Library

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • 2000-2004  (25)
  • 1965-1969  (4,278)
  • 1920-1924  (3,032)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (7,229)
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Ultrastructure
Material
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 186 (2000), S. 347-357 
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Key words Crustacean ; Sensorimotor ; Ultrastructure ; Multilamellar sheath ; Myelinated axons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Speed of nerve impulse conduction is greatly increased by myelin, a multi-layered membranous sheath surrounding axons. Myelinated axons are ubiquitous among the vertebrates, but relatively rare among invertebrates. Electron microscopy of calanoid copepods using rapid cryofixation techniques revealed the widespread presence of myelinated axons. Myelin sheaths of up to 60 layers were found around both sensory and motor axons of the first antenna and interneurons of the ventral nerve cord. Except at nodes, individual lamellae appeared to be continuous and circular, without seams, as opposed to the spiral structure of vertebrate and annelid myelin. The highly organized myelin was characterized by the complete exclusion of cytoplasm from the intracellular spaces of the cell generating it. In regions of compaction, extracytoplasmic space was also eliminated. Focal or fenestration nodes, rather than circumferential ones, were locally common. Myelin lamellae terminated in stepwise fashion at these nodes, appearing to fuse with the axolemma or adjacent myelin lamellae. As with vertebrate myelin, copepod sheaths are designed to minimize both resistive and capacitive current flow through the internodal membrane, greatly speeding nerve impulse conduction. Copepod myelin differs from that of any other group described, while sharing features of every group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1437-773X
    Keywords: Key words Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) ; Ischemia reperfusion injury ; Heart ; Ultrastructure ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family is considered to be activated by stress, but the role of the MAPK family is still unknown in cardiac pathology. In the present study, not only the localization of MAPKs such as the extracellular responsive kinase (ERK), c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 MAPK (p38), but also ultrastructural changes were investigated in the ischemia-reperfusion model of Wistar rats. At 5, 10, 30, 60, and 180 min reperfusion after 30 min ischemia by occluding the coronary artery, the expression of these MAPKs was increased in blood vessels and cardiomyocytes by Western blotting and immunohistochemical methods. In addition, after ischemia reperfusion, various ultrastructural changes such as decreased glycogen granules, mitochondrial swelling, and myolysis were observed in the blood vessels and cardiomyocytes. These results suggest that protein kinases may regulate numerous biological processes, including the regulation of contraction and ion transport.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 1437-773X
    Keywords: Key words Gonadotroph adenoma ; FSH ; Childhood ; Ultrastructure ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Female gonadotroph adenomas with endocrinological symptoms are uncommon. Six cases of such adenomas have been reported in the literature: two were girls who presented with precocious puberty and four were premenopausal women with accompanying multiple ovarian cysts. We describe here a 10-year-old Japanese girl with a gonadotroph macroadenoma and present detailed morphological findings of the tumor. The patient's chief complaints were nausea, abdominal distention, and abdominal pain. Abdominopelvic ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed bilateral multiple ovarian cysts. Endocrinological assays showed elevated serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (33.7 mIU/ml) and estradiol (3840 pg/ml). MRI of the head showed a large pituitary tumor. Two transsphenoidal operations and subsequent radiation therapy were performed. Immunohistochemically, more than half the tumor cells were positive for anti-FSH-β monoclonal antibody. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells exhibited a fairly uniform picture of rounded cells. Their nuclei were slightly irregular and contained heterochromatin, and their cytoplasm contained many round, dense core granules, measuring 140–260 nm in diameter, together with well-developed organelles. An in vitro study showed that the tumor cells in primary culture produced FSH (1089.0 mIU/ml). To our knowledge, this is the first immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of an FSH-secreting gonadotroph adenoma occurring in childhood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    ISSN: 1437-773X
    Keywords: Key words Apoptosis ; Helicobacter pylori ; Fibroblasts ; Smooth muscle cells ; Ultrastructure ; Gastroduodenal ulcer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract It has been considered that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a major cause of human gastritis and gastroduodenal ulcers (G-DU). Many investigations of the relationship between H. pylori and apoptosis have been reported recently. However, these studies focused mostly on epithelium, using the TUNEL method. In the present study, we evaluated by electron microscopy the occurrence of apoptosis in the mesenchymal cells of lamina propria mucosae infected with H. pylori. Gastric biopsy specimens from 37 H. pylori-infected G-DU patients and 8 noninfected volunteers were examined with both light and electron microscopy and analyzed by the TUNEL method. The TUNEL method showed no significant difference between H. pylori-infected and noninfected cases. In contrast, electron microscopy revealed significant numbers of apototic fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells in H. pylori-infected lamina propria mucosae, with a diminished number of collagen fibers in surrounding areas. These areas showed edematous changes histopathologically. These results indicated that H. pylori infection induces apoptosis of fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells in lamina propria, with decrease in the numbers of collagen fibers, suggesting that these alterations may be affected by exaggerate acid secretion, decrease mucus protecting factors, and result in ulcer formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical electron microscopy 33 (2000), S. 109-114 
    ISSN: 1437-773X
    Keywords: Key words Ciliogenesis ; Ciliated cell ; Abnormal cilia ; Basal body ; Ultrastructure ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cilia are motile processes extending from the basal bodies, playing important roles in the mucociliary clearance in the respiratory tract and the transport of the ovum from the ovary to the uterus in mammals. Ciliogenesis is divided into four stages: (1) duplication of centrioles; (2) migration of centrioles to the apical cell surface to become basal bodies; (3) elongation of cilia containing the axoneme; and (4) formation of accessory structures of basal bodies. The orderly course of ciliogenesis appears to be disturbed by various internal and external factors and, as a result, various unusual forms of the ciliary apparatus develop in the cell. Inhibition of basal body migration results in development of intracytoplasmic axonemes, cilia within periciliary sheaths, and intracellular ciliated cysts. Swollen cilia and the bulging type of compound cilia are formed during ciliary budding and elongation. This review also discusses the origin, composition, and function of the centriolar precursor structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical electron microscopy 33 (2000), S. 135-142 
    ISSN: 1437-773X
    Keywords: Key words Elastic system fiber ; Ultrastructure ; Fibrotic human liver ; Oxytalan fiber ; Elaunin fiber
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The network of elastic system fibers in human fibrotic liver was investigated by histological methods, immunohistochemical staining, and electron microscopy. Type III collagen was seen not only in regions of portal fibrosis but also in the sinusoidal wall. However, elastic system fibers were not found in the Disse space of the sinusoidal wall. Elastic system fibers including oxytalan, elaunin, and elastic fibers were found successively in the course of elastogenesis. A few normal oxytalan fibers and abnormal oxytalan fibers were observed in the periportal tracts. Few normal elaunin and abnormal elaunin fibers were observed in regions of portal fibrosis but not in the surrounding margin. Elastic fibers, only in scarce amounts, were observed around the portal veins in the case of chronic active hepatitis but not in acute hepatitis. Abnormal oxytalan fibers were seen as a bundle of wavelike microfibrils and had an irregular arrangement. Abnormal elaunin fibers were not associated with bundles of microfibrils. Abnormal elaunin fibers in large amounts were found interspersed with spiraled collagen, which most likely indicates that the oxytalan fibers degenerated in the course of elastogenesis. Thus, in a fibrotic liver it is possible that synthesis of normal elaunin and elastic fibers does not occur or that the quantity of such fibers synthesized may be small because of the effect of the degenerated oxytalan fibers. As a characteristic of liver fibrosis, the composition of abnormal elastic system fibers and spiraled collagen differs from that in other fibrotic organs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    ISSN: 1437-773X
    Keywords: Key words Adenoid basal carcinoma ; Uterine cervix ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Adenoid basal carcinoma of the uterine cervix is a rare tumor with a favorable prognosis. A case of adenoid basal carcinoma (ABC) of the uterine cervix was studied using light and electron microscopy. The patient was a 74-year-old Japanese woman who had undergone hysterectomy due to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3. Incidentally, ABC was found in the resected uterus. The tumor cells made small nests and infiltrated the cervical portion of the uterus. In the nests, glands, cribriform patterns with glandlike structures, and squamous differentiation were seen. Immunohistochemically, the glandlike structures were positive for laminin and type IV collagen. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells had irregular nuclei, scanty cytoplasm, and cribriform patterns in which glandlike structures were covered with basal lamina. No myoepithelial differentiation of the tumor cells was seen. These findings suggest a similarity between adenoid basal carcinomas and adenoid cystic carcinomas. Furthermore, both tumors are considered to originate in the reserve cells of the uterine cervix. Because their outcomes are different, they should be distinguished from each other.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Giant rice body ; Ultrastructure ; Immunohistochemistry ; Histogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective: To report four cases of rice bodies (RBs) showing remarkable size variations and discuss their pathogenesis. Design and patients: Based on analysis of the clinical data, we speculate on the pathogenesis of RBs using immunohistochemical and ultrastructural methods. The patients comprised three men and one woman, three with RBs in the subacromial bursae and one in the wrist synovial sheath, aged 28 (woman), 44, 50 and 81 (wrist) years, respectively. Results: There were no particular differences in clinical data among the patients. T2-weighted MR imaging was very useful for diagnosis of the RBs, allowing their clear delineation from the bursal fluid. The RBs consisted of a layered protein- aceous substance with vague targetoid cut surfaces. Much fibrin and a lesser amount of collagen fibers were recognized together with various mononuclear cells, which were few in number and predominantly T cells. The bursae and synovial sheath had multiple fibrinoid spheroids at the luminal surface. Conclusion: Fibrinoid nodular deposits probably became detached, forming the nuclei of RBs and growing to a giant RB 65 mm in diameter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Arteriogenesis ; Collateral vessels ; Ultrastructure ; Cell adhesion molecules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Previous studies in the canine heart had shown that the growth of collateral arteries occurs via proliferative enlargement of pre-existing arteriolar connections (arteriogenesis). In the present study, we investigated the ultrastructure and molecular histology of growing and remodeling collateral arteries that develop after femoral artery occlusion in rabbits as a function of time from 2 h to 240 days after occlusion. Pre-existent arteriolar collaterals had a diameter of about 50 µm. They consisted of one to two layers of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and were morphologically indistinguishable from normal arterioles. The stages of arteriogenesis consisted of arteriolar thinning, followed by transformation of SMCs from the contractile- into the proliferative- and synthetic phenotype. Endothelial cells (ECs) and SMCs proliferated, and SMCs migrated and formed a neo-intima. Intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) showed early upregulation in ECs, which was accompanied by accumulation of blood-derived macrophages. Mitosis of ECs and SMCs started about 24 h after occlusion, whereas adhesion molecule expression and monocyte adhesion occurred as early as 12 h after occlusion, suggesting a role of monocytes in vascular cell proliferation. Treatment of rabbits with the pro-inflammatory cytokine MCP-1 increased monocyte adhesion and accelerated vascular remodeling. In vitro shear-stress experiments in cultured ECs revealed an increased phosphorylation of the focal contacts after 30 min and induction of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression between 2 h and 6 h after shear onset, suggesting that shear stress may be the initiating event. We conclude that the process of arteriogenesis, which leads to the positive remodeling of an arteriole into an artery up to 12 times its original size, can be modified by modulators of inflammation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 99 (2000), S. 310-316 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Ganglioglioma ; Ependymoma (tanycytic variant) ; Neurofibrillary tangle ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied a cystic ganglioglioma (GG) located in the right frontal lobe of the brain. Interestingly, the fibrillary