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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Angiotensin-I-Converting-Enzyme-Aktivität im Plasma nach Hemmung der Prostaglandinsynthese (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 58 (1980), S. 483-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Angiotensin-I-converting-Enzyme ; Kininase II ; Renin ; Prostaglandins ; Indomethacin ; Angiotensin-I-converting-Enzyme ; Kininase II ; Renin ; Prostaglandine ; Indomethacin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 18 gesunden Versuchspersonen wurde die Aktivität des Angiotensin-I-converting-enzyme (ACE) im Plasma vor und nach Hemmung der Prostaglandinsynthese durch Indomethacin gemessen. Die ACE-Aktivität blieb durch die Behandlung unbeeinflußt. Es wird geschlossen, daß das Renin selbst wahrscheinlich die einzige Komponente des Renin-Angiotensin-Systems darstellt, die Beziehungen zu Prostaglandinen aufweist.
    Notes: Summary In 18 normal human volunteers plasma angiotensin-I-converting-enzyme (ACE) activity was measured before and after inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by indomethacin. ACE activity did not change significantly after treatment. It is concluded that renin is probably the only component of the renin angiotensin system, which is influenced by prostaglandins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01476804
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical studies on patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 58 (1980), S. 1065-1069 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: CAPD ; Glukose ; Insulin ; Lipoproteine ; Aminosäuren ; CAPD ; Glucose ; Insulin ; Lipoprotein ; Amino acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Biochemical studies are being performed in chronically renal insufficient patients undergoing treatment by CAPD. Serum protein and albumin levels have remained stable during treatment as have the ratios of essential/non-essential amino acids and valine/glycine in plasma. Dietary intake therefore appears to adequately compensate dialysate losses. Serum calcium and phosphate as well as immunoreactive parathyroid hormone concentration and alkaline phosphatase levels did not change during the treatment. The glucose load due to the high concentrations of glucose in the dialysate may have adverse effects on the glucose tolerance and insulin secretion of CAPD patients. However, in fasting patients it could be shown that only the 4.25% glucose dialysate causes any increase in plasma glucose levels with a concommitant rise of insulin secretion, an exchange with a 1.5% glucose dialysate having relatively little effect on these parameters. Quantification of the individual serum lipoproteins is also being performed during CAPD. No changes were observed in α-cholesterol levels, but 50% of the patients have shown significant increases in total serum cholesterol, β-cholesterol and serum triglycerides in the course of treatment. In these cases dietary consequences must be considered in order to minimise the potential artherosclerotic risk.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Biochemische Untersuchungen wurden an acht chronisch-niereninsuffizienten Patienten im Verlaufe der CAPD (mittlere Behandlungszeit 11,5±4 Monate) durchgeführt. Trotz erheblicher Proteinverluste ins Dialysat blieben die Serumprotein-und -Albuminkonzentrationen konstant. Auch die Quotienten essentielle/nicht essentielle Plasmaaminosäuren sowie Valin/Glycin im Plasma blieben unverändert. Es scheint also, als ob die Aminosäuren- und Proteinverluste ins Dialysat alimentär gut kompensierbar sind. Auf die Plasmakonzentration von Calcium und Phosphat hatte die CAPD keinen sicheren Einfluß. Ebenso ließen sich Änderungen des immunreaktiven Parathormons und der alkalischen Phosphatase nicht nachweisen. Theoretisch ist angesichts der hohen Glukosekonzentration der Dialysatlösungen und einer dadurch bedingten Glukosebelastung des Patienten mit einer Beeinflussung von Glukosetoleranz und Insulinsekretion zu rechnen. Unter Nüchternbedingungen fand sich jedoch ausschließlich bei Verwendung der hochkonzentrierten (4,25%igen) Glukosedialysatlösung eine erhöhte Plasmaglukose mit verstärkter Insulinsekretion. Die 1,5%ige Glukoselösung hatte dagegen keinen wesentlichen Einfluß auf diese Parameter. Von den Serumlipoproteinen blieb im Verlaufe der CAPD α-Cholesterin unverändert, während Gesamtcholesterin signifikant und β-Cholesterin sowie die Neutralfette insignifikant zunahmen. Um ein potentielles Arterioskleroserisiko gering zu halten, müssen gezielte diätetische Maßnahmen während der CAPD ergriffen werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01476877
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erhöhtes Serum-Myoglobin bei Niereninsuffizienz (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 59 (1981), S. 247-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Myoglobin ; Renal failure ; Myocardial infarction ; Myoglobin ; Niereninsuffizienz ; Myokardinfarkt
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 44 Patienten mit chronischer Niereninsuffizienz unterschiedlicher Äthiologie wurde das immunreaktive Serum-Myoglobin bestimmt und mit den Werten von Probanden mit normaler Nierenfunktion verglichen. Es fand sich — unabhängig von der Grunderkrankung — eine hoch signifikante lineare Korrelation zwischen dem Serum-Myoglobin und der Serum-Kreatinin-Konzentration. Bei Patienten mit Serum-Kreatinin-Werten über 550 µMol/1 (6,2 mg-%) lagen die Serum-Myoglobin Konzentrationen fast regelmäßig im pathologischen Bereich. Dies gilt auch für chronische Dialysepatienten. Die Befunde zeigen, daß bei Patienten mit höhergradiger, chronischer Niereninsuffizienz das Serum-Myoglobin nur mit Einschränkung zur Infarktdiagnostik geeignet ist.
