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  • 1975-1979  (3,556)
  • 1965-1969  (3,184)
  • 1920-1924  (1,159)
  • 1840-1849  (4,620)
  • Organic Chemistry  (12,331)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of cerebellectomy on the cat's vertical vestibuloocular reflex (1979)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 382 (1979), S. 51-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Cerebellectomy ; Vestibuloocular reflex ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of cerebellectomy on the semi-circular canal evoked responses recorded from individual vertical and oblique eye muscles were studied in cats anesthetized with Ketamine. The phase lag relative angular acceleration of the electromyographic response was consistantly smaller over the frequency range tested (0.02–1.0 Hz) in cerebellectomized than in intact animals. This finding indicates that the time constant of the central, neural integrator was shifted towards smaller values by the lesion. This was also suggested when the vertical eye movements generated by rotation about the pitch axis were recorded in the fully alert animal. In addition, the EOG data show that the phase of the VOR in the low frequency range was not altered following cerebellectomy suggesting that the macular influences were still present. When the EMG responses of the superior oblique (SO) and superior rectus (SR) muscles were studied in their presumed main mode, i.e. roll-canal and pitch-canal, respectively, no difference was noted in hemicerebellectomized animals when compared to intact control animals. However, when SO and SR were studied in pitch-canal and roll-canal rotation, respectively, dramatic changes in the response pattern were noted in lesioned animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00585903
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the central generation of locomotion in the low spinal cat (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 34 (1979), S. 241-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Locomotion ; Central generator ; Cat ; Deafferentation ; Spinal cord
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A central network of neurones in the spinal cord has been shown to produce a rhythmic motor output similar to locomotion after suppression of all afferent inflow. The experiments were performed mainly in acute spinal cats (th. 12), which had received DOPA i.v. and the monoamine oxidase inhibitor Nialamide. In some preparations all dorsal roots supplying the spinal cord were transected, in others phasic afferent activity was suppressed by curarization. The activity was recorded as neurograms from nerve filaments or as electromyograms. It is concluded that: 1. alternating activity between flexors and extensors of foot, ankle, knee, and hip of one limb can still occur 2. the duration of the flexor discharges vary less with the cycle duration than the extensor discharges 3. different flexor muscles may retain individual patterns 4. the activity at different joints can be dissociated 5. there is at least one network for each limb 6. the coordination between the two hindlimbs can be alternating as in walking or be more closely spaced as in galloping 7. alternating activity in the ankle remains even when only segments L6, L7 and S1 are intact.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235671
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SEM study of the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle in the cat (1979)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 155 (1979), S. 323-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Telencephalon ; Choroid plexus ; Lateral ventricle ; Blood vessels ; Micro Corrosion cast ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Corrosion casts of the complete vascular network of the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle in the cat brain were studied in SEM using the injection-replication method. The villi of this plexus are located only on its supero-anterior and infero-posterior parts, being most densely packed in the former region, close to the interventricular foramen. The capillaries of the villi display small nodular thickenings, which suggest the presence of small, sinusoidal dilatations. The main vessel supplying the plexus with blood is the anterior choroidal artery. The plexus is also characterized by a particularly rich venous network, which is drained by a prominent (main) choroid vein. The vascular organization of the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle in cat is compared to that of the corresponding plexuses in other mammals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317645
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Primary vestibular afferent projections to the ipsilateral abducens nucleus in cats (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 37 (1979), S. 177-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cat ; Autoradiography ; Abducens nucleus ; Primary vestibular fibers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Primary vestibular projections to the ipsilateral abducens nucleus were found in cats by injecting anterograde tracer substances (radioactive proline and fucose) into Scarpa's ganglion. Labelling was observed in the rostral and middle portion of the abducens nucleus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01474263
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effets de la stimulation des mécanorécepteurs splanchniques sur l'activité des cellules cérébelleuses de Purkinje (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 37 (1979), S. 405-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cerebellum ; Purkinje Cells ; Splanchnic mechanoreceptors ; Cat ; Cervelet ; Cellules Purkinje ; Mécanorécepteurs splanchniques ; Chat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les activités simple et complexe de cellules de Purkinje du cervelet du Chat (zone vermienne des lobules V et VI) ont été enregistrées au moyen de microélectrodes extracellulaires. Ces réponses étaient obtenues par stimulation de différents types de mécanorécepteurs du tractus gastro-intestinal: récepteurs musculaires connectés à des fibres C, récepteurs péritonéaux de mouvement connectés à des fibres Aγδ ou B, corpuscules de Pacini connectés à des fibres Aβ. Les caractéristiques des fibres splanchniques projetant sur cette aire cérébelleuse ont été définies. Des convergences splanchno-somatiques, splanchno-viscérales et splanchno-corticales ont été mises en évidence.
    Notes: Summary Climbing and mossy fibre activity in Purkinje cells of cat cerebellum (vermis part of lobules V and VI) were recorded by means of extracellular microelectrodes. Responses were obtained by stimulation of different types of mechanoreceptors in the gastro-intestinal tract: muscular receptors connected with C fibres, peritoneal movement receptors connected with Aγδ or B fibres, Pacinian corpuscules connected with Aβ fibres. The characteristics of the splanchnic fibre projections on this cerebellar area were defined. Splanchno-somatic, splanchno-visceral, and splanchno-cortical convergences were demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236814
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of the projection from the visual cortex to the claustrum by anterograde axonal transport in the cat (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 34 (1979), S. 197-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Claustrum ; Visual cortex ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Visual cortex, including areas 17, 18, and sometimes 19, was injected with tritiated leucine. Terminal labelling could be detected by autoradiography in the dorsocaudal part of the ipsilateral claustrum in all cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238353
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Discriminative stimulus properties of psychomotor stimulants in the cat (1979)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 63 (1979), S. 151-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Discriminative stimulus properties ; Psychomotor stimulants ; Cat ; d-Amphetamine ; Clozapine ; Cocaine ; Morphine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cats were trained to choose between two levers of an operant chamber using interoceptive cues provided by d-amphetamine or saline as the discriminative stimuli. Following training, stimulus generalization was observed to additional doses of d-amphetamine and cocaine, but not to morphine. Clozapine blocked the generalization of the drug discrimination response to d-amphetamine, but had no effect on generalization to cocaine. These data indicate that discriminative stimulus properties of psychomotor stimulants, previously described in rats, are similar in cats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429694
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lafora-like bodies in a cat (1979)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 48 (1979), S. 55-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Lafora-like bodies ; Morphogenesis ; Glycogen metabolism ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Lafora-like bodies in an 8-year-old cat were studied light and electron microscopically and histochemically. In addition to Lafora-like bodies composed of branching filaments, glycogen granules and electron-dense materials, abnormal accumulations of glycogen granules attracted attention. The most remarkable features were the developmental processes of the branching filaments originating directly from glycogen granules. Lafora-like bodies in the present study showed ultrastructural, histochemical, and enzymatic similarities to those described in the previous reports in Lafora's disease, glycogenosis and other cases. From these results, a certain disturbance of the glycogen metabolism is considered to be probably related to the productive mechanism of Lafora-like bodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00691791
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Responses of single cells in cat's lateral geniculate nucleus and area 17 to the velocity of moving visual stimuli (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 34 (1979), S. 273-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Stimulus velocity ; Single cell responses ; LGN ; Area 17 ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neuronal responses to moving visual stimuli were recorded in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and area 17 of cats. Response duration (DE), number of spikes (NT), and mean frequency (FM) were estimated from the response histograms and analysed for their dependence on stimulus velocity. In the LGN, for about 2/3 of cells these response parameters changed monotonically with velocity up to about 100 °/s. In 1/3 of the cells, the response frequency was tuned to velocity. The speed at which individual cells reached a peak or plateau firing rate was correlated with their receptive field size. In area 17, most neurones were tuned to velocity. Nine out of 59 cells were insensitive to stimulus speed in that they responded equally well at stimulus velocities up to about 10 °/s. The results suggest that at higher levels in the nervous system information about velocity is represented in discrete groups of neurones. It is pointed out that different response parameters may be relevant for different perceptual phenomena associated with movement. The significance of integrational properties and lateral inhibition of nerve cells for the development of complex response properties is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235673
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mise en evidence electrophysiologique des thermorécepteurs vagaux dans la région gastro-intestinale. Leur rôle dans la régulation de la motricité digestive (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 34 (1979), S. 419-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Thermoreceptors ; Gastro-intestinal tract ; Vagal nerve ; C Fibres ; Cat ; Thermorecepteurs ; Tractus gastro ; Intestinal ; Nerf vague ; Fibres amyéliniques ; Chat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Chez des chats anesthésiés, des décharges sensitives vagales ont été enregistrées dans le ganglion plexiforme à l'aide d'électrodes extracellulaires en verre. Nous avons trouvé au niveau de l'antre et du duodénum, des récepteurs toniques, activés par des solutions chaudes (38–51 ° C avec un optimum à 46–49 ° C) ou froides (36–10 ° C avec un optimum à 12–10 ° C). Ces récepteurs ne répondent ni aux stimulus mécaniques (compression et distension des viscères), ni aux stimulus chimiques (perfusion avec des solutions glucosées ou acides). Ces récepteurs n'appartiennent donc pas au groupe des récepteurs polymodaux, mais ils doivent être considérés comme de véritables thermorécepteurs spécifiquement sensibles au chaud ou au froid. Les thermorécepteurs de la région gastro-duodénale sont connectés à des fibres vagales amyéliniques (vitesse de conduction: 0,8–1,4 m/s). Par ailleurs, le rôle éventuel des thermorécepteurs vagaux de la région gastro-duodénale dans la régulation de la motilité digestive a été recherché. En dérivant simultanément l'EMG en plusieurs points du tractus gastro-duodénal, il a été possible de démontrer que les stimulations froides et chaudes du duodénum, qui mettent en jeu les thermorécepteurs, provoquent une inhibition de l'activité électrique de l'antre. Les modifications persistent apèrs bisplanchnectomie, mais disparaissent complètement après bivagotomie. A partir de ces faits, nous en avons conclu que les thermorécepteurs vagaux sont impliqués dans la régulation nerveuse de la motilité gastro-duodénale.
