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  • 2000-2004
  • 1980-1984  (736)
  • 1930-1934
  • 1920-1924
  • 1910-1914
  • 1982  (736)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (706)
  • Immunohistochemistry
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  • 2000-2004
  • 1980-1984  (736)
  • 1930-1934
  • 1920-1924
  • 1910-1914
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 237 (1982), S. 1-5 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Lysozyme ; Nasal mucosa ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary By use of the indirect immunoperoxidase method, lysozyme was localized in the serous glands and serous parts of mixed mucous-serous glands of the nasal respiratory area. Histochemically, lysozyme was absent from acini containing acid mucosubstances. These findings are in agreement with localizations of lysozyme in glands at other sites.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Thyroid tumour ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratin ; Thyroglobulin ; Differential diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 56 thyroid gland tumours and non neoplastic alterations were studied for keratin and thyroglobulin staining, using the indirect immunoperoxidase method on serial formalin fixed paraffin embedded sections. Papillary carcinomas showed a strong reaction with anti-keratin serum but a weak reaction with anti-thyroglobulin serum. Follicular adenomas and carcinomas showed virtually no reaction for keratin but a strong reaction for thyroglobulin. Undifferentiated and medullary carcinomas did not react with either antiserum, except for single cells in two undifferentiated carcinomas which reacted with anti-keratin serum. In nodular goiters, hyperplastic follicles showed little or no reaction with anti-keratin serum and strong reaction with anti-thyroglobulin serum. It is suggested that this virtually type-specific staining for keratin or thyroglobulin may be related to different degrees of cellular differentiation and organelle content in the tumour cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 394 (1982), S. 221-233 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Human pituitary adenoma ; Light and electron microscopy ; Immunohistochemistry ; Several adenohypophyseal cell types
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The combined use of several histological procedures (i.e. conventional light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy) among 45 unselected pituitary adenomas demonstrated the existence of 9 tumors (20%) containing several identifiable adenohypophy seal cell types. Thecellular associations were between 2 or 3 identifiable cell types. Mammosomatotrophic tumors were the most frequent but not the only mixed type (somatomammocorticotrophic, somatocorticotrophic tumors were also found). The cellular components varied in size but the cells appeared randomly distributed in the tumors. In all the adenomas there was an unidentified cell component (no reactivity with antisera used) varying from sparse to numerous elements. On adjacent sections the adenomatous cells reacted with a single specific antiserum, but in two cases the immunohistochemistry on contiguous paraffin embedded sections did not confirm this with certainty. These results confirm those of others and a new term is purposed to designate these tumors: heterogeneous pituitary adenomas. According to the nature and the proportions of the cell components the heterogeneous adenomas were subdivided into two groups: a group A which comprised adenomas formed by a major identifiable cellular type associated with one or two other less frequent cell types, and a group B formed by a predominant unidentifiable (no reactivity with immunochemical stainings) cell type associated with one or two other identified cell types. The present morphofunctional classifications of pituitary adenomas should be modified to include homogeneous adenomas with a single cell type and heterogeneous adenomas with several cell types.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 395 (1982), S. 1-9 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Malakoplakia ; Macrophages ; Alpha-1-antitrypsin ; Michaelis ; Gutmann bodies ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Macrophages in malakoplakia contain large amounts of immuno-reactive alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT). The amount of AAT remains unchanged during the morphogenetic stages of the pathological process (early, granulomatous, fibrosing phases), and does not correlate with the number or the presence of Michaelis-Gutmann (M.G.) bodies. Macrophages from other pathological processes, closely resembling malakoplakia cells but without M.G. bodies, did not contain AAT, except for a few macrophages in tuberculosis and xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. Whatever the source and the pathogenic role of AAT in malakoplakia, its presence in all macrophages seems to be specific for this disease. Immuno-histochemical staining for AAT is therefore proposed as a useful test for an early and accurate differential diagnosis of malakoplakia.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Bronchial mucosa ; Cell suspension ; Lung carcinomas ; Keratin polypeptides ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of intracellular keratins was investigated in normal bronchial epithelium and in several morphologically distinct forms of respiratory tract carcinomas. This study was performed with two different experimentally produced antisera against normal human stratum corneum keratin and against keratin protein of MW 67000 dalton, using indirect immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase methods on tissue sections and cell suspensions. In normal bronchial epithelium, the basal cells were strongly labelled by both antisera. The ciliated columnar cells appeared devoid of cytokeratins in tissue sections but were strongly labelled with both antisera in cell suspensions. The goblet cells remained negative in every case. In squamous metaplasia of the bronchus, all epithelial cells were unevenly stained with both antisera. Among tumours, only the squamous cell carcinomas were strongly labelled by both antisera. Primary lung adenocarcinoma appeared weakly positive, whereas metastatic lung carcinomas, undifferentiated lung carcinomas, oat cell tumours, carcinoid tumours were negative. The immunocytochemical determination of keratins appears to be of value in the study of normal and abnormal epithelial differentiation, in the diagnosis of poorly differentiated carcinomas and in their distinction from metastatic tumours of the lung.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 397 (1982), S. 1-6 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Papillary syringadenoma ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunoglobulins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty-one papillary syringadenomas were studied using immunohistochemical methods to characterise the immunoglobulin classes associated with the plasma cell infiltrates characteristically seen in these neoplasms. It was found that the majority of the plasma cells produce IgG (65.2%). Plasma cells associated with IgA and IgM production constituted 30.4% and 4.4% respectively of the enumerated cells. These findings confirm the long-presumed inflammatory nature of these infiltrates.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 397 (1982), S. 327-333 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Immunohistochemistry ; Casein ; Epithelial membrane antigen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Antisera raised against human milk fat globule membranes and against the casein fraction of human milk have been compared. Using an immunohistochemical stain of tissue sections it has been shown that many of the antigenic determinants detected by the different antisera are identical. A radioimmunoassay for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) showed that casein preparations are associated with small quantities of EMA. Antisera to casein frequently contained appreciable concentrations of antibodies to EMA and this accounts for the immunohistochemical staining of non-mammary tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Thyroid cancer ; Thyroglobulin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Morphometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty-four differentiated human thyroid carcinomas were investigated light microscopically and immunohistochemically by morphometric methods. The study revealed that thyroglobulin synthesis in follicular and papillary carcinomas is independent of tumor type and histostructural differentiation. The immunohistochemical results suggest that a defect in thyroglobulin synthesis and thyroglobulin secretion in addition to iodine accumulation and organification defects impairs the effectiveness of postoperative radioiodine treatment of differentiated thyroid carcinomas.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Computing 28 (1982), S. 213-223 
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Keywords: 47 H 17 ; 65 M 99 (primary) ; 35 L 70 (secondary) ; Key words ; Finite difference ; method of pseudolinear equations ; Newton's method ; quasilinear hyperbolic initial boundary value problem
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine Methode zur Lösung einer Klasse quasilinearer hyperbolischer Anfangsrandwertaufgaben zweiter Ordnung in einer Raumdimension untersucht, die die Methode der pseudolinearen Gleichungen genannt wird. Die Differenzenrealisierung der Methode wird gegenüber einer früheren Variante durch Ausschaltung der Iteration verbessert. Die Ergebnisse einer Reihe numerischer Experimente zeigen, daß die verbesserte Differenrealisierung zwischen 1,8- und 13,9-mal schneller ist als Lösung nichtlinearer Systeme von Differenzenapproximationen der quasilinearen hyperbolischen Gleichungen durch das Newton-Verfahren. Doch in Fällen mit großen Nichtlinearitäten zeigt die Methode der pseudolinearen Gleichungen Instabilität, während das Newton-Verfahren nach langer Rechenzeit konvergiert.
    Notes: Abstract A method, called the method of pseudolinear equations, for solving a class of quasilinear hyperbolic initial-boundary-value problems of second order in one space dimension is investigated. The finite-difference implementation of the method is improved vs. a previous version by elimination of iteration. The results of a series of numerical experiments show the improved finite-difference implementation to be between 1.8 and 13.9 times faster than solution of nonlinear systems of finite-difference approximations of the quasilinear hyperbolic problems by Newton's method. However, in cases with large nonlinearities, the method of pseudolinear equations shows instability, while Newton's method converges after a large amount of computing time.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Anterior pituitary cells ; Mitosis ; Rat ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Mitotic rates of the six types of immunohistochemically identifiable adenohypophysial cells were histometrically calculated in colchicine-pretrated male rats 5, 17, 30 and 70 days old. Sections were stained with the antisera against rLH, rFSH, rTSH, oGH, rPRL and pACTH1–39. The mitotic growth rate of the anterior pituitary gland at 30 days of age was much higher than at other times. Mitotic growth rates of GH and PRL cells increased with advancing age, while those of ACTH-, TSH- and immunonegative cells decreased with advancing age. LH/FSH cells showed no variation in mitotic growth rate with age. Mitotic cells can be classified into six cell types based on their fine structural properties: (1) agranular cells associated with the folliculo-stellate cells; (2) ambiguous cells with scanty minute secretory granules (50–150 nm in diameter); (3) basophils with a number of small secretory granules (130–200 nm); (4) immature acidophils whose large secretory granules (130–300 nm) are sporadically scattered; (5) acidophils with numerous spherical larger secretory granules (200–300 nm); and (6) prolactin cells with large polymorphic granules. At day 5 there was a high mitotic rate of the agranular and ambiguous cells [types (1) and (2)]; at day 70 a high mitotic rate was found in immature and mature acidophils [types (4) and (5)]. The mitotic rate of basophils (type 3) was high only at day 17 and low at all other times. The mitotic rate of prolactin cells (type 6) showed a slight increment with advancing age. It is concluded that the mitotic rates of the six cell types are age-dependent.
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  • 11
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Endothelial cell ; Factor VIII/von Willebrand factor ; Glial fibrillary acidic protein ; Hemangioblastoma ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The histogenesis of hemangioblastoma stromal cells is unresolved. Ultrastructural observations suggest that the stromal cells, endothelial cells, and pericytes that compose this neoplasm are all derived from angiogenic mesenchyme. The expression of factor VIII/von Willebrand factor (FVIII/vWF), a specific marker for endothelial cells, and of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a specific marker for glial cells, was examined in 16 hemangioblastomas using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunohistochemical method. Endothelial cell staining for FVIII/vWF was intense in 14 tumors, weak in one, and absent in another. There was no stromal cell staining in any of the neoplasms. Process-bearing, GFAP-positive cells were observed near the tumor margin in 13 cases, and deeper in the neoplasm in 8. In two of these tumors there were also occasional GFAP-positive cells that lacked processes and had a vacuolated cytoplasm. Virtually all of the GFAP-positive cells were interpreted as trapped astrocytes rather than stromal cells. The lack of expression of FVIII/vWF by the stromal cells indicates that they are antigenically distinct from endothelial cells. Several alternatives for stromal cell histogenesis remain open. The stromal cells may be derived from endothelial cells that have undergone antigenic loss, or from angiogenic mesenchymal cells that do not express FVIII/vWF. Alternatively, the stromal cells may originate from nonangiogenic mesenchymal cells derived from the mesoderm or neuroectoderm.
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 165 (1982), S. 63-70 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Pancreatic islet ; Cytogenesis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Chronological development of immunoreactive, pancreatic endocrine cells was immunohistochemically studied in rats. The first immunoreaction occurs for glucagon on day 11.5 and for insulin on day 12.5 of gestation, respectively, in the cells located within the cap-like or tubular pancreatic primordium derived from the gut wall. Immunoreactive somatostatin cells appear first at the periphery of primitive islets on day 15.5. On day 18.5, the cells of the primitive islets obtain their definitive arrangement and the islets are now separated from the tissue of the exocrine pancreas. Decapitation or encephalectomy performed on day 16.5 embryos fails to influence the ensuing further development of endocrine pancreas. This suggests that the hypothalamus or pituitary does not play an essential role in the histogenesis of the pancreatic islets.
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Oxytocin neuron ; Vasopressin neuron ; Hypothalamus ; Immunohistochemistry ; Monkey
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The hypothalamic oxytocin and vasopressin neurons of the monkey, Macaca fuscata, were demonstrated in Golgi-like images by a modified immunoperoxidase method. The magnocellular oxytocin and vasopressin neurons were distributed mainly in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei. In addition to these main nucleic, both types of magnocellular neurons were found in the accessory supraoptic nucleus, the periventricular and perifornical areas, the nucleus of the stria terminalis, the lateral hypothalamic area, and the pars interna of the globus pallidus. Magnocellular oxytocin neurons were seen immediately ventral to the anterior commissure, and parvocellular vasopressin neurons were localized in the medial portion of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. The preferential distribution of the oxytocin and vasopressin neurons was recognized not only in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei, but also in other areas. In all areas observed, the cytological difference between the oxytocin and vasopressin neurons could be identified. The area, of the perikarya of the vasopressin neurons was determined to be larger than that of the oxytocin neurons. Most of the axons of the oxytocin neurons issued from the perikarya, while the axons of the vasopressin neurons originated in most cases from the thick proximal dendrites. These results show that the oxytocin and vasopressin neurons are distributed in areas much broader than has hitherto been assumed, and that these two peptidergic neurons can be definitely differentiated morphologically as well as functionally.
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: CRF neurons ; Hypothalamus ; Immunohistochemistry ; PAP ; Mammals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The presence of the CRF-containing neurons in the hypothalamus was investigated in four different species (cats, dogs, pigs, and monkeys) by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique using specific anti-serum to CRF. In all animals examined, CRF-containing perikarya were found mainly in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei, and a small number of the immunoreactive cells were observed in the accessory supraoptic nucleus and the lateral hypothalamic area. The size of the CRF-containing perikarya ranged from 20–35 μm in diameter. These findings suggest that the magnocellular paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei are the center not only of the classical neurosecretory system for the production of the posterior lobe hormones, but also that of the CRF neuronal system.
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Monoclonal antibodies ; T-cell antigens ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fifteen monoclonal antibodies against different T-cell antigens were studied by immunohistochemistry in thymus, fetal thymus, fetal liver, palatine tonsils, and a few T-cell lymphomas. OKT 9 was identified as reacting with hemopoietic stem or precursor cells in fetal liver as well as with early B-determined lymphocytes in tonsillar germinal centres. OKT 10 labelled lymphocytes in thymus and surprisingly also the cytoplasm of some tonsillar cells with plasma-cell like appearance. OKT 6 and MAS 036 b reacted only with thymic cells. OKT 4, OKT 5, OKT 8, 8–11, labelled thymic cells- and portions of interfollicular cells in tonsils. OKT 3, NEI 016, NEI 015, and T 28 stained a majority of thymic cells and of tonsillar interfollicular lymphocytes. IFH-M 203, NEI 012 and 4–11 were positive with the majority of T-lymphocytes in tonsils but labelled only a few thymic cells.
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: GnRH ; Serotonin ; Dopamine-β-hydroxylase ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat brain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immunahistochemical double staining for gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and serotonin or dopamine-β-hydroxylase reveals close appositions of fibers which contain serotonin or norepinephrine to GnRH producing neurons in the septo-preoptic region. In the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis and in the median eminence extensive anatomical overlap exists in the distribution of GnRH and serotoninergic fibers but little of GnRH and noradrenalinergic fibers. It is proposed that serotonin plays a major role in the regulation of GnRH secretion via contacts in all of the regions studied and that the influence of norepinephrine on GnRH-secretion in the median eminence is exerted mainly via involvement of dopaminergic tuberoinfundibular neurons.
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Gastric endocrine cells ; Endocrine cell carcinoma ; Early gastric cancer ; Scirrhous carcinoma ; Immunohistochemistry ; Schlüsselwörter ; Gastrische Endokrinzellen ; Endokrine Carcinome ; Frühcarcinom des Magens ; Scirrhöses Carcinom ; Immunhistochemie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 18 Argyrophilzellencarcinome aus insgesamt 101 Frühcarcinomen des Magens wurden lichtmikroskopisch, elektronenmikroskopisch sowie immunhistochemisch mit Antiseren gegen Polypeptide, CEA, Lysozyme und hCG untersucht. 7 dieser Tumoren enthielten Gastrin und 2 unter ihnen außerdem Somatostatin. In allen 18 Tumoren wurde CEA nachgewiesen, 7 von diesen 18 Tumoren zeigten Lysozyme, darunter 5 auch noch Gastrin. In 4 Tumoren wurde hCG beobachtet, und in 2 aus dieser Reihe von 4 fand sich gleichzeitig Gastrin, CEA, Mucin sowie Lysozyme. Argentaffine Zellen wurden in 7 von 18 Tumoren beobachtet. Drei von 7 Gastrin enthaltende Tumoren hatten mehr oder weniger argentaffine Zellen. Elektronmikroskopisch wurden unterschiedliche Sekretgranula beobachtet und 9 von 18 Tumoren waren D1 oder P Zellen ähnlich. Makroskopisch entsprach die Mehrzahl der Tumoren dem IIc oder IIc+III Typ. Histologisch waren von diesen 18 Tumoren 6 gut differenzierte und 12 wenig differenzierte Adenocarcinome, einschließlich Siegelring-zellencarcinomen. Sie waren öfters im Fundusbereich jüngerer Frauen lokalisiert. Unter Heranziehung unserer schon publizierten Untersuchungsbefunde wird vermutet, daß IIc-Typ Argyrophilzellencarcinome mit dem histologischen Bild des wenig differenzierten Adenocarcinoms dem scirrhösen Carcinom zugeordnet werden kann.
