Library

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Electronic Resource  (389)
  • 2000-2004  (389)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging  (158)
  • chemotherapy  (81)
  • Prognosis  (77)
  • Quality of life  (75)
Material
  • Electronic Resource  (389)
Years
Year
Keywords
  • 1
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Fecal incontinence ; Quality of life ; Health surveys ; Reproducibility of results ; Outcome assessment (health care)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: This goal of this research was to develop and evaluate the psychometrics of a health-related quality of life scale developed to address issues related specifically to fecal incontinence, the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale. METHODS: The Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale is composed of a total of 29 items; these items form four scales: Lifestyle (10 items), Coping/Behavior (9 items), Depression/Self-Perception (7 items), and Embarrassment (3 items). RESULTS: Psychometric evaluation of these scales demonstrates that they are both reliable and valid. Each of the scales demonstrate stability over time (test/retest reliability) and have acceptable internal reliability (Cronbach alpha 〉0.70). Validity was assessed using discriminate and convergent techniques. Each of the four scales of the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale was capable of discriminating between patients with fecal incontinence and patients with other gastrointestinal problems. To evaluate convergent validity, the correlation of the scales in the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale with selected subscales in the SF-36 was analyzed. The scales in the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale demonstrated significant correlations with the subscales in the SF-36. CONCLUSIONS: The psychometric evaluation of the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale showed that this fecal incontinence-specific quality of life measure produces both reliable and valid measurement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Abdominoperineal resection ; Laparoscopy ; Colorectal carcinoma ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: Although laparoscopic colorectal surgery is attracting ever more attention, its use for curative treatment of colorectal carcinoma in particular continues to be controversial. The present study was an attempt to analyze the results of the perioperative course, oncologic quality, and preliminary long-term results. METHOD: The data considered here were collected within the framework of a prospective, observational study initiated on August 1, 1995, and involving a total of 18 institutions in Germany and Austria. At the end of three years, the results are now being presented selectively,i.e., focusing only on abdominoperineal resection. RESULTS: A total of 116 patients underwent laparoscopic abdominoperineal resections, 98 (84.5 percent) of which were performed with curative intent. The mean operating time was 226 (confidence interval, 140–365) minutes. Seven patients (6 percent) experienced an intraoperative complication, which in more than one-half of the cases was a vascular injury involving the presacral venous plexus; the conversion rate was 3.4 percent. Postoperatively, 40 patients developed 97 complications—including those of a very minor nature—giving an overall morbidity rate of 34.4 percent. Reoperation in six patients (5.2 percent) had to be performed for an afterbleed in one-half of the cases and ileus in the other one-half. Postoperative mortality was a low 1.7 percent. In most of the curative resections, an oncologically radical operation with high transection of the inferior mesenteric artery and a complete dissection of the pelvis down to the floor was performed. The median number of lymph nodes investigated was 11.5, and there was wide fluctuation in the numbers among the individual institutions. Tumor cell dissemination occurred intraoperatively in five patients. In the meantime, 79 patients (81 percent) underwent at least one follow-up examination, the mean follow-up period being 491 days. Seven patients developed a local recurrence, and a further six patients developed distant metastases. For recurrence-free survival rate, the Kaplan-Meier estimation calculated a probability of 71 percent. CONCLUSION: Not all of the reservations about laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection, in particular with regard to resection with curative intent, have yet been eliminated. The present study does, however, show that a laparoscopic approach can in principle meet oncologic requirements of radicality and, with regard to the postoperative course, is associated with considerable benefits to the patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Recurrent rectal cancer ; Cost-effectiveness analysis ; Quality of life
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: This study was performed to determine the quality of life and cost-effectiveness of therapeutic options for patients with locally recurrent rectal carcinoma, determined from the perspectives of patients and health care providers. METHODS: We reviewed the records of patients (N=68) with locally recurrent rectal carcinoma evaluated from 1992 through 1995. We constructed a decision-analytic model incorporating outcomes, survival, and costs. Utilities were elicited from convenience samples of health care providers and patients using the standard gamble technique. RESULTS: The median survival for patients undergoing surgical resection (n=40) was 42 months, compared with 16.8 months for patients undergoing diagnostic or palliative surgery (n=16) and 18.3 months for patients treated nonoperatively (n=12;P〈0.005). The mean cost of treatment per patient was $19,283 for the nonoperative group, $45,647 for the diagnostic or palliative surgery group, and $70,878 for the surgical resection group. The diagnostic or palliative surgical strategy was dominated by the nonoperative strategy because the former had greater costs with fewer health benefits. The incremental cost-utility ratio of surgical resection compared with nonoperative management using health care provider utilities was $109,777 per quality-adjusted life year gained; it was reduced to $56,698 using per quality-adjusted life year using mean patient utilities. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with recurrent rectal carcinoma view surgery and morbidity to be less severe than health care providers. Diagnostic or palliative surgery is expensive and affects quality-adjusted survival adversely compared with nonoperative therapy. Surgical resection may be a cost-effective use of resources, particularly when cost-effectiveness is calculated using patient preferences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 43 (2000), S. 326-332 
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Laparoscopic surgery ; Aged ; Colorectal surgery ; Morbidity ; Quality of life
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine rates of complications and extent of benefits for laparoscopic-assisted colectomy compared with open colectomy in patients older than age 75. METHODS: Forty-two patients undergoing laparoscopic-assisted colectomy (1992–1998) were matched to 42 open colectomy patients for gender, age, year of surgery, operating surgeon, and procedure. Health status (American Society of Anesthesiology score), previous abdominal surgery, conversion rate, surgical outcome, and need for assistance at admission and dismissal (independencevs. home with assistancevs. nursing facilities) were reviewed. RESULTS: Mean ages were 81.2 and 80.5 years for laparoscopic-assisted colectomy and open colectomy, respectively (P=not significant). Twenty-one laparoscopic-assisted colectomy and 23 open colectomy patients were females. American Society of Anesthesiology scores were comparable, as were rates of previous abdominal surgery (57 percent for laparoscopic-assisted colectomyvs. 62 percent for open colectomy;P=not significant). Mean operative times were longer for laparoscopic-assisted colectomy (190 minutes for laparoscopic-assisted colectomyvs. 142 minutes for open colectomy;P〈0.001); operating room times progressively decreased from 221 minutes in 1992 to 1995 to 147 in 1998 for laparoscopic right hemicolectomy (P〈0.001). The conversion rate for laparoscopic-assisted colectomy was 14.3 percent. There were no deaths in either group, and laparoscopic-assisted colectomy was associated with fewer morbidities (14.3 percent for laparoscopic-assisted colectomyvs. 33.3 percent for open colectomy;P=0.04), narcotic usage (2.7vs. 4.8 days;P〈0.001), time to return to bowel movements (3.9vs. 5.9 days;P〈0.001), and length of hospital stay (6.5vs. 10.2 days;P〈0.001). Independent status at admission in 37 laparoscopic-assisted colectomy and 38 open colectomy patients was maintained at discharge by 35 laparoscopic-assisted colectomyvs. 29 open colectomy patients (P=0.025). CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic-assisted colectomy is safe and beneficial, including preservation of postoperative independence, to the elderly when compared with open colectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Fistula-in-ano ; Surgery ; Imaging ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: Magnetic resonance imaging of fistula-in-ano has been shown to predict surgical anatomy accurately and identify complex features. In addition, fistula complexity has been correlated with poor outcome after surgical intervention. We investigated whether preoperative magnetic resonance imaging could predict clinical outcome after surgery for fistulous disease better than clinical examination under anesthetic. METHODS: Seventy patients with clinically suspected fistula-in-ano underwent preoperative dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging before surgical exploration. Outcome was assessed at a minimum of one year after surgical exploration and correlated in a blinded fashion with the surgical and magnetic resonance grading of the severity of the fistulous disease. RESULTS: Of 70 patients, 12 were not operated on and 6 were lost to follow-up, making 52 patients eligible for analysis. Assessment by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging more accurately predicted outcome than the findings at initial surgical exploration. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging had a sensitivity of 81 percent, specificity of 73 percent, and positive predictive value of 75 percent; surgery had a sensitivity of 77 percent, specificity of 46 percent, and positive predictive value of 59 percent. Surgical assessment of apparent disease severity bore no relation to final outcome. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging could accurately predict whether patients were likely to have a satisfactory or unsatisfactory outcome after surgery. CONCLUSION: Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging better predicts clinical outcome of patients with fistula-in-ano than initial surgical exploration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    ISSN: 1534-4681
    Keywords: Rectal cancer ; Intensive follow-up ; Local recurrence ; Reoperation ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Because more than 90% of local recurrences after curative surgery for rectal cancer appear within the first 36 months after surgery, an intensive and strict follow-up program during this period could improve early diagnosis and, thus, prognosis of patients. Methods: Of the 216 patients who underwent surgery for rectal cancer, 127 entered an intensive follow-up program (median follow-up: 42 months); the clinical outcome of the remaining 89 patients was reconstructed with the help of their general practitioners. Results: Fifty eight (26.8%) of the 216 patients who were treated with curative surgery alone developed a local recurrence; pelvic recurrences were prevalent. Eleven (30.5%) of the 36 patients who had recurrence during follow-up, and 6 of the 22 who had not undergone follow-up, had a reoperation with curative intent; the median survival was 19 months vs. 8 months, respectively (P 5 ns). Four (44.4%) curative reoperations were performed on the 9 asymptomatic patients and in 13 (26.5%) of the 49 cases with symptomatic local recurrences. Median survival was 15 months vs. 14 months, respectively (P 5 n.s). All patients except one (living after 42 months from reoperation) died within 48 months. Conclusions: In our study, adherence to a strict follow-up program unfortunately proved to be ineffective for improving long-term survival for patients who underwent reoperation with curative intent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of surgical oncology 7 (2000), S. 367-375 
    ISSN: 1534-4681
    Keywords: Outcomes ; Surgical oncology ; Review ; Quality of life
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: There have been significant developments and advances in the area of outcomes research in the past 25 years. Unfortunately, many surgical oncologists may not have a clear concept of outcomes research and the methodology involved. Methods: A literature-based review article was done that included an overview of outcomes research, and study design and types, outcome measures, outcome instruments, and sources of outcome data were examined. In addition, we reviewed small area variation(volume outcome analysis as well as quality-of-life studies and their applications in surgical oncology clinical investigation. Specific examples from surgical oncology were identified. Results: As the costs of health care have increased, so has the emphasis on measuring outcomes of medical and surgical care to determine the quality and appropriateness of care. Marked variations in a variety of outcomes after oncological procedures have been attributed to individual surgeon and institution characteristics. Because much of the clinical surgical oncology literature deals only with the traditional mortality and morbidity outcomes, a more comprehensive examination of patient outcomes is required to fully evaluate the impact of patient management decisions. Health-related quality of life can be measured and analyzed in several ways and decisions regarding the use of such methodology are dependent on multiple factors. Conclusions: Surgical oncologists should recognize that the true value of their interventions requires systematic and comprehensive examination of patient outcomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    ISSN: 1534-4681