    Notes: Summary In anaesthetized cats, sensory vagal units were recorded in the nodose ganglion by means of extracellular glass microelectrodes. In the antrum and the duodenum we have found receptors tonically activated by warm (38–51 ° C with an optimum at 46–49 ° C) or cold (36–10 ° C with an optimum at 12–10 ° C) solutions. These receptors did not respond to mechanical stimuli (compression and distension of the viscera) and to chemical ones (perfusion with glucose and acid solutions). Thus they did not belong to polymodal type, but they must be considered as true thermoreceptors, specifically sensitive to warm or cold stimulations. The gastro-duodenal thermoreceptors were connected to non-medullated vagal fibres (conduction velocity: 0.8–1.4 m/s). On the other hand, the role of the gastro-duodenal vagal thermoreceptors in the regulation of the digestive motility was studied. By using several electromyographic recordings, it was possible to show that the cold and warm stimulations of the duodenum which elicited thermoreceptor responses, induced an inhibition of the electrical activity of the antrum. The changes persisted after bisplanchnectomy, but disappeared completely after bivagotomy. From these facts it was concluded that the vagal thermoreceptors were involved in the nervous regulations of the gastro-duodenal motility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00239140
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of ventrolateral thalamic nucleus cooling on initiation of forelimb ballistic flexion movements by conditioned cats (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 34 (1979), S. 435-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cooling ; Ventrolateral thalamic nucleus ; Pyramidal system ; Reaction time ; Ballistic movement ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Five cats were trained to perform a forelimb ballistic flexion on a reaction time paradigm including an upper limit of about 400 ms for reinforcement (food pellets). They were implanted with a cyrogenic probe thermically insulated, except at the tip, by a vacuum jacket (outer diameter, 1.1 mm). Four cats had the probe inserted into the ventrolateral thalamic nucleus (VL), contralateral to the moving limb. During cooling they showed increased reaction times, which remained constant throughout daily sessions performed during many weeks, independent of the foreperiod but varying from 25 to 100 ms according to the subject. The temperatures used to upset the reaction times varied from +10 ° C to −8 ° C, depending on the localisation of the probe and on the insulation of the silver tip used to prevent nervous tissue reaction, but for each subject the reaction times always increased when the temperature was lowered. The fifth cat, with a probe inserted between VL and the Centre Median, showed a decrease of reaction times on cooling to 0 ° C and an increase of the reaction times for a cooling at −10 ° C. For one of the four cats with a probe properly inserted into the VL, strain-gauges were stuck on the lever to measure the latency of the decrease of the pressure exerted by the subject when the subject initiated the forelimb flexion in response to the CS. Reaction times and latencies of pressure changes were closely correlated with the movement onset, and they were equally delayed during cooling. This result demonstrates that it is not by slowing down movement velocity that reaction times are upset during VL cooling but by delaying the movement onset.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00239141
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anatomical and electrophysiological identification of motoneurones supplying the cat retractor bulbi muscle (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 34 (1979), S. 541-550 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Retractor bulbi motoneurones ; Accessory abducens nucleus ; 6th nerve ; Oculomotricity ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Motoneurones innervating the retractor bulbi muscle in the cat have been identified by retrograde labelling with horseradish peroxidase, by intracellular recording and by intracellular staining with horseradish peroxidase. Their somata are found in an accessory abducens nucleus, analogous to that described in some other species, which consists of a narrow column of cells situated in the lateral tegmental reticular field, above the superior olive and medial to the facial nerve. This column of cells extends over approximately 1.5 mm from P 5.5 to P 7. The retractor bulbi motoneurones number from 80 to 120 and have large, elongated somata which give rise to five or six major dendrites. Their axons cross the reticular formation in a dorso-medial direction to pass through the principal abducens nucleus before turning to leave the brain stem in the 6th nerve. Antidromic latencies ranged from 0.4 to 0.7 ms. Some retractor bulbi motoneurones could also be activated antidromically by stimulation of the lateral rectus muscle nerve.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00239148
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Classification of cat retinal ganglion cells into X- and Y-cells with a contrast reversal stimulus (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 35 (1979), S. 25-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Retinal ganglion cells ; Cat ; Contrast reversal stimulus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A contrast reversal (alternating phase) stimulus was used to study the responses of 150 retinal ganglion cells from 15 adult cats. Because the majority of the cells did not show perfect linear spatial summation, a ratio of the firing rates at two time periods was used to express the degree of nonlinearity. Y-cells showed a high degree of nonlinearity, and their mean null ratio was significantly lower than that of X-cells. With the stimulus at the null position, X-cells had an unmodulated discharge rate which was significantly higher than maintained activity, while the firing rate of Y-cells was lower than maintained activity. With the stimulus placed at an eccentric position in the receptive field, X-cells responded in a sustained manner, while Y-cells respond transiently. Because of these observations, we conclude that X-cells correspond to the sustained cells, while Y-cells correspond to the transient cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236782
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Various types of corticotectal neurons of cats as demonstrated by means of retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 35 (1979), S. 161-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cerebral cortex ; Superior colliculus ; Cat ; Horseradish peroxidase method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The retrograde labeling of cortical neurons with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was used to investigate the morphological features of neurons in various cortical areas projecting to the superior colliculus in the cat. Corticotectal cells were found to be labeled in layer V of the entire cerebral cortex. The number of labeled cells and their locations varied according to the sites of injections of HRP in the colliculus. Most of the Corticotectal cells identified in the present study were small (9–20 μm in diameter, 66%) and medium (20–40 urn, 30%) pyramidal neurons and only 4% of them were large (more than 40 μm). The labeled cells, 261 in total number, had somal diameters of 20.8±8.0 μm (mean and SD). The range of sizes of the labeled neurons was different in different cortical areas. For example, the labeled neurons in the Clare-Bishop area had a greater proportion of large diameter cells than in other areas. The present findings are largely in agreement with the previous data of anterograde degeneration methods with respect to the topographical correlation of the Corticotectal projections. However, in some cortical areas, e.g., the sensorimotor and the first visual (area 17) cortex of the lateral surface of the hemisphere, relatively small numbers of Corticotectal neurons appear to have been labeled by retrogradely transported HRP. The sparsity of the labeled neurons in certain cortical areas may reflect the existence of Corticotectal neurons with axon collaterals supplying brain structures other than the superior colliculus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236792
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cortical neurons projecting to the pontine nuclei in the cat. An experimental study with the horseradish peroxidase technique (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 35 (1979), S. 269-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cerebral cortex ; Pontine nuclei ; Cat ; Horseradish peroxidase method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) injections in various portions of the cat pontine nuclei resulted in retrograde labeling of neurons in layer V of the ipsilateral cerebral cortex. Corticopontine neurons, pyramidal in type, have been found to be labeled in the entire cortex, confirming the previous findings of anterograde degeneration studies. Most (91%) of the labeled cells were 14–26 μm in diameter (mean 19.4±4.5 μm SD). Small (10–20 μm) and medium (20–40 μm) cells represent 51.5% and 47.7%, respectively, of the total number of the labeled neurons. The populations of the neurons of various sizes were almost identical in different cortical areas, and were different from the populations of corticoreticular and corticospinal cells. Corticopontine cells were well labeled in experimental cases of 3-days' survival time, confirming the topographical organization established previously by degeneration studies for this projection system. However, in cases of shorter survival time (20–27 h), the number of labeled neurons was very small. The relative paucity of labeled Corticopontine neurons in the sigmoid and lateral gyri is discussed with reference to other cortical descending neurons (e.g., the corticotectal, corticoreticular and corticospinal) which have hitherto been identified morphologically as well as physiologically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236615
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cat phrenic nucleus architecture as revealed by horseradish peroxidase mapping (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 35 (1979), S. 395-406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cat ; Spinal cord ; Phrenic motoneurons ; Neuron geometry ; Horseradish peroxidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cat phrenic motoneurons, labeled by intradiaphragmatic injection of horseradish peroxidase, formed a tight cluster in the most ventral portion of the ventral horn in lamina IX of the lower cervical cord. Cell counts were symmetrically distributed for 17 to 21 mm along the longitudinal axis of the cord with a unimodal peak at the junction of segments C5 and C6. The phrenic nucleus was bilaterally organized on either side of the cord with anatomical symmetry and in no case was there evidence for the crossing of phrenic axons in the cord. Assessment of cellular geometry and intercellular relationships demonstrated that phrenic cell diameters approximated a normal distribution with a single peak at 26 μm while longitudinal cell lengths averaged 76 μm. Cells of different size were mixed randomly at all levels of the nucleus. The minimum distance between cells was about 10 μm and the maximum cell packing density approached 2 cells per 106 μm3. The results confirm the location of the cat phrenic nucleus, extend the knowledge of phrenic motoneuronal geometry, and provide an anatomical basis for the understanding of recruitment and synchronization phenomena within the phrenic nucleus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236759