    Notes: Summary Eighteen argyrophil cell carcinomas in 101 early gastric carcinomas were examined histologically, ultrastructurally, and immunohistochemically for polypeptides, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), lysozyme, and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG). Seven of these 18 tumors had gastrin, and two of seven tumors also contained somatostatin. In all of these 18 tumors CEA were demonstrated. Seven had lysozyme and five of seven tumors also contained gastrin; hCG were present in four of 18 tumors and two of four tumors had gastrin, CEA, mucin, and lysozyme simultaneously. Argentaffin cells were found in seven of 18 tumors. Of the above seven tumors containing gastrin, three had argentaffin cells. Ultrastructurally, several types of secretory granules were noted and tumor cells resembling D1-or P cells were present in nine of the 18 tumors. Macroscopically, many of the tumors showed IIc or IIc+III type. Histologically, the 18 tumors consisted of six well differentiated adenocarcinomas and 12 poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas including signet-ring cell carcinoma. These 12 tumors frequently developed in the stomach of young females. In view of our previous investigations, it was suggested that the IIc-type argyrophil cell carcinoma histologically showing poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma may be related to scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach.
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  • 18
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of 3-Oxo-8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-ene-2-carbonitriles from γ-Bromo-β-oxonitriles and Furan via [4 + 3] Cycloaddition of 1-Cyanoallylium-2-olatesSome γ-bromo-β-oxonitriles 3 react with furan in the presence of silver oxide to form stereoselectively the title compounds 7. Satisfying yields are obtained only with those bromides 3, whose γ-carbon ist tertiary or which are monoalkylated both at the α- and γ-carbon atoms. The results are explained by a [4 + 3] cycloaddition of 1-cyanoallylium-2-olate intermediates (14) to the 1,3-diene system of the furan. With cyclic γ-bromo-β-oxonitriles (6) two types of cycloadducts were observed: 3-bromo-3-methyl-2-oxocyclohexanecarbonitrile (6b) and 3-bromo-2-oxocyclododecanecarbonitrile (6d) form the tricyclic [4 + 3] cycloadducts 10b and d, analogs of the bicyclic adducts 7. With 3-bromo-2-oxocyclohexanecarbonitrile (6a) and 3-bromo-5-tert-butyl-2-oxocyclohexanecarbonitrile (6e), however, the carbonyl oxygen is connected with an α-carbon of the furan to give the tricyclic [3 + 2] cycloadducts 12Aa and Ae. The structure of endo-2,endo-4-dimethyl-3-oxo-8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-ene-exo-2-carbonitrile (7eα) was determined by X-ray analysis.
    Notes: Verschiedene γ-Brom-β-oxonitrile 3 reagieren in Gegenwart von Silberoxid mit Furan stereoselektiv zu den Titelverbindungen 7. Befriedigende Ausbeuten werden nur mit solchen Bromiden 3 erhalten, deren γ-Kohlenstoff tertiär ist oder die sowohl am α- als auch γ-Kohlenstoff monoalkyliert sind (3c, e-h). Die Befunde werden durch eine [4 + 3]-Cycloaddition von intermediären 1-Cyanallylium-2-olaten (14) an das 1,3-Dien-System des Furans erklärt. Mit cyclischen γ-Brom-β-oxonitrilen (6) wurden zwei Typen von Cycloaddukten beobachtet: 3-Brom-3-methyl-2-oxocyclohexancarbonitril (6b) und 3-Brom-2-oxocyclododecancarbonitril (6d) reagieren zu den tricyclischen [4 + 3]-Cycloaddukten 10b und d, Analoga der Bicyclen 7. Bei 3-Brom-2-oxocyclohexancarbonitril (6a) und 3-Brom-5-tert-butyl-2-oxocyclohexancarbonitril (6e) wurde jedoch der Carbonyl-Sauerstoff mit einem α-Kohlenstoffatom des Furans verknüpft, wobei die tricyclischen [3 + 2]-Cycloaddukte 12Aa und Ae entstanden. Die Struktur von endo-2,endo-4-Dimetyl-3-oxo-8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-en-exo-2-carbonitril (7eα) wurde durch eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse bestimmt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 19
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Metal-π-Complexes of Benzene Derivatives, XV. Bis(η6-naphthalene)chromium(0): X-Ray Structure Determination and Investigation by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyBis(η6-naphthalene)chromium(0) (2) crystallizes in the space group P21/n with two molecules in the unit cell. The ligands in individual molecules of 2 are syn-oriented. The implied presence of a center of symmetry in 2 is caused by disorder that consists in the statistical occupation by chromium atoms of two equivalent sites between the six membered ring of pairs of parallel naphthalene ligands. The 1H and 13C NMR spectra of 2 are analysed and the spectroscopic parameters are discussed with reference to the respective data of free naphthalene as well as other (η-naphthalene)metal complexes.
    Notes: Bis(η6-naphthalin)chrom(0) (2) kristallisiert in der Raumgruppe P21/n mit zwei Molekülen in der Elementarzelle. Die Liganden in individuellen Molekülen von 2 nehmen dabei eine syn-Anordnung ein. Das Vorliegen eines Symmetriezentrums in 2 wird durch eine Fehlordnung vorgetäuscht, die darin besteht, daß in Paaren parallel angeordneter Naphthalin-Liganden linke und rechte Lücken zwischen den Sechsringen statistisch mit Chromatomen besetzt sind. Die 1H- und 13C-NMR-Spektren von 2 werden analysiert, und die spektroskopischen Parameter werden im Vergleich mit entsprechenden Daten des freien Naphthalins sowie anderer (η-Naphthalin)metall-Komplexe diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 393-395 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Refinement of the Crystal Structure of (Ethylenediamine)zinc(II) Benzohydroxamate Hydrate, ZnC23H29N5O7The already known structure1) of the title compound has been refined and slightly corrected from new data.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982) 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 3904-3907 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reactions of Allylidenephosphoranes with Heterocumulenes, II. New Syntheses of 1,2,4-Pentatrienes and 2-Pentene-1,5-dionesCinnamylidenetriphenylphosphorane (2a) undergoes Wittig reaction with ketenes to afford monomeric and dimeric 1,2,4-pentatrienes 4 and 5, resp. 4b reacts further with an excess of ketene via a [2 + 2]-cycloaddition, whereby the 3-styryl-1-naphthyl diphenylacetate 12 is formed. In contrast, with the α-phenylsubstituted phosphorane 2b, instead of the Wittig reaction addition of ketene takes place at both the α- and the γ-positions. The 1,3-diacyl-3-triphenylphosphonio-1-propen-3-enolate 6 readily hydrolyzes to the 2-pentene-1,5-dione 9.
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  • 23
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2668-2673 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Contributions to the Chemistry of Boron, 127. Hexamethylborazine-Gallium Trichloride: Structure in Solution and in the Solid StateHexamethylborazine forms a 1:1 adduct 1 with gallium trichloride. It is isostructural with hexamethylborazine-aluminium tribromide. The BN heterocycle is no longer planer, and the molecule adapts almost Cs symmetry and contains a tetracoordinated nitrogen atom. 1 shows fluctional behavior in toluene solution at room temperature. The coordinated GaCl3 will no longer change its coordination site at T 〈 220 K (two signals each for the CH3N-and CH3B-protons). However, at T 〈 195 K an additional splitting of the signals is observed - three signals for each type of CH3 groups: this would be consistent with a pentacoordinated gallium atom and a bidentate borazine ligand.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 24
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982) 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 25
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2679-2681 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Preparation of Cyclic Nitrones from Heterocyclic N-(Benzyloxy)aminesTreatment of heterocyclic N-(benzyloxy)amines 1 with concentrated hydrogen peroxide solution in acetic acid enables the preparation of 7-membered cyclic nitrones in respectable yields. This one-pot procedure offers some advantages compared with conventional routes.
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  • 26
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2674-2678 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Vinyl Carbanions, 13. Convenient Synthesis of Oxaloacetic Acid DerivativesThe vinyllithium derivatives 2a, b and 9a, b, obtained by direct lithiation of the functionally substituted acrylic acid derivatives 1a, b and 8a, b, respectively, react with heterocumulenes A-E such as phenyl isocyanate, phenyl isothiocyanate, and carbon dioxide to give derivatives of oxaloacetic acid. In a single step reaction the oxaloacetic acid monoester 6a and monoamide 6b were synthesized.
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2683-2696 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of a [3]-PrecatenaneStarting from the previously synthesised compound 9a, the cyclophane 13 is prepared. Acetalisation with 1,25-dichloro-13-pentacosanone followed by nitration and reduction afforded the diamine 16. By cyclization of this compound in isoamyl alcohol with sodium carbonate and sodium iodide under high dilution conditions the monomeric products 17, 18, and 19 are obtained in yields of 5.0, 2.4, and 0.1%, respectively. On the basis of mass, 13C and 1H NMR spectra the structures of these compounds are discussed. The attempted transformation of the [3]-precatenane 17 into the [3]-catenane 24 gives a mixture of products among which 24 could not be identified with certainty.
    Notes: Ausgehend von der bereits früher hergestellten Verbindung 9a wird das Cyclophan 13 synthetisiert. Durch dessen Acetalisierung mit 1,25-Dichlor-13-pentacosanon, nachfolgende Nitrierung und Reduktion wird das Diamin 16 erhalten. Dessen Cyclisierung in Isoamylalkohol in Gegenwart von Natriumcarbonat und Natriumiodid unter Verdünnungsbedingungen ergibt die monomeren Cyclisierungsprodukte 17, 18 und 19 in Ausbeuten von 5.0, 2.4 und 0.1%. Die Struktur dieser Verbindungen wird anhand der Massen-, 13C-und 1H-NMR-Spektren diskutiert. Die versuchte Umwandlung des [3]-Praecatenans 17 in das [3]-Catenan 24 führt zu einem Produktgemisch, in dem 24 nicht mit Sicherheit identifiziert werden konnte.
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  • 28
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2697-2706 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Ozonolysis of Symmetrically 1,2-Disubstituted Ethylenes in HCl/Methanol Solutions: Acid Catalyzed Reactions of Primary Cleavage ProductsThe ozonolysis of olefins in 1 M anhydrous solutions of hydrogen chloride in methanol at ≤ 0°C was investigated. Upon warm-up of the ozonolysis products, the peroxidic primary fragmentation products were converted into non-peroxidic end-products by HCl-catalyzed reactions. Cyclopentene (1a) and cyclohexene (1b), e.g., afforded mixtures of the corresponding α,ω-dialdehyde-bis(dimethyl acetals) (8), dimethyl α,ω-dicarboxylates (9), and methyl ω-aldehyde dimethyl acetal carboxylates (10). Norbornene (1c) gave a mixture of the correspondingly substituted 1,3-cyclopentane compounds (8c-10c), phenanthrene (22) gave a mixture of methyl 2′-formyl-2-biphenyl-carboxylate (24a), 2,2′-biphenyldicarbaldehyde (24b), and dimethyl 2,2′-biphenyldicarboxylate (24c). A reaction scheme was advanced for the rationalization of the types and the distribution of the products. It was partly substantiated by model reactions.
    Notes: Die Ozonolyse von Olefinen in wasserfreien 1 M Lösungen von Chlorwasserstoff in Methanol bei ≤ 0°C wurde untersucht. Beim Erwärmen der Ozonolyseprodukte traten HCI-katalysierte Folgereaktionen ein, in deren Verlauf die peroxidischen Primärspaltprodukte in peroxidfreie Endprodukte umgewandelt wurden. Z. B. lieferten Cyclopenten (1a) und Cyclohexen (1b) Gemische der entsprechenden α,ω-Dialdehyd-bis(dimethylacetale) (8), α,ω-Dicarbonsäure-dimethylester (9) und ω-Aldehyd-dimethylacetal-carbonsäure-methylester (10). Norbornen (1c) ergab ein Gemisch der entsprechend substituierten 1,3-Cyclopentanverbindungen (8c-10c), Phenanthren (22) ein Gemisch von 2′-Formyl-2-biphenylcarbonsäure-methylester (24a), 2,2′-Biphenyldicarbaldehyd (24b) und 2,2′-Biphenyldicarbonsäure-dimethylester (24c). Für die Entstehungsweise und die Verteilung der Produkte wurde ein Reaktionsweg formuliert, welcher z. T. durch Modellreaktionen bestätigt wurde.
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  • 29
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 1755-1764 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Triarylmethyl Systems, III. Synthesis of α-Aryl[1.n]paracyclophanesAs triarylmethyl systems with unusual sterical orientation of the aryl rings α-aryl[1.n]paracyclophanes with n = 5-8 (1a-d, 8a,b) were synthesized via the corresponding dithia[1.(n + 2)]-paracyclophanes (2a-d, 6a,b) and the disulfones (3a-d, 7a,b) derived therefrom. The sterical situation in these α-aryl[1.n]paracyclophanes is discussed, especially on the basis of 1H NMR data.
    Notes: Als Triarylmethyl-Systeme mit ungewöhnlicher räumlicher Orientierung der Aryl-Ringe wurden α-Aryl[1.n]paracyclophane mit n = 5-8 (1a-d, 8a,b) über die entsprechenden Dithia-[1.(n + 2)]paracyclophane (2a-d, 6a,b) und die davon abgeleiteten Disulfone (3a-d, 7a,b) dargestellt. Die sterischen Verhältnisse dieser α-Aryl[1.n]paracyclophane werden, besonders anhand von 1H-NMR-Spektren, diskutiert.
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  • 30
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Desulfurization Reactions with Iron Carbonyl Compounds: Carbonyl(dioxolanylidene)iron Complexes from ThionocarbonatesDesulfurizations of thionocarbonates 3 with Fe(CO)5 and Fe2(CO)9 yield tetracarbonyl(dioxolanylidene)iron(0) complexes 4 and olefins 2 under thermal conditions. Photochemical conditions lead to 4 and cluster compounds with the formula Fe3(CO)9S(dioxolanylidene) (5). In all reactions Fe3(CO)9S2 (6) was also isolated. The carbene complexes are characterized spectroscopically. An X-ray structure analysis of the tetracarbonyliron carbene complex 4j shows the dioxolanylidene ligand in the axial position of a distorted trigonal bipyramid. (Dioxolanylidene)iron(0) complexes are „ylides with inverse bond polarizations“ (15).
    Notes: Die Desulfurierung von Thionocarbonaten 3 mit Fe(CO)5 und Fe2(CO)9 gibt je nach Energiequelle unterschiedliche Reaktionsprodukte. Bei der thermischen Reaktion (105°C, Toluol) entstehen Tetracarbonyl(dioxolanyliden)eisen(0)-Komplexe 4 und Olefine 2. Durch Bestrahlung entsteht ebenfalls 4, außerdem werden Clusterverbindungen der Zusammensetzung Fe3(CO)9S(dioxolanyliden) (5) isoliert. Bei allen Reaktionen wird außerdem Fe3(CO)9S2 (6) gebildet. Eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse von 4j zeigte den Dioxolanyliden-Liganden in der axialen Position einer trigonalen Bipyramide. (Dioxolanyliden)eisen(0)-Verbindungen sind „Ylide mit inverser Bindungspolarisation“ (15).
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 31
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 1810-1817 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: New Reagents, XX. (Triphenylstannyl)methyllithium and Analogous Trialkylstannyl Compounds, Synthesis and Reactions(Triphenylstannyl)methyllithium (1a) and analogous trialkylstannyl compounds (1b, c) were synthesized by halogen-lithium exchange reactions from 3a-c. As shown by high yields, stannyl groups are capable of stabilizing a carbanionic centre. 1a reacts with aldehydes and ketones to give β-hydroxystannanes 5 which tend to form olefins.
    Notes: (Triphenylstannyl)methyllithium (1a) sowie analoge Trialkylstannyl-Verbindungen (1b, c) wurden durch Halogen-Lithium-Austausch aus 3a-c synthetisiert. Die erzielten hohen Ausbeuten zeigen, daß Stannylgruppen ein carbanionisches Zentrum stabilisieren. 1a reagiert mit Aldehyden und Ketonen zu β-Hydroxystannanen 5, die zur Olefinbildung neigen.
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  • 32
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 1765-1774 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Triarylmethyl Systems, IV. Synthesis and Reactions of α-Hydroxy- and α-Halo-α-aryl[1.n]paracyclophanesBy bromination of hydrocarbons 1a-d and 6 α-bromo-α-aryl[1.n]paracyclophanes with n = 5-8 (2a-d, 7) were prepared. Via 2a-d α-hydroxy-α-aryl[1.n]paracyclophanes 3a-d were obtained, starting from which the α-chloro and α-fluoro derivatives 4a-d and 5a,b, resp., were synthesized. - Compounds of the types 2-5 were of interest as representatives of a special triarylmethyl system for which, due to the [1.n]paracyclophane structure, unusual steric and electronic effects were to be expected. The formation of p,p′-bridged triarylmethyl radicals 8 from 2a-d and their dimerisation were investigated. Rate constants for the hydrolysis of α-bromo and α-chloro compounds 2a-d and 4a-d proceeding via the carbenium ions 9 were determined in water/acetone by conductivity measurements. Stabilities of 9 (n = 5-8), formed from the hydroxy compounds 3a-d in conc. sulfuric acid, were determined; their dependence on n is discussed in terms of specific steric and electronic effects of the α-aryl[1.n]paracyclophane system. Some spectroscopic data are reported for the carbanions 10.
