virtuellen Verzeichnissen und virtuellen Dateien in einer übersichtlichen Form dargestellt, so dass eine Nutzung der hierarchischen Sicht weiterhin intuitiv fortgesetzt wird. Das Datenmanagementsystem ZIBDMS, welches einen verteilten Metadatenkatalog und einen Dateireplikationskatalog beinhaltet, ermöglicht es, die oben genannten Verwaltungsmethoden für die NFS-Schnittstelle, CORBA-Middleware und Web Services transparent zu implementieren. Zudem stellt ZIBDMS weitere neue Dateiverwaltungsmethoden zur Verfügung, die sich in die hierarchische Dateisystemsicht integrieren lassen. Metadaten in Form von Attribut-Wert-Paaren lassen sich als virtuelle Datei darstellen und editieren. Eine Collection bietet die Möglichkeit, Dateien in einem logischen virtuellen Ordner zu organisieren. Mit einem Dependency-Graph lassen sich Dateien zueinander in Relation stellen, so dass eine Linkstruktur zwischen Dateien ausgedrückt werden kann. Das Verweiskonzept eines klassischen hierarchischen Dateisystems wird im ZIBDMS um eine neue Verweisart Weak-Link erweitert, um einen aktualisierbaren, konsistenten und zyklenfreien symbolischen Link anzubieten. In einer hierarchischen Sicht lässt sich durch Verweise ein Baum bilden, in dem eine Navigation und Verweisauflistung möglich sind, was außer ZIBDMS noch kein anderes System bietet.
    Beschreibung: The hierarchical organization of files has dominated computer systems for many years and this will probably not change in the near future. However, with the rapid annual growth of new data this classical hierarchical file system management method reaches its limitations, even when the user consistently sets up and continually expands an elaborated directory structure with well-disciplined naming. This paper introduces new management methods to maintain an overview of all files which can be embedded in the hierarchical file system. A metadata-based file system, which is based on the hierarchical file system, offers, in addition to hierarchical access, a more flexible and associative access to files via virtual objects by providing query capabilities of index- and metadata which are stored in a database. The query results are presented in a clearly-arranged form of virtual directories and virtual files so that the intuitive hierarchical view continues to be maintained. The data management system ZIBDMS, which contains a distributed metadata catalog and a file replication catalog, permits a transparent implementation of these management methods for the NFS interface, CORBA-middleware or web services. Furthermore, ZIBDMS provides other new file management methods that can be integrated into the hierarchical file system view. Metadata in form of attribute-value-pairs can be presented and edited with a virtual file. A Collection makes it possible to organize files in logical virtual folders. Using a Dependency graph, files can be related to each other and expressed through a link structure between these files. In the ZIBDMS the reference concept of a classical hierarchal file system is extended with a new kind of reference called Weak Link in order to provide up-to-date, consistent and cycle-free symbolic links. With the references a tree can be established in a hierarchical view in which navigation and listing of references are possible; this capability is only possible in the ZIBDMS system.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:000
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Materialart: masterthesis , doc-type:masterThesis
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  • 68
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 37-77 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The cells surrounding a wound in the integument of Rhodnius adults show an increase in RNA content, cytochrome oxidase and esterase activity. An excision in the integument is filled by blood which coagulates and is tanned into an insoluble membrane. The basement membrane of the adjoining epidermis acts as a self-sealing membrane and contracts to cover the excision. The epidermis is attached to the cuticle by the subcuticular layer which it resorbs and by pore canal filaments which are left behind as it migrates. The epidermis migrates as a sheet in contact with the cuticle then with the coagulated blood and basement membrane which cover the excision. Blood cells migrate individually into an excision and do not adhere to a surface in the process. Microtubules cannot be identified with movement. Both epidermal and blood cells remove the cells killed by wounding as evidenced by the appearance of coated vesicles and phagocytic bodies in both cell types. The reconstituted integument consists of a surface membrane in which the layers of the epicuticle are not distinguishable, a nonlamellate cuticle secreted by an epidermis which also appears to secrete the new basement membrane.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 69