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visual suppression from nondominant eye in the lateral geniculate nucleus: A comparison of cat and monkey (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 35 (1979), S. 465-477 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cat ; Monkey ; Lateral geniculate nucleus ; Visual nondominant suppression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have studied the suppression of firing in single LGN cells of cat and monkey in response to visual stimulation of the nondominant eye. In the cat LGN most of the cells of each of the main laminae show this nondominat suppression. X cells having their dominant input from the ipsilateral eye were suppressed to a significantly greater degree than any other cell type in the cat LGN. In the monkey LGN nondominant suppression was absent in all 19 X-like cells studied, whereas 6 of 21 Y-like cells showed nondominant suppression. Thus nondominant suppression is present in the magnocellular laminae of the monkey LGN, where the Y-like cells are found, but appears to be absent from the parvocellular laminae, where the X-like cells are found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236765
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermosensory defects after cervical spinal cord lesions in the cat (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 35 (1979), S. 479-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Thermosensitivity ; Lesions ; Spinal cord ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The behavioural thermosensitivity of cat paws was examined before and/or after restricted uni- and/or bilateral lesions had been made in the spinal cord between the first and fifth cervical segments. Unilateral lesions of the lateral funiculus, which involved at least its whole width at the level of the central canal, reproducibly were found to interfere with the contralateral sensitivity for temperature increases and/or decreases. No corresponding thermosensory deficiencies were found after unilateral lesions involving the ventral spinal quadrant or the dorsal funiculus. Various bilateral and combined lesions were made, but no cat ever developed thermoanaesthesia. The bilateral lesions included bilateral transections of: the middle parts of the lateral funiculi, the dorsal halves of the lateral funiculi, the dorsal funiculi, and the ventral spinal half. Most of our knowledge about peripheral behavioural thermosensitivity after spinal cord injury is based on observations of human patients, especially after anterolateral chordotomies. The present finding of contralateral thermosensory deficiencies after lesions of the middle part of the lateral funiculus fits with some of the clinical reports. The present failure to cause thermoanaesthesia, on the other hand, is inconsistent with the theory of a single ascending spinal pathway for behavioural thermo-sensitivity, which has emanated mainly from the clinical observations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236766
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of visual responses in two pretectal nuclei and in the superior colliculus of the cat (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 35 (1979), S. 495-510 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Pretectal nuclei ; Superior colliculus ; Visual response pattern ; Retinal input types ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Single unit recordings from 220 units were obtained from the nuclei praetectalis anterior (NPA) and posterior (NPP) of 30 immobilized, anesthetized cats. Quantitative analysis of pretectal (PT) visual activity was mainly based on recordings from the NPP. For comparison, 160 collicular (CS) neurons were studied. A strong sensitivity for moving objects was evident in both samples. The following main types of PT activity were categorized: (A) slow movement, direction-selective units (21%); (B) slow movement, nondirection-selective units (19%); (C) units nonselective for stimulus velocity and direction (24%); (D) jerk movement selective, nondirection-selective units (36%). Latency measurements following single shocks to optic chiasm (OX) and tract (OT) showed mainly slow conducting fiber input to the PT and CS which can be divided into two different groups by conduction properties and synaptic delay: direct W-input and delayed W-input. Fast Y-fiber input of both types, direct and indirect, was recorded at both sites, PT and CS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236767
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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypercomplex cell types in area 18 of the cat (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 36 (1979), S. 191-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Hypercomplex cells ; Area 18 ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Single unit recording has revealed the same orientation sensitive cell classes in cat area 18 as are to be found in area 17. These include particularly the various types of hypercomplex cell belonging to the S, C, and B cell families.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238477
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activity of ventrolateral thalamic neurons in relation to a simple reaction time task in the cat (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 36 (1979), S. 285-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: VL nucleus ; Single units ; Reaction time ; Movement initiation ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Unrestrained cats performed ballistic forelimb flexion movements triggered by an auditory stimulus (CS) on a simple reaction time (RT) paradigm. During the variable foreperiod the subject was required to hold down a lever and to release it on presentation of the CS. The RTs ranged from 200 to 300 ms. The activity of single neurons of the ventrolateral nucleus of the thalamus (VL) was recorded bilaterally. More than 40% of the 166 units recorded in the VL contralateral to the performing limb presented, after the CS, changes of activity with a latency less than 100 ms and were classified into three types: (1) Twenty-five units had a short latency transient increase of activity 10 to 30 ms after the CS, followed by a longer increase or decrease in activity. Short latency increase as well as subsequent increase of the firing rate were not correlated to the RTs. (2) Twenty-nine units showed a 40–60 ms latency increase of activity which lasted long enough to continue during the forelimb movement. These units displayed a correlation between the RTs and the mean firing rate measured in the 40–100 ms period after the CS. The more the cells were activated, the shorter the RTs. (3) Fifteen units presented a reciprocal pattern of discharge with respect to the type (2) units. The firing rate decreased with latencies ranging from 20 to 90 ms after the CS. Only 14,5% of the 96 units recorded in the VL ipsilateral to the performing limb presented changes of activity starting in the 100 ms period following the CS. Background firing levels as well as phasic activity were rather low compared to those observed contralaterally. Sixteen units showed burst activity while the cat was performing but burst pattern was not time-related to the task. In an unconditioned animal, a very low level of activity and an absence of modulations were observed in both VLs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238912
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of maturation and visual experience in the development of eye alignment in cats (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 37 (1979), S. 41-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Eye alignment ; Cat ; Visual experience ; Maturation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the developing kitten, the alignment of the pupils changes from strongly divergent to almost parallel. The visual axes, however, seem to stay almost parallel throughout this period. The influence of early visual experience on this development is examined in the present study. The results suggest that the development of eye alignment is not controlled by visual experience, but depends on maturational processes, and that normal visual input serves only to halt these processes at the appropriate time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01474252
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    14C-Deoxyglucose mapping of orientation subunits in the cats visual cortical areas (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 37 (1979), S. 609-613 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Orientation subunits ; Visual cortex ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The orientation domain in the cortical visual areas of anesthetized cats has been investigated by employing the 14C-Deoxyglucose technique (Sokoloff et al., 1977). Orientation subunits (OS) are seen in the first (V1), the second (V2) and the third visual area (V3) as well as in the visual areas of the suprasylvian sulcus. In the latter regions OS are less elaborated than in V1, V2, and V3. The OS are continuous through all cortical layers; in V1 however, only weak label is detected in layer 4C. In V1, V2, and V3 the width of the OS is about 0.4 mm and the average distance between two OS centers is 0.9 mm. The spatial pattern of the OS seems to be more regular in the visual field periphery than in regions representing the vertical meridian.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236828
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  • 24
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    Electronic Resource
    The effects of splanchnic nerve stimulation on the plasma levels of serotonin and substance P in the portal vein of the cat (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 46 (1979), S. 105-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Cat ; electrical stimulation ; serotonin ; splanchnic nerves ; substance P
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The blood levels of serotonin (5-HT) and substance P (SP) in the portal vein were studied after splanchnic nerve stimulation in the cat. The portal levels of both substances were studied before, during and after splanchnic nerve stimulation. There was a twofold increase in 5-HT during stimulation whilst the SP concentration remained unchanged. These results suggest that the nervous control of the amine release into the portal stream and the mechanism that regulates the release of the polypeptide is not the same.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01250332
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brain-stem responses of the cat and interaural attenuation (1979)
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 222 (1979), S. 113-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Brain-stem electric response (BSER) ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The early auditory evoked responses have been studied in bilaterally hearing cats, and in animals with hereditary unilateral anacusis. Cross-over stimulation of the hearing ear occurs at an interaural attenuation of 50-50 dB, and all six waves of the responsare present at supra-threshold stimulus levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00469750
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Types of thalamo-cortical relay neurons in the anteroventral nucleus of the cat (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 196 (1979), S. 175-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Thalamo-cortical projection ; Anteroventral nucleus ; HRP retrograde transport ; Golgi impregnation ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neurons displaying a thalamo-cortical projection were marked by means of the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP), and the labeled elements were compared with neurons impregnated by the Golgi technique. Injections of HRP into the posterior area of the limbic cortex resulted in its uptake by various anterior thalamic nuclei, especially the anteroventral nucleus. HRP-positive cells are characterized by their position, dendritic orientation, and the shape and size of their somata. On the basis of the combined HRP- and Golgi-analysis three different types of thalamo-cortical relay neurons can be distinguished.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236358