    Notes: Durch Bromierung der Kohlenwasserstoffe 1a-d und 6 wurden α-Brom-α-aryl[1.n]paracyclophane mit n = 5-8 (2a-d,7) dargestellt. Aus 2a-d erhielt man die α-Hydroxy-Verbindungen 3a-d, von denen aus die α-Chlor- und α-Fluor-Derivate 4a-d bzw. 5a,b zugänglich waren. - Verbindungen des Typs 2-5 interessierten als Vertreter eines besonderen Triarylmethyl-Systems, für das als Folge der [1.n]Paracyclophan-Struktur ungewöhnliche sterische und elektronische Effekte zu erwarten waren. Die Bildung der p,p′-überbrückten Triarylmethyl-Radikale 8 aus 2a-d und ihre Dimerisierung wurden untersucht. Die Geschwindigkeiten der über Carbenium-Ionen 9 verlaufenden Hydrolysen der α-Brom- und α-Chlor-Verbindungen 2a-d bzw. 4a-d in Wasser/Aceton wurden durch Leitfähigkeitsmessungen bestimmt und mit denen der entsprechenden Di- und Triphenylmethyl-Derivate verglichen. Die Stabilitäten der aus den α-Hydroxy-Verbindungen 3a-d in konz. Schwefelsäure erzeugten Carbenium-Ionen 9 mit n = 5-8 wurden ermittelt; ihre Abhängigkeit von n wird unter dem Gesichtspunkt der sterischen und elektronischen Effekte des α-Aryl[1.n]paracyclophan-Systems diskutiert. Einige spektroskopische Daten der Carbanionen 10 werden mitgeteilt.
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  • 33
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 1825-1834 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Protophanes and Polyaromatics, XXVI. Synthesis and Properties of Dehydrooligomers of 2-(3-Thienyl)- and 2-(Benzo[b]thien-3-yl)quinoxalineMonolithiated 2-(3-thienyl)- (1a′) and 2-(benzo[b]thien-3-yl)quinoxaline (2a′) react in each case by selfaddition to polyadducts from which polyaromatics can be prepared by hydrolysis and subsequent oxidation. From the reaction mixtures open-chain polyaromatics with 4 to 12 aromatic units (1b-f, 2b-d) were isolated. Starting from 2a′, in addition to open-chain polyaromatics the cyclotetraaromatic 7 has been obtained in low yield.
    Notes: Monolithiiertes 2-(3-Thienyl)- (1a′) und 2-(Benzo[b]thien-3-yl)chinoxalin (2a′) reagieren jeweils durch Selbstaddition zu Polyaddukten, aus denen durch Hydrolyse und anschließende Oxidation Polyaromaten entstehen. Aus den Reaktionsgemischen konnten offenkettige Polyaromaten mit 4-12 Aromateneinheiten (1b-f, 2b-d) isoliert werden. Aus 2a′ entstand zusätzlich zu den offenkettigen Polyaromaten in geringer Ausbeute der Cyclotetraaromat 7.
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  • 34
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 1835-1856 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Chemistry of Biquadricyclanylidene Inter- and Intramolecular [π2+σ2+σ2]-Cycloaddition ReactionsThe value of biquadricyclanylidene 6 for the synthesis of polychromophoric frameworks of the type 1-5 through [π2+σ2+σ2]-cycloaddition of bishomodienophilic partners is elucidated. Thus, dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate, dicyanoacetylene, maleic anhydride, and dimethyl azodicarboxylate are added with very good to good yields (90-50%) exo-specifically and in the case of the bis-adducts with high anti-selectivity. N-Phenyl-1,2,4-triazolinedione, however, attacks the central C=C-double bond of 6 forming a 1:1-adduct considered to be the 1,2,4-triazolium-3-olate 40. With the conversion of 41 into 42 an intramolecular [π2+σ2+σ2]-cycloaddition has been realized for the first time. X-ray structural analyses of tetramethyl anti-9,9′-bi[(1α,2β,5β,6α)-tricyclo[4.2.1.02,5]nona-3,7-dienylidene]-3,3′,4,4′-tetracarboxylate (14a) and its exo-epoxide 23 have been performed.
    Notes: Die Brauchbarkeit des Biquadricyclanylidens 6 zum Aufbau polychromophorer Gerüste vom Typ 1-5 durch [π2+σ2+σ2]-Cycloaddition von bishomodienophilen Partnern wird untersucht. Acetylendicarbonsäure-dimethylester, Dicyanacetylen, Maleinsäureanhydrid und Azodicarbonsäure-dimethylester werden in diesem Sinn mit sehr guten bis guten Gesamtausbeuten (90-50%) exo-spezifisch, bei zweifacher Addition mit hoher Bevorzugung der anti-Isomeren, addiert. N-Phenyl-1,2,4-triazolindion greift 6 an der zentralen C=C-Doppelbindung unter Ausbildung eines vorläufig als 1,2,4-Triazolium-3-olat 40 angesprochenen 1:1-Adduktes an. Mit der Umwandlung 41 → 42 wird erstmals eine intramolekulare [π2+σ2+σ2]-Thermocycloaddition verwirklicht. Von anti-9,9′-Bi[(1α,2β,5β,6α)-tricyclo[4.2.1.02,5]nona-3,7-dienyliden]-3,3′,4,4′-tetracarbonsäuretetramethylester (14a) und seinem exo-Epoxid 23 wurden Röntgenstrukturanalysen durchgeführt.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 35
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thermolysis of Tetramethyl anti-9,9′-Bi[(1α,2β,5β,6α)-tricyclo[4.2.1.02,5]nona-3,7-dienylidene]-3,3′,4,4′-tetracarboxylate An Efficient Intramolecular 1,4-Cyclohexanediyl Interception - A Multistep Isomerisation SequenceThe thermolysis of the anti-pentaene-tetraester 1, which is of interest in connection with its photochemistry, is examined. At 120°C 1 undergoes a uniform isomerisation with participation of four bonds to the octacycle 4. From the behaviour of several model compounds (2, 10-14) it is concluded that the transformation 1 → 4 begins with the 1,6-bridging between one of the orthogonal 1,5-diene segments and proceeds via a cascade of stabilised diradicals (5-7). This implies a quantitative, intramolecular interception of the 1,4-diyl intermediate (5) of the Cope reaction. Starting from 4 four additional, consecutively formed hepta- and hexacyclic isomerisation products (21 and 24-26) are isolated between 160 and 210°C. An x-ray structural analysis confirms the structure of 24.
    Notes: Die im Zusammenhang mit der Photochemie interessierende Thermolyse des anti-Pentaen-tetraesters 1 wird untersucht. 1 geht bei 120°C unter Beteiligung von vier Bindungen einheitlich in den isomeren Octacyclus 4 über. Aus dem Verhalten mehrerer Modellverbindungen (2, 10-14) wird geschlossen, daß die Umwandlung 1 → 4 mit der 1,6-Überbrückung in einem der orthogonalen 1,5-Diensegmente eingesetzt und über eine Kaskade stabilisierter Diradikale (5-7) abläuft. Damit ist impliziert, daß die 1,4-Diyl-Vorstufe der Cope-Reaktion (5) quantitativ intramolekular abgefangen wird. Ausgehend von 4 werden zwischen 160 und 210°C mit 21 und 24-26 vier weitere konsekutiv gebildete hepta- bzw. hexacyclische Isomerisierungsprodukte isoliert. Davon ist die Struktur 24 durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse bewiesen.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2125-2134 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Polycyclic Compounds, XXI. Synthesis of Isomeric Benz[c]azepine Derivatives by 1,3-Transposition of the Nitrogen Function in the Seven-membered Ring SystemThe easily available oxanorbornadienes 1a and 1b are converted to various isomeric benz[c]azepine derivatives. The change of the position of the acetylated nitrogen in the seven-membered ring relative to the methoxycarbonyl groups in the six-membered ring by the reaction sequence 1 → 4 → 5 can be considered as a 1,3-transposition of the nitrogen function.
    Notes: Die leicht zugänglichen Oxanorbornadiene 1a und 1b können zu verschiedenen isomeren Benz[c]azepin-Derivaten abgewandelt werden. Die Änderung der Stellung des acetylierten Stickstoffs im Siebenring relative zu den Methoxycarbonylgruppen im Sechsring durch die Reaktionsfolge 1 → 4 → 5 kann als 1,3-Transposition der Stickstoff-Funktion aufgefaßt werden.
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  • 37
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2076-2124 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Element-Organic Amine/Imine Compounds, XXIII. Rotamers of Aminophosphanes and AminophosphoranesThe diazaphosphasiletidines 3a-h can be synthesized from R2Si(NCR3Li)2 and Cl2PNR1R2 (1) as well as from (2) and MNR1R2 (R = CH3). At ambient temperature they show hindered rotation about the P—NR1R2 bond. 3g is separated as a pair of E/Z-rotamers, whose structure has been elucidated by NMR and X-ray analyses. The kinetically measured P—N rotation barriers (ΔG± ≍ 30 kcal · mol-1) are until now the highest that have been measured. The isomerization of 3g(E) → 3g(Z) (P—N) rotation, P inversion, or both) is a P—N rotation which has been established by the synthesis and the NMR spectroscopically measured rearrangement of (3i) (R = CH3, four isomers). The interaction of 3a-h with sulfur, selenium, and methyl iodide gives 4-6a-h. Below 0°C they all show hindered rotation about the P - NR1R2 bond. 4 and 5 are suitable for the study of the structure dependence of 1H NMR ASIS effects. The oxidation of 3g(E/Z) to the isomers 4g-6g(E/Z) occurs with retention of configuration. These compounds show significant differences with respect to their thermal stability and their reaction with methanol. The comparison of the ΔG± values of the P—N rotation barriers of 3-6 shows that the steric influence of the exo-amino substituents R1 and R2 is most important. The E/Z equilibrium of the unsymmetrically substituted compounds gives evidence that the two ground states of P—;N rotation are mostly influenced sterically, possible also electronically.
    Notes: Die Diazaphosphasiletidine 3a-h lassen sich aus R2Si(NCR3Li)2 und Cl2PNR1R2 (1) sowie aus (2) und MNR1R2 (R = CH3) darstellen. Sie weisen bei Raumtemperatur eine Rotationsbehinderung um die P—NR1R2-Bindung auf; 3g wird als E/Z-Rotamerenpaar getrennt und durch NMR- und Röntgenstrukturanalyse charakterisiert. Seine kinetisch ermittelten P—N-Rotationsbarrieren (ΔG± = ca. 30 kcal · mol-1) sind die bislang höchsten bestimmten Werte. Die Umlagerung von 3g(E) → 3g(Z) (P—N-Rotation, P-Inversion oder beides) ist eine P—N-Rotation, was durch Synthese und NMR-spektroskopische Verfolgung der Umlagerung des Isomerengemisches (3i) (R = CH3, vier Isomere) bewiesen wurde. Die Umsetzung von 3a-h mit Schwefel, Selen und Methyliodid ergibt 4-6a-h, die alle unterhalb 0°C eine Rotationsbehinderung um die P—NR1R2-Bindung aufweisen. 4 und 5 sind für das Studium der Strukturabhängigkeit von 1H-NMR-ASIS-Effekten geeignet. Die unter Konfigurationserhalt ablaufende Oxidation von 3g(E/Z) ergibt die Isomerenpaare 4g-6g(E/Z), die bemerkenswerte Unterschiede in bezug auf ihre Methanolyse- bzw. thermische Stabilität aufweisen. Der Vergleich der ΔG±-Werte für die P—N-Rotationsbarriere bei 3-6 zeigt, daß hier vorrangig der sterische Einfluß der exoständigen Aminosubstituenten R1, R2 verantwortlich ist. Aus den E/Z-Gleichgewichtslagen der unsymmetrisch substituierten Verbindungen erkennt man, daß auch die beiden Grundzustände der P—N-Rotation stark sterisch, möglicherweise aber auch elektronisch beeinflußt sind.
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  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2135-2140 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Fluorination Reactions at 3,4-Dichloro-1,2,5-thiadiazoleFrom the title compound 1 and KF in sulfolane 3-chloro-4-fluoro- (2) and 3,4-difluoro-1,2,5-thiadiazole (3) are obtained. In the reaction with oxidizing fluorinating agents, e. g. XeF2, BrF3, or AgF2, 2 is the primary product. Cleavage of the ring system at one of the S=N bonds gives the bifunctional ethane derivatives ClNCClCF2NSF2 (5), ClNCFCF2NSF2 (6), Cl2NCF2CF2NSF2 (7), and (=NCF2CF2NSF2)2 (8).
    Notes: Durch Umsetzung der Titelverbindung 1 mit KF in Sulfolan werden 3-Chlor-4-fluor-(2) und 3,4-Difluor-1,2,5-thiadiazol (3) erhalten. Die Reaktionen mit oxidierenden Fluorierungsmitteln wie XeF2, BrF3 oder AgF2 führen über 2 als Zwischenprodukt zur Spaltung des Ringsystems an einer der S=N-Bindungen. Dabei entstehen die bifunktionellen Ethanderivate CINCCICF2NSF2 (5), ClNCFCF2NSF2 (6), Cl2NCF2CF2NSF2 (7) und (=NCF2CF2NSF2)2 (8).
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  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2141-2152 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cyclic Diazastannylenes, XIII. [SnN2(CH3)2]4 and [SnNCH(CH3)2]4, Molecules with Cubane-like Structures1,3-Di-tert-butyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3,2,4λ2-diazasilastannetidine (1) reacts in benzene with N,N-dimethylhydrazine spontanously and with isopropylamine after warming shortly to yield N,N′-di-tert-butyl-Si,Si-dimethylsilazane (2) and the tetrameric molecules (SnN2Me2)4 (5) and (SnNCHMe2)4 (6). An X-ray structure determination (R = 0.026) proves 5 to be built of a very distorted Sn4N4-cube, the nitrogen atoms being attached to dimethylamino groups. In the crystal the molecules are linked together by Sn—Sn contacts (351 pm) forming a zick-zack band, which runs in the direction of the hexagonal axis. Typical Sn—N bond lengths are found to be 220.9 and 225.1 pm, while the mean N—N distance is 146.2 pm. When heated or by contact with oxygen the crystals of 5 decompose vehemently: the products are found to be β-tin, molecular nitrogen, and varying amounts of methane, ethane, and dimethylamine (by contact with oxygen small amounts of tin(II)-oxide are formed as well).
    Notes: 1,3-Di-tert-butyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3,2,4λ2-diazasilastannetidin (1) reagiert in Benzol mit N,N-Dimethylhydrazin spontan und mit Isopropylamin nach kurzem Erwärmen zu N,N′-Di-tert-butyl-Si,Si-dimethylsilazan (2) und den Tetrameren (SnN2Me2)4 (5) und (SnNCHMe2)4 (6). Eine Röntgenstrukturbestimmung (R = 0.026) zeigt, daß 5 einen stark verzerrten Sn4N4-Kubus besitzt, an dessen Stickstoffatome Dimethylaminogruppen gebunden sind. Im Kristall sind die Moleküle über Sn—Sn-Kontakte (351 pm) zu einem Zickzack-Band verknüpft, das in Richtung der hexagonalen Achse verläuft. Typische Sn—N-Bindungslängen liegen bei 220.9 und 225.1 pm, während für N—N 146.2 pm ermittelt werden. Beim Erhitzen sowie bei Sauerstoffzufuhr zersetzen sich die Kristalle von 5 heftig: als Produkte erhält man β-Zinn, molekularen Stickstoff und in wechselnden Mengen Methan, Ethan und Dimethylamin (bei Sauerstoffeinwirkung auch geringe Mengen an Zinn(II)-oxid).
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  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2153-2174 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Phosphinomethyl-Komplexe des Zirconiums: Eine MO-Studie über Struktur-, Bindungs- und ReaktivitätsproblemeDie Elektronenstruktur und Geometrie gewinkelter Phosphinomethyl-Sandwichkomplexe von ZrIV und ZrIII wird mit Hilfe von Molekülorbital-Berechnungen untersucht. Fragmentorbital-Betrachtungen und störungstheoretische Argumente werden verwandt, um die ungewöhnliche experimentelle Struktur von Cp2ZrCl(CH2PPh2) (1) zu erklären. Der Einfluß verschiedener Faktoren auf einzähnige (η1) gegenüber zweizähniger (η2) Koordination eines Phosphinomethyl-Liganden in Zirconocenderivaten wird analysiert, eine verallgemeinernde Extrapolation auf andere Cp2M(X)()-Systeme (: potentiell ein- oder zweizähniger Ligand) ist möglich. Strukturelle und chemische Konsequenzen der Ein-Elektronen-Reduktion von 1 werden auf der Basis von MO-Berechnungen interpretiert. besitzt demnach einen η1-Phosphinomethylliganden und erweist sich als instabil gegenüber heterolytischer Abspaltung von Cl- oder CH2PPh2-. Die Berechnungen ergeben für die Grundzustandsstruktur von Cp2Zr(CH2PPh2) η2-Koordination der Phosphinomethylgruppe, diese Struktur ist konsistent mit dem beobachtbaren ESR-Spektrum des Reduktionsproduktes von 1.
    Notes: The electronic structure and geometry of bent sandwich phosphinomethyl complexes of ZrIV and ZrIII have been investigated by means of molecular orbital calculations. A fragment MO approach and perturbation arguments are utilized to explain the unusual experimental structure of Cp2ZrCl(CH2PPh2) (1). Various factors influencing monodentate (η1) vs. bidentate (η2) ligand coordination of a phosphinomethyl ligand in zirconocene derivatives are analyzed, allowing to extrapolate to other Cp2M(X)() systems (: potentially mono- or bidentate ligand) in general. Structural and chemical consequences of one electron reduction of 1 are interpreted on the basis of the MO calculations. is shown to possess an η1-phosphinomethyl ligand and to be unstable towards heterolytic loss of Cl- or CH2—PPh2-. The ground state structure of d1-Cp2Zr(CH2PPh2) is calculated to contain an η2-phosphinomethyl group, consistent with the observed ESR spectrum of the reduction product of 1.