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 295-311 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The development of intraneural vessels was studied in response to an induced hypermorphosis of neural tissue inthe midbrains of 38 chick embryos ranging in age from three days through 14 days of incubation. The pattern of vascularization was compared with that of normal chick embryos at comparable stages of development. In the experimental embryos, the increase in mitotic figures along the ventricular borders of the mesencephalon is accompanied by the establishment of an endoneural plexus approximately one day earlier than is the case during normal vascularization of the midbrain. This plexus also penetrates more deeply and extensively into the ependymal layer. Surface vessels and intraneural vascular elements are dilated, and the cerebrospinal fluid contains varying amounts of blood released from large intraneural vessels which protrude into the ventricle. The most prominent cerebrovascular effects seem to occur between the fourth and eighth days of incubation. Thereafter, the cerebrovascular pattern becomes more normal except for relatively few isolated hemorrhagic areas.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 70
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 345-351 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The eye of Haideotriton wallacei is more reduced histologically than those of othe troglobitic salamanders. The tiny eye is imbedded in a mass of adipose tissue. No extrinsic eye muscles are present. A rudimentary lens is present in about half of the eyes examined. In two instances the lens is surrounded by a small chamber; most eyes lack a chamber. The retina and iris are relatively undifferentiated. The relatively massive retina lacks rods and cones, an outer plexiform layer and subdivided nuclear layers. A tiny optic nerve runs to the brain.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 71
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The aesthetascs, short thin-walled pegs on the antennule flagella of Coenobita clypeatus, a terrestrial hermit crab, are similar to those of other decapod crustacea in containing the dendrites of many bipolar neurons whose cell bodies are grouped in spindle-shaped masses beneath the bases of each hair. The dendrites contain rootlets, basal bodies, and cilia, which divide dichotomously before entering the aesthetasc, so that within the hair, each cilium becomes represented by a group of slender branches.The aesthetascs themselves are short, blunt, and partially recumbent so that each has an exposed and an unexposed side. The cuticle on the exposed side is thinner and more tenuous than that on the protected side, and the dendrite branches are concentrated just underneath. The protected side, on the other hand, is lined with nondendritic supporting cells, and the cuticle is thicker, more lamellar, and probably less permeable.All dendritic elements proximal to the dendrite branches are enclosed within the main body of the antennular flagellum, and the initial segments of the cilia lie within a vacuole. In these respects, the aesthetascs of Coenobita resemble the thin-walled pegs on insect antennae more than they do those of the marine decapods thus far examined. This convergence in the terrestrial forms may be in response to the need to conserve water.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 72
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The Brittle Star digestive system is composed of buccal, pharyngeal, esophageal and stomach cavities. The buccal and pharyngeal cavities are lined by columnar cells covered by a cuticle, and are apparently concerned with mucous production. Coelomocytes and tall columnar cells are described in the esophagus and stomach epithelia. The columnar cells are adapted for nutrient absorption, enzyme synthesis, and lipid storage. Nerves are found beneath the epithelia within a connective tissue layer. Smooth muscle and coelomic layers lie external to the connective tissue layer. The coelomic layer lines a perivisceral space and has diverse modifications of its perivisceral surface; a pedicle-cuticle modification perhaps having general significance in echinoderms.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 73
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 125 (1968), S. 61-70 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Two complete composite photographs of the optic nerve of Limulus, made by electron microscopy, reveal the presence of neurosecretory granules in the large axons of the rudimentary eye neurons. The number of intermediate sized, (3-7 μ), of eccentric cells corresponds with the number of ommatidia as expected, but only their sheath of Schwann cells show an intimate interfolding. Based on the number of fine axons within the nerve each ommatidium has an average of 12-13 retinular cells. The diameter of their fibers is between 0.2 and 3 μ although the majority are between 1 and 1.5 μ. They are aggregated into bundles of six to seven fibers by the sheath cells although some bundles contain only two, others as many as 181 fibers. There is no indication in these studies that retinular cell axons within a bundle are associated with the same, adjacent, or other pattern of ommatidia. The photographs suggest that physiological activity in retinular cell axons might be detected most easily in the smallest bundles because they contain the fewest, but the larger retinular cell axons.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 74
