Library

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • 2020-2022
  • 1995-1999
  • 1990-1994  (236)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1920-1924
  • 1994  (236)
  • Immunohistochemistry  (156)
  • Electron microscopy
Material
Years
  • 2020-2022
  • 1995-1999
  • 1990-1994  (236)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1920-1924
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 13 (1994), S. 181-186 
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Enzyme histochemistry ; Histopathology ; Chronic synovitis ; Macrophages
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease of the synovial membrane, which results in the destruction of joints by inflammatory pannus. The synovial membrane shows proliferation and cellular infiltrates on microscopy with signs of chronic and acute inflammation. Macrophages are thought to play a central role in the pathogenesis of RA. We examined synovial membrane specimens of 21 RA patients using morphological, immunohistological and enzyme histochemical methods for number and distribution of macrophages. We were able to identify 41.5±8.8% of lining cells as macrophages, depending on the method used. In abundant diffuse lymphocellular infiltrates, 23.4±11.1% of mononuclear cells were macrophages. In addition, most cells in the region of tumorlike proliferation and a stromal population of fibroblastlike cells were detected by macrophage markers. Although cell number in synovial membrane increases drastically, we did not find correlations between the relative amount of macrophages in these regions and basic activity. Basic activity includes proliferative reaction as well as lymphoplasmacellular and mononuclear infiltration-both signs of an immunopathological process. In contrast, using enzymes or activation markers, there was a clear correlation. We consider that a constant high percentage of macrophages in RA synovial membrane is present regardless of any actual in flammatory process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Amino acids 6 (1994), S. 1-13 
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: Amino acids ; β-Thymosins ; Phylogenetic distribution ; Actin sequestration ; Immunoassays ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary β-Thymosins, a group of highly homologous peptides consisting of about 40 amino acid residues, were found to be distributed from mammals up to echinoderms. Althogh they have first been isolated from mammalian thymus tissue preparations, their occurrance is not organ-specific and they are present even in different types of cells. For thymosinβ 4 several biological activities have been reported, stating that this peptide acts as a thymus peptide hormone and is also involved in the neuroendocrine and immune system. However, it was recently demonstrated that thymosinβ 4 has actin-sequestering properties and therefore might play an important role in the regulation of the microfilament system. This fact gives a new outlook on the real biological function ofβ-thymosins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Asphyxia ; Strangulation ; Carotid body ; Immunohistochemistry ; Asphyxie ; Strangulation ; Glomus caroticum ; Immunhistochemie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe immunhistochemischer Färbemethoden wurden die histologischen Veränderungen und das Vorhandensein von Neuropeptiden (Enkephalin und VIP) im Glomus caroticum bei rechtsmedizinischen Autopsie-Fällen, speziell bei Asphyxie-Fällen, untersucht. Lediglich in Fällen von manueller und werkzeugbedingter Strangulation, in denen die Gewalt in der Nähe des Glomus caroticum erlitten wurde, waren die Hauptzellen hauptsächlich leicht angefärbt, als Hinweis, daß sie „aktive” Zellen darstellten. Weiterhin waren diese Zellen und ihre Kerne vergrößert im Vergleich zu den Hauptzellen des Glomus caroticum in anderen Autopsie-Fällen. Es entstand daher der Eindruck, daß diese Veränderungen resultierten aus der Gewalt, die direkt das Glomus caroticum traf. Aufgrund dieser Befunde wurde geschlossen, daß die immunhistochemische Untersuchung des Glomus caroticum eine nützliche Möglichkeit darstellt, um die manuelle Asphyxie zu diagnostizieren, speziell in Autopsie-Fällen unter Einbeziehung der Strangulation.
    Notes: Summary Using immunohistochemical staining, the histological changes and the presence of neuropeptides (enkephalin and VIP) in the carotid body have been investigated in medico-legal autopsy cases, especially asphyxia cases. Only in cases of manual and/or ligature strangulation cases that sustained a force near the carotid body, were the chief cells mainly lightly stained, indicating that they had been “active” cells. Furthermore, these cells and their nuclei were enlarged in comparison to the chief carotid body cells in other autopsy groups. It was thus felt that these changes had resulted from the force that had directly affected the carotid body. Based on these findings, it was concluded that immunohistochemical investigation of the carotid body offers a useful possibility for diagnosing manual asphyxia, especially in autopsy cases involving strangulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 107 (1994), S. 69-76 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Hypoxic/ischemic brain damage ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neurons ; Heat shock protein ; Glial cel ; Hypoxisch-ischämischer Hirnschaden ; Immunohistochemie ; Neuron ; Hitzeschock-Protein ; Gliazelle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine neuropathologische Studie von 41 forensischen Autopsie-Fällen mit hypoxischen/ischämischen Hirnschäden wurde durchgeführt, um das 70-kDA Hitzeschock-Protein (hsp70) und den Zustand der Gliazellen zu untersuchen. In Fällen, in denen der hypoxisch-ischämische Schaden 2–5 Stunden überlebt wurde, waren ischämische Schäden erkennbar, während Glia-Reaktionen noch nicht vorhanden waren. In Fällen längerer Überlebenszeit war ein neuronale Nekrose und ein Verlust von Neuronen zu beobachten, und diese Veränderungen waren begleitet von einer Proliferation des glialen fibrillären sauren Proteins (GFAP), der Vimentin-positiven Astrozyten und der Mikro-Glia, welche in stabförmige Zellen oder lipidbeladene Makrophagen transformierte. In Fällen mit einer Anamnese von hypoxischen Attacken war eine Proliferation GFAP-positiver und Vimentin-negativer Astrozyten in der CA3- und CA4-Region des Hippocampus zu beobachten. Die Fälle mit schwerem hypoxschämischen Schaden, wie Asthma-Anfall und Strangulation, zeighten keine ischämischen Veränderungen in den Neuronen des Hippocampus. Andererseits zeigten die CA 1-Pyramiden-Zellen bei einem Patienten mit Fallot'scher Tetralogie (TOF), welcher zwei Stunden nach einem Verkehrsunfall starb, eine neuronale Nekrose. Daher wird vermutet, daß auch weniger schwere hypoxische Schäden eine Astrozytose in der CA3- und CA4-Region induzieren und einen Einfluß haben dürften auf die neuronalen Proteine und auf den Metabolismus und daß in Fällen mit einer Anamnese hypoxischer Attacken der neuronale Schaden schwer sein kann, sogar mehrere Stunden nach dem ischämischen Schaden. Das Protein hsp70 wurde in den CA2-, CA3- und CA4-Regionen in Fällen langzeitigen Überlebens nach schweren hypoxischen/ischämischen Schäden gefunden und in Fällen, in denen kurz vor dem Tode eine Alkoholaufnahme oder Toluol-Mißbrauch stattfand. Daher wird vermutet, daß ein Nachweis hsp70 im Hypocampus eine hypoxischen Schaden oder einen anderen Streß kurz vor dem Tode an zeigt. In der forensischen Praxis sind die immunhisto chemische Untersuchung von hsp70 und Gliazell-Fär bungen von großer Bedeutung für die Diagnostik nicht nur des hypoxisch-ischämischen Hirnschadens während des Sterbeprozesses, sondern auch für die Diagnostik der Anamnese des Opfers im Hinblick auf hypoxische At tacken.
    Notes: Abstract A neuropathological study of 41 forensic autopsy cases of hypoxic/ischemic brain damage has been undertaken, using immunohistochemical staining to detect the 70-kDa heat shock protein (hsp70) and the status of the glial cells. In cases surviving 2–5 h after hypoxic/ischemic injury, ischemic cell changes were seen whereas glial reactions were not apparent. In cases of longer survival, neuronal necrosis and a loss of neurons were seen, and these changes were accompanied by proliferation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vimentin-positive astrocytes and microglia which transformed into rod cells or lipid-laden macrophages. In cases with a history of hypoxic attacks, GFAP-positive and vimentin-negative astrocytes had proliferated in the CA3 and CA4 regions of hippocampus. The cases of severe hypoxic injury, such as an asthmatic attack and choking, showed no ischemic changes in the hippocampul neurons. On the other hand, the CA1 pyramidal cells showed neuronal necrosis in a patient suffering from tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), who survived for 2 h after a traffic accident. Therefore, it is suggested that even moderate hypoxic injury induces astrocytosis in the CA3 and CA4 regions and may affect the neuronal proteins and the metabolism, and that in cases with a history of hypoxic attacks neuronal damage may be severe even several hours after ischemic injury. The protein hsp70 expression was found in the CA2, CA3 and CA4 regions in cases of long-term survival after severe hypoxic/ischemic injury and in cases of alcoholic intake or toluene abuse just before acute death. Thus, it is suggested that the detection of hsp70 in the hippocampus indicates hypoxic/ischemic injury or other stress prior to death. In forensic practice, immunohistochemical investigation of the hsp70 and glial cell staining can be of great value for diagnosing not only hypoxic/ischemic brain damage during the process of death but also the victim's past history of hypoxic attacks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 106 (1994), S. 291-293 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: C5b-9(m) ; Immunohistochemistry ; Myocardial infarction ; Putrefaction ; Autolysis ; C5b-9(m) ; Immunhistochemie ; Myokardinfarkt ; Fäulnis ; Autolyse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung C5b-9(m) ist ein spezifischer und sensitiver Marker für Myokardzellnekrosen. Sein diagnostischer Wert in der forensischen Praxis wäre aber stark eingeschränkt, wenn die immunhistologische Darstellung des Komplexes empfindlich gegen Autolyse und Fäulnis wäre. Wir konnten auch nach elftägiger experimentell forcierter Autolyse und Fäulnis C5b-9(m) immunhistochemisch in infarziertem Myokard sicher nachweisen. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt wäre die Diagnose eines Myokardinfarktes in der Hämatoxylin-Eosin-Färbung nicht mehr möglich gewesen. Im Untersuchungszeitraum waren falsch positive immunhistologische Färbungen nicht zu beobachten.
    Notes: Summary C5b-9(m) is a specific and sensitive marker for myocardial cell necrosis. The diagnostic value of this marker would be considerably limited in forensic practice if its immuno-histochemical demonstration were hampered by putrefaction or autolysis. We could demonstrate C5b-9(m) immunohistochemically in necrotic myocardium due to infarction up to the 11th day of experimentally induced putrefaction and autolysis, when reliable demonstration of myocardial infarction with hematoxylin-eosin was no longer possible. Under the experimental conditions of this study, no false positive immunohistochemical staining occurred.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Nesidioblastosis ; Insulin ; Radioimmunoassay ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We present two cases of nesidioblastosis, a common cause of persistent hypoglycemia in infancy that, if inadequately treated, can lead to mental retardation. Tissue insulin data obtained from both radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemistry are presented. In each case, the insulin content correlated well with the quantity of insulinpositive cells in each portion of the pancreas. However, the insulin content varied from case to case and from portion to portion of the same pancreas. Thus, discrepancies in clinical results in nesidioblastosis may be due to variability of insulin content in the resected pancreas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Silver staining ; Aluminium ; Laser microprobe ; Electron microscopy ; Dialysis-associated encephalopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have described new silver-staining methods for the demonstration of lesions in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type. The same procedure was used to visualize characteristic aluminium (Al)-containing inclusions in choroid epithelium, glia and neurons of the central nervous system in dialysis-associated encephalopathy (DAE). Here we describe the patterns and degree of Al deposition in extracerebral tissues of 12 DAE autopsy cases. Light microscopy of silver-stained paraffin sections demonstrated autonomic ganglion cells filled with numerous intracytoplasmic black-stained fine granular inclusions, which were also seen in endocrine tissues (pituitary, parathyroid and adrenal) and in Leydig cells. Heart, liver cells and the testicular tubules were involved, but decalcified bones, haematopoetic elements, hyperplastic epithelium and one case of malignant epithelium lacked inclusions. Laser microprobe mass analysis revealed prominent Al-related mass signals within the en-bloc silver-stained inclusions which were seen at low intensity in adjacent non-stained structures. Electron microscopy demonstrated accumulations of small electron-dense granules intermingling with lipopigments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Cytomegalic inclusion disease ; Viral replication ; Viral regulatory proteins ; Immunohistochemistry ; In situ hybridization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Postmortem tissues from infants with congenital and postnatally acquired human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection were examined by routine histology, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) to determine the dynamics of viral replication in vivo. Histologically, infants in both groups showed characteristic inclusion-bearing cells most commonly in lung, kidney, liver and pancreas. IHC for late proteins using a rabbit polyclonal antibody and ISH for viral genomes detected most of the infected cells as nuclear and/or cytoplasmic signals. However, immunostaining with a monoclonal antibody against viral immediate early (IE) proteins was variable depending on the stage of viral replication within an individual infected cell. In tissues of infants with postnatal HCMV infection, many cells harboured IE antigens, while in tissues from congenital cases most of the affected cells lacked IE antigens and only a few showed cytoplasmic staining. The difference was not caused by the antigenic diversity among viral strains as confirmed by in vitro study. Our findings suggested that congenital infections exhibited uniformly late stage proteins with inactive viral replication at death, while acquired ones remained active. The different viral activity may reflect the immune status of congenital and acquired HCMV infections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: C-kit product ; Immunohistochemistry ; Human normal tissue ; Small cell lung carcinoma ; Seminoma/dysgerminoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Eighteen hundred and eighty-four cases of human solid tumours and 833 samples of normal human tissues, formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded, were examined immunohistochemically for expression of c-kit oncogene product using polyclonal antibody against synthesized c-kit peptide. Seminoma/dysgerminoma and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) show preferential c-kit expression at 92% and 36% frequency, respectively, whereas only sporadic cases of cervical carcinoma and non-SCLC lung carcinoma show c-kit positivity. A normal tissue counterpart positive for c-kit product is detected in the testis (spermatocyte) and ovary (oocyte) but not in the lung or the cervix. In contrast, normal epithelial cells of the breast, skin basal cells and tissue mast cells harbour c-kit product, but transformed cells of the former two are largely deficient in the c-kit protein. One hundred and thirty-nine neuroendocrine tumours and 39 non-pulmonary small cell carcinomas were all negative, except for two cases of neuroblastoma. This indicates a distinct character for SCLC in c-kit expression. The c-kit product may be a useful marker in diagnostic pathology of seminoma/dysgermona and SCLC among human solid tumours, and in distinction of SCLC from non-pulmonary small cell carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Cathepsin D ; Cathepsin E ; Rosai-Dorfman disease ; Langerhans' cell histiocytosis ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Nosological classification of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML; Rosai-Dorfman disease) is difficult, and the normal cellular counterpart of Rosai-Dorfman (RD) cells is uncharacterised. The peculiar S-100+ phenotype of RD cells suggests a relationship with the dendritic cell family. Recent investigations have revealed cathepsin E to be selectively concentrated in antigen-presenting cells, whereas cathepsin D was found to be expressed in cells of macrophage lineage. Cathepsin D and E distribution was investigated by immunohistochemistry in a series of SHML biopsies and in two types of dendritic cell proliferative lesions: dermatopathic lymphadenitis (DL) and Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH). In SHML biopsies, RD cells and monocyte-related elements of the sinuses and pulp coexpressed cathepsin D and E. LCH cells also stained for both these aspartic proteinases. Conversely, in DL cathepsin E and D were localised to separate cells that resembled Langerhans' cells (LC) or macrophages, respectively, in morphology and distribution. Our data outline the peculiar immunophenotype of RD and LCH cells and suggest that caution should be exercised in the identification of their normal cellular counterpart. The common expression of cathepsin D and E and of S-100 protein suggests some phenotypic overlap between SHML and LCH cells, despite their striking morphological divergence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Bcl-2 protein ; Mesothelioma ; Pleura ; Immunohistochemistry ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Immunohistochemical study of bcl-2 protein immunoreactivity in human non-neoplastic mesothelium (44 cases) and in malignant mesothelioma (62 cases) using a murine monoclonal antibody (clone 124) showed cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for bcl-2 protein in five cases of malignant mesothelioma. Non-neoplastic mesothelium was not immunoreactive. Immunoreactivity for bcl-2 protein does not add useful prognostic information in malignant mesothelioma since survival times of bcl-2 positive and bcl-2 negative cases did not differ. Nevertheless, the detection of bcl-2 protein in malignant mesothelioma might be useful for the differentiation from reactive mesothelium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Bcl-2 protein ; Mesothelioma ; Pleura ; Immunohistochemistry ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Immunohistochemical study of bcl-2 protein immunoreactivity in human non-neoplastic mesothelium (44 cases) and in malignant mesothelioma (62 cases) using a murine monoclonal antibody (clone 124) showed cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for bcl-2 protein in five cases of malignant mesothelioma. Non-neoplastic mesothelium was not immunoreactive. Immunoreactivity for bcl-2 protein does not add useful prognostic information in malignant mesothelioma since survival times of bcl-2 positive and bcl-2 negative cases did not