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  • 41
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cyclopropenes as Complex Ligands: Metal Induced Ring Opening and Carbonylation of a Bicyclopropenyl with Formation of a Tropone Derivative. The Crystal Structure of Tricarbonyl(4-7-η4-2,3,5,7-tetraphenyl-2,4,6-cycloheptatrien-1-one)-iron, (C6H2Ph4CO)Fe(CO)32,2′,3,3′-Tetraphenylbi-2-cyclopropen-1-yl (1) reacts with Fe2(CO)9 at room temperature to form (4-7-η4-2,3,5,7-tetraphenyl-2,4,6-cycloheptatrien-1-one)Fe(CO)3 (3). This unexpected transformation of a bicyclopropenyl derivative into a tropone complex involves the opening of both cyclopropene rings, insertion of CO, and ring closure. Oxidation with Cer(IV) yields the uncomplexed tropone derivative. The crystal structure of the title compound 3 has been determined.
    Notes: 2,2′,3,3′-Tetraphenylbi-2-cyclopropen-1-yl (1) und Fe2(CO)9 reagieren bei Raumtemperatur unter Bildung von (4-7-η4-2,3,5,7-Tetraphenyl-2,4,6-cycloheptatrien-1-on)Fe(CO)3 (3). Diese unerwartete Umlagerung eines Bicyclopropenyl-Derivats in einen Tropon-Komplex verläuft unter Öffnung beider Cyclopropen-Ringe, CO-Einschub und Ringschluß. Oxidation mit Cer(IV) liefert daraus das freie Tropon-Derivat. Die Kristallstruktur der Titelverbindung 3 wurde bestimmt.
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  • 42
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2192-2201 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Small Rings, 41. Oxirene: Intermediate or Transition State? Matrix Irradiation of DiazoketonesOn irradiation of diazoketones - even of those which do not undergo a Wolff rearrangement under standard conditions - in an argon matrix at 10 K oxirenes (or acylcarbenes) cannot be detected directly.
    Notes: Bei der Belichtung von Diazoketonen - auch von solchen, die unter Normalbedingungen keine Wolff-Umlagerung zeigen - in einer Argonmatrix bei 10 K können Oxirene (oder Acylcarbene) nicht direkt beobachtet werden.
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  • 43
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2202-2213 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Small Rings, 42. Attempts to Prepare Oxirenes via Photochemical CycloreversionsPhotochemically induced cycloreversions, which are ideally suited for the matrix isolation of cyclobutadienes, cannot be used for an analogous preparation and identification of oxirenes. In some cases ketenes are formed instead.
    Notes: Photochemisch induzierte Cycloreversionen, die sich bei der Matrixisolation von Cyclobutadienen bestens bewährt haben, lassen sich nicht auf eine analoge Erzeugung und den Nachweis von Oxirenen übertragen; stattdessen werden in einigen Fällen Ketene erhalten.
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  • 44
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 3618-3630 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Carbonyl Monoolefin Derivatives of the Group VI Transition Metals, III. Preparation and Reaction and Reactivity of Tricarbonyl Chelate Phosphane Olefin DerivativesMonoolefin complexes M(CO)3(R2PC2H4PR2)(ol) (M = Cr, Mo, W; R = CH3, C6H5; ol = maleic anhydride, dimethyl fumarate, dimethyl maleate, methyl acrylate, ethylene, styrene, norbornene) are obtained photochemically from the tetracarbonyl chelate phosphane derivatives. Facial complexes are formed primarily, some of which rearrange intramolecularly to the meridional isomers. The substitution of the olefin proceeds via a dissociative mechanism, the meridional isomers rearrange back to the facial ones prior to the rupture of the metal-olefin bond.
    Notes: Monoolefin-Komplexe M(CO)3(R2PC2H4PR2)(ol) (M = Cr, Mo, W; R = CH3, C6H5; ol = Maleinsäureanhydrid, Dimethylfumarat, Dimethylmaleat, Methylacrylat, Ethylen, Styrol, Norbornen) sind photochemisch aus den Tetracarbonyl-Chelatphosphan-Derivaten zugänglich. Es entstehen zunächst faciale Komplexe, die sich zum Teil rasch intramolekular in die meridionalen Isomeren umlagern. Die Substitution des Olefins verläuft nach einem dissoziativen Mechanismus, der Spaltung der Metall-Olefin-Bindung geht bei den meridionalen Derivaten die intramolekulare meridional-facial-Isomerisierung voraus.
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  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2181-2191 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation, Structure, and Thermal Behaviour of (2-Chloroacyl)diphenylphosphanes - a New Pathway to ChloroketenesThe chlorinated acylphosphanes RC(O)—PPh2 (2a-f) are obtained by the reaction of the acyl chlorides RC(O)Cl (1a-f) with (CH3)3SiPPh2 in ether at -80°C. HCCl2C(O)—PPh2 (2c) crystallizes monoclinicly in the space group P21/c with Z = 8. As a result of steric caused electronic effects with increasing degree of chlorination in the series 2b → 2c → 2d a stepwise high field shift of the signals in the 31P{1H}-NMR spectra is observed. 2b-d,f are thermally labile and decompose with formation of ClPPh2 (3) and ketene at 80°C. The chloroketenes HCClCO (4) and CH3CClCO (5) are detected for the first time directly by means of their 13C NMR spectra. Between 0 and 40°C 2d also yields Cl3PPh2 (6). With cyclohexene or aniline 4 reacts to give the trapping products 8 and 9, respectively.
    Notes: Die chlorierten Acylphosphane RC(O)—PPh2 (2a-f) erhält man bei -80°C durch Umsetzung der Säurechloride RC(O)Cl (1a-f) mit (CH3)3SiPPh2 in Ether. HCCl2C(O)—PPh2 (2c) kristallisiert monoklin in der Raumgruppe P21/c mit Z = 8. Infolge sterisch bedingter elektronischer Effekte beobachtet man mit zunehmendem Chlorierungsgrad in der Reihe 2b ° 2c → 2d eine schrittweise Hochfeldverschiebung der Signale in den 31P{1H}-NMR-Spektren. 2b-d,f sind thermisch labil und zerfallen bei 80°C unter Bildung von ClPPh2 (3) und Keten. Die Chlorketene HCClCO (4) und CH3CClCO (5) konnten erstmals direkt durch ihre 13C-NMR-Spektren nachgewiesen werden. Zwischen 0 und 40°C liefert 2d auch Cl3PPh2 (6). Mit Cyclohexen oder Anilin reagiert 4 zu den Abfangprodukten 8 bzw. 9.
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  • 46
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2242-2255 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions, 86. Aromatic Azoxy Compounds and Strained Cycloalkenes4,4′-Dicyano- and 4,4′-dinitroazoxybenzene as well as benzo[c]cinnoline N-oxide combine with (E)-cyclooctene or (1E, 5Z)-1,5-cyclooctadiene to give bicyclic 1,2,3-oxadiaxolidines which undergo in situ 1,3-dipolar cycloreversion with opening of both rings. Azomethine imines are formed which are connected by a hexamethylene chain with an aldehyde function. These new 1,3-dipoles add to a second molecule of the strained cycloalkene and furnish derivatives of cyclooctapyrazole as 1:2 adducts in high yields. A 1,4 H-shift of the intermediate azomethine imine competes at low concentration of the (E)-cyclooctene and produces an 8-hydrazino-7-octenal as a 1:1 product.
    Notes: 4,4′-Dicyan- und 4,4′-Dinitroazoxybenzol sowie Benzo[c]cinnolin-N-oxid vereinigen sich mit (E)-Cycloocten und (1E, 5Z)-1,5-Cyclooctadien zu bicyclischen 1,2,3-Oxadiazolidinen, die in situ unter Öffnung beider Ringe 1,3-dipolare Cycloreversion erleiden. Die entstehenden Azomethinimine, die über eine Hexamethylen-Kette mit einer Aldehydgruppe verbunden sind, addieren sich an ein zweites Molekül des gespannten Cycloalkens unter Bildung von Derivaten des Cyclooctapyrazols in hoher Ausbeute. Mit der Bildung dieser 1:2-Addukte konkurriert bei niedriger Konzentration des (E)-Cyclooctens eine 1,4-H-Verschiebung des intermediären Azomethin-imins, die zum Enhydrazin als 1:1-Produkt führt.
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  • 47
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2229-2241 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Steric Course of the Substitution at the Cyclopropane Skeleton by Cobal(I)oxime. Synthesis and Characterisation of Cyclopropylcobaloximes7,7-Dibromodibenzo[b,d]norcaradiene (1) as well as exo- and endo-7-bromodibenzo[b,d]norcaradiene (2a and b) were synthesized and reacted with cobal(I)oxime. (7-Bromodibenzo[b,d]norcaradien-7-yl)(pyridine)cobaloxime (5) was formed from 1 beside some (dibenzo[b,d]norcaradien-7-yl)(pyridine)cobaloxime (6) and (dibenzo[a,c]cycloheptatrien-6-yl)(pyridine)cobaloxime (4), whereas the reaction of 2a yielded 6 as the sole alkylcobaloxime. Under the same conditions 2b was inert. 4-6 were characterized by X-ray crystallography and spectroscopic methods. The substitution in 2a took place with retention, whereas the analogous substitution in the two enantiomeric 1-bromo-1-methyl-2,2-diphenylcyclopropanes (8a and b) occured with racemisation. This shows that the observed retention was caused merely by steric effects and that cyclopropyl radical intermediates occurred in both cases.
    Notes: 7,7-Dibromdibenzo[b,d]norcaradien (1) sowie exo- und endo-7-Bromdibenzo[b,d]norcaradien (2a und b) wurden synthetisiert und mit Cobal(I)oxim umgesetzt. Aus 1 erhielt man (7-Bromdibenzo[b,d]norcaradien-7-yl)(pyridin)cobaloxim (5) neben (Dibenzo[b,d]norcaradien-7-yl)(pyridin)cobaloxim (6) und (Dibenzo[a,c]cycloheptatrien-6-yl)(pyridin)cobaloxim (4), während aus 2a als einziges Alkylcobaloxim 6 gebildet wurde. 2b war unter denselben Reaktionsbedingungen inert. 4-6 wurden durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse und Spektren charakterisiert. Die Substitution an 2a erfolgte unter Retention, die analoge Substitution an den beiden enantiomeren 1-Brom-1-methyl-2,2-diphenylcyclopropanen (8a und b) dagegen unter Racemisierung. Dies zeigt, daß die im ersten Fall beobachtete Retention lediglich sterischen Effekten zuzuschreiben ist und in beiden Fällen eine freie Cyclopropyl-Radikal-Zwischenstufe auftritt.
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  • 48
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Antitumor Active cis-Platinum(II) Complexes with α-Amino Acid Esters and Peptide Esters. X-Ray Structure of cis-Dichlorobis(glycylglycine ethyl ester)platinum(II)A series of cis-platinum(II) complexes X2PtL2 (1-4) (X = halide, 2X = oxalate, malonate; L = α-amino acid ester, peptide ester) has been obtained from Pt42- and L. The dipeptide ester complexes are also accessible via peptide synthesis at the complex from Cl2Pt(NH2CHRCO2H)2 and α-amino acid esters using carbodiimide as coupling agent and the platinum atom as amino protecting group. The complexes Cl2PtL2 with α-amino acid ester ligands have also been prepared from the bis(chelate) compounds cis-Pt(NH2CHRCO2)2 and alcohol in the presence of HCl. The complexes have been characterized by their spectroscopic data, cis-Cl2Pt(GlyGlyOEt)2 (2a) by an X-ray analysis.
    Notes: Eine Reihe von cis-Platin(II)-Komplexen X2PtL2(1-4) (X = Halogenid, 2X = Oxalat, Malonat; L = α-Aminosäureester, Peptidester) wird aus PtX42- und L erhalten. Entsprechende Komplexe mit Dipeptidester-Liganden sind auch durch Peptidsynthese am Komplex aus Cl2Pt-(NH2CHRCO2H)2 und α-Aminosäureestern mit Carbodiimid als Kupplungskomponente und Platin als Aminoschutzgruppe zugänglich. Die Verbindungen Cl2PtL2 mit α-Aminosäureester-Liganden lassen sich auch aus den Bis(chelat)-Komplexen cis-Pt(NH2CHRCO2)2 und Alkohol in Gegenwart von HCl gewinnen. Die cis-Struktur der Verbindungen wurde spektroskopisch, die von Cl2Pt(GlyGlyOEt)2 (2a) durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse nachgewiesen.
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  • 49
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Konformation von Tetraaryl-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanen und Tetra- und Pentaaryl-1,3-diazaadamantanen in Lösung. Eine NMR-StudieDie 1H-NMR-Spektren einer Reihe von Tetraaryl-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanen 5-12 wurden mit Hilfe der Kern-Overhauser-Differenz-Spektroskopie zugeordnet. Aufgrund der NOE-Effekte und Spin-Gitter-Relaxationszeiten ließ sich zeigen, daß diese Moleküle die Sessel-Boot-Konformation einnehmen, wobei alle Arylgruppen äquatorial stehen. Diese Konformation und die Torsionswinkel der Arylgruppen ähneln denen, die im festen Zustand gefunden wurden. Analoge Untersuchungen wurden mit den Tetra- und Pentaaryl-1,3-diazaadamantanen 3, 4, 13 und 14 durchgeführt. Die beiden 1,3-diaxial orientierten Arylgruppen zeigen in diesen Systemen eine überraschend niedrige Rotationsbarriere (4b: δG298≠ = 42 kJ. mol-1). Die chemischen Verschiebungen in den 13C-NMR-Spektren aller Verbindungen werden mitgeteilt. Die der 3,7-Diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane 5-12 stehen im Einklang mit der vorgeschlagenen Sessel-Boot-Konformation. Das gleiche gilt für die chemischen Verschiebungen in den 15N-NMR-Spektren und die 13C-15N-Kopplungskonstanten. Die Reduktion des 4,8,9,10-Tetrakis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-diaza-6-adamantanons (4b) führt stereoselektiv zum Alkohol 15, der sich säurekatalysiert leicht in 16 umlagert, den ersten Vertreter des 9-Oxa-1,5-diazatricyclo[5.3.1.03,8]undecan-Ringsystems.
    Notes: The proton NMR spectra of a series of tetraaryl-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes, 5-12, have been assigned with the aid of nuclear Overhauser difference spectroscopy. The NOE's together with spin lattice relaxation times have been used to show that these molecules adopt the chair-boat conformation with all aryl groups being equatorial. This conformation and the torsional angles of the aryl groups are similar to those found in the solid state. Analogous studies have been carried out with tetra- and pentaaryl-1,3-diazaadamantanes, 3, 4, 13, and 14. A surprisingly low barrier of rotation (4b: δG298≠ = 42 kJ. mol-1) has been found for the two 1,3-diaxially oriented aryl groups in these systems. Carbon-13 chemical shift data are reported for the above compounds. Those of the 3,7-diazabicyclononanes 5-12 are found to be consistent with the proposed chair-boat conformation. Nitrogen-15 chemical shift data and 13C-15N coupling constants are also in accord with this conformation. A stereoselective reduction of 4,8,9,10-tetrakis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-diaza-6-adamantanone (4b) to the corresponding alcohol 15 and the ready acidcatalyzed rearrangement of this alcohol to 16, the first example of the 9-oxa-1,5-diazatricyclo-[5.3.1.03,8]undecane ring system, is described.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2865-2871 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Internal Mobility in the Ion Pairs during Aromatic Rearrangement of O-Sulfonyl-N-phenylhydroxylaminesIn the rearrangement of O-alkyl- or O-arylsulfonyl-N-benzoyl-N-phenylhydroxylamines 3 to aminophenols 4, the internal mobility in the ion pair intermediates depends both on the size of the alkyl groups and on the interaction with the protic solvent, as was shown by 18O labeled educts.
    Notes: Bei der Umlagerung von O-Alkyl- bzw. O-Arylsulfonyl-N-benzoyl-N-phenylhydroxylaminen 3 in Aminophenole 4 wird durch 18O-Indizierung gezeigt, daß die Beweglichkeit in den intermediär gebildeten Ionenpaaren durch große Alkylreste sowie durch Wechselwirkung mit einem protischen Lösungsmittel in typischer Weise verändert wird.
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  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2927-2934 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Soluble Perylene Fluorescent Dyes with High PhotostabilityThe preparation of several 3,4,9,10-perylenebis(dicarboximides) 1 is described and their photostability quantitatively determined and discussed. It is shown, that substitution of the insoluble perylene dye pigments with tert-butyl groups causes solubility in organic solvents leading to high quantum yields of these dyes.
    Notes: Die Darstellung einer Reihe von 3,4,9,10-Perylentetracarbonsäurediimiden 1 wird beschrieben und deren Lichtechtheit quantitativ untersucht und diskutiert. Es läß sich zeigen, daß durch Einführung von tert-Butyl-Substituenten die als sehr schwerlöslich bekannten Perylen-Pigmentfarbstoffe in organischen Solventien leicht löslich werden und mit hohen Quantenausbeuten fluoreszieren.