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The lateral and ventral external surfaces of the third and fourth abdominal segments were described and muscle attachments were correlated with surface indentations of the larva. The proleg of this species has a symmetrical planta with a complete circle of crochets. Furthermore, it differs externally from the grasping type of proleg in having a largely membranous coxal region confluent with the body wall, and a relatively large subcoxal lobe.The body wall musculature and innervation of the third and fourth abdominal segments are similar in many respects to those described for other lepidopteran larvae to which they are here compared, but differ from most because of the simpler structure of the prolegs which lack highly developed adductor muscles. Like most muscles innervated by the ventral nerve, the principal plantar retractors of these two segments cease to function in the first day of the pupal stage and have completely degenerated by the forty-fifth hour of pupal life. The ventral nerve retains its four primary branches in the adult, in which many smaller rami can be traced to the cuticle and to the neoblastic body wall muscles.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 75
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The gross anatomy of muscles, the topography of nerve tissues, and the histology of the pregenital abdominal glands of Nomia melanderi Ckll. are reported in detail. The movable and fixed points of muscle attachment were utilized in establishing a system of nomenclature for a typical abdominal segment. Names of nervules correspond to those of the tissues they innervate. The points of attachment of muscles of the fifth abdominal segment are essentially the same in both Nomia and Apis, except for the second tergo-sternal muscle which, in Nomia, has shifted its point of movable attachment to the membranous integument in front of the intersegmental membrane gland where it helps in relasing glandular secretion. The general plan of the nerves in the fifth abdominal segment in Nomia is more diffuse than in Apis, but there is no difficulty in establishing homology between the nervules of the two species. A pair of intersegmental stretch organs was found in abdominal segments 3-6. Glands of the sixth intersegmental membrane possess a reservoir with peripheral pouches both of which are absent in those of the fifth. Both types of glands have neither closing nor opening mechanisms, and neither is innervated. Release of glandular secretion is accomplished by the action of the tergo-sternal muscles.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 76
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 125 (1968), S. 253-257 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: This report describes the capacity of larvae of the Leopard frog, Rana pipiens, to regenerate pineal tissue after embryonic pinealectomy, and presents experimental evidence for frontal organ dependence on the epiphysis. In addition, it was found that the “brow spot,” a pigment-free region located in the epidermis betweeen the eyes, is dependent on the frontal organ for its formation. This report also substantiates that the absence of the pineal organ in larval animals does not affect growth or development through metamorphosis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 77
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 125 (1968), S. 315-328 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Interest in the structure of the antennae of the Florida Queen butterfly arises from the finding that a pheromone is active in their courtship. Light and electron microscopic techniques were used to study the sensilla on the antennae and three types of sensilla with perforated walls were identified. The most common of these are short, thin-walled pegs which are distributed over most of the antennal surface. Long, curved, thin-walled pegs occur in patches on the inner medial antennal surface. Multiple coeloconic sensilla are present having up to 50 pegs in one sensillum. On the outer 28 flagellar subsegments there are two such sensilla per subsegment. In addition there are on the antennae long, thick-walled hairs which are mechanoreceptors and probably also contact chemoreceptors. Sunken pegs, the function of which is not known, occur on the antennae. Grooved sensilla were found with the electron microscope but could not be identified with the light microscope. There was no indication of sexual dimorphism in sensilla types or numbers on the antennae.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 78
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 125 (1968), S. 403-417 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Succinic dehydrogenase, NAD and NADP diaphorases, choline oxidase, d-amino acid oxidase, α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, glutamic dehydrogenase, lactic dehydrogenase and aldolase were identified histochemically in the esophagus and proventriculus of the developing chick embryo. In general, the deep glands of the proventriculus reacted more strongly than the epithelium and mucous glands of the esophagus to the tests. The intensity of the enzymatic activity seems correlated with the number of mitochondria and metabolic activity of the cells.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 79
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 126 (1968) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 80