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
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    A combined horseradish peroxidase and Golgi study on the afferent connections of the ventrobasal complex of the thalamus in the cat (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 199 (1979), S. 529-538 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Thalamus ; Horseradish peroxidase ; Golgi-impregnation ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Afferent connections to the ventrobasal complex (VB) of the thalamus were studied by means of retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and by the Golgi-method. After HRP-injection into the VB, peroxidase-positive cells were observed contralaterally in the dorsal column nuclei (DCN), in the trigeminal nuclei and in the lateral cervical nucleus (LCN), and ipsilaterally in the somatosensory I (SI) and II (SII) cortical areas. Labeled cells of different shape and size were compared with neurons impregnated by the Golgi-technique. On the basis of HRP-labeling it is concluded that cells projecting to the VB are different in size and shape even within one region and that they correspond to the relay or efferent neurons observed in the Golgimaterial.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236088
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  • 28
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    Immunocytochemical identification of vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic neurons in the hypothalamus of the cat (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 196 (1979), S. 117-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Vasopressin neurons ; Oxytocin neurons ; Immunocytochemistry ; Magnocellular neuroendocrine system ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Our immunocytochemical investigation of the magnocellular neuroendocrine cells in the cat hypothalamus reveals a mixture of vasopressin (VP)- and oxytocin (OT)-containing neurons in the supraoptic (NSO), the paraventricular (NPV) and in five accessory nuclei (NAC). We describe the lateral hypothalamic nucleus (NLH), a new accessory nucleus, lying at the junction of the internal capsule and pallidum, and possibly involved in drinking behavior. Previously characterized incompletely in mammals, the four other accessory nuclei consist of the circularis (NC), anterior fornical (NAF), posterior fornical (NPF) and retrochiasmatic (NRC). The two peptidergic cell types, VP and OT, are equally mixed in the NPV and the NAC, but in the NSO VP neurons predominate. The perikarya of these VP and OT neurons do not show distinct morphological differences at the level of light microscopy. The organization of magnocellular neurosecretory neurons in the cat hypothalamus closely resembles that described in other mammals with the exception of the unique presence of the lateral hypothalamic accessory nucleus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236352
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    Analyse von technischem Diphenylolpropan (Dian) durch Schnelle FlüssigchromatographieVorgetragen auf der Hauptjahrestagung der Chemischen Gesellschaft der DDR v. 23. bis 25. 11. 1977 in Dresden. (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 13-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Analysis of Technical Diphenylolpropane (Bisphenol A) by High-performance Liquid ChromatographyA method for the investigation of technical 2,2-bis-(4′-hydroxyphenyl)-propane (bisphenol A) by high-performance liquid chromatography is described. Microspherical silicagel in unmodified (adsorption) and C16-modified form (reversed phase) was used as support. It has been found that supports with small particle sizes (5 μm) achieve their optimum efficiency only when they possess an adequately narrow optimum particle size distribution.The investigations were carried out using a self-made apparatus. Details concerning an UV-cell being insensitive to gas bubbles as well as a differential refractometer, which can be disassembled, are presented.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210104
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    Steric Effects in the STOBBE Condensation of 3,4-Disubstituted Acetophenones with Dimethyl Methylsuccinate (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 65-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Sterische Effekte in der STOBBE-Kondensation von 3,4-disubstituierten Acetophenonen mit Dimethyl-methylsuccinatDie Kondensation von 3,4-Dimethyl-, 3,4-Dimethoxy- und 3,4-Dichloracetophenon mit Dimethylsuccinat in Gegenwart von Kalium-t-butylat lieferte in jedem Fall ölige Gemische der stereoisomeren Halbester 1 und 2. Während die (E)-Halbester 1 zu den entsprechenden 1-Acetoxy-3-nahpthoesäureestern 5 cyclisiert werden konnten, ergaben die (Z)-Halbester 2 unter den gleichen Bedingungen die entsprechenden 3-Oxo-inden-2-(α-subst.)-essigsäuren 7.Das Isomerenverhältnis wird mit sterischen Wechselwirkungen in den γ-Lacton-Zwischenprodukten 8 erklärt.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210108
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    Die Reaktion von α,β-Dihalogen-propionitrilen mit monosubstituierten Hydrazinen - einfache Synthese 1-substituierter 3- bzw. 5-Amino-pyrazole (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 93-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Reaction of α,β-Dihalogeno-propionitriles with Monosubstituted Hydrazines  -  A Simple Synthesis of 1-Substituted 3- or 5-Amino-pyrazolesIn methanol hydrazines 3, and α,β-dihalogeno-propionitriles 1, 2 even at 0°C irreversibly yield 3 · HX, and α-halogenoacrylonitriles 4, 5 (A1). Fast addition of alkyl- and aralkyl- hydrazines 3 to 4, 5 (C) gives 1-substituted 1-(2′-halogeno-2′-cyan-ethyl)-hydrazines 6, the addition of arylhydrazines 3 to 4, 5 (D) 1-aryl-2-(2′-halogeno-2′-cyan-ethyl)-hydrazines 8. In methanol 6 spontaneously cyclise (E) to hydrogen halides 7 · HX of 1-alkyl- and 1-aralkyl-3-amino-pyrazoles, 8 with 2 moles of acids (F) to salts 10 · 2HY of 1-aryl-4-halogeno-5-imino-pyrazolidines, and the free 10 spontaneously (G) to hydrogen halides 9 · HX of 1-aryl-5-amino-pyrazoles. Mechanisms (A1), (C), (D), (E), (F), and (G) are proved by t.l.c., 1H-n.m.r., and isolation of intermediates, the structures of 7 resp. 9, using the significant 1H-n.m.r.-parameter ΔHMPTCDCl3. Simple general syntheses are described for 3-amino-pyrazoles 7 (R = H, alkyl, aralkyl) or 5-amino-pyrazoles 9 (R = aryl) starting with α,β-dihalogeno-propionitriles 1, 2, and for α-bromo-acrylonitrile 5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210112
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    Identifizierung und Bestimmung von Nebenprodukten der Acrylnitrilsynthese (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 137-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Identification and Determination of Byproducts of the Acrylonitrile Synthesis
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210120
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    Synthesis of Hexa-coordinated Ketimine Derivatives of Germanium(IV) (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 141-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthese von hexakoordinierten Ketiminderivaten des Germanium(IV)
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210121
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    Improved Synthesis of 4,6-Diamino-2-nitro-m-xylene by Reduction of 2,4,6-Trinitro-m-xylene (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 175-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Verbesserte Synthese von 4,6-Diamino-2-nitro-m-xylen durch Reduktion von 2,4,6-trinitro-m-xylen
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210127
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    Quantenchemische Untersuchung der Cycloaddition von Phenol an Phenylcyanat als Beispiel für das Studium von MO-Korrelationsdiagrammen im Falle der Abwesenheit von Symmetrieelementen im Übergangskomplex (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 186-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Quantum Chemical Investigation of the Cycloaddition of Phenol to Phenylcyanate as an Example for the Study of M.O. Correlation Diagrams of Systems without Symmetry Elements in the Transition State.There is experimental evidence, that the N-monomethylaniline-catalyzed addition of phenol to phenylcyanate proceeds via a six-membered, cyclic transition state, in which N-mono-methylaniline is involved, whose presence as a catalyst is necessary. In the present work is investigated by quantumchemical considerations, whether an analogy can be found between this reaction and a symmetry-allowed [2 + 4]cycloaddition of π-systems. Using the CNDO/2-method an energy curve has been calculated, having only a small activation barrier. The wavefunctions at some points of the reaction coordinate have been localized to bond orbitals, which are then taken into some linear combinations. These do not show any change of their nodal behaviour at points belonging to the starting resp. to the final state of the reaction. This shows, that the above mentioned analogy is valid. For the [2 + 2]cycloaddition in absence of the catalyst, on the contrary, the energy curve shows a very high activation energy, and the nodal behaviour of the combined localized orbitals is changed on passing from the starting to the final state.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210203
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    Massenspektroskopie von Naturstoffen. I. Vergleichende Anionen-Kationen-Massenspektroskopie von 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosylestern (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 243-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mass Spectroscopy of Natural Compounds. I.Comparative Investigation of Anion-Cation Mass Spectra of 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl EstersThe electron attachment mass spectra (anion mass spectra) of 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl esters with different structures of the acids are discussed and compared with the corresponding electron impact spectra. In contrast to the cation mass spectra the molecular ion peak appears in all the anion mass spectra.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210209
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    Über die Säuren HOOCCH(SX)CH(SX)COOH (X = CH2COOH, C6H5) und ihre Methylester (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 267-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Acids HOOCCH(SX)CH(SX)COOH (X = CH2COOH, C6H5) and their Methyl EstersThe acids HOOCCH(SX)CH(SX)COOH with X = CH2COOH and C6H5 and their methyl esters have been prepared by addition of thiols to acetylene dicarboxylic acid as salt and methyl ester. The structures and configurations have been discussed.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210212
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    Synthese von 3 verkürzten, mehrfach durch Ala substituierten Analogen der Insulin-B-Kette in geschützter Form (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 308-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of 3 Shortened, Repeatedly by Ala Substituted Analogues of the Insulin B Chain in Protected FormStarting from the previously described fragments of the insulin B chain with native or partielly modified amino acid sequence, the 3 terminal shortened, additionally in several positions by Ala respectively in position 6 by Val substituted analogues B1-27(Ala9, Ala10, Ala27), B4-27-(Ala4, Ala9, Ala10, Ala27) (1) and B4-27(Ala4, Val6, Ala9, Ala10, Ala27) were prepared in protected form.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210217
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    Zum Extraktionsverhalten langkettiger Alkansulfonate (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 323-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Concerning the Extractive Behaviour of Long-chain Alkanesulphonates