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  • 52
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Studies on the Reactivity of Metal π-Complexes, XXXVI. Dinuclear Sandwich Complexes Containing a Metal-Metal Bond: Synthesis and Structure of (μ-C5H5)2Pd2(PR3)2The complexes (C5H5)2Pd2(PR3)2 (1-6) are prepared by reduction of C5H5Pd(PR3)OCOCH3 with NaK2.8 or in a one-pot synthesis by reaction of [(PR3)PdCl]2(μ-OCOCH3)2 with 4 equivalents TlC5H5. The triphenyl phosphite complex (C5H5)2Pd2[P(OPh)3]2 (7) is obtained from [P(OPh)3PdCl2]2 and TlC5H5. The X-ray structure analysis of (C5H5)2Pd2(PEt3)2 (5) shows that the two planar cyclopentadienyl ligands are coordinated sandwich-like to the Pd2(PR3)2 unit; according to the bond angle P—Pd—Pd = 175.45° the P—Pd—Pd—P arrangement is nearly linear. The different C—C distances in the five-membered rings point to the presence of an „allyl-ene“ system and thus to a trihapto- (h3) coordination of the C5H5 ligands.
    Notes: Die Komplexe (C5H5)2Pd2(PR3)2 (1-6) sind durch Reduktion von C5H5Pd(PR3)OCOCH3 mit NaK2.8 oder in einer Eintopfsynthese durch Umsetzung von [(PR3)PdCl]2(μ-OCOCH3)2 mit 4 äquivalenten TlC5H5 erhältlich. Der Triphenylphosphit-Komplex (C5H5)2Pd2[P(OPh)3]2 (7) entsteht aus [P(OPh)3Pdl2]2 und TlC5H5. Die Röntgenstrukturanalyse von (C5H5)2Pd2(PEt3)2 (5) zeigt, daß die beiden planaren Cyclopentadienylliganden sandwich-artig an die Pd2(PR3)2-Einheit koordiniert sind; die Anordnung P—Pd—Pd—P ist mit einem Bindungswinkel P—Pd—Pd von 175.45° nahezu linear. Die unterschiedlichen C—C-Abstände in den Fünfringen weisen auf das Vorliegen eines „allyl-ene“-Systems und damit auf eine trihapto- (h3)-Koordination der C5H5-Liganden hin.
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  • 53
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Studies on the Reactivity of Metal π-Complexes, XXXVII. Bridge-Exchange Reactions with Dinuclear μ-(Cyclopentadienyl)-dipalladium Complexes: Synthesis of Sandwich-like Heterometallic Pd2Cr and Pd2Mo ClustersThe dimetal sandwich complexes (C5H5)2Pd2(PR3)2 (I) react with carboxylic acids R'CO2H and thiols R'SH by exchanging one cyclopentadienyl bridge to yield the compounds (C5H5)(OCOR')-Pd2(PR3)2 (1-6) and (C5H5)(SR')Pd2(PR3)2 (7-12). Displacement of the cyclopentadienyl and not of the allyl ligand also occurs in the reactions of (C5H5)(2-RC3H4)Pd2[P(iPr)3]2 (II) with R'CO2H and R'SH with formation of the dinuclear μ-(allyl)-dipalladium compounds (2-RC3H4)-(OCOR')Pd2[P(iPr)3]2 (13-23) and (2-RC3H4)(SR')Pd2[P(iPr)3)2 (24-27). The reaction of (C5H5)-(2-MeC3H4)Pd2(P(iPr)3]2 (IIa) with terephthalic acid leads to the tetranuclear complex 28. The trinuclear heterometallic clusters 29, 30 are obtained by bridge-exchange starting from (C5H5)(OCO-tBu)Pd2[P(iPr)3]2 (4) and Na[C5H5Cr(CO)3] or Na[C5H5Mo(CO)3], respectively.
    Notes: Die Dimetall-Sandwichkomplexe (C5H5)2Pd2(PR3)2 (I) reagieren mit Carbonsäuren R'CO2H und Thiolen R'SH unter Austausch einer Cyclopentadienyl-Brücke zu den Verbindungen (C5H5)-(OCOR')Pd2(PR3)2 (1-6) und (C5H5)(SR')Pd2(PR3)2 (7-12). Bei den Umsetzungen der Komplexe (C5H5)(2-RC3H4)Pd2[P(iPr)3]2 (II) mit R'CO2H und R'SH wird ebenfalls der Cyclopentadienyl- und nicht der Allyl-Ligand verdrängt, so daß die zweikernigen μ-(Allyl)-dipalladium-Verbindungen (2-RC3H4)(OCOR')Pd2[P(iPr)3]2 (13-23) und (2-RC3H4)(SR')Pd2[P(iPr)3]2 (24-27) entstehen. Die Reaktion von (C5H5)(2-MeC3H4)Pd2[P(iPr)3]2 (IIa) mit Terephthalsäure führt zu dem Vierkernkomplex 28. Durch Brückenaustausch sind aus (C5H5)(OCO-tBu)Pd2[P(iPr)3]2 (4) und Na[C5H5Cr(CO)3] bzw. Na[C5H5Mo(CO)3] die dreikernigen heterometallischen Cluster 29, 30 zugänglich.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2965-2980 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations on Diazo Compounds and Azides, XLII. (Diazomethyl)cyclopropenes by Electrophilic Diazoalkane SubstitutionThe (diazomethyl)cyclopropenes 9 and 10 are formed via electrophilic diazoalkane substitution preferably of diazomethylphosphoryl compounds with cyclopropenylium salts. Either the diazomethyl compounds (7a-c) react with the cyclopropenylium salts 6a-e in the presence of triethylamine (method A) or the metallated diazo compounds 8a-d are combined with the cyclopropenylium bromides 6c-e (method B) (details see table 1). The (diazomethyl)cyclopropenes undergo a novel type of isomerization to pyridazines, partly without heating (9d-f → 11b-d), partly by refluxing in toluene (9a,g → 11a,e as well as 10e,f → 12a,b). The bicyclic betaines 15 and 17 are supposed to be intermediates. The diazomethyl compounds 9a and b yield the α,β- unsaturated ketones 20a and b by acid-catalyzed decomposition.
    Notes: Die (Diazomethyl)cyclopropene 9 und 10 entstehen durch elektrophile Substitution vorzugsweise von Diazomethylphosphorylverbindungen mit Cyclopropenyliumsalzen. Man setzt entweder die Diazomethylverbindungen selbst (7a-c) in Gegenwart von Triethylamin mit den Cyclopropenyliumsalzen 6a-e um (Methode A) oder läßt die metallierten Diazoverbindungen 8a-d mit den Cyclopropenyliumbromiden 6c-e reagieren (Methode B) (Details s. Tab. 1). Die (Diazomethyl)-cyclopropene gehen teils ohne Erwärmen (9d-f → 11b-d), teils beim Erhitzen in Toluol (9a,g → 11a,e sowie 10e,f → 12a,b) eine neuartige Isomerisierung zu Pyridazinen ein; Zwischenstufen sind vermutlich die bicyclischen Betaine 15 und 17. Die Diazomethylverbindungen 9a und b liefern bei der säurekatalysierten Zersetzung die α,β-ungesättigten Ketone 20a und b.
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  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2981-2996 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Structural Chemical Investigations on Compounds with Formal , and Heteroallene UnitsX-ray structures and syntheses of an (alkylidenamino)sulfonium salt (8), of an (alkylidenamino)-phosphonium salt (9c), and of a sulfimidophosphonium salt (10) are reported. These compounds which can formally be regarded as heteroallenes , , and , resp., are bent pseudoallenes in the crystal. The C—N—S bond angle of 8 is 118°. The positive charge is located on sulfur. According to 13C DNMR measurements 8 is bent also in solution. The bond angle of the C—N—P unit in solid 9c is 128°. The positive charge is delocalized between P and N. The activation energy of the geometrical isomerization around the C=N double bond in 9a, e in solution has been measured by dynamic 13C NMR spectroscopy to be ΔGTc≠ = 32.5 and 30.6 ± 1 kJmol-1, respectively. The S—N—P bond angle in 10 is 124°. The positive charge is delocalized between S and P.
    Notes: Es werden Synthesen und Röntgenstrukturanalysen eines (Alkylidenamino)sulfoniumsalzes (8), eines (Alkylidenamino)phosphoniumsalzes (9c) und eines Sulfimidophosphoniumsalzes (10) beschrieben. Diese als Heteroallene , bzw. formulierbaren Verbindungen sind im Kristall alle gewinkelte Pseudoallene. Verbindung 8 zeigt einen C-N-S-Bindungswinkel von 118°. Die positive Ladung ist am Schwefel lokalisiert. Nach 13C-DNMR-Messungen liegt 8 auch in Lösung gewinkelt vor. Der Bindungswinkel der C—N—P-Einheit in 9c beträgt im Kristall 128°. Die positive Ladung ist zwischen P und N delokalisiert. Für die Aktivierungsenergie der geometrischen Isomerisierung um die C=N-Doppelbindung in 9a, e werden in Lösung aus temperaturabhängigen 13C-NMR-Spektren δGTc≠ = 32.5 bzw. 30.6 ± 1 kJmol-1 gemessen. Der S—N—P-Bindungswinkel in 10 beträgt 124°. Die positive Ladung ist zwischen S und P delokalisiert.
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  • 56
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Transition Metal Carbene Complexes, CXXIV. Mono- and Binuclear Biscarbene Complexes of Chromium, Molybdenum, and Tungsten and their Reaction with Boron TrihalidesThe reaction of p-phenylenedilithium with hexacarbonylchromium and -tungsten and subsequent alkylation by triethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate yields μ-[p-phenylenebis[(ethoxy)carbene]]-bis-(pentacarbonylmetal) complexes (CO)5MC(OEt)-p-C6H4-(OEt)CM(CO)5 (M = Cr (3a), W (3b)) as well as the mononuclear carbene complexes 4a and 4b. The analogous reaction of o-phenylenedilithium with metalhexacarbonyls of the VI. subgroup affords the expected mononuclear 1,4-chelated biscarbene complexes (M = Cr (5a), Mo (5b), W (5c)), while 1,2-dilithio-1,2-diphenylethane gives a mixture of mononuclear (M = Cr (6a), W (6b)) and binuclear (CO)5MC(OEt)CH(Ph)CH(Ph)-(OEt)CM(CO)5 (M = Cr (7a), W (7b)) biscarbene complexes. The aminolysis of 5a - c with dimethylamine leads to cis-tetracarbonyl[o-phenylenebis[(dimethylamino)carbene]] compounds of chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten (8a - c). 3a, b and 4a, b react with boron trihalides BX3 to form the corresponding trans-halogenocarbyne complexes 9a, b and 10a - c. Properties, spectra, and the results of an X-ray structure analysis of 9b are reported.
    Notes: Die Umsetzung von p-Phenylendilithium mit Hexacarbonylchrom und -wolfram und anschließende Alkylierung mit Triethyloxonium-tetrafluoroborat ergibt μ-[p-Phenylenbis[(ethoxy)carben]]-bis(pentacarbonylmetall)-Komplexe (CO)5MC(OEt)-p-C6H4-(OEt)CM(CO)5 (M = Cr (3a), W (3b)), sowie die einkernigen Carbenkomplexe 4a und 4b. Die analoge Reaktion von o-Phenylendilithium mit Metallhexacarbonylen der VI. Nebengruppe ergibt die erwarteten einkernigen, 1,4-chelatisierten Biscarbenkomplexe (M = Cr (5a), Mo (5b), W (5c)), während 1,2-Dilithio-1,2-diphenylethan ein Gemisch von einkernigen (M = Cr (6a), W (6b)) und zweikernigen (CO)5MC(OEt)CH(Ph)CH(Ph)(OEt)CM(CO)5 (M = Cr (7a), W (7b)) Biscarben-Komplexen liefert. Die Aminolyse von 5a-c mit Dimethylamin führt zu cis-Tetracarbonyl[o-phenylenbis[(dimethylamino)carben]]-Verbindungen von Chrom, Molybdän und Wolfram (8a-c-). 3a, b und 4a, b reagieren mit Bortrihalogeniden BX3 unter Bildung der entsprechenden trans-Halogenocarbin-Komplexe 9a, b und 10a-c. Eigenschaften, Spektren und die Ergebnisse einer Röntgenstrukturuntersuchung an 9b werden beschrieben.
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  • 57
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 3032-3041 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction of Oxygen Functions into the α-Position of β-Diketones, 8 Ozonolysis of Sulfonium Ylides(Dimethylsulfonio)diacylmethanides 1, prepared by known methods, are cleaved by equimolar amounts of ozone in aprotic medium yielding vicinal triketones 2 and DMSO. Peroxydic reaction products are not detectable.
    Notes: Auf bekannte Weise leicht zugängliche (Dimethylsulfonio)diacylmethanide 1 lassen sich in aprotischem Medium durch äquimolare Mengen Ozon zu vicinalen Triketonen 2 und DMSO spalten. Peroxidische Reaktionsprodukte sind nicht nachweisbar.
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  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 3025-3031 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Adducts of Lewis Acids with 1,2,4λ4,3,5-Trithiadiazole 1-OxideThe tittle compound 1 reacts with the Lewis acids SnCl4 and TiCl4 to yield the 2:1 adducts 1a and b and with AsF5 and SbF5 to form the 1:1 adducts 1c and d. According to the vibrational spectra and an X-ray analysis of 1a the coordination occurs via the oxygen atom. The ligands of 1a and b have cis-configuration. 1a crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21.
    Notes: Die Titelverbindung 1 reagiert mit den Lewis-Säuren SnCL4 und TiCl4 zu den 2:1-Addukten 1a und b und mit AsF5 und SbF5 zu den 1:1-Addukten 1c und d. Nach den Schwingungsspektren und einer Röntgenstrukturanalyse von 1a erfolgt die Koordination über das Sauerstoffatom, und die Liganden in 1a und b haben cis-Konfiguration. 1a kristallisiert in der monoklinen Raumgruppe P21.
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  • 59
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions to the Chemistry of Boron, 128. Investigations on Substituent Exchange Reactions using 10B Labelling: Reactions of 1,3,2-Dithiaborolanes and Related Heterocycles with Boron TribromideThe formation of the bromo derivatives from methylated dithiaza- (3) and thiadiazadiborolidines (6) and BBr3 follows the endocyclic reaction mechanism. This holds also for the substituent exchange between some 2-bromo- (9) and 2-(dialkylamino)-1,3,2-dithiaborolanes (15, 18) as demonstrated by the use of 10BBr3. An addition of BBr3 to one of the ring sulfur atoms preceeds the substitution process. Some of these adducts were isolated and the equilibrium constants of the adduct formation were determined. 3,5-Bis(diisopropylamino)-1,2,4,3,5-trithiadiborolane (22) forms also an S-adduct with 10BBr3 (23). The substituent exchange proceeds endocyclically while the same reaction involving the 3,5-bis(dimethylamino) derivative follows the exocyclic route.
    Notes: Die Überführung der methylierten Dithiaza- (3) und Thiadiazadiborolidine (6) in die Brom-Derivate mit BBr3 folgt dem endocyclischen Substitutionsmechanismus. Gleiches gilt für den Substituentenaustausch zwischen einigen 2-Brom- (9) und 2-(Dialkylamino)-1,3,2-dithiaborolanen (15, 18), wie Umsetzungen mit 10BBr3 zeigen. Dem Substitutionsprozeß geht eine Addition des BBr3 an ein Ring-Schwefelatom voraus. Einige dieser Addukte wurden isoliert und die Gleichgewichtskonstanten der Adduktbildung bestimmt. Auch 3,5-Bis(diisopropylamino)-1,2,4,3,5-trithiadiborolan (22) bildet mit 10BBr3 ein S-Addukt (23). Dies führt zur endocyclischen Substitution, während der analoge Substitutionsprozeß bei dem 3,5-Bis(dimethylamino)-Derivat exocyclisch abläuft.
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  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 3049-3062 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Transition Metal Fulvene Complexes, XX. Carbonyl Metal Complexes with Dimeric Fulvene LigandsThe synthesis and structure of four complexes (3a, 7, 9, 10) with dimeric fulvene ligands are reported. The compounds are formed in low yields by reaction of unsubstituted fulvene with Fe2(CO)9 (3a), of 6,6-diethylfulvene with Fe2(CO)9 (7), and of 6,6-bis(methylthio)fulvene with (CH3CN)3Mo(CO)3 (9 and 10), respectively. Moreover the structure of dimeric dimethylfulvene (11) has been determined by X-ray diffraction.
    Notes: Es wird über die Synthese und Struktur von vier Komplexen (3a, 7, 9, 10) mit dimeren Fulvenliganden berichtet. Die Verbindungen entstehen in geringer Ausbeute bei der Reaktion von unsubstituiertem Fulven mit Fe2(CO)9 (3a), von 6,6-Diethylfulven mit Fe2(CO)9 (7) bzw. von 6,6-Bis(methylthio)fulven mit (CH3CN)3Mo(CO)3 (9 und 10). Zusätzlich wurde die Struktur des dimeren Dimethylfulvens (11) röntgenographisch bestimmt.
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  • 61
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 3042-3048 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparative Optical Resolution of Axial- and Planar-chiral Benzene Derivatives, Metallocenes, and Methanoaza[10]annulenes by Medium Pressure Chromatography on TriacetylcelluloseMedium pressure chromatography (at 4-6 bar and 6-40°C) on specially prepared triacetylcellulose in ethanol (or ether) renders possible an efficient preparative optical resolution of chiral benzene derivatives, (benzene)tricarbonylchromium complexes (benchrotrenes), ferrocenes, and azaannulenes. The method is presented for 15 selected examples such as 1,3-diferrocenyl-1,3-diphenylallene (1), 2,2′-spirobiindanes (2, 3), biphenyl derivatives (4-8) and their tricarbonylchromium complexes (9-11), [2.2]metacyclophanes (12-14) and 2,7-methanoaza[10]annulenes (15, 16) as well as for Troeger's base. In ten cases a quantitative separation of the enantiomers and in two an appr. 80 percent enantiomeric enrichment was achieved whereas for three compounds only a partial resolution took place.