    Notes: Summary In 44 patients with chronic renal failure of varied etiology serum immunoreactive myoglobin was measured and compared to values obtained in patients with normal renal function. Irrespective of the underlying disease a highly significant linear correlation was found between serum immunoreactive myoglobin and serum creatinine concentration. In patients with serum creatinine concentrations above 550 µmol/1 (6.2 mg%) serum myoglobin was as a rule elevated above the range found in the controls with normal renal function. This was also true in dialysis patients. These result demonstrate that serum myoglobin may only be used with restrictions in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction in patients suffering from advanced chronic renal failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01476583
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bezafibrat-induzierte Myolyse und Myoglobinurie bei Patienten mit eingeschränkter Nierenfunktion (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 62 (1984), S. 346-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Bezafibrate ; Rhabdomyolysis ; Myoglobinuria ; Kidney failure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A muscular syndrome has been described in patients on clofibrate and fenofibrate therapy. The present paper describes four patients with impaired renal function in whom symptoms and signs of skeletal muscle damage developed during treatment with another clofibrinic acid derivative, bezafibrate. The syndrome was characterized by variable degrees of muscular cramps and paresis, excessive elevation of muscle enzymes in serum, myoglobinemia and myoglobinuria. Transient deterioration of renal function was also common. All patients had been overdosed with bezafibrate with regard to their renal function. It is concluded that bezafibrate like other lipid lowering agents of the clofibrate type may induce muscle damage, at least if doses are not adjusted to renal function. Extreme caution is warranted when treating patients with renal impairment with bezafibrate and strict dose adjustment to kidney function is necessary to avoid muscle damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01716252
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serumspiegel und Urinausscheidung von L-Carnitin bei Patienten mit normaler und eingeschränkter Nierenfunktion (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 62 (1984), S. 274-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: L-Carnitine ; Renal failure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of age, sex, and renal function on serum levels and urinary excretion of free carnitine was studied in 187 subjects. Sixty-one subjects with normal renal function (creatinine clearance 〉100 ml/min) showed a serum carnitine level of 72.2±23.2 µmol/l. The carnitine values of males (76.8±23.3 µmol/l,n=39) were higher (p〈0.05) than those of females (64.0±21.0 µmol/l, n=22). Carnitine levels did not correlate with age. Values in patients with normal renal function did not differ from serum carnitine levels in healthy controls (74.7±17.5 µmol/l,n=49). The mean urinary carnitine excretion per day was 163.5 µmol (range 63.7–419.6 µmol) in patients with intact renal function. Extreme impairment of glomerular filtration rate (creatinine clearance 〈20 ml/min) resulted in higher carnitine concentrations in serum (108.9±39.4 µmol/l,n=18,p〈0.05), lower carnitine elimination per day (78.5 µmol, range 14.5–424.3 µmol,n=18,p〈0.05) and a decreased carnitine clearance (0.8 ml/min, range 0.2–3.8 ml/min). These data together with earlier results obtained in dialysis patients suggest that carnitine metabolism in renal failure is altered by reduction of both endogenous carnitine biosynthesis and renal carnitine clearance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01721888
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fibrinolytic activity in renal venous blood in man (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 64 (1986), S. 587-589 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Kidney ; Fibrinolysis ; Renal veins ; Acute renal failure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 50 patients without renal insufficiency, fibrinolytic activity, as reflected by euglobulin lysis time, was determined in blood obtained from the renal veins, the renal artery and a peripheral vein. Fibrinolytic activity was found to be significantly higher in the renal veins than in the renal artery and the peripheral vein. Other coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters did not show such differences. In addition, a patient with acute oligoanuric renal failure was investigated. This patient demonstrated reduced overall fibrinolytic activity, but there were no differences between the activity in the blood of the renal veins and that of the renal artery or peripheral vein. It seems, therefore, that the kidneys release plasminogen activators into the systemic circulation. This may be decreased in renal failure, probably contributing to the well-known diminished fibrinolysis in some kidney diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01735260
