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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Schlagwort(e): Calcitonin ; Carcinoembryonic antigen ; Medullary thyroid carcinoma in vitro ; Organ culture
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Tissue cultures of four C-cell carcinomas (medullary thyroid carcinoma, MTC) were prepared to study the basal and stimulated calcitonin (CT) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) release. Immunohistological staining of the explants for CT and CEA have been performed after various periods of culture. These MTC explants were able continuously to release CT and CEA for periods up to 157 days. The spontaneous CT and CEA release decreased sharply during the 1st week of culture, then remained nearly constant over the observation period. The CEA/CT secretion ratio slightly declined during long-term culture; CEA release seems to drop earlier than CT production. CT and CEA could be detected in the same cells by immunocytochemical technique. The septal tissue consisting of dense connective tissue and amyloid produced by tumor cells seemed to increase during long-term culture. CT, but not CEA, was stimulated by pentagastrin (10−5 M), glucagon (6×10−6 M), and dose related by calcium (2.5–20 mM) in vitro. The MTC explant organ long-term culture proved to be a useful model for studies of human CT and CEA secretion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 65 (1987), S. 82-86 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Schlagwort(e): Katacalcin ; Tumor marker ; C-cell carcinoma
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Katacalcin (KC) is situated on the C-terminal side of the procalcitonin molecule and is cleaved like calcitonin (CT) from this precursor peptide. Serum levels of KC were measured in 22 patients with C-cell carcinoma with a specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay (normal range, 〈0.1–0.15 ng/ml). Basal serum KC values in C-cell carcinoma patients were 0.32-290 ng/ml. There was a good correlation between KC and CT (r=0.98,P〈0.001). Serum KC, as well as CT, markedly increased after pentagastrin and calcium infusion. KC and CT were secreted in nearly equimolar amounts. During selective venous catheterization, KC and CT levels were increased in serum samples from veins draining tumor masses, which could be confirmed operatively. During the follow up, KC and CT measurements correlated well to the stage of disease. KC could be immunohistologically localized in C-cell carcinoma tissue. As a tumor marker, katacalcin is likely to be as useful as calcitonin in C-cell carcinoma.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 56 (1978), S. 697-701 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Schlagwort(e): Calcitonin ; Phäochromocytom ; Sipple-Syndrom ; Tumor „Marker“ ; Paraneoplastische Hormonsekretion ; Calcitonin ; Pheochromocytoma ; Sipple-syndrome ; Tumor marker ; Paraneoplastic hormone secretion
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary As pheochromocytoma sometimes is accompanied by medullary thyroid carcinoma (in the sense of multiple endocrine adonomatosis type II=Sipple-Syndrome), serum calcitonin (CT) was measured by radioimmunoassay in 4 patients with pheochromocytoma. Before extirpation of the adreno-medullary tumor, serum CT was distinctly increased to 3 and 30 ng/ml in 2 of 4 patients, respectively. After removal of the tumor, serum CT was normal in the patients and pentagastrin stimulation produced no exaggerated CT response. In hydrochloric acid extracts from the two corresponding pheochromocytoma tissues, immunoreactive-Calcitonin (IR-CT) was detected, the concentrations amounting 1 and 4 ng/mg wet tissue. These findings suggest that hypercalcitonism in patients with pheochromocytoma cannot always be ascribed to the thyroid, i.e. increased calcitonin levels do not necessarily indicate a medullary carcinoma of this organ.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Da Phäochromocytome in Kombination mit einem medullären Schilddrüsen-Carzinom auftreten können (multiple endokrine Adenomatose Typ II=Sipple-Syndrom), wurden bei 4 Patienten mit Phäochromocytomen die Serumcalcitoninspiegel radioimmunologisch bestimmt. Bei 2 der 4 Patienten fanden sich vor Operation des Nebennierenmarktumors deutlich erhöhte Calcitoninspiegel von 3 und 30 ng/ml. Nach Entfernung des Tumors normalisierten sich die Calcitoninspiegel, ebenso erzeugte die Pentagastrin-Stimulation keinen pathologischen Anstieg des Calcitonins. In salzsauren Extrakten aus den entsprechenden beiden Phäochromocytomen fand sich radioimmunologisch bestimmbares Calcitonin; die Werte betrugen 1und 4 ng/mg Frischgewicht. Der Nachweis einer Hypercalcitoninämie bei Patienten mit Phäochromocytomen läßt daher nicht unbedingt den Schluß auf ein gleichzeitig bestehendes medulläres Schilddrüsen-Carcinom zu, da offensichtlich Nebennierenmarktumoren zu Calcitoninproduktion und -sekretion fähig sind.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 65 (1987), S. 174-178 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Schlagwort(e): Procollagen-III peptide ; Paget's disease of the bone
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A commercially available radioimmunoassay kit was used to determine aminoterminal procollagen-III peptide (pNcoll III) serum levels in patients with Paget's disease of the bone and control subjects. In patients with Paget's disease pNcoll III concentrations were significantly elevated. They decreased to varying degrees under chronic therapy with human and salmon calcitonin, disodium ethane 1-hydroxy 1,1 diphosphonate (EHDP), or a combination therapy of EHDP and human calcitonin. The results were compared with the effect on traditional biochemical markers of disease activity: serum alkaline phosphatase and urinary hydroxyproline excretion, both of which reacted more acutely to the various therapies than pNcoll III, although pretreatment correlations were close. The most probable source of pNcoll III is not the Pagetic bone per se, but the vascular, fibrous connective tissue replacing normal bone marrow.