    Notes: Mitteldruckchromatographie (bei 4-6 bar und 6-40°C) an speziell präparierter Triacetylcellulose in Ethanol (oder Ether) ermöglicht eine effiziente präparative Enantiomerentrennung chiraler Benzolderivate, (Benzol)tricarbonylchrom-Komplexe (Benchrotrene), Ferrocenderivate und Azaannulene. Die Methode wird an 15 ausgewählten Beispielen wie 1,3-Diferrocenyl-1,3-diphenylallen (1), 2,2′-Spirobiindanen (2, 3), Biphenylderivaten (4-8) und ihren Tricarbonylchrom-Komplexen (9-11), [2.2]Metacyclophanen (12-14) und 2,7-Methanoaza[10]annulenen (15, 16) sowie an der Trögerschen Base präsentiert. In zehn Fällen gelang eine quantitative Enantiomerentrennung, in zwei erfolgte eine etwa 80prozentige enantiomere Anreicherung und bei drei Verbindungen konnte partielle Trennung erzielt werden.
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  • 62
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 3063-3068 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thioacyl Isocyanates, XVIII. Reaction of Ethoxy(thiocarbonyl) Isocyanate with Aldehydes and Ketones to 1,3,5-Oxathiazinones[4 + 2]-Cycloaddition of ethoxy(thiocarbonyl) isocyanate with aldehydes and some ketones affords the oxathiazinones 3. α,β-Unsaturated aldehydes react in the same way, that means with maintenance of their multiple CC-bond. These facts differentiate the thioacyl isocyanates from acyl isocyanates as well as from unpolar dienes.
    Notes: Ethoxy(thiocarbonyl)-isocyanat addiert nach dem [4 + 2]-Prinzip Aldehyde und manche Ketone zu den Oxathiazinonen 3. Auch α,β-ungesättigte Aldehyde reagieren entsprechend, d. h. unter Erhaltung ihrer CC-Mehrfachbindung. Diese Verhaltensweisen unterscheiden die Thioacyl-isocyanate charakteristisch sowohl von Acyl-isocyanaten als auch von unpolaren Dienen.
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  • 63
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cycloaddition Reactions of Organometal Complexes, I. The Synthesis of Four-membered Metalla-Heterocycles by [2 + 2] Cycloaddition of (Isonitrile)-cobalt Complexes and Isocyanates or IsothiocyanatesThe reaction of C5H5(PMe3)CoCNR (R = Me, Ph) with isocyanates OCNR' (R' = Me, Ph) leads to the metalla-heterocycles in nearly quantitative yields. The analogous four-membered ring compounds (4-6) are obtained from C5H5(PMe3)CoCNR (R = Me, Ph, c-C6H11) and SCNMe. In the reactions of C5H5(PMe3)CoCNtBu with SCNMe and of C5H5(PMe3)CoCNMe with SCNtBu the complex (4) is also formed. The X-ray structure analyses of 4 and 5 show the presence of planar four-membered CoCNC rings together with a trigonal-planar coordination of the corresponding C, N and C ring atoms. The protonation and methylation reactions of the metalla-heterocycles 1-5 yield diaminocarbene complexes, in most cases by preserving the four-membered CoCNC-ring. The structure of these complexes is discussed on the basis of their IR and NMR data.
    Notes: Die Reaktion von C5H5(PMe3)CoCNR (R = Me, Ph) mit Isocyanaten OCNR' (R' = Me, Ph) führt nahezu quantitativ zu den Metalla-Heterocyclen (1-3). Die analogen Vierring-Verbindungen (4-6) sind ausgehend von C5H5(PMe3)CoCNR (R = Me, Ph, c-C6H11) und SCNMe zugänglich. Bei den Umsetzungen von C5H5(PMe3)CoCNtBu mit SCNMe und von C5H5(PMe3)CoCNMe mit SCNtBu bildet sich ebenfalls der Komplex (4). Die Röntgenstrukturanalysen von 4 und 5 beweisen das Vorliegen planarer CoCNC-Vierringe mit ebenfalls trigonal-planar koordinierten C-, N- und C-Atomen. Die Protonierungs- und Methylierungsreaktionen der Metalla-Heterocyclen 1-5 ergeben -- in den meisten Fällen unter Erhalt der CoCNC-Vierringstruktur - Diaminocarben-Komplexe. Ihre Struktur wird anhand der IR- und NMR-Daten diskutiert.
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  • 64
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 3107-3114 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thiono and Dithio Esters, XXX. Reactions of Isocyanides with ThiooxalatesDimethyl tetrathiooxalate (1) reacts with all isocyanides 2 investigated to form 2-imino-1,3-dithioles 4 in high yield. Complex mixtures of products, however, are obtained from O,O-dimethyl dithiooxalate (5) and isocyanides. The main product is always the 1,3-thiazetidine 7, by-products are the azetidinethiones 8 and the 3,3′-biazetidine-2,2′-dithiones 6.
    Notes: Tetrathiooxalsäure-dimethylester (1) bildet mit allen untersuchten Isocyaniden 2 in einheitlicher Reaktion die 2-Imino-1,3-dithiole 4. Komplexe Produktgemische entstehen hingegen bei der Umsetzung von Dithiooxalsäure-O, O-dimethylester (5) mit Isocyaniden. Hauptprodukt ist stets das 1,3-Thiazetidin 7, Nebenprodukte sind die Azetidinthione 8 und 3,3′-Biazetidin-2,2′-dithione 6.
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  • 65
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 3085-3095 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 2-Pyridylphosphanes, II. Ligands for Extreme Short Metal-Metal Contacts in Gold Complexes2-C5H4N—P(CH3)2 (1a) and (2-C5H4N)2PCH3 (2a) and the corresponding phosphonium salts, phosphonium methylides, and phosphane-boranes are prepared. These 2-pyridylphosphanes (1a, 2a) and their phenyl homologues (4a, 5a) as well as (2-C5H4N)3P (3a) form stable 1:1 complexes 1e-5e with AuCl in the reaction with (CO)AuCl. CO is liberated in the process and the gold atoms retain coordination number 2 with phosphorus as the exclusive coordination site of the ligand. - Substitution of the chloride ion in 1e and 4e by BF4- or PF6- anions results in a head-to-tail dimerisation of the cations due to the poor donor capacity of the complex fluorides. A salt-like structure with metallacyclic dications is thus formed (1f, 4f, g). X-ray diffraction analysis of 1f shows an almost planar, centrosymmetrical eight-membered ring system, coplanar with the two attached pyridine rings. The two gold atoms are part of almost linear P—Au—N axes and are as close to each other as 277.6(1) pm. This distance is at the lowest limit hitherto found for formally nonbonded gold atoms.
    Notes: 2-C5H4N—P(CH3)2 und (2-C5H4N)2PCH3 sowie die korrespondierenden Phosphoniumsalze, Phosphonium-methylide und Phosphan-Borane werden dargestellt. Diese 2-Pyridylphosphane (1a, 2a) und ihre Phenyl-Homologen (4a, 5a) bilden ebenso wie (2-C5H4N)3P (3a) bei der Umsetzung mit (CO)AuCl stabile 1:1-Komplexe des Gold(I)-chlorids, in denen das Goldatom ausschließlich an das Phosphoratom koordiniert ist (1e-5e). Bei dieser Reaktion wird CO entbunden, und das Metall behält die Koordinationszahl 2 bei. Beim Ersatz der Chlorid-Ionen in 1e und 4e durch BF4- oder PF6-Anionen tritt wegen der geringen Donorstärke der neuen Liganden eine Kopf-Schwanz-Dimerisierung des Kations ein, die zu einer salzartigen Struktur mit metallacyclischen Dikationen führt (1f, 4f, g). Die Röntgenbeugungsanalyse zeigt für 1f ein fast planares, zentrosymmetrisches achtgliedriges Ringsystem, dem coplanar die Pyridinringe angegliedert sind. Die beiden Goldatome sind als Bestandteil zweier fast linearer P—Au—N-Achsen einander auf 277.6(1) pm angenähert. Dieser Abstand liegt an der untersten Grenze für bisher gefundene Distanzen zwischen formal nicht aneinander gebundenen Goldatomen.
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  • 66
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 1902-1910 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Determination of the Absolute Configuration of the Proximal (S,S)-1,1′-Dimethyl-2,2′-spirobiindaneThe proximal (S,S)-1,1′-dimethyl-2,2′-spirobiindane (1a) is synthesized as the racemic mixture and with more then 98.5% optical purity. Its absolute configuration is determined by the path of synthesis. Key-steps are the trans-alkylation of 3 yielding 4a and the hydrogenolysis of the mixture of 10a and 10b yielding practically exclusively 1a. This is one of three possible diastereoisomers 1a-c which are needed to test the theory of hyperchirality.
    Notes: Das proximale (S,S)-1,1′-Dimethyl-2,2′-spirobiindan (1a) wird racemisch und zu mehr als 98.5% enantiomerenrein dargestellt. Seine absolute Konfiguration ist durch den Syntheseweg eindeutig bestimmt. Schlüsselschritte der Synthese sind die trans-Alkylierung von 3 zu 4a und die praktisch einheitlich verlaufende Hydrogenolyse des Gemisches von 10a und 10b zu 1a. Dieses ist eines von drei möglichen Diastereomeren 1a-c, die zum Test der Theorie der Hyperchiralität dienen sollen.
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  • 67
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 1934-1946 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thermolysis of 1,2,6,7-OctatetraeneThe energy profile for the rearrangement of 1 to 3 and 4 and their interconversion by way of 5 is established making use of kinetic methods and by the determination of the heat of hydrogenation of the individual products. For the Cope rearrangement 1 → 4 the competition of concerted and non concerted reaction paths is demonstrated by trapping experiments.
    Notes: Das Energieprofil für die Umlagerung von 1 in 3 und 4 und deren über 5 erfolgende wechselseitige Äquilibrierung wird mit Hilfe kinetischer Methoden und durch Bestimmung der Hydrierwärme der einzelnen Produkte etabliert. Es wird durch Abfangversuche gezeigt, daß die Cope-Umlagerung 1 → 4 über konkurrierende konzertierte und nichtkonzertierte Reaktionswege erfolgt.
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  • 68
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Selectivity of Photochemical Processes in Polychromophoric Molecules A [π2s + π2a + π2a + σ2s]-Reaction? - An Unusual [π2+π2]-CycloadditionUpon direct excitation of the „polychromophoric“ anti-pentaene-tetraester 1 with light of wavelength λ〉280 nm with „diagonal“ participation of four bonds (formally [π2s + π2a + π2a + σ2s]) the nonacycle 4 is formed selectively (75-80% together with 5-7% of the octacycle 5 and a little 14). 4 arises via a light- (and heat)- sensitive intermediate (12), which is rapidly withdrawn in a photo-[π2 + π2]-addition. With the formation of 14 and 18 the acetone (benzophenone) sensitised reaction manifests an efficient spin correlation. The epoxide oxygen in 2 exerts an unusual directing effect: The intramolecular [π2 + π2]-cycloaddition between widely separated C=C-double bonds (approx. 4.4 Å) effectively competes with conversion into 23 (analogous to 1→4) (direct excitation) or is the sole pathway (sensitised excitation). The structure of the decacyclic photoproduct 23 is established by x-ray analysis.
    Notes: Durch direkte Anregung des polychromophoren anti-Pentaen-tetraesters 1 mit Licht der Wellenlänge λ〉280 nm wird selektiv (75-80%) unter „diagonaler“ Beteiligung von vier Bindungen (formal [π2s + π2a + π2a + σ2s] der Nonacyclus 4 gebildet (neben 5-7% Octacyclus 5 und wenig 14). 4 entsteht über ein licht- (und wärme)-empfindliches Zwischenprodukt (12), welches sehr rasch unter Photo-[π2 + π2]-Addition weiterreagiert. Sensibilisierung durch Aceton bzw. Benzophenon manifestiert mit der Bildung von 14 und 18 eine effiziente Spinkorrelation. In 2 übt der Epoxidsauerstoff eine ungewöhnliche dirigierende Wirkung aus: Die intramolekulare [π2 + π2]-Cycloaddition zwischen extrem entfernten C=C-Doppelbindungen (ca. 4.4 Å) zum thermisch labilen 24 konkurriert wirksam mit der zu 1→4 analogen Umwandlung zu 23 (direkte Anregung) bzw. ist ausschließlicher Reaktionsweg (sensibilisierte Anregung). Die Struktur des decacyclischen Photoproduktes 23 wird durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse bewiesen.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2012-2014 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Radical Addition to Cyclic Derivatives of Maleic AcidReactions of cyclohexylmercury acetate (1) with NaBH4 in the presence of cyclic alkenes 4 yield the products 5 in high yields (Tab. 1). The main step of the reaction sequence is the addition of a cyclohexyl radical to the alkene 4. The rate of the addition increases with increasing electron withdrawing ability of X (Tab. 1).
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  • 70
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Transition Metal Substituted Phosphanes, Arsanes, and Stibanes, XXVI. Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Dicarbonyl(cyclopentadienyl)bis(trimethylphosphane)-molybdenum-tricarbonyl(cyclopentadienyl)molybdate{[Cp(CO)2(Me3P)M]2AsMe2}M(CO)3Cp (M = Cr, Mo, W) (1a-c) reacts in acetonitrile with Me3P to give [Cp(CO)2(Me3P)2M] M(CO)3Cp (2a-c) and Cp(CO)2(Me3P)M—AsMe2 (3a-c). 2b, c are in addition obtained by treatment of [Cp(CO)3)3M]2 (M = Mo, W) with Me3P in benzene. The structure of 2a-c is established by NMR and IR spectroscopy and in the case of 2b by X-ray analysis.
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  • 71
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982) 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 72
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2015-2021 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Studies on 15N NMR Spectroscopy. Substituent Effects in Mono-substituted PyrazinesChemical shifts δ(15N) and coupling constants 2J(15N,1H) have been determined for 14 mono-substituted pyrazines. Substituent effects and relations to the chemical shift of 13C resonances are discussed.
    Notes: Für 14 monosubstituierte Pyrazine wurden die chemischen Verschiebungen δ(15N) und die Kopplungskonstanten 2J(15N,1H) bestimmt. Substituenteneinflüsse und Beziehungen zur chemischen Verschiebung der 13C-Resonanzen werden diskutiert.
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  • 73
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2022-2034 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Boron Compounds, LIV. 17O NMR Studies of Cyclic Organo-Boron-Oxygen Compounds17O-Chemical shifts (δ17O) of various cyclic organo-boron-oxygen compounds (borolanes, borinanes, 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes, boroxins) are reported (Table 1). The δ17O values show that the magnetic screening of oxygen depends upon BO(pp)π-bonds. The contribution of the paramagnetic term σp to the screening (σ) of oxygen is evident from the comparison of δ17O of linear and bent systems, as is true for δ14N values of comparable compounds. Differences between 2-ethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanes and 2-ethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinanes are shown by comparison of the δ17O data of the methyl substituted derivatives.
    Notes: 17O-Chemische Verschiebungen (δ17O) für verschiedene cyclische Organo-Bor-Sauerstoffverbindungen (Borolane, Borinane, 9-Borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane, Boroxine) werden mitgeteilt (Tab. 1). Die δ17O-Werte belegen die Abhängigkeit der magnetischen Abschirmung des Sauerstoffs von BO(pp)π-Bindungen. Der Beitrag des paramagnetischen Terms σp zur Gesamtabschirmung (σ) wird durch Vergleich der δ17O-Werte linearer und gewinkelter Systeme deutlich, ebenso wie Parallelen zwischen δ17O und δ14N. Unterschiede zwischen 2-Ethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanen und 2-Ethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinanen zeigen sich besonders bei den δ17O-Werten verschiedener methyl-substituierter Derivate.
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  • 74
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2035-2043 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reaction of Arsinidene Complexes: Arsenic Atoms as Trigonally Planar Coordinated Bridging Elements within Trinuclear Metal ComplexesThe synthesis of compounds in which all five valence electrons of a μ3-bridging arsenic atom are involved in bonding to three metal ligand fragments is achieved for the first time by the reaction of arsinidene complexes ClAs[MLn]2 (MLn = Cr(CO)5, Mn(CO)2(η5-CH3C5H4)) with η5-C5H5(CO)3Ml′- (M′ = Mo, W); chlorine substitution and MM′ bond formation with accompanying loss of one carbonyl group leads to the complexes 3, (3a, M′ = Mo, MLn = Mn(CO)2(η5-CH3C5H4); 3b, M′ = Mo, MLn = Cr(CO)5; 3c, M′ = W, MLn = Cr(CO)5). In compounds 3 there is no lone pair left at the μ3-arsenic atom which therefore shows trigonal planar coordination. The electron deficiency at the arsenic atom is compensated for by metal-arsenic η-bonding in a manner similar to the bonding situation in arsinidene complexes. X-ray analyses for 3a-c confirm this statement.