differ. Nevertheless, the detection of bcl-2 protein in malignant mesothelioma might be useful for the differentiation from reactive mesothelium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Cytokeratin Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia ; lymphoma ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This report presents a case of common acute lymphoblastic leukaemia-lymphoma expressing low molecular weight cytokeratin but no leukocyte common antigen (CD45) in a 57-year-old man. The unusual morphology and clinical course together with the aberrant immunohistochemical results suggested a diagnosis of undifferentiated carcinoma. A detailed immunohistochemistry study on frozen and paraffin sections and molecular analysis prevented a diagnostic mistake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Breast ; Fibrous histiocytoma ; Giant cells ; Flow cytometry ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe a benign mammary mesenchymal tumour with atypical stromal giant cells in the contralateral breast of a 66-year-old woman with infiltrating ductal carcinoma. The clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical features of this tumour suggest a pleomorphic variant of fibrous histiocytoma. This benign lesion represents a possible pitfall in breast pathology when interpreting a frozen section or fine needle aspiration biopsy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Breast neoplasms ; Apocrine glands ; Immunohistochemistry ; Hybridization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The frequency and the significance of apocrine differentiation in carcinomas of the breast are uncertain, because of the lack of reliable and reproducible criteria for morphological diagnosis. The 15 kDa glycoprotein of cystic breast disease (GCDFP-15) is regarded as a specific functional marker of apocrine cells. Expression of the prolactin-inducible protein (PIP)/GCDFP-15 gene was investigated by Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization in breast cancer cell lines and in an unselected series (33 cases) of primary carcinomas of the breast. On the same cases, histological assessment of apocrine differentiation and immunocytochemical detection of GCDFP-15 were also performed and correlated with follow-up data. The presence of PIP/GCDFP-15 mRNA was a feature of a relatively high number of cases, but was incompletely correlated with histological and immunocytochemical evidences of apocrine differentiation. Expression of the PIP/GCDFP-15 gene was significantly associated with relapse-free survival, and may represent a novel variable of functional and prognostic relevance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 424 (1994), S. 39-46 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Proliferating cell nuclear antigen ; Immunohistochemistry ; Breast carcinomas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), was examined by immunohistochemistry in 509 breast carcinomas. The immunoreactivity was found to be independent of the length of fixation when the tissue sections were microwaved before incubation with the primary antibody. The PCNA immunoreactivity was assessed by two semi-quantitative methods, which were correlated but not exchangeable. The comedo type of intraductal carcinomas and invasive ductal carcinomas had a higher PCNA score than other types. Lymph node metastases had a significantly higher PCNA score than primary carcinomas. High PCNA immunoreactivity was correlated with the presence of lymph node metastases, absence of tubule formation, numerous mitoses, severe nuclear pleomorphism, high histological grade and absence of progesterone receptors (PgR). PCNA in lymph node positive tumours was correlated with tumour type, especially with ductal carcinomas, absence of tubule formation, high histological grade and absence of PgR, whereas PCNA in lymph node negative tumours was correlated with large tumour size, numerous mitoses, severe nuclear pleomorphism and high histological grade. Number of mitoses and nuclear pleomorphism were the two most important factors in predicting the PCNA score; the absence of PgR and nuclear pleomorphism were important in lymph node negative and positive tumours, respectively. In a univariate analysis high PCNA score was found to be correlated with shorter relapse-free period and poorer over-all survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: v-src oncogene ; Rous sarcoma virus ; Fibrohistiocytic tumour ; Immunohistochemistry ; Southern blotting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The observation that v-src-induced tumors contain tumor cells of differing morphology, notably fibroblastoid or polygonal, raised the question as to whether the tumor cells are also heterogeneous with respect to expression of markers of cellular differentiation. Of the markers tested here, consistent reactivity for tumor tissue was noted only for antibody probes reactive to muscle actin (HHF35, αsm-1) or to procollagen type I (SP1. D8); for any given tumor, whether induced by v-src DNA or by Rous sarcoma virus, each of these markers was found only in a subpopulation of tumor cells. The observation of marker heterogeneity in the one v-src DNA-induced tumor examined here that typed as monoclonal suggests that v-src-induced transformation is consonant with a degree of plasticity in the phenotypes of the clonal progeny of a single transformant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Malignant fibrous histiocytoma ; Soft tissue sarcomas ; Immunohistochemistry ; Monoclonal antibody
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An immunohistochemical study on frozen sections was carried out on 51 malignant tumours of soft tissue and bone using the FU-3 monoclonal antibody. This antibody is claimed to be specific for malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) and liposarcoma and for normal and tumour cells located in perivascular fields. The results show a lack of specificity in MFH staining: several malignant tumours such as synovial sarcoma, fibrosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, and including an anaplastic malignant melanoma, presented positive staining somewhat similar to that found in MFH. The value of this antibody in the differential diagnosis of MFH is doubtful. It might be useful to recognize a common pathway of terminal differentiation expressed by several pleomorphic sarcomatous neoplasms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 424 (1994), S. 267-271 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Keratin ; Immunohistochemistry ; MNNG ; Oesophageal carcinoma ; Shrew
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of keratins in N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced oesophageal carcinomas in shrews was tested immunohistochemically, using a panel of seven different monoclonal antibodies. The studies were done on methacarn-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue, using the labelled streptavidin biotin method, and the relationship between morphological characteristics and keratin reaction patterns in carcinomas was analysed and compared with that in adjacent “normal” oesophageal epithelium. In the normal oesophageal epithelia, KL1, AE1, AE3, CK8.12 and CK4.62 stained suprabasal cells, 312C8-1 reacted to basal cells, and KS-1A3 labelled all epithelial cells. In squamous cell carcinomas, almost all the cancer cells were labelled strongly by 312C8-1 and weakly by KS-1A3, while a few cells in the centres of the keratinized foci were stained by KL1, AE1, AE3, CK8.12, and CK4.62. Like human oesophageal carcinomas, shrew oesophageal carcinomas maintain expression of human keratin 14, as determined by 312C8-1. The expression of human keratin 13, as determined by KS-1A3, was down-regulated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Gastric cancer ; Alpha-catenin ; Immunohistochemistry ; E-cadherin ; Cancer invasion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract E-cadherin (E-cad) plays a major role in the maintenance of cell-cell adhesion in epithelial tissues, and impaired E-cad expression correlates with tumour invasion and metastasis. Alpha-catenin (α-cat), an undercoat protein of adherens junctions, binds to the cytoplasmic domain of E-cad and is essential for linking E-cad to actin-based cytoskeleton. We investigated E-cad and α-cat expression in 60 human gastric cancers immunohistochemically. The 60 gastric cancers were classified into 18 (30%) in which α-cat expression was preserved, and 42 (70%) reduced cases. The reduction of α-cat expression was significantly related to dedifferentiation, depth of invasion, infiltrative growth and lymph node metastasis. We also examined the co-expression of α-cat and E-cad. Seventeen (28%) tumours preserved both molecules [α-cat(+)/E-cad(+)] and 33 (55%) tumours reduced both [α-cat(−)/E-cad(−)], whereas 9 (15%) tumours exhibited α-cat(−)/E-cad(+). The frequency of lymph node metastasis in α-cat(−)/E-cad(+) tumour (67%) was significantly higher than that in α-cat(+)/E-cad(+) tumours (24%) and was close to that in α-cat(−)/E-cad(−) tumours (82%). The frequency of haematogenous liver metastasis in α-cat(−)/E-cad(+) tumours (44%) was significantly higher than that in α-cat(+)/E-cad(+) tumours (6%) or α-cat(−)/E-cad(−) tumours (9%). Thus, in all E-cad(+) tumours, the frequency of lymph node and liver metastasis was higher in α-cat(−) tumours than in α-cat(+) tumours. α-Cat expression is apparently better at predicting tumour invasion and metastasis than E-cad expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: p53 ; Immunohistochemistry ; Breast cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To clarify whether p53 protein expression is involved in multistep carcinogenesis or the progression of mammary ductal carcinoma, we investigated p53 protein expression in 83 invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC), 10 IDC with a predominant intraductal component, 13 non-invasive ductal carcinoma (NIDC), 16 atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and 39 benign epithelial hyperplasia (EH), using immunohistochemistry. Expression of p53 protein was detected in 24 (28.9%) cases of IDC, 5 (50%) cases of IDC with a predominant intraductal component and 1 (7.6%) case of NIDC. No expression was observed in either ADH or EH. In IDC, including cases with a predominant intraductal component, p53 protein expression was associated with a higher histological grade (P〈0.0001) or mitotic index (P〈0.0005). Although overexpression of c-erbB-2 protein has also shown a similar association with these prognostic indicators, expression of p53 protein correlated regardless of the status of c-erbB-2 overexpression. Completely coordinated expression of p53 protein was seen in both intraductal and invasive components. The intraductal component in IDC including cases with a predominant intraductal component which expresses p53 protein had significantly higher histological grade (P〈0.0005) or more comedo-subtypes (P〈0.0001). These results suggested that p53 protein expression occurs at a stage of NIDC with high histological grade or in comedo-subtypes. Its expression is maintained throughout invasion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Mesenchymoma ; Osteoclast ; Giant cell Malignant fibrous histiocytoma ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Three cases of malignant mesenchymoma with numerous osteoclast-like giant cells, arising in deep soft tissue, and which mimicked the so-called giant cell variant of “malignant fibrous histiocytoma” have been studied. All three neoplasms arose in adults; two patients were male and one was female. Two tumours arose in the thigh, and one in the right shoulder. Two patients died within 2 years of the primary excision while the third is alive and well at 2.5 years. Histologically, one case showed leiomyosarcoma plus liposarcoma, one leiomyosarcoma plus osteosarcoma, and one tumour consisted of liposarcoma plus osteosarcoma; all components were assessed morphologically as high-grade malignant. All three cases showed prominent osteoclast-like giant cells in the leiomyosarcomatous or osteosarcomatous areas, thereby closely mimicking the phenotype of so-called giant cell variant of “malignant fibrous histiocytoma”. We discuss briefly differences in soft tissue sarcomas demonstrating this distinctive osteoclast-rich phenotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Thyroid ; Follicular tumour ; Oxyphilic cell tumour ; PCNA ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The expression of proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in follicular tumours of the thyroid was examined by immunohistochemistry. Both usual nonoxyphilic cell follicular tumours (non-OCT) and oxyphilic cell tumours (OCT) were subdivided into benign, indeterminate, encapsulated carcinoma, and widely invasive carcinoma types. Among non-OCT the percentages of PCNA-positive cells in benign tumours, encapsulated carcinomas, and widely invasive carcinomas was 2.5%–8.6%, 11.8%–39.1%, and 18.6%–20.0%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between benign tumours and encapsulated or widely invasive carcinomas, as in previous studies. A value of 10% was appropriate to distinguish benign from malignant lesions. PCNA-positive cells in indeterminate-type non-OCT were not significantly different from those in benign tumours, ranging from 4.3%–19.6%, and occurring at more than 10% in three of six tuours. Among OCT the positivity was less than 10% in benign tumours (4.5%–7.8%) and more than 10% in malignant tumours (14.1%–35.9%) and all the eight indeterminate tumours (12.5%–27.3%), with a statistically significant differences between the benign tumour and each of the latter types. These results indicate that the examination of PCNA is valuable in diagnosis of thyroid follicular tumours and that the use of similar diagnostic criteria may be warranted in both non-OCT and OCT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 425 (1994), S. 69-72 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: GLUT-1 Glucose transporter protein ; Immunohistochemistry ; Microvessel endothelium ; Hippocampus ; Alzheimer's disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Changes in cerebral microvessel ultrastructure have been reported to occur in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In order to investigate whether these changes are associated with compromised blood-brain transport mechanisms, hippocampal formation sections from AD and age-matched normal brains were immunolabelled with an antibody to the GLUT-1 glucose transporter protein. GLUT-1 immunolabelling of microvessel endothelium was significantly reduced in the AD compared to normal hippocampal formation. Thus, AD is associated with a reduction in cerebral microvessel endothelium glucose transporter content, which may result in decreased glucose availability to the brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Endothelin-1 ; Adrenal gland ; Adrenal tumour ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Endothelin (ET)-1 is a 21-amino acid peptide with potent vasopressor and vasocontrictive properties. Biochemical studies suggest that this peptide occurs in adrenal glands, where it influences steroid hormone production. However, we have found no report of the topographical distribution of this peptide. The localization of ET-1 immunoreactivity in non-neoplastic (37 cases) and neoplastic adrenal glands (48 cases) was investigated with a sensitive immunohistochemical technique applied to routinely processed tissue specimens. ET-1 immunoreactivity was regularly seen in the cortex, especially in the zona fasciculata and to a varying extent also in the other two zones, but not in the medulla. The immunoreactive material appeared in the cytoplasm mostly in the form of vacuolar structures but also as grains. Focally, the cell membrane also showed immunoreactive staining. In the zona reticularis the immunoreactivity appeared mainly as cytoplasmic grains. Most cortical adenomas displayed numerous immunoreactive cells. The immunoreactivity in the tumour tissue appeared in the same forms as in normal cortex, but the reactive products were generally fewer in number. No obvious differences in immunostaining were seen between the aldosterone- and cortisol-producing adenomas or the non-functioning ones. Three of the ten carcinomas contained immunoreactive cells, but they were few, appearing focally and the ET-1 immunoreactive structures were seen as ‘dust-like’ material. The difference in immunoreactivity between the benign and the malignant cortical neoplasms may be of diagnostic value. Functionally our results support a relationship between ET-1 and steroid regulation in non-neoplastic cortical tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 425 (1994), S. 315-320 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Giant cell reparative granuloma ; Solid aneurysmal bone cyst ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Giant cell reparative granuloma (GCRG) is a reactive bone lesion that most often involves the jaws. However, occasional cases of GCRG in the distal extremities have been reported, to which we add five cases. All the patients were young to middle-aged adults and had sharply bordered, lytic lesions. Histologically, all the lesions had areas of osteoclast-like giant cells and osteoblast mantled osteoid. Two of the cases had foci of osteoclast-like giant cells lining vascular spaces. In extragnathic locations, GCRG may simulate other osteolytic giant cells lesions such as giant cell tumour of bone and aneurysmal bone cyst (AnBC). Immunohistochemically, all cases showed positive staining of the stromal spindle cells for vimentin and actin, and of the osteoclast-like giant cells for CD68, vimentin and leucocyte common antigen. GCRG is a benign lesion and conservative therapy is curative. As GCRG may have histological features which resemble AnBC it may be considered to be the solid variant of AnBC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Tenascin ; Stomach ; Hyperplasia Carcinoma ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Wie studied the expression of tenascin (Tn) in human stomach. In the normal mucosa of the antrum and body, Tn reaction was only seen in the muscularis mucosae, in the region of the pyloric sphincter and in the duodenum, a Tn-immunoreactive rim was seen underlying surface epithelial cells. Antral gastritis, irrespective of the degree of inflammation, showed a rim-like Tn expression under the surface epithelial cells but no Tn reaction was seen in mild chronic gastritis of the body. In some moderate and severe examples of chronic gastritis a delicate Tn-reactive line was seen to underline the surface epithelium focally and the neck regions of gastric pits. Discontinuous Tn immunoreactivity was sometimes seen beneath hyperplastic epithelium in both parts of the stomach. A Tn-immunoreactive line was seldom seen surrounding glands showing intestinal metaplasia. In both benign and malignant ulcers prominent Tn immunoreaction was seen at the base of ulcers extending deep into the underlying muscularis. Only severely dysplastic lesions displayed Tn in the lamina propria, in close association with capillaries. In early forms of diffuse gastric cancer (DGCA) raggedly increased Tn staining was seen in the lamina propria underlying affected surface epithelial cells. In advanced forms of DGCA consistent Tn expression was seen in the tumour stroma. A distinct Tn reaction was seen surrounding invasive tumour cell nests of intestinal type gastric cancer (IGCA) in the submucosa, whereas in early forms of the tumour enhanced Tn reaction was noted predominantly in the upper part of the lamina propria in the vicinity of dysplastic elements. Notably, while most invading DGCA tumour cell nests showed no Tn in the submucosa and muscle cell layer, invading IGCA islets showed prominent expression of Tn. The most conspicuous Tn enhancement in the stomach is seen in invasive tumours and in ulcers suggesting that Tn is an important stromal component in malignant growth and in lesions undergoing active repair and remodelling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystoadenocarcinoma ; Immunohistochemistry ; K-ras mutation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Special immunohistochemical stains for the identification of gastroenteropancreatic antigens in two cases of primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystoadenocarcinomas (PRMC) show that these tumours have patterns similar to ovarian mucinous tumours. Markers of pyloric type gastric mucosa differentiation (M1, cathepsin E, concavavalin A, pepsinogen II) are mostly positive in benign and borderline areas with endocervical type differentiation, while immunoreactivity for intestinal cell markers (M3SI and CAR-5) and for DU-PAN-2 is present mainly in frankly malignant areas, regardless of differentiation type. DNA analysis shows a point mutation of K-ras oncogene at codon 12 (GGT to CGT) in one case. The immunohistochemical and genotypic similarity of PRMC and ovarian mucinous tumours may indicate similar mechanisms in their histogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Adenocarcinoma ; Immunohistochemistry ; Tumour suppressor gene ; Ethnicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Gastric cancer is more than twice as common in Hispanics as in Anglos in Texas, while colorectal cancer is almost twice as common in Anglos as Hispanics. To test the hypothesis that mutations in the p53 tumour suppressor gene are involved in these differences, we examined 131 gastric and 138 colorectal cancers from Hispanic and Anglo patients from South Texas and Mexico using immunohistochemistry (IHC) as a screening assay for p53 mutations. The fraction of p53 positive cases was not significantly different in gastric cancers from Hispanics compared to Anglos (43% versus 61%, respectively, p=0.13) or in colorectal cancer (57% versus 58%, respectively, p=1.0), suggesting that p53 mutations are not involved in causing the different incidences of these cancers in these populations. In addition, the types of p53 mutations arising in gastric tumours from Hispanic patients were consistent with those reported in gastric tumours in other populations. Sequencing of mutations in five gastric cancers revealed two G: C to A: T transitions, two A: T to G: C transitions and one complex deletion. In contrast with findings in studies in other tumour types, neither stage nor survival was associated with p53 positive staining by IHC in either gastric or colorectal tumours in this study. Positive p53 immunostaining was associated with the diffuse histological subtype in gastric carcinoma (p=0.05) and high histological grade in colorectal carcinoma (p=0.04).