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ergebnisse einer 5-Jahres-Studie mit Captopril bei Patienten mit schwerer therapieresistenter Hypertonie (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 64 (1986), S. 695-700 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Captopril ; Severe hypertension ; 5-year-study ; Blood pressure ; Side effects ; Complications
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril proved to be an effective antihypertensive drug during a 5-year follow-up study of patients with severe hypertension who had been resistant to a triple-drug regimen. Of the 42 patients, 41 had to be treated additionally with diuretics. Because of hypokalemia, potassium supplements were necessary in 26 patients, despite the use of “potassium-saving” diuretics in 12 patients. Blood pressure was controlled sufficiently in 3/4 of the patients during the 5 years. Patients with a large elevation in plasma renin activity showed the best response to the treatment. Six patients died during the 5 years. Therapy had to be stopped in 11 patients because of complications. The following complications and adverse effects were observed: cerebral ischemia (n=10), vertigo and orthostasis (10), exanthema (9), hypogeusia (7), circulatory failure (7), myocardial infarction (6), and scintigraphically demonstrable decrease of renal perfusion (5). One patient with bilateral renal artery stenosis suffered from acute renal failure, which was reversible after withdrawal of captopril. Significant changes of red and white blood cell counts, transaminases, lipids, urine protein excretion, and heart rate were not observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01712054
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ADH-ähnlicher Wirkungsmechanismus von Chlorpropamid beim Diabetes insipidus (ein Vergleich mit der antidiuretischen Wirkung anderer blutglucosesenkender Sulfonamide und Hydrochlorothiazid) (1970)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 48 (1970), S. 855-861 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In eleven patients with diabetes insipidus centralis the effect of chlorpropamide, tolbutamide, glybenclamide, glycodiazin, hydrochlorothiazide and vasopressin was investigated. The blood glucose lowering sulfonamides have an antidiuretic effect, which is qualitatively identical with that of vasopressin. Quantitatively chlorpropamide is as affective as vasopressin. However the antidiuresis by tolbutamide, glycodiazin and glybenclamide in dosages with comparable blood glucose lowering effects was small. There was no similarity between the paradox antidiureses of hydrochlorothiazide and the chlorpropamide antidiuresis.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei 11 Patienten mit Diabetes insipidus centralis wurde die Wirkung von Chlorpropamid, Tolbutamid, Glycodiazin, Glybenclamid, Hydrochlorothiazid und Vasopressin untersucht. Die Sulfonylharnstoffe entfalten einen antidiuretischen Effekt, der funktionell dem des Vasopressin gleicht. Unter Chlorpropamid erreichte er auch dessen Ausmaß, während bei vergleichbarer Blutglucosewirkung die Antidiurese von Tolbutamid, Glycodiazin und Glybenclamid gering war. Mit der paradoxen Antidiurese von Hydrochlorothiazid wiesen die Sulfonylharnstoffe keine Ähnlichkeit auf.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01583906
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Einfluß der Osmolarität in der Spülflüssigkeit auf die Effektivität der Peritonealdialyse (1971)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 49 (1971), S. 583-587 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 78 Peritonealdialysen mit Spüllösungen unterschiedlicher Glucose- bzw. Sorbitkonzentration wurde der Einfluß der Osmolarität in der Spüllösung auf den Dialyseeffekt untersucht. Bereits bei einer Steigerung der Osmolarität von 346 auf 526 mOsm/l konnte eine signifikante Zunahme der peritonealen Dialysancen von Harnstoff und Kreatinin festgestellt werden. Die nach intravenöser Zufuhr von Inulin bestimmte peritoneale Inulin-Dialysance stieg dagegen erst bei einer Erhöhung der Osmolarität auf 680 mOsm/l statistisch signifikant an. Die Abhängigkeit der Effektivitätssteigerung vom Molekulargewicht der untersuchten Substanz dürfte ein weiterer Hinweis auf die Bedeutung des „solvent drag“ für die Ultrafiltrations-Peritonealdialyse sein. Zur Verhütung einer Natriumretention ist bei der Peritonealdialyse unter der Ultrafiltration die Verwendung einer Spüllösung mit einer Natriumkonzentration von 115–120 mVal/l erforderlich. Übersteigt die Natriumkonzentration im Dialysat diesen Grenzwert, so sinkt die Natriumkonzentration im Ultrafiltrat ab. Die Folge ist eine hypertone Dehydratation, die zu gefährlichen Blutdrucksteigerungen führen kann.