    Notes: Die erstmalige Synthese von Verbindungen, in denen alle fünf Valenzelektronen eines μ3-verbrückenden Arsenatoms in die Bindung zu drei Metall-Ligand-Fragmenten einbezogen sind, gelingt durch Umsetzung von Arsiniden-Komplexen ClAs[MLn]2 (MLn = Cr(CO)5, Mn(CO)2(η5-CH3C5H4)) mit η5-C5H5(CO)3M′- (M′ = Mo, W). In den unter Substitution der Chlorfunktion und Ausbildung einer M′M-Bindung unter CO-Abspaltung entstandenen Komplexen 3, (3a, M′ = Mo, MLn = Mn(CO)2(η5-CH3C5H4); 3b, M′ = Mo, MLn = Cr(CO)5; 3c, M′ = W, MLn = Cr(CO)5) besitzt das Arsen kein freies Elektronenpaar mehr. Es ist daher trigonal planar koordiniert; sein Elektronendefizit wird, wie in Arsiniden-Komplexen, durch π-Bindungsanteile in den Metall-Arsen-Bindungen ausgeglichen. Röntgenstrukturanalysen für 3a-c belegen dies.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2050-2056 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of N-Formyl Substituted Aminals with Trichloroacetyl ChlorideN-Formyl substituted aminals of type 1 react with trichloroacetyl chloride to the glycinamide derived hydrochlorides 12 in addition to glycyl(trichloroacetyl)amines 13. This complicated reaction in which dialkylmethaniminium salts 7 and isonitrile 5 are involved, is synthetically useful e. g. for preparation of N′,N′-disubstituted glycin N-methylamides 10.
    Notes: N-Formylierte Aminale des Typs 1 reagieren mit Trichloracetylchlorid unter Bildung der Hydrochloride von Glycinamidderivaten 12 neben Glycyl(trichloracetyl)amin-Abkömmlingen 13. Präparativ kann die auf verwickeltem Weg über Dialkylmethaniminium-Salze 7 und Isonitril 5 ablaufende Umsetzung beispielsweise zur Gewinnung von N′,N′-disubstituierten Glyin-N-methylamiden 10 dienen.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2044-2049 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Phosphorus and Arsenic Atoms as Spiro Centers within Iron ClustersReaction of Fe2(CO)9 with PCl3 or AsCl3 leads to complexes which contain an Fe2(CO)8 group and an Fe2(CO)6(η2-Cl) moiety joined by phosphorus or arsenic, respectively, with these atoms acting as spiro centers. The spectroscopic properties of the resulting clusters Fe2(CO)8XFe2(CO)6Cl (X = P, As) as well as their structures as determined by X-ray methods are described.
    Notes: Die Reaktion von Fe2(CO)9 mit PCl3 bzw. AsCl3 führt zu Komplexen 1, 2, in denen eine Fe2(CO)8-Gruppe und ein Fe2(CO)6(η2-Cl)-Fragment über Phosphor bzw. Arsen als Spirozentren zu vierkernigen Clustern Fe2(CO)8XFe2(CO)6Cl mit X = P, As verknüpft sind. Die spektroskopischen Eigenschaften und der röntgenographisch ermittelte Bau dieser Verbindungen werden beschrieben.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2057-2075 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Dehydrative Decarboxylation of 2,3-Disubstituted 3-Hydroxycarboxylic Acids with Dimethylformamide Acetals - Mechanistic Studies and Preparative ApplicabilityDimethylformamide dimethylacetal (2a) converts the threo-3-hydroxycarboxylic acids 4 smoothly into the (E)/(Z)-olefins 7/6 only if R2 is an aryl or vinyl substituent. Although the reaction exhibits a distinct (E)-selectivity it cannot be considered as a stereo-controlled olefin synthesis. If R2 is alkyl, 2a generates the methyl esters 10 from 4. The erythro-acids 5 react with 2a to give 43-95% of 〉98% sterically pure 7. As the key tranformation on the multistep way from 4/5 to 6/7 the fragmentation of the zwitterionic intermediate 11/20 is postulated.
    Notes: Dimethylformamid-dimethylacetal (2a) überführt die threo-3-Hydroxycarbonsäuren 4 glatt in die (E)/(Z)-Olefine 7/6, wenn R2 ein Aryl- oder Vinylsubstituent ist, Obgleich dabei die (E)-Isomeren 7 meist deutlich überwiegen, ist die Selektivität für eine stereokontrollierte Olefinsynthese nicht hoch genug. 4, in denen R2 einen Alkylrest darstellt, reagieren mit 2a lediglich zu den Methylestern 10. Die erythro-3-Hydroxycarbonsäuren 5 werden von 2a zu 43-95% in 7 umgewandelt, das zu 〉98% sterisch rein anfällt. Als Schlüsselschritt auf dem mehrstufigen Weg von 4/5 zu 6/7 wird die Fragmentierung einer zwitterionischen Zwischenstufe 11/20 postuliert.
    Additional Material: 9 Tab.
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  • 78
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2374-2376 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Thermally Unstable Allenes, XII. (1,3,3-Trichloro-1,2-propadienyl)benzeneThe thermally unstable allene 4 is prepared from the ketone 1 via the intermediates 2 and 3. It dimerizes at room temperature to 5, whose structure is proven by permanganate degradation.
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  • 79
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Stereoselective Synthesis of Alcohols, XI. Double Stereodifferentiation in the Addition of Crotylboronates to Aldehydes: Prelog-Djerassi LactoneAddition of the (Z)-crotylboronate 11 to (S)-(+)-α-methylbutyraldehyde (4) resulted in the Cram and Anti-Cram diastereomers 6 and 7. Their ratio depended on the chirality of the boronate component. Hence the formation of the alcohol 7 could be favoured by double stereodifferentiation. Similarly, on addition of the (E)-crotylboronate 12 predominant formation of the isomer 13 could be achieved. These observations formed the basis for a stereoselective synthesis of the Prelog-Djerassi lactone 3.
    Notes: Bei der Addition des (Z)-Crotylboronsäureesters 11 an (S)-(+)-α-Methylbutyraldehyd (4) erhielt man ein Gemisch der Cram- und Anti-Cram-Addukte 6 und 7. Das Diastereomerenverhältnis hing von der Chiralität der Boronsäureester-Komponente ab. So ließ sich die Bildung des Homoallylakohols 7 durch doppelte Stereodifferenzierung begünstigen. Bei der Addition des (E)-Crotylboronsäureesters 12 konnte man die bevorzugte Bildung des Isomeren 13 erreichen. Diese Beobachtungen wurden zu einer stereoselektiven Synthese des Prelog-Djerassi-Lactons 3 ausgenutzt.
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  • 80
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2346-2356 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Gasphase Reactions, 34. Ni/Pd Catalysed Gasphase Bromination of TrifluoromethaneThe reaction F3CH + Br2 → F3CBr + HBr is an instructive example, how a multiparameter optimization has been accomplished by means of PE spectroscopic gas analysis. All reaction components can be monitored simultaneously and continuously via their ionization patterns. Measurement of the temperature dependence allows to judge on the quality of the catalysts tested. The fluorination of oxide carriers by trifluoromethane, a strong corrosive at temperatures above 600 K, is recognized by the appearance of the CO and HF PE bands. The heterogeneously catalyzed reaction perfected in millimole quantities at 10-2 mbar can be transferred to preparative scale.
    Notes: Die Reaktion F3CH + Br2 → F3CBr + HBr ist ein Lehrbeispiel, wie eine Vielparameter-Optimierung mit Hilfe PE-spektroskopischer Gasanalytik durchgeführt werden kann. Alle Reaktionspartner lassen sich an ihren Ionisationsmustern simultan und kontinuierlich verfolgen. Die Messung der Temperaturabhängigkeit erlaubt zugleich, die Güte der eingesetzten Katalysatoren zu beurteilen. Die Fluorierung oxidischer Träger durch das bei Temperaturen oberhalb 600 K stark korrodierende Trifluormethan wird an auftretenden PE-Banden von CO und HF erkannt. Die in Millimol-Ansätzen bei 10-2 mbar ausgearbeitete heterogen-katalysierte Umsetzung läßt sich in den präparativen Maßstab übertragen.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 81
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2377-2379 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Oxidative Removal of Isoalkanes from n-Alkanes by Iodine Tris(trifluoroacetate)Small amounts of isoalkanes are nearly completely removed from n-alkanes by oxidation with iodine tris(trifluoroacetate).
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 82
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982) 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 83
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2380-2383 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Formation of Isomers in the Reaction of Benzofurazan N-Oxides with Phenolate AnionsBenzofurazan 1-oxide 1 reacts with 4-aminophenol in the presence of NaOCH3 to form the isomeric phenazine 5,10-dioxides 3, which are reduced to phenazines 4.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 84
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2385-2408 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Mixed Metal Clusters: Metal Exchange via Organometal DimethylarsenidesReactions of the methylidyne-tricobalt clusters YCCo3(CO)9 (1, Y = H, Me, Ph, p-Tol, F) with the organometal dimethylarsenides Cp(CO)3M—AsMe2 (2-4, M = Cr, Mo, W) initially yield the addition products 5-7 through CO replacement. From these by heating a Co—As fragment is eliminated, whereby the new mixed metal cluster YCCo2MCp(CO)8 (9-11) are formed. Of the MeCCo2Mo compound 10c the molecular structure was determined. The mixed metal clusters allow for CO substitution by which also their prochirality can be proved. Attempts to perform corresponding metal exchange reactions with other tetrahedral cobalt clusters (PhPCo3(CO)9, Co4(CO)12, HFeCO3(CO)12, CpNiCo3(CO)9) or with other organometal dimethylarsenides M—AsMe2 (M = Cp(CO)2Fe, (CO)5Mn, Me3P(CO)4Mn) were only partially successful.
    Notes: Die Umsetzung der Methylidin-tricobalt-Cluster YCCo3(CO)9 (1, Y = H, Me, Ph, p-Tol, F) mit den Organometall-dimethylarseniden Cp(CO)3M—AsMe2 (2-4, M = Cr, Mo, W) liefert zunächst durch CO-Austausch die Additionsprodukte 5-7. Aus diesen wird beim Erhitzen ein Co—As-Bruchstück eliminiert, wobei sich die neuen Hetero-Clusters YCCo2MCp(CO)8 (9-11) bilden. Von dem MeCCo2Mo-Vertreter 10c wurde die Molekülstruktur bestimmt. In den Hetero-Clustern ist CO-Substitution möglich, wodurch sich auch ihre Prochiralität nachweisen läßt. Versuche, entsprechende Metallaustauschreaktionen auch an anderen tetraedrischen Cobaltclustern (PhPCo3(CO)9, Co4(CO)12, HFeCo3(CO)12, CpNiCo3(CO)9) oder mit anderen Organometall-dimethylarseniden M—AsMe2 (M = Cp(CO)2Fe, (CO)5Mn, Me3P(CO)4Mn) durchzuführen, waren nur zum Teil erfolgreich.
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  • 85
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2423-2427 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Isocyanide Complexes, III. Organosulfonyl Isocyanide Cr(CO)5 ComplexesThe reaction of K[(CO)5CrCN] with RSO2Cl (R = Me, Et, CH2Ph, Ph, p-MeC6H4 and p-FC6H4) yields the complexes (CO)5CrCNSO2R (3a-f). The compounds are characterized by their IR, NMR, and mass spectra.
    Notes: Bei der Umsetzung von K[(CO)5CrCN] mit RSO2Cl (R = Me, Et, CH2Ph, Ph, p-MeC6H4 und p-FC6H4) entstehen die Komplexe (CO)5CrCNSO2R (3a-f), die anhand ihrer IR-, NMR- und Massenspektren charakterisiert werden.
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  • 86
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2428-2436 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses and Chemical Properties of Aromatic and Aliphatic Sulfinyldiamines and N-Sulfinylimmonium SaltsAccording the different methods A, B, C substituted sulfinyldiamines 4a-f were synthesized as starting materials for syntheses and spectroscopic characterizations of new substituted N-sulfinylimmonium-hexachloroantimonates 6a-h; 6a-h were also accessible by the two methods A' and B'; the reaction of 6c with dimethylsulfoxide (7) yields the salt 9, 6a reacts with 2,3-dimethylbutadiene (10) under Diels-Alder conditions to the 1,2-thiazinium salt 11.
    Notes: Nach den Methoden A, B, C, werden substituierte Sulfinyldiamine 4a-f als Ausgangsprodukte zur Synthese und Charakterisierung der substituierten N-Sulfinylimmonium-hexachloroantimonate 6a-h dargestellt, welche ihrerseits ebenfalls nach zwei Methoden A', B' zugänglich sind; die Reaktion von 6c mit Dimethylsulfoxid (7) führt zum Sulfimmoniumsalz 9, mit 2,3-Dimethylbutadien reagiert 6a in einer Diels-Alder-Reaktion zum 1,2-Thiaziniumsalz 11.
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  • 87
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2437-2446 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Dyotropic Rearrangements of Dinuclear μ-Aldehyde-zirconocene ComplexesIn solution dinuclear μ-aldehyde-zirconocene complexes 3a-h exhibit a dynamic behavior which shows features as being expected for a dyotropic rearrangement process. In view of the presumed structure of complexes 3 the remarkably low activation barriers of these thermally induced degenerate rearrangements, as determined by dynamic NMR spectroscopy (e.g. 3a: δG-129°C≠ = 7 kcal mol-1), could be interpreted to result primarily from a substantial ground state effect.
    Notes: Die zweikernigen μ-Aldehyd-zirconocen-Komplexe 3a-h zeigen in Lösung ein dynamisches Verhalten, das die erwarteten Eigenschaften einer dyotropen Umlagerung aufweist. Auf Grund der anzunehmenden Struktur der Komplexe 3 können die durch dynamische NMR-Spektroskopie bestimmten erstaunlich niedrigen Aktivierungsbarrieren dieser degenerierten thermischen Umlagerungen (z.B. 3a: δG-129°C≠ = 7 kcal mol-1) in erster Linie als Ausdruck eines ausgeprägten Grundzustandseffektes interpretiert werden.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 88
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2409-2422 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Mixed Metal Clusters: Metal Exchange via Dinuclear (Cyclopentadienyl)metal CarbonylsIn the tetrahedral cobalt cluster MeCCo3(CO)9 (2a) by means of the dinuclear (cyclopentadienyl)-metal carbonyls [CpM(CO)n+1]2 (1, M = Mo, W, Fe, Ni) one Co(CO)3 unit can be replaced by an isoelectronic unit CpM(CO)n. The best exchange reagent [CpNi(CO)]2 yields the corresponding mixed Co2Ni and Co3Ni clusters, resp. also with other YCCo3(CO)9 clusters (2, Y = Ph, p-Tol, F) and with Co4(CO)12. Thus, by combination of this method with the previously described organometal dimethylarsenide method from YCCo3(CO)9 (2, Y = Me, Ph) the clusters YCCoMoNiCp2(CO)5 (16) with three different metal atoms are obtained. Under modified reaction conditions twofold metal exchange in MeCCo3(CO)9 yields the cluster MeCCoMo2Cp2(CO)7 (15) and in PhCCo2MoCp(CO)8 yields the cluster PhCMoNi2Cp3(CO)2 (17). Of the CoMoNi compound 16a and the MoNi2 compound 17 the molecular structures were determined.
    Notes: In dem tetraedrischen Cobaltcluster MeCCo3(CO)9 (2a) läßt sich mit Hilfe der zweikernigen (Cyclopentadienyl)metallcarbonyle [CpM(CO)n+1]2 (1, M = Mo, W, Fe, Ni) eine Co(CO)3-Einheit durch eine isoelektronische Einheit CpM(CO)n ersetzen. Das beste Austausch-Reagens [CpNiCO]2 liefert auch mit anderen YCCo3(CO)9-Clustern (2, Y = Ph, p-Tol, F) und mit Co4(CO)12 die entsprechenden Co2Ni- bzw. Co3Ni-Heterocluster. Durch Kombination dieser Methode mit der vorstehend beschriebenen Organometall-dimethylarsenid-Methode lassen sich so aus YCCo3(CO)9 (2, Y = Me, Ph) die Cluster YCCoMoNiCp2(CO)5 (16) mit drei verschiedenen Metallatomen gewinnen. Unter veränderten Reaktionsbedingungen ergibt zweifacher Metallaustausch aus MeCCo3(CO)9 den Cluster MeCCoMo2Cp2(CO)7 (15) und aus PhCCo2MoCp(CO)8 den Cluster PhCMoNi2Cp3(CO)2 (17). Von der CoMoNi-Verbindung 16a und der MoNi2-Verbindung 17 wurden die Molekülstrukturen bestimmt.
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  • 89
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2461-2466 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Simple Preparation of Aldehydes in the Chromanone and Thiochromanone Series, Key Products for the Synthesis of 6-HeterotetracyclinesA new and simple method to prepare aldehydes in the chromanone and thiochromanone series has been found by the condensation of o-hydroxy- and o-mercapto-acetophenones with a vinyloguous formamidinium salt.
    Notes: Eine neue und einfache Methode zur Darstellung von Aldehyden in der Chromanon- und Thiochromanon-Reihe wurde in der Kondensation von o-Hydroxy- oder o-Mercapto-acetophenonen mit einem vinylogen Formamidiniumsalz gefunden.
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  • 90
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2447-2460 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Carbonylation of Zirconocene Hydride ComplexesThe reaction of η2-acylzirconocene complexes 1 with oligomeric zirconocene hydrides (Cp2ZrH2)x (3) or (Cp2ZrClH)x (4) yields binuclear μ-aldehyde-zirconocene hydride complexes 2. The molecular geometry of an example of this type of compound, the μ-acetaldehyde-zirconocene dihydride 2c, in the crystalline state was determined by X-ray analysis. A degenerate „dyotropic“ rearrangement of substrates 2c and e proceeding fast in solution can be detected by dynamic 1H NMR spectroscopy. Reaction of the dinuclear dihydride 2e with carbon monoxide eventually yields the enediolate complex 15-cis. The mechanism of this process of a reductive coupling of two CO molecules by substrate 2e can be traced by several established intermediates. The isolated (η2-formaldehyde)zirconocene complex 11 appears to have a key function in this transformation of carbon monoxide.