    Keywords: Breast cancer ; Quality of life ; Mental health ; Surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The aim of the present study was to examine whether type of surgery, age, and time since surgery influenced psychological distress and quality of life (QOL) in women treated for breast cancer. Methods: We surveyed 183 women who had undergone surgery for breast cancer. Psychological distress was measured with the Mental Health Inventory and QOL was measured with the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire. Results: After controlling for stage of disease, radiation treatment, and age, there was a statistically significant interaction between type of surgery and time since surgery for the Mental Health Inventory total score, and a marginal interaction between type of surgery and time since surgery for the Global health status/QOL score. Women who had breast conservation surgery experienced significantly greater levels of psychological distress and marginally worse QOL from 40 months after surgery onward than did women who received a mastectomy. Conclusions: The effects of different surgical treatments for breast cancer on psychological distress and QOL become apparent only after a period of several years. Women, therefore, need counseling on the potentially positive and negative psychological implications of different surgical treatments for breast cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    ISSN: 1534-4681
    Keywords: Gastric cancer ; Prognosis ; Pepsinogen C ; Pepsinogen A
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: In this study we evaluated the expression and clinical significance of pepsinogen C, an aspartic proteinase involved in the digestion of proteins in the stomach, in patients with gastric cancer. Methods: Pepsinogen C expression was examined by immunohistochemical methods in a series of 95 gastric carcinomas. The prognostic value of pepsinogen C was retrospectively evaluated by multivariate analysis taking into account conventional prognostic parameters. Follow-up period of patients was 21.4 months. Results: A total of 25 (26.3%) gastric carcinomas stained positively for pepsinogen C. The percentage of pepsinogen C-positive tumors was higher in well-differentiated (50%) than in moderately differentiated (19.5%) and poorly differentiated (21.9%) tumors (P 〈 .05). Similarly, significant differences in pepsinogen C immunostaining were found between node-negative and node-positive tumors (47.1% vs. 14.7%; P 〈 .001). In addition, statistical analysis revealed that pepsinogen C expression was associated with clinical outcome in gastric cancer patients. Low pepsinogen C levels predicted short overall survival periods in the overall group of patients with gastric cancer (P 〈 .001), and in 71 patients with resectable carcinomas (P 〈 .005). Multivariate analysis according to Cox’s model indicated that pepsinogen C immunostaining was an independent predictor of outcome for both overall and resectable gastric cancer patients (P 〈 .05, for both). Conclusions: The expression of pepsinogen C in gastric cancer may represent a useful biological marker able to identify subgroups of patients with different clinical outcomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    ISSN: 1534-4681
    Keywords: Stomach ; Cancer ; Gastric cancer ; Lymph node metastasis ; Prognosis ; Survival rate ; Multivariate analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: In gastric cancer, the level and number of lymph node metastases is useful for predicting survival, and there are several staging systems for lymph node metastasis. The aim of this study was to compare the several lymph node classifications and to clarify the most important lymph node information associated with prognosis using multivariate analysis. Methods: A total of 106 patients with histologically node-positive gastric cancer treated by radical gastrectomy and extended lymph node dissection (D2, D3) were studied. The level of lymph node metastasis was categorized simply as Level I nodes (perigastric, No.1–6), Level II nodes (intermediate, No.7–9), and Level III nodes (distant, No.10–16), irrespective of the tumor location. The Level II nodes included lymph nodes along the left gastric artery, common hepatic artery, and celiac trunk. Results: Overall 5-year survival rate was 51%. Univariate analysis showed that 5-year survival rate was significantly influenced by the level of positive nodes (P 〈 .01), total number of positive nodes (P 〈 .01), number of positive Level I nodes (P 〈 .01), and number of positive Level II nodes (P 〈 .01), in addition to the tumor location (P 〈 .05), tumor size (P 〈 .05), gross type (P 〈 .01), and depth of wall invasion (P 〈 .01). Of these, independent prognostic factors associated with 5-year survival rate were the number of positive Level II nodes (0–1 vs. ≥2) (62% vs. 19%, P 〈 .01) and the depth of wall invasion (within vs. beyond muscularis) (79% vs. 43%, P 〈 .01). Conclusions: Among several staging systems for lymph node metastases, the number of positive Level II nodes provided the most powerful prognostic information in patients with node-positive gastric cancer. When there were two or more metastases in the Level II nodes, prognosis was poor even after D2 or D3 gastrectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Microscopic peritoneal dissemination ; Colon-cancer ; Gastric cancer ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: We evaluated the incidence and prognostic relevance of microscopic intraperitoneal tumor cell dissemination of colon cancer in comparison with dissemination of gastric cancer as a rational for additive intraperitoneal therapy. METHODS: Peritoneal washouts of 90 patients with colon and 111 patients with gastric cancer were investigated prospectively. Sixty patients with benign diseases and 8 patients with histologically proven gross visible peritoneal carcinomatosis served as controls. Intraoperatively, 100 ml of warm NaCl 0.9 percent were instilled and 20 ml were reaspirated. In all patients hematoxylin and eosin staining (conventional cytology) was performed. Additionally, in 36 patients with colon cancer and 47 patients with gastric cancer, immunostaining with the HEA-125 antibody (immunocytology) was prepared. The results of cytology were assessed for an association with TNM category and cancer grade, based on all patients, and with patient survival, among the R0 resected patients. RESULTS: In conventional cytology 35.5 percent (32/90) of patients with colon cancer and 42.3 percent (47/111) of patients with gastric cancer had a positive cytology. In immunocytology 47.2 percent (17/36) of patients with colon cancer and 46.8 percent (22/47) of patients with gastric cancer were positive. In colon cancer, positive conventional cytology was associated with pT and M category (P=0.044 andP=0.0002), whereas immunocytology was only associated with M category (P=0.007). No association was found between nodal status and immunocytology in colon cancer and with the grading. There was a statistically significant correlation between pT M category and conventional and immunocytology in gastric cancer (P〈0.0015/P=0.007 andP〈0.001/P=0.009, respectively). Positive immunocytology was additionally associated with pN category (P=0.05). In a univariate analysis of R0 resected patients (no residual tumor), positive immunocytology was significantly related to an unfavorable prognosis in patients with gastric cancer only (n=30). Mean survival time was significantly increased in patients with gastric cancer with negative cytology compared with positive cytology (1,205 (standard error of the mean, 91)vs. 771 (standard error of the mean, 147) days;P=0.007) but not in patients with colon cancer (1,215 (standard error of the mean, 95)vs. 1,346 (standard error of the mean, 106) days;P=0.55). CONCLUSIONS: Because microscopic peritoneal dissemination influences survival time after R0 resections only in patients with gastric but not with colon cancer, our results may provide a basis for a decision on additive, prophylactic (intraperitoneal) therapy in gastric but not colon cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 43 (2000), S. 1497-1502 
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Ulcerative colitis ; Quality of life ; Pelvic pouch ; Dysplasia ; Cancer ; Colitis-associated neoplasia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: Despite high patient satisfaction with a pelvic pouch, patients experience some bowel dysfunction. Patients whose indication for surgery is neoplasia may have near-normal preoperative bowel function. We hypothesized that these patients would be less accepting of a poorer functional status after surgery, reflected in a poorer measure of quality of life. METHOD: Sixteen patients who had dysplasia or cancer as the primary indication for surgery were compared with a matched control group whose indication for surgery was failed medical therapy. Quality of life was assessed using one disease-specific instrument, the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire, two generic quality-of-life instruments, the Sickness Impact Profile and the Short Form 36, and two utility assessments. RESULTS: The groups were well matched with no significant differences in functional outcome. Quality-of-life scores were high in both groups and there were no significant differences in overall quality of life between the two groups using all five instruments. There was evidence of a response shift phenomenon in the failed medical therapy control group. CONCLUSION: Quality of life of patients who have a pelvic pouch for colitis-associated neoplasia is excellent and the same as that of patients who have a pouch for failure of medical therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Rectal cancer ; Sphincter preservation ; Functional outcome ; Quality of life ; Intraoperative radiation therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: Locally advanced primary and recurrent rectal cancers treated with external beam radiation therapy, intraoperative radiation therapy, and chemotherapy represent a complex group of patients in the setting of extensive pelvic surgery and sphincter preservation. We sought to define functional outcome and quality of life in this subset of patients. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed our experience with locally advanced primary and recurrent rectal cancer patients who underwent intraoperative radiation therapy with either low anterior resection (n=12) or coloanal anastomosis (n=6) between 1991 and 1998. Current functional outcome and quality of life were evaluated by a detailed questionnaire. RESULTS: Median time from operation to assessment was 24 (range, 6–93) months. Using a standardized Sphincter Function Scale, incorporating the number of bowel movements per day and degree of incontinence, patients were graded as poor, fair, good, or excellent function. Of all patients, 56 percent reported unfavorable (poor or fair) function. Of the subset of patients with coloanal anastomosis or very low low anterior resection, 88 percent had unfavorable function as compared with 30 percent with standard low anterior resection. (P=0.02; Fisher's exact probability test). A quality-of-life satisfaction score based on social, professional, and recreational restrictions demonstrated 56 percent of patients to be dissatisfied with their bowel function. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients with advanced rectal cancers who require external beam radiation therapy, extensive pelvic surgery, and intraoperative radiation therapy report unfavorable functional and quality-of-life outcomes after sphincter preservation. In this setting patients being considered for coloanal anastomosis or very low anterior resection may be better served by permanent diversion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 43 (2000), S. 1222-1226 
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Colorectal neoplasms ; Young age ; Case-control study ; Pathology ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: Colorectal adenocarcinoma before the age of 40 is uncommon, and its prognosis is controversial, with many studies reporting a worse prognosis than in older patients and others showing no difference. The current study compared two groups of patients who had surgical resection for colorectal adenocarcinoma. METHODS: The case group was composed of 34 patients younger than 40 (34 ± 4) years. Detailed pathologic prognosis factors, tumor cell proliferation measured by proliferating cell nuclear antigen, survival, family history, and predisposing conditions were analyzed. Results were compared with a control group constituted of 34 patients older than 65 (75 ± 6) years matched by gender, cancer site, and Dukes stage. RESULTS: Tumor differentiation, presence of vascular and perineural neoplastic invasion, tumor growth pattern, tumor cell proliferation measured by proliferating cell nuclear antigen count, and survival according to the Kaplan-Meier method were not significantly different between younger and older patients. The only difference between the two groups was a higher prevalence of family history and predisposing conditions for colorectal cancer in younger patients (23vs. 3 percent;P=0.03). CONCLUSION: This case-control study documents that pathologic features and prognosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma are comparable in patients younger than 40 years compared with older patients for identical stages. The higher prevalence of positive family history in younger patients suggests a different genetic background compared with older patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 43 (2000), S. 1206-1212 
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Fistula-in-ano ; Recurrence ; Incontinence ; Quality of life ; Lifestyle ; Satisfaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: The surgical treatment of fistula-in-ano frequently results in recurrence of the fistula or postoperative anal incontinence. Despite these problems, most patients are satisfied with the results of their surgery. To clarify this apparent discrepancy, we attempted to identify factors that affect patient's lifestyles and may contribute to their satisfaction. METHODS: A questionnaire was mailed to 624 patients surgically treated for cryptoglandular fistula-in-ano at the University of Minnesota during a five-year period. Three hundred seventy-five patients returned their questionnaires. Patients who were followed up for a minimum of one year were included in this retrospective study. Associations between postoperative complications and patient satisfaction were identified by chi-squared tests and multiple logistic regression. Attributable fractions for patient dissatisfaction were calculated using study population dissatisfaction rates. RESULTS: Patient satisfaction was strongly associated with fistula recurrence, difficulty holding gas, soiling of undergarment, and accidental bowel movements. Effects of incontinence on patient quality of life were also significantly associated with patient satisfaction as was the number of lifestyle activities affected by incontinence. Patients with fistula recurrence reported a higher dissatisfaction rate (61 percent) than did patients with anal incontinence (24 percent), but the attributable fraction of dissatisfaction for incontinence (84 percent) was greater than that for fistula recurrence (33 percent). Patient satisfaction was not significantly associated with age, gender, history of previous fistula surgery, type of fistula, surgical procedure, time since surgery, or operating surgeon. CONCLUSION: Patient satisfaction after surgical treatment for fistula-in-ano is associated with recurrence of the fistula, the development of anal incontinence, and with the effects of anal incontinence on patient lifestyle. In our series of patients treated mainly with laying open of the fistula tract, patients with fistula recurrence had a higher dissatisfaction rate than did patients with anal incontinence. However, because anal incontinence was more prevalent than fistula recurrence, a higher fraction of dissatisfaction was attributable to anal incontinence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    ISSN: 1534-4681
    Keywords: Quality of life ; Cystectomy ; Urinary diversion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: In this study, we used a previously well-validated survey to assess the impact of different forms of urinary diversion on overall quality of life in patients with bladder cancer. Methods: A total of 92 patients, having three different forms of urinary diversion after radical cystectomy, completed by mail the SF-36, a validated quality-of-life survey. All patients had local(regional disease at the time of cystectomy and are currently without evidence of disease. Completed surveys were then analyzed into physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) component quality-of-life scores per published protocols. Results were then compared with published age-based norms. Results: A total of 38 men who had cystectomy and ileal neobladder had a mean PCS (6SD) of 48.4 (7.8) and a mean MCS of 51.0 (7.4); 16 men and women who had cystectomy and Indiana Pouch had a mean PCS of 48.4 (8.9) and a mean MCS of 55.7 (3.8). None of these results is statistically different from published age- and sex-based population norms. Thirty-eight men who had cystectomy and ileal conduit had a mean PCS of 41.4 (8.5) and a mean MCS of 48.2 (10.7). The PCS is not statistically different from the population-based norm; however, the MCS is significantly decreased from the published norm (P 5.01). Conclusions: Patients with ileal conduits have significantly decreased mental health quality of life whereas patients with continent urinary diversions do not. Therefore, when not medically contraindicated, patients should be offered a continent diversion as the diversion of choice after cystectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    ISSN: 1534-4681
    Keywords: Gastric cancer ; Younger patients ; Elderly patients ; Comparative study ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies worldwide. Some studies have suggested that it has a worse prognosis in young than in elderly patients. Methods: All young and elderly patients treated for gastric adenocarcinoma during the period 1988 to 1994 in a tertiary referral center in Mexico City were included. Demographic, clinical, and pathologic features of young patients (less than 40 years of age) with gastric cancer were compared with those of elderly patients (70 years of age or older) with the same diagnosis. Overall survival was the main outcome measure. Results: There were 38 patients in each group. The mean age of the young and elderly groups was 33 and 77 years, respectively. Family history of gastric cancer was reported by 6 patients of the younger group and by 1 patient in the older group (P 〈 .05). Most patients in both groups were symptomatic and had an advanced stage of the disease. With a mean follow-up of 17 months, the overall median survival for all patients was 12 months. By group, the median survival was 13 and 12 months for the young and elderly patients, respectively (P = .38). Variables with significant impact on survival were the stage of the disease, possibility of surgical resection, location of the tumor, and a family history of gastric cancer. Conclusions: Young patients represent a significant proportion of patients with gastric cancer in Hispanic populations. There were no significant differences in clinicopathological characteristics and outcome of gastric adenocarcinoma between young and elderly patients. Survival was determined by the stage of the tumor and the possibility of complete surgical resection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of surgical oncology 7 (2000), S. 520-525 
    ISSN: 1534-4681
    Keywords: Proximal gastric third ; Adenocarcinoma ; Total gastrectomy ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The incidence of proximal gastric third carcinoma (PGC) has been rising in recent years. Classification and surgical therapy remain controversial. Methods: Between May 1986 and October 1997, 532 patients were operated for primary gastric carcinoma. All patient data were analyzed retrospectively comparing findings in patients with PGC and those with distal gastric carcinoma (DGC). Results: Two hundred fifty patients had a PGC, and 282 patients had a DGC. The rate of R0 resections was 79.3% for PGC and 81.6% for DGC. In 93.9% of the patients with PGC total gastrectomy was performed; for DGC total gastrectomy was done in 74.5% of patients. Postoperative morbidity and mortality were 29.2% for PGC and 23.8% for DGC, and 3.2% for PGC and 3.5% for DGC, respectively. Patients with advanced tumor stages (stage III and IV) were more common in the PGC group (73.3% vs. 53.6% in DGC). After R0 resection, the 5-year survival rate was 33.2% for PGC and 59.7% for DGC. Conclusions: There was no significant difference between the rates of R0 resections for PGC and DGC. Total gastrectomy can be performed with low postoperative morbidity and mortality. PGC and DGC represent the same tumor entity, and prognosis is similar, but due to more advanced tumor stages, the long-term survival is worse for patients with PGC than for those with DGC. Left retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy may be indicated for PGC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 43 (2000), S. 650-655 
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Loop ileostomy ; Loop colostomy ; Quality of life ; Stoma complications
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: The hypothesis is that the impact of a temporary stoma on a patient's daily life is determined by complications and related stoma care problems. METHOD: A prospective clinical trial was performed, studying complications and social well-being of 37 patients with loop ileostomy and 39 patients with a loop colostomy (randomly assigned comparison). Patients were categorized according to degree of social restriction. The association between the degree of social restriction and the presence of stoma care problems and complications was assessed. Follow-up was scheduled every three months until the stoma was closed (94 percent). RESULTS: There is no relation between stoma type (ileostomy or colostomy) and degree of social restriction (chi-squared test,P=0.42). The more stoma care problems or complications seen, the higher the degree of social restriction: significantly more stoma care problems were seen in the completely isolated group of patients when compared with the patients who were less socially restricted (Spearman correlation coefficient 1=0.35,P=0.003). Especially stoma leakage, peristomal skin irritation, dietary prescriptions, retraction, and prolapse of the stoma have significant impact on the patient's daily life. CONCLUSION: Stoma surgery has a great influence on a patient's daily life. There is a clear relation between the number of stoma care problems and the degree of social restriction. Follow-up of stoma patients under close surveillance of stoma care nurse to minimize stoma care problems and a careful surgical technique are advocated for good stoma care.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 43 (2000), S. 1227-1236 
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Rectal cancer ; Apoptosis ; p53 ; bcl-2 ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of the apoptotic index for recurrence and disease-free survival after curative surgery for rectal cancer, particularly in relation to clinicopathologic variables, p53− and bcl-2 expression. METHODS: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples of rectal carcinomas resected curatively within a five-year period were used (N=160). Apoptotic cells with fragmented DNA were detected by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphatase-biotin nick-end-labeling method. The ratio of apoptotic tumor cells (in percent) was classified into low apoptotic index (less than 10 percent) and high apoptotic index (10 percent or more). Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using monoclonal antibodies (DO-1 for p53 and clone 124 for bcl-2). Statistics included univariate and multivariate analysis, and survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: Seventy-five percent of tumors showed a low apoptotic index, and 25 percent had a high apoptotic index. No correlation was found between apoptotic index and International Union Against Cancer stage (P〉0.05). However, significant correlations were documented with histologic differentiation (mean apoptotic index, 5.74 percent in moderatelyvs. 3.98 percent in poorly differentiated carcinomas; P=0.0173), lymph node involvement (mean apoptotic index, 6.11 percent in pN1vs. 3.72 percent in pN2; P=0.0074), p53 status (mean apoptotic index, 6.26 percent in p53−vs. 4.42 percent in p53+; P=0.0085), and bcl-2 expression (mean apoptotic index, 5.13 percent in bcl-2−vs. 6.51 percent in bcl-2+; P=0.0418). Tumors of the lower rectum had a lower apoptotic index than those of the upper rectum (P=0.0277). Neither univariate nor multivariate analysis assessed apoptotic index as predictor of prognosis: Recurrence rates did not differ between tumors related to apoptotic index (22 percent with low apoptotic indexvs. 15 percent with high apoptotic index; P〉0.05), and no significant differences were found regarding survival (P〉0.05). On multivariate analysis, International Union Against Cancer stage (P=0.0002), p53 (P=0.0002), gender (P=0.0136), and bcl-2 (P=0.0243) were independent predictors of recurrence. These variables, except for bcl-2, were also independently related to disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: Reflecting tumor biology, apoptotic index as single variable showed no prognostic significance, whereas p53 was an independent predictor for both recurrence and survival, and bcl-2 was independently related to recurrence, but not to survival. Clinically, International Union Against Cancer stage and gender were independent prognostic factors after curative surgery for rectal cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    ISSN: 1534-4681
    Keywords: Colorectal hepatic metastases ; Liver neoplasm ; Liver resection ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Hepatic resection is potentially curative in selected patients with colorectal metastases. It is a widely held practice that multiple colorectal hepatic metastases are not resected, although outcome after removal of four or more metastases is not well defined. Methods: Patients with four or more colorectal hepatic metastases who submitted to resection were identified from a prospective database. Number of metastases was determined by serial sectioning of the gross specimen at the time of resection. Demographic data, tumor characteristics, complications, and survival were analyzed. Results: From August 1985 to September 1998, 155 patients with four or more metastatic tumors (range 4–20) underwent potentially curative resection by extended hepatectomy (39%), lobectomy (42%), or multiple segmental resections (19%). Operative morbidity and mortality were 26% and 1%, respectively. Actuarial 5-year survival was 23% for the entire group (median 5 32 months) and there were 12 actual 5-year survivors. On multivariate analysis, only number of hepatic tumors (P = .005) and the presence of a positive margin (P = .003) were independent predictors of poor survival. Conclusions: Hepatic resection in patients with four or more colorectal metastases can achieve long-term survival although the results are less favorable as the number of tumors increases. Number of hepatic metastases alone should not be used as a sole contraindication to resection, but it is clear that the majority of patients will not be cured after resection of multiple lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: Key words Lung lobectomy ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Left ventricular geometry ; Mediastinum ; Diaphragm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The thoracic cage after a lung resection is filled by the remaining lobes, the elevated diaphragm, the diminished thoracic cage, and by mediastinal shifting. The changes in the thorax after a lung resection were quantified using magnetic resonance imaging. The study group consisted of 39 patients who had undergone a lobectomy, four who had undergone a pneumonectomy, and 14 controls. The left ventricular angle, ascending aortic angle, mediastinal shift, longitudinal length of the thoracic cage, the distance between the thoracic apex and the level of the aortic valve, and diaphragmatic elevation were all measured. After a right lower lobectomy, the mediastinum shifted more rightward than after a right upper lobectomy. The diaphragm became more greatly elevated after a right upper lobectomy than after a right lower lobectomy. When a chest wall resection was added to a right upper lobectomy, the mediastinal anatomical changes decreased. After a left upper lobectomy, the degree of mediastinal shifting was greater than after a left lower lobectomy. A left upper lobectomy shifted the mediastinum at the level of the right atrium. This method is easily reproducible and was found to be effective for quantifying the changes in the thorax after a lung resection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    ISSN: 1436-3305
    Keywords: Key words EGC ; Prognosis ; Treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background. During the 1970s, a special type of Gastric Cancer with excellent prognosis (early gastric cancer; EGC) was identified by the Japanese Research Society for Gastric Cancer. EGC has been defined as a tumor which invades the mucosa and/or submucosa, regardless of the lymph node status. Using this definition, we identified an initial phase of tumor development which could be treated both endoscopically and surgically. Methods. We examined 412 EGC patients, recruited between 1976 and 1999, with an average follow-up of 9 years. All tumors were classified according to the macroscopic and microscopic criteria proposed by the Japanese Society of Gastroenterological Endoscopy (JSGE) and Lauren, respectively. The infiltrative growth pattern was evaluated according to Kodama's classification. Only tumor-related death was considered as an end-point of interest for the survival analysis. Results. Submucosal tumors (P = 0.008), Pen A (see definition below) type disease (P = 0.0001), and lymph node-positive cancers (P = 0.0002) were significant prognostic factors on univariate analysis. Moreover, bivariate analysis showed that the worst prognosis, in terms of survival, was for patients with nodal involvment, submucosal invasion, and node-positive and Pen-A type cancer. The abbreviation Pen, penetrating, indicates a lesion with a diameter of less than 4 cm, which invades the submucosa diffusely. Pen A type EGC represents a subgroup of tumors which infiltrates the submucosa extensively, with nodular masses, causing the complete destruction of the muscularis mucosae. Conclusion. In our series, Pen A type was an important prognostic factor (hazard ratio; HR, 8.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.49–19.86. For this reason, we believe it is important to evaluate the infiltration into the wall in all patients with EGC, paying particular attention to the growth pattern of the neoplasm. Moreover, submucosal Pen A type tumors had a considerably worse prognosis and this finding was reinforced when lymph node metastases coexisted. We suggest, therefore, that surgical treatment with at least a D2 lymphadenectomy is performed in all these patients, as the lesions must be considered to be advanced, no longer being EGC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    ISSN: 1436-3305
    Keywords: Key words Tumor marker ; CEA ; CA19-9 ; Gastric cancer ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background. This clinicopathological study evaluated the utility of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 as predictors of locoregional recurrence and long-term disease-free survival in patients with gastric cancer. Methods. During the period January 1989 to December 1994, 485 patients with primary gastric cancer were evaluated. Gastrectomies were performed in 434 patients. Prognostic factors were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate analysis, using Cox regression. Results. Elevated serum CEA and CA19-9 levels were observed in 92 of the 485 patients (19.0%), and in 95 of the 435 patients (21.8%), respectively, and both markers were elevated in 29 of these 435 patients (6.7%). Elevated serum CEA and CA19-9 levels correlated well with lymph node metastasis, lymphatic invasion, vessel invasion, stage grouping, depth of invasion, and curability. Patients with elevated serum CEA levels were at significantly higher risk of having all recurrence factors than were those with normal serum CEA levels. Patients with elevated serum CA19-9 levels were at significantly higher risk of having peritoneal metastases and distant metastases than were those with normal serum CA19-9 levels. A significant difference in the cumulative survival curves of patients was demonstrated between those with elevated and those with normal serum CEA or CA19-9 levels, even for patients at the same disease stage (stage III). Patients with elevated levels of both markers had a significantly worse prognosis than patients in whom the levels of both markers were normal. In patients who underwent gastrectomy, elevated serum CEA levels either preoperatively or within 3 weeks after gastrectomy were associated with significantly worse prognosis than were normal levels. When the cutoff level of serum CEA was increased to 10 ng/ml, serum CEA, age, lymph node metastasis, and surgical stage grouping were selected as independent prognostic factors by multivariate analysis of 14 prognostic factors, using Cox regression. Conclusion. Serum CEA and CA19-9 levels provide additional prognostic information in patients with primary gastric cancer. In particular, an elevated serum CEA level provides additional prognostic information and is a useful indicator of curability in patients who undergo gastrectomy. Serum CEA level is an independent prognostic factor in patients with primary gastric cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Trauma und Berufskrankheit 2 (2000), S. S154 
    ISSN: 1436-6274
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter ; Hinteres Kreuzband ; Isolierte Ruptur ; Therapie ; Prognose ; Key words ; Posterior cruciate ligament ; Isolated tears ; Treatment ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The treatment of injuries to the PCL is still controversial. There are still no answers to many questions on the biomechanics of PCL, the natural history of PCL injury, the surgical technique of PCL reconstruction and the biology of PCL healing. It is well established that primary repair of bony avulsions of the PCL provides good static and functional results. PCL tears should also be treated surgically in combined knee ligament injuries. For isolated midsubstance tears of the PCL, however, no prospective randomised long-term studies are available to date demonstrating that surgical treatment with current techniques leads to better results than nonoperative, functional treatment. Nonoperative management is advocated because the knee instability following isolated PCL midsubstance tear is only moderate, the natural history has been seen to end in acceptable functional stability, knee proprioception is preserved, and the incidence of late osteoarthritis is low.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Behandlung von Rupturen des hinteren Kreuzbands wird international noch immer kontrovers diskutiert. Zahlreiche Fragen zur funktionellen Anatomie, zum Spontanverlauf nach Ruptur, zur chirurgischen Technik sowie zum Heilungsverlauf sind unbeantwortet. Gesichert ist, daß die primäre operative Versorgung von knöchernen Ausrissen des hinteren Kreuzbands zu guten Ergebnissen führt. Bei kombinierten Knieinstabilitäten sollte das verletzte hintere Kreuzband auch operativ versorgt werden. Für die isolierte, interligamentäre Ruptur des hinteren Kreuzbands konnte bisher jedoch mit keiner prospektiven, randomisierten Langzeitstudie bewiesen werden, daß die heutigen Operationsverfahren reproduzierbar zu besseren Ergebnissen führen als die konservativ-funktionelle Behandlung. Für die konservative Therapie sprechen die nur mäßige Instabilität nach isolierter Ruptur des hinteren Kreuzbands, der günstige Spontanverlauf und der Erhalt der Propriozeption des Kniegelenks sowie die im Verlauf nur geringe Arthroserate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: Key Words Adenosquamous carcinoma ; Remnant stomach ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report herein the case of a 59-year-old man found to have adenosquamous carcinoma of the remnant stomach which demonstrated rapid progression. The patient was admitted to our hospital to undergo surgery for a papillary tumor of the remnant stomach. Total resection of the remnant stomach with lymph node dissection was performed, and pathological examination confirmed a diagnosis of adenosquamous carcinoma with invasion into the muscularis propria and lymph node metastasis around the perigastric areas. Multiple liver metastases were found 6 months after the operation, for which a right hepatectomy was performed with curative intent; however, he died 2 months later due to lymphangitis carcinomatosa of the lung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    ISSN: 1436-3305
    Keywords: Key words Hypergastrinemia ; Carcinoid tumor ; Prognosis ; Autoimmune gastritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Gastric carcinoid tumors associated with chronic atrophic gastritis type A have been reported to show good prognosis, because invasion and metastasis are rare. We report a case of gastric carcinoid tumor associated with hypergastrinemia that showed no malignant changes for 12 years. A 15-year-old man with abdominal discomfort underwent endoscopic examination. A polypoid lesion was detected on the atrophic mucosa of the fundus, and was diagnosed as a carcinoid tumor. Serological examination revealed a high level of anti-parietal-cell antibody, suggesting that the patient had chronic atrophic gastritis type A. The tumor was treated by endoscopic mucosal resection. Follow-up examinations were performed for 12 years, but showed no recurrence. This case confirms that gastric carcinoid tumors associated with chronic atrophic gastritis type A may have a good prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    ISSN: 1436-3305
    Keywords: Key words Stomach ; Cancer ; Gastric cancer ; Lymph node metastasis ; Prognosis ; Survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background. Although many authors have investigated the prognostic factors of gastric cancer, there are few comprehensive studies on the prognosis of patients with extensive lymph node metastasis. The aim of this study was to clarify the prognostic factors of gastric cancer with extragastric lymph node metastasis, using multivariate analysis. Methods. The study population consisted of 121 patients who had undergone radical gastrectomy and extended lymph node dissection (D2, D3) for gastric cancer with extragastric lymph node metastasis. We examined 18 clinicopathologic factors, including the type of gastrectomy, tumor size, depth of wall invasion, status of lymph node metastasis, and stage of disease. Survival rates were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier and Mantel-Cox methods, and multivariate analysis was done using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results. The overall 5-year survival rate was 32%, and the 5-year survival rate after curative gastrectomy was 37%. Overall survival rate was associated with the type of gastrectomy, stage of disease, operative curability, tumor size, depth of wall invasion, and anatomical distribution of positive nodes, whereas the survival rate after curative gastrectomy was correlated with the type of gastrectomy, stage of disease, tumor size, gross type, and depth of wall invasion. Independent prognostic factors were operative curability and depth of wall invasion, and survival after curative gastrectomy was influenced only by the depth of wall invasion (mucosa and submucosa [T1], muscularis and subserosa [T2] vs serosa [T3]). Conclusion. In patients with gastric cancer with extragastric lymph node metastasis, independent prognostic factors after gastrectomy were operative curability and depth of wall invasion. Long-term survival can be achieved when the patients have no serosal invasion (T1, T2) and are treated by curative gastrectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of gastroenterology 35 (2000), S. 907-911 
    ISSN: 1435-5922
    Keywords: Key words: gastric cancer ; liver neoplasms ; secondary ; interventional radiology ; chemotherapy ; chemoembolization ; therapeutic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Little is known about the effectiveness of transcatheter chemotherapy in liver metastases from gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the initial results of hepatic artery infusion and oily chemoembolization in these liver secondaries. Courses of transcatheter arterial infusion with 5-fluorouracil/doxorubicin (12 patients) and oily chemoembolization with doxorubicin-in-iodized oil and gelatin sponge (12 patients) were performed in 24 patients with histologically proven unresectable gastric cancer liver metastases. A positive effect of treatment (partial response + stabilization) was seen in 92% of the patients after chemoinfusion and in 50% after chemoembolization. The 1- and 2-year actuarial survival rates were 92% and 53% for infusion vs 50% and 17% for chemoembolization, respectively (log-rank test, P = 0.0009). For patients who had already died, the mean survival was 19.2 months vs 9.5 months (Student's t-test, P 〈 0.05) with median survivals of 23 months vs 8 months, respectively. The results with arterial infusion were very close to those reported for liver resection. Transcatheter therapy appears to be useful for the palliation of unresectable liver metastases from gastric cancer. If regional chemotherapy is used, arterial infusion should be the first-choice treatment, with oily chemoembolization being reserved for patients who do not respond to infusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; docetaxel ; gastric cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose:A multi-centric trial was performed to explore theclinical activity, in terms of response and toxicity (primary objectives),duration of response and survival (secondary objectives), of docetaxel withcisplatin in advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Patients and methods:Patients with measurable unresectable and/ormetastatic gastric carcinoma, performance status ≤1, normal hematological,hepatic and renal functions and not pretreated for advanced disease bychemotherapy received up to eight cycles of TC (docetaxel 85 mg/m2d1, cisplatin 75 mg/m2 d1) q3w. Dose escalation to 100mg/m2 was performed in five patients and was discontinued forexcessive toxicity. Results:Forty-eight patients were accrued. A median of 5cycles/patient was given. We observed 2 complete and 25 partial responses foran overall intent to treat response rate of 56% (95% CI:41%–71%). Twelve patients had stable disease for ≥9weeks (3 cycles). The median time to progression and overall survival were 6.6and 9 months, respectively. Grade ≥3 toxicities were neutropenia81%, anemia 32%, thrombocytopenia 4%, alopecia36%, fatigue 9%, mucositis 9%, diarrhea 6%,nausea/vomiting 4%, neurologic 2%, and one anaphylaxisprecluding treatment administration. We recorded nine episodes of non-fatalfebrile neutropenia in eight patients, two of them with docetaxel at 100mg/m2. There were no direct treatment-related deaths. Conclusions:TC is active in AGC with a high response rate in amulticentric trial. Despite its hematotoxicity, this regimen is well toleratedand can be recycled as originally planned in 78% of the cases. Theseresults may serve as basis for further developments of docetaxel containingregimens in this disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; concomitant chemoradiotherapy ; head and neck cancer ; paclitaxel ; radiation ; reirradiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background:Concomitant chemoradiotherapy is an effectivetreatment modality for advanced head and neck cancer, but improved regimensare needed. We sought to define the toxicities, recommended phase II dose, andoutcome of a combination chemotherapy regimen with concomitanthyperfractionated radiotherapy in patients with poor prognosis cancers of thehead and neck, including those having received prior curative intentradiotherapy. Patients and methods:From 1995 until 1997, 54 patients weretreated, 25 of whom had received a prior full course of radiotherapy to thehead and neck. Patients were treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 600mg/m2/day continuous infusion × 5 days (days 1–5),hydroxyurea, 500 mg p.o. bid × 11 doses (days 1–6) and paclitaxel(60–150 mg/m2) by one-hour infusion on day 2 using a doseescalation strategy. Radiotherapy was given concomitantly on days 2–6,150 cGy bid. Each of 4–5 cycles was delivered every other week. Results:The MTD of paclitaxel was 100 mg/m2. Theregimen was feasible; radiotherapy was delivered at a median of 7300 cGy and83% of patients received ≥80% planned dose intensity.Hematological toxicity, with granulocyte colony stimulating factor, was verymild. Dose limiting toxicities were mucositis and dermatitis. Despite poorprognosis, two-year survival was 45%. Conclusions:The recommended phase II dose of this regimen is 5-FU600 mg/m2/day × 120 hours (days 1–5), hydroxyurea 500mg p.o. b.i.d. × 11 doses (days 1–6), paclitaxel 100mg/m2 over one hour on day 2, and radiotherapy 150 cGy b.i.d. days2–6. Concomitant chemotherapy and re-irradiation was feasible on thisprotocol and resulted in long-term survival in patients without other curativeintent options.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 11 (2000), S. 887-889 
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; lung metastases ; spontaneous pneumothorax
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background:Pneumothorax occurring in the absence of obvious lungdisease is defined as spontaneous pneumothorax. Spontaneous pneumothoraxoccurs in a variety of settings in patients with malignancies. Patients and methods:We present a case report of spontaneouspneumothorax in malignancy and review the literature. Results:No correlation was found between the occurrence ofpneumothorax with age, sex or smoking history. Pneumothorax occurred with avariety of primary tumors. However it was always associated with lungmetastases or lung involvement with tumor. In certain cases the metastaseswere detected after the occurrence of pneumothorax. Conclusions:The occurrence of pneumothorax in a patient withmalignancy should prompt a search for lung metastases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: carboplatin ; chemotherapy ; gemcitabine ; non-small-cell lung cancer ; paclitaxel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background:The combination of paclitaxel (P) and carboplatin (C)is an effective treatment for advanced NSCLC. Gemcitabine (G) is an active newdrug. We planned a phase I study to find the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) ofthe PCG combination. A phase II study was subsequently conducted to evaluatethe activity and toxicity of PCG. Patients and methods:Forty-five patients entered the study.Twenty-eight had stage IIIA–B disease, 17 stage IV. In the phase Istudy, with a fixed dose of C at AUC = 6 on day 1, P was escalated usingincrements of 25 mg/m2 starting from 175 mg/m2 on day1 and G with increments of 200 mg/m2 starting from 800mg/m2 on day 1 and 8. Results:Fourteen patients entered the phase I study. The MTD wasreached at P 200 mg/m2, C AUC = 6 and G 1000 mg/m2.Neutropenic fever and grade 3 diarrhea were the dose limiting toxicities.Thirty-one patients were treated in the phase II study with P 175mg/m2, C AUC = 6 and G 1000 mg/m2. Response rate was57% (68% in stage III and 47% in stage IV).Myelosuppression was the main toxicity, with grade 3–4 leukopeniaoccurring in 35% of cases. Grade 3 anemia was observed in 24%of cases and grade 3–4 thrombocytopenia occurred in 34% ofpatients. Non-hematological toxicity was mild. Median survival and one-yearactuarial survival were 20.5 months and 74% for stage III and 11.5months and 47% for stage IV. Conclusions:PCG is a promising regimen for treating advancedNSCLC. A phase III study comparing PCG to paclitaxel plus carboplatin inadvanced NSCLC is ongoing. On the other hand, we are planning to introduce thePCG regimen in the treatment of stage II–III patients in the setting ofa multimodality treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie 4 (2000), S. S270 
    ISSN: 1434-3940
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter ; Röntgendiagnostik ; Panoramaschichtaufnahme ; Strahlenexposition ; Computertomographie ; Kernspintomographie ; Key words ; X-ray diagnostics ; Panoramic X-ray ; Radiation exposure ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A vital X-ray imaging technique in oral and craniomaxillofacial surgery is the panoramic X-ray. Due to its variety of special projections, including imaging of the transversal level and low exposure to radiation, it is suitable for answering many clinical questions and for diagnostics of various findings. It has become possible to minimize the necessary doses by further development of technology and devices, as well as of X-ray films and by new detection systems, such as sensors or screens. In some clinical cases, the diagnostic deficiencies of conventional imaging techniques make computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging indispensable. Although MR is particularly suitable for soft tissue imaging, it has also become helpful in finding cortical changes by shorter measuring times. In certain cases, e. g., changes to bone metabolism, differentiated methods of nuclear medicine make image-aided analysis of function possible.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Zentrale Aufnahmeart in der Röntgendiagnostik der Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie ist die Panoramaschichtaufnahme. Mit ihren zahlreichen Spezialprojektionen einschließlich der Abbildung der Transversalebene ist sie für die Abklärung zahlreicher Fragestellungen mit geringer Strahlenexposition geeignet. Die Verringerung des Dosisbedarfs ist weiterhin durch Fortentwicklungen der Gerätetechnik, der Röntgenfilme und durch neue Detektionssysteme wie z. B. Sensoren oder Speicherfolien möglich geworden. Diagnostische Unzulänglichkeiten der konventionellen Aufnahmearten machen bei zahlreichen klinischen Fragestellungen der Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie eine Bildgebung mittels Computertomographie und Kernspintomographie unumgänglich. Obgleich die Kernspintomographie v. a. für die Weichteildiagnostik vorrangig geeignet ist, erlaubt sie mittlerweile, aufgrund der Verkürzung der Messzeiten, auch Veränderungen der Kortikalis abzubilden. Bei bestimmten Fragestellungen, wie z. B. Veränderungen des Knochenmetabolismus, ermöglichen differenzierte nuklearmedizinische Verfahren eine abbildungsunterstützte Funktionsanalyse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Keywords AgNORs ; Standardised AgNOR analysis ; Parathyroid tumour ; Proliferation ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Prediction of evolution of secondary hyperplasia and tumours of the parathyroid glands is still a problem in histopathology. To assess whether the quantity of silver-stained nucleolar organiser region (AgNOR) proteins might be used as a prognostic tool in parathyroid pathology, a standardised AgNOR analysis has been performed on 19 cases of parathyroid hyperplasia caused by secondary hyperparathyroidism (PH), 8 cases of adenoma (PA) and 10 cases of carcinoma (PC). Clinico-pathological data and follow-up information were available. On formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections, the visualisation and quantification of AgNORs were achieved according to the 1995 guidelines of the Committee on AgNOR Quantification. Then, the mean area (square micrometres) of AgNORs per nucleus (NORA) was evaluated by means of an image analyser and specific softwares. After testing the normal distribution of NORA values, statistical parametric tests were utilised; Kaplan-Meier and Cox multivariate analyses were also performed. In parathyroid lesions, a progressive increase of mean NORA values was observed from PH (2.895 µm2; SE 0.171) through PA (3.638 µm2; SE 0.125) to PC (4.701 µm2; SE 0.179); these differences were highly significant (P〈0.001), although some degree of overlap was found among single NORA values. A significantly higher mean NORA value was revealed in PC with distant metastases than was noted in cases with no current clinical evidence of disease progression. Furthermore, a significantly (P〈0.001) higher mean NORA value was encountered in the group of PH with recurrences (3.600 µm2; SE 0.106) than in nonrecurrent PH (2.261 µm2; SE 0.087). Multivariate analyses indicated that the NORA value was an independent prognostic parameter determining the risk of recurrence in PH. We suggest that AgNOR quantity may be a promising additional tool for predicting the biological behaviour of parathyroid lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Spinal cord ; Dorsal horn ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Radiologic anatomy ; Dorsal root entry zone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The spinal dorsal horn is known for its important functional role in the field of transmission and modulation of sensory afferents. Because of this, the dorsal horn represents a target for numerous analgesic and antispastic procedures. Thus, it would be interesting to develop imaging dedicated to this spinal structure. The purpose of this study was to investigate the radiologic anatomy of the cervical dorsal horn by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (1.5T). The first step consisted in the validation of the anatomic information provided by MRI on 5 human cadavers. A spin-echo sequence (T2, 2000/45) enabled the demonstration of good correlations between histologic sections and axial MRI slices performed at the corresponding cervical levels. The second step was the 〈〈in vivo〈〈 exploration of 20 subjects, aiming at the development of a gradient echo sequence (T2*) with a conventional MRI unit, compatible with a routine clinical examination. The dorsal horn was clearly identified in 77% of the axial slices performed (n = 300). The angle between the dorsal horn axis and the sagittal plane was measured as from 25.5˚ at C2 to 40˚ at C8 segments. The results of this anatomico-radiologic study of the cervical dorsal horn suggest that preoperative MRI could be useful to design the surgical approach to this structure, as performed during cervical microsurgical drezotomy (DREZ = dorsal root entry zone) for the treatment of selected cases of chronic pain or disabling spasticity in the upper limbs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Techniques in coloproctology 4 (2000), S. 129-131 
    ISSN: 1128-045X
    Keywords: Key words Colonscopy ; CT scanning ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Virtual colonoscopy ; Pneumocolography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Colonoscopy is an invasive technique, frequently incomplete and often poorly tolerated in elderly patients. New, less invasive modalities are being developed to diagnose moderate-sized adenomatous polyps and colorectal caners which involve pneumo- or hydrocolography with high-resolution surface imaging, either by CT or MR scanning. This approach has recently been supplemented by complex image post-processing to provide a form of virtual colonoscopy which takes account of projected colonic direction and which can map for mucosal anomalies. It remains to be seen how sensitive these newer techniques are and whether defined algorithms for colonic representation can be agreed upon which will prove both accurate and cost-effective both in symptomatic and screening populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of headache and pain 1 (2000), S. 67-71 
    ISSN: 1129-2377
    Keywords: Key words Chronic daily headache ; Migraine ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Red nucleus ; Substantia nigra ; Image processing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Using BOLD-fMRI we have previously documented activation of the red nucleus (RN) and substantia nigra (SN) during spontaneously and visually activated migraine headache. These observations prompted us to study brainstem function in chronic daily headache patients using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. Seventeen chronic daily headache (CDH) patients, ten episodic migraine (EM) patients and fifteen controls (N) were imaged with a 3 tesla MRI system. For each subject, the relaxation rates R2, R2* and R2' were obtained for RN and SN. There was a significant decrease in R2' and R2* values for RN and SN in CDH compared to N and EM groups (p 〈 0.05), but no significant difference between the N and EM groups. A decrease in R2' and R2* indicates reduced deoxyhemoglobin and hence persistent activation of the RN and SN in CDH patients most likely secondary to ongoing headache at the time of study. The imaging data provide objective evidence of disturbed central nervous system function in CDH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; gemcitabine ; malignant glioma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose:We conducted a phase II multicentre study of gemcitabinein patients with anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme at firstrelapse. Patients and methods:Patients with anaplastic astrocytoma orglioblastoma multiforme receiving a stable dose of steroids and ECOGperformance status ≤3 were eligible for this study at the time of firstrelapse. One adjuvant chemotherapy regimen was permissible. Patients receivedgemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 i.v. weekly × 3, repeated on afour-weekly cycle. Results:Of 20 patients enrolled, 15 were evaluable for response,19 for non-hematological toxicity and 18 for hematological toxicity. Sevenpatients had anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) and twelve glioblastoma multiforme(GBM). Age ranged from 28–71 years (median 50). Fifteen patientsdiscontinued therapy due to disease progression. The median number of cyclesadministered was 1 (range 1–11); only two patients received more thanthree cycles. Hematologic toxicity was acceptable and no grade 4 toxicity wasseen. One patient developed Pneumocystispneumonia and eventualpulmonary embolism; one died of gastric hemorrhage related to steroid therapy.No objective responses were seen. Nine patients had stable disease (medianduration 2.7 months, range 0.9–11.2). Conclusions:Gemcitabine given in this dose and schedule seemswell tolerated but is not active in patients with recurrent high-gradegliomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: alkylating agents ; bendamustine ; chemotherapy ; phase I study ; solid tumours ; weekly chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background:The cytotoxic agent bendamustine combines apurine-like benzimidazol and alkylating nitrogen mustard group. The clinicallytolerated dose for single bolus bendamustine is 215 mg/m2, forfractionated therapy on four consecutive days 85 mg/m2. The maximumtolerated dose of a day 1 and 8 (q4w) 30 min infusion schedule was recentlyfound to be 160 mg/m2, mouth dryness and fatigue weredose-limiting. Our current phase I trial was designed to define therecommended dose of a new weekly short infusion schedule. Patients and methods:Patients with refractory malignant tumoursqualified for the trial after written informed consent was obtained.Bendamustine was given as a 30-min i.v. infusion weekly for up to eightconsecutive weeks. Results:Twelve patients (8 male, 4 female, median age 57.5 years,range 42–64) were enrolled in this trial. At the starting dose of 80mg/m2, two patients had dose-limiting toxicity (fatigue grade 3,mouth dryness grade 3, fever grade 4 Common Toxicity Criteria). Nodose-limiting events were observed in six patients treated at 60mg/m2. An intermediate dose level of 70 mg/m2 wasstudied in three younger, less heavily pre-treated patients, was welltolerated and not associated with dose-limiting events. Haematologicaltoxicity was mild except for grade 3–4 lymphocytopenia, occurring in 11of 12 patients. Bendamustine was found to induce long-lastingpanlymphocytopenia with predominant B-cell cytotoxicity. Conclusions:The maximum tolerated dose of weekly bendamustinegiven as a 30-min i.v. infusion is 80 mg/m2, mouth dryness, fatigueand fever are dose-limiting. The recommended dose for phase II trials is 60mg/m2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: anthracycline ; chemotherapy ; liposomal daunorubicin ; lymphoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background:Standard therapy for lymphoma consists of acyclophosphamide (C), doxorubicin, vincristine (V), and prednisone (P) (CHOP)combination regimen. Liposomal daunorubicin (DaunoXome®) is an alternativeto doxorubicin for patients with lymphoma because of its more favorable safetyprofile and potentially more selective uptake in lymphoma. The objectives ofthis study were to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of liposomaldaunorubucin with CVP (COP-X) and the tolerability of the regimen in patientswith indolent lymphoma. Patients and methods:Patients with low-grade andintermediate-grade lymphoma having adequate cardiac, hepatic, and renalfunction were enrolled. Patients received C 750 mg/m2, V 1.4mg/m2 (maximum 2.0 mg), and liposomal daunorubicin 50–100mg/m2 i.v. on day 1 and P 100 mg p.o. on days 1–5. MTD wasthe liposomal daunorubicin dose associated with 20% dose-limitingtoxicity (ANC 〈500/mm3 for 〉5 days or febrile neutropenia). Results:Twenty patients, median age 59 years, were treated. Theliposomal daunorubicin MTD combined with CVP was 70–80 mg/m2,depending on patient population. No significant non-hematologic toxicityoccurred. Response rate was 44% (2 complete and 5 partial responses). Conclusions:A liposomal daunorubicin dose of 80 mg/m2in the COP-X regimen was well tolerated with little non-hematologic toxicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: adjuvant ; chemotherapy ; gastric cancer ; meta-analysis ; randomised clinical trial
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background:Several studies have investigated the possible roleof the adjuvant chemotherapy after curative resection for gastric cancerfailing to show a clear indication; previous meta-analyses suggested smallsurvival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy, but the statistical methods usedwere open to criticisms. Materials and methods:Randomised trials were identified by meansof Medline and CancerLit and by selecting references from relevant articles.Systematic review of all randomised clinical trials of adjuvant chemotherapyfor gastric cancer compared with surgery alone, published before January 2000,were considered. Pooling of data was performed using the fixed effect model.Death for any cause was the study endpoint. The hazard ratio and its95% confidence intervals (95% CI), derived according to themethod of Parmar, were the statistics chosen for summarising the relativebenefit of chemotherapyversuscontrol. Results:Overall 20 articles (21 comparisons) were considered foranalysis. Three studies used single agent chemotherapy, seven combination of5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with anthracyclin, ten combination of 5-FU withoutanthracyclines. Information on 3658 patients, 2180 deaths, was collected. Chemotherapy reduced the risk of death by 18% (hazard ratio 0.82,95% CI: 0.75–0.89, P 〈 0.001). Association ofAnthracyclines to 5-FU did not show a statistically significant improvementwhen compared with the effect of the other regimens. Conclusions:Chemotherapy produces a small survival benefit inpatients with curatively resected gastric cancer. However, taking into accountthe limitations of literature based meta-analyses, adjuvant chemotherapy isstill to be considered as an investigational approach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; chromosome aberrations ; malignant germ-cell tumours
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Ethik in der Medizin 12 (2000), S. 139-153 
    ISSN: 1437-1618
    Keywords: Key words: Motion pictures ; Medical ethics ; Physician-patient relationship ; Truth disclosure ; Informed consent ; Third-party consent ; Quality of life ; Euthanasia ; Terminally ill ; Schlüsselwörter: Film ; Medizinethik ; Arzt-Patient Beziehung ; Aufklärung ; Wahrheit sagen ; informed consent ; Lebensqualität ; Sterbehilfe ; Heilversuche
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Philosophy
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Filme erzählen Geschichten. Spannungsvoll sind dabei vor allem jene Szenen, in denen Menschen vor Entscheidungskonflikte gestellt werden. Medizinethische Konflikte tauchen dabei nicht nur in Arztserien oder Krankheitsdarstellungen auf, sondern häufig in Genres, in denen diese Thematik kaum vermutet wird: Komödien, Western, Liebesfilmen, Gangster- und Kriminalfilmen. Indem Filme derartige Konflikte inszenieren und Lösungen bieten, greifen sie auf moralische Werthaltungen zurück und sind zugleich Seismographen für die gesellschaftliche Relevanz medizinethischer Themenfelder. Allerdings können im Film ethische Prinzipien der Entscheidungsfindung der Dramaturgie der Handlung zum Opfer fallen. Eine Analyse der dargestellten Konfliktsituationen ähnelt einer medizinethischen Fallbesprechung und stellt eine hilfreiche Ergänzung für die Vermittlung analytischer und kommunikativer Kompetenzen dar.
    Notes: Abstract. Movies tell stories. Thrilling are especially those situations, when people have to make ethical decisions. Issues of medical ethics crop up not only in hospital series, but often in genres where this subject is hardly to be supposed: comedies, westerns, love stories and gangster movies. Enacting these conflicts means offering a solution, and in doing so films refer to moral values and – at the same time – function as seismographs for the social relevance of bioethical topics. But it is possible that ethical principles of good decision-making fall victims to the drama of the story. Analysis of the portrayed conflict is similar to a case discussion in bioethics and represents a helpful adjunct to the procurement of analytical and communicative competences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurosurgical review 23 (2000), S. 98-103 
    ISSN: 1437-2320
    Keywords: Key words Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Lateral ventricle ; Subependymoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Four subependymomas of the lateral ventricle were reviewed with regard to clinical presentation, neuroimaging features, treatment, histopathological features, and long-term follow-up. There were two male and two female patients ranging in age from 27 to 60 years (mean 48.3 years). While two patients presented with symptoms and signs of raised intracranial pressure, two others were found incidentally during neuroimaging investigations to have intraventricular tumors. Neuroimaging characteristics of these tumors included no paraventricular extension, iso- or hypodensity with minimal enhancement on computerized tomography (CT), or iso- or hypointensity on T1-weighted and hyperintensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRI). The usual finding on MRI was of no or scarce contrast enhancement, but one case showed heterogeneous enhancement. Three patients underwent total resection of the tumor and one underwent partial resection. No patients received postoperative radiation therapy. All patients have been doing well 4.8 to 15.4 years (mean 8.8 years), after surgery. Although there are no absolutely specific features to distinguish these tumors from other intraventricular tumors preoperatively, subependymoma should be kept in mind for differential diagnosis, as this tumor may safely be removed without sacrificing contiguous normal tissue and with good long-term results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; drug interaction ; in vitroassay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Chemotherapy using multi-drug regimens is consideredmore active than single-agent therapy. This may be due to synergisticinteractions or, simply, a higher probability of administering an activeagent. We investigated in vitrothe type of drug interactions in arecognized regimen in relationship to tumour type and drug sensitivity. Patients and methods: The possibility of synergistic and additiveinteractions between individual cytotoxic drugs was investigated for thecomponent drugs of the established FEC regimen, i.e., 5-fluorouracil,epirubicin and cyclophosphamide, in 243 patient tumour samples representingvarious drug sensitivity using the non-clonogenic fluorometric microculturecytotoxicity assay. Results: Using a cell survival of ≤50% as a limit fordrug activity and sample sensitivity, the overall response rates to the mostactive single drug (Dmax) and the combination were 56% and64%, respectively, with a distribution among diagnoses similar to thatin the clinic. For 86% of the samples there was concordance withrespect to judgement of activity using either Dmax or thecombination. For samples being sensitive to at least one single drug,95% were also sensitive to the combination whereas for samples withinsignificant Dmax effect, only 2% were sensitive to thecombination. In samples with modest Dmax effects, i.e., cellsurvival in the range 〉50%–≤80%, 45%responded to the combination. The effect of the combination was generally wellpredicted from the Dmax effect. Conclusions:The superior antitumour effect of drug combinationscompared with single drugs may be due to the higher chance of selecting anactive agent. However, for intermediately sensitive tumours, additionalinteraction effects of a combination may be of clinical significance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; ovarian cancer ; second-line
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background:Gemcitabine is active in patients with otherwiseresistant or refractory ovarian cancer. As the drug is well tolerated, studiesusing gemcitabine combined with other antineoplastic agents are needed. Theaim of the study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) ofepirubicin combined with gemcitabine, with and without support of G-CSF. Patients and methods:Patients with platinum-resistant orrefractory ovarian cancer were eligible. Gemcitabine (G) (starting dose 800mg/m2 day 1 and 8; 200 mg/m2 escalation per level) andepirubicin (E) (starting dose 60 mg/m2 day 1; 15 mg/m2escalation per level) were given every 21 days for four to six cycles. G-CSF(filgrastim 5 µg/kg/die) was given in case of grade 4 neutropenia(levels without support) or from day 9 up to leukocyte count〉10,000/mm3 after nadir (levels with support). Cohorts of threepatients were enrolled at each level, and another three patients were planned,if one dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was registered. MTD was determined firstwithout and then with G-CSF. Results:Four levels were studied (G 800 + E 60; G 1000 + E 60;G 1000 + E 75; G 1000 + E 75 + G-CSF) with four, four, three and threepatients enrolled, respectively. DLT (grade 4 febrile neutropenia) wasobserved in two patients at level 3. Thus, G1000 + E 60 mg/m2 wasthe MTD without G-CSF. The addition of prophylactic G-CSF did not allow afurther increase of the dose and grade 4 thrombocytopenia was the DLT at level4. Non-hematological toxicity was mild. Grade 2 mucositis was reported in fourpatients. Among the 13 patients with measurable or evaluable disease, 3partial responses were observed for an overall response rate of 23.1%. Conclusions:The combination of gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2(day 1, 8) and epirubicin at 60 mg/m2 (day 1) is a feasibletherapy. Grade 4 neutropenia is frequent and G-CSF support is often required.With prophylactic support of G-CSF, the DLT is thrombocytopenia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: brain tumor ; chemotherapy ; encephalopathy ; late neurological toxicity ; leucoencephalopathy ; primary cerebral lymphoma ; radiochemotherapy ; systematic follow-up
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background:Primary cerebral non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) inimmunocompetent patients (PCL) are located exclusively in the central nervoussystem, the eye, or meninges. Clinical management of these patients remainscontroversial. Patients and methods:Clinical characteristics of the patients andparameters influencing their outcome as of December 1998 were investigated andregistered in a database of 226 patients treated in the French Federation ofCancer Centers between 1980 and 1995. Results:Most PCL are diffuse large-cell NHL with a B phenotype.The incidence of PCL has been steadily increasing over the past 20 years insome but not all countries. The overall survival of primary cerebral lymphoma(PCL) patients in the published series, a median of 12–16 months and afive-year survival of 5%–20%, is poor. Several series havenow reported long-term survivals of more than 10 years and PCL may thereforebe a curable tumor in some patients. The optimal treatment of PCL is notknown. Complete resection of the tumor does not improve outcome andmultidisciplinary approaches combining chemotherapy and radiotherapy are nowcommonly used, although the superiority of combination over radiotherapy- orchemotherapy-alone has never been demonstrated in a phase III trial. Theoptimal chemotherapy regimen, the dose and even the usefulness of brainradiotherapy after chemotherapy are therefore still matters of debate.Recently, several authors have reported a relatively high incidence of lateneurological sequelae after PCL treatment. Conclusions:The optimal treatment of PCL patients remains to bedefined. Large cooperative international phase III trials are now required todefine and improve the optimal treatment of PCL and reduce its sequelae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 11 (2000), S. 81-85 
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: ABVD ; BEACOPP ; chemotherapy ; clinical trials ; COPP ; dose intensification ; Hodgkin's disease ; radiotherapy ; risk factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background:Treatment strategies in Hodgkin's disease (HD) arechanging fundamentally over the last decades. Both radiotherapy andcombination chemotherapy are effective treatment modalities. However, theoptimal choice of treatment or combinations of treatment is still debated fordifferent prognostic groups. Patients and methods:The German Hodgkin's Lymphoma Study Group(GHSG) initiated randomized clinical trials since 1978. Over the past 20years, more than 6000 patients with HD in all stages were randomized, treatedand followed by the GHSG. Patients are now being recruited from more than 300clinical centers. Results:As a consequence of different clinical trials, it is nowthe policy of the GHSG to tailor treatment to the individual risk of patients,giving favorable patients less intensive and less toxic therapy thanunfavorable patients. The treatment for early and intermediate stage HDbecomes quite similar with few cycles of polychemotherapy followed by involvedfield irradiation. In advanced stage HD, the introduction of dose intensifiedchemotherapy (BEACOPP), has improved treatment results and thus willsubstitute the MOPP or ABVD regimens. Conclusions:Although most of the patients with HD will be curedby modern treatment stategies, several questions are still subjects of ongoingclinical trials: 1) which chemotherapy regimen in which quantity will be thebest with respect to efficacy and toxicity and 2) which dose and field sizeof radiotherapy is adequate within the combined modality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: antifolate ; chemotherapy ; pancreatic cancer ; thymidylate synthase inhibitor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose:To determine the safety and activity of LY231514(ALIMTA™, MTA, pemetrexed disodium, Eli Lilly and Co.,Indianapolis, IN) in chemotherapy-naïve patients with advanced pancreaticcancer. Patients and methods:Patients with unresectable or metastaticpancreatic cancer received LY231514 600 mg/m2 as a 10–minuteinfusion every three weeks. Results:Forty-two patients were enrolled in this phase II trial.The median age was 60.3 (range 37–77) years; 79% had metastaticdisease. Neutropenia was common (40% of patients ≥ grade 3) butinfectious complications were rare. Significant anemia or thrombocytopeniaoccurred in 〈20% of patients. Non-hematologic toxicities includedgrade 2 or 3 skin reaction which was ameliorated by dexamethasone. Elevationsof bilirubin or transaminases were infrequent (〈25% of patients) anddid not require dose reductions or treatment delays. Thirty-five patientsreceived two cycles of therapy and were evaluable for response. One complete(duration 16.2 months) and one partial (duration 6.9 months) were observedresulting in an objective response rate of 5.7% for evaluable patients.In addition, 17 patients (40%) had stable disease that lasted ≥6months in 5 patients. The median survival was 6.5 months, with 28% ofpatients alive at one year. Conclusions:LY231514 is a well-tolerated agent with minimalobjective antitumor activity in pancreatic cancer. The median and one yearsurvival times, which may be important indicators in phase II trials of newagents, are of interest. Combination trials of LY231514 in pancreatic cancerare planned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; 5-FU ; folinic acid ; gemcitabine ; Gemzar® ; pancreas cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background:Gemcitabine (Gemzar®) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)plus folinic acid (FA) both have proven activity in the treatment of patientswith advanced pancreatic cancer. The present study was initiated toinvestigate the efficacy of gemcitabine in combination with 5-FU–FA. Patients and methods:Thirty-eight patients, median age 60 years(range 34–70) with inoperable, stage IV, pancreatic cancer were enrolledinto the study and treated on an outpatient basis. All except one patientreceived at least one cycle of treatment with gemcitabine (1000mg/m2), followed by FA (200 mg/m2) and 5-FU (750mg/m2) administered as a 24-hour continuous infusion on days 1, 8,15 and 22 of a 42-day schedule. No patient had received prior chemotherapy orradiotherapy. All 38 patients were assessed for efficacy, toxicity and timeto progressive disease. Results:Two patients (5%), achieved a partial response andthirty-four patients (89%) achieved stable disease. There were twoearly deaths (≤4 weeks). The median time to progression was 7.1 months(range 0.4–18.1+; 95% confidence interval (95% CI):5.3–7.9 months). Three patients had a progression-free interval ofgreater than 12 months and 12 of 38 patients (32%) survived longer than12 months. The median overall survival was 9.3 months (range 0.5–26.5;95% CI: 7.3–13.0 months). The incidence of grade 3 and 4toxicities was low. Conclusions:The combination of gemcitabine and 5-FU–FA isactive and well tolerated and seems to offer an improvement inprogression-free interval over both gemcitabine monotherapy and 5-FU–FAtherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: 5-fluorouracil ; arterial access device ; chemotherapy ; colorectal cancer ; hepatic arterial chemotherapy ; liver metastases ; port-a-cath
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background:Hepatic arterial chemotherapy for liver metastases ofcolorectal cancer is still under discussion. Mainly because of the technicalcomplications of this mode of treatment and the lack of a survival benefit inrandomized studies. We performed an analysis of hepatic arterial5-fluorouracil (5-FU) chemotherapy in 145 consecutive patients treated at asingle institution. Patients and methods:One hundred forty-five patients withinoperable liver metastases from colorectal cancer were included. 5-FU, 1000mg/m2/day continuous infusion for five days every three weeks, wasdelivered in the hepatic artery by percutaneous catheter or arterial accessdevice. Results:The response rate was 34% for all patients,40% in patients with extrahepatic disease, and 15% in patientswith i.v. 5-FU-based pretreatment. TTP and OS for all patients were 7.5 and14.3 months, respectively. In patients with extrahepatic disease or i.v.5-FU-based pretreatment, OS was significantly shorter compared to patientswithout extrahepatic disease or 5-FU-based pretreatment (9.7 vs. 19.3 monthsand 10.1 vs. 17.4 months, respectively). forty-seven percent of patientsstopped treatment because of a complication. Complications most often seen inpatients with arterial ports were hepatic artery thrombosis (48%) anddislocation of the catheter (22%). Conclusions:The results of our analysis are in line with previousphase III studies. Extrahepatic disease and i.v. 5-FU-based pretreatment wereprognostic for reduced OS. The complication rate of hepatic arterial deliverywas worrisome, although, no negative impact on survival could be established.There is a strong need for improvement of hepatic arterial delivery methodsbefore further evaluation of hepatic arterial 5-FU will be worthwhile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: autologous stem-cell transplantation ; chemotherapy ; follicular lymphoma ; progression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background:Among the 566 patients with follicular lymphomas (FL)included in the GELF 86 prospective trials from October 1986 to September1995, 372 with progressive/relapsing disease were analyzed retrospectively toidentify prognostic factors at first relapse. Patients and methods:For progressive FL, patients received mono-(22%) or polychemotherapy (78%) followed by high-dose therapy(HDT) with ASCT for 83 patients (22%). The median time toprogression from initial treatment was 23 months (range 3–102 months)and 24% of documented patients (52 of 217) had histologicaltransformation (HT). Salvage therapy produced an overall response in64% of patients and the five-year survival from progression was42%. Results:For patients who underwent HDT with ASCT compared tostandard treatment, five-year freedom from second failure was at 42%vs. 16% (P = 0.0001) and five-year survival was58% vs. 38% (P = 0.0005), respectively. Thebenefit of HDT and ASCT remained if we consider only patients less than 65years (five-year survival at 60% vs. 40%; P =0.001). Multivariate analysis of parameters significant according tounivariate analysis found that no ASCT at first progression, age at relapse〉50 years, progression on-therapy were adversely significant onsurvival. Conclusions:HDT with ASCT compared to standard treatmentprolonged remission and survival after first progression of FL patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: 5-fluorouracil ; chemotherapy ; colorectal cancer ; cost/effectiveness analysis ; irinotecan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background:It has been shown that irinotecan is superior toinfusional 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in patients with advanced colorectal cancerafter 5-FU failure. In a recent trial, median survival was 10.8 months forpatients treated with irinotecan, compared to 8.5 months in patients receivinginfusional 5-FU. Considering the statistically significant but clinicallyrelatively small advantage of irinotecan over 5-FU, cost effectiveness shouldalso be part of treatment decision. Purpose:To relate the costs of each management approach tooverall survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Patients and methods:The healthcare costs and medical benefits(treatment-added survival) of second-line chemotherapy in patients (infusional5-FU: 129, irinotecan: 127) were compared. Data on overall survival were drawnfrom a multicenter randomised trial that compared infusional 5-FU (continuousinfusion, AIO, or LV5-FU2 regimens) to irinotecan alone. Costs were derivedfrom the accounting system in two university hospitals in Paris, France. Results:The range in total healthcare costs was 14,135 to 12,192US$ patient between management approaches, with irinotecan chemotherapycosting most and 5-FU-continuous infusion least. If survival was included asa treatment benefit, the cost-effectiveness ratio of irinotecan over 5-FUranged from 9,344 to 10,137 US$ per year of added survival. Conclusions:The least expensive management for metastaticcolorectal was 5-FU infusion but the additional cost of irinotecan wasbalanced by the added months of survival, with a cost-effectiveness ratioclose to that of other cancer treatments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; esophageal cancer ; gemcitabine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background:There were approximately 12,500 cases of esophageal carcinoma diagnosed in the US in 1992 and 12,200 deaths. The impact of chemotherapy on patients with metastatic disease is marginal with a median survival of only five months. Gemcitabine (LY188011,2,2,–difluorodeoxycytidine: dFdC), an analog of cytosine arabinoside (ara-C), is a pyrimidine antimetabolite. Gemcitabine has shown interesting clinical activity in initial phase II clinical trials in a variety of malignancies, including the aerodigestive malignancies, squamous-cell carcinoma of the head/neck and both non-small-cell and small-cell lung cancer. Patients and methods:A total of 21 patients with chemotherapy-naïve metastatic esophageal carcinoma were entered. Nineteen patients were evaluable for toxicity and seventeen patients were evaluable for response. Gemcitabine was administered intravenously at 1250 mg/m2 over 30–60 minutes on days 1, 8, and 15 followed by 1 week of rest. This four-week schedule defined a cycle of treatment. Patients may have received a maximum of six cycles. Results:Gemcitabine was well tolerated with minimal non-hematologic toxicity and grade 3–4 anemia, granulocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia occurring in 10.5%, 21%, and 0% of patients, respectively. No responses were seen in the seventeen evaluable patients. Conclusions:At the dose and schedule studied it would appear that gemcitabine has no activity in patients with chemotherapy-naïve esophageal carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 15 (2000), S. 9-20 
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Keywords: Keywords Rectal cancer staging ; Computed tomography ; Endorectal sonography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Systematic review
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  With the widespread introduction of preoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer and the development of transanal endoscopic microsurgery for selected early lesions, preoperative radiological staging of these tumours has taken on increasing importance. This study is a systematic review to evaluate computed tomography (CT), endorectal sonography (ES) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as preoperative staging modalities in rectal cancer. A Medline-based search identifying studies using CT, ES, or MRI in preoperative staging of rectal cancer between 1980 and 1998 was undertaken. The list of papers was supplemented by extensive cross-checking of citation lists. Studies were included if they met predetermined criteria. Data from the accepted studies were entered into pooled tables comparing radiological and pathological staging results for each modality both in determining bowel wall penetration and involvement of lymph nodes. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio were determined for the pooled results. Eighty-three studies from 78 papers including 4897 patients met the inclusion criteria. In determining the wall penetration of the tumour the values for sensitivity for CT, ES, MRI and MRI with endorectal coil were 78%, 93%, 86% and 89%; for specificity 63%, 78%, 77% and 79%; and for accuracy 73%, 87%, 82% and 84%, respectively. In determining the nodal involvement by tumour the sensitivity values for CT, ES, MRI and MRI with endorectal coil 52%, 71%, 65% and 82%; for specificity 78%, 76%, 80% and 83%; and for accuracy 66%, 74%, 74% and 82%, respectively. MRI with an endorectal coil is the single investigation that most accurately predicts pathological stage in rectal cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Key words erbB-3 ; Colorectal carcinoma ; Survival ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background/aims: The family of erbB receptors includes four transmembrane glycoproteins with tyrosine kinase activity. These receptors are widely expressed in normal tissues, but they also have been implicated in the development of several human adenocarcinomas. c-erbB-3/HER-3 has been detected to a greater or lesser extent in many tissues from the digestive, urinary, reproductive and respiratory tracts. The overexpression of c-erbB-3/HER-3 protein has also been shown in 53%–88% of colorectal adenocarcinomas. In this study we investigated the expression of the c-erbB-3/HER-3 gene product in colorectal tumour samples, and compared the results obtained with several clinicopathological parameters, including the survival of patients. Methods: Paraffin-embedded tissue sections were analysed immunohistochemically, using monoclonal antibody RTJ1 to human erbB-3 protein. Antibody RTJ1 specificity was confirmed by immunoprecipitation followed by Western blotting analysis. Amplification of the erbB-3 oncogene was tested by dot-blot hybridization. Results: Adenocarcinomas of the colon were positive for erbB-3 protein in 78% of samples examined. Dot-blot analysis showed no amplification of the erbB-3 gene in colon adenocarcinomas. Statistical analysis showed that patients with tumours that could not be stained for erbB-3 protein survived significantly longer (P 〈 0.05) than patients with tumours staining positive for the erbB-3 protein. A Cox proportional-hazards model with stepwise variable selection identified age, sex and erbB-3 expression as important prognostic factors. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that erbB-3 protein expression could serve as a prognostic factor in colorectal malignancies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 126 (2000), S. 48-52 
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Key words Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ; p53 protein ; WAF1 protein ; Lung cancer ; Prognosis ; AbbreviationsNSCLC non-small-cell lung cancer ; RR relative risk
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose: p21WAF1, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, is an important mediator of the cell-cycle arrest and tumor suppression induced by the protein p53. Although alterations of the p53 gene and its overexpression are frequent in most malignancies, including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and may be associated with poor patient prognosis, the clinical utility of p21WAF1 expression in NSCLC has not been established. Methods: We have used a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for p21WAF1 to test soluble extracts of 54 NSCLC specimens with known clinicopathological properties. Results: There was no correlation between p21WAF1 and p53 concentrations, the latter being determined by a time-resolved immunofluorometric assay developed in-house. Furthermore, p21WAF1 levels were not associated with patient age, tumor/node/metastasis (TNM) stage, lymph node metastasis, histological grade or type, or smoking history, in Mann-Whitney analysis. χ2-tests, based on cutoffs equal to the 25th, 50th, or 75th percentiles of the p21WAF1 distribution, similarly did not reveal any statistically significant associations between p21WAF1 and other clinicopathological variables. Because of the small number of patients and the median follow-up of only 18 months, a meaningful survival analysis could not be performed. Conclusion: In summary, this preliminary study suggests that ELISA-quantified p21WAF1 levels in NSCLC extracts are weaker than p53 in terms of prognostic value and do not contribute to the further subclassification of patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Ophthalmologe 97 (2000), S. 121-125 
    ISSN: 1433-0423
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Postoperative Endophthalmitis ; Prognose ; Visus ; Bakterien-Kultur ; Verlaufsform ; Key words Postoperative endophthalmitis ; Prognosis ; Visual acuity ; Microbiology culture ; Onset of endophthalmitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Background: The outcome of 20 patients is summarized in a retrospective study to identify clinical findings that influence the long-term prognosis of postoperative endophthalmitis. Patients: Between 1991 and 1997 a total of 20 patients with postoperative endophthalmitis were admitted. Median age was 80 years (range: 9–95), 11 patients were male, 9 female. Sixteen pars-plana vitrectomies, 2 anterior vitrectomies and 2 rinsings of the anterior chamber without vitrectomy were performed. Furthermore, all patients received intraocular and systemic antibiotic treatment. For microbiological investigation, specimens from vitreous, anterior chamber and conjunctiva were sent in. Long-term outcome was controlled for an average of 14 months after treatment of the endophthalmitis (range: 4–36 months). Results: At the end of treatment, 40% of patients had a visual acuity of 0.4 or better, 80% had 1/20 or better. Patients with a preoperative visual acuity of at least hand movement had a better postoperative visual outcome than patients with only light perception. Visual acuity was better in patients with chronic endophthalmitis than in patients with acute or subacute endophthalmitis. In patients with chronic or subacute endophthalmitis, improvement of visual acuity was found some months after the operation more often than in patients with acute endophthalmitis. However, in 40% of cases with an acute onset, no improvement or even worsening of the visual acuity was documented. Best postoperative results were found after infection with Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. Conclusion: Important prognostic factors of postoperative endophthalmitis are visual acuity, the onset of the endophthalmitis (acute, subacute or chronic) and the microbiological findings. At the time of surgery and antibiotic treatment, visual acuity should be at least hand motion to expect an improvement in the visual outcome.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Im Rahmen einer retrospektiven Studie sollte das Patientengut mit postoperativer Endophthalmitis bezüglich prognostischer Gesichtspunkte ausgewertet werden. Patienten und Methode: 20 Patienten (9 weiblich, 11 männlich), im Alter von 9–95 Jahren (Median 80 Jahre) mit postoperativer Endophthalmitis wurden im Zeitraum von 1991 bis 1997 in unserer Klinik behandelt. 16mal wurde eine Pars-plana-Vitrektomie (PpV) durchgeführt, weiterhin 2 vordere Vitrektomien und 2 Vorderkammerspülungen ohne Vitrektomie. Alle Patienten erhielten intraokular und systemisch Antibiotika. Der postoperative Beobachtungszeitraum betrug 4 bis 36 Monate (im Durchschnitt 14,0). Die mikrobiologische Untersuchung umfaßte Kulturen von Glaskörper, Vorderkammer und Bindehaut. Ergebnisse: Bei 80% der Patienten war der letzte Visus 1/20 und besser, bei 40% mindestens 0,4. Bei einem präoperativen Visus von mindestens Handbewegung (HB) war der postoperative Visus besser als bei einem schlechteren Ausgangsvisus (Lichtschein). Die chronischen Endophthalmitiden hatten ein besseres Visusergebnis als die akuten und subakuten Endophthalmitiden. Bei den chronischen und subakuten Verläufen war häufiger als bei den akuten Verläufen noch ein Visusanstieg in den ersten Monaten nach der Operation möglich. Bei 40% der akuten Verläufe stagnierte der Visusanstieg, oder der Visus wurde schlechter. Der postoperative Visus war bei Staphylococcus epidermidis- und Propionibacterium acnes-Infektionen am besten. Schlußfolgerung: Prognostische Faktoren der postoperativen Endophthalmitis sind der Visus, das Kulturergebnis und die Verlaufsform (akut, subakut, chronisch). Zum Zeitpunkt der Operation und der intravitrealen Antibiotikagabe sollte der Visus nicht schlechter als Handbewegungen sein, um postoperativ einen besseren Visus zu erreichen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Plattenepithelkarzinom ; Kopf-Hals-Bereich ; CGH ; Prognose ; Cox-Regression ; Key words Squamous cell carcinoma ; Head and neck region ; CGH ; Prognosis ; Cox regression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract In individual patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), established prognostic factors do not satisfactorily predict clinical outcome. For the first time we investigated a total of 100 HNSCC by Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) to define chromosomal alterations that are associated with the patients prognosis. Patients were followed for at latest 4 but at least 2 years after surgery or until death. During this observation period twenty-nine of them died because of cancer disease. The Kaplan-Meier method was used plotting survival curves for every single chromosomal alteration as well as every clinico-pathological parameter. The curves were tested for significance by the log rank as well as the Breslow test. Significance of particular prognostic parameters was then evaluated by the Cox regression model. The overall survival time as well as the recurrence free survival time were significantly lower in patients who's tumors showed amplifications of the chromosomal region 11q13 (p=0.0008 for LR and p=0.0024 for B). The survival time of the patients was also lower if the carcinomas carried overrepresentations of chromosome 3q (p=0.0299 for LR and p=0.0546 for B). Multivariate analysis (Cox's proportional hazards model) revealed both alterations as most important independent prognostic factors in HNSCC. None of the conventional clinico-pathological parameters (pT-, pN-status, UICC stage, grading) achieved statistical significance in the multivariate model. These results suggest that in HNSCC the occurence of 11q13 amplification and 3q overrepresentation are highly significant independent prognostic markers and of better value than the established TNM and grading criteria.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Prognose von Patienten mit Kopf-Hals-Karzinomen lässt sich anhand der etablierten Stagingparameter oft nur sehr ungenügend einschätzen. Auf der Suche nach neuen Markern, die den Tumorphänotyp genauer charakterisieren, wurden in der vorliegenden Studie 100 primäre Plattenepithelkarzinome des Kopf-Hals-Bereichs mit Hilfe der Comparativen Genomischen Hybridisierung (CGH) molekularzytogenetisch untersucht. Die detektierten genetischen Veränderungen (Deletionen oder DNA-Überrepräsentierungen bzw. Amplifikationen) wurden für jeden Chromosomarm aufgeschlüsselt und statistisch zusammen mit den klinisch-pathologischen Daten uni- und multivariat hinsichtlich ihrer prognostischen Aussagefähigkeit überprüft. Alle Patienten dieser Studie wurden primär operiert und in Abhängigkeit vom Tumorstadium adjuvant nachbestrahlt. In dem längstens 4-jährigen Beobachtungszeitraum waren von den 100 Patienten 29 am Tumorleiden verstorben. Die kumulierten Überlebensraten nach der Kaplan-Meier-Methode zeigten, dass sowohl die rezidiv- und metastasenfreie als auch die Gesamtüberlebenszeit signifikant kürzer ist bei Patienten, deren Tumoren eine Amplifikation der chromosomalen Region 11q13 und/oder eine DNA-Überrepräsentierung des Chromsomarms 3q aufweisen (p=0,0008 bzw. p=0,0299 im Log-Rank-Test und p=0,0024 bzw. p=0,0546 im Breslow-Test). Die Cox-Regression wurde für das rezidiv- und metastasenfreie Überleben und für das Gesamtüberleben jeweils mit den klinisch-pathologischen Parametern pT-, pN-Status, UICC-Stadium, Grading und den genetischen Markern 11q13-Amplifikation sowie 3q-Überrepräsentierung durchgeführt. Die Analyse ergab die genetischen Veränderungen im Bereich von 11q13 und 3q als die wichtigsten Marker für die Einschätzung des Überlebens, während die klinisch-pathologische Tumorklassifikation ohne prognostischen Einfluss war (bei Signifikanzniveