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  • 1985-1989  (4.147)
  • Chemical Engineering  (3.542)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging
  • Nuclear reactions
  • Physics
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fibrous metaphyseal defects (1989)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 18 (1989), S. 253-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Schlagwort(e): Fibrous metaphyseal defect ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Determination of origin
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Sixteen patients with fibrous metaphyseal defects were examined with both plain radiography and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Depending on the age of the fibrous metaphyseal defects, characteristic radiomorphologic changes were found which correlated well with MR images. Following intravenous Gadolinium-DTPA injection, fibrous metaphyseal defects invariably exhibited a hyperintense border and signal enhancement. Healed lesions exhibited a transition to normal bone marrow. A line through the maximum longitudinal diameter of a fibrous metaphyseal defect invariably led to a point of tendinous or ligamentous insertion. Coronal MR images demonstrated the maximum longitudinal extension and the respective inserting tendon or ligamentous structure at the epiphyseal line.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00361201
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Magnetic resonance imaging: Comparison of four pulse sequences in assessing primary bone tumours (1989)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 18 (1989), S. 439-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Schlagwort(e): Magnetic resonance imaging ; Pulse sequences ; Primary bone tumour
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract A prospective magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study was carried out in 13 patients (19 examinations) with primary bone tumours to assess the relative value of each of four pulse sequences in showing the extent and nature of the lesion. The four pulse sequences used were a T1-weighted spin-echo (SE544/44), a T2-weighted spin echo (SE1500/80), a short TI inversion recovery (STIR) (IR500/100/44), and a partial saturation (PS) (PS500/22) with field echo data collection. For soft tissue disease the combination of PS and STIR gave better definition of the boundary of the tumour than the more conventional T1 and T2-weighted spin echo sequences. For the demonstration of bone cortex, periosteal change and calcification, T1 and T2-weighted spin echo sequences were better. However, for calcified tissues, plain radiographs were better than either MRI combination. On the assumption that plain films will be available in all cases, PS and STIR sequences could therefore be substituted for T1 and T2-weighted spin echo sequences allowing an increase in soft tissue detectability for lesions in both red and yellow marrow.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00368612
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Disc degeneration in scheuermann disease (1989)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 18 (1989), S. 523-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Schlagwort(e): Spine ; Scheuermann disease ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Disc degeneration
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Comparison of the radiographic signs of Scheuermann disease and the corresponding disc degeneration on thoracolumbar magnetic resonance (MR) images was made in 21 young patients. Marginal sclerosis, Schmorl nodes and narrowed disc spaces, but not irregular or wedge-shaped end-plates, were significantly associated with disc degeneration. Fifty-five percent of the discs in the patients with Scheuermann disease were abnormal on MRI, compared with 10% in asymptomatic controls. Our study confirms that thoracolumbar disc degeneration is enhanced in 20-year-old patients with low back pain who have radiological evidence of Scheuermann disease.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00351753
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Magnetic resonance demonstration of hyperintense herniated discs and extruded disc fragments (1989)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 18 (1989), S. 527-530 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Schlagwort(e): Disc ; Disc disease ; Disc extrusion ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is useful in evaluating a variety of spinal pathologies including intervertebral disc disease. Herniated discs are commonly believed to undergo premature degeneration and produce low intensity signal on T2-weighted images. We reviewed 154 patients who were studied for disc herniations or other pathology. Fifty-nine (38%) had disc herniations and 7 of these (5%) had a fragment that was hyperintense with respect to the adjacent intervertebral disc on T2-weighted images. It is hypothesized that some disc fragments may contain a higher water content that causes prolongation of the T2 signal. The bright signal which is therefore seen on long TR long TE (T2-weighted) images may be a useful sign suggesting herniation or extrusion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00351754
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Low field (0.02 T) magnetic resonance imaging of bone and soft tissue tumors (1989)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 18 (1989), S. 585-590 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Schlagwort(e): Soft tissue tumors ; Bone tumors ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Low field strength
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Extremely low field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was evaluated in 16 patients with bone and soft tissue tumors, both benign and malignant. Twelve of the lesions were located in the lower extremity, 2 in the gluteal and 2 in the shoulder region. The findings were compared to the results of computed tomography (CT). Low signal-to-noise ratio and poor spatial resolution result in an image quality which is inferior to that obtained with MR imaging at higher field strengths. In spite of this, the diagnostic information seems to be at least comparable to that obtained from CT.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00355333
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gadolinium-DTPA in rheumatoid arthritis and related diseases: first results with dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (1989)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 18 (1989), S. 591-597 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Schlagwort(e): Magnetic resonance imaging ; Gadolinium-DTPA ; Rheumatoid arthritis ; Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Thirty-four joints (19 knees, 15 wrists) of 31 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and related disorders were examined prior to and following intravenous administration of Gadolinium-DTPA (0.1 mmol/kg body weight). T1-weighted spin-echo sequences and the gradient-echo technique FLASH were applied. FLASH scanning was used for the registration of the time-dependent changes of signal intensity following Gd-DTPA. Synovial proliferations exhibited a rapid and marked increase of signal intensity whereas fatty tissue, bone marrow, muscle and synovial effusion demonstrated only minor changes, causing enhanced contrast between synovial pannus and joint effusion or other neighbouring structures. Within the synovial pannus, ratios (absolute signal increase) of 131.3±53.4% and 122.9±51.1% were found in T1-weighted spin-echo and in FLASH sequences respectively. The average signal increase gradient of pannus (108.2±70.6%/min) was significantly (p〈0.001) different from muscle (13.4±7.8%/min), fatty tissue (10.2±8.4%/min), bone marrow (5.5±7.1%/min), and joint effusion (14.7±7.8%/min).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00355334
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gd-DTPA-enhanced MR in thoracic disc herniations (1989)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 31 (1989), S. 75-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Thoracic disc herniation ; Spine, intervertebral discs ; Spine, MR studies ; Spinal cord, compression ; Contrast media ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The Gd-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance findings in two patients with herniated thoracic intervertebral discs are reported. The first patient was a 56-year-old woman with a small subligamentous T6-7 disc herniation, slightly lateralized to the right. The second patient was a 51-year-old man with a central and right posterolateral disc herniation, including a large calcified fragment, at the T8-9 level. The nonenhanced MR examination revealed the presence of an extradural mass lesion in both patients, impinging upon the dural sac and compressing and displacing the spinal cord posteriorly. The lesion was slightly hypointense on both T1- and T2-weighted spin echo sequences. Following intravenous injection of Gd-DTPA in a dosage of 0.1 mmol/kg body weight, enhancement of the posterior longitudinal ligament was noted and triangular areas of contrast uptake were seen to occur in the epidural space above and below the herniated disc. At surgery, they were found to correspond to dilated and congested epidural veins.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00342035
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    MRI in Cockayne syndrome type I (1989)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 31 (1989), S. 276-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Cockayne syndrome ; White matter ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary MRI findings are reported from two patients with Cockayne syndrome (CS) type I, aged 11 and 37 years. Changes were compatible with diffuse white matter hypomyelination. Basal ganglia calcification was present in both, marked cerebellar atrophy in the older patient. MRI may support the diagnosis of CS in the appropriate clinical context. The view that CS is a dysmyelinating disorder is further substantiated.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00344359
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pituitary microadenomas (1989)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 31 (1989), S. 293-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Pituitary microadenoma ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Computed tomography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Ten patients with biochemical evidence of a hormonally active pituitary adenoma were examined by dynamic contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) and then by pre and post Gadolinium-DTPA (Gd-DTPA) enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Excluding one false positive case, CT and unenhanced MRI were comparable in the detection of microadenoma. Post Gd-DTPA examination gave more clear evidence of the actual adenoma in two patients and aided in the demonstration of a third. However, in two others all imaging techniques failed to demonstrate the microadenoma subsequently found at surgery. On the post enhancement MRI it was easier to assess the relationship of a tumour to the cavernous sinus and to visualise the relationships of the parasellar carotid arteries.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00344169
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cerebral vascular malformations: applications of magentic resonance imaging to differential diagnosis (1989)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 31 (1989), S. 320-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Brain ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Cavernous angioma ; Arteriovenous malformation ; (AVM) ; Venous angioma
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Twelve patients with cerebral vascular malformations (5 cavernous angiomas, 1 thrombosed arteriovenous malformation, and 6 venous angiomas) were studied with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. All lesions were clearly depicted. Characteristic MR findings were obtained mainly on T2-weighted images: a markedly low intensity area was always seen. The margins of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and venous angioma were irregular while those of cavernous angioma were smooth in all planes on T2-weighted images. Gradient-echo (GrE) pulse sequences were more sensitive than T2-weighted spin echo (SE) in lesion detection. MR imaging could play an important role in the differential diagnosis of cerebral vascular malformations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00344175