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: L-pyruvate kinase ; M2-pyruvate kinase ; Kidney neoplasms ; Carbohydrate metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Using immunohistochemical and enzyme biochemical methods we investigated the expression of L- and M2-pyruvate kinase (PK) in normal renal tissue, renal cell carcinomas (RCCs; of clear cell, chromophilic cell and mixed cell type) and RCC metastases. L-PK was expressed in the proximal tubules of normal renal tissue and, to a variable extent, in 23/25 primary RCCs, in 1 RCC recurrence and in 10 RCC metastases. Staining intensity and percentage of stained tissue did not correlate with tumour grade. One renal oncocytoma and all extrarenal malignancies examined lacked L-PK immunoreactivity. M2-PK was mainly expressed in the distal tubules of the normal kidney and was found in all renal tumours as well as extrarenal malignancies. Quantitative biochemical investigations yielded a two- to seventeen-fold increase in PK activity in RCCs compared to the normal renal cortex taken from the same patient, whereas fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and cytosolic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was dramatically lower in RCCs. Otherwise, the activity of all other enzymes investigated (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, enolase and lactate dehydrogenase) was not significantly changed in the RCCs. The immunocytochemical results suggest that L-PK is a useful marker for RCC and its metastases, if acetone-fixed tissue is available. The quantitative changes of the concentration of PK and other enzymes in RCCs when compared with normal renal tissue probably reflect metabolic alterations related to tumour growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Pulmonary artery ; Neoplasm ; Sarcoma ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Herein we report the clinicopathological features of four cases of pulmonary artery sarcoma that appeared at our institution during a period of 30 years. The patients, 2 males and 2 females, were 50–62 years old. Tumour was found in the pulmonary trunk and right pulmonary artery in all cases, in the pulmonary valve and left pulmonary artery in three of the four cases, and in the right ventricular outflow tract in one case. There was direct extension or metastases to the lungs in two cases, the heart in one case, mediastinum or lymph nodes in two cases and the pleura in one case. Ultrastructural examination in one case revealed cells with features of smooth muscle cells and myofibroblasts. Immunohistochemical examination of three cases gave the following results: vimentin and smooth muscle specific actin was positive in all three cases, desmin in one case and cytokeratin in one case. No positivity was found for Factor VIII. This and other studies indicate that histologically most pulmonary artery sarcomas are leiomyosarcomas or “undifferentiated spindle cell sarcomas”. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examinations favour an origin from myofibroblasts, probably derived from multipotent (undifferentiated) cells in the wall of the vessel. Most lesions show extensive intrathoracic growth although they rarely metastasize outside the thoracic cavity. They have a poor prognosis although some cases are currently being diagnosed during life.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Extracellular matrix ; Immunohistochemistry ; Squamous cell carcinoma ; Invasiveness ; Metastasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The expression of extracellular matrices (ECMs) laminin (LN), type IV collagen (IV C), heparansulphate proteoglycan (HS-PG), fibronectin (FN), tenascin (TN), decorin and vitronectin (VN) was examined immunohistochemically in 112 primary tumours and 29 metastatic cervical lymph nodes in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In highly invasive primary tumours, the expression of LN, IV C and HS-PG in the basement membrane along the tumour-stroma borderline and the expression of decorin and VN in the tumour stroma at the invasive site were all significantly decreased. The expression of FN and TN in the tumour stroma at the same site was markedly increased. In peritumour stroma in metastatic lymph nodes, LN, IV C, HS-PG, decorin and VN were weakly expressed, while FN and TN were strongly expressed. Thus, the staining pattern of the ECMs in the metastatic lymph nodes was similar to that in highly invasive primary tumours. Furthermore, in primary tumours of metastatic cases, the expression of LN, IV C, HS-PG, decorin and VN obviously decreased, while the expression of FN and TN increased when compared with those of the non-metastatic cases. The investigation of ECMs in OSCC was valuable in predicting tumour behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Cathepsin D ; Cathepsin E ; Rosai-Dorfman disease ; Langerhans' cell histiocytosis ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Nosological classification of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML; Rosai-Dorfman disease) is difficult, and the normal cellular counterpart of Rosai-Dorfman (RD) cells is uncharacterised. The peculiar S-100+ phenotype of RD cells suggests a relationship with the dendritic cell family. Recent investigations have revealed cathepsin E to be selectively concentrated in antigen-presenting cells, whereas cathepsin D was found to be expressed in cells of macrophage lineage. Cathepsin D and E distribution was investigated by immunohistochemistry in a series of SHML biopsies and in two types of dendritic cell proliferative lesions: dermatopathic lymphadenitis (DL) and Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH). In SHML biopsies, RD cells and monocyte-related elements of the sinuses and pulp coexpressed cathepsin D and E. LCH cells also stained for both these aspartic proteinases. Conversely, in DL cathepsin E and D were localised to separate cells that resembled Langerhans' cells (LC) or macrophages, respectively, in morphology and distribution. Our data outline the peculiar immunophenotype of RD and LCH cells and suggest that caution should be exercised in the identification of their normal cellular counterpart. The common expression of cathepsin D and E and of S-100 protein suggests some phenotypic overlap between SHML and LCH cells, despite their striking morphological divergence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Thromboplastin ; Atherosclerosis ; Electron microscopy ; Cell culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The expression of tissue factor (TF) antigen by circulating monocytes, cultured macrophages, and macrophages associated with atherosclerotic lesions was ultrastructurally analysed using immunogold labeling. A subpopulation of macrophages associated with the intimal surface overlying lesions had a significant TF expression. Macrophages and macrophage foam cells that projected from the intima into the arterial lumen also expressed a high level of TF (14-fold increase over control). In contrast, circulating monocytes and macrophages in culture did not express TF above background control levels. This TF expression by macrophages in vivo but not by macrophages cultured from either normal or hypercholesterolemic animals suggests that monocyte activation and macrophage transition, as measured by TF expression, is lesion-dependent and not stimulated solely by intimal attachment, surface migration, or hypercholesterolemia. These results further suggest that macrophages and foam cells associated with early lesions of atherosclerosis can initiate fibrin formation, which could contribute to lesion complications and transition to a fibromuscular stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Intermediate filament proteins ; Cervix ; Neoplasia ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated the expression of keratin subtypes 7, 8, 10, 13, 14, 17, 18 and 19 in the normal cervix, in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions and in cervical carcinomas, using a selected panel of monoclonal keratin antibodies, reactive with routinely processed, formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue fragments. The reaction patterns derived for each keratin antibody were compared with known expression patterns of the various epithelia, previously examined in frozen tissues. Although the reactivity of the antibodies was generally acceptable, considerable modifications to the manufacturers' staining instructions were often necessary. For some antibodies, which were previously thought to be reactive with fresh frozen tissue only, we developed staining protocols rendering them reactive with routinely processed material. As with previous findings in frozen sections we observed increasing expression of keratins 7, 8, 17, 18 and 19 with increasing grade of CIN. In cervical carcinomas the differences in keratin detectability between the main categories were more pronounced than in frozen sections, probably due to fixation and processing. For routine pathology, keratin phenotyping of cervical lesions may be of value in classification. The fact that keratin 7 was detected for the first time in reserve cells, and that this keratin was also found to be expressed in a considerable number of CIN lesions and cervical carcinomas supports the suggestion that reserve cells are a common progenitor cell for these lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Metallothionein ; Immunohistochemistry ; Colorectal cancer ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Metallothioneins (MTs), a set of ubiquitous low-molecular-weight proteins essential for the protection of cells against heavy metal ion toxicity, were demonstrated immunohistochemically using a monoclonal antibody (E9) against a conserved epitope of I and II isoforms in a series of 109 colorectal adenocarcinomas. In a semiquantitative analysis strong MT expression in the majority of tumour cells was observed in 34 (31%) cases, 24 (22%) tumours showed a focal MT positivity, and 51 (47%) almost completely lacked MT expression. These differences in MT expression were statistically significantly (P〈0.05) associated with the tumour stage (Dukes classification) and the lymph node involvement at the time of operation (pN stages). However, in contrast to previous findings obtained on a variety of tumours, MT positivity was associated with a favourable clinical outcome in colonic carcinoma, which may indicate their different biological behaviour. Survival curves of cases with MT-positive and MT-negative status differed from each other in a univariate analysis (Mantel-Haenszel: 8.9, P〈0.05) but lost significance when a multivariate analysis was carried out by means of the Cox proportional regression model with Dukes' stages as a stratification factor. It is concluded that immunohistochemically demonstrated MT expression is significantly associated with tumour stages but does not represent an independent prognostic variable in colorectal cancer. However, it may provide important information about some of the biological mechanisms underlying progression in colorectal cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Phototoxicity ; Aluminum-chlorophtalocyanine ; Electron microscopy ; DAB staining
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In vitro experiments were performed on human bladder carcinoma cells to evaluate the uptake of aluminum-chlorophthalocyanine (AlSPc) and the subcellular target of phototoxicity. In order to quantify the correlation of intracellular uptake and incubation time and to identify the primary subcellular target of phototoxicity, fluorescence and absorption measurements have been carried out as well as electron microscopic studies. Absorption and fluorescence measurements showed the largest value after 24 h of incubation time. Fluorescence microscopic studies suggested the sensitizer to be located in a brighter patch within cytoplasm. Electron microscopic studies using DAB (3,3′ diaminobenzidine) staining showed that the mitochondria are the primary target of phototoxic activity of AlSPc and that the majority of vacuoles of treated cells were originally mitochondria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Urological research 22 (1994), S. 197-203 
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: MDCK ; Calcium oxalate ; Oxalate ; Scanning ; Electron microscopy ; Trypan blue ; Adenine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The reaction of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells (MDCK) to potassium oxalate (KOx), calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals, or a combination of the two was studied. The most noticeable effect of exposure of the cells to either KOx or COM crystals was loss of cells from the monolayer ranging from 20% to 30%, depending upon the particular treatment. Cellular enzyme values in the media were elevated significantly by 12h of exposure, although in specific instances, elevated levels occurred at earlier time periods. As regards the monolayer, trypan blue exclusion was decreased significantly, although amounting to only a 4–5% reduction. Specific tritiated release occurred at 4 and 12 h after exposure to KOx and at 12 h after exposure to crystals. Structurally, COM-cell interactions were complex and extensive endocytosis was noted. Cells were released from culture either as cellcrystal complexes or from the intercellular spaces after exocytosis. When treatment were combined the effects were only slightly additive, but the two treatments potentiated each other: all media enzyme levels (with one exception) were elevated at 2 h, tritiated adenine release was present at 4 h, and there was more extensive cell loss from the culture monolayer. These data suggest that both KOx and COM crystals damage MDCK cells when applied alone, and in concert they act synergistically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Urological diseases ; Epidermal growth factor ; Epidermal growth factor receptor ; Transitional cell carcinoma ; Nephrectomy ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To examine the excretion of urinary epidermal growth factor (EGF) in urological diseases and the relationship of EGF urine levels with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), we measured the concentration of EGF by radioimmunoassay. The series comprised patients with active TCC (n=50), others in tumor-free status (n=29) and with non-neoplastic inflammatory diseases (n=43), and normal controls (n=50). Urinary EGF values were lower in patients with urological diseases of different etiologies than in normal controls (P〈0.005). Mean EGF levels of patients who had previous bladder tumor resection (n=21) were not statistically different from normal controls (P=0.2). For patients with active TCC, EGF urine levels showed a significant inverse relationship to increasing tumor grade (P=0.02). In addition, subjects who had received nephrectomy for pelvic carcinoma (n=8) showed significantly lower mean EGF values than those with intact kidneys (n=21), irrespective of sex (P〈0.05). Immunostaining of EGF on non-neoplastic kidney (n=9) revealed reactivity in the distal convoluted tubules and thick ascending limbs of Henle. Our results suggest that the kidney is the major source of urinary EGF. Its excretion in urine is decreased in both inflammatory and neoplastic diseases of the urinary tract. EGF may play an important part in the biological activity of TCC. Further study is indicated to investigate the monitoring of EGF urine levels as a marker of recurrence for EGF receptor-positive TCC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words: Manganese superoxide dismutase ; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Free radical ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Neuronal expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS) was investigated by an immunohistochemical method. The brains and spinal cords from 11 patients with sALS and 20 normal controls (NCs) were used, and the following four nuclei (three motor nuclei and one autonomic nucleus) were examined: the oculomotor nucleus; the hypoglossal nucleus; the cervical motor nucleus ; and Onuf's nucleus. Serial sections were stained by the Klüver-Barrera (KB) method and with human-MnSOD-specific antibodies. We counted the total number of neurons visible after KB staining and the total number of positive neurons after immunostaining. The average total number of neurons after KB staining was similar in sALS patients and NCs in both the oculomotor nucleus and Onuf's nucleus, but the number in the hypoglossal and cervical motor nuclei was significantly lower in sALS. The ratio of MnSOD-positive neurons to total neurons visible after KB staining, calculated as an index of the expression of MnSOD, was significantly higher in the oculomotor nucleus and Onuf's nucleus, and lower in the hypoglossal nucleus in sALS patients than in NCs. In the cervical motor nucleus, the ratio in sALS patients did not differ from that in NCs. These results suggest that production of toxic superoxide radicals might be increased in sALS, and that neurons that successfully induce the expression of sufficient MnSOD can survive the disease process, while those failing to activate adequate expression of the enzyme succumb to the toxic effects of the radicals and die.