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Two kinds of tactile hairs, plain and wavy, thick-walled chemoreceptors and two types of thin-walled chemoreceptors are present on the antennal flagellum of Gromphadorhina portentosa males. These are described and their location on the antenna noted. Females of this species have plain tactile hairs and the same types of chemoreceptors as do the males but wavy tactile hairs are absent. The antennal sense organs of a few specimens of five other species of cockroaches  -  Periplaneta americana, Blatta orientalis, Supella longipalpa, Pycnoscelus surinamensis and Diploptera punctata  -  were also examined. All lacked tactile hairs but were provided with thick-walled chemoreceptors and with two types of thin-walled chemoreceptors similar to those described for Gromphadorhina portentosa.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 81
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Pulse labeling with tritiated thymidine has permitted the identification of a progenitor cell compartment at the base of the hypostomal glandular ridges of the marine hydroid Podocoryne carnea. This progenitor compartment produces cells which move out on the ridges differentiate as digestive gland cells, and are ejected into the gastro-vascular cavity. Spherous gland cells of the body appear not to be part of this circumscribed replacement system. There appears to be no proximal movement of gastrodermal cells in the body of this marine hydroid.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 82
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Among eight species of mammals in this study (cattle, sheep, pig-tail and rhesus monkeys, rabbit, pig, rat, and dog) four basic patterns of anatomical structure at the uterotubal junction are described. The classification of types is based upon the presence or absence of an intramural portion of the oviduct and of isthmal folds or plicae projecting into the lumen of the uterine cornu.Histological variations are reported for three tissues: epithelial and connective of the mucosa and smooth muscle of the tunica muscularis. In the epithelium during the estrous cycle the differences recorded include: (a) absence of ciliated cells in the distal end of the oviduct in rat and dog; (b) variations in ciliated and nonciliated cells in (1) cell height, (2) location, shape and stainability of the nucleus, and (3) in amount and stainability of apical cytoplasm; (c) presence of lymphoblast-like cells which appear to migrate through the epithelium from the lamina propria. The connective tissue of the mucosa, as a circular layer and as cores for the mucosal folds, shows variations in thickness and in relative density of cells and fibers of the matrix. Emphasis is given to the presence of an inner longitudinal layer of smooth muscle in the tunica muscularis of the distal oviduct in six of the eight species.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 83
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 125 (1968), S. 259-279 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The structure of cells in the colleterial glands of the Cecropia silkmoth was examined. Morphologically and functionally the gland is divided into two regions, a tubular one in which columnar protein-synthesizing cells are located, and an expanded region in which flattened cells with very different structure are most prominent. The fine structure of the latter cells which are presumed to secrete a phenolic glucoside, closely resembles that of cells described in the colleterial glands of orthopterans. The protein-secreting cells have many features normally associated with pancreatic acinar, and other cells of similar function. Among these are extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum, an elaborate Golgi complex, and a modest number of mitochondria. Other features which are less usual in cells of this type are an elaborate secretory apparatus consisting of a cuticular tubule inserted into a microvilli-lined cavity at the apical end of the cell, and large numbers of cytolysomes, myelin figures, and lipid droplets. A chitogenous cell with a very distinct and specific type of ultrastructure is found associated with the secretory cell. This cell type is attached to the cuticular elements of the gland, and the main features of its cytoplasm are extensive bundles of microtubules which presumably serve as supportive elements for the secretory cells.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 84
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 125 (1968), S. 329-365 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Embryonic chick myocardium (stages 8+ to 12-) was studied by light and electron microscopy. The myocardium, which is initially comprised of radially oriented cells with large intercellular spaces gradually becomes more tightly packed. Intercellular spaces decrease and the cells assume a circumferential orientation. Myocardial cells remain epithelial throughout formation of the functional tubular heart and specialized epithelial junctions (apical junctional complex or terminal bars) undergo modification to form intercalated discs. Embryonic myocardial cells contain large amounts of free ribosomes and particulate glycogen, the latter often associated with portions of granular reticulum. Unlike developing skeletal muscle. The amount of granular reticulum contained in the myocardial cell cytoplasm is large and, along with a hypertrophied Golgi apparatus, suggests that these cells may have a secretory function. These organelles persist during the initial period of fibril formation. Myofibrils apparently form from non filamentous precursor material and not by alignment of sequentially synthesized components.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 85
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 125 (1968), S. 379-401 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The characteristic anoline climbing organ consists of a number of lamellar scales, on whose outer scale surface are numerous keratinized setae which contact the substrate. These setae are derived from the Oberhautchen of the epidermal generation, and as such are renewed and shed periodically along with the rest of the epidermal material. The histological development of the setae is described, and modifications of the surrounding elements are noted. The relative lengths of the setae and their congregation to form a pad unit poses certain mechanical problems during morphogenesis, simply in terms of accommodation between the functional outer epidermal generation and dermal core of each lamella. Regression of the dermal core and a distal migration of some cells permits accommodation within the lamella for the distal aspect of the Oberhautchen layer, or free margin. Additionally, changes in the gross shape of the lamella occur throughout the sloughing cycle, and a swelling of the cells of the lacunar tissue results in a gap between the stratum corneum of inner and outer epidermal generations. There is a considerable amount of variation in mitotic activity between the germinal layers of opposite sides of the lamella.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 86
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Function and ultrastructure of the excretory organs (antennal glands) of the shore crab Uca mordax were investigated. The crabs were maintained at three different salinities: 50%, 100% and 200% seawater. In spite of previous reports to the contrary, the investigation showed that the powerful osmoregulatory ability found in Uca mordax is not due to participation of the antennal glands. Freezing point depression of urine under all conditions was found to be slightly less than that of the hemolymph, indicating a slightly hypoosmotic urine. It was further found that the antennal gland is extremely effective in resorbing sodium from the filtrate. The higher the salinity to which the crabs were acclimated the lower the sodium concentration in the urine. No water was resorbed from the filtrate as shown by the fact that the inulin U/P ratio remained unity regardless of the salinity to which the crabs were adapted. Electronmicroscopy of the antennal glands revealed that the coelomosac cells are similar to the podocytes described in the crayfish by Kümmel ('64), and the coelomosac appears to be a typical filtration organ. The cells of the labyrinth showed brush border and very elaborate basal infoldings with numerous mitochondria. The deep cytoplasmic infoldings which represent interdigitations with neighboring cells may be correlated with the effective sodium reabsorption in the labyrinth, but apparently not with water movement.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 87
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 126 (1968), S. 31-65 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Mitochondria in early spermatids of many insects aggregate and form a round body, the nebenkern. The nebenkern undergoes a structural differentiation and then divides into two separate equal-sized bodies. In the present study, nebenkerns of Murgantia histrionica, a Hemipteran insect, were reconstructed using electron micrographs of serial sections to determine how the mitochondria transform into the two separate bodies.Newly formed nebenkerns are made of one piece, an anastomosis of rod-like segments. Some segments interconnect to join networks of rings. Each network interlocks with another similar network, but networks which interlock are connected with each other by other segments of the nebenkern. Later, the entire nebenkern is made of two unconnected and interlocked networks of rings. The nebenkern appears to remain bipartite during subsequent differentiation. Since the two pieces are interlocked, breaks must occur before the pieces can separate. As breaks occur, each network transforms into a set of curved sheets, producing a nebenkern made of four concentric layers. The three outer layers are each made of two curved sheets which surround a bipartite central core. The surface sheets meet at a furrow in the surface of the nebenkern; segments in each layer are roughly symmetrical with each other about the plane in which the furrow lies. Rod-like segments join alternate segments. The number of layers then decreases to three, and later, to two. These nebenkerns resemble four-layered nebenkerns, but fewer connections between alternate segments are present. The two pieces constituting the nebenkern probably separate after most of the latter connections disappear. Hypotheses to account for the observed changes in nebenkern structure are presented.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 88
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 126 (1968) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 89
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 126 (1968) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 90
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 91
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Adult sloths (Bradypus tridactylus) were studied by electrocardiography and by light and electron microscopy under normal conditions and under experimental conditions as provided for by injection of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) and ether anesthesia. ECG's of the animals indicated heart rates of 45-71/min, which can be considered as the normal heart rate of the sloth under laboratory conditions. Under normal conditions, the contracted ventricular myocardium of the sloth exhibited (a) a wrinkled sarcolemma, (b) the usual pattern of myofibrils and of sarcoplasmic reticulum, (c) small mitochondria with spiked and branched, often anastomosed cristae, including a few small intramitochondrial dark bodies, (d) an amount of sacrcosomes smaller than the amount of myofibrils, (e) many glycogen granules, isolated, in the form of a chain, or as clusters, in subsarcolemmal, intermyofilamentous and perimitochondrial positions, (f) few multivesicular bodies and (g) large flat sections of the transverse tubular system.Injection of DNP (1 mg/kg) caused tachycardia. With ether anesthesia, the ECG showed monophasic action potential of myocardial injury and prolongation of inter or intraventricular condition. Electrically, the sloth's heart responded to hypoxia as do other mammalian hearts.The administration of DNP produced (a) derangement and reduction in number and length of the mitochondrial cristae, (b) disappearance of spikes, connections between the cristae and, consequently, the honeycombed arrangement, (c) increased matricial space in the center of mitochondria which was often filled with a grayish substance, (d) disappearance of small dark intramitochondrial granules, (e) depletion of glycogen particles and (f) few dilations in the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 92
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 167-179 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Latex endocranial casts, which may be made without damaging the skull, reveal much of the information provided by a hemisected skull. Examination of drawings of endocasts superimposed on skulls may provide insight into the biological significance of skull and brain morphology. The high degree of cranial flexion and the globose brain shape of Daubentonia appear to be related to the functional demands of its gnawing mechanism. The broad frontal lobes of indriids are correlated with orbital orientation; differences in frontal lobe sulcal pattern suggest greater elaboration of the motor filed for the hand in indriids than in lemurids. Several features of lorisid cranial anatomy are discussed. It is suggested that, as a first approximation, increased splanchnocranial declination in small prosimians results from the necessity of accommodating relatively large eyes in a skull with a relatively small splanchnocranium.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 93
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 94
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 283-293 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: In March through April when the oocyte growth in the ovaries of the wall lizard (Hemidactylus) is very rapid, the yolk nucleus continues to persist through various stages of previtellogenesis. This persisting yolk nucleus and associated cell components have been studied with histochemical techniques. The spherical and dense yolk nucleus stains for protein, lipoprotein and RNA. It does not form any close morphological association with the other cell components such as the mitochondria, lipid bodies (L2), spaces or canals, diffuse sudanophilic substance and dense bodies, which are arranged into three zones round the yolk nucleus proper. The mitochondria stain for lipoprotein; the L2 bodies consist of phospholipid; the spaces do not contain any material demonstrable with histochemical techniques; and the ooplasm containing the diffuse sudanophilic substance and dense bodies shows lipoprotein, protein and RNA. Eventually, the yolk nucleus disintegrates, and its substance as well as the other cell components are distributed in the cortical ooplasm of oocytes which are ready to form the yolk bodies.Concepts of the origin, morphology, cytochemistry and function of the yolk nucleus in the oocytes of invertebrates and vertebrates, which have come about recently through the application of cytochemical and submicroscopical techniques, are discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 95
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 353-359 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Symmetrical gaits of 37 breeds of dogs were analyzed. Usual walking and trotting gaits resemble those of other carnivores of similar size and conformation. Only certain long-legged dogs pace - usually at the fast walk or slow run. At the moderate walk, long-legged dogs tend to use lateral-couplets gaits, whereas short-legged breeds tend to use single-foot gaits. Many dogs must turn the axis of the body slightly from the line of travel at the trot to prevent interference between fore and hind feet. The relative duration with the ground made by fore and hind feet is discussed, usual support-sequences of the varicus gaits are presented, and the amount of variation is shown.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 96
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 387-421 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Electron microscope autoradiography was used to study cartilage from regenerating limbs of adult newts, Triturus, after intraperitoneal injections of proline-3H. The labeling in the endoplasmic reticulum, small vesicles, Golgi vacuoles, ground cytoplasm and extracellular matrix was compared during the secretion of radioactive products. The data appear to indicate that a large part of the radioactive secretion probably leaves the cell after having been in only one cellular compartment. Although this compartment may be the endoplasmic reticulum, a considerable amount of radioactivity fluxes through the ground cytoplasm and the possibility cannot be excluded that some secretory components leave the cell directly from the ground cytoplasm. The data appear incompatible with the hypothesis that all the radioactivity seen in the extracellular matrix arrived there via a single pathway involving first the endoplasmic reticulum and then the Golgi vacuoles. It is not, however, incompatible with a hypothesis that a fraction of the radioactive product uses this pathway.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 97
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 249-261 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: An electron microscope examination of the minute bristle organules in the Drosophila eye revealed an organisation characteristic of insect hair sensilla. They were derived from four concentrically arranged cells which were active at the mid-pupal stage in producing the bristle, socket and receptor structures. Two of the cells degenerated towards the end of pupation, the mature organule consisting of a bipolar sense cell and an accessory cell.Growth in length of the bristle was accompanied by a proliferation of longitudinally oriented microtubules which gradually disappeared after maximum growth had been achieved. The breakdown of microfibrillar aggregates, which were also present as transient structures in the developing bristle and showed some correspondence with the longitudinal ridges formed at the surface, may similarly be related to the establishment of cell shape by the deposition of the cuticle which occurred at the same time.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 98
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 313-320 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Forty-two unselected ovaries from adult mares were examined histologically, and with histochemical methods for mucins. A considerable part of the surface of the ovulation fossa was directly covered by columnar epithelium, with many ciliated cells. This epithelium, which was distributed mainly on the anterior side of the ovulation fossa, closely resembled the contiguous epithelium of the infundibulum of the oviduct, was frequently folded, and gave rise to short clefts projecting into the ovarian substance. The remainder of the ovulation fossa was covered by non-ciliated, low cuboidal or squamous epithelium, lacking folds or clefts.“Fossa cysts,” up to 6.5 mm in diameter, were observed in the ovarian tissue around the ovulation fossa in 27 (64%) of these ovaries. Both simple and branched, tubular and vesicular forms were present, and all were blind-ending. Their epithelial lining cells, which varied from simple squamous to columnar in type, were frequently ciliated. Many fossa cysts contained secretions histochemically similar to those of the columnar epithelium of the ovulation fossa and infundibulum. Both sialic acidcontaining and neutral mucins were present. It is suggested that these cysts were probably derived by ingrowth from the columnar epithelium of the ovulation fossa. This epithelium may be of müllerian duct origin.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 99
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 100
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Light microscopic sections of the adult opossum (Didelphis virginiana) spleen were observed to lack venous sinuses; this primitive mammalian spleen may be classified as non-sinusal in nature. In the spleen of the opossum, the capillary segments of the penicillar arteries lacked ellipsoid sheaths characteristic of certain mammalian spleens.Separating the lymphoid nodules from the surrounding red pulp was a distinct band of vascular tissue, the marginal zone. Arising from the central artery within the lymphoid nodule, vessels of capillary dimension were observed to terminate within the marginal zone and the area between lymphoid nodule and marginal zone. In addition to the vascular channels established by the terminal arterial vessels within the red pulp, the system of vessels within the marginal zone has been implicated as an important intermediate vascular channel within the spleen.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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