spindle glial cells were often arranged in a fascicular pattern, and the generally uniform, round-to-oval delicate nuclei appeared to resemble those of ependymoma; and the neoplastic neurons often contained neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). The glial component was positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein and occasionally contained granular or microvesicular structures positive for epithelial membrane antigen. Ultrastructural investigation revealed that the glial cells were ependymal in nature; intracytoplasmic lumina and intercellular microrosettes lined with cilia and microvilli, as well as long zonulae adherentes, were evident. In addition, chromogranin A-positive granular staining, neurosecretory-granule-like structures, and parallel arrays of microtubules were sometimes associated with the blood vessels. We considered the present case to be an unusual example of GG with an ependymoma, more precisely a tanycytic ependymoma, as the glial component; to our knowledge, the existence of ependymoma as the main glial component of this particular tumor has not been described before. The occurrence of NFTs, which has been reported in several cases of GG, was an additional, unusual feature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 99 (2000), S. 214-218 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Eosinophilic inclusion body ; Inclusion ¶body ; Ependymoma ; Microlumina ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A study was undertaken to determine the pathological significance of previously unrecognized intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions (IEIs) in ependymoma. The study group consisted of 58 ependymomas, all of which were pathologically characterized and graded according to the 1993 WHO classification. Electron microscopic studies were performed in 16 cases. The study showed that 33 (57%) ependymomas had IEIs and that in 8 cases these were abundant. Round and eosinophilic, their sizes varied from 10 μm to a tiny dot. Similar eosinophilic bodies were also observed between tumor cells. The inclusions were weakly PAS positive. On immunostains, IEIs were frequently positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein, less often for S-100 protein, and for epithelial membrane protein and CAM 5.2. They were negative for AE1/AE3, carcinoembryonic antigen and Ber-EP4. Ultrastructurally, IEIs represented intracytoplasmic lumens containing microvilli and cilia. These microlumina also frequently contained granulo-tubular materials. With reference to tumor subtypes, IEIs occurred most frequently in ordinary and clear cell ependymomas. IEIs were also present in 4 of 6 anaplastic ependymomas studied. In conclusion, IEIs represent microlumina and occur in more than a half of ependymomas including malignant examples. Their finding is a helpful diagnostic feature of ependymoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 201 (2000), S. 51-61 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Female prostate (Skene gland) ; Ultrastructure ; Secretory (luminal) cells ; Basal (reserve) cells ; Intermediary cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The predominant cells of female prostatic glands lining their lumen were found to be tall cylindrical secretory cells with short stubby microvilli, protuberances of the apical cytoplasm, and with bleb formation. Abundant secretory vacuoles and granules, rough endoplasmic reticulum, developed Golgi complexes and numerous mitochondria are characteristic of their active secretory configuration with apocrine (apical blebs) and merocrine (secretory vacuoles and granules) type of secretion. Basal (reserve) cells were seen to be located between the secretory (luminal) cells and the basement membrane. Their ground cytoplasm is dense with rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Their nuclei, unlike those of secretory cells, possess more peripheral condensed chromatin, denser dispersed chromatin and sporadic nucleoli. Besides the two basic types of mature prostatic cells intermediary cells were also seen, located between the basal and secretory cells or in their close vicinity. Their cytoplasm exhibits numerous profiles of rough endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes. Secretory vacuoles and granules were mostly practically absent (type 1 intermediary cells) so that they resembled basal (reserve) cells. In some of them, however, as in secretory cells, such secretory elements do gradually appear (type 2 intermediary cells). The finding of intermediary cells in the lining of prostatic glands supports the role of basal (reserve) cells in the renewal of cells in glands of the female prostate. The first ultrastructural analysis of the normal female prostate performed by transmission electron microscopy showed that, as in the postpubertal male, the prostatic glands in the adult female display mature secretory and basal cells. The results of the presented study further corroborate the contemporary concept of the female prostate as a functional genitourinary organ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Alzheimer disease ; Fibrillar amyloid-β ; Astrocytes ; Microglial cell ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Ultrastructural three-dimensional reconstruction of human classical plaques in different stages of development shows that microglial cells are the major factor driving plaque formation by fibrillar amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition. The amount of fibrillar Aβ released by microglial cells and the area of direct contact between amyloid and neuron determine the extent of dystrophic changes in neuronal processes and synapses. The volume of hypertrophic astrocytic processes separating fibrillar amyloid from neuron is a measure of the protective activation of astrocytes. On the bases of the volume of amyloid star, microglial cells, dystrophic neurites, and hypertrophic astrocytic processes, and spatial relationships between plaque components, three stages in classical plaque development have been distinguished: early, mature, and late. In early plaque, the leading pathology is fibrillar Aβ deposition by microglial cells with amyloid star formation. The mature plaque is characterized by a balance between amyloid production, neuronal dystrophy, and astrocyte hypertrophy. In late classical plaque, microglial cells retract and expose neuropil on direct contact with amyloid star, enhancing both dystrophic changes in neurons and hypertrophic changes in astrocytes. In late plaques, activation of astrocytes predominates. They degrade amyloid star and peripheral amyloid wisps. The effect of these changes is classical plaque degradation to fibrillar primitive and finally to nonfibrillar, diffuse-like plaques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words GM1-gangliosidosis ; Ultrastructure ; Electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry ; Diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The post-mortem diagnosis of lysosomal storage diseases can be confounded by the unavailability of suitable material. Here we report the diagnosis of GM1-gangliosidosis in a cross-bred dog, from which only formalin-fixed brain was available, by a combination of electron microscopy and the detection of elevated levels of GM1-ganglioside within the tissue using the novel technique of electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry. Electron microscopic examination of ultrathin sections of resin-embedded tissue revealed cytoplasmic inclusions (membranous cytoplasmic and zebra bodies) in brain stem and cerebellar neurons that were characteristic of a gangliosidosis. Glycolipids were extracted from the fixed tissue and analysed by tandem mass spectrometry. Two major ions were detected, which corresponded to GM1 (d18:1–C18:0) and GM1 (d20:1–C18:0). Their identity was confirmed by comparison of their fragmentation patterns with those of authentic standards. The concentration of GM1 was approximately sixfold higher on a wet weight basis than in the brain of a normal control dog, confirming the diagnosis of GM1-gangliosidosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 436 (2000), S. 249-256 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Endothelial cells ; Cell culture ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The aim of the present work was to examine and compare the ultrastructure of bovine retinal endothelial cells (BRECs) in vitro during several passages in a medium selective for endothelial cells. The identity of the endothelial cells was confirmed immunohistochemically, up to the tenth passage. Changes in their ultrastructure in comparison to endothelial cells in vivo occurred at the onset of culturing and not progressively with repeated passages. The cultured BRECs show high metabolic activity in all passages. While retaining their identity as endothelial cells, they modify their lipid metabolism, so that lipids are stored. This change in lipid metabolism was induced by the medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Key words Pineal organ ; Photoreceptor cells ; Ultrastructure ; Proteus anguinus ; Regressive evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied ultrastructure of the photoreceptor cells in the pineal organ of blind, depigmented, neotenic cave salamander, Proteus anguinus. Unlike in epigean vertebrates the outer segments of most photoreceptor cells consists of concentrically arranged lamellae, however; in few cells, the outer segments contain 7-9 plasma membrane disks. In both types of photoreceptor cells the outer segments enclose lumps of vesicles of different sizes. The photoreceptor cells of Proteus anguinus are similar to those in other cavernicolous fish species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    ISSN: 1439-7609
    Keywords: Key words Septic arthritis ; Surface antigens ; Ultrastructure ; Burkholderia pseudomallei ; IEM
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, a disease that frequently runs a protracted course and is very difficult to eradicate. The mechanisms that this organism uses to escape from host defense mechanisms and antibiotics are not well understood. The aim of the study was to compare the morphological characteristics and surface antigen expression of B. pseudomallei in naturally infected human synovial tissues with the characteristics of bacteria grown in culture media. Immunoelectron microscopic study was performed in four synovial biopsies taken from four B. pseudomallei septic arthritis patients. Colonies of pathogenic B. pseudomallei collected from culture media were used as positive controls. Polyclonal antibody to whole cell B. pseudomallei was used as a primary antibody. Complete bacteria-like particles were demonstrated both extracellularly and intracellularly in all four synovial specimens. The intracytoplasmic location of B. pseudomallei and mononuclear phagosome containing microcolony-like structures were demonstrated. B. pseudomallei found in the synovial membrane samples were mostly atypical, with fewer cytoplasmic electron lucent granules. Immunogold staining of bacterial surface antigens was weaker than staining of positive controls. We demonstrated atypical forms of B. pseudomallei and evidence for suppression of its surface antigens in naturally infected human synovial tissues. This adaptation may help bacteria to survive despite host immune surveillance and treatment with antibiotics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 10 (2000), S. 15-21 
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Anthoceros punctatus ; Arbuscular mycorrhiza ; Bryophytes ; Glomus ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Glomus claroideum (Schenck & Smith emend. Walker & Vestberg) were investigated for ability to form arbuscular mycorrhiza-like symbioses with the hornwort Anthoceros punctatus (L.). Spores were transferred to a cellulose acetate filter on water agar and a small portion of an Anthoceros thallus was placed directly upon the spores. Light-microscope observations 20 days after inoculation revealed branched hyphae growing within the thallus. After 45 days, arbuscules and vesicles were studied by light- and electron-microscopy. After 60 days in water agar culture, the colonised Anthoceros thalli were transferred to a low-nutrient medium agar. Hyphae spread in the agar and newly formed spores were observed 5 weeks after the transfer. After 4 months, about 1000 spores were formed in each Petri dish. This is the first report of an experimentally established arbuscular mycorrhiza-like symbiosis between an identified fungus belonging to the Glomales and a bryophyte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Key words Streptozotocin ; Diabetes ; Ventricular myocyte ; Cardiac muscle ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Contractile dysfunctions have been demonstrated in different experimental models of diabetes which have similar characteristics to many of the abnormalities found in the clinical setting. Administration of streptozotocin (STZ) to young adult rats induces β-cell necrosis of the pancreas which gives rise to hypoinsulinaemia and hyperglycaemia, features which are also seen in untreated type 1 clinical diabetes. We have investigated the chronic effects of STZ-induced diabetes on contraction in rat ventricular myocytes and ultrastructure of cardiac muscle. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats (230–270 g) with a single injection of STZ (60 mg kg−1). At 2 and 10 months after STZ treatment, the amplitude of contraction was larger in diabetic compared to control myocytes. Time to peak contraction was significantly longer at 2 months but appeared to normalise at 10 months after STZ treatment. In contrast, time to half relaxation of contraction was not significantly different after 2 months but was significantly reduced at 10 months after STZ treatment compared to control. Transmission electron microscope examination of cardiac muscle showed that the ultrastructure of cardiac muscle, especially structures associated with contraction, were not greatly altered after STZ treatment. Sarcomere lengths were not significantly different in papillary or ventricular muscle at 4 or 8 months after STZ treatment compared to control. Our data provide evidence that morphological defects in contractile myofilaments and associated structures cannot explain contractile dysfunctions seen in ventricular myocytes from STZ-treated animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Arabidopsis thaliana ; Cryopreservation ; Dehydration ; Thermal analysis ; Sucrose ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Arabidopsis thaliana suspension cells were preserved in liquid nitrogen for over three years, using embedding of cells in calcium-alginate prior to subculture in sucrose-enriched medium, air-drying, and direct quenching in liquid nitrogen. Survival of cells reached 34%, yielding regrowth at the surface of all cryopreserved beads in less than 7 days. Following pretreatment and dehydration, the water content dropped from 2300% to 34% with respect to dry weight. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that glass transition occurred on cooling, followed by a slight crystallization event on rewarming. The survival of cells was independent of the cooling rate. The tolerance of the acute dehydration step increased progressively with sucrose pretreatment duration, indicating the requirement for adaptative cellular alterations. Ultrastructural studies revealed several changes in cells after sucrose pretreatment prolonged from 1 to 7 days: reversal of the initially plasmolyzed state, microvacuolation, numerous autophagic structures, scarcity of ribosomes, increase in number and size of starch grains. No cell division seemed to occur during this period. After air-drying and after a freeze-thaw cycle, followed by 24 h rehydration, regenerating cells had recovered a high level of ultrastructural organization and contained numerous polysomes suggesting an intense metabolic activity. Trehalose, a cryoprotective disaccharide not considered to be a metabolic substrate, yielded only 70% regrowth after freezing. Biochemical analysis showed that soluble sugars accumulated during the pretreatment, essentially sucrose or trehalose; the monosaccharide content also increased. In the light of these results, the action of sucrose in inducing freezing tolerance is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Beta vulgaris ; Cyst nematodes ; Histology ; Resistance mechanism ; Syncytium ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Using susceptible and resistant sugar beet lines, comparative analyses of root histology and ultrastructure were made during invasion by nematodes and the induction and formation of specific feeding structures (syncytia).The resistant line carried the resistance geneHs1pro−1.Nematodes were able to invade and induce functional syncytia in roots of resistant and susceptible lines. However, syncytia in resistant roots were smaller and less hypertrophied. The vacuolar system of syncytia in susceptible plants contained many small vacuoles. In resistant plants vacuoles were larger but less numerous. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum prevailed in syncytial protoplasts of susceptible plants, whereas almost only rough endoplasmic reticulum occurred in syncytia in resistant plants. The most conspicuous and hitherto undescribed trait of syncytia in resistant roots was the initial appearance of loose, and later compact, aggregations of the endomembrane system which composed most of the endoplasmicreticulum system of syncytia at later stages. Syncytia in resistant plants usually degraded before the nematodes reached their adult stage. The appearance of membrane aggregations and the other resistance-specific features are discussed in relation to their possible effects on syncytium function and role in nematode resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Protoplasma 211 (2000), S. 94-102 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Androgenesis ; Embryogenesis ; Microspore culture ; Pollen ; Ultrastructure ; Wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have made a detailed cytological examination of the development of wheat embryoids, monitoring their initial divisions from two to ten cells by both light and electron microscopy. According to our observations the first embryogenic division is symmetrical. After the androgenesis induction treatment, there is a decrease in ribosome population with cells that have inactive nucleoli made up almost exclusively of a dense fibrillar component. This population is restored after initial embryogenic divisions. During the initial divisions the embryogenic pollen grains do not appear to change in size and the pollen wall remains intact. The exine undergoes no modification but the intine thickens, and we have observed that the thickness of the intine can be used as a cytological marker of androgenesis. The walls separating the cells obtained after embryogenic division contained numerous plasmodesmata. The beginnings of embryo polarization and cell differentiation could be made out in the very early pollen embryoids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Glutathione ; Root ; Chromosomal aberration ; Ultrastructure ; Picea abies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Young spruce seedlings (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) grown in hydroponic culture were exposed to three different concentrations (50,100, and 500 μM) of reduced glutathione for 24 h. These physiologically relevant concentrations of glutathione had a multiple effect on the investigated tissue. Feeding of glutathione to roots increased the concentrations of thiols (glutathione, cysteine, and γ-glutamyl-cysteine) in roots, decreased the rate of cell divisions, induced mitotic abnormalities, and affected the cell ultrastructure. Electron micrographs showed effects such as advanced vacuolation, dilated rough-endoplasmic-reticulum cisternae, and separations of the plasma membrane from the cell wall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 21 (2000), S. S27 
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Key words Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses ; Lipopigments ; Ultrastructure ; Classification ; Genes ; Neuronal loss
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Morphological aspects of the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL) encompass two main features: loss of nerve cells and accumulation of autofluorescent lipopigments within cellular compartments. The former requires histology and morphometry for assessment, while the latter necessitates fluorescence microscopy, electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry. Accumulation of lipopigments is widespread throughout the central nervous system and extracerebrally. The latter feature enables diagnosis of NCL and its clinical subtype. Loss of neurons is most pronounced in cerebral and cerebellar cortices, in early childhood forms. In subcortical grey matter and in later-onset forms, juvenile and adult NCL, reduction in neurons and possible preceding dendritic pathology may only correctly be ascertained by age-matched, controlled morphometric investigations which, to date, have not yet completely assessed subcortical neuronal damage. Presently, clinical and morphological evaluations are mandatory for genetic analysis, genetic counselling, and prenatal diagnosis, the latter often being based on combined genetic and morphological studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    ISSN: 1861-387X
    Keywords: Hemangioblastoma ; Supratentorial tumor ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Supratentorial hemangioblastomas are rarely seen, especially in children and adolescents. We report the case of a 17-year-old male with supratentorial hemangioblastoma. Neuroimaging demonstrated a cystic lesion within the right parietal lobe. Systemic examination revealed no abnormality. The lesion was not attached to the dura and was not associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease. It was very difficult to confirm the final diagnosis of this case, in spite of extensive examination by light microscopy, immunohistochemical studies, and electron microscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 4 (1969), S. 84-90 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Inorganic salts ; Atherosclerosis ; Diffraction ; Aorta
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La diffraction à rayons X, la diffraction électrique et le microscope électronique suggérent qu'en dehors des composants usuels de calcium phosphate (apatite), un nombre d'autres éléments et radicaux sont également présents dans l'arteriosclérose aortique, lesquels sont capables de jouer un rôle dans le développement de la plaque «calcifiée» et dans celui de la lésion anorganique, caractéristique pour l'artériosclerose juvenile. Selon les cas étudies, l'artériosclerose aortique peut se présenter déjà au cours de la troisième decade de la vie et sa composition anorganique est presq'identique à celle de la plaque développée.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Sowohl die Befunde der Röntgendiffraktion als auch jene der Elektronendiffraktion und der Elektronenmikroskopie lassen vermuten, daß bei der Aortenatherosklerose zusätzlich zu den üblichen Komponenten von Calciumphosphat (Apatit) eine Reihe anderer Elemente und Radikale vorhanden sind; diese können eine Rolle spielen bei der Entwicklung der “verkalkten” Plaque und bei anorganischen Läsionen juveniler Atherosklerosen. Bei den untersuchten Fällen kann die Aortenatherosklerose bereits im 30. Lebensjahr auftreten; die anorganische Zusammensetzung der Plaque ist nahezu identisch mit jener der bereits entwickelten.
    Notes: Abstract X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction and electron microscopy suggest that in aortic atherosclerosis, in addition to the usual components of calcium phosphate (apatite), a number of other elements and radicals are present which may play a role in the development of the “calcified” plaque and in juvenile atherosclerotic inorganic lesion. In the cases studied, aortic atherosclerosis may appear as early as in the third decade and its inorganic composition is almost identical with the developed plaque.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Microaneurysms (conjunctival) ; Ultrastructure ; Epinephrine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La réponse des dilatations vasculaires conjonctivales à l'application locale d'adrénaline a été testée chez 25 sujets. Les dilatations veinulaires irrégulières disparaissaient, les microanévrysmes veinulaires subissaient une contraction partielle, tandis que les microanévrysmes capillaires ne se contractaient pas après application d'adrénaline. Des spécimens de biopsie de la conjonctive ont été examinés au microscope à lumière et au microscope électronique chez quatre sujets diabétiques, chez lesquels les microanévrysmes avaient été mis en évidence par biomicroscopie. On a noté un épaississement marqué de la membrane basale et un agrandissement du cytoplasme endothélial dans les capillaires dilatés. Les péricytes étaient normaux en nombre et en apparence. Chez trois non-diabétiques les dilatations capillaires conjonctivales n'ont pas subi ces modifications. On a observé un degré plus faible d'épaississement de la membrane basale chez un diabétique plus jeune. La découverte de microanévrysmes capillaires conjonctivaux chez un diabétique semblerait donc indiquer la présence de microangiopathie.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Das Ansprechen von Bindehautgefäß-Aneurysmen auf lokale Adrenalinapplikation wurde bei 25 Vp. überprüft. Darunter verschwanden unregelmäßige venöse Erweiterungen und die venösen Mikroaneurysmen kontrahierten sich teilweise, während sich die kapillären Mikroaneurysmen unter Adrenalin nicht verkleinerten. Biopsiepräparate aus der Bindehaut von 4 Diabetikern, bei denen sich durch Biomikroskopie Mikroaneurysmen hatten nachweisen lassen, wurden licht- und elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. In den erweiterten Kapillaren fielen dabei eine deutliche Verdickung der Basalmembran und eine Vermehrung des endothelialen Cytoplasma auf. Die Pericyten erschienen nach Zahl und Aussehen normal. Erweiterungen von Bindehautkapillaren bei 3 Nichtdiabetikern zeigten diese Veränderungen nicht. Bei einem jüngeren Diabetiker ließ sich eine weniger ausgeprägte Verdickung der Basalmembran beobachten. Der Nachweis von Mikroaneurysmen in den Bindehautkapillaren eines Diabetikers spricht also für das Vorliegen einer Mikroangiopathie.
    Notes: Summary The response of conjunctival vascular dilatations to topical epinephrine was tested in 25 subjects. Irregular venular dilatations disappeared, venular microaneurysms underwent partial contraction, while capillary microaneurysms did not contract following application of epinephrine. Biopsy specimens of the conjunctiva were examined by light and electron microscopy in four diabetic patients in whom microaneurysms had been demonstrated by biomicroscopy. Marked thickening of the basement membrane and enlargement of the endothelial cytoplasm were noted in the dilated capillaries. Pericytes were normal in number and appearance. Conjunctival capillary dilatations in three nondiabetics failed to show these changes. A milder degree of basement membrane thickening was observed in a younger diabetic. The finding of conjunctival capillary microaneurysms in a diabetic would thus appear to indicate the presence of microangiopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 12 (1969), S. 116-140 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Schwann Cell ; Acoustic Neuroma ; Tumor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine ultrastrukturelle Untersuchung von 50 Acusticusneurinomen wurde durchgeführt. Die lichtoptisch charakteristischen dichten, lockeren und vacuolären Areale dieses Tumors waren aus Zellen aufgebaut, die zwei gemeinsame ultrastrukturelle Eigenschaften aufweisen: a) Das Cytoplasma bildet Bündel sehr dünner, langer Fortsätze in engem Kontakt zueinander und/oder mit ähnlichen Fortsätzen benachbarter Zellen. Das zarte EPR scheint direkt für die Bildung dieser Fortsätze verantwortlich; b) alle diese Zellen und ihre Fortsätze waren stets von einer Basalmembran umgeben. Der extracelluläre Raum in vielen Tumoren erscheint entweder “leer” oder enthält ein feingranuläres Material und wenige kleine Bündel feiner Filamente. In jedem untersuchten Tumor enthielt der Extracellularspalt in den dichten Arealen bandförmige fusiforme Fasern (Luse-Körper) von sich wiederholenden 1200Å Makroperioden. Nur in einigen Tumoren enthielt der extracelluläre Raum der lockeren Gebiete natives fibröses Kollagen. Voll und teilweise bemarkte Nervenfasern mit hyperplastischen Schwann-Zellcytoplasma fanden sich in wenigen Geschwülsten. In einigen wurde auch eine konzentrische Anordnung von Zellen und Fortsätzen beobachtet. Ein Vergleich zwischen den untersuchten Tumoren und fetalen menschlichen peripheren Nerven führte zu dem Schluß, daß Schwann-Zellen und nicht Fibroblasten die meisten, wenn nicht alle Zellen von Acusticusnervengeschwülsten bilden. Das Perineurothel kann allerdings nicht als zweiter Sitz der Geschwulstbildung ausgeschlossen werden.
    Notes: Summary An ultrastructural study of 50 acoustic neuromas was made. The dense, loose, and vacuolated areas of light microscopy, characteristic of these tumors, were composed of cells exhibiting two common ultrastructural features: a) The cytoplasm formed bundles of very thin, long processes in intimate contact with each other and/or with similar processes from neighboring cells. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum appears to be directly responsible for the formation of these processes; and b) All of these cells and their processes were consistently surrounded by a basement membrane. The extracellular space in many tumors appeared either “empty” or contained a fine granular material and a few small bundles of fine filaments. In every tumor studied the extracellular space, in the dense areas, contained banded fusiform fibers (Luse bodies) of 1,200 Å repeating macroperiods. In only some tumors, the extracellular space of the loose areas contained native fibrous collagen. Fully myelinated and partially myelinated nerve fibers with hyperplastic Schwann cell cytoplasm were found in a few tumors. A tactoidal arrangement of cells and cell processes was also found in some tumors. A comparison between fetal human peripheral nerves and the tumors studied, led to the conclusion that the cells of Schwann and not fibroblasts form most, if not all the cells of acoustic nerve neoplasms. The perineurothelium, however, could not be excluded as a second site for the development of these tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 4 (1969), S. 305-313 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Decalcification ; Chromium Sulphate ; Ultrastructure ; Dentine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Une méthode nouvelle de décalcification histologique utilisant des solutions aqueuses de sulfate de chrome basique (III) est appliquée à des coupes fines de dentine humaine adulte. L'observation en microscopie électronique montre une bonne conservation structurale dans les régions extra-cellulaires. L'aspect de la matrice péricanaliculaire est particulièrement étudié. On y reconnait plusieurs couches bien individualisées. Une bonne concordance est notée entre les résultats obtenus par microscopie optique et électronique, permettant d'établir une hypothèse nouvelle sur la formation de la dentine péricanaliculaire.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Eine kürzlich entwickelte Methode zur histologischen Entkalkung mittels wäßriger Lösungen von basischem Chrom III-Sulfat wird an dünnen Schliffen von menschlichem Dentin Erwachsener angewandt. Darauffolgende Untersuchungen am Elektronenmikroskop zeigten eine sehr gute Wiedergabe der morphologischen Einzelheiten in den Extrazellulär-Regionen. Besonders beachtet wurde das Aussehen der peritubulären Matrix, innerhalb welcher gut differenzierte Schichten erkannt werden konnten. Eine wesentliche Übereinstimmung bestand zwischen Elektronenmikroskopie und kürzlich durchgeführten Untersuchungen an derselben Matric unter dem Mikroskop. Diese Methode ermöglicht es, eine neue Hypothese über die Bildung des peritubulären Dentins aufzustellen.
    Notes: Abstract A recently-developed method for histological decalcification using aqueous solutions of basic chromium (III) sulphate has been applied to thin sections of adult human dentine. Subsequent studies in the electron microscope show a very good retention of morphological detail in the extracellular regions. Special attention was given to the appearance of the peritubular matrix within which well-differentiated layers were recognised. There was substantial agreement between electron microscopy and recent studies of the same matric under the light microscope, allowing a novel hypothesis for the formation of the peritubular dentine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 4 (1969), S. 193-201 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Calcium ; Carbonate ; Gland ; Ultrastructure ; Spherolith
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les cellules activement sécrétantes des glandes riches en calcium deLumbricus terrestris ont une forme en dôme. La partie basale de la cellule présente de nombreux prolongements ramifiés. Ces prolongements contiennent de nombreuses mitochondries, ainsi que des invaginations de la membrane formant des vésicules qui migrent dans diverses parties de la cellule. Le noyau irrégulier est en position centrale. La région supranucléaire contient surtout de l'ergastoplasme, plusieurs appareils de Golgi et de nombreuses granules provenant de l'appareil de Golgi. Ces granules augmentent de taille et sont rejetées dans le sinus de la glande, où elles se modifient et se calcifient pour donner des sphérolithes. Des radioautographics glandulaires, obtenues 1/2 heure après injection de Ca45, montrent une localisation isotopique, située presque exclusivement dans les cellules; 4–24 heures après, l'isotope se localise dans les sphérolithes de la cavité glandulaire. Ces cellules semblent assurer deux fonctions liées à la production de sphérolithes: 1. absorption et transport de calcium de la région basale vers la surface cellulaire et 2. formation d'une matrice protéique qui se calcifiera.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die aktivsezernierenden Zellen der calcifizierenden Drüsen vonLumbricus terrestris sind annähernd kuppelförmig gestaltet. Der untere Teil dieser Zellen besteht aus unzähligen ineinandergreifenden Zellfortsätzen. Diese Fortsätze enthalten zahlreiche Mitochondrien und membranöse Einstülpungen, welche Bläschen bilden, die zu den verschiedenen Regionen der Zelle wandern. Der Zellkern ist unregelmäßig und zentral angeordnet. Die supranukleäre Region ist zu einem großen Teil mit grobem endoplasmatischem Reticulum und mehreren Golgi-Komplexen sowie zahlreichen Granula, die von den Golgi-Komplexen stammen, ausgefüllt. Diese Granula vergrößern sich und werden in den Drüseninus ausgestoßen, wo sie schließlich reorganisiert und mineralisiert werden, um Sphärolithen zu bilden. 1/2 Std nach Injektion von Ca45 wurde die Drüse entfernt; eine Radioautographie zeigte, daß das Isotop beinahe ausschließlich in den Zellen lokalisiert war; 4–24 Std später befand sich das Isotopin den Sphärolithen der Drüsenhöhlung. Diese Zellen sind anscheinend an zwei für die Bildung von mineralisierten Sphärolithen notwendigen Funktionen beteiligt: 1. an der Calcium-Absorption und deren Transport von der Basalregion bis zur Zelloberfläche; 2. an der Bildung einer Proteinmatrix, in welcher die Mineralisation stattfindet.
    Notes: Abstract The actively-secreting cells of the calciferous glands ofLumbricus terrestris are roughly dome shaped. The basal part of the cell consists of numerous interdigitating cell processes. These processes contain numerous mitochondria and membranous infoldings, forming vesicles which migrate to various regions of the cell. The nucleus is irregular and centrally located. The supranuclear region is occupied to a great extent by the rough endoplasmic reticulum, several Golgi complexes and numerous granules derived from the Golgi complexes. These granules enlarge and are extruded into the gland sinus, where they eventually become reorganized and mineralized to give rise to spheroliths. Radioautographs of glands removed 30 min following injection of45Ca showed uptake of the isotope located almost exclusively in the cells; 4–24 h later the isotope was located in the spheroliths in the gland cavity. These cells apparently perform two functions necessary for the production of mineralized spheroliths, 1, absorption and transport of calcium from the basal region to the cell surface and 2, the elaboration of a protein matrix in which mineralization occurs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Septal nuclei ; Afferent connexions ; Ultrastructure ; Synaptic degeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Previous studies with the Nauta technique have established that fibres which originate in two important areas — the hippocampus and the hypothalamus — converge upon the cells of the septal nuclear complex. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anatomical basis of how the septal cells could differentiate between fibres from the two sources. Differences in the mode of termination of these two systems have been studied quantitatively at the electron microscope level by using the orthograde degeneration of terminals after lesions of the fimbria and the medial forebrain bundle. In the medial septal nucleus, the hippocampal fibres account for 35% of the terminals, and in the lateral septal nucleus, 43% of the terminals on the same side and a further 13% on the opposite side. These terminals are at least 98% axodendritic and 91% of them contain predominantly clear synaptic vesicles of 500 Å diameter. The hypothalamic fibres are the source of up to 19% of the axodendritic terminals in the medial septal nucleus, but considerably fewer in the lateral septal nucleus. In contrast to the hippocampal afferents, the hypothalamo-septal system has two characteristic features: firstly, the fibres give rise to up to 24% of the axosomatic terminals in the medial septal nucleus, and secondly, 63% of the terminals contain a population of vesicles with significantly higher proportions of dense centred vesicles of 800–1000 Å diameter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 101 (1969), S. 98-118 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Insect: Nerve ; Ultrastructure ; Regeneration ; Degeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary After cutting a neck connective of Schistocerca gregaria, only 2% of the axons on each side of the lesion degenerate. The remainder show reactive changes, which last for approximately one week at 28° C. There is no morphological change in either of the pro/mesothoracic connectives after injury to the neck connective. Phagocytes invade the stumps, but attack only degenerating cells, and are absent by Day 7. Regeneration from the connective stumps begins a week after injury; a functional link may be formed by Day 10, but by Day 23 the new connective cannot function adequately for the locust's survival, if the undamaged connective is then cut. The chief morphological changes in the reactive axoplasm are increases in the number of mitochondria, neurotubules, vesicles and vacuoles. These changes appear to be a local response, and not to be influenced by the neuron cell bodies. Some glial cytoplasm (presumably enucleated), degenerates rapidly after injury, and replacement begins by Day 5. Tracheoles, never seen in normal connectives appear in the reactive connective from Days 3–8, this is interpreted as a migration from the ganglion in response to oxygen deficiency in the connective. The results are discussed in relationship to previous work.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 101 (1969), S. 167-174 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Flounder ; Chloride Cell ; Ultrastructure ; Cell Type ; Pseudobranch Gland
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The free or “non-glandular” pseudobranch of the flounder Paralichthys lethostigma was studied with the electron microscope. Cells typical of glandular type pseudobranchs are found. This indicates that, at least in the flounder, the free pseudobranch should be called “glandular”. In addition, the chloride-type cells, commonly found in the gill, buccal epithelium, and surface epithelium of other fish, have been found in the pseudobranch, where they have not been described previously. The fine structure of both the chloride-type and the pseudobranch-type cell has been characterized and contrasted. We have not been able to confirm previous reports that the specific cells in both pseudobranch and gill are identical in the flounder.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Lymphatic vessels ; Mesentery ; Ultrastructure ; Histochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die ableitenden Lymphgefäße im Mesenterium des Dünndarms männlicher weißer Ratten wurden elektronenmikroskopisch und histochemisch untersucht. Elektronenmikroskopisch findet sich ein lückenloses Endothel mit reichlich pinocytotischen Vesikeln. Eine Basalmembran ist im Klappenbereich durchgehend, sonst nur bruchstückweise vorhanden. Die darunter gelegene Bindegewebsschicht (Lamina propria interna) ist sehr unterschiedlich ausgeprägt. Die lichtoptische Einteilung in muskelstarke und muskelschwache (klappennahe) Abschnitte des Lymphangions läßt sich elektronenmikroskopisch bestätigen. Die zahlreichen membrannahen Vesikel der Muskelfasern sind bei Kontraktion in zahnartigen Fortsätzen angereichert. Auch beim Normaltier treten sog. „aktivierte“ Muskelzellen auf. Osmiophiles Material ist nach Fettfütterung zwischen den Muskelzellen und in der Lamina propria interna der Gefäßwand vorhanden, nicht dagegen in den Klappen. Der Kontakt zwischen den Muskelzellen erfolgt mittels fingerartiger Fortsätze. Endothel und Klappen sind frei von nervösen Elementen. Nervenendigungen und Axone sind zwischen den Muskelfasern nicht zu beobachten, hingegen ganz selten Ganglienzellen. Histochemisch sind im Endothel starke Aktivitäten der sauren Phosphatase und der Monoaminooxydase nachzuweisen, auch unspezifische Esterasen, ATP-ase sowie verschiedene Dehydrogenasen sind vorhanden. Cholinesterase, Cholindehydrogenase und alkalische Phosphatase fehlen. In der Media sind unspezifische Cholinesterase, unspezifische Esterasen, ATPase, Monoaminooxydase, Succinodehydrogenase und NAD-Diaphorase nachweisbar. Im einzelnen kann die Stärke der Aktivität einem bestimmten Abschnitt (muskelstark/muskelschwach) des Lymphangions zugeordnet werden. Damit ist eine Einteilung der Lymphangione in klappentragende und muskelmanschettenhaltige Anteile auch histochemisch möglich. Im Gegensatz zur Adventitia der Blutgefäße gibt die der Lymphgefäße keine Reaktion auf alkalische Phosphatase. Die dort reichlich vorhandenen Mastzellen sind Naphthol-AS-D-chloracetat-esterase positiv.
    Notes: Summary The large lymphatic vessels in the mesentery of male white rats were investigated with ultrastructural and histochemical methods. Electron micrographs show an uninterrupted simple endothelial layer, the individual cells of which are rich in pinocytotic vesicles. A distinct continous basement membrane is to be found only in the region of the valves, otherwise it is lacking over wide parts of the vessel wall. The so-called lamina propria interna differs greatly in its extent. Electron microscopy confirms the subdivision of the lymphangion into segments rich in muscle cells and others (in the area of the valves) which are less rich in them. Muscle cells contain numerous vesicles in close connection with the cell membrane which in contracted cells are to be found predominantly in toothlike projections. Also in the normal rat, so-called “activated” muscle cells are to be found. After a meal rich in fat, osmiophilic material can be seen between the muscle cells and in the lamina propria interna, however, not in the valves. Muscle cells are in contact with each other by finger-like processes. The endothelial layer and the valves are lacking nervous elements. There are no nerve endings and no axons between the muscle cells, but very rarely ganglion cells can be found. Histochemically, strong activities of acid phosphatase and MAO have been demonstrated in the endothelial layer. Unspecific esterases, ATP-ase and various dehydrogenases are also present, while cholinesterase, cholindehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase are lacking. In the media, unspecific esterases, unspecific cholinesterase, MAO, succinodehydrogenase and Naddiaphorase can be found. The intensity of enzymatic activities can be correlated to specific segments of the lymphangion. It is, therefore, possible to distinguish by histochemical methods the valve areas, which are poor in muscle cells, from the muscle-cuffs. In contrast to the blood vessels, the adventitia of the large lymphatics is alkaline-phosphatase negative. The mast cells, abundant in the adventitial layer, show α-Naphthol-AS-D-chloroacetate-esterase activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 101 (1969), S. 401-407 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Myriapoda ; Kidney ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Feinstruktur der Maxillarnephridien von Scutigerella immaculata Newport mit ihren drei Abschnitten Sacculus, Tubulus und Ausführgang wurde untersucht. Die Zellen des Sacculus sind typische Podocyten, an denen eine Ultrafiltration ablaufen kann. Möglicherweise wird die Filtration durch einen den Sacculus umgebenden Muskel unterstützt. Die Zellen des Tubulus zeigen basale Einfaltungen und im proximalen Teil auch Mikrovilli. Sowohl im Tubulus als auch im Ausführgang, dessen Zellen ebenfalls basale Einfaltungen aufweisen, werden Reabsorptionsprozesse vermutet.
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of the maxillary kidney of Scutigerella immaculata Newport (Symphyla) has been investigated. It may be compared with segmental organs of other Arthropoda having an end-sac which forms a primary urine by ultrafiltration. The filtration may be supported by a muscle surrounding the end-sac. The tubular part of the nephridium and the efferent duct show structures which may be involved in reabsorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Oogenesis ; Nuclear-Cytoplasmic relationships ; Microtubules ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary For a limited period during the oogenesis of Protopterus, blebs of the perinuclear cistern contain, in addition to other inclusions, a special kind of microtubular elements. Most of these blebs face parts of multiple nucleolar bodies that extend toward and make contact with the inner nuclear membrane. The microtubular lumen contains a finely dispersed material of moderate electron density which seems to be in contact with this nucleolar material. Aside from these intracisternal structures there are, within both the perinuclear cytoplasm and the nucleoplasm, similar microtubular arrays without apparent connection with the nuclear envelope. These are either enclosed by membranes derived from those of the envelope or unconfined, having escaped through breaks in their respective bounding membranes. Extracisternal tubules are presumed to have passed their period of putative functional activity and to be undergoing a process of regression and subsequent disintegration. Among possible roles attributable to the intracisternal microtubular apparatus are the following: (1) It may serve for the transport of special nucleolar components to the cytoplasm, possibly to be incorporated in the matrix of developing perinuclear mitochondria; (2) it may provide openings in the nuclear membranes for the direct passage of particulate elements between nucleus and cytoplasm; (3) it may be instrumental in the breakdown of parts of the nuclear envelope prior to its restitution during the subsequent phase of oogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 102 (1969), S. 570-593 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neuroendocrine structures ; Gastropods ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Studies of possible neuroendocrine structures in the pulmonate gastropod Helisoma tenue show that cerebral fuchsinophilic neurons with electron-dense granules (mean diameter 1,500 Å) apparently release their secretory content in an “intercerebral commissure neurohemal area” near the mediodorsal bodies (MDB) or in the “median labial nerve neurohemal area”. The MDB cells have axon-like processes which branch and end at the cerebral surface, separated by a thin capsule from the cerebral fuchsinophilic cells. The presence of granules (mean diameter 800 Å) in the terminals of the MDB cells suggests cell body origin, distal transport and release of the granular secretory material. The secretory product may have an influence on cerebral fuchsinophilic neurons. Electron microscopy reveals the presence of granules of different sizes and densities in expanded neurites at the periphery of the intestinal nerve of the visceral ganglion which may indicate the presence of a neurohemal area. However, the granules in the intestinal nerve neurites and in the visceral ganglion fuchsinophilic cells are similar to granules found in the heart which also suggests that the granules may carry a neurotransmitter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 101 (1969), S. 477-509 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Insects ; Proctodeum ; Cuticle ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'ultrastructure de la cuticule du rectum a été étudiée chez onze espèces d'Insectes, appartenant à neuf ordres. On s'est surtout intéressé aux espèces présentant des papilles rectales; dans ce cas on distingue toujours trois types de cuticule: cuticule de l'épithélium rectal, cuticule des papilles, cuticule du ≪cadre≫ entourant les papilles. La cuticule du cadre est formée d'une masse compacte et amorphe, sclérifiée, surmontée d'une cuticuline de structure normale. Les deux autres types de cuticules possèdent une structure plus classique: épicuticule comprenant cuticuline et zone dense, et endocuticule. La cuticule de l'épithélium rectal a toujours une structure comparable à celle d'une cuticule périphérique non sclérifiée. La cuticule des papilles est plus variable, et toujours différente de celle de l'épithélium rectal. Ces différences portent sur la cuticuline, la zone dense, les filaments épicuticulaires; l'endocuticule sur les papilles montre une organisation fibrillaire moins nette, qui paraît corrélative d'une réaction positive à l'APS. Des canaux poraires n'ont jamais été observés dans la cuticule des papilles; il en existe quelquefois dans la cuticule de l'épithélium rectal. Une sous-cuticule, contenant des mucopolysaccharides acides, est présente dans certains cas dans les deux types de cuticule. Dans les espèces ne possédant pas de papilles rectales, il n'existe qu'un seul type de cuticule rectale, variable suivant l'espèce. La cuticule des papilles montre, dans certaines espèces, des dépressions superficielles, d'un diamètre voisin de 0,2 μ, réparties uniformément mais sans ordre défini (≪dépressions épicuticulaires≫). De telles dépressions s'observent aussi dans quelques espèces dépourvues de papilles (Tenebrio). Au niveau de ces dépressions, la cuticuline a une structure particulière et la zone dense est réduite. Les rapports entre structure et perméabilité de la cuticule sont discutés. On envisage en particulier les rôles respectifs de la cuticuline, de la zone dense, des filaments épicuticulaires et des dépressions épicuticulaires.
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of the rectal cuticle was studied in eleven species of Insects from nine orders. Special attention was given to those having rectal papillae. In such species, three types of cuticule were observed: 1) the cuticle of the rectal epithelium, 2) the cuticle of the papillae, 3) the cuticle of the border of the papillae. The cuticle of the border is made of a compact amorphous substance, which is sclerotized and covered by a typical cuticulin layer. The two other types of cuticle exhibit a more conventional organization, namely the epicuticle comprising both the cuticulin and the dense layer, and the endocuticle. The cuticle of the rectal epithelium is similar to unsclerotized external cuticle. The cuticle of the papillae is more variable and always differs from the cuticle of the rectal epithelium. Variations occur with regards to the cuticulin, the dense layer and the epicuticular filaments. The endocuticle of the papillae has a less conspicuous fibrillar structure which we believe is correlated with the PAS-positive reaction found in this endocuticle. Pore canal sometimes are observed in the cuticle of the rectal epithelium but never above the papillae. In some cases, a sub-cuticular layer containing acid mucopolysaccharids is present in the two types of cuticle. In species lacking rectal papillae, the rectal wall is covered by only one type of cuticle, the features of which vary according to species. In some Insects, the cuticle of papillae shows numerous superficial depressions, each of about 0.2 μ in diameter. These “epicuticular depressions” are uniformly distributed throughout the papillae but are not arranged in any particular pattern. We have also found such depressions in other Insects lacking rectal papillae (e.g. Tenebrio). In the epicuticular depressions, the cuticulin exhibits a modified organization and the dense layer is reduced. The relations between ultrastructure and cuticular permeability are discussed. The possible roles of the cuticulin, the dense layer, the epicuticular filaments and the epicuticular depressions are examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 102 (1969), S. 1-30 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pineal organ ; Columba livia ; Electrical activity ; Ultrastructure ; Sensory (?) and secretory pinealocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Direkte Belichtung oder Lichtreizung der Lateralaugen lösen im zentralen Teil der Taubenepiphyse keine elektrische Aktivität aus. Im Stielabschnitt sind dagegen kleine, durch Licht nicht beeinlußbare Dauerentladungen zu beobachten. Die Lage der Ableitungspunkte wurde durch den histologischen Nachweis der elektrolytisch gesetzten Eisenmarken bestimmt. Diese Ableitungsstellen befinden sich im Epiphysenparenchym. Ein stärkeres versilberbares Nervenbündel verläuft im Stiel der Epiphyse. Adrenerge Nervenfasern, die grün fluoreszieren, begleiten die Kapselgefäße und dringen mit diesen in das follikuläre Epiphysengewebe ein. Das Epiphysenparenchym zeigt nach Falck-Hillarp eine Gelbfluoreszenz mit umschriebenen apikalen oder basalen Anreicherungen der fluoreszierenden Substanz. Mit Reserpin kann nur ein Teil dieses Materials entspeichert werden. Elektronenmikroskopisch lassen sich in der Taubenepiphyse keine typischen pinealen Rezeptorzellen nachweisen. Regelmäßig lamellierte Außenglieder fehlen vollständig. Es finden sich lediglich cytoplasmareiche bulböse Zilien und zirkuläre Lamellenkomplexe, die in Tubuli übergehen. Die letzteren können sich mit einem dichten körnigen Material füllen. An einigen Stellen haben solche Lamellenverbände einen Zusammenhang mit keulenförmig verdickten Zilien. Diese Zone ist aber anders strukturiert als das für retinale und pineale Lichtsinneszellen charakteristische Verbindungsstück. Die Zeichen der sekretorischen Aktivität der Taubenepiphyse sind überzeugender als die für einen lichtempfindlichen Sinnesapparat sprechenden Strukturmerkmale. Ein bestimmter Typ der Pinealocyten ist reich an 800–1200 Å großen granulierten Vesikeln, die sowohl am apikalen als auch am basalen, auf die Blutgefäße ausgerichteten Zellpol angehäuft sein können. An den manchmal gelappten basalen Endfüßen sind Zeichen der Ausschleusung des Vesikelinhalts bzw. eines Materialschwundes aus dem granulierten Vesikelkern zu erkennen. Die sekretorische Aktivität der Taubenepiphyse wird mit Hinweis auf die in ihr reichlich vorkommenden 5-Hydroxyindole (Quay) und das Problem der Melatonin-Bildung diskutiert. Erörtert wird auch die Möglichkeit einer Stimulierung dieser Sekretion über den Sympathikus.
    Notes: Summary Direct illumination or stimulation with light of the lateral eyes induced no electrical activity in the central part of the pineal organ in the pigeon. In the pineal stalk, however, a train of impulses was observed that failed to respond to changes of illumination. The position of the tip of the recording electrode (iron deposit), was histologically clearly determined to be in the pineal parenchyma. A distinct nerve bundle could be traced down the pineal stalk. Adrenergic nerve fibers showing a green fluorescence accompanied pineal capsular vessels into pineal follicular tissue. Using the method of Falck-Hillarp, the pineal parenchyma showed high concentrations of yellow fluorescent material in the apical or basal parts of the pinealocytes. Only a part of the fluorescent material could be dispersed with reserpine. In the electron microscope, no typical photoreceptor cells were identified in the pineal organ. Only large bulbous cilia, and circular lamellar or tubular complexes, were observed; they sometimes contained a dense granular material. Occasionally, the lamellar complexes had a direct relation to cilia of club-shaped appearance. Signs of secretory activity were more definitive in the pigeon pineal organ than sensory structures. One type of pinealocytes contained many 800–1,200 Å diameter granular vesicles concentrated in the apical or basal (apposed to blood vessels) cell parts. At the occasionally lobulated basal end-feet, a disappearance of the content of the granular vesicles indicated a release mechanism. This secretory activity was discussed in relation to the 5-hydroxyindole content of the pigeon pineal organ (Quay) and the general problem of melatonin synthesis; also, the possibility was considered that the secretory activity may be stimulated by sympathetic nerve fibers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 101 (1969), S. 323-337 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Vitreous body ; Hyalocytes ; Three-dimensional network ; Fibers ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The vitreous body of the rat eye was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The freeze-dried specimens were either unfixed, freshly frozen or fixed and rinsed before being frozen. The vitreous body is surrounded by a coat of intercellular material covering a thin sheath of chiefly parallel fibers. The latter forms the base for a regularly organized three-dimensional network of fibers. The interfibrillar spaces are filled with ground substance and also contain a few cells. The shape of the cells varies from bipolar to polyhedronal. Their interconnected processes are usually undivided. The functional importance of this complex regular organization of the fibers and cells in the vitreous body is stressed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 102 (1969), S. 31-39 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Muscle ; Sarcoplasmic reticulum ; Ultrastructure ; Cytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The sarcolemma and T system and the sarcoplasmic reticulum were studied in a fast acting muscle, the extraocular muscle of Fundulus grandis. The predominant morphological fiber type contained abundant glycogen, a highly developed T system with triads at the A-I junction and a well developed sarcoplasmic reticulum. The numerous tubular profiles of T system and sarcoplasmic reticulum with their characteristic contents made this fiber especially suitable for cytochemical investigation. Revel's thorium dioxide technique for the ultrastructural localization of tissue polyanions was applied to thin sections of extraocular muscle. The results confirmed an earlier report by Goldstein and Philpott on fish branchial muscle. The polyanionic material was associated with the sarcolemma, the T system and the sarcoplasmic reticulum of these fibers. Both the distribution and the amount of polyanionic substance associated with these physiologically important membrane systems support the idea that the reactive material serves as an anionic substrate for binding cationic calcium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 319-341 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Reaktivität des 3-Äthoxy-1.2-diphenyl-cyclopropenylium-Kations (1) gegenüber C-Anionen des Malodinitrils, Cyanessigesters, Benzylcyanids etc. wird systematisch untersucht. Das Nucleophil kann sowohl am C-3 als auch am C-1 von 1 angreifen; diese Konkurrenz ist von Solvens und Substituenteneffekten determiniert. Die entstehenden Produkte - Δ1-resp. Δ2-Cyclopropen-3-äthyläther 9 bzw. 10, Methylencyclopropen-Derivate (16) oder ringoffene 1 : 1-Addukte (20) - werden in ihrer Struktur aufgeklärt und ihr Bildungsmechanismus diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 374-375 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969) 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 23-30 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die protonenkatalysierte Umsetzung von Arylcyanaten mit Dimethylsulfoxid liefert im ersten Reaktionsschritt Carbamidsäureester, die bei längerer Reaktionsdauer oder erhöhter Temperatur durch intermediär gebildeten Formaldehyd zu N.N′-Methylen-bis-[carbamidsäurearylestern] (5) kondensieren. Der Mechanismus des Primärschritts wird als ein der Pummerer-Reaktion analoger Zerfall eines aktivierten Komplexes aus Arylcyanat, Dimethylsulfoxid und Proton erkannt.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 38-49 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Phosphine können bei der Reaktion mit Aziden in α- oder γ-Position der Stickstoffkette angreifen. Für das in Substanz faßbare Staudinger-Addukt von Triphenylphosphin an Tosylazid belegen Infrarotspektren 15N-isotopenmarkierter Derivate eine unverzweigte R3P=Nγ—Nβ=Nα—X-Struktur. Bei der thermischen Zersetzung in Benzol zu N-Tosyl-P-triphenyl-phosphazen (4) wird nach massenspektroskopischen Untersuchungen ausschließlich γ.β-N2 abgespalten.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 77-82 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Umsetzungen von Cl3-nFnCSCl (n = 1,2,3) mit F3CCO2Ag liefern in guten Ausbeuten Verbindungen vom Typ , die bei 20° unbegrenzt haltbar sind. Erhitzt man (1) im Bombenrohr auf 170°, so bilden sich Kohlendioxid und F3CSCF3, während beim Bestrahlen mit UV-Licht Perfluoracetanhydrid, F3CSSCF3 und F3CSO2SCF3 entstehen. Bestrahlt man mit (2) UV-Licht, so bilden sich CO2 und Cl2FCSCF3. Aus Thionylchlorid und Cl3-nFnCCO2Ag (n = 2,3) konnten nur die entsprechenden Anhydride und SO2 isoliert werden. Analog liefert Silberperfluorbutyrat mit F3CSCl die Zersetzungsprodukte F3CSSCF3, F3CSO2SCF3 und (C3F7CO)2O.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 104-111 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bis-[β-chlor-β-alkoxy-äthyl]-sulfoxide 5 entstehen unter milden Bedingungen bei der Umsetzung von Thionylchlorid mit Vinyläthern im Molverhältnis 1:3. Bei der Reaktion C-substituierter Vinyläther mit Thionylchlorid sind nur 1 : 1-Additionsverbindungen isolierbar. - 5a bildet mit prim. und sek. Aminen Bis-[β-amino-vinyl]-sulfoxide 7, mit Triäthylamin das Eliminierungsprodukt 9 und durch intramolekulare Redox-Reaktion 10.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 118-125 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Darstellung der zum trans-Pinansystem gehörenden Pinandiole-(2.3) (1 und 2) wird der konfigurative Zusammenhang der vier diastereomeren Pinandiole-(2.3) klar ersichtlich.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 167-179 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Derivate des Hexahydro-1.2.4.5.3.6-tetrazadiborins (1a) entstehen bei der Einwirkung von Organylhydrazinen auf Diaminoborane oder Phenylbordichlorid. Physikalische Untersuchungen legen eine aplanare Ringstruktur mit Bevorzugung der Wannenform nahe.Die Hydrazinolyse von HB[N(CH3)2]2 mit CH3HN—NHCH3 und CH3HN—NH2 ergibt Dimere dieses Ringsystems. Es sind Methylderivate der pentacyclischen Käfigverbindung 20. Das aus Hydrazin und Bis(dimethylamino)-boran zugängliche polymere (HB-NH-NH)n zersetzt sich oberhalb von 110° unter N2-Abspaltung zu (H2B-NH-NH-BH2)n.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 196-204 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Das Dinucleotid 9 wurde aus dem Nucleotid 8 und einem Guanidinium-Salz des Adenosin-5′-phosphorsäure-amids zusammengesetzt. 8 erhielt man aus dem Silbersalz des 3-Carbamoyl-pyridons-(6) (1) und 2.3.5-Tri-O-benzoyl-D-ribofuranosylchlorid über die O-Verbindung (2), die zum N-Ribosid (3) umgelagert und nach Entbenzoylierung und Acetonierung in 2′.3′-Stellung des Ribosids 4a mit Cyanäthylphosphat und Dicyclohexylcarbodiimid in 5′-Stellung zum Nucleotid 8 phosphoryliert wurde. Die β-Verknüpfung in 4a (und damit in 9) wurde u. a. durch Korrelation mit dem analogen Glucosid 4b so gut wie sichergestellt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 243-254 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 6-Dimethylamino-fulven (1) wird von CH3OD im Sinne einer elektrophilen Substitution in 2- und 5-Stellung deuteriert; unter der Annahme einer Reaktion 1. Ordnung ergab sich in CH3OD/CDCl3 (3 : 1) bei 60° eine Halbwertszeit von 3.7 Stdn. H-3 und H-4 werden langsamer gegen Deuterium ausgetauscht, ebenso das Proton in der 4-Position von 6-Dimethylamino-2.3-benzo-fulven (15). Die π- und J-Werte von 1, 10, 15, 17 und 18 wurden ermittelt; die vicinalen Kopplungskonstanten der Fulvenprotonen erlauben Aussagen über die Beteiligung polarer Grenzstrukturen am Grundzustand.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 289-296 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Tetrakis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)-methan, C[CH2P(C6H5)2]4, sowie Tetrakis(diphenylarsinomethyl)-methan, C[CH2As(C6H5)2]4, reagieren mit Halogenen zu Verbindungen des allgemeinen Typs C[CH2E(X)2(C6H5)2]4 (E = P, As; X = Cl, Br, J), in denen sämtliches Halogen im Festzustand und in Dichlormethan-Lösung kovalent gebunden ist. In stärker polaren Lösungsmitteln wie Dimethylformamid oder Acetonitril verhalten sich die Chlorderivate wie 1:2-, die Bromderivate wie 1 : 3- und die Jodverbindungen wie 1 : 4-Elektrolyte. Die aus sterischen Gründen mögliche Bildung von chlorverbrückten spirocyclischem, bromverbrückten bicyclischen und jodbrückenfreien Phosphonium- und Arsoniumkationen wird diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 342-350 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: N-Phenyl-pyrrolidon (1b) wird durch UV-Licht in N-Phenyl-pyrrol (9) übergeführt. N-Phenyllactame mit mindestens 7 Ringgliedern (1d-f) lassen sich photochemisch in guten Ausbeuten in die Benz-aza-cycloalkenone 4d-f umlagern. Die Struktur der Photolyseprodukte wird spektroskopisch, durch Derivate und durch Abbau zu Anthranilsäure gesichert.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 378-379 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 380-381 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 383-387 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Synthese von α-Pyridyl-glyoxal (2) (in Lösung) und einige Eigenschaften werden beschrieben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Solvolyse der Titelverbindungen ergibt ausschließlich Fragmentierung zu den entsprechenden Cycloalkenen, wenn Tosylat- und Aldehyd-Gruppe eine anti-periplanare Konformation einnehmen können. Ist dies ausgeschlossen, treten neben der Fragmentierung Ausweichreaktionen unter Wagner-Meerwein-Umlagerung ein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 435-442 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus dem in flüssigem Ammoniak schwach sauren o-C6H4(C≡CH)2 (Ks1 ⋍ 7·10-6) werden durch die Neutralisationsreaktion (1) sowie die Verdrängungsreaktionen (2), (3) die Alkalisalze o-C6H4(C≡CM)2 (M=Li bis Cs) rein dargestellt und ihre IR-Spektren diskutiert. Durch konduktometrische Titration in flüssigem Ammoniak wird die intermediäre Bildung der Monoalkalisalze bei der Neutralisationsreaktion (1) nachgewiesen.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 459-468 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2-Amino-2-desoxy-D-glucit reagiert mit Aceton zur Diisopropylidenverbindung 9, die mit Chlorameisensäure-äthylester das cyclische Carbamat 11 liefert. Durch partielle Hydrolyse ist die 5.6-O-Isopropylidengruppe abspaltbar zu 12, welches durch Perjodatspaltung in die Pentose 13 übergeführt werden kann. Bei saurer Hydrolyse von 13 erfolgt spontan Ringschluß zur 4-Amino-4-N.5-O-carbonyl-4-desoxy-L-xylofuranose (17), einem Zucker vom Pyrrolidin-Typ. 17 und seine Derivate 15 und 16 zeigen eine Abweichung von der Hudsonschen Isorotationsregel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 522-527 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Umsetzung von α-Cyanzimtsäurederivaten (1a, 1b, 1c) mit Cysteamin (2) bzw. dem Thiazolinylessigester 3 entsteht das Oxo-tetrahydro-thiazolo[3.2-a]pyridin 8, das leicht zum Oxo-dihydro-thiazolo[3.2-a]pyridin 7 dehydriert wird.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 556-563 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus Bis-trialkylphosphoranylidenamino-dialkyl-silanen (1 und 3) und doppelt-molaren Mengen Aluminium- oder Galliumtrialkylen werden ionisch aufgebaute Produkte (2, 4, 5, 8) gebildet, deren Kationen neuartige viergliedrige Ringsysteme enthalten. Diese kleinen Ringe vom Typ D sind Isostere der schon länger bekannten Verbindungsklassen A, B und C. Wie aus Konkurrenzexperimenten hervorgeht, werden Aluminiumatome den Galliumatomen als Ringglieder vorgezogen. Mit Indiumalkylen entstehen aus 1 nicht-ionische 2:1-Komplexe (9, 11), in denen jedes Stickstoffatom des zweizähligen Donators mit je einem Metallalkyl in Wechselwirkung tritt. Eigenschaften und NMR-Spektren der neuen Verbindungen werden angegeben und diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 568-574 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Unter sehr milden Bedingungen gelingt die Darstellung von Benzimidazolium- und Benzthiazoliumsalzen aus Carbonsäuren und o-substituierten N-Methyl-anilinen. Mit Ferrocencarbonsäure wurde ein Vertreter der bisher unbekannten Metall-π-Komplexe der Heteroanaloga des Sesquifulvalens erhalten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Freie 4-Amino-4.5-didesoxy-L-xylose und 4-Amino-4-desoxy-L-xylose wurden durch alkalische Spaltung aus ihren Derivaten 7 und 6 dargestellt und in ihren Reaktionen untersucht. Beide Verbindungen weisen in Lösung ein Gleichgewicht zwischen Pyrrolidin-Formen 11, 12, Δ1-Pyrrolin-Formen 13, 14 und den Dimeren 9, 10 auf, in dem die Dimeren 9, 10 weit überwiegen. Die Struktur der erhaltenen Dimeren 9, 10 folgt aus den NMR-Spektren von 9 und seiner Derivate und aus der Spaltung des N-Acetats 20 in 12 und 15. Die Dimeren werden durch Hydrierung, mit Schwefeldioxid und mit Blausäure glatt in monomere Derivate zerlegt. Sie sind gegenüber Salzsäurebehandlung überraschend stabil und bilden keine Pyrrolderivate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 528-547 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Das spirocyclische Phosphoniumsalz 1 reagiert mit Lithiumalanat oder Natriumboranat zu Bis-2.2′-biphenylylen-phosphoran (2), das ungewöhnliche Spektraldaten aufweist. 2 kann seinen Wasserstoff als Proton, als Hydrid-Ion und überraschenderweise auch spontan als Atom abgeben! Das Bis-2.2′-biphenylylen-phosphoranyl-Radikal (3) liefert ein ESR-Dublett mit aP = 17.9 Gauß und dimerisiert u. a. zu einem Produkt 5 mit tri- und pentakoordiniertem Phosphor. Das durch Protonenabstraktion aus 2 erhältliche Phosphoranyl-Anion 4 steht im Gleichgewicht mit einem Phosphin-Carbanion 13, das auch unabhängig darstellbar ist.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 785-791 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Das von Hattori und Mitarbb. erstmals aus den Blüten von Poncirus trifoliata isolierte und von Horowitz als Isosakuranetin-7-neohesperidosid aufgeklärte Poncirin 1a) wurde a) durch Kondensation von Phloracetophenon-4-neohesperidosid (2b) mit Anisaldehyd und Cyclisierung des primär erhaltenen Chalkonglykosides (3), b) durch Direktkupplung von Isosakuranetin (1) mit α-Acetobromneohesperidose nach Koenigs-Knorr und c) durch partielle Methylierung von Naringin (1c) synthetisiert. Die auf verschiedenen Wegen erhaltenen Glykoside stimmten untereinander und mit dem natürlichen Poncirin überein. Damit ist die Struktur 5.7-Dihydroxy-4′-methoxy-flavanon-7-β-[2-O-α-L-rhamnopyra nosyl-D-glucopyranosid] (1a) für das Poncirin bewiesen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 815-819 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Konstitution von 2exo-Methyl-norbornanol-(5exo) und -(6exo) (11 und 6) wird durch eine eindeutige Vergleichssynthese des 2exo-Methyl-norbornanols-(5exo) (11) bewiesen. 2exo-Methyl-norbornanol-(6exo) (6) wird in geringer Menge bei der Umlagerung von tertiärem 2endo-Methyl-norbornanol-(2exo) (9) mit Ameisensäure erhalten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 2835-2850 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Im Sinne einer Diels-Alder-Reaktion mit inversem Elektronenbedarf geben Cumalinsäureester (1) mit Ketenacetalen 1:1-Addukte der Struktur 3. Ihre Thermolyse führt führt zu 4-Alkoxy-benzoesäureestern, die Solvolyse zu 4-Alkoxy-isophthalsäuren bzw. -estern. 1 nimmt 2 Mol Äthylvinyläther (als elektronenreiches Dienophil) unter CO2-Abspaltung auf. Mit 1.1-Bis-[p-dimethylamino-phenyl]-äthen (13) und 1 unterbleibt die Dien-Synthese; es erfolgt vermutlich Anlagerung an die 5.6-Doppelbindung des Pyronringes zu 15.Aus Ketendiäthylacetal und Isodehydracetsäure-äthylester bzw. seinem 3-Nitroderivat entstehen unmittelbar die Benzoesäure-äthylester 10a bzw. 10b. Auch Ketenaminale, Keten-O.N-acetal oder das Inamin 16 reagieren mit Cumalinsäureestern entsprechend zu 12a, 12b und 17.Als 1.3-Dipolarophil addiert das Addukt 3c Diazomethan bzw. Phenylazid zu tricyclischen Reaktionsprodukten der vermutlichen Struktur 18 bzw. 20, deren Pyrolyse untersucht wird.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1347-1356 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Urorosein entsteht durch Polykondensation von Indolyl-(3)-glykolsäure und anschließende Oxydation, wobei sich der α.β′-Diindolylmethen-Chromophor bildet. α.β′-Diindolylmethen (1-5) werden durch Reaktion von α-freien und β-freien Indolen mit Glyoxylsäure, α.β′-Diindolymethene (10-12) aus α-Formyl-indolen mit β-freien Indolen gewonnen. Oxo-β.β′- (13-16) und Oxo-α.β′-diindolylmethene (17-20) entstehen aus β-bzw. α-Formyl-indolen mit Oxindolen.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1357-1362 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Einwirkung von Vilsmeier-Reagenz auf Phthalimidine im Verhältnis 2 : 1 bilden sich Halogen-formyl-isoindole 3. Als Zwischenprodukte kann man Isoindolenine 2 bzw. deren Salze 1 isolieren. Bei Reaktion im Verhältnis 1 : 1 entsteht Verbindung 4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 2881-2888 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bisher schwer zugängliche Äther verschiedener natürlich vorkommender Polyhydroxystilbene werden mit 60-95% Ausbeute durch Wittig-Reaktion erhalten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 2889-2899 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Alkoxy-diazenium-Salze 1 bzw. 2 reagieren nach Gl. (1) mit Carboxylaten zu Aryl- oder Alkyl-acyl-diazenen 4. Die Reaktion besitzt große Variationsbreite und erlaubt die Vereinfachung der Peptidsynthese über phenyldiazen-aktivierte Carboxylgruppen. Aus 1 und Cyanat-Ionen entstehen 3-Hydroxy-1.2.4-triazole (24a-c). Die Existenz des als Zwischenstufe postulierten 1.3-Dipols 9 wird durch Abfangen mit Acetylen-dicarbonester zu Pyrazolen 27a, b wahrscheinlich gemacht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 2922-2929 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 14 weiter neue p-fluor-phenylsubstituierte Organophosphorverbindungen wurden dargestellt und aus ihren 19F-NMR-Spektren die Hammettschen σp-Werte bestimmt. Von dem nun insgesamt vorliegenden Material wurden die Parameter und σRm berechnet und diskutiert, um damit die phosphorhaltigen Substituenten hinsichtlich ihres induktiven und mesomeren Verhaltens quantitativ festlegen zu können.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1418-1421 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Synthese der Titelverbindung (2) sowie ihre Umsetzung mit o-Phenylendiamin und Amidrazonen zu den Heterocyclen 4-6 wird beschrieben. Unter den Bedingungen der Benzilsäureumlagerung und beim Versuch der alkalisch katalysierten Kondensation mit Dibenzylketon entstehen unerwartete Produkte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1410-1417 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2.3-Bis-alkylimino-oxetane (3) reagieren mit Verbindungen HX zu den offenkettigen Amiden 6, während sie in Gegenwart von Lewis-Säuren zu den ungesättigten Amiden 5 isomerisiert werden können. Die Abhängigkeit beider Möglichkeiten von der Struktur des Oxetans und den Reaktionsbedingungen wird herausgestellt. Von Aldehyden abgeleitete Oxetane (3, R1=H) reagieren mit Carbonsäuren unter Acylwanderung zu den Enolamiden 21. Weitere Reaktionen von Carbonylverbindungen mit Isonitrilen werden in einer Übersicht zusammengefaßt.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1422-1430 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2-Brom-1-phenyl-cyclobutendion reagiert mit o-Phenylendiaminen zu 1-Phenyl-2.8-dihydrocyclobuta[b]chinoxalinonen-(2) 1. Der Strukturbeweis wird mittels spektroskopischer Methoden und durch alkalischen Abbau geführt. Bei Verwendung unsymmetrischer o-Diamine wird die differenzierte Basizität der Aminogruppen als ausschlaggebend für die Stellung der Substituenten erkannt. Das Auftreten von Nebenprodukten 2 beim Einsetzen von symmetrischen o-Diaminen gibt Aufschluß über den Reaktionsmechanismus.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1431-1438 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Titelverbindung bildet mit primären und sekundären aromatischen Monoaminen und p-Diaminen die vinylogen Amide und Bis-amide 1-5. Dimethylanilin wird in p-Stellung elektrophil substituiert (6). Phenylcyclobutendion liefert mit Dimethylanilin unter 1.4-Addition das Arylierungsprodukt 7.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3082-3087 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Methylierung des 1-Phenyl-5-p-tolyl-formazans (1) führt zu zwei isomeren N-Methylderivaten (2 und 3). 3-Methyl-1-phenyl-5-[4-nitro-phenyl]-formazan (4) bzw. 1.3-Diphenyl-5-diphenylcarbamoyl-formazan (7) ergeben unter gleichen Bedingungen nur ein N-Methylderivat (5 bzw. 8).
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3094-3101 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Natrium-trimethylsilanolat reagiert bereits bei Raumtemperatur mit N-Trimethylsilyl-carbonsäureamiden zu Natrium-carbonsäureamiden und Hexamethyldisiloxan. Mit Imidchloriden bildet es unter ähnlich milden Bedingungen  -  über die nicht faßbare Stufe der Natriumcarbonsäureamide  -  Hexamethyldisiloxan und acylierte Amidine. Diese sind auch aus Natrium- oder N-Trimethylsilyl-carbonsäureamiden und Imidchloriden zugänglich.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3122-3126 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Acyl-Umlagerung von 4-Acetoxy-cumarin (2) zu 4-Hydroxy-3-acetyl-cumarin (3) wird in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur mit und ohne Lösungsmittel untersucht. Durch Abfang-und Kreuzversuche sowie durch Verwendung von deuterierten Verbindungen wird gezeigt, daß in allen untersuchten Fällen einem intramolekularen Mechanismus der Vorzug zu geben ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3139-3147 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus Bis-[2-chlor-äthyl]-amin (HN-Lost) und Derivaten aromatischer β-Hydroxy-vinylketone resultieren Bis-[2-chlor-äthyl]-[2-acyl-vinyl]-amine 6. Das Reaktionsverhalten dieser vinylogen Stickstofflost-Amide wird untersucht und der Einfluß von Substituenten auf ihre Stabilität im schwach sauren Medium diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1449-1452 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Darstellung und Eigenschaften von 2.2″-Äthano-m-terphenyl (1) werden beschrieben. Aus dem temperaturabhängigen 1H-NMR-Spektrum kann auf zwei nebeneinander ablaufende innermolekulare Bewegungsvorgänge (A ⇌ B und A ⇌ C) geschlossen werden. Der Prozeß A ⇌ B besteht in einem Durchtreten des inneren aromatischen Wasserstoffatoms durch das Neunring-Innere; dabei muß wegen der sterischen Behinderung durch die gegenüberliegende H2C—CH2-Bindung eine Energiebarriere überwunden werden. Der Vorgang A ⇌ C läßt sich als eine Ringinversion auffassen, in deren Verlauf die quasiaxialen H-Atome der CH2-Gruppen in eine quasiäquatoriale Stellung übergeführt werden und umgekehrt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3205-3216 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Oxydation von O-Acetyl-N-[3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-benzoyl]-L-threonin-methylester (20h) mit Kaliumhexacyanoferrat(III) liefert zu 90% ein chromatographisch trennbares Gemisch aus 2.5 Teilen Pseudo-actinocinyl-bis-[O-acetyl-L-threonin-methylester] (21b) und 1 Teil N.N′-[2-Hydroxy-4.9-dimethyl-phenoxazon-(3)-dicarbonyl-(1.6)]-bis-[O-acetyl-L-threonin-methylester] (22b). Da nach diesem Kondensationsverlauf bei der Synthese von Pseudoactinomycinen (z. B. 13a) analoge Trennungen wie die von 21b.22b erforderlich werden und diese am Schluß der Synthese am einfachsten sind, ist für die Darstellung von Pseudo-actinomycinen die oxydative Kondensation von N-[3-Amino-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-benzoyl]-pentapeptid-lactonen wie 11a das Verfahren der Wahl.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3235-3237 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3238-3240 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3241-3247 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 3-[2-Dialkylamino-vinyl]-phthalhydrazide 1 werden, ausgehend von 3-Methyl-phthalsäuredimethylester, über 3-[2-Oxo-äthyl]-phthalhydrazid synthetisiert. Sie sind Vinyloge der sterische Resonanzhinderung aufweisenden 3-Dialkylamino-phthalhydrazide und übertreffen letztere hinsichtlich der Chemilumineszenz bei der alkalischen Oxydation, erreichen jedoch das Luminol (3-Amino-phthalhydrazid) bei weitem nicht, vermutlich wegen ihrer leichten Hydrolysierbarkeit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1480-1484 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: o-Hydroxyamino-benzoesäure-äthylester (1) bildet mit Methylisocyanat in Abwesenheit eines Katalysators das N-Carbamoylderivat 2; dieses cyclisiert mit Hilfe von Phenyldiazomethan zum 2.1-Benzisoxazolonderivat 3b. In Gegenwart von Triäthylamin als Katalysator reagiert 1 mit Methylisocyanat unter Bildung des Dicarbamoylderivats 4; in Gegenwart von Phenyldiazomethan dagegen liefert es über 4 hinaus je nach den Mengenverhältnissen Derivate des 1-Hydroxy-chinazolins (5b) oder des 2H-[1.2.4]Oxadiazolo[2.3-a]chinazolins (7), eines neuen heterocyclischen Systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3127-3134 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Chlorierung des Perchlorvinylacetaldehyds (3) bei -45° führt zu n-Perchlorbutanal (9). Das von Böeseken und Mitarb. beschriebene „9“ muß eine andere Konstitution besitzen. Perchlorbuttersäure (7) ist durch Chlorierung von Perchlorvinylessigsäure oder durch Umsetzung ihres aus dem Methylester 2 und Chlor erhältlichen Chlorids 4 mit DMSO in Methylenchlorid gut zugänglich. 7 ist thermisch noch ziemlich stabil, aber überaus leicht hydrolysierbar. 9 zersetzt sich schon bei Raumtemperatur allmählich und wird durch Basen ebenso wie 7 zu Hexachlorpropen abgebaut.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3148-3158 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1-Aza-bicyclo[1.1.0]butane 3 werden aus 1.3-Dibrom-2-amino-propanen 2 durch zweifachen intramolekularen Ringschluß dargestellt. Die Reaktion mit Säurechloriden, Säureanhydriden, Thiophenol, sek. Aminen, Chlorwasserstoff und Acetylendicarbonsäureester führt unter Spaltung der 1.3-Bindung zu Azetidinen 9. 1-Aza-bicyclo[1.1.0]butane 3 lassen sich katalytisch unter Aufnahme von 2 Moläquivv. Wasserstoff zu primären Aminen 15 hydrieren.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3192-3204 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Massenspektren der nicht enolisierbaren Thioketone 1b-6b, bei denen die Thiocarbonylgruppe nicht Bestandteil eines Ringes ist, unterscheiden sich von denen der ihnen entsprechen den Ketone durch einen neuen Fragmentierungstyp. Dieser ist durch einstufige, radikalische Abspaltung der Sulfhydrylgruppe gemäß Schema (5) gekennzeichnet, die zur Bildung eines Fluorenyl-Kations führt. Der Vergleich der Massenspektren von Thiobenzophenon (1b) und 9-Mercapto-fluoren (16) weist darauf hin, daß vor der (M—SH)-Fragmentierung des Thioketons die Fluorenstruktur durch Umlagerung und Cyclisierung vorgebildet sein muß Die Massenspektren der Thioketone 7b-14b, bei denen die Thiocarbonylgruppe Bestandteil eines Ringes ist, zeigen keine Sulfhydrylabspaltung. Einige dieser Thioketone weisen gegenüber den entsprechenden Ketonen eine intensivere (M—1)-Fragmentierung auf.Die untersuchten Diazoverbindungen zeigen primär (M—N2)-Fragmentierung und sekundär Wasserstoffabspaltung. Diese Sekundärfragmente der Diazomethane 1c-6c haben die Struktur eines Fluorenyl-Kations.Fragmentierungsmechanismen und Vergleiche mit thermo- und photochemischen Reaktionen dieser Verbindungen werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3224-3228 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Umsetzung des labilen Ammoniakats von Kupfer(I)-acetylacetonat CuC5H7O2·2.5 NH3 mit Phenylisocyanid, Triphenylphosphin bzw. 1.2-Bis-diphenylphosphino-äthan konnten die stabilen Komplexe CuC5H7O2·2 CNC6H5, CuC5H7O2·2 P(C6H5)3, CuC5H7O2·(C6H5)2P [CH2]2—P(C6H5)2 als praktisch farblose, diamagnetische Substanzen erhalten werden. Die IR-Spektren dieser monomeren Nichtelektrolyte werden diskutiert.  -  Die Reaktion des CuC5H7O2·2.5 NH3 mit 1.10-Phenanthrolin (phen) hingegen führt zu dem rotvioletten, kristallinen, diamagnetischen [Cu phen2]C5H7O2. Die salzartige Struktur dieses Acetylacetonats ergibt sich aus Leitfähigkeitsmessungen sowie aus den Absorptionsspektren im IR- und sichtbaren Bereich.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3230-3232 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1513-1522 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Der Zerfallsmechanismus einiger monomerer Lignin-Bauelemente (1-13) mit verschiedener Struktur der Seitenkette wird beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1523-1528 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus N-Fluorformyl-schwefeldifluoridimid (1) und Quecksilber-bis-schwefeldifluoridimid (4) dargestellt. Durch thermische Zersetzung von 4 läßt sich Thiazylfluorid in präparativem Maßstab sehr rein gewinnen. Mit Chlor und Brom reagiert 4 bei Raumtemperatur zu N-Chlor- bzw. N-Brom-schwefeldifluoridimid, mit Jod entsteht vermutlich N-Jod-schwefeldifluoridimid.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3229-3229 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ausgehend vom ungesättigten Keton 1 gelingt die stereoselektive Totalsynthese mehrerer heterocyclischer Indol- und Oxindol-Alkaloide. Speziell der stereoselektive Aufbau der C-19-Konfiguration sowie der Einfluß dieses Zentrums auf die Folgereaktionen werden diskutiert. Die Massenspektren der verschiedenen stereoisomeren Zwischenprodukte werden gegenübergestellt.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3599-3602 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3605-3605 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3298-3303 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Der Hauptinhaltsstoff von Chrysanthemum frutescens L. wird nach dem Vorbild der biogenetischen Bildung synthetisch dargestellt. Struktur und Konfiguration der Zwischenprodukte sowie der Mechanismus der für die Aromatisierung entscheidenden Chlorierung werden diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3304-3309 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die aus Cyclooctatetraen und Azodicarbonsäure-diäthylester über mehrere Stufen zugängliche Hydrazoverbindung 3 liefert bei der Dehydrierung an Stelle der Azoverbindung 4 Bicyclo[4.2.0]octatrien-(2.4.7) (5). Die leicht erfolgende Stickstoffeliminierung aus 4 wird mit einem elektrocyclischen Mechanismus im Sinne einer Retro-Diels-Alder-Reaktion erklärt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...