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210220
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  • 40
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    Synthesis of Some New Fluorine Containing Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 341-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Potentiell psychopharmakologische Verbindungen. II. Synthese einiger neuer fluorhaltiger Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210224
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    K. Weissermel, H.-J. Arpe: Industrielle Organische Chemie - Bedeutende Vor- und Zwischenprodukte. 1. Aufl., XII, 378 S., 20 Klapptafeln, 32 Tab., 24,5 × 18 cm. Weinheim, New York: Verlag Chemie, 1976. Leinen, 68,-DM (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 350-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210228
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  • 42
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    Synthese von Triorgano-amido-arsen-, -antimon- und -wismut-halogenidenHerrn Prof. Dr. Günter Hilgetag zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 370-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of Triorgano-amido-arsenic-, -antimony- and -bismuthhalidesThe preparation of some triorgano-amido-metalhalides by addition of various N-haloamides to organometallic compounds of the type R3M (M = As, Sb, Bi) in polar aprotic solvents under mild conditions is described. The properties of these derivatives are studied. In solution equilibriums of triorgano-amido-antimonyhalides, the corresponding dihalides, and diamido compounds are existing, as we proved by 1H-n.m.r.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210304
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    Zur Photochromie von ortho-Nitrobenzylpyridinen in unterkühlter Schmelze (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 404-406 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Photochromism of the o-Nitrobenzylpyridines in Supercooled Melts2-(2′, 4′-dinitrobenzyl)-pyridines 1 a-g and 4-(2′,4′-dinitrobenzyl)-pyridine 2 form supercooled melts which are photochromic on u.v.-irradiation. The photochromism and the kinetic stability of the coloured form in supercooled melts are quite different from the behaviour in ethanolic solution. The differences are explained on the basis of a polymethin constitution of the coloured form.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210308
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  • 44
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    Cyclisierungsreaktionen von 1-[2-Amino-1-cyan-2-thio-]ethylen-pyridiniumbetainen (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 429-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cyclization Reactions of 1-[2-amino-1-cyano-2-thio-]ethenepyridinium Ylides1-[2-Amino-1-cyano-2-thio-]ethene-pyridinium ylides 1 can be alkylated with methyliodide or α-haloesters and α-haloketones, respectively, to form 1-[2-alkyl(aryl)amino-1-cyano-2-methylthio-ethene-1]pyridinium iodides 2a--e or 1-[2-alkyl(aryl)-amino-1-cyano-2-alkoxy(aryl)-carbonylmethylthio-ethene-1] pyridinium salts 3a-f. With the exception of 3a-b the compounds 3 or 1 react with haloketones to yield 1-[4-amino-2-alkyl-(aryl)amino-5-benzoyl-thiene-3]pyridinium salts 4a-m or 3-alkyl-4-aryl-2-(1-cyano-1-pyridinium)methylene-Δ4-thiazoline salts 5a-f.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210312
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  • 45
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    Desaktivierungsverhalten von Arenen und Heteroarenen. XVII. Löschung der Fluoreszenz von Kationen durch Anionen (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 420-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Deactivation Behaviour of Arenes and Heteroarenes. XVII. Fluorescence Quenching of Cations by AnionsFluorescence quenching, caused by cation-anion interaction in the excited state, was investigated for the combinations of 13 acridinium and acridizinium ions (fluorophors) and chloride, bromide and iodide (quenchers). The obtained dependence of rate constants of dynamic quenching process on the acceptor properties of cations in the case of chloride is interpreted by the model of electron transfer in the encounter state. The resulting limit-rate constants of quenching are greater than those of diffusion of neutral molecules, caused by the Coulomb-interaction between cation and anion.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210311
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  • 46
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    Propellanes. I. 3,6,10,13-Tetrathia(4,5,11,12-trans-dicyclohexano)-(6,6,1)propellane (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 437-442 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Propellane. I. 3,6,10,13-Tetrathia(4,5,11,12-trans-dicyclohexano)-(6,6,1)propellanDurch Reaktion des 1,1,2,2-Tetrabrommethylcyclopropans mit trans-1,2-Dimercaptocyclohexan wurde die tricyclische Verbindung 1 mit Propellan-Struktur erhalten. Die Struktur dieser Verbindung wurde mit Hilfe spektroskopischer Daten und der Fragmentierung der Massenspektren ermittelt. Für die beiden achtgliedrigen Ringe wird eine “twist-crown” Konformation vorgeschlagen. Die Oxidation des (6,6,1)Propellans 1 führt zu dem entsprechenden Tetrasulfon, in dem der Cyclopropan-Ring erhalten bleibt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210313
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    MO-LCAO-Berechnungen an Polymethinen. XI Lokale spektrale Anregungen in polynuclearen CyaninfarbstoffenX. Mitt.: H. Hartmann, J. Signalaufzeichnungsmaterialien, im Druck; IX. Mitt.: [1]. (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 449-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: MO-LCAO Calculations on Polymethines. XI. Local Spectral Excitations in Polynuclear Cyanine DyesVarious branched-conjugated cyanine dyes display long-wavelength absorption bands similar in position to those of their straight-chain substructures. According to the analysis of results of PPP-type calculations this close similarity results from a partial localization of the electronic transitions, whereas the participating electronic states are highly delocalized. The long-wavelength absorptions of symmetrically-branched trinuclear cyanine dyes have an entire molecular chromophore origin resulting from twofold degenerate electronic transitions. Lowering of the symmetry brings about a splitting of the colour-band.In contrast to the branched-conjugated cyanine dyes various tetranuclear cyanine dyes can be considered as being composed of two subchromophores either directly linked or joined through a conjugative bridge. In accordance with PPP configuration analyses and LHM-type calculations the splitting of the colour band is best understood by composite-molecule approaches. In this context the applicability of the simple molecular exciton theory is discussed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210315
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    Transformation of 4-Hydroxy-5-Nitro-4,5-Dihydrothymine under Alkaline ConditionsArbeitsvorschriften und Meßergebnisse. This work was partly supported by International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, under Contract 1691-RB. (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 513-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Umwandlung von 4-Hydroxy-5-nitro-4,5-dihydrothymin unter alkalischen Bedingungen
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210321
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  • 49
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    Studies on ylides: Reaction of N-Phenacylpyridinium Bromide with Aromatic Diazonium Salts (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 519-521 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Untersuchungen an Yliden: Reaktion von N-Phenacylpyridiniumbromiden mit aromatischen Diazoniumsalzen
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210323
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  • 50
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    Isostere Adsorptionswärme des Ethans an Zeolithen vom Typ NaX und NaY (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 541-543 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Isosteric Heat of Adsorption of n-Ethane on Zeolites NaX and NaYUsing a volumetric method isotherms of adsorption of ethane on zeolites NaX and NaY were measured. The Clausius-Clapeyron equation was used to calculate the isosteric heat of adsorption of the paraffin on both molecular-sieves. These enthalpies show a linear dependence of the amount of adsorbed molecules. The zeolite with the higher charge density shows a larger heat of adsorption. The difference in the heat of adsorption is explained by adsorption on different centers in the cavity of both zeolites.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210404
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    Die Reaktion von E-ß-Nitro-styrolen mit Pyrazolidon-(3)-azomethiniminen - eine nicht-cisoide 1,3-dipolare Cycloaddition (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 555-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Reaction of E-ß-Nitro-styrenes with 3-Pyrazolidone-azomethinimines - a Non-cisoid 1,3-Dipolar CycloadditionNormal flipping at both ring-N-atoms postulated, the thermal addition of E-β-nitro-5a or E-(4-chloro-β-nitro)-styrene 5b to 3-pyrazolidone-azomethinimine-1,3-dipoles 4a or 4b formally can yield 8 isomeric pairs of enantiomers, 4 of which are “permitted”(cisoid) and 4 of which are “forbidden” according to the concerted [π4s + π2s]-mechanism. If the addition of 5 to 4 is regiospecific, 2 “permitted”(cisoid) (1 and 6) and 2 “forbidden”(3 and 10) isomers are conceivable. From pure 5a and 4a we regiospecifically got 1ref,3trans-diphenyl-2cis-nitro-6a (75%) and 1ref,3trans-diphenyl-2trans-nitro-5-oxo-perhydropyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol 10a (25%), from 5b and 4b the corresponding bis(4-chloro-phenyl)-isomers 6b and 10b. The sodium salts 8a, b, gained from 6a, b and 10a, b, are identical. With H⊕ (D⊕) in water (D2O) 8a, b give 6a, b (2-deutero-6a, b = 7a, b). The 1H-n.m.r. spectra of 6a, b, 7a, b, 8a, b, 10a, b, and of the 2-amino-isomers 11a/12a, corresponding to 6a/10a, are discussed.For the first time products of a non-cisoid 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (10a, b) were isolated. In the discussion (E ⇌ Z)-isomerization of 5a, and conceivable mechanisms of isomerizations 6a → 10a are excluded. Theoretical consequences are suggested.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210407
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    Die Charakterisierung der strahlungslosen Desaktivierung des ersten Singulett-Anregungszustandes von N-Methylacridon mittels Triplett-sensibilisierter (E) → (Z)-Photoisomerisierung von (E)-Stilben (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 587-600 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Characterization of the Radiationless Deactivation of the Lowest Excited Singlet State of N-Methylacridone by Means of the Triplet Sensitized (E) → (Z) Photoisomerization of (E)-StilbeneThe (E) → (Z) isomerization of (E)-stilbene photosensitized by N-methylacridone (A) has been studied under anaerobic conditions at 298 K in dependence on the solvent as well as the concentration of iodoethane as heavy atomquencher. For the experimental conditions the quantum yield of the triplet-triplet energy transfer 3A* → 3E* is unity and the photoreaction is homogenous.The ISC quantum yield of the sensitizer N-methylacridone was determined from the initial slopes of the plotted concentration-time functions in the solvents methanol, N-methylformamide, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, benzene and tetrachloromethane, respectively. The comparison of the ISC quantum yields ψisc and the quantum yields of fluorescence ψf indicate that ψf + ψisc = 1 is true for the used solvents; the IC process is negligible.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210411