    Notes: Summary The effect of the rinsing fluid osmolarity on creatinine, urea, and inulin dialysance was measured in 78 peritoneal dialyses, using glucose or sorbitol solutions. The dialysance of urea and creatinine increased significantly after raising dialysate osmolarity from 346 to 526 mOsm/l, whereas inulin dialysance remained unchanged. An increase of inulin dialysance however was observed after elevation of dialysate osmolarity to 680 mOsm/l. — The correlation between dialysance and dialysate osmolarity on the one hand and that between dialysance at a given osmolarity of dialysate and molecular weight of the test substances on the other demonstrates the importance of “solvent drag” on ultrafiltration during peritoneal dialysis. — In order to avoid sodium retention during ultrafiltration peritoneal dialysis, sodium concentration of the rinsing fluid should be reduced to 115 to 120 mEq/l. When dialysis fluids with a sodium concentration above this limit are applied, the sodium concentration of the ultrafiltrate decreases. Hypertonic dehydratation and dangerous hypertension may occur in ultrafiltration peritoneal dialysis when dialysates with sodium concentrations higher than 120 mEq/l are used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01485330
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dialysance und prozentuale Elimination verschiedener Herzglykoside während der Hämo- und Peritonealdialyse (1972)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 50 (1972), S. 609-613 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Dialysance ; Cardiac glycosides ; Haemodialysis ; Dialysance ; Herzglykoside ; Dialysebehandlung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die prozentuale Ausscheidung und die Dialysance von3H-g-Strophanthin,3H-Methyl-Digoxin,3H-Peruvosid und3H-Digitoxin wurden während der regulären Hämodialyse (Ultraflo-145-Spule) gemessen. Zwischen der Größe der Dialysance und der Serumeiweißbindung der Herzglykoside fand sich ähnlich wie bei der renalen Clearance dieser Substanzen eine negative Korrelation. Die prozentuale Elimination durch den Dialysator betrug etwa 30–50% der normalen renalen Ausscheidung der Medikamente unter identischen Versuchsbedingungen. Die Eliminationsleistung der Peritonealdialyse war wesentlich geringer. Aus den Untersuchungsergebnissen wurde die Schlußfolgerung gezogen, daß der „Glykosidverlust“, der durch die intermittierende Hämodialysebehandlung entsteht, nur etwa 1/14 der normalen Elimination beträgt und daher bei der „Digitalisierung“ eines anurischen Patienten nicht berücksichtigt zu werden braucht. Andererseits kann aber die Hämodialyse für die Behandlung schwerer Digitalisintoxikationen empfohlen werden.
    Notes: Summary Per cent elimination and dialysance of3H-gstrophanthin,3H-methyldigoxin,3H-peruvoside and3H-digitoxin were studied during regular haemodialysis using the Ultraflo-145 coil. Similar to renal clearance, dialyscance showed a negative correlation to serum protein binding of the cardiac glycosides. Per cent elimination by the dialyser was about 30–50% of the normal renal excretion of the drugs under identical conditions. Peritoneal dialysis was much less effective. It is concluded from this study that the loss of cardiac glycosides by the intermittent haemodialysis is so small that it does not need to be taken into consideration, when digitalising an anuric patient. For the treatment of severe digitalis intoxication, however, haemodialysis may be recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01488780
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