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Lesions of the brain stem: assessment by magnetic resonance imaging (1989)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 31 (1989), S. 129-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography ; Brain stem tumour ; Brain stem haemorrhage ; Brain stem infarction
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Ninety-six magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies demonstrating solitary brain stem lesions were reviewed in order to establish distinguishing features between tumours and other lesions. Histological confirmation of the radiological diagnoses was obtained in 33% of patients. The morphology of the lesion rather than its signal characteristics was the most useful feature in differential diagnosis, except after haemorrhage. However, areas of abnormal T2 recovery time were significantly more extensive than areas of abnormal T1 recovery time in tumours at presentation. In other lesions and in tumours following radiotherapy induced regression, the extent of abnormal T1 and T2 signal was the same. Possible reasons for this observation are discussed. The accuracy of computed tomography (CT) and MRI were similar for lesions causing brain stem expansion but for small lesions MRI was more sensitive and provided better topographical information.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00698839
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Symptomatic spinal epidural lipomatosis without exogenous steroid intake (1989)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 31 (1989), S. 190-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Epidural lipomatosis ; Lumbar myelography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Epidural lipomatosis may be unassociated with steroid use and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of lumbar radiculopathy. This may cause widening of the spinal canal on plain film and complete block on myelography. CT or MRI is diagnostic.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00698854
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Magnetic resonance imaging and angiography of the brain in embolic left atrial myxoma (1989)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 31 (1989), S. 137-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Magnetic resonance imaging ; Cerebral angiography ; Atrial myxoma
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A case of left atrial myxoma presenting exclusively with neurological symptoms, studied with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with cerebral angiography and computed tomography (CT) is reported. Typical angiographic findings suggested the diagnosis of myxoma. MRI showed multiple ischemic lesions disseminated throughout the entire brain, some of which had been clinically asymptomatic. Because of its sensitivity in identifying small cerebral infarcts, MRI should prove in the future to be a first-choice technique in the evaluation of the presence of and extent of cerebral involvement in embolic left atrial myxoma.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00698841
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Short TR, variable flip angle, gradient echo scans of the cervical spine: comparison of 2DFT and 3DFT techniques (1989)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 31 (1989), S. 213-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Magnetic resonance imaging ; Spine ; 3DFT ; Gradient echo
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A prospective study of 16 patients was performed to compare quantitatively a contiguous single slice 2DFT version with a 3DFT version of a short TR, variable flip angle, gradient echo (GRASS) pulse sequence. The 3DFT GRASS scans had higher signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) of cord and CSF compared to the single slice 2DFT GRASS scans. The 3DFT GRASS scans, however, had lower CSF-cord and CSF-disc contrast than the single slice 2DFT version. The 3DFT GRASS sequence demonstrated comparable contrast only on the end slices of an imaging volume suggesting influence of an entry phenomenon. The lower CSF-cord and CSF-disc contrast of the 3DFT GRASS technique diminished its usefulness in the diagnosis of cervical disc disease compared to the single slice 2DFT GRASS technique. Two different slice thicknesses (3 mm and 5 mm) were investigated with the 2DFT GRASS technique and found to be comparable although the 3 mm scans had sharper disc and dural margins because of less partial volume artifact.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00344345
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    MRI in cervical disk herniation (1989)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 31 (1989), S. 382-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Cervical spine ; Disk herniation ; Myelography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Eleven operated herniated disks in 10 patients were evaluated preoperatively with plain films, myelography and magnetic resonance imaging. Plain X-ray was a valuable supplement to MRI for studying the bony changes. Myelography showed 7 of 11 herniated disks while MRI gave correct diagnosis in all. It is concluded that MRI can replace myelography and computerized tomography in the preoperative evaluation of cervical herniated disk. The other examinations may be supplementary in some cases.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343860
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Large asymptomatic noncolloid neuroepithelial cysts in the lateral ventricle: CT and MR features (1989)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 31 (1989), S. 98-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Brain cysts ; Anomalies, congenital ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Two cases of large asymptomatic cysts of the lateral ventricle are presented. The cyst walls or cyst contours were demonstrated well by proton density-weighted or T2-weighted spin echo images. These cysts are being detected as incidental findings in increasing frequency with the increasing use of MR imaging. Our data and review of the literature suggest that surgical intervention is not necessarily warranted, but that careful clinical evaluation is indicated. The diagnostic problem of intraventricular cysts is also discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00342042
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Rare case of a primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the brain (1989)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 31 (1989), S. 177-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Malignant fibrous histiocytoma ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A rare case of primary MFH of the brain is described together with the CT and MRI findings. The radiological appearance of this tumor is discussed in conjunction with the material published in other case reports.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00698850
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Brain stem type neuro-Behçet's syndrome (1989)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 31 (1989), S. 258-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Neuro-Behçet's syndrome ; Behçet's syndrome ; Brain stem type neuro-Behçet's syndrome ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Brain stem type neuro-Behçet's syndrome was studied with enhanced CT and MRI during the acute and chronic stage of the illness. During the acute stage, brain CT revealed a low density lesion in the brain stem extending from the lower pons up to the midbrain ventrolaterally with marginal enhancement effect. T2-weighted image showed a high signal intensity lesion in the brain stem which mainly involved the basis ponti, tegmentum, tectum and cerebral peduncle. During the chronic stage, the lesion became low in signal intensity with T2-weighted image and reduced in its size without enhancement in brain CT. The prolonged relaxation time of the lesions was gradually normalized with steroid treatment. Sequential brain CT with enhancement and MRI study with T1- and T2-weighted images were useful to detect the lesions and to evaluate the activity in the neuro-Behçet's syndrome.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00344355
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    MR imaging of intracranial vertebral artery occlusion (1989)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 31 (1989), S. 403-407 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Vertebral artery ; Basilar artery ; Arterial occlusion ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Magnetic resonance (MR) images of nine patients with intracranial vertebral artery occlusion (five proved, four presumed) have been reviewed. In two of nine, both vertebral arteries were occluded and in five of the nine, the basilar artery was also blocked. All occluded arteries showed absence of flow void and were clearly demonstrated as mildly hypo-∼mildly hyperintense structures to brainstem parenchyma on the T1-weighted images. In two of five patients with basilar artery occlusion, retrograde filling of the distal basilar artery was detected. Thus, MR imaging, in particular the T1-weighted image, is a pertinent diagnostic modality for evaluating intracranial vertebral artery occlusion. Angiography does not seem to be required for confirmation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343864
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Amnesia due to bilateral hippocampal glioblastoma (1989)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 31 (1989), S. 430-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Amnesia ; Glioblastoma ; Hippocampal formation ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The authors report a unique case of glioblastoma which caused permanent amnesia. Magnetic resonance imaging showed the lesion to be limited to the hippocampal formation bilaterally. Although glioblastoma extends frequently into fiber pathways and expands into the opposite cerebral hemisphere, making a “butterfly” lesion, it is unusual for it to invade the limbic system selectively to this extent.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343869
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Osteonecrosis of vertebrae in a child with acute lymphocytic leukaemia duringl-asparaginase therapy (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 149 (1989), S. 162-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Schlagwort(e): Antithrombin III ; l-Asparaginase ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Osteonecrosis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We report a child with acute lymphocytic leukaemia who developed simultaneous osteonecrosis of vertebrae and cerebral thrombosis duringl-asparaginase therapy. Fibrinogen, antithrombin III and plasminogen were decreased. Fresh frozen plasma in addition to antithrombin III concentrates were used to replenish these haemostatic proteins.l-asparaginase induced coagulopathy may cause osteonecrosis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01958270
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain stem (1989)
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 11 (1989), S. 155-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Schlagwort(e): Brain stem ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Anatomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé A partir d'une exploration IRM de la fosse postérieure de 30 sujets volontaires sains une corrélation anatomoradiologique a été effectuée. L'examen fut pratiqué sur un appareil CGR Magniscan de 0,5 Tesla avec une séquence d'inversion récupération (TI: 21 ms, Tr. 2 000 ms, Ti: 500 ms). Cette séquence nous paraît être celle qui visualise le mieux la substance grise, la substance blanche et le liquide cérébrospinal. Afin d'étudier la configuration des principales structures du tronc cérébral 8 plans de coupes horizontales et 3 sagittales sont proposés.
    Notizen: Summary Magnetic resonance imaging of 30 normal volunteers' posterior fossae was performed on a CGR Magniscan machine with a magnetic field strength of 0,5 Tesla. We chose the inversion recovery signal with a Tr of 2,000 ms, a TE of 21 ms and an inverse time of 500 ms. This sequence gives a better definition of the grey matter, the white matter and the CSF. To study the brain stem we suggest 8 horizontal and 3 sagittal sections.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02096474
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  • 23
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Case report: MRI of splenic hemangioma associated with thrombocytopenia (1989)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 14 (1989), S. 308-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Schlagwort(e): Hemangioma, spleen ; Thrombocytopenia ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract In contrast to the only previously published description, the magnetic resonance appearance of a splenic hemangioma was markedly heterogeneous on T2-weighted images due to extensive infarction and large vascular pools. Magnetic resonance images correlated precisely with the pathological findings. The hemangioma caused thrombocytopenia, a well-documented albeit rare hematologic phenomenon associated with visceral hemangioma.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01889224
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Course of cerebral lesions in a patient with periarteritis nodosa studied by magnetic resonance imaging (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 67 (1989), S. 398-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Schlagwort(e): Periarteritis nodosa ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Cerebral lesions
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The course is reported of a patient with periarteritis nodosa who initially presented with neurological symptoms. Multiple cerebral lesions were documented by the first magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) investigation. The majority of these had disappeared completely in the follow-up MRI studies. In contrast to neurological improvement the patient eventually died due to multiorgan failure. Postmortem histological examination revealed no pathological findings in the brain except one single necrotic area already known from MRI. Remissions of histological and angiographic alterations in periarteritis nodosa have been described as “local healing” leading to fibrosis and scarring. Our findings suggest that restitutio ad integrum may occur, at least in cerebral lesions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01711268
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Reversible bilateral thalamic lesions caused by primary internal cerebral vein thrombosis: a case report (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 236 (1989), S. 484-486 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Sinus thrombosis ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Thalamus
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The case is reported of a patient with primary thrombosis of the internal cerebral veins who presented initially with unilateral and later developed bilateral thalamic lesions revealed by computed tomography. Magnetic resonance imaging and angiography confirmed the diagnosis. Upon anti-coagulation the patient recovered nearly completely.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00328513
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    MRI study of Baló's concentric sclerosis before and after immunosuppressive therapy (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 236 (1989), S. 487-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Baló's concentric sclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Oligoclonal CSF IgG banding
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary An intra vitam diagnosis of Baló's concentric sclerosis in a 39-year-old male is described. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of ante-mortem diagnosis based solely on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. MRI showed features unique to this process. After high-dose intravenous therapy with prednisone, the clinical symptoms improved, and MRI showed marked changes of the concentric lesions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00328514
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Correlation between multimodal evoked potentials and magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 236 (1989), S. 4-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Multiple sclerosis ; Diagnosis ; Electrophysiological tests ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Sixty multiple sclerosis (MS) patients (33 definite, 13 probale and 14 suspected were investigated by computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), multimodality evoked potentials (EPs) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) electrophoresis. MRI abnormalities were found in 50 cases, while at least one abnormal evoked potential was detected in each of 52 cases. Brain-stem auditory evoked potentials were more sensitive than MRI for the detection of brainstem involvement. All the patients with oligoclonal bands had abnormal MRI and none of the patients with normal MRI had oligoclonal bands in the CSF. The number and the extent of MRI lesions were significantly correlated with the duration of disease and with the degree of disability. Our observations stress the importance of the combined use of MRI and EPs in detecting silent CNS lesions in MS patients.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314209
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    MRI findings of inferior olives in palatal myoclonus (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 236 (1989), S. 115-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Palatal myoclonus ; Inferior olive ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Pseudohypertrophy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Four patients with palatal myoclonus (PM) were studied with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Increased signal intensity and bilateral enlargement of the inferior olives were recognized in two patients with bilateral PM, pontine haemorrhage and neuro-Behçet disease, and a similar olivary change on the contralateral side was noted in a case of pontine infarction with unilateral PM. These findings were consistent with the pathology. The changes were more obvious in proton density-weighted images than in T2-weighted images, which thus differ from the changes in common gliosis. The other patient with the syndrome of PM and progressive ataxia did not show any olivary change. These changes on MRI are considered to indicate pseudo-hypertrophy of the inferior olives, although this is not consistently shown by the imaging method.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314408
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Japanese encephalitis in the Kurume region of Japan: CT and MRI findings (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 236 (1989), S. 255-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Japanese B encephalitis ; X-ray computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Geriatrics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Neurological, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were recorded from 13 patients with Japanese encephalitis (JE) in the Kurume region diagnosed by serological criteria. The patients averaged 63 years of age, and 5 were older than 70 years. The serological data mostly indicated a primary response. Hemiplegia and tetraplegia were common, together with extrapyramidal signs. A few cases had a stroke-like onset and cerebral haemorrhage during the course of JE. CT and MRI in 7 cases revealed abnormalities in the thalamus and basal ganglia including the putamen. The CT and MRI findings from the acute stage to the convalescent stage were considered to be characteristic of JE.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314452
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  • 30
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Carbon monoxide poisoning: clinical, neurophysiological, and brain imaging observations in acute disease and follow-up (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 236 (1989), S. 478-481 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Carbon monoxide poisoning ; Midbrain syndrome ; Visual evoked potentials ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Five patients (aged 19–52 years) were treated for a midbrain syndrome due to acute carbon monoxide poisoning and had clinical follow-up investigations for up to 18 months. Three patients recovered with minor neurological and neuropsychological deficits and resumed their premorbid life-style. One patient had normal findings, while the fifth remained in a permanent vegetative state. Initial CT of the brain may fail to detect low-density lesions in the globus pallidus. If present, these lesions may either have disappeared, diminished, or remained unchanged at follow-up. Long-term outcome seems to show a closer link to white matter changes, which are at present best investigated by magnetic resonance imaging. The additional value of determining visual evoked responses at repeated follow-up is suggested by the present investigation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00328511
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  • 31
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Radiological studies of the cheiro-oral syndrome (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 236 (1989), S. 177-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Cheiro-oral syndrome ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography ; Central gyrus ; Thalamus-Brain stem
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Four cases of the cheiro-oral syndrome are reported, with a review of the clinical symptoms and signs and the neuroradiological methods used to demonstrate the responsible lesion. In each case, angiography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed. The lesion was found in the thalamus in three cases and in the pons in one. Infarction had occurred in three cases and haemorrhage in one. Angiography revealed normal findings in all cases. CT at the onset of the symptoms demonstrated a small haemorrhage in the thalamus in one case but was not helpful in the others, and MRI was required to identify infarction. The anatomical sites responsible for the cheirooral syndrome have been reported to be in the central gyrus, in the thalamus, and in the brain stem. The clinical symptoms and signs reported in the literature and in our four cases are reviewed to evaluate aetiological factors and clinical features according to the three different sites of lesions causing this syndrome.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314338
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    CT, MRI and SPECT neuroimaging in status epilepticus with simple partial and complex partial seizures: case report (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 236 (1989), S. 296-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Status epilepticus ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Single-photon emission computed tomography ; Cerebral oedema
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A 35-year-old female patient suffering from epilepsy was examined during status epilepticus with simple partial and complex partial seizures by means of EEG, CT, MRI and ictal SPECT. All these examinations showed focal abnormalities with identical location due to oedema and hypervascularisation; these were, however, absent during examinations carried out before and after status epilepticus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314460
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cavernous angioma of the optic tract (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 236 (1989), S. 117-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Cavernous angioma ; Optic tract ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A cavernous angioma of the right optic tract in a 35-year-old man is presented. The patient suffered from headaches and had a left homonymous visual field defect after subarachnoid haemorrhage and an intracerebral haematoma in the right temporomedial region, revealed by computed tomography (CT). Follow-up CT showed a small contrast-enhanced lesion in the right suprasellar and parasellar cistern. Angiography on three occasions did not reveal a vascular lesion. Magnetic resonance imaging was helpful both for diagnosis and planning surgical therapy. It showed typical signs of a cavernous angioma of the right optic tract; the diagnosis was confirmed by surgery and histological examination. This appears to be the first reported case of a cavernous angioma of the optic tract.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314409
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  • 34
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Focal cranial nerve involvement in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: clinical and MRI evidence of peripheral and central lesions (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 236 (1989), S. 400-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy ; Cranial nerve lesions ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Nerve biopsy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Five cases of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy are described in which cranial nerve involvement accompanied a more generalized neuropathy. Clinical, electrophysiological, radiological and nerve biopsy findings are presented. Cranial nerve lesions in this form of polyneuropathy may be related to lesions of the peripheral nerves or of the central nervous system, when they may be accompanied by MRI evidence of more widespread CNS demyelinating lesions. In cases of early onset, the occurrence of focal cranial nerve lesions may serve to distinguish chronic inflammatory from inherited demyelinating polyneuropathies.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314898
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  • 35
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Significance of MRI-confirmed atrophy of the cranial spinal cord in Friedreich's ataxia (1989)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 238 (1989), S. 225-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Schlagwort(e): Magnetic resonance imaging ; Friedreich's ataxia ; Spinal cord atrophy ; MRI evaluation of the brain stem
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The severity of Friedreich's ataxia was graded in ten patients by clinical examination and in five by use of posturography. These data were compared with neuroradiology findings. CT-confirmed infratentorial atrophy occured only in advanced cases of Friedreich's ataxia; the correlation with the clinical score was poor. On mid-sagittal MRI planes the diameters of fourth ventricle, brain stem at the level of the inferior olive and spinal cord at the levels of the foramen magnum and C3 were measured. Patients with Friedreich's ataxia had significant MRI-confirmed atrophy of the cranial spinal cord as compared with a normal, age-matched control group. This was also observed in patients with Friedreich's ataxia in the early stages. A reliable correlation between atrophy of the cranial spinal cord and the clinical score, however, could again not be found. MRI exploration of the cranial spinal cord may be recommended as an additional diagnostic marker in Friedreich's ataxia.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00381470
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  • 36
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Bone marrow investigation with technetium-99m microcolloid and magnetic resonance imaging in patients with malignant myelolympho-proliferative diseases (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 15 (1989), S. 230-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Schlagwort(e): Bone marrow diseases ; Radionuclide imaging ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Lymphoma ; Plasmacytoma
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract In 63 patients with primary extramedullary malignant lymphoma or plasmacytoma, a study was performed in order to evaluate bone marrow involvement. All patients underwent a 99mTc microcolloid bone marrow whole body imaging (scintigraphy), using a gamma camera interfaced with a computer, followed by nuclear magnetic resonance bone marrow imaging (MRI), (1.5 Tesla). MR images were made of the lumbosacral region, the pelvic region, both femoral and other parts of the skeleton, according to focal lesions in the scintigraphy. A posterior iliac crest bone marrow biopsy was used as a standard reference. In the present study, both scintigraphy and MRI showed a dissiminated or focal involvement or a combination of both. In 53 of the 63 patients (84%) the results were in accordance. Pathological MR signals or pathological findings in scintigraphy did not always correspond to tumorous bone marrow involvement, and were shown to reflect reactive changes in the central part of the skeleton in combination with a periphery radionuclide extention interpreted as a periphery compensatory hematopoetic proliferation. The negative predictive value of scintigraphy and MRI was 92% and 100%, respectively. When combining the results of both examinations, the positive predictive value increased from 49% to 58%, if the bone marrow biopsy is accepted as gold standard. The results indicate that bone marrow investigation performed simultaneously using scintigraphy and MRI is superior both to the use of either of the methods alone and to the traditional iliac crest bone marrow biopsy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00257539
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  • 37
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Peripheral nerve stimulation by induced electric currents: Exposure to time-varying magnetic fields (1989)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 27 (1989), S. 101-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Schlagwort(e): Electric shock ; Electrical safety ; Electrical stimulation ; Magnetic field exposure ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Neural excitation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The review evaluates thresholds of peripheral nerve stimulation by complex current waveforms. A neuroelectric model employing Frankenhaeuser-Huxley membrane nonlinearities is used to derive excitation thresholds for monophasic and biphasic pulse sequences, as well as sinusoidal stimuli. The model, along with principles of magnetic field induction, is used to derive criteria of acceptability for exposure to time-varying magnetic fields. Applications to pulsed gradient fields from magnetic resonance imaging devices are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02446217
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  • 38
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Materials science in space. L. Regel, Halsted Press, New York, 1987, 244 pp., $34.95 (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 875-876 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350528
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  • 39
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chemical process control - CPCIII. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Chemical Process Control, Asilomer, Jan., 1986, ed., M. Morari, and T. J. McAvoy, Elsevier, 1986, 932 pp., $153.25 (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 876-876 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350531
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  • 40
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An atlas of functions. J. Spanier, and K. B. Oldham, Hemisphere Publishing, New York, 1987, 712 pp., $149.50 (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 877-877 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350537
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  • 41
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Properties of inorganic and organic fluids. CINDAS data series on material properties. Vol. V-1, P. E. Liley, T. Makita, and Y. Tanaka, Hemisphere Publishing, New York, 1988, 307 pp., $80.00 (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 877-877 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350541
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  • 42
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Flash points of organic and organometallic compounds. R. M. Stephenson, Elsevier, New York, 1987, 295 pp., $69.00 (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 877-877 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350542
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  • 43
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Porosity distributions in a fluidized bed with an immersed obstacle (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 908-922 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Erosion in bubbling fluidized-bed combustors is a serious issue that may affect their reliability and economics. Available evidence suggests that the key to understanding this erosion is detailed knowledge of the coupled and complex phenomena of solids circulation and bubble motion. A thin transparent “two-dimensional” rectangular fluidized bed with an obstacle served as a rough model for a fluidized-bed combustor. This model was studied experimentally and computationally using two hydrodynamic equation sets. The computed hydrodynamic results agree reasonably well with experimental data. Bubble frequencies and sizes compare well with those obtained from analyzing a high-speed motion picture frame-by-frame. Time-averaged porosities computed from both models agree with time-averaged porosity distributions measured with a gamma-ray densitometer. The principal diferences between the data and the computations in this paper are due to asymmetries present in the experiment and to the simplified solids rheology used in the hydrodynamic models.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350604
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  • 44
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Absorbed solution theory models for multicomponent adsorption equilibria (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 959-966 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A new approach is developed for applying ideal and real adsorbed solution theory models to the description of multicomponent adsorption equilibria at fixed pressure. This allows ignoring single-component behavior in the Henry's law region, P → O, but introduces new parameters that must be evaluated from binary equilibrium data. Comparisons with various sets of experimental data show that the new approach gives results as good as the classical one, but without requiring knowledge of the single component behavior in the Henry's law region; more over, it removes the sensitivity to the type of model adopted in fitting single-component equilibrium data.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350609
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  • 45
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Role of porosity loss in limiting SO2 capture by calcium based sorbents (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 988-994 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The extent of high temperature (900-1,300°C), short time (〈1 s) SO2 capture was found to be limited by temperature-dependent losses in the porosity of calcium based sorbents. At 970°C these porosity losses were caused by CO2-activated sintering. Sulfation of the sorbents either prevented or reduced the extent of porosity losses. Differences in SO2 capture between hydroxides from different commercial sources, and significantly lower levels of capture by calcium carbonates compared to hydroxides were attributed to differences in particle size and the degree of porosity loss.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350612
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  • 46
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dynamics and control of quasirational systems (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1017-1028 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Systems having transfer functions of the form \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ G_P (s) = \frac{{P_1 (s) - P_2 (s)e^{ - t_d s} }}{{Q(s)}}, $$\end{document} where P1(s), P2(s) and Q(s) are polynomials, are called quasirational distributed systems (QRDS). They are encountered in processes modeled by hyperbolic partial differential equations. QRDS can have an infinity of right half-plane zeros which causes large phase lags and can result in poor performance of the closed-loop system with PID controllers. Theory on the asymptotic location of zeros of quasipolynomials is used to predict the nonminimum phase characteristics of QRDS and formulas are presented for factoring QRDS models into minimum and non-minimum phase elements.A generalized Smith predictor controller design procedure for QRDS, based on this factorization, is derived. It uses pole placement to obtain a controller parameterization that introduces free poles which are selected to satisfy robustness specifications. The use of pole placement allows for the design of robust control systems in a transparent manner. Controller selection is generally better, simpler and more direct with this procedure than searching for optimal PID controller settings.
    Zusätzliches Material: 15 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350615
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  • 47
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Heat and mass transfer during the dissociation of hydrates in porous media (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1049-1052 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350620
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  • 48
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    From CA to CAS online. By Hedda Schulz, Translated by Elizabeth Mole, VCH Publishers, 1988, 227 pp (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1053-1053 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350623
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  • 49
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Adjustable solute distribution between polymers and supercritical fluids (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1097-1106 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The sorption of toluene, dilute in CO2, and likewise the distribution coefficient of toluene between silicone rubber and CO2 have been explored from gaseous to supercritical fluid conditions. Sorption and desorption isotherms were determined by frontal analysis using a new inverse supercritical fluid chromatography technique at 35 and 70°C up to 250 bar. Complementary swelling data are presented for pure CO2 in silicone rubber up to 315 bar. A new result is that the sorption of toluene goes through a maximum and is highly adjustable over a continuum in the highly compressible region of carbon dioxide. This behavior is explained physically and predicted quantitatively with the Flory equation and the Peng-Robinson equation of state using only information from binary systems. These results are useful for a wide variety of applications including impregnation of polymers with pharmaceuticals, fragrances and other additives, and polymer purification.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350705
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  • 50
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pellet-model effects on simulation models for fixed-bed desulfurization reactors (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1137-1147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Detailed mathematical models, pore or grain based, describing diffusion, reaction, and pore structure evolution in pellets of porous solids are used to simulate, along with a macroscopic reactor design model, the transient phenomena that take place during desulfurization of coal gas in fixed-bed reactors of pellets of metal oxide sorbents. Our computer simulation results show that the form of the pore- or grain-size distribution strongly influences the predictions of the overall reactor design model.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350709
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  • 51
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    High-temperature adsorption of alkali vapors on solid sorbents (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1186-1194 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Vapors of alkali metal compounds can be removed from coal combustion and gasification flue gases using high-temperature aluminosilicate sorbents. The fundamentals of alkali adsorption on kaolinite, bauxite, and emathlite are compared and analyzed both experimentally and through theoretical modeling. The results show that the process is not a simple physical condensation, but a complex combination of diffusion and reaction. The kinetics of adsorption on these sorbents have similarities: the process is diffusion-influenced, the rate decreases with time, and there is a final saturation limit. There are, however, differences in reaction mechanisms leading to potentially different applications for each sorbent. In adsorbing alkali chloride vapors, kaolinite and emathlite release all the chlorine back to the gas phase while bauxite retains some of the chlorine. Moreover, the products of reaction with emathlite have a melting point significantly lower than those for kaolinite and bauxite. Therefore, emathlite is more suitable for lower-temperature sorption systems downstream of the combustors/gasifiers, while kaolinite and bauxite are suitable as in-situ additives.
    Zusätzliches Material: 17 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350714
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  • 52
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Unusual behavior of a pollution abatement system: SO2 capture by red ochre (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1203-1206 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350717
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  • 53
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Errata (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1210-1210 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350719
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  • 54
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Axial turbulent diffusion in fluid between rotating coaxial cylinders (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1211-1214 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350720
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  • 55
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Porosity effects in hydrogen reduction of iron oxides (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1245-1252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The rates of reduction of hematite to magnetite and of magnetite to iron in hydrogen / nitrogen / water vapor atmospheres were each studied with respect to variation in temperature, gas composition, and solid pore structure. It is shown that at temperatures below 350°C, the reactions are under chemical kinetic control, and diffusional limitations are negligible. The activation energies for the reduction of hematite to magnetite and of magnetite to iron were found to be 185 kJ / mol and 76.6 k J / mol, respectively. Both reactions exhibit first-order behavior for hydrogen partial pressures less than 76 kPa. The conversion and rate data for each reaction were interpreted in terms of the random pore model of Bhatia and Perlmutter (1980), which takes into account the detailed pore structure of the starting material as well as the changes that occur as the reaction proceeds. The model predictions of conversion with time agree with the measured data to within 2%, and the rate vs. conversion predictions agree to within 5%.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350803
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  • 56
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A macroscopic model for countercurrent gas-liquid flow in packed columns (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1282-1292 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A macroscopic model based on the volume-averaged equations of motion is presented for countercurrent gas-liquid flow in a packed bed. The model yields a column-limited flooding point as the loss of existence of uniform states. It correctly predicts the existence of two uniform states below the flooding point. The lower branch corresponds to the trends commonly observed experimentally. It is shown that the upper branch is made unattainable by the gas distributor/support plate at the bottom of the column. The occurrence of premature flooding induced by the support plate is also explained. It is suggested that the occurrence of spontaneous liquid segregation, necessitating frequent liquid redistribution in columns with large dumped packings and porosities, is a consequence of the loss of stability of the uniform state in the lower branch.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350807
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  • 57
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Partial internal wetting of catalyst particles with a distribution of pore size (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1337-1345 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The recent model of partial internal wetting of catalyst particles (Bhatia, 1988) is extended to allow for pore-size distribution, multicomponent diffusion, and nonlinear kinetics for spherical particles exposed to condensible vapor undergoing an exothermic reaction. Profiles of liqid filling of the pores are computed, and the influence on mass transfer and effectiveness factor is determined. Under certain circumstances, the effectiveness factor has a maximum with respect to the mole fraction of condensible component suggesting an optimum vapor-phase composition. As the bulk vapor approaches saturation the effectiveness factor and particle temperature can drop sharply because of precipitious increase in liquid filling. However, a significant fraction of the pore space is still dry in contradiction to prior models assuming complete internal wetting of catalyst particles. The new model is more realistic than earlier attempts and lays the framework for proper representation of the physical phenomena involved.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350812
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  • 58
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Wave height estimation in stratified gas-liquid flows (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1346-1350 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Andritsos and Hanratty (1978b) have shown that the increase in interfacial drag caused by waves in stratified gas-liquid flows is related to the wave steepness. Recent analyses of finite amplitude Kelvin-Helmholtz waves are used to develop a correlation for the ratio of the wave height to wavelength.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350813
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  • 59
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Solid flow in the annular region of a spouted bed (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1328-1336 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The solid circulation in the annular region of a 0.146 and a 0.292 m ID semicylindrical and cylindrical air spouted beds was investigated for different spouting conditions. Stroboscopic photography, stopwatch and fiber optic methods were used to measure the vertical particle velocities in the annular region. The optical fiber probe enabled the measurement of particle velocities inside the dense annular phase and was validated at the walls. Velocity profiles in half beds were very different from those found in full beds. The work was then limited to full beds. Experimental results show that the solids flow is characterized by a point sink at the nozzle entrance with the solids moving almost in plug flow higher in the bed. There is negligible entrainment of solids along the spout wall and slow, thin wall layers are observed near the walls and spout. The velocity profiles are independent of the total height of the bed. A kinematic model successfully describes the observed velocity field.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350811
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  • 60
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dynamic analysis of viscous flow and diffusion in porous solids (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1370-1375 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350816
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  • 61
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Errata (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1398-1398 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350822
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  • 62
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350901
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  • 63
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Periodic operation of a trickle-bed reactor (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1437-1444 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The influence of periodic water flow on SO2 oxidation in a trickle bed of activated carbon catalyst was investigated, whereby gaseous reactants were introduced into the trickle-bed reactor continuously, but water was turned on and off. Mean liquid superficial velocities of 0.86 and 1.65 mm/s were used. At the latter, an increase in the oxidation rate of about 30 to 45% was found within a range of cycle periods from 2 to 80 min. A temperature change of up to 7°C was observed in the bed during periodic operation. An explanation of the improved average oxidation rate under periodic operation is developed in terms of the steady-state rates with and without water flow for symmetrical and asymmetrical cycles.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350904
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  • 64
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dispersion and diffusion influences on yield in complex reaction networks (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1509-1520 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Differences in the dispersion and/or catalytic pellet size between laboratory and commercial reactors, operating at the same average residence time, may lead to differences in the yield of a desired product. Bounds are developed for predicting the maximal design uncertainty introduced by these phenomena for a network consisting of an arbitrary number of irreversible first-order reactions. A major advantage of these bounds is that they do not require any knowledge of the rate constants. It is shown that in a packed-bed reactor, the fractional yield loss is smaller than: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ 0.5{\rm }(m - 1){\rm }\left[{\sigma _\theta ^{\rm 2} + \left({1.2 + \frac{2}{{Bi_m }}} \right)p^2 } \right] $$\end{document} where m - 1 is the number of reaction steps involved in converting a reactant to the desired product, σθ2 is the dimensionless variance of the residence time density function, Bim is the Biot number, p2 = [(Vp/Sx)2(1/Deτ)], and τ is the average residence time.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350911
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  • 65
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Observation of a dynamic wetting process using Laser-Doppler velocimetry (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1521-1526 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The purpose of this study is to observe the dynamic wetting process of a slide coater flow (Ca = 0.16; Re = 14.4; St = 0.0142; ΔeP = 2.5), using a specially-developed Laser-Doppler measuring technique.The measurements, carried out with glycerol solutions, reveal that the observed contact line is apparent and that a thin air film is entrained between the web and the liquid surface. The liquid is accelerated along the lower free surface and attains approximately 50% of the web velocity at the apparent contact line. Downstream from the apparent contact line, the liquid is further accelerated along the air film to the web velocity at the real contact line.The apparent contact angle increases with the capillary number Ca and air entrainment occurs at Ca = 0.25.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350912
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  • 66
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of pore size distribution on enzyme immobilization in porous supports (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1551-1554 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350917
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  • 67
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Model of the effect of chemical reaction on bulk-phase concentrations (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1564-1568 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350920
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  • 68
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Errata (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1582-1582 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350924
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  • 69
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Synthesis of feedforward/state feedback controllers for nonlinear processes (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1602-1616 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A systematic method for synthesizing feedforward/state feedback controllers for a broad class of SISO nonlinear systems with measurable disturbances is presented. Depending on the structural characteristics of the system, the control law can be static or dynamic. The closed-loop system is independent of the measurable disturbances and linear with respect to set point changes. The performance of the proposed control scheme is illustrated through an example of composition control in a system of three CSTR's in series.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351004
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  • 70
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A reaction engineering approach to the problem of concrete carbonation (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1639-1650 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Steel bars in reinforced concrete are protected from corrosion by the high pH environment of the surrounding concrete. This alkaline environment is destroyed by the reaction of atmospheric CO2 with the Ca(OH)2 of the concrete mass. When this process, called carbonation of concrete, reaches the reinforcing bars, corrosion of the latter may commence. In this paper, the physiochemical processes in this phenomenon are presented and modeled mathematically. The mathematical model is fairly complex, but certain simplifying assumptions are possible, which lead to the formation of a “carbonation front” and to a simple analytical expression for the evolution in time of this front, in terms of the composition parameters of cement and concrete and of the environmental conditions. This simple expression is in very good agreement with experimental results obtained in this and in previous studies. The effect of some parameters on the carbonation front propagation is also discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351008
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  • 71
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Parametric analysis of thermal swing cycles for multicomponent adsorption (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1667-1677 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A study was made of the effect of design and operating parameters on the regeneration of a fixed bed of activated carbon. Two adsorbed species were removed by a hot gas purge, making the study relevant to thermal swing cycles used commercially. The analysis utilized direct experimental results as well as simulated results using a model described earlier by the authors (Huang and Fair, 1988).Regeneration parameters studied were: type of purge gas, purge gas contact time and velocity, regeneration temperature, initial bed loading, and bed pressure. These were related to certain parameters influencing the adsorption step: type of carrier gas, feed concentration, contact time and velocity, pressure, and initial bed temperature. The results are summarized in the form of guidelines for optimal regeneration cycle specification.
    Zusätzliches Material: 20 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351011
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  • 72
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mathematical analysis of two-phase flow in low-permeability porous media (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1710-1718 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A one-dimensional isothermal transient two-phase flow model of gas and liquid in a low-permeability medium has been developed from the general mass and momentum balances.The characteristic roots of the governing differential equations are real and distinct. Therefore, solution of the flow equations may be attempted by a stable initial-value finite-difference scheme. A numerical solution was obtained using the method of lines.Calculated two-phase flow parameters are consistent with expected flow behavior and reflect the sensitivity of fluid flow to porosity, gas and liquid permeability, and capillary pressure in a tight sands porous medium. Calculated gas flow rates compared well with experimental data obtained at the Institute of Gas Technology (IGT) for low-permeability sandstone.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351016
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  • 73
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Identification of CaSO4 formed by reaction of CaO and SO2 (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1739-1741 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351020
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  • 74
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Errata (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1756-1756 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351025
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  • 75
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Two-component LDV measurements in a stirred tank (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1770-1778 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Previous work has shown that in a standard stirred tank, the three-dimensional velocity field in the discharge flow of the stirrer is characterized by a strong deviation from homogeneous isotropic turbulence. By means of a two-component laser Doppler velocimeter (2D-LDV), the \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \overline {v'_r v'_\theta} $\end{document} Reynolds stresses are measured in a 6.3-dm3 standard tank stirred by a six-flat-blade Rushton turbine. Obviously, these stresses must be known to better understand the turbulent mixing in such a configuration. Moreover, the 2D-LDV appears to be an efficient tool for characterizing, from an energy viewpoint, the type of agitator used and, in principle, is confirmed to be useful to accurately obtain the length scales of turbulence which are fundamental parameters for the study of the micromixing processes.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351103
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  • 76
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An algorithm for simultaneous chemical and phase equilibrium calculation (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1813-1820 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A new generalized algorithm has been developed for solving simultaneous chemical and phase equilibrium equations of two-phase systems. By rearranging convergence loops of the algorithm of Sanderson and Chien (1973), this new approach shows improved robustness and speed. Solutions to the material balance and chemical equilibrium equations are obtained with an improved Marquardt method (Zhan, 1976). An esterification reaction and dissociation reactions of electrolytes in phase equilibrium are presented as examples.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351107
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  • 77
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Axial dispersion in pulsed-, perforated-plate extraction columns (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1845-1855 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Continuous-phase backmixing coefficients have been determined by continuous tracer injection for pulsed-plate extraction columns of 72-, 152- and 300-mm-diameter. Both single-phase water and two-phase kerosene-water were studied in all three columns, together with four other solvent-water systems in the smallest column; in all cases, water was the continuous phase. Evidence of maldistribution of the phases was obtained in the largest column. The backmixing coefficient was found to increase with column diameter in single-phase operation, but was diameter-independent in the two-phase case. Alternative correlations of the data were based on dimensional analysis and on a physical model, respectively. The influence of different systems was accounted for in the latter in terms of droplet size and terminal velocity, dispersed phase holdup, and density difference. Qualitative color tracer tests on the dispersed phase gave no evidence of backmixing of this phase, although strong forward dispersion was observed in the emulsion regime.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351111
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  • 78
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Partitioning of spherical solutes into sponge-type materials (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1883-1893 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Partition coefficients are computed for hard spherical solutes in equilibrium with sponge-type matrices containing randomly-placed spherical cavities or pores using grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation. The random pore model is representative of a variety of disordered porous solids including porous glasses and some polymeric materials. The algorithm used brings additional realism to the problem by rigorously distinguishing between accessible and inaccessible pore space. The simulation results display significant concentration effects which are often observed experimentally and are compared to data obtained by Brannon and Anderson (1982) for the partitioning of bovine serum albumin into controlled-pore glass.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351115
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  • 79
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cocurrently-cooled fixed-bed reactors: A simple approach to optimal cooling design (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1899-1902 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351118
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  • 80
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351201
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  • 81
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Control mechanisms of fluidized solids circulation between adjacent vessels (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1933-1941 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Many industrial proceses require the circulation of particles between reacting fluidized compartments at a stable, but flexible rate, so that the processes can be operated at different solids rates. In order to understand the phenomena involved in the circulation and its control, circulation of sand particles has been studied through a new experimental approach, using an open-loop two compartment circulating system.Experimental results show that the control of the circulation rate depends on three phenomena: the vertical resisting force in the fluidized compartments, the contraction of flow in the communication zone, and the bypass of gas between the compartments. For industrial purposes, the first appears to be predominant in the control of the solids rate. The second ensures neither the strict control of this rate nor the required flexibility. The link between the gas bypass and the circulation phenomena is explained and recommendations for the design and operation of circulating systems are given.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351204
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  • 82
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Sequential gas-solid reactions (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1975-1979 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A model is developed describing consecutive gas-solid reactions occurring in porous media. The model calls for independently measurable parameters and predicts two maxima in the reaction rate at intermediate conversions. The low temperature (350°C) reduction of hematite to iron in a hydrogen-nitrogen atmosphere was used to test the model. The experimental data confirmed the expected rate maxima. The conversion predictions are very close to the data for conversions below 30%, but are systematically somewhat lower than the experimental values for higher levels of conversion. An explanation for the discrepancy is offered in terms of the description of the pore structure.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351208
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  • 83
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Closure models for turbulent reacting flows (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 2013-2027 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: In this paper, a simple procedure based on fast and slow reaction asymptotics has been employed to derive first-order closure models for the nonlinear reaction terms in turbulent mass balances from mechanistic models of turbulent mixing and reaction. The coalescence-redispersion (CRD) model, the interaction by exchange with the mean (IEM) model, the three-environment (3E) model, and the four-environment (4E) model have been used to develop closure equations. The closure models have been tested extensively against experimental data for both single and multiple reactions. The closures based on slow asymptotics for the CRD, 3E and 4E models provide very good predictions of all of the experimental data, while other models available either in the literature or derived here are not adequate. The simple new closure equations developed in this paper may be useful in modeling systems involving turbulent mixing and complex chemical reactions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 14 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351212
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  • 84
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Use of high-gradient magnetic fields for the capture of ferritin (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 2058-2060 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351220
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  • 85
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Errata (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1052-1052 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350621
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  • 86
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Deadtime compensation for nonlinear processes (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1535-1542 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Many industrially important processes feature both nonlinear system dynamics and a process deadtime. Powerful deadtime compensation methods, such as the Smith predictor structure in state space for linear systems is presented first and then directly extended to nonlinear systems. When combined with input/output linearizing state feedback, this Smith-like predictor makes a nonlinear system with deadtime behave like a linear system with deadtime. The control structure is completed by adding an external linear controller, which provides integral action and compensates for the deadtime in the input/output linear system, and an open-loop state observer. Conditions for robust stability with respect to errors in the deadtime and more general linear unstructured multiplicative uncertainties are given. Computer simulations for an example system demonstrate the high controller performance that can be obtained using the proposed method.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350914
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  • 87
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diffusion with instantaneous reaction in a drop with continuous-phase resistance (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1543-1546 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350915
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  • 88
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Single droplet mass transfer measurements using an ESCR-scintillation method (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1376-1379 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350817
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  • 89
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ultrapyrolysis of propane in a spouted-bed reactor with a draft tube (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1617-1624 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Ultrapyrolysis or ultrarapid pyrolysis is a hydrocarbon thermal cracking process which offers the promise of greater product selectivity, higher yield and feedstock flexibility. In this paper, ultrapyrolysis of propane in a spouted bed with a draft tube was used as a test system to demonstrate these advantages. Experiments, carried out on a 20-cm-diameter pilot-scale reactor, illustrate the spouted bed to be capable of achieving the extremely high reactant heating rates of up to 105 K/s and the short gas residence times of less than 500 ms necessary for this process. Moreover, reactant conversion and product yields can be enhanced by controlling the operating temperature of the bed. In addition, application of the propane pryolysis reaction scheme of Sundaram and Froment into a recently developed computer model indicates the ability to correctly simulate the spouted bed as an ultrapyrolysis reactor.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351005
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  • 90
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Tracer experiments and RTD's in heterogeneous reactor analysis and design (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1651-1658 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: This paper focuses on the problem of scale-up of two-phase (e.g., solid-fluid) reactors. It outlines a class of such reactors which, for first-order reactions, scale in the familiar single-phase manner via an analog of the usual residence time distribution formula. The differences lie in the fact that the appropriate tracer experiment entering the formalism for this reactor class refers to a nonadsorbing tracer, and the analog of the plug flow solution is the solution for a fixed bed with fluid-phase plug flow. Surprisingly, unlike single-phase systems, there exist two-phase reactors, outside of the class defined, that do not scale in this manner, even when, say, the true catalyst surface chemistry is purely first-order. The paper discusses a few examples and implications for the design of two-phase reactors, including fluidized beds.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351009
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  • 91
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Suspension-to-Surface heat transfer in a circulating-fluidized-bed combustor (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1685-1691 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Heat transfer coefficients were measured for ciculating beds of sand particles of mean size 222 to 299 μm at temperatures of 340-880° C. Transfer coefficients were obtained for both a 1.22-m-long, 12.7-mm-OD vertical tube and a 1.59-m-long, 148-mm-wide membrane wall near the top of a 152-mm-square by 7.32-m-tall combustion column. For both surfaces and all temperatures, average heat transfer coefficients increased almost linearly with local suspension density which ranged from 0 to 70 kg/m3. Radiation played a significant role, especially at high temperatures and low suspension densities. Heat transfer coefficients also varied significantly with the lateral position of the tube. The vertical length of heat transfer surface is shown to be an important parameter allowing seemingly discrepant published results to be reconciled.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351013
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  • 92
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Profile equations for film flows at moderate Reynolds numbers (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1719-1727 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: An approximate equation for the evolution of finite-amplitude, long disturbances to Newtonian liquid films is found to be accurate over a wide range of Reynolds numbers. A long-wave expansion leads to a film profile equation asymptotically correct when wave number and Reynolds number are small. Solutions of the film profile equation are compared to exact and other approximate solutions of the Navier-Stokes system. An alternative form of the film profile equation results in remarkably accurate solutions, when Reynolds numbers are moderate, in the cases of standing or monotonically decaying waves in horizonatal films, rising film flow, final acceleration of a moving film, and film flow emerging from a slot coater.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351017
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  • 93
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of heater and heating methods on pool boiling (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1742-1744 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351021
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  • 94
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Lubricant retention on a spinning disk (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1753-1756 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351024
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  • 95
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Design/optimization of ternary heterogeneous azeotropic distillation sequences (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1592-1601 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Various strategies for sequencing heterogeneous azeotropic distillations have been explored. The design and optimization of these systems by simulation-based methods is generally acknowledged to be a very difficult problem (Kingsley and Lucia, 1988). In this article, a simple and accurate design and optimization procedure has been developed. The method does not involve any recycle convergence loops and has been applied successfully to several test problems. Unlike the simulation-based methods, our method is robust to changes in the system optimization variables (e.g., reflux ratio in the azeotropic column).In order to demonstrate the method, we present design and optimization results for the dehydration of ethanol using a benzene entrainer. Our optimal designs consume significantly less energy than state-of-the-art designs reported in the literature.
    Zusätzliches Material: 16 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351003
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  • 96
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Manipulating solids CSD in a supercritical fluid crystallizer: CO2-benzoic acid (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1625-1630 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The final properties and end use of many organic solids often depends on their crystal-size distribution (CSD), e.g., bioavailability for pharmaceutical solids. The objective of this study was to develop an alternate technology for crystallizing and manipulating size distribution of organic solids by crystallization from supercritical fluids. Such a technology might be superior to conventional-size manipulation techniques, such as milling and recrystallization from organic solvents, which might contaminate the products and affect their physical-chemical stability. Supercritical carbon dioxide was used as solvent to dissolve and then crystallize benzoic acid. A batch crystallizer was constructed and operated in the supercritical region. Seeded and unseeded crystallization experiments were performed. Different depressurization vs. time profiles for the supercritical fluid were used to produce crystals of various sizes.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351006
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  • 97
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Turbulence-producing eddies in the viscous wall region (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1962-1974 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A computer simulation of turbulent flow in a channel is used to detect flow patterns related to the production of Reynolds stress. It is found that quadrant 2 and quadrant 4 events possess a streaky structure in the viscous wall region and that these events can be best understood by examining the velocity field in the y-z plane. Large turbulence production in the viscous wall region is found to occur in updrafts and downdrafts associated with closed eddies. These eddies, on average, have a spanwise dimension of 50 wall units and a streamwise dimension of 400-450 wall units. They are often seen to originate from small attached eddies at the wall.
    Zusätzliches Material: 18 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351207
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  • 98
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A neural network methodology for process fault diagnosis (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1993-2002 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The ability of knowledge-based expert systems to facilitate the automation of difficult problems in process engineering that require symbolic reasoning and an efficient manipulation of diverse knowledge has generated considerable interest recently. Rapid deployment of these systems, however, has been difficult because of the tedious nature of knowledge acquisition, the inability of the system to learn or dynamically improve its performance, and the unpredictability of the system outside its domain of expertise.This paper proposes a neural-network-based methodology for providing a potential solution to the preceding problems in the area of process fault diagnosis. The potential of this approach is demonstrated with the aid of an oil refinery case study of the fluidized catalytic cracking process. The neural-network-based system successfully diagnoses the faults it is trained upon. It is able to generalize its knowledge to successfully diagnose novel fault combinations it is not explicitly trained upon. Furthermore, the network can also handle incomplete and uncertain data. In addition, this approach is compared with the knowledge-based approach.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351210
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  • 99
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A simple method for on-line identification and controller tuning (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 2037-2039 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351215
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  • 100
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diffusivity measurement in calcium alginate gel by holographic interferometry (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1895-1898 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351117
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