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 2 (1923), S. 741-743 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Schlagwort(e): Medullary thyroid carcinoma ; Prognostic factors ; Sporadic and familial form ; Age ; Sex ; Tumor stage at diagnosis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A retrospective study of 741 patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma diagnosed between 1967 and 1991 was carried out by members of the German Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Study Group to evaluate prognostic factors. A total of 559 patients (75%) were considered to have sporadic disease, and 182 (25%) had the familial type. The sex ratio (male to female) was 1:1.4 in sporadic disease patients, and the mean age at diagnosis was 45.9 years (range 5-81 years). For familial disease patients the sex ratio was 1:1.1, and the mean age at diagnosis was 33.4 (range 5–77 years). The follow-up time for 630 patients ranged from 1 month to 20.8 years (mean 13.0 years). The overall adjusted survival rate was 86.7% at 5 years and 64.2% at 10 years. In a univariate analysis the stage of disease at diagnosis, age, sex, and type of disease (sporadic, familial) were relevant prognostic factors, with a better prognosis for young female patients with familial disease and diagnosed at an early stage. In a multivariate proportional hazards analysis, the difference in the survival rate of patients with familial disease versus those with the sporadic form disappeared, while prognostic information provided by age and sex was still significant. The poorer prognosis of patients with sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma may be related to the patients' older age at detection and more advanced tumor stage at diagnosis. There seems to be no difference in biological behavior between tumors of the sporadic and those of the familial type.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Schlagwort(e): Hypercalcemia of malignancy ; Parathyroid hormone-related protein ; Serum calcium ; Parathyroid hormones ; Immunoassay
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Overproduction of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is a major cause of hypercalcemia of malignancy in patients with solid tumors. We measured plasma levels of the protein by a radioimmunoassay (RIA) against PTHrP(5384) and by an immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) against PTHrP(1–86). Of 16 affected patients 7 had elevated PTHrP levels in both assays and 4 had elevated levels in the RIA only. Median levels were about tenfold higher in these patients when measured by RIA (median of 34 versus 2.2 pmol/1). Measurements from both assays were, however, highly correlated with each other in this patient group (P〈0.01). PTHrP was not elevated in 10 normocalcemic patients with lung carcinoma. During long-term follow-up of a patient with a mesothelioma of the pleura, PTHrP levels measured with both assays decreased during chemotherapy in parallel with a normalization of serum calcium. In another hypercalcemic patient suffering from renal carcinoma, PTHrP measured by IRMA decreased by 40% within 12 h after nephrectomy, whereas PTHrP measured by RIA did not show a significant decline. Direct comparison of the assay results thus pointed to the existence of heterogeneity of circulating forms of PTHrP in plasma. In conclusion, both immunoassays detected elevated levels of PTHrP in a fraction of patients with hypercalcemia of malignancy and thus may be a tumor marker during treatment of malignancies.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Schlagwort(e): Voltage dependent calcium channels ; Calcitoninsecretion ; Human medullary thyroid carcinoma ; BAY K 8644-nifedipine
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Extracellular calcium concentration is an important regulator of calcitonin secretion. We used primary cell cultures of human medullary thyroid carcinoma to study the role of voltage dependent calcium channels for stimulus secretion coupling. Increasing extracellular calcium concentration (1.6–5.0 mM) in the medium caused a dose dependent release of calcitonin. The calcium channel activator BAY K 8644, a dihydropyridine, stimulated calcitonin secretion in a dose dependent manner (10−7−10−5 M). This effect was completely inhibited by equimolar concentrations of the calcium channel blocker nifedipine and abolished in the absence of extracellular calcium. Similarly, nifedipine suppressed the stimulatory action of extracellular calcium. The effects of calcium and BAY K 8644 with and without nifedipine suggest that calcium influx via voltage dependent calcium channels plays an important role in calcitonin secretion. The primary cell culture of human medullary thyroid carcinoma is a good model for the study of stimulus secretion coupling.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 67 (1989), S. 304-307 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Schlagwort(e): Hyperthyroidism ; Follicular thyroid carcinoma ; Radioiodine scan
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A well differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid is usually less productive with respect to thyroid hormones than normal thyroid tissue. Very rarely, it happens though that a metastatic follicular carcinoma of the thyroid produces hyperthyroidism as the following example illustrates. In our patient with follicular thyroid carcinoma the radioiodine scan demonstrated an increased uptake of123I in the right thyroid lobe but also in a lung metastasis, even before thyroidectomy. In contrast, the iodine uptake of the left — normal — thyroid lobe was suppressed. Following thyroidectomy the levels of the thyroid hormones were normal and only dropped into the hypothyroid range after the beginning of the therapy with radioiodine. Hence we conclude that the metastases of a thyroid carcinoma can attain the hormone secretion of a normal thyroid gland and take up more radioiodine than normal thyroid tissue.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 143 (1984), S. 112-116 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Schlagwort(e): C-cell-carcinoma ; Pheochromocytoma ; Neuroma ; Calcitonin ; Carcinoembryonic antigen
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Three patients with a sporadic form of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) IIb are presented. MEN IIb is the association of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MTC), pheochromocytoma and multiple mucosal neuromata. The age at diagnosis and primary therapy of MTC was relatively late (8, 16, 18 years) although thyroid enlargement (two cases), typical marfanoid habitus (two cases) or multiple mucosal neuromata (one case) had been evident since early childhood. The diagnosis was confirmed by measurements of tumour markers like calcitonin (CT) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) for MTC, measurements of vanillylmandelic acid for pheochromocytoma, evaluation of the thyroid gland by sonography, scintigraphy and fine needle biopsy, and investigation of the adrenals by computer tomography and meta-(I-131) iodobenzylguanidine (I-131-MIBG) scintigraphy. After surgical treatment determinations of tumour markers confirmed relapses of MTC in all cases. Early diagnosis of MEN IIb, which could be made by recognition of the typical clinical appearance, is of special importance because of the poor prognosis of MTC.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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