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    Kristallin-flüssige Thiazole (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 643-654 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Liquid Crystal ThiazolesThe synthesis of 2,4- and 2,5-disubstituted thiazoles is described and their melting and clearing points are investigated. The influence of the thiazole ring system on the formation of crystalline-liquid phases is discussed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210417
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    Modellrechnungen zum Gegenioneneinfluß auf die kationische Polymerisation; Geometrieoptimierung und Verhalten gemischter Halogenoantimonate SbClnBr-6-n (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 665-670 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Model Calculations on the Counterion Effect in the Cationic Polymerization; Geometry Optimization and Behaviour of the Mixed Halogenoantimonates SbClnBr-n-6.The CNDO/2 method including geometry optimization with respect to the energy has been applied to calculate the structure and the electronic properties of the complex anions SbClnBr-6-n. Independently on the composition of the anions the bond lengths Sb-X (X = Cl, Br) remain those of the pure antimonates.The HOMOs are delocalized over the ligand sphere. They mainly contain components of Br and are lifted by increasing Br amount. The LUMOs have central atom character and are lowered by Br. Charge distribution and Wiberg bond indices indicate extra easy cleavage of the Sb-Br bond if Cl holds a trans position to Br. The computed data agree with spectral properties, the acceptor behaviour and the decay trend of the antimonates SbClnBr-6-n.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210419
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    Reaktionen offenkettiger und cyclischer Keten-S,S-acetale gegenüber Aminen (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 699-703 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reactions of Open Chain and Cyclic Ketene-S,S-acetales with Amines
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210426
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    Masthead (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210501
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    Halogenlipide. III. Alkyl-glyceryl-ether-Analoga (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 775-786 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Halogenolipids. III. Alkyl Glyceryl Ether AnaloguesSynthesis of the halogeno analogues of alkyl glycerol ether, 3-fluoro-1-O-hexadecyl-(octadecyl)-propane-1, 2-diol, 2-fluoro-1-O-hexadecyl(octadecyl)-propane-1, 3-diol, 2-chloro-1-O-hexadecyl-propane-1,3-diol and 3-fluoro-2-O-hexadecyl-propane-1,2-diol, which are of interest as potential cytostatic agents, is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210509
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    Synthesis of N-(Formylphenyl)- and N-(Acetophenyl) Derivatives of Urea and Carbamic Acid (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 804-812 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthese von N-(Formylphenyl)- und N-(Acetophenyl) Derivaten des Harnstoffs und der CarbaminsäureAminobenzaldehyde und Aminoacetophenone reagieren in Gegenwart von tertiären Aminen, z. B. Pyridin oder Triethylamin, mit Alkylchloroformiaten und Alkylisocyanaten zu den entsprechenden N-(Formylphenyl)- und N-(Acetophenyl)-Derivaten des Harnstoffs 2a-p bzw. der Carbaminsäure 1a-u. Aminobenzaldehyde und Aminoacetophenone reagieren nicht mit N,N-Dialkylcarbamoylchloriden.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210512
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    Anwendung von Relaxationsreagenzien in der quantitativen 13C-NMR-Spektroskopie (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 859-864 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Application of Relaxation Reagents in the 13C-NMR Quantitative AnalysisIn 13C-PFT-n.m.r. spectrum, the intensities of different signals become almost equal on adding Cr(acac)3 as a relaxation reagent. An intensity ratio precisely corresponding to the number of the adjacent carbon atoms can be reached only with infinitely high concentrations of Cr(acac)3. By means of a linearized function, it is possible to give an extrapolation to this infinitely high concentration. In this way, a quantitative 13C-n.m.r. analysis can be obtained routinely. The method does not require calibration, the standard deviation amounts to about 10% (rel.).
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210517
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    J. Ulbricht, Grundlagen der Synthese von Polymeren, 260 S., 59 Abb., 39 Tab., Berlin: Akademie-Verlag 1978. Leinen,25, - M (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 878-878 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210521
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    Allgemeine Synthesen und rationelle Strukturparameter isomerer Derivate von [3,4]-kondensierten Pyrazolen (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 881-898 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: General Syntheses and Rational Parameters for Structural Assignment of Isomeric Derivatives of [3,4]-fused Pyrazoles4 isomeric 1- or 2-methyl-, and 1- or 2-benzyl-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridones, i.e. the 4-oxo-types 17a, b or 11a, b and the 6-oxo-types 16a, b or 10a, b, are synthesized unambiguously. Cyclisation of 1-substituted 3- or 5-(1-methyl-2-ethoxycarbonyl-vinylamino)-pyrazoles 9a, b or. 15a, b, which were synthesized from 1-substituted 3- or 5-amino-pyrazoles and ethyl acetoacetate yields 11a, b or 17a, b in downtherm, but 10a, b or 16a, b in presence of acidic catalysts. The acidic cyclisation is preceded by a new rearrangement of 9 or 15 into 1- substituted 3- 27 or 5-amino-4-(1-methyl-2-ethoxycarbonyl-vinyl)-pyrazoles 30; mechanism and concurring reactions are explained. Because of their higher electron densities at C-4 it is easier to cyclise derivatives of 5-amino-pyrazoles compared to 3-amino-pyrazoles. All isomeric 1- or 2-substituted 4(6)-chloro-6(4)-methyl-pyrazolo-[3,4-b]pyridines are formed with POCl3 from the corresponding oxo-compounds.The position of a substituent at N-1 or N-2 of [3,4]-fused pyrazoles can be assigned using the significant 1H-n.m.r.-parameter ΔHMPTCDCL3 = δCDCl3  -  - δHMPT (conc. HC - 3). If solvent influences are considered, δ(C = O) is a useful 13C-n.m.r.-parameter to distinguish the 4-oxo-types (11a, b; 17a, b) from the 6-oxo-types (10a, b; 16a, b) of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridones. Further own and lit. dates conc. structural assignment (n.m.r., i.r., u.v.) are discussed critically.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210602
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    New possibilities of applying of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)ethane for the synthesis of self-extinguishing and thermo-resistant polyurethane or polyurea resins (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 921-927 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Neue Möglichkeiten zur Verwendung von 1,1,1-Trichlor-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethan für die Darstellung von selbstlöschenden und wärmebeständigen Polyurethan- und PolyharnstoffharzenEs werden Reaktionen zur Darstellung von 1,1,1-Trichlor-2,2-bis(4-chlor-3-aminophenyl)ethan, 1,1-Dichlor-2,2-bis(4-chlor-3-isocyanatophenyl)ethylen und 1,1,1-Trichlor-2,2-bis(4-chlor-3,5-diaminophenyl)ethan aus 1,1,1-Trichlor-2,2-bis(4-chlorphenyl)ethan beschrieben. Die Polyadditionsprodukte der Diisocyanate mit Diolen und Diaminen werden durch Derivatographie charakterisiert.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210606
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  • 63
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    Massenspektren alicyclischer Verbindungen. VI. Massenspektrometrisches Fragmentierungsverhalten von Chloressigsäurediestern des trans-1,4-Cyclohexandiols (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 953-958 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mass Spectra of Alicyclic Compounds. VI. Mass Spectrometric Fragmentation of Chloroacetic Esters of the trans-1,4-CyclohexanediolThe electron impact mass spectra of some chloroacetic esters of trans-1,4-cyclo-hexanediol and of cyclohexanol are discussed.It was found that the fragmentation process in these compounds is determined by the number of chlorine atoms in the acid and the interactions between the two functional groups.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210610
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  • 64
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    Chemische Synthese der Oligonucleotide dpG-A-T-A-T-C, dpG-A-T-C-T-T-T-T und dpT-T-T-C-A-T-C-A-T (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 987-999 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chemical Synthesis of the Oligonucleotides dpG-A-T-A-T-C, dpG-A-T-C-T-T-T-T and dpT-T-T-C-A-T-C-A-TFor studies of some sequence dependent structural factors the oligonucleotides dpG-A-T-A-T-C, dpG-A-T-C-T-T-T-T and dpT-T-T-C-A-T-C-A-T were required. Their chemical synthesis is reported according to the diester method.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210614
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  • 65
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    Zur Reaktion von o-Halogenbenzylcyaniden mit Schwefelkohlenstoff und Phenylisothiocyanat (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 1021-1028 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reaction of o-Halobenzyl Cyanides with Carbon Disulfide and Phenyl IsothiocyanateStarting from o-halobenzyl cyanides 1 and carbon disulfide in the presence of sodium hydride dithiolates 3 are prepared, which are not isolated. Alkylation under cooling gives ketene S, S-acetals 4, while on heating at 100°C benzo[b]thiophenes 6 are obtained. Nitrile cyclisation yields thieno[2, 3-b]benzothiophene 7. Reaction of 1 with phenyl isothiocyanate/sodium hydride and subsequent alkylation leads to the ketene S, N-acetals 13 und to the thiazolidines 15.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210618
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  • 66
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    Reactions with acetonedicarboxylic dianilides. I. Reactions at the Carbonyl Group (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 1047-1052 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reaktionen mit Acetondicarbonsäure-Dianiliden. I. Reaktionen an der Carbonylgruppe
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210622
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  • 67
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    Masthead (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210101
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  • 68
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    Action of Grignard Reagents on Mixed Biimides (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 8-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reaktion von Grignardverbindungen mit gemischten DiimidenN-Phthalimidosukzinimid 1 und N-Phthalimidomaleinsäureimid 2 entstehen aus N-Aminophthalimid und Succzinsäure- bzw. Maleinsäureanhydrid. 1 reagiert mit Grignardverbindungen zu den 3, 3-disubstituierten Phthaliden 3 und N-Aminosucczinimid. 2 reagiert mit Grignardverbindungen ebenfalls zu den Phthaliden 3 und einem schwer zu reinigenden Verbindungsgemisch. N-Phthalimidomaleinsäureimid 2 reagiert leicht mit Diazoalkanen und Stickstoffwasserstoffsäure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210103
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  • 69