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Mitochondrial myopathy ; Ragged red fibers ; In situ hybridization ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In situ hybridization combined with immunohistochemical techniques has been applied to study patients affected by mitochondrial myopathies with large mitochondrial (mt)DNA deletions. All patients' muscle biopsies showed ragged red fibers (RRFs) and cytochrome oxidase (COX) deficiency. Two digoxygenin-labeled, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplifed DNAs were used as probes. One probe was designed to hybridize only with wild-type mtDNAs, while the other recognized both wild-type and deleted mtDNAs. Concomitant immunocytochemical analysis using antibodies against subunits II, III, (encoded by mtDNA) and IV (encoded by nuclear DNA) of COX was carried out. In our patients deleted mtDNAs are overexpressed in COX-negative RRFs, while wild-type mtDNAs are decreased in the same fibers. Immunohistochemistry studies show that COX IV is overexpressed in RRFs and that COX II and COX III subunits are still present. Deleted mtDNAs are spatially segregated in muscle fibers, where they interfere with the local population of normal mitochondrial genomes, causing a regional deficiency of the mitochondrial respiratory activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Vacuolization ; Neurotoxicity ; Neuropathology ; Electron microscopy ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cytoplasmic vacuoles appear in neurons of the posterior cingulate/retrosplenial cortex (PC/RS) of rats after treatment with N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists. Prominent dilatation of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum has been described within 2 h; however, the ultrastructural features of vacuole formation are unknown. To investigate this, the present study examined the PC/RS cortex of male rats (age 60–70 days) at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min after subcutaneous treatment with 1 mg/kg of the noncompetitive NMDA antagonist MK-801 (dizocilpine maleate, 5-methyl-10, 11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo [a,d] cyclohepten-5,10-imine). Subtle mitochondrial dilatation was identified in a few neurons as early as 15 min postdose (MPD). By 30 MPD, dilatation was more pronounced in mitochondria and also involved the endoplasmic reticulum and perinuclear space. Ribosomal disaggregation and degranulation were also evident by 30 MPD. At all subsequent time points, dilatation of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum progressed in severity. Although the relative involvement of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum varied, glia were not involved. These ultrastructural data suggest that after treatment with MK-801, mitochondrial dilatation precedes involvement of endoplasmic reticulum in vacuolization of susceptible PC/RS cortical neurons. The early mitochondrial effects identified in this study suggest an initial metabolic insult that rapidly progresses to affect endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes. This strengthens the relationship between the ability of certain NMDA antagonists to induce energy perturbations and neuronal vacuoles in the same region of the rat cerebral cortex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Round granulated body ; Eosinophilic ; hyaline droplets ; Astrocytic tumors ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Round granulated body (RGB) and eosinophilic hyaline droplets (EHDs) have been described as cytoplasmic inclusions of certain astrocytic tumors. In the previous literature, however, these inclusions have been described using various terms or regarded as nosologically the same entity. Light microscopically, RGB appeared as a round discrete body filled with fine uniform granules, while EHDs demonstrated a cluster of bright eosinophilic, round objects of various size. They could be clearly distinguished even by conventional histochemical staining such as the Masson trichrome stain and the phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin preparation. Both RGB and EHDs expressed positive immunoreactions for glial fibrillary acidic protein, several lysosomal markers, and some stress-response proteins. The ultrastructural appearances of these inclusions were distinct, however, one common feature was that they consisted of aggregations of numerous membrane-bound electron-dense bodies. Thus, both inclusions appear to be produced by neoplastic astrocytes and are possibly related to the lysosomal system. We examined the presence of RGB and EHDs in 138 astrocytic tumors. Both inclusions occurred most frequently in pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas, followed by gangliogliomas and pilocytic astrocytomas. Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas exhibited only RGBs. RGBs and EHDs were not seen in any abundance in glioblastomas, gliosarcomas, fibrillary astrocytomas, protoplasmic astrocytomas, or oligo-astrocytomas. Some glioblastomas, however, showed only EHDs in small numbers. Several anaplastic astrocytomas were associated with a large number of RGBs and/or EHDs, and they revealed only rare mitosis despite marked cellular pleomorphism. Although RGB and EHDs have different morphological features, the presence of these inclusions in abundance may represent either a degenerative change, a long-standing lesion, or an indolent growth of the astrocytic tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 87 (1994), S. 398-404 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Astrocyte cultures ; Brain stem infection ; Herpes simplex virus type 1 ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Infection of the CNS by herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) via the trigeminal route to the brain stem was elucidated in a rat model. In contrast to the earlier described cortical and hippocampal infection after intracranial injection, the CNS showed a profound resistance to HSV-1 infection when the virus was administred by nose inoculation, as judged by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. In contrast, when the distribution of HSV-1 in the brain was investigated after nose inoculation by polymerase chain reaction, viral DNA was detected at all levels from the ganglia to the cortex. When replication of HSV-1 was assayed in primary cell cultures of rat astrocytes derived from brain stem, striatum, hippocampus and cerebral cortex, significantly lower virus yields were obtained in brain stem-derived astrocytes cultures as compared with in cortex-derived astrocytes. This finding was independent of whether HSV-1 strains used originated from brains of patients suffering from herpes simplex encephalitis or from patients with oral cutaneous lesions and lacking neurological symptoms. Also, by immunocytochemistry of cultures after HSV-1 infection, a lower number of plaques were seen in brain stem-derived astrocytes as compared with cortex-derived astrocytes. The observed relative resistance of brain stem-derived astrocytes to replicate HSV-1 might contribute to the ability of the brain stem to withstand infection during reactivation of this virus in the trigeminal neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 89 (1994), S. 85-95 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words     Neonatal de-efferentation ; Sensory denervation ; Electron microscopy ; Intrafusal muscle fibre types ; Postnatal myogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract      The ultrastructure of muscle spindles de-efferented by the extirpation of the lumbosacral spinal cord at the age of 2 days and subsequently deprived of their sensory innervation by the section of the sciatic nerve at 3–4 weeks of age was studied in serial sections of 2-month-old rat hindlimb muscles. De-efferentation leaves the primary sensory neurons and their peripheral axons intact and capable of inducing the muscle spindle morphogenesis during the critical period of their development. In de-efferented and subsequently denervated muscle spindles, new supernumerary intrafusal muscle profiles (SIPs) appeared in the muscle spindle A region. They were formed in intimate spatial relation with the original intrafusal muscle fibres (IMFs) predominantly from activated satellite cells derived from both nuclear bag (larger diameter) and nuclear chain fibres. SIPs, however, lacked the typical nuclear accumulations, as well as other ultrastructural distinctions present in control IMFs. The majority of differentiated SIPs separated from original IMFs, whereas the less differentiated SIPs were usually closely apposed to the surface of the parent IMFs and both were covered by the common basal lamina. In some spindles, the original IMFs and/or new SIPs at different stages of their differentiation were found together and they formed clusters of variable shape and composition. In the majority of clusters, all profiles seemed to be isolated along their entire length, although in few clusters, occasional cytoplasmic connections of variable length between intrafusal profiles were found. This result is important for the interpretation of the forthcoming study of expression of muscle spindle-specific myosin heavy chain isoforms in denervated SIPs in rat muscle spindles gradually deprived of their motor and sensory innervation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 190 (1994), S. 55-63 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Neuropeptide Y ; Corpus callosum ; Development ; Transitory axons ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Many immunocytochemical studies have identified different types of neurotransmitters localized in the corpus callosum (CC) axons in the adult mammal. Few studies have looked at the development of different neurochemically identified CC systems. Previous studies on the development of cat CC axons have indicated that a large number of transitory CC axons project to the cortex during early postnatal development. The present study focuses on the development of one neurochemically identified group of CC axons in the cat, labeled with an antibody against neuropeptide Y (NPY), to determine if this group participates in transitory CC axonal growth. Cats at specified ages from birth to adulthood were studied with a routine method of immunocytochemistry for antiserum to NPY. NPY-immunoreactive (ir) CC axons were detected at all stages examined, from newborn to adult; the peak density occurred during postnatal weeks (PNW) 3–4. During PNW 1–2, the denisty of NPY-ir CC axons increased gradually; some NPY-ir axons at this age had growth cones located within the CC bundle between the cerebral hemispheres. The density of the NPY-ir CC axons decreased gradually during PNW 5–7, and from PNW 8 to maturity only a few NPY-ir CC axons were observed. These results indicate that at least two types of NPY-ir CC axons (i.e., transitory and permanent) exist during development, and that most of these axons are eliminated or only express NPY-ir for a short period during development. The results also indicate that neurochemical subsets of CC axons participate in the extensive transitory growth observed by means of the membrane tracer DiI but they may follow unique developmental timetables.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Endocrine cells ; Gut ; Ontogeny ; Electron microscopy ; Dicentrarchus labrax (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The endocrine cells present in the developing stomach of sea bass larvae have been characterized ultrastructurally. Only one endocrine cell type (type I) was found in the presumptive stomach of 9- and 12-day-old larvae, one (type II) and five (types III, IV, V, VI and VII) in the aglandular stomach of 32-, and of 39- to 46-day-old larvae, respectively, and five (types III, VIII, IX, X and XI) in the differentiated stomach of 55- and 60-day-old larvae. A maturation process was established for some of these cells. Types I, II and III and types IV and X were thought to be different maturational stages of the same endocrine cell type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Endocrine cells ; Gut ; Ontogeny ; Electron microscopy ; Dicentrarchus labrax (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Several endocrine cell types were ultrastructurally characterized during the differentiation of the intestine and rectum of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) larvae. Only one cell type (type I) was found in the posterior region of the undifferentiated gut of 5-day-old larvae (phase I). Types V and VI were found in both the intestine and rectum, types II, III and IV in the intestine, and types VII and VIII in the rectum of 9- and 12-day-old larvae (phase II), the rectum alone showing signs of functional differentiation. In phase III larvae, in which both the intestine and rectum were differentiated, types IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV and XV were found in the intestine, only types X, XI and XII being seen in the rectum. Besides these, a new cell type, XVI, was observed in the intestine of 55- and 60-day-old larvae (phase IV), in which the digestive tract was completely differentiated. The endocrine cells appearing in phases I and II showed very scarce secretory granules and the ultrastructural features of undifferentiated cells. Some endocrine cell types in the earliest developmental stages were related to some of those found later. A maturational process of the endocrine cell types paralleled the differentiation of the intestine and rectum, with an apparent increase in the number of secretory granules accompanying organelle development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 87 (1994), S. 578-585 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Motor cortex ; Betz cells ; Immunocytochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This report concerns an immunocytochemical and ultrastructural study of the motor cortices of 11 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Specimens from 12 normal individuals served as controls. Antibodies against phosphorylated neurofilament (PNF; 200 kDa), ubiquitin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and phosphorylated tau protein were used. The pyramidal cells of layer III of all ALS patients were stained, with varying intensities, by the antibody to PNF. By contrast, Betz cells reacted less frequently with this antibody. Staining for GFAP was noted in numerous astrocytes in layer III and at the transition between white matter and motor cortex of most patients. Ubiquitin-positive inclusions were only occasionally seen in Betz cell and pyramidal cell of layer V. These observations indicate that alterations of the motor cortex occur first in the pyramidal cells of layer III rather than in Betz cells. Pyramidal cells and Betz cells were not stained by the antibody to phosphorylated tau protein. In controls, pyramidal cells and Betz cells were less frequently stained with the anti-neurofilament antibody than those from ALS patients. Immunoreactivity of GFAP in layer III and at the junction of white matter and motor cortex was observed in only one patient. Ultrastructural examination revealed that the Betz cells of some ALS patients had Bunina bodies (BB), Lewy body-like inclusions (LBI) and skein-like inclusions (SI), as well as bundles of filaments that were thicker than neurofilaments; some of these filaments appeared to be constricted. The incidence of these inclusions was lower than that seen in anterior horn neurons. Cytoplasmic inclusions such as BB, LBI, and SI were not observed in any of the controls. Our findings suggest that the cytopathology of upper motor neurons is similar to that of lower motor neurons and that the changes seen in Betz cells appear to be a reflection of the lower motor neuron alterations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Managanese superoxide dismutase ; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Free radical ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Neuronal expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS) was investigated by an immunohistochemical method. The brains and spinal cords from 11 patients with sALS and 20 normal controls (NCs) were used, and the following four nuclei (three motor nuclei and one autonomic nucleus) were examined: the oculomotor nucleus; the hypoglossal nucleus; the cervical motor nucleus; and Onuf's nucleus. Serial sections were stained by the Klüver-Barrera (KB) method and with human-MnSOD-specific antibodies. We counted the total number of neurons visible after KB staining and the total number of positive neurons after immunostaining. The average total number of neurons after KB staining was similar in sALS patients and NCs in both the oculomotor nucleus and Onuf's nucleus, but the number in the hypoglossal and cervical motor nuclei was significantly lower in sALS. The ratio of MnSOD-positive neurons to total neurons visible after KB staining, calculated as an index of the expression of MnSOD, was significantly higher in the oculomotor nucleus and Onuf's nucleus, and lower in the hypoglossal nucleus in sALS patients than in NCs. In the cervical motor nucleus, the ratio in sALS patients did not differ from that in NCs. These results suggest that production of toxic superoxide radicals might be increased in sALS, and that neurons that successfully induce the expression of sufficient MnSOD can survive the disease process, while those failing to activate adequate expression of the enzyme succumb to the toxic effects of the radicals and die.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 88 (1994), S. 454-458 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Immunohistochemistry ; Meningioma ; Neurofibroma ; Schwannoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract CD34 is a sialylated transmembrane glyco-protein of unknown function that is present in myeloid progenitor cells, endothelial cells, and some fibroblastrelated mesenchymal cells. However, its tissue distribution is still incompletely characterized. In this study we evaluated the distribution of CD34 antigen in tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system. For comparison the tumors were also stained for CD31, also known as platelet-endothelium cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1), a transmembrane glycoprotein so far considered to be endothelium specific beyond its reactivity with certain hematopoietic cells. Neurofibromas showed consistently high numbers of CD34-positive spindle cells, whereas peripheral and acoustic schwannomas were negative. A subset of meningiomas (15%) showed CD34-positive tumor cells, and some were also weakly positive for CD31. Gliomas were negative. Meningeal hemangiopericytomas were consistently CD34 positive, but CD31 negative. These results indicate a moderately widespread distribution of the CD34 antigen in nervous system tumors, and necessitate caution in making conclusions regarding endothelial cell differentiation of nervous system tumors on the basis of CD34 immunoreactivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Immunohistochemistry ; Medulla oblongata ; Prion protein (PrP) ; Bovine spongiform encephalopathy ; Formalin-fixed tissue
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The efficacy of three pretreatment techniques for the detection of prion protein (PrP) in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)-affected brain tissue were compared using automated image analysis. The most abundant immunostaining was in the form of particulate expression observed in sections pretreated with hydrated autoclaving for 30 min. Considerably less immunostaining occurred in sections pretreated with formic acid and no specific particulate immunostaining was detected in sections pretreated with hydrolytic autoclaving. Hydrated autoclaving pretreatment of sections prior to PrP immunolabelling gives visualisation of widespread sites of abnormal PrP deposition in the brain, allowing detailed study of the form and distribution of the protein in routinely fixed bovine central nervous system affected with BSE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Astrocytes ; Electron microscopy ; Immunocytochemistry ; Pick's disease ; Straight tubules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This report concerns an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of cerebral astrocytes in a patient with Pick's disease of 20 years' duration. The autopsied brain was prominently small (710 g) with marked fronto-temporal lobar atrophy. Histological examination demonstrated profound neuronal loss and spongy changes with tau-positive Pick bodies in the frontal and temporal cortex. In addition, many glial cells in the temporal lobe white matter contained round to oval, argentophilic and slightly hematoxinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions that were also immunolabeled with the anti-tau antibody. On electron microscopy, the glial inclusions were observed in the perikarya of astrocytes that were recognized as such from intracytoplasmic glial filaments and the presence of gap junctions. The inclusions were free in the cytoplasm, without a limiting membrane, and mainly comprised irregular aggregations of bundles of about 15-nm straight tubules, which were indistinguishable from those of intraneuronal Pick bodies. Furthermore, various patterns of accumulation of the same straight tubules were frequently noted in perivascular astrocytic processes carrying a basal lamina. These findings indicate that in Pick's disease astrocytes are also affected by a similar insult to that which affects neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 189 (1994), S. 237-242 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Thyroid cartilage ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mineralization ; Ossification ; Collagens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Thyroid cartilages of various ages were investigated by immunofluorescence staining for localization of the fibrillar collagen types I and II in order to understand the tissue remodeling occurring during the mineralization and ossification of thyroid cartilage. In fetal and juvenile thyroid cartilages, type I collagen was restricted to the inner and outer perichondrium, while type II collagen was localized in the matrix of hyaline cartilage. However, in advanced ages, type I collagen was also localized in the pericellular and in the interterritorial matrix of intermediate and central chondrocytes of thyroid cartilage. The matrix of peripheral chondrocytes was negative for type I collagen. This suggests that some chondrocytes in thyroid cartilage undergo a differentiation to type I collagen-producing chondrocytes. At the beginning of ossification, bone-related type I collagen was chiefly detected in the central cartilage layer, but was never deposited first from the perichondrium in the direction to the subperichondrial cartilage. This observation confirmed previous findings showing that osteogenesis mainly follows an endochondral ossification pattern. Interterritorial matrix failed to react with the type II collagen antibody in men from the beginning of the third decade, and later still in women, even after treatment with hyaluronidase. These observations indicate that major matrix changes occur faster in male than in female thyroid cartilage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words: Perineurial cells ; Nerve regeneration ; Immunohistochemistry ; Epithelial membrane antigen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Perineurial cells are specialized connective tissue cells that form a barrier between endoneurium and epineurium in normal nerves. In the present study, the formation of the perineurium after transection of rat sciatic nerves was investigated. The cord bridging the gap between proximal and distal stumps through silicone tubes was studied 3, 7, 12, 18, and 21 days after surgery using electron microscopy and antibodies against epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), a marker for perineurial cells that has thus far not been applied to the study of differentiating cells in nerve tubulation systems. Initially, a thin cord consisting of fibrin bridged the gap between the stumps. At 7 days, longitudinal cells had migrated from both stumps toward the center of the tubes on the surface of the fibrin cord. These cells were immunoreactive with anti-EMA. At 12 days, ultrastructural features of perineurial cells (desmosomes, tight junctions, actin filaments with dense bodies, tonofilaments) were prominent in these cells. Subsequently, the gap was bridged through the perineurial tube by endothelial cells, pericytes, fibroblasts, Schwann cells, and axons. At 21 days, a single large nerve fascicle ensheathed by a mature perineurium was found between the stumps. Thus, the first cells to connect proximal and distal stumps in the investigated nerve regeneration silicon chamber system are perineurial cells. Through the tube formed by these cells, blood vessels and nerve fibers bridge the gap. Therefore, establishment of a perineurial connection between nerve stumps appears to be important in the sequence of events during nerve regeneration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Vacuolization ; Neurotoxicity ; Neuropathology ; Electron microscopy ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cytoplasmic vacuoles appear in neurons of the posterior cingulate/retrosplenial cortex (PC/RS) of rats after treatment with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists. Prominent dilatation of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum has been described within 2 h; however, the ultrastructural features of vacuole formation are unknown. To investigate this, the present study examined the PC/RS cortex of male rats (age 60 – 70 days) at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min after subcutaneous treatment with 1 mg/kg of the noncompetitive NMDA antagonist MK-801 (dizocilpine maleate, 5-methyl-10, 11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo [a,d] cyclohepten-5,10-imine). Subtle mitochondrial dilatation was identified in a few neurons as early as 15 min postdose (MPD). By 30 MPD, dilatation was more pronounced in mitochondria and also involved the endoplasmic reticulum and perinuclear space. Ribosomal disaggregation and degranulation were also evident by 30 MPD. At all subsequent time points, dilatation of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum progressed in severity. Although the relative involvement of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum varied, glia were not involved. These ultrastructural data suggest that after treatment with MK-801, mitochondrial dilatation precedes involvement of endoplasmic reticulum in vacuolization of susceptible PC/RS cortical neurons. The early mitochondrial effects identified in this study suggest an initial metabolic insult that rapidly progresses to affect endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes. This strengthens the relationship between the ability of certain NMDA antagonists to induce energy perturbations and neuronal vacuoles in the same region of the rat cerebral cortex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 87 (1994), S. 541-544 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Allergic Encephalomyelitis ; Astrocytes ; Demyelination ; Electron microscopy ; Multiple sclerosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 6-year-old boy developed post-infectious encephalomyelitis and underwent a brain biopsy (10 days after the onset of neurologic symptoms). Electron microscopic analysis of brain showed demyelinated axons, thinly myelinated axons, aberrant remyelination, and numerous phagocytes containing myelin debris. Physical stripping of myeling by pseudopodial extensions of macrophages, as reported in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, was noted. Hypertrophic and hyperplastic astrocytes were prominent among the phagocytic cells and played an unexpectedly active role in demyelination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 87 (1994), S. 578-585 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: KeyWordsAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Motor cortex Betz cells ; Immunocytochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This report concerns an immunocytochemical and ultrastructural study of the motor cortices of 11 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Specimens from 12 normal individuals served as con- trols. Antibodies against phosphorylated neurofilament (PNF; 200 kDa), ubiquitin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and phosphorylated tau protein were used. The pyramidal cells of layer III of all ALS patients were stained, with varying intensities, by the antibody to PNF. By contrast, Betz cells reacted less frequently with this antibody. Staining for GFAP was noted in numerous astrocytes in layer III and at the transition between white matter and motor cortex of most patients. Ubiquitin-positive inclusions were only occasionally seen in Betz cell and pyramidal cell of layer V. These observations indicate that alterations of the motor cortex occur first in the pyramidal cells of layer III rather than in Betz cells. Pyramidal cells and Betz cells were not stained by the antibody to phosphorylated tau protein. In controls, pyramidal cells and Betz cells were less frequently stained with the anti-neurofilament antibody than those from ALS patients. Immunoreactivity of GFAP in layer III and at the junction of white matter and motor cortex was observed in only one patient. Ultrastructural examination revealed that the Betz cells of some ALS patients had Bunina bodies (BB), Lewy body-like inclusions (LBI) and skein-like inclusions (SI), as well as bundles of filaments that were thicker than neurofilaments; some of these filaments appeared to be constricted. The incidence of these inclusions was lower than that seen in anterior horn neurons. Cytoplasmic inclusions such as BB, LBI, and SI were not observed in any of the controls. Our findings suggest that the cytopathology of upper motor neurons is similar to that of lower motor neurons and that the changes seen in Betz cells appear to be a reflection of the lower motor neuron alterations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: MyoD1 ; Myopathy ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neurogenic atrophy ; Werdnig-Hoffmann's disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The expression of the myogenic determination gene MyoD1 plays a primary role in the commitment of primitive mesenchymal cells to a striated muscle lineage and is down-regulated during later stages of differentiation. To determine the potential role of this gene in myopathic conditions, we examined its expression by means of immunohistochemical analysis, using a series of muscle biopsies from 14 patients with a variety of primary myopathies and neurogenic disorders. Utilizing the avidin-biotin-complex technique, cryostat sections were stained with monoclonal antibody 5.8 A, which we have previously described as having a high level of specificity for tumors with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation. Of special interest was the observation in 4 of 8 cases of neurogenic atrophy of varying levels of cytoplasmic positivity of muscle fibers, appearing to correlate with their degree of atrophy, in addition to weak nuclear staining. Muscle biopsies from 2 patients with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy and 2 patients with autoimmune inflammatory myopathies demonstrated various levels of nuclear positivity in scattered foci that appeared to correlate with areas of regeneration. A biopsy from a single case of neurogenic atrophy secondary to infantile spinal muscular atrophy (Werdnig-Hoffmann's disease) demonstrated diffuse but relatively weak staining of myofiber nuclei, in contrast to sections of normal striated muscle and muscle biopsies from patients with unexplained myoglobinuria, which exhibited only minimal amounts of staining. These data are compatible with observations that MyoD1 expression is related to electrical activity and muscle regeneration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Inclusion body disease ; Electron microscopy ; Immunohistochemistry ; Viral infection ; Primary metabolic disorder
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A Caucasian female who was noted to be mildly microcephalic at birth was diagnosed as having cerebral palsy at the age of 1 year. Her development was delayed and she never walked or talked. She appeared relatively stable neurologically until the age of 17 years when she had an illness with fever thought to be due to a virus. She was noted to deteriorate from this time on until her death at the age of 19 years. Autopsy revealed intranuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions widespread throughout the brain and visceral organs. There was no evidence of inflammation. Immunohistochemistry revealed strong immunoreactivity for tau protein and neurofilament protein. Electron microscopy revealed the inclusions to be composed of homogeneous finely granular material. Scattered with the granular material in the cytoplasmic bodies were crystalline structures with a honeycomb appearance. The possibility of these changes representing an old viral infection or a primary metabolic disorder are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Perineurial cells ; Nerve regeneration ; Immunohistochemistry ; Epithelial membrane antigen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Perineurial cells are specialized connective tissue cells that form a barrier between endoneurium and epineurium in normal nerves. In the present study, the formation of the perineurium after transection of rat sciatic nerves was investigated. The cord bridging the gap between proximal and distal stumps through silicone tubes was studied 3, 7, 12, 18, and 21 days after surgery using electron microscopy and antibodies against epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), a marker for perineurial cells that has thus far not been applied to the study of differentiating cells in nerve tubulation systems. Initially, a thin cord consisting of fibrin bridged the gap between the stumps. At 7 days, longitudinal cells had migrated from both stumps toward the center of the tubes on the surface of the fibrin cord. These cells were immunoreactive with anti-EMA. At 12 days, ultrastructural features of perineurial cells (desmosomes, tight junctions, actin filaments with dense bodies, tonofilaments) were prominent in these cells. Subsequently, the gap was bridged through the perineurial tube by endothelial cells, pericytes, fibroblasts, Schwann cells, and axons. At 21 days, a single large nerve fascicle ensheathed by a mature perineurium was found between the stumps. Thus, the first cells to connect proximal and distal stumps in the investigated nerve regeneration silicon chamber system are perineurial cells. Through the tube formed by these cells, blood vessels and nerve fibers bridge the gap. Therefore, establishment of a perineurial connection between nerve stumps appears to be important in the sequence of events during nerve regeneration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Omental milky spot ; Megakaryocyte ; Myelopoiesis ; Electron microscopy ; New Zealand Black mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Omental milky spots are especially large and numerous in New Zealand Black (NZB) mice, which are known to develop spontaneous autoimmune diseases. We investigated omental milky spots in NZB mice by light and electron microscopy. The milky spots were composed of abundant lymphocytes/plasma cells with macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, megakaryocytes, and various stromal cells. In addition, clustered neutrophils in various maturation stages with occasional mitotic figures were frequently present in the milky spots: apparent neutrophilic myelopoiesis was present. The presence of megakaryocytes was sporadic. Considering the giant size of megakaryocytes, their direct migration into the milky spots from the bone marrow or spleen seems improbable. Thus, the presence of megakaryocytes was interpreted as probable megakaryopoiesis. Erythroblasts were not contained in the milky spots. These findings seem to indicate that the milky spots in NZB mice represent a special type of lymphoid tissue with active neutrophilic myelopoiesis and probable megakaryopoiesis. Reticulum cells in the milky spots in NZB mice had well-developed dense bodies consisting of clustered parallel tubules that showed a hexagonal array. However, the biological significance of these cells remains unknown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 189 (1994), S. 393-399 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Rat ; Myelinated axons ; C-fibers ; Skin ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study examines the fiber composition of two nerves projecting to the rat hindpaw: the lateral plantar nerve (LPN), which innervates plantar glabrous skin and some plantar muscles, and the foot branch of the superficial peroneal nerve (fSPN), which projects to dorsal hairy skin. The LPN contains 872 (33%) myelinated axons with a size range of 1–7 μm and a peak at 4 μm. Some 200 of the myelinated axons are muscle efferents. There are 1,969 (67%) C-fibers. After neonatal capsaicin treatment, the number of C-fibers in the LPN is 61% below the normal level, but it is not significantly different from control levels after chemical sympathectomy with guanethidine. The fSPN is composed of 470 (20%) myelinated axons with a size range similar to that in the LPN. Virtually all myelinated fibers are sensory. There are 1,791 (80%) C-fibers. In neonatally capsaicin-treated animals, the occurrence of C-fibers is 65% below control levels. In chemically sympathectomized animals, the number of C-fibers in the fSPN is normal. This description of the fiber composition of the LPN and the fSPN in the rat provides a basis for future experimental studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 88 (1994), S. 587-591 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Astrocytes ; Electron microscopy ; Immunocytochemistry ; Pick's disease ; Straight tubules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This report concerns an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of cerebral astrocytes in a patient with Pick's disease of 20 years' duration. The autopsied brain was prominently small (710   g) with marked fronto-temporal lobar atrophy. Histological examination demonstrated profound neuronal loss and spongy changes with tau-positive Pick bodies in the frontal and temporal cortex. In addition, many glial cells in the temporal lobe white matter contained round to oval, argentophilic and slightly hematoxinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions that were also immunolabeled with the anti-tau antibody. On electron microscopy, the glial inclusions were observed in the perikarya of astrocytes that were recognized as such from intracytoplasmic glial filaments and the presence of gap junctions. The inclusions were free in the cytoplasm, without a limiting membrane, and mainly comprised irregular aggregations of bundles of about 15-nm straight tubules, which were indistinguishable from those of intraneuronal Pick bodies. Furthermore, various patterns of accumulation of the same straight tubules were frequently noted in perivascular astrocytic processes carrying a basal lamina. These findings indicate that in Pick's disease astrocytes are also affected by a similar insult to that which affects neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Round granulated body ; Eosinophilic hyaline droplets ; Astrocytic tumors ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Round granulated body (RGB) and eosinophilic hyaline droplets (EHDs) have been described as cytoplasmic inclusions of certain astrocytic tumors. In the previous literature, however, these inclusions have been described using various terms or regarded as nosologically the same entity. Light microscopically, RGB apeared as a round discrete body filled with fine uniform granules, while EHDs demonstrated a cluster of bright eosinophilic, round objects of various size. They could be clearly distinguished even by conventional histochemical staining such as the Masson trichrome stain and the phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin preparation. Both RGB and EHDs expressed positive immunoreactions for glial fibrillary acidic protein, several lysosomal markers, and some stress-response proteins. The ultrastructural appearances of these inclusions were distinct, however, one common feature was that they consisted of aggregations of numerous membrane-bound electron-dense bodies. Thus, both inclusions appear to be produced by neoplastic astrocytes and are possibly related to the lysosomal system. We examined the presence of RGB and EHDs in 138 astrocytic tumors. Both inclusions occurred most frequently in pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas, followed by gangliogliomas and pilocytic astrocytomas. Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas exhibited only RGBs. RGBs and EHDs were not seen in any abundance in glioblastomas, gliosarcomas, fibrillary astrocytomas, protoplasmic astrocytomas, or oligo-astrocytomas. Some glioblastomas, however, showed only EHDs in small numbers. Several anaplastic astrocytomas were associated with a large number of RGBs and/or EHDs, and they revealed only rare mitosis despite marked cellular pleomorphism. Although RGB and EHDs have different morphological features, the presence of these inclusions in abundance may represent either a degenerative change, a long-standing lesion, or an indolent growth of the astrocytic tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Amyloid angiopathy ; Enzymehistochemistry ; Hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis (Dutch) ; Immunohistochemistry ; Senile plaques
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Plaque-like lesions and amyloid angiopathy were investigated in the frontal cerebral cortex of four patients with hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis (Dutch) (HCHWA-D), using immunohistochemical [antibodies to β amyloid protein (Aβ), β protein precursor (βPP), synaptophysin, ubiquitin (UBQ), cathepsin D, paired helical filaments (PHF) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)], enzymehistochemical (acid phosphatase) and silver [methenamine silver (MS) and Palmgren] staining methods. Whereas Aβ- and MS-positive diffuse plaques were found in all patients, only the three older patients showed neuritic or congophilic plaques, which were acid phosphatase and cathepsin D positive and contained βPP-, synaptophysin- and UBQ-positive, but PHF-negative neurites. These plaques were surrounded by reactive astrocytes. Similar immuno- and enzymereactivity was found around congophilic blood vessels. Thus, apart from neuronal degeneration in a subset of plaque-like lesions and around blood vessels, this study shows an age-related morphology of the plaques in HCHWA-D, corresponding to that in Down's syndrome (DS), with the difference that neurofibrillary (NF) pathology is absent in HCHWA-D in contrast to DS. HCHWA-D may be considered as a model for congophilic plaque formation not associated with NF pathology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Amyloid angiopathy ; Enzymehistochemistry ; Hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis (Dutch) ; Immunohistochemistry ; Senile plaques
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Plaque-like lesions and amyloid angiopathy were investigated in the frontal cerebral cortex of four patients with hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis (Dutch) (HCHWA-D), using immunohistochemical [antibodies to β amyloid protein (Aβ), β protein precursor (βPP), synaptophysin, ubiquitin (UBQ), cathepsin D, paired helical filaments (PHF) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)], enzymehistochemical (acid phosphatase) and silver [methenamine silver (MS) and Palmgren] staining methods. Whereas Aβ-and MS-positive diffuse plaques were found in all patients, only the three older patients showed neuritic or congophilic plaques, which were acid phosphatase and cathepsin D positive and contained βPP-, synaptophysin-and UBQ-positive, but PHF-negative neurites. These plaques were surrounded by reactive astrocytes. Similar immuno-and enzymereactivity was found around congophilic blood vessels. Thus, apart from neuronal degeneration in a subset of plaque-like lesions and around blood vessels, this study shows an age-related morphology of the plaques in HCHWA-D, corresponding to that in Down's syndrome (DS), with the difference that neurofibrillary (NF) pathology is absent in HCHWA-D in contrast to DS. HCHWA-D may be considered as a model for congophilic plaque formation not associated with NF pathology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Cerebellum ; Neurological mutant ; Ganglioside ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neuron migration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The cerebellum is organized into a series of parasagittally aligned bands that may be revealed histologically in the adult mouse by largely complementary immunostaining of Purkinje cell sets with the monoclonal antibodies Zebrin II (ZII; antigen:aldolase C) and P-path (PP; antigen:90-acetyl glycolipids). We compared the normal staining pattern using these markers and an antibody to calbindin with that found in the reeler mutants (rl/rl), in which most Purkinje cell migration is halted beneath the cerebellar white matter. The results revealed that Purkinje cells in reeler mutants, despite their ectopic location in large subcortical masses, show a clear tendency to distribute into alternating zones that either stain for Zebrin II or for P-path, with variable transition zones of mixed labeling. However, the estimated number of zones was fewer than in the normal adult cortex: roughly 7–9 zones are revealed per side in the mutant compared with 14 major divisions in wild type mice. These results raise the possibility that neurons destined to express these markers are segregated during their migration and that the final phase of migration into the cortex might involve further splitting or interdigitation between cell sets expressing the two antigens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 190 (1994), S. 501-506 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) ; Electron microscopy ; Elasmobranch ; Heteterodontus phillipi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The structure of the retinal epithelium (RPE), choriocapillaris and Bruch's membrane (complexus basalis) has been studied by light and electron microscopy in the Port Jackson shark (Heterodontus phillipi). In this elasmobranch the RPE consists of a single layer of low cuboidal cells which show basal (scleral) infoldings and apical (vitreal) processes that enclose photoreceptor outer segments. Laterally these epithelial cells are joined by a series of apically located tight junctions. The RPE cells display a large vesicular nucleus, abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum as well as numerous polysomes and mitochondria. Phagosomes are present, rough endoplasmic reticulum is scarce and myeloid bodies were not observed. Melanosomes are absent over the choroidally located tapetum lucidum, but are not abundant even in extratapetal areas. This paucity of melanosomes probably makes retinomotor movements unimportant. Bruch's membrane or complexus basalis is a pentalaminate structure. The endothelium of the choriocapillaris is thin but minimally fenestrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 190 (1994), S. 591-596 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Tapetum lucidum ; Electron microscopy ; Elasmobranch ; Heterodontus phillipi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The choroidally located tapetum lucidum of the Port Jackson shark (Heterodontus phillipi) was examined by light and electron microscopy in light-adapted specimens. In this species the tapetum consists of a single layer of overlapping cells oriented at an angle of about 30° to the incoming light and situated immediately external to the choriocapillaris. These tapetal cells alternate with and are separated from one another by melanocytes which extend beyond the tapetal cells to intervene between the tapetal cells and the incoming light. The tapetal cells and the melanocytes are flattened plate-like cells with their widest dimension facing the retina. Internally the tapetal cells display a peripherally located vesicular nucleus with most organelles in a paranuclear location. The bulk of a tapetal cell is packed with regularly spaced crystals reported to be guanine. The size and spacing of these reflective crystals is commensurate with the principles of constructive interference. In light adaptation, the melanosomes of the intervening melanocytes are widely dispersed and for the most part block the passage of light to the tapetal cells. Although dark-adapted specimens were not available, it seems reasonable to assume that in dark adaptation these melanosomes will retreat to unmask the tapetum and allow it to function as a known reflective layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 190 (1994), S. 251-261 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: C-CAM ; Immunohistochemistry ; In situ hybridization ; Palate formation ; Retinoic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract C-CAM is a cell surface glycoprotein that is involved in cell adhesion and may play a role in histogenesis and organogenesis. It is a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene family, which is a subfamily of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily. We have analyzed the expression of C-CAM during normal and disturbed craniofacial development in the mouse by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Developmental disturbances were induced by retinoic acid (RA) treatment of pregnant mice. Normal and malformed fetuses were examined on days 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 of gestation. The expression of C-CAM was detected first at day 16. With age, the signal became gradually stronger. C-CAM was detected in the epithelia of both ectodermal and mesodermal origin, including oral and respiratory epithelia, epithelia of the developing vessels, glands and their ducts. In the RA-treated fetuses, the expression of C-CAM was higher in the epithelium of the oral cavity than in that of the nasal cavity, with a distinct borderline between differentiating nasal and oral epithelium of the palatal shelves. However, the submucosal nasal glands and ducts showed higher expression than oral glands in both normal and RA-treated mice. The expression of C-CAM did not differ significantly between control and RA-treated animals. The presence of C-CAM in all proliferating craniofacial epithelia indicates that this molecule may play an important role in development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Fas antigen ; Immunohistochemical ; Skin disease ; Keratinocytes ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Fast antigen is a cell surface protein that mediates apoptosis. Using immunohistological, flow cytometry and electron microscopic analyses, we investigated the expression of Fas antigen on various skin tissues, and on cultured SV40-transformed human epidermal keratinocyte cell line KJD and human skin squamous cell carcinoma cell line HSC. The Fas antigen was widely distributed in skin components such as the keratinocytes in the lower portion of the epidermis, epidermal dendritic cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, apocrine glands, eccrine sweat glands, sebaceous glands, some normal melanocytes and infiltrating lymphoid cells. It was also strongly expressed on the keratinocytes of lichenoid eruptions seen in lupus erythematosus and lichen planus, and on the spongiotic or acanthotic epidermis seen in chronic eczema, adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and atopic dermatitis. Its expression was closely correlated with lymphoid infiltrating cells and it was strongly expressed in lymphoid neoplastic cells, particularly ATLL cells, and fibroblasts seen in dermatofibroma. However, the antigen was not detected on basal cell epithelioma cells, some malignant melanomas or any junctional naevi. The cell lines KJD and HSC strongly expressed the Fas antigen, and crosslinking of the Fas antigen by an anti-Fas monoclonal antibody induced apoptosis of these cell lines. These results indicate that the apoptosis-mediating Fas antigen may play an important role in normal skin turnover and cell differentiation, in immune regulation of skin tumours, and in the pathogenesis of various skin diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 286 (1994), S. 62-68 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Metallothionein ; Immunohistochemistry ; Monoclonal antibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The expression and distribution of metallothionein (MT) in frozen sections of normal and pathological human skin was studied using the monoclonal antibody L2E3 directed against MT derived from human fetal liver. Immunohistochemical staining of normal fetal and adult skin revealed strong reactivity in basal keratinocytes of epidermis and outer hair root sheath, hair matrix cells and the secretory coil, but not the exocrine portion of eccrine glands; myoepithelial cells around apocrine sweat glands were similarly stained. In epidermal hyperplasia, variable numbers of suprabasal keratinocytes were stained, whereas in interface dermatitis, interrupted staining was found in the basal layer. Weak or scattered staining was observed in squamous tumours, whereas basal cell carcinomas did not show consistent staining. The distribution of MT in normal skin was in line with the germinative role of basal keratinocytes and hair matrix cells, whereas its distribution in hyperplastic epidermis was in line with experimental animal data, and reflected the increase in the germinative pool in these conditions. It is concluded that monoclonal antibody L2E3 may serve as a valuable immunohistochemical marker in diagnostic cutaneous pathology since it labels basal keratinocytes selectively, and since it discriminates between eccrine and apocrine sweat glands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Psoriasis ; Adhesion receptors ; CLA ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Adhesion receptors and their ligands play a vital role in the immune system. We studied the expression of different adhesion receptors, using single- and double-staining immunohistochemical techniques, in both lesional and non-lesional skin specimens from seven psoriasis patients and in skin biopsy specimens from eight normal healthy controls. Our results showed an overall increased expression of several adhesion receptors in both lesional and non-lesional psoriatic skin. We consistently found an increased expression in particular of ICAM-1 and E-selectin on endothelial cells, and ICAM-1 on T cells and Langerhans cells. In contrast, a weak expression of VCAM-1 was found on endothelial cells and mononuclear cells in lesional psoriatic skin specimens alone. Interestingly, LFA-1 was also expressed on Langerhans cells, with a greater frequency in skin from lesional than from non-lesional sites, but was never expressed in skin from normal healthy individuals. Furthermore, significantly increased numbers of Langerhans cells and T cells with a positive reactivity for MAb HECA-452 were found in both lesional and non-lesional psoriatic skin. We hypothesize that the enhanced expression of adhesion receptors on migrating immunocompetent cells and endothelial cells of psoriatic skin in general facilitates the increased influx of activated T lymphocytes and other immunocomponent cells into the skin, and thus underscores the generalized character of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 287 (1994), S. 28-35 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Melanoma pathology ; Antigen CD analysis ; Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Various clinical and experimental observations point to the existence of an immunological host defense in cutaneous malignant melanoma. To identify the major effector mechanisms mediating the specific anti-tumor immune response, we examined 23 benign and neoplastic melanocytic lesions (3 nevi, 14 primary melanomas, and 3 cutaneous and 3 systemic metastases) by quantitative immunohistology, and correlated these results with the histopathological and clinical subtypes of malignant melanoma. Our analyses indicate that CD3+ T-cell receptor α/Β-expressing lymphocytes are the prevailing leukocyte subset in primary as well as secondary malignant melanoma. We further observed that in early lesions (〈0.75 mm) of superficial spreading melanoma the vast majority of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) belong to the CD4+ subset and frequently express CD45RA antigens. In more advanced tumors, the contribution of CD8+ TIL gradually increases, indicating that the quality of the anti-tumor immune response changes during the course of the disease. Finally, we found that a varying percentage of cutaneous TIL express the cutaneous leukocyte antigen which is defined by the monoclonal antibody HECA 452 and preferentially expressed by skin-seeking memory T cells. In contrast, extracutaneous melanoma metastases (liver, brain, ovary) were completely devoid of HECA 452-reactive lymphocytes. These findings suggest that lymphocytes infiltrating cutaneous melanomas belong to a memory/effector T-cell subset functionally associated with the skin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Mixed tumour of skin ; Bone morphogenetic protein ; Chondrogenesis ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of immunoreactivity of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), the glycosaminoglycans chondroitin 4-sulphate (C4SPG), chondroitin 6-sulphate (C6SPG), dermatan sulphate (DSPG) and keratan sulphate proteoglycans (KSPG), cytokeratin (K8.12), vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), actin, desmin, S-100 protein and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in mixed tumour of the skin was investigated using immunohistochemical methods using monoclonal (MoAb) and polyclonal antibodies (PoAb). A strong BMP immunoreactivity was found characteristically in outer tumour cells of tubuloductal structures and modified myoepithelial cells. Modified myoepithelial cells and chondroidally changed cells showed positive immunoreactivity for C4SPG, C6SPG and DSPG; and KSPG was more pronounced in the modified myoepithelial cells. Vimentin, S-100 protein, GFAP and NSE, but not actin and desmin, were distribute in the outer tumour cells and modified myoepithelial cells in chondroidally changed tissue. Two factors show that chondrogenesis in mixed tumour of the skin is associated with the modified myoepithelial cells through the activity of BMP and biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans as matrix substance. First, outer or basal tumour cells in mixed tumour of the skin is characterized by the presence of positive immunoreactivity for BMP, KSPG, vimentin, cytokeratin K8.12, S-100 protein, GFAP and NSE, and second, there is a matrix of chondroidally changed tissue containing the reaction products of C4SPG, C6SPG, DSPF and KSPG.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Decorin ; Proteoglycan-100 ; Heterotopic ossification ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Heterotopic ossification is a metabolically active process which shares several properties of orthotopic bone formation and, therefore, represents an excellent model for studying bone matrix components. Immunohistochemical methods were used to investigate the distribution pattern of the small proteoglycans decorin and proteoglycan-100 during different stages of heterotopic ossification of pressure sores of paraplegic patients. Decorin and proteoglycan-100 exhibited a substantially divergent distribution pattern. Decorin was detectable in the perivascular matrix of granulation tissue as well as in the stroma of heterotopic ossification. The ossification zone was stained most strongly. In contrast, proteoglycan-100 was predominantly detectable in fibroblasts and preosteoblasts in early areas of osteogenesis. In more mature forms of heterotopic ossification immunostaining was markedly reduced in osteoblasts and osteocytes and even absent in so-called bone-lining cells. However, at least some osteoclasts were strongly positive. These results suggest indicate that decorin and proteoglycan-100 are important components during the formal pathogenesis of heterotopic ossification. The expression of the small proteoglycans, especially of proteoglycan-100, correlates with different phases during heterotopic ossification, showing a maximum for proteoglycan-100 in matrix-forming cells in early phases of bone formation, but in osteoclasts in mature bone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 55 (1994), S. 38-45 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Vacuolar-type H+-ATPase ; Carbonic anhydrase II ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The localization of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase and carbonic anhydrase II (CA II) in rat incisor enamel organs at maturation was examined by light and electron microscopy. The immunoreactivity for both vacuolar-type H+-ATPase and CA II was intense on the ruffled border of ruffle-ended ameloblasts (RA), but moderate at the distal end of smooth-ended ameloblasts (SA). Immuno-gold particles indicated that CA II was not confined to the ruffled border of RA alone, but also distributed in the cytoplasm of RA and SA. These findings suggest that RA may secrete protons produced by CA II via the ruffled border into enamel by active transport of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase. Secreted protons may activate hydrolytic enzymes to degrade the organic components of enamel matrix. Vacuolar-type H+-ATPase on vesicles of SA suggests that a specific configuration of ruffled borders in RA may be formed by the fusion of vesicle membranes in the distal end of cytoplasm of SA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Immunohistochemistry ; Brain proteins ; ChAT ; GFAP ; Memory ; Astrocytes ; “Cholinergicrich” transplants ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In adult, lesion-impaired rat brain receiving embryonic day 15 (E15) fetal transplants, the level of expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) correlates positively with choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) levels and also with measurements of successful behavioural recovery. These results suggest that glial cells may play a pivotal role in the cognitive success of socalled cholinergic-rich transplants.The objective of this study was to investigate the association between GFAP-and ChAT-staining antigens in or around cholinergicrich fetal grafts transplanted in adult cortex. An immunohistochemical fluorescent double-labelling technique was used to simultaneously identify GFAP- and ChAT-staining cells to assess whether there was a different type or distribution of cells present in these successful transplants. On brain sections of transplant area, GFAP-staining glial cells did not co-label with ChAT-staining cells. The transplant area, therefore, did not reveal a different type of cell from those seen in comparable normal cortical brain but rather a greater concentration of both GFAP- and ChAT-positive staining cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Pituitary adenoma ; MRI ; Immunohistochemistry ; Pituitary hormones
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our aim was to elucidate the factors which determine the MRI signal intensities of pituitary adenomas. We examined 51 patients with surgically-confirmed pituitary adenomas. Using a spin-echo pulse sequence (SE 500/15), coronal and sagittal images (3 mm slices) were obtained. Signal intensities on T1-weighted images were measured in the parenchyma of the adenoma and in normal grey matter. The relative intensity of the adenoma was assessed by calculating the ratio of its signal intensity to that of the normal grey matter of the same patient. Parafin-embedded sections were used for haematoxylin and eosin staining. The number of cells in a prescribed area was counted, and the mean of five such counts was taken as the cell density. Immunohistochemically stained sections using antibodies for various pituitary hormones were similarly examined; the ratio of the total number of hormone-positive cells to the overall total number of adenoma cells was calculated. Four independent variables were used in the analysis: the age of the patient, the maximum diameter of the adenoma, the cell density and the proportion of hormone-positive cells in the adenoma and, with the signal intensity ratio as the dependent variable, a multiple regression analysis was performed. This revealed that the the greatest influence upon the signal intensities on T1-weighted images was the proportion of hormone positive cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Pathologe 15 (1994), S. 181-186 
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Angiosarkom ; Nebenniere ; Immunhistochemie ; Intermediärfilamente ; Zytokeratine ; CD 31 ; Key words Angiosarcoma ; Adrenal gland ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intermediate filaments ; Cytokeratins ; CD 31
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Cytological, biopsy and autopsy findings in a patient suffering from massively metastasizing adrenal angiosarcoma are reported. Histogenetic typing of the tumour initially manifestating itself by osseous and liver metastases was problematic with regard to its partially epithelioid structure and its positivity upon cytokeratin immunostaining. Of relevance for the correct typing was the finding that the tumour cells in addition exhibited positivity for vascular markers. This case confirms literature data according to which cytokeratin expression not infrequently may be encountered in endothelial neoplasms and which by no means should lead to exclude such a tentative diagnosis.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Berichtet wird über zytologische, bioptische und autoptische Befunde bei einem Patienten mit fortgeschritten metastasiertem adrenalen Angiosarkom. Die korrekte histogenetische Klassifikation der sich zunächst durch ossäre und Leberabsiedlungen manifestierenden teilweise epitheloiden Neoplasie war konventionell-morphologisch und wegen des immunhistologisch positiven Zytokeratin-Nachweises problematisch. Bedeutung für die Diagnosesicherung hatte die zusätzlich nachgewiesene Positivität der Tumorzellen für vaskuläre Marker. Der beschriebene Fall bestätigt Literaturbefunde, nach denen eine Zytokeratin-Expression unter Angiosarkomen nicht selten angetroffen wird und keinesfalls zum Ausschluß einer entsprechenden Verdachtsdiagnose führen darf.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Autoklavieren ; Mikrowelle ; Immunhistochemie ; Antigen-Demaskierung ; Key words Wet autoclaving ; Microwave pretreatment ; Immunohistochemistry ; Antigen retrieval
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Wet autoclaving is a simple, reliable and time-effective method for antigen retrieval in routinely processed archival material. Both routine diagnostic (e. g., oestrogen and progesterone receptors, cytoskeletal proteins) and research antibodies (e. g. various p53 antibodies, mdm-2, bcl-2, MIB-1) are reported to demonstrate its application. Wet autoclaving may allow successful application of antibodies in paraffin-embedded tissues designed for use on frozen sections. The technique has the poten-tial to reliably handle up to 200 sections at a time, without evidence of any significant damage to the sections or nuclear morphology.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mit der Technik des feuchten Autoklavierens wird eine einfache, verläßliche und zeitsparende Methode zur Antigen-Demaskierung an Formalin-fixiertem und Paraffin-eingebettetem Gewebe vorgestellt. Anhand einer Reihe von Antikörpern (Östrogen- und Progesteronrezeptoren, Zytoskelettproteine, verschiedene p53-Antikörper, mdm-2, bcl-2, MIB-1 u. a.) verwendeter Antikörper werden die Vorteile dieser Methode beschrieben. Das feuchte Autoklavieren ermöglicht bei einigen sonst nur am Gefrierschnitt einsetzbaren Antikörpern auch deren Anwendung am Paraffinschnitt. Für den Routinepathologen ist die leichte Handhabung sowie die hohe Reproduzierbarkeit von Vorteil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter bcl-2 ; Osteosarkom ; Apoptose ; programmierter Zelltod ; Immunhistologie ; Proliferation ; Key words bcl-2 ; Osteosarcoma ; Apoptosis ; programmed cell death ; Immunohistochemistry ; Proliferation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The relationsship between the growth of tumors and the expression of the protooncogen Bcl-2 could be shown in epithelial tumors. A bcl-2 expression leads to a prolonged cell survival due to an inhibition of apoptosis. The potential meaning of bcl-2 expression in mesenchymal tumors remains still unknown. The fact, that the heterogenous group of osteosarkoma is not sufficiently characterized at present, suggested to investigate the bcl-2 expression in osteosarcoma. Thus, immunohistochemistry was used to analyze 47 specimens of different osteosarcomas of 36 patients. Sixteen cases (46 %) showed a strong expression of bcl-2 and 13 cases (35 %) were moderately positiv for bcl-2. Seven cases (19 %) were negative for bcl-2. The heterogenous, negative up to strong expression of bcl-2 yield clues, that the Bcl-2 controlled regulation of programmed cell death could be an important factor of cellular kinetics. Additionally the cellular proliferationrate was determined with the monoklonal antibody MIB 1, directed against the Ki-67 epitop. The data of bcl-2 expression and cellular proliferationrate lead to a classification correlating with the histological classification. To verify the importance of apoptosis in the genesis of mesenchymal tumors and whether Bcl-2 may play an important role as a predictive factor for the prognosis of osteosarcoma, further investigations will be needed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei zahlreichen epithelialen Geweben konnte ein Zusammenhang zwischen Tumorwachstum und der Expression des Protoonkogens Bcl-2 nachgewiesen werden. Eine bcl-2-Expression ist verbunden mit verlängertem Zellüberleben infolge einer Apoptoseinhibition. Hingegen ist über die bcl-2-Expression und deren mögliche Bedeutung in mesenchymalen Tumoren wenig bekannt. Da die heterogene Gruppe der Osteosarkome mit den derzeitigen methodischen Mitteln nicht hinreichend charakterisierbar ist, wurde die bcl-2-Expression untersucht. Immunhistologisch wurden 47 Osteosarkompräparate von 36 Patienten unterschiedlicher Subtypen analysiert. Von den 36 Fällen zeigten in der Biopsie 16 Fälle (46 %) eine stark positive und 13 Fälle (35 %) eine mittelgradig positive bcl-2 Expression. Sieben Fälle (19 %) waren bcl-2-negativ. Die heterogene, fehlende bis starke bcl-2-Expression deutet darauf hin, daß in Osteosarkomen die Bcl-2-gesteuerte Regulation des programmierten Zelltodes einen Faktor in der zellulären Wachstumskinetik darstellt. Zusätzlich wurde die Proliferationsrate, anhand des gegen das Ki-67-Antigen gerichteten monoklonalen Antikörper MIB-1 bestimmt. Aus den Daten zur bcl-2-Expression und Proliferationsrate ergibt sich eine Einteilung, die eine Übereinstimmung mit der histologischen Klassifikation aufweist. Welche Bedeutung die Apoptose in der Genese mesenchymaler Tumoren hat und ob die bcl-2-Expression einen prädiktiven Wert für die Prognose von Osteosarkomen besitzt, bedarf weiterer Untersuchungen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Pathologe 15 (1994), S. 358-360 
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Tonsillentumor ; Primär extrakranielles Meningeom ; Atypisches Meningeom ; Immunhistologie ; Key words Tumour of the palatine tonsil ; Primary extracranial meningioma ; Atypical meningioma ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary To our knowledge this is the first reported case of a primary extracranial meningioma located in the palatine tonsil. Immunohistochemical investigation of the tumour showed coexpression of vimentin and neuron-specific enolase (NSE). No staining was found with antibodies against cytokeratins KL 1, 13/10, 8 and 18, epithelial membrane antigen EMA and melanoma protein (HMB-45). It seems justifiable to classify this tumour as an atypical meningioma because of the local increased mitotic activity.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Dieses ist nach unseren Kenntnissen der 1. Fallbericht eines primär extrakraniellen, in der Tonsille lokalisierten Meningeoms. Immunhistologisch wies der Tumor eine Koexpression von Vimentin und neuronspezifischer Enolase (NSE) und eine negative Reaktion mit Antikörpern gegen die Zytokeratine KL 1, 13/10, 8, 18, das epitheliale Membranantigen EMA und Melanom Protein (HMB 45) auf. Aufgrund der lokal gesteigerten Mitoserate scheint es gerechtfertigt, den vorliegenden Tumor als atypisches Meningeom zu klassifizieren.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Transplantation ; Serotonin neurons ; Hypothalamus ; Electron microscopy ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have previously reported that a cell suspension from the rostral part of the embryonic raphe grafted to the basal hypothalamus of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine-denervated rats produced incomplete serotonin (5-HT) re-innervation of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) as opposed to hyper-innervation of the supraoptic nucleus (SON). We took advantage of this experimental model to investigate whether the graft-derived, 5-HT fibres retained normal ultrastructural features, and, particularly, a normal density of synaptic junctions, irrespective of the extent of target re-innervation. The intrinsic features of immunostained, graft-derived 5-HT axonal varicosities in both the SCN (ventral portion) and the SON were essentially similar to those exhibited by the respective endogenous innervation. Analysis of well-preserved varicosities in uninterrupted series of thin sections allowed us to evaluate directly the proportions of junctional to non-junctional 5-HT varicosities in both regions. Synaptic incidences were also remarkably conserved after grafting (45.5% in the SCN versus 38.5% in the SON; 48% and 38% in normal rats, respectively). Synapses were primarily reestablished on dendritic shafts, which also were identified as the major post-synaptic targets of the normal 5-HT innervations. We noted, however, a tendency toward increased numbers of symmetrical versus asymmetrical synapses in both the SCN and SON of grafted rats. Thus, irrespective of whether hypo-or hyper-innervation patterns developed post-grafting, the transplanted 5-HT neurons essentially retained normal ultrastructural features in their target territories, with a normal incidence of synaptic junctions. The data provide further support to the hypothesis that the innervation territory is the major determinant of the frequency with which ingrowing 5-HT fibres make synaptic junctions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 17 (1994), S. 1-8 
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Ammonium excretion ; Azospirillum brasilense ; Auxine ; 2,4-Dichlor-phenoxy-acetic acid ; Nitrogen fixation ; Paranodulation ; Maize ; Zea mays ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Maize seedlings develop nodule-like tumour knots (para-nodules) along primary roots when treated with the auxin 2,4-dichlor-phenoxy-acetic acid (2,4-D). Inoculated NH 4 + -excreting Azospirillum brasilense cells were shown to colonize these tumours, mostly intracellularly, promoting a high level of N2 fixation when microaerophilic conditions were imposed. The nitrogenase activity inside the para-nodules was less sensitive to free O2 than in non-para-nodulating roots. Both light and electron microscopy showed a dense bacterial population inside intact tumour cells, with the major part of the cell infection along a central tumour tissue. The bacteria colonized the cytoplasm with a close attachment to inner cell membranes. In an auxin-free growth medium, young 2,4-D-induced para-nodules grew further to become mature differentiated root organs in which introduced bacteria survived with a stable population. These results provide evidence that gramineous plants are potentially able to create a symbiosis with diazotrophic bacteria in which the NH 4 + -excreting symbiont will colonize para-nodule tissue intracellularly, thus becoming well protected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Key words Cell proliferation ; Pancreas ; 5-Bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) ; Immunohistochemistry ; Hormones ; Insulin ; Glucagon ; Somatostatin ; Phenobarbitone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A previous study demonstrated that administration of phenobarbitone to male AP Wistar rats for up to 7 days caused alterations in labelling indices (LIs) in several different tissues (including a reduction of the endocrine pancreas population LI) as determined by immunohistochemical visualisation of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation into S-phase nuclei. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether treatment with phenobarbitone influenced the replicative states of specific cohorts of the islet (of Langerhans) cell population or generated a uniform depression of LI. Quantitation of the LIs of individual islet cell cohorts was achieved by utilisation of a dual immunohistochemical staining method for BrdU and islet hormones (insulin, glucagon and somatostatin) using a sequential peroxidase anti-peroxidase (PAP)/alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method employing diaminobenzidine and New Fuchsin chromogens, respectively. We observed reductions, increases and no change in LIs of insulin-, glucagon- and somatostatin-positive cells, respectively. We conclude that the decreased LI of the insulin-positive cohort was not countered entirely by the LI increase in the glucagon-positive cohort due to the larger size of the former. Furthermore, the effects of phenobarbitone treatment are not manifested generally in the islet cell population but in the insulin- and glucagon-positive cohorts only. The causation of these effects is unknown but is likely to be due to enhanced carbohydrate and hormone metabolism. We believe that the visualisation and quantitation of replicating cells in specific hormone-positive cohorts of the islet cell population provide opportunities for understanding the influence of xenobiotics and disease processes on pancreatic function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Key words Nasal cavity ; Immunohistochemistry ; Glutathione S-transferases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Many xenobiotics induce lesions within the nasal cavity of experimental animals which are site specific. This site selectivity may be due to regional deposition within the nasal cavity and/or the localisation of biotransformation enzymes. We have developed methodology which allows immunohistochemical localisation of xenobiotic biotransformation enzymes in transverse sections of the rat nasal cavity identical to those normally taken for pathological examination. We report the application of this methodology to six isoenzymes of the glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). All six isoenzymes were predominantly located within olfactory epithelium covering the ethmoturbinates (levels III and IV) and extending forwards into the dorsal meatus (level II). Squamous and transitional epithelia showed little or no staining while respiratory epithelium was weakly stained. Within the respiratory epithelium only the ciliated columnar cells and, to a lesser extent, some of the seromucous glands contained GSTs. Within olfactory epithelium the sustentacular cells, basal cells and subepithelial glands all stained positive for GSTs. The different cell types of olfactory epithelium preferentially express different GST isoenzymes: 1-1 and 2-2 were predominantly located in the subepithelial glands; 3-3, 4-4 and 8-8 in sustentacular and basal cells; 7-7 in basal cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 255 (1994), S. 181-187 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Endometriosis ; Estrogen- and progesterone receptors ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract 30 formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded and 20 fresh frozen samples of endometriotic tissue were analysed immunohistochemically for the concentration of estrogen and progesterone receptors. In the formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded group only 37% of the samples were estrogen receptor positive whereas 63% were receptor negative. In contrast, we found that 67% of the samples had a positive progesterone receptor status. In the fresh frozen group 60% of endometriotic tissues were estrogen receptor positive and 75% of the tissues had a positive progesterone receptor status. We could not find any correlation between the site or severity of the endometriosis or the hormonal receptor status. We were able to demonstrate that the immunohistochemical detection of hormonal receptors in endometriotic tissues is possible and that better results were obtained if fresh frozen rather than formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded tissues were analyzed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Filaggrin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Squamous differentiation ; Uterine Cervix
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Epithelial distribution of filaggrin, a histidine-rich protein related to squamous terminal differentiation, was investigated in 87 cervical biopsies using an avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique with a monoclonal anti-human filaggrin antibody (AKH1). Normal squamous cervical epithelium exhibited a positive homogeneous immunoperoxidase stain in the upper parabasal, intermediate and superficial cell layers. Similar findings were obtained in cervical condylomas, although full-thickness staining was observed in 35.7% of the cases (P〈0.001). Filaggrin expression in CIN was inversely related to the severity of the lesion (P〈0.001). An irregular staining pattern was present in most high-grade CIN. Filaggrin expression was closely connected to the degree of tumour differentiation (P〈0.05) in squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix. Abnormal filaggrin stainings identified a premalignant/malignant cervical squamous lesion with a positive predictive value of 92.3%. Non-squamous epithelia showed lack of filaggrin expression. Filaggrin may therefore be considered a marker of squamous differentiation in both the normal and pathological human uterine cervix.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 162 (1994), S. 267-271 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key words     Extremely thermophilic eubacterium ; Calderobacterium hydrogenophilium ; Ultrastructure ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract       Calderobacterium hydrogenophilum is an extreme thermophilic, obligately chemoautotrophic, hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium. The cells were shown to be non-motile straight rods of average size 0.4 × 2.5 μm. After negative-staining of the whole cells, no flagella were observed. The multilayered cell wall was of type 1 and possessed a crystalline proteinaceous surface layer exhibiting p4 symmetry. The square unit cells had a lattice constant of approximately 11 nm. Cell division occurred by a constriction mechanism. C. hydrogenophilum differred from a similar hydrogen-oxidizing eubacterium, Hydrogenobacter thermophilus, by the absence of intracytoplasmic membrane structures in chemically fixed cells. However, an electron-dense intracytoplasmic hemispherical structure adhering to the inner membrane was frequently observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 162 (1994), S. 267-271 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Extremely thermophilic eubacterium ; Calderobacterium hydrogenophilium ; Ultrastructure ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Calderobacterium hydrogenophilum is an extreme thermophilic, obligately chemoautotrophic, hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium. The cells were shown to be nonmotile straight rods of average size 0.4x2.5 μm. After negative-staining of the whole cells, no flagella were observed. The multilayered cell wall was of type 1 and possessed a crystalline proteinaceous surface layer exhibiting p4 symmetry. The square unit cells had a lattice constant of approximately 11 nm. Cell division occurred by a constriction mechanism. C. hydrogenophilum differred from a similar hydrogen-oxidizing eubacterium, Hydrogenobacter thermophilus, by the absence of intracytoplasmic membrane structures in chemically fixed cells. However, an electron-dense intracytoplasmic hemispherical structure adhering to the inner membrane was frequently observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 120 (1994), S. 672-677 
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Ovary ; Undifferentiated carcinoma ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Immunohistochemical characteristics of undifferentiated carcinomas of the ovary were examined using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues with an avidinbiotin staining approach. Eight cases were collected from the pathology files of our Institute from a total of 214 recorded malignant ovarian tumors. For immunostaining, antibodies reacting with epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), pankeratin, vimentin, CA 125, CA 19-9, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), α-fetoprotein (AFP), α-l-antitrypsin (AT), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), c-erbB-2,bcl-2 and p53 proteins were used. All the cases examined were positive for EMA and pankeratin, specific markers for epithelial tumors, negative for the non-epithelial tumor marker, vimentin, and also positive for EGFR. Interestingly, only one case was positive for CA 125, despite it being one of the commonest reported indicators of ovarian cancer. CA 19-9 was positive in 7 cases, CEA in 5, AFP in 2, AT in 6 and c-erbB-2 protein in 4. Two cases were positive for p53 protein, and in 1 of these positive staining forbcl-2 was also observed. These results indicate that the epithelial nature is well preserved in undifferentiated ovarian carcinomas, although consistently positive reactions were not observed within the cases for some antigens. They further celarly show that a negative signal for CA 125 can not be considered to exclude the possibility of a primary ovarian tumor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy 2 (1994), S. 118-122 
    ISSN: 1433-7347
    Keywords: Anterior cruciate ligament ; Allograft transplantation ; Nerve supply ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Sports Science
    Notes: Abstract We investigated the nerve supply of anterior cruciate ligaments ((ACLs) and of cryopreserved bone-ACL-bone allografts in a rabbit model with immunohistochemical methods to establish the distribution pattern of the nervous tissues and to determine the reinnervation rate of ACL allografts. The ACL is innervated by three different classes of nerve fibre: (1) fibres of large diameter, characterized by neurofilament immunoreactivity, which are fast-conducting mechanoreceptive sensory afferents; (2) fibres of small diameter, characterized by substance Pimmunoreactivity, which are slow-conducting nociceptive sensory afferents; and (3) sympathetic efferent vasomotor fibres, characterized by their immunoreactivity to the ratelimiting enzyme of noradrenaline synthesis, tyrosine hydroxylase. The ACLs showed numerous fibres of all three nerve classes; as specialised sensory nerve endings only Ruffini corpuscles were observed. All nerve fibres were located subsynovially, none within the collagen core of the ligament itself. No nerve fibres were detected in the ACL allografts at 3 and 6 weeks. Sparse fibres were detected at 12 weeks, while the 24-, 36-and 52-week specimens showed plenty of all three fibre types. No mechanoreceptors were found in the ACL allografts. To our knowledge, this method for the first time allows a differentiation of the nerve fibres of ACLs and ACL allografts into three different nerve fibre classes with known neurophysiological functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 140 (1994), S. 215-223 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Insulin receptor ; Membrane reconstitution ; Electron microscopy ; Quaternary structure ; Immunogold labeling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Insulin receptors were incorporated into liposomes by two different procedures, one using dialysis and one using detergent removal by Bio-Beads. Receptor incorporation was analyzed by gradient centrifugation and electron microscopy. Reconstituted receptors projected up to 12 nm above the membrane and exhibited a T-shaped structure compatible with that previously described for the solubilized receptor. Insulin binding and autophosphorylation experiments indicated that approx. 50% of the receptors were incorporated right-side out. Such random orientation was confirmed by immunogold labeling of the α- and the β-subunit of the receptor. Immunogold labeling of the C-terminus of the β-subunit indicates that it resides about 6 nm off the membrane, while two α-subunit epitopes were labeled at about twice this distance, confirming that the α-subunit is harbored in the cross-bar of the T-structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 277 (1994), S. 557-564 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Slice culture ; Cerebral cortex ; Astrocytes ; Orthogonal arrays of particles - Freeze-fracture ; Electron microscopy ; Rat (Lewis)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The ultrastructure of astrocytes in an organotypic slice culture of the rat visual cortex was investigated using ultrathin sections and freeze-fracture replicas. After a culture period of 9–15 days, a glial scaffold formed that separated the bulk of the slice neuropil from the medium and the underlying plasma clot. However, the glial cells and processes did not build a dense barrier but allowed the outgrowth of neurites. A basal lamina covering the medium-oriented surface of the astrocytes was not found. In freeze-fracture replicas, orthogonal arrays of particles (OAP) were characteristic components of astrocytic membranes. The OAP density in membranes bordering the medium was 35±13 OAP/μm2, corresponding to 2.5% of this membrane area; the OAP density in membranes within the slice neuropil was 22±12 OAP/μm2, corresponding to 1.4% of this membrane area. Although the difference was significant, it was greatly reduced when comparing OAP densities in endfoot and non-endfoot membranes in vivo. Another mode of polarity was recognized in astrocytes of the organotypic slice culture. In membranes of astrocytes bordering upon the medium, the density of non-OAP intramembranous particles (IMP) was clearly higher (1130±136 IMP/μm2) than in membranes of astrocytes in the center of the slice (700±172 IMP/μm2). This pronounced IMP-related polarity was observed neither in vivo nor in cultured astrocytes. The present study suggests, together with data from the literature, that the distribution of astrocytic OAP across the cell surface is influenced by the existence of a basal lamina and neuronal activity, and that astrocytes possess a more remarkable plasticity of membrane structure than previously suspected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: NADPH diaphorase ; Nitric oxide synthase ; Nervous system ; central ; Nervous system ; peripheral ; Immunohistochemistry ; Helix aspersa (Mollusca)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Enzyme histochemistry and immunocytochemistry were used to determine the distribution of neurons in the snail Helix aspersa which exhibited nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) diaphorase activity and/or immunoreactivity to nitric oxide synthase (NOS). NADPH diaphorase-positive cells and fibres were distributed extensively throughout the central and peripheral nervous system. NADPH diaphorase-positive fibres were present in all neuropil regions of the central and peripheral ganglia, in the major interganglionic connectives and in peripheral nerve roots. NADPH diaphorase-positive cell bodies were found consistently in the eyes, the lips, the tentacular ganglia and the procerebral lobes of the cerebral ganglia; staining of cell bodies elsewhere in the nervous system was capricious. The distribution of NOS-like immunoreactivity differed markedly from that of NADPH diaphorase activity. Small clusters of cells which exhibited NOS-like immunoreactivity were present in the cerebral and pedal ganglia; fibres which exhibited NOS-like immunoreactivity were present in restricted regions of the neuropil of the central ganglia. The disjunct distributions of NADPH diaphorase activity and NOS-like immunoreactivity in the nervous system of Helix suggest that the properties of neuronal NOS in molluscs may differ sigificantly from those described previously for vertebrate animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 277 (1994), S. 457-464 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Mammary-derived growth inhibitor ; Fatty acid-binding proteins ; Differentiation ; Vascularization ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunocytochemistry ; Mammary gland ; Cow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mammary-derived growth inhibitor (MDGI) has previously been localized in the mammary parencyma, dependent on the stage of differentiation of the mammary gland. Here, we have elucidated the distribution of MDGI in the mammary stroma by a combined immunohisto-and cytochemical analysis with antibodies raised against MDGI. Distinct staining of capillary endothelial cells has been revealed. Although its subcellular distribution resembles former observations in secretory epithelial cells, the expression of MDGI in capillary endothelial cells clearly precedes that in secretory epithelial cells. On the other hand, no endothelial MDGI staining has been detected in bovine heart, which contains a fatty acid-binding protein almost identical to MDGI. The localization of MDGI in the mammary capillary endothelium is discussed in terms of its possible involvement in the intracellular transport of hydrophobic ligands or in the regulation of endothelial cell proliferation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Endoplasmic reticulum ; Cellular transport ; Mitochondria ; Electron microscopy ; Contocal microscopy ; MDCK cells ; LLC-PK1 cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The spatial organization of the endoplasmic reticulum has been studied in two renal cell lines, MDCK and LLC-PK1, which originate from the distal and proximal portions of the mammalian nephron, respectively, and which form a polarized epithelium when they reach confluence in tissue culture. The two renal cell lines, grown to confluence on either solid or permeable supports, were investigated by fluorescence microscopy, confocal microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Fluorescence labeling of the endoplasmic reticulum was achieved using the cationic fluorescent dye DIOC6 (3). In order to differentiate fluorescent labeling of the endoplasmic reticulum from that of the mitochondria, cells were also labeled with rhodamine 123. For electron microscopy, the spatial organization of the endoplasmic reticulum was examined in thick sections using the long-duration osmium impregnation technique or the ferrocyanide/osmium technique. In both cell lines, the endoplasmic reticulum formed an abundant tubular network of canaliculi that frequently abutted the basolateral domain of the plasma membrane and occasionally the apical membrane. Elements of the endoplasmic reticulum were also found in close proximity to mitochondria that, as in the nephron, formed branched structures. Canaliculi appeared circular or flattened and had an inner diameter of 10–70 nm for MDCK cells and 20–90 nm for LLC-PK1 cells. Such a three-dimensional organization might facilitate the translocation of defined lipid species between the endoplasmic reticulum and the plasma membrane, and between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Endoplasmic reticulum ; Cellular transport ; Mitochondria ; Electron microscopy ; Confocal microscopy ; MDCK cells ; LLC-PK1 cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The spatial organization of the endoplasmic reticulum has been studied in two renal cell lines, MDCK and LLC-PK1, which originate from the distal and proximal portions of the mammalian nephron, respectively, and which form a polarized epithelium when they reach confluence in tissue culture. The two renal cell lines, grown to confluence on either solid or permeable supports, were investigated by fluorescence microscopy, confocal microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Fluorescence labeling of the endoplasmic reticulum was achieved using the cationic fluorescent dye DIOC6 (3). In order to differentiate fluorescent labeling of the endoplasmic reticulum from that of the mitochondria, cells were also labeled with rhodamine 123. For electron microscopy, the spatial organization of the endoplasmic reticulum was examined in thick sections using the long-duration osmium impregnation technique or the ferrocyanide/osmium technique. In both cell lines, the endoplasmic reticulum formed an abundant tubular network of canaliculi that frequently abutted the basolateral domain of the plasma membrane and occasionally the apical membrane. Elements of the endoplasmic reticulum were also found in close proximity to mitochondria that, as in the nephron, formed branched structures. Canaliculi appeared circular or flattened and had an inner diameter of 10–70 nm for MDCK cells and 20–90 nm for LLC-PK1 cells. Such a three-dimensional organization might facilitate the translocation of defined lipid species between the endoplasmic reticulum and the plasma membrane, and between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...