    Notes: Die Reaktion der η2-Acylzirconocen-Komplexe 1 mit den oligomeren Zirconocenhydriden (Cp2ZrH2)x (3) oder (Cp2ZrClH)x (4) führt zu zweikernigen μ-Aldehyd-zirconocenhydrid-Komplexen 2. Die molekulare Geometrie eines Beispiels dieser Verbindungsklasse, des μ-Acetaldehydzirconocendihydrids 2c, im Kristall wurde durch eine Röntgen-Strukturanalyse bestimmt. Eine in Lösung rasch verlaufende degenerierte „dyotrope“ Umlagerung der Substrate 2c und e kann durch dynamische 1H-NMR-Spektroskopie erkannt werden. Die Umsetzung des zweikernigen Dihydrids 2e mit Kohlenmonoxid führt schließlich zum Endiolatkomplex 15-cis. Der Mechanismus dieser reduktiven Kupplung zweier CO-Moleküle am Substrat 2e wird durch die nachgewiesenen Zwischenprodukte abgesteckt. Dem isolierten (η2-Formaldehyd)zirconocen-Komplex 11 kommt eine Schlüsselrolle bei dieser Umwandlung des Kohlenmonoxids zu.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2467-2477 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Fragmentative Ring Contractions of the 1:2-Adduct of Pyridine and Dimethyl Acetylene-dicarboxylateThe structure 1a is secured for the 1:2-adduct of pyridine and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate. Its UV/VIS and 1H NMR spectra are temperature-dependent. Dichromate oxidation of 1a produces not only the indolizine 3, but also the quinolizinone 4. The indolizines 8, 3, 9, and 10 are formed in the ratio 10:5:5:1 upon thermolysis of 1a at 220°C, whereas 4 is stable under these conditions. The complex ring contractions with fragmentations and in part rearrangements are classified and interpreted mechanistically (high energy valence tautomers; cyclopropane-, ylide-, zwitterion/diradical-intermediates). The gaseous and liquid further products of the thermolysis are compatible with the intermediacy of carbene and radical fragments. Analytical and spectroscopic data (UV, fluorescence, IR, 1H, 13C NMR, MS) as well as independent syntheses (3, 10) and the synthesis of the reference compound 12 secure the constitutions of the compounds.
    Notes: Für das 1:2-Addukt aus Pyridin und Acetylendicarbonsäure-dimethylester wird die Konstitution 1a gesichert. Die UV/VIS- und 1H-NMR-Spektren sind temperaturabhängig. Die Dichromat-Oxidation von 1a liefert nicht nur das Indolizin 3, sondern auch das Chinolizinon 4. Die Thermolyse von 1a bei 220°C ergibt die Indolizine 8, 3, 9 und 10 im Verhältnis 10:5:5:1, während 4 unter diesen Bedingungen stabil ist. Die komplizierten Ringverengungen mit Fragmentierungen und teilweise Umlagerungen werden klassifiziert und mechanistisch gedeutet (energiereiche Valenztautomere; Dreiring-, Ylid-, Zwitterion/Diradikal-Intermediate). Die gasförmigen und flüssigen weiteren Produkte der Thermolyse stehen im Einklang mit dem Auftreten von Carben- und Radikal-Fragmenten, die aus den formulierten Intermediaten entstehen sollten. Zur Konstitutionssicherung dienen analytische und spektroskopische (UV, Fluoreszenz, IR, 1H-, 13C-NMR, MS) Daten sowie unabhängige Synthesen (3, 10) und die Synthese der Referenzverbindung 12.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2487-2493 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Trinuclear Ruthenium Cluster Anions Containing Triorganylsilyl, -germyl, and -stannyl LigandsThe reaction of Na[HRu3(CO)11] with triorganylsilanes, -germanes, and -stannanes R'R2XH (X = Si, Ge, Sn; R, R' = organyl) affords trinuclear cluster anions of the type [HRu3(CO)10(XR2R')2]-, which can be isolated as the bis(triphenylphosphoranyliden)ammonium or the tetraethylammonium salts. The structure of an isosceles Ru3 triangle with one hydride bridge and two XR2R' ligands at the bridgehead ruthenium atoms is proposed for the anions on the basis of NMR evidence. The reaction proceeds under elimination of H2 and CO and is reversible; the formation of [HRu3(CO)10(SiEt3)2]- from [DRu3(CO)11]- and Et3SiH reveals the eliminated hydrogen to be arising from the cluster.
    Notes: Die Umsetzung von Na[HRu3(CO)11] mit Triorganylsilanen, -germanen und -stannanen R'R2XH (X = Si, Ge, Sn; R, R' = organyl) führt zu dreikernigen Clusteranionen des Typs [HRu3(CO)10(XR2R')2]-, die sich als Bis(triphenylphosphoranyliden)ammonium- bzw. Tetraethylammonium-Salze isolieren lassen. Aufgrund der spektroskopischen Befunde wird für die Anionen die Struktur eines gleichschenkligen Ru3-Dreiecks mit einer Hydridbrücke und zwei XR2R'-Liganden an den beiden Brückenkopf-Rutheniumatomen vorgeschlagen. Die Reaktion verläuft unter Eliminierung von H2 und CO und ist reversibel; die Bildung von [HRu3(CO)10(SiEt3)2]- aus [DRu3(CO)11]- und Et3SiH zeigt, daß der freigesetzte Wasserstoff aus dem Cluster eliminiert wird.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 695-705 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Diarylallenylidene Complexes with Pentacarbonylchromium and -tungsten FragmentsThe syntheses of diarylallenylidene complexes with pentacarbonylchromium and -tungsten fragments (OC)5M=C=C=CR2 (M = Cr, W; R2 = 2 C6H5, 2,2'-biphenyldiyl) (1a, b, 2a, b) are reported. The tungstenallenylidene compounds react thermally to give allenylidene-bridged complexes [(OC)5W]2C=C=CR2 (R2 = 2 C6H5, 2,2'-biphenyldiyl) (3a, b). The X-ray structure of the compound [(OC)5W]2C=C=C(C6H5)2 (3a) was determined.
    Notes: Die Synthese von Diarylallenyliden-Komplexen mit Pentacarbonylchrom- und -wolfram-Fragmenten (OC)5M=C=C=CR2 (M = Cr, W; R2 = 2 C6H5, 2,2'-Biphenyldiyl) (1a, b, 2a, b) wird beschrieben. Die Wolframallenyliden-Verbindungen reagieren thermisch zu Allenyliden-verbrückten Komplexen [(OC)5W]2C=C=CR2 (R2 = 2 C6H5, 2,2'-Biphenyldiyl) (3a, b). Die Struktur der Verbindung [(OC)5W]2C=C=C(C6H5)2 (3a) wurde röntgenographisch bestimmt.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 714-721 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses of New N-VinylpyrrolesThe reactions of pyrrolyl potassium (1) with (ethoxymethylene)malonic acid derivatives 2a-e yielded the carbanions 3a-e, which could be hydrolyzed to 4a-e, but with the exception of 4b they were not isolated, because a transformation to the N-vinylpyrroles 5a, c-e by elimination of ethanol took place; 1 reacted with 2b at 80°C to give 4b and 6. Hydrolysis of 4b with KOH yielded 4g, which eliminated 1 mol of ethanol to form 5f, decarboxylation of which led to N-vinylpyrrole 7. By cyclization of 5e under various conditions the pyrrolizines 8a, b are obtained, the hydrolysis of which did not give ketone 9 but only amino alcohol 10. Some other cyclizations of 11a-c and 13 yielded the 3H-pyrrolizine derivatives 12a-c and 14, respectively.
    Notes: Addition von Pyrrolyl-kalium (1) an die (Ethoxymethylen)malonsäure-Derivate 2a-e führte zu den Carbanionen 3a-e, aus denen durch Hydrolyse 4a-e zwar erhalten, jedoch mit Ausnahme von 4b nicht isoliert werden konnten, da sie während der Aufarbeitung in die N-Vinylpyrrole 5a, c-e übergegangen waren; bei 80°C wurde aus 1 und 2b neben 4b die Verbindung 6 erhalten. Die Hydrolyse von 4b führte zu 4g, das 1 Molekül Ethanol zu 5f abspaltete. 5f geht durch Decarboxylierung in das N-Vinylpyrrol 7 über. Die Cyclisierung von 5e unter verschiedenen Bedingungen führte zu Pyrrolizinen 8a, b, deren hydrolytische Spaltung jedoch nicht das Keton 9, sondern den Aminoalkohol 10 ergab. Cyclisierung von 11a-c und 13 führte zu den 3H-Pyrrolizinderivaten 12a-c und 14.
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  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 738-747 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Transition Metall-π-Complexes of a Hexaalkyl-Δ3-1,2,5-azasilaboroline4,5-Diethyl-1,2,2,3-tetramethyl-Δ3-1,2,5-azasilaboroline (1) acts as a 4π electron donor in different transition metal complexes. Reaction with Fe2(CO)9 leads to 1·Fe(CO)3 (2a), with (C5H5)Co(C2H4)2 to 1·Co(C5H5) (2b). The sandwich complex (1)2·Ni (3c) results from 1 with Ni(CDT) as well as by metal vapour synthesis from 1 with nickel atoms. Likewise metal vapour synthesis yields (1)2·Fe (3a), a paramagnetic 16 electron complex. Mass, 1H, 11B, and 13C NMR spectra are discussed. 2a was investigated by X-ray analysis.
    Notes: 4,5-Diethyl-1,2,2,3-tetramethyl-Δ3-1,2,5-azasilaborolin (1) kann in verschiedenen Übergangsmetallkomplexen als 4π-Elektronendonator fungieren. Mit Fe2(CO)9 bildet sich 1·Fe(CO)3 (2a), mit (C5H5)Co(C2H4)2 1· Co(C5H5) (2b). Der Sandwichkomplex (1)2·Ni (3c) entsteht sowohl aus 1 mit Ni(CDT) als auch durch Metallatomsynthese aus 1 mit Nickelatomen. Ebenfalls durch Metallatomsynthese gelingt die Herstellung von (1)2·Fe (3a), einem paramagnetischen 16-Elektronenkomplex. Die Massen-, 1H-, 11B- und 13C-NMR-Spektren werden diskutiert. 2a wurde röntgenstrukturanalytisch untersucht.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 732-737 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Azaborolinyl Complexes, VI. Synthesis and Properties of the 1,2-Azaborolinyl Anion2-Methyl-1-(trimethylsilyl)-Δ3-1,2-azaboroline (1) reacts with lithium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide [Li(TMP)] to give the lithium salt 2 of the 2-methyl-1-(trimethylsilyl)-1,2-azaborolinyl anion. Results of quantum chemical calculations with MNDO methods for the unsubstituted azaborolinyl anion as well as for the neutral azaboroline allow comparisons with data determined by X-ray investigation. 1 reacts with FeBr2 and CoBr2 to yield the sandwich complexes bis[2-methyl-1-(trimethylsilyl)-1,2-azaborolinyl]iron (3) and -cobalt (4), respectively. The molecular structure of 4 has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods.
    Notes: 2-Methyl-1-(trimethylsilyl)-Δ3-1,2-azaborolin (1) reagiert mit Lithium-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidid [Li(TMP)] zum Lithiumsalz 2 des 2-Methyl-1-(trimethylsilyl)-1,2-azaborolinyl-Anions. Die Ergebnisse quantenchemischer Rechnungen nach der MNDO-Methode am unsubstituierten Azaborolinyl-Anion sowie am neutralen Azaborolin erlauben Vergleiche mit röntgenstrukturanalytisch ermittelten Daten. 1 reagiert mit FeBr2 und CoBr2 zu den Sandwichkomplexen Bis[2-methyl-1-(trimethylsilyl)-1,2-azaborolinyl]eisen (3) und -cobalt (4). Die Molekülstruktur von 4 wurde mittels Einkristall-Röntgenbeugungsmethoden bestimmt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 748-753 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Absolute Configuration of Optically Active 4,5-Diazatwist-4-eneThe adduct 5 of diphenyl azodicarboxylate and 7,8-dibromobicyclo[4.2.0]octa-2,4-diene is transformed via 6 and 7 to the twistane derivative 8a, which is partially resolved on cellulose triacetate. Hydrogenation of (-)-4,5-Diazatwist-4-ene ((-)-1), obtained from (-)-8a, yields 2e, isolated as the hydrochloride (+)-2d. Since (+)-2d correlates with (+)-(2S, 5S)-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,5-dicarboxylic acid ((+)-2a), M-helicity is attributed to (-)-1.
    Notes: Das Addukt 5 aus Azodicarbonsäure-diphenylester und 7,8-Dibrombicyclo[4.2.0]octa-2,4-dien liefert über 6 und 7 das Twistanderivat 8a, das sich an Triacetylcellulose partiell in die Enantiomeren trennen läßt. Hydrierung des aus (-)-8a zugänglichen (-)-4,5-Diazatwist-4-ens ((-)-1) ergibt 2e, das als Hydrochlorid (+)-2d isoliert wird. Da (+)-2d mit der (+)-(2S, 5S)-Bicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2,5-dicarbonsäure ((+)-2a) korreliert ist, wird (-)-1 die M-Helizität zugeordnet.
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  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 764-771 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Vinyl Cations, 35. Mechanisms of Formation of Vinyl Triflates on Treatment of Ketones with Trifluoromethanesulfonic AnhydridAlkynones (5) are treated with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride in the presence of various bases to give 1-(1-alkynyl)vinyl triflates (6). The mechanisms of formation of vinyl triflates are discussed in detail.
    Notes: Alkinone (5) werden mit Trifluormethansulfonsäureanhydrid in Gegenwart verschiedener Basen zu den 1-(1-Alkinyl)vinyl-triflaten (6) umgesetzt. Die Bildungsmechanismen für Vinyltriflate werden diskutiert.
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  • 99
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Electronic Structure and the He(I) Photoelectron Spectrum of (Cyclopentadienyl)(1,4-dimethyl-1,4-dibora-2,5-cyclohexadiene)cobaltThe electronic structure of (cyclopentadienyl)(1,4-dimethyl-1,4-dibora-2,5-cyclohexadiene)cobalt (1) has been investigated by means of semiempirical INDO calculations and by means of the He(I) photoelectron (PE) spectroscopy. The cyclopentadienyl ligand is bonded due to Co 3dyz to the transition metal center, while the dibora system is coupled via 3dxz to the Co atom. In the electronic groundstate several ligand orbitals are predicted on top of the Co 3d valence orbitals. Strong reorganization effects of the Co 3d levels during the ionization cause a switch of the groundstate orbital sequence. The first PE bands are due to Co 3d orbitals. By means of perturbational calculations based on the Green's function approach it is possible to reproduce the experimental PE spectrum with sufficient accuracy.
    Notes: Die Elektronenstruktur von (Cyclopentadienyl)(1,4-dimethyl-1,4-dibora-2,5-cyclohexadien)cobalt (1) wurde mit Hilfe von semiempirischen INDO-Rechnungen sowie He(I)-Photoelektronen(PE)-Spektrum untersucht. Der Cyclopentadienyl-Ligand wird durch Co-3dyz an das Zentralatom gebunden, während das Dibor-System über 3dxy an Co gekoppelt wird. Im elektronischen Grundzustand liegen mehrere Ligandenniveaus oberhalb der Co-3d-Valenzorbitale. Bei der Ionisation führen starke Reorganisationseffekte innerhalb der Co-3d-Orbitale zu einer Vertauschung der Orbitalsequenz des Grundzustands; die ersten PE-Banden werden durch Co-3d-Niveaus hervorgerufen. Durch störungstheoretische Rechnungen, die auf dem Formalismus der Greenschen Funktion beruhen, läßt sich das gemessene PE-Spektrum theoretisch gut reproduzieren.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 2574-2585 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of 3-Phenyl-5-silylpyridazines by Regioselective [4 + 2]-CycloadditionsThe cycloaddition of 3-phenyl-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (1) with the silylethyne 2a proceeds highly regio-selectively to give 3-phenyl-5-(trimethylsilyl)pyridazine (3a). Similarly the reactions of 1 with the silylalkynes 2b-f, the silylalkynones 2g-i, and the silylated diynes 2j-m afford the 4-substituted 3-phenyl-5-silylpyridazines 3b-m. In contrast, the reaction of 1 with 6 yields the two isomers 7 and 8 formed by addition of 1 to the unsilylated triple bond of 6. 1H- and 13C NMR spectroscopy and desilylation of 3b,c,e,g were used to determine the structure of the pyridazines.
    Notes: Die Cycloaddition von 3-Phenyl-1,2,4,5-tetrazin (1) mit dem Silylethin 2a verläuft hoch regioselektiv zu 3-Phenyl-5-(trimethylsilyl)pyridazin (3a). Entsprechend reagieren die Silylalkine 2b-f, die Silylalkinone 2g-i sowie die silylierten Diine 2j-m mit 1 unter Bildung der in 4-Position substituierten 3-Phenyl-5-silylpyridazine 3b-m. Die Reaktion von 1 mit 6 führt dagegen zu den beiden Isomeren 7 und 8 durch Addition von 1 an die nicht silylierte Dreifachbindung von 6. Die Konstitution der Pyridazine wurde durch 1H- und 13C-NMR-Spektroskopie und Entsilylierung von 3b,c,e,g bestimmt.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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