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    Über die Verwendung von Nitrosomesitylen als Spin-Trap (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 112-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: On the Use of Nitrosomesitylene as a Spin Trap2, 4, 6-Trimethylnitrosobenzene (nitrosomesitylene) has been tested for spin trapping of radicals. The rate constant for trapping of tert. butyl radicals by nitrosomesitylene has been estimated to be (1.2 ± 0.3) · 108 mole-1 dm3 s-1.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210115
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  • 70
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    Untersuchungen zur Sulfochlorierung von Paraffinen. IV. Über die Sulfochlorierung von Isobutan (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 107-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Studies on Sulphochlorination of Paraffins. IV. On the Sulphochlorination of IsobutaneIn the sulphochlorination of isobutane at -20 to -10°C a mixture of 20-25% tert.-butyl and 75-80% of isobutyl sulphochlorides is formed. The mixture has been analyzed by 1H- and by 13C-n.m.r.-spectroscopy. It is possible to transform the mixture of sulphochlorides into mixtures of the corresponding sulphonates, sulphonic acid methyl esters or sulphonic acid demithylamides. During the work-up of the sulphochlorination mixtures it is necessary to keep the temperature low, because tertiary butyl sulphochloride is desulphonated at a noticeable rate already at temperatures above 35°C.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210114
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  • 71
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    Synthese und Reaktionen von 2-[Bis-(alkylthio)-methyliden]-indan-1,3-dionen (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 205-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis and Reactions of 2-[Bis-(alkylthio)-methyliden]-indan-1,3-dionesThe 2-[bis-(alkylthio)-methyliden]-indan-1,3-diones 3 and especially the methyl-compound 3a react with nucleophiles by substitution of the CH3—S—group. The reaction with amines are yields the S,N— or N,N-acetales 7 and 8, respectively. Diamines, amino hydroxy- or amino-mercapto compounds as dinucleophiles give the cyclic compounds 9 or the condensed heterocycles 12 and 16, where the carbonyl group has been integrated in the cyclisation. Also carbanions react with 3a under substitution. The structures of the final products are determined with ir-, 1H-n.m.r.- and ms-spectra.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210205
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  • 72
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    Synthesekontrolle und Charakterisierung höherer Peptide durch Anwendung der 13C-NMR-Spektroskopie (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 231-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Control of Synthesis and Characterization of Higher-Molecular Peptides by Means of 13C n.m.r. SpectroscopyThe 13C n.m.r. spectra of the C-terminal bovine insulin decapeptide derivative Boc-Glu(OBzl)-Arg(H+)-Gly-Phe-Phe-Tyr(Bzl)-Thr(Bzl)-Pro-Lys(Z)-Ala-OBzl as well as the amino acid and peptide intermediates used in its synthesis, have been measured and assigned as extensively as possible. The use of 13C n.m.r. spectroscopy as a method for controlling the synthesis and for the characterization of higher-molecular peptides is discussed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210208
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  • 73
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    Photokatalytische Systeme. XVIXV. Mitteilung s.: D. Rehorek, Radiochem. Radioanalyt. Letters, 33, 195 (1978).. Photooxidation von Octacyanomolybdat(IV) durch langwellige Anregung (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 159-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Photocatalytic Systems. XVI. Photo-oxidation of Octacyano Molybdate (IV) by Excitation in the Long-Wave Range
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210123
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  • 74
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    Phasenumwandlungen von kristallin-flüssigen Modifikationen durch photochemische Isomerisierung (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 197-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Phase Transitions of Liquid Crystalline Modifications by Photochemical IsomerisationOn irradiating of liquid crystalline phases of aromatic azo- and azoxy-compounds, stilbenes or of derivatives of cinnamic acid by light of appropriate wave lengths the liquid crystalline phase will be converted into the isotropic liquid. In case of the azo- and azoxy-compounds studied this process is reversible, in case of the stilbene and cinnamic acid derivatives partially irreversible. The experimental results indicate that the photoinduced phase transition is caused by a trans-cis-isomerisation. For azo-compounds with more liquid crystalline phases also photoinduced transitions are possible between different liquid crystalline phases.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210204
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  • 75
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    Umsetzung von 1-(2-Benzoxazolon-3-yl)-2-propanonen mit Hydrazinhydrat (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 226-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reaction of 1-(2-Benzoxazolon-3-yl)-2-propanones with Hydrazinhydrate. The reaction of 1-(2-benzoxazolon-3-yl)-2-propanones 1a-g with hydrazinhydrate is studied. It is shown that according to the reactional conditions are obtained hydrazones 2a-b, azines 4a-b and 6-Methyl-4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazine-3-ones 6a-g. The structure of the products is discussed on the base of i.r. and n.m.r.-spectras.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210207
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  • 76
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    Preparation and Reactions of Some 5-Chloropyrazoles (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 127-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Darstellung und Reaktionen einiger 5-Chlorpyrazole
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210117
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  • 77
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    Herstellung von aliphatischen Diisocyanaten ohne Anwendung von Phosgen (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 161-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Preparation of Aliphatic Diisocyanates without Using of PhosgeneDas Hauptausgangsmaterial für die Synthese des modernen Typs von Polyurethanlacken, die gegen das Licht widerstandsfähig sind, bilden die aliphatischen Diisocyanate [1-4]. Diese Verbindungen werden im größeren Maßstab durch Phosgenierung entsprechender Diamine gewonnen. Die Methode ist aber für Mensch und Umgebung gefährlich [5].
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210124
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  • 78
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    E. Breitmaier, G. Bauer: 13C-NMR-Spektroskopie - Eine Arbeitsanleitung mit Übungen. 1. Aufl., X, 401 S., 33 Abb., 20 Tab., 17 × 24 cm, Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 1977. brosch 36,-DM (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 349-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210226
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    α-Substituierte Phosphonate. XXXIV. Zur Veresterung und N-Formylierung von α-Aminomethan-bisphosphonsäuren mit OrthoameisensäuretriethylesterHerrn Prof. Dr. Günther Hilgetag zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 361-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: α-Substituted Phosphonates. XXXIV. Esterification and N-Formylation of α-Aminomethane-bisphosphonic Acids with TriethylorthoformateIn contrast to simple mono- and bisphosphonic acids esterification of dialkylaminomethanebisphosphonic acids with orthoformate (OAE) proceeds very slowly. Monoalkyl and monoarylaminomethanebisphosphonic acids, respectively react with OAE in constrast to analogous hydroxy compounds more readily primarily by formylating the N-atom and then esterification to formyl aminomethane bisphosphonictetraesters 10. Acetaminomethanephosphonic acid (12) reacts without N-formylation, while the aminomethanebisphosphonic acid (14) reacted to give a mixture of mono- and bis-formylated products 15 and 16. By acidic hydrolysis of 10 the ester- and formylgroups are splitt off, while the ester group can selectively be removed by reaction with Me3SiBr/H2O. - As shown by 1H-, 13C- and 31P-n.m.r. spectroscopy the phosphorylated formamides 10 exists in two rotameres, the ratio depending on the solvent. The n.m.r. signals could be correlated to E-resp. Z-form undoubtedly by using shift-agents or the benzene-diluting technique. A rotational barrier of 22,8 kcal for 10c could be calculated.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210303
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    Cyansäureester, 27 [1]. Triazino-benzimidazole aus 2-Amino-benzimidazol-1-imidsäureestern und carbonylanalogen VerbindungenHerrn Professor Dr. Günther Hilgetag zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet. (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 379-386 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cyanic Acid Esters. 27. Triazino-benzimidazoles from 2-Amino-benzimidazole-1-imid-esters and Carbonyl Analogic CompoundsThe Cyclocondensation of 2-amino-benzimidazole-1-imid-esters with aldehydes, carbonic acid anhydrides and isocyanates has been investigated. With aldehydes in the presence of piperidine 4-aryloxy-1,2-dihydro-1,3,5-triazino[1,2-a]benzimidazoles 3 and with carbonic acid anhydrides 4-aryloxy-1,3,5-triazino[1,2-a]benzimidazoles 5 are formed. Isocyanates react with the imid esters to the corresponding 3-substituted ureas 8 which on heating undergo acyl migration of the carbamoyl group followed by cyclocondensation to 4-imino-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazino[1,2-a]benzimidazoles 12.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210305
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    Kennen Sei Beilstein ? Erläuterungen zu Beilsteins Handbuch der Organischen Chemie. Hrsg. Beilstein-Institut Frankfurt/Main. 1. Aufl., 36 S., 4 Tab., 16,5 × 24 cm, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer-Verlag, 1978. brosch (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 349-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210227
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    Kurzzeitspektroskopische Untersuchungen an photochromen N-substituierten Dinitrobenzylpyridinen (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 415-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Short-Time Spectroscopic Investigations of Photochromic N-Substituted DinitrobenzylpyridinesBy means of nanosecond laser absorption spectroscopy of N-substituted photochromic dinitrobenzylpyridines is shown that in polar solvents the long wave absorbing polymethin coloured form forms independently on the electronic properties of the substituents at the pyridine nitrogen. The polymethin is formed either directly or via the nitronic acid immediately after irradiation by the laser impulse (20 ns). In nonpolar solvents, on the other hand, the polymethin is only produced if the substituent (e.g. in N-oxide 6) is able to bind the hydrogen splitted from the methylen group by photoreaction. If this is impossible (e.g. N-Methyl-compound 5) only absorption of nitronic acid occur.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210310
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    Katodische Reduktion von Keten-S,S-acetalen (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 443-448 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cathodic Reduction of Ketene S,S-acetalsKetene S,S-acetals are reduced in protic media by the cleavage of one S-alkyl group. The resulting carbanion either may be protonated or reacts with the starting material to yield dimers. The effects of different substituents on the half-wave potentials and the rate constants of amination have been investigated.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210314
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    Photokatalytische Systeme. XXI. Zum Mechanismus der Photoreduktion von Kaliumchromat in AlkoholenXX. Mitt.: D. Rehorek, Z. Chem., im Druck, zugleich V. Mitt. über Photo- und Thermoredoxreaktionen von Chrom(VI)-Verbindungen, IV. Mitt.: D. Rehorek u. R. Wagener, Z. Chem., im Druck. (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 466-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Photocatalytic Systems. XXI. On the Mechanism of the Photoreduction of Potassium Chromate in AlcoholsThe photolysis of crown ether complexes of potassium chromate in several alcohols has been investigated by e.s.r.-spectroscopy. Two different relatively long-lived Cr(V) intermediates formed by different reaction pathways have been observed. Radicalic oxidation products of the alcohols (alkoxy and hydroxyalkyl radicals as well as fragmentation products) and of the crown ether have been detected by spin trapping.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210316
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    Vilsmeier-Reaktion an Dimedon (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 671-674 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Vilsmeier-Reaction on Dimedone.The Vilsmeier-reaction has been studied in detail for a special cyclic β-diketone, dimedone. It was shown, that the first step in this reaction is the formation of the corresponding β-chlorovinylketone. 3-Chloro-5,5-dimethyl-cyclohex-2-en-one-(1) 2, 2,4-dichloro-6,6-dimethyl-1-formyl-cyclohexa-1,3-diene 3 und 2,4-dichloro-1,5-diformyl-6,6-dimethyl-cyclohexa-1,4-diene 4 were isolated in equal parts. The symmetrical enolether 6 was identified as condensation-product of the diformylated compound 5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210420
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  • 86
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    Electronic Resource
    Mixed Coordination Compounds of Silicon(IV) with nitrogen, sulphur and oxygen containing Schiff bases (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 683-690 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Koordinationsverbindungen des vierwertigen Siliziums mit stickstoff-, schwefel- und sauerstoffhaltigen Schiffschen Basen
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210423
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  • 87
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    G. Geiseler, H. Seidel: Die Wasserstoffbrückenbindung. 1. Aufl., 219S., 72Abb., 27 Tab., Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1977. (WTB), 8, - M (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 704-704 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210427
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  • 88
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    Electronic Resource
    Stobbe Condensation of Aromatic Aldehydes with Diethyl Diglycollate (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 741-746 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Stobbe-Kondensation von aromatischen Aldehyden mit DiethyldiglycollatPiperonal, p-Tolylaldehyd und p-Chlorbenzaldehyd kondensieren mit Diethyldiglycollat in Gegenwart von Natriumhydrid zu den entsprechenden Z-Halbestern 1 und den Diarylidendicarbonsäuren 2 und 3. Strukturen und Konfigurationen der Produkte wurden durch chemische und spektroskopische Methoden untersucht.
    Notes: Piperonal, p-tolualdehyde, and p-chlorobenzaldehyde condense with diethyl diglycollate in the presence of sodium hydride to give predominantly the corresponding (Z)-half-esters 1. together with smaller yields of the diarylidene diacids 2 and 3. The structure and configuration of the products was established by chemical and spectroscopic evidence.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210505
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  • 89
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    Electronic Resource
    Synthese von Substanz P und acylierten Teilsequenzen (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 721-740 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of Substance P and of Acylated Partial SequencesSubstance P undecapeptide has been synthesized by the stepwise procedure and via condensation of the fragments 1-4 and 5-11. Formation of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid- and S-tert. butyl peptides was observed. Gln(Mbh)-containing sequences have been synthesized but were not useful for fragment condensation due to there low solubility. Additionally, some derivatives have been prepared by acylation of the C-terminal pentapeptide. Reaction with trifluoracetic acid anhydride resulted in the formation of substituted 5-amino-oxazole derivatives as detected by mass spectrometric investigation.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210504
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  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Halogenlipide. II. Zur Synthese und massenspektrometrischen Charakterisierung von 2-O-Acyl-3-halogen-propan-1,2-diolen (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 769-774 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Halogenolipids. II. Problems of Synthesis and Mass Spectrometric Characterization of 2-O-acyl-3-halogeno-propane-1,2-diols3-Fluoro- and 3-chloro-2-O-palmitoyl-propane-1, 2-diol 2a, b were prepared by acylation of 3-fluoro- and 3-chloro-1-O-trityl-propane-1, 2-diol with palmitoyl chloride in pyridine and subsequent detritylation of the resulting 3-fluoro- and 3-chloro-2-O-palmitoyl-3-O-trityl-propane-1, 2-diol.3-chloro-1, 2-di-O-palmitoyl-propane-1, 2-diol was deacylated enzymatically using pancreas lipase to give 3-chloro-2-O-acylpropan-1, 2-diol 2b.2a and b both were unstable compounds which slightly isomerize  -  so under conditions of mass spectrometry  -  to give mixtures of 1- and 2-O-acyl-derivatives.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210508
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  • 91
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    Electronic Resource
    Synthese von 2-Heterocyclidenamino-1,3-diazatrimethincyaninen (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 827-834 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of 2-Heterocyclidenamino-1, 3-diaza-trimethincyaninesThe synthesis of 2-[3-methyl-benzthiazol-(1, 3)-inylidene-(2)-amino]- and of substituted 2-[1, 3-dithiolyliden-(2)-amino]-1, 3-diaza-trimethincyanines is described. The heterocyclic imines 1 react with phosgene or thiophosgene to the corresponding ureas 2 and thiureas 3, respectively. Alkylation of 3 to the 2-alkylmercapto-1, 3-diaza-trimethincyanines 4 and subsequent condensation with imine 1 yields the dyes 5. The chemical and spectroscopical data of cyanines 5 are described.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210514
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  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Convenient Synthesis of Spiro Heterocyclic Compounds (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 870-875 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthese von Heterocyelischen Spiroverbindungen
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210519
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  • 93
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    Electronic Resource
    Ein einfaches Verfahren zur Herstellung von tert.-Butyllithium in reproduzierbar hohen Ausbeuten (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 876-877 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A Simple Procedure to Prepare tert.-Butyllithium in High, Reproducible Yields
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210520
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  • 94
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    Electronic Resource
    Complexes of o-(N-α-Pyrrolideneimino)benzene Sulphonic Acid and 2-(N-α-pyrrolideneimino)ethane sulphonic acid with Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Pd(II), Cd(II), UO22+ and VO2+ (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 691-694 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Komplexe der o-(N-α-Pyrrolylimino)benzolsulfonsäure und 2-(N-α-Pyrrolylimino)ethansulfonsäure mit Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Pd(II), Cd(II), UO22+ und VO2+
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210424
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  • 95
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    Electronic Resource
    Heterocyclen aus Acrylnitril. I. Reaktionen von 2-Cyan-aziridin mit Ketonen (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 712-720 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Heterocycles from Acrylonitrile. I. Reactions of 2-Cyano-aziridin with Ketones2-Cyano-aziridine 2 is stable towards water at room temperature, but yields aziridine-2-carbonamide 6 on addition of cyclohexanone. Hemiaminal 8 is shown by 13C-spectroscopy to be an intermediate in this reaction.In the absence of water the aminal-like compounds 10 and 11 are formed from 2-cyano-aziridin 2 and ketones.Above 100° 2 as well as 6 form the imidazolinone 12 on action of cyclohexanone by opening of the aziridine ring and formation of a methyl group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210503
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  • 96
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    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Substituents on Rates of Reactions. VI. Kinetics of Condensation of Substituted Benzaldehydes with Acetophenone and 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-propiophenone (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 131-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Substituenteneinflüsse auf Reaktionsgeschwindigkeiten. VI. Kinetik der Kondensation substituierter Benzaldehyde mit Acetophenon und 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxy-propiophenon
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210118
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  • 97
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    Electronic Resource
    Zur Lösungsmittelabhängigkeit der Rotationsbarriere um die C=C-Bindung in substituierten Acrylsäureestern (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 327-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Solvent Dependence of the Barriers to Rotation about the C=C-Double Bond in Substituted Acrylates
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210221
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  • 98
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    Kinetics of the Epoxidation of Allyl Bromide by Hydrogen Peroxide in the Presence of Molybdic Acid as Catalyst (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 345-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Kinetik der Epoxidierung von Allylbromid durch Wasserstoffperoxid in Gegenwart von Molybdänsäure
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210225
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    Electronic Resource
    K. H. Grupe, J. Lunk, G. Michael, R. Stösser, I. Wendel, und J. Wilde: Physikalische Methoden in der Chemie. Hrsg. L. Kolditz, 1. Aufl. 326 S., 102 Abb., 27 Tab., 16,5 × 23 cm, Berlin: VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, 1977. (Ausgewählte Lehrabschnitte der Chemie-Studienbücherei) Kart. mit Glanzfolie. 19,80 M (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 351-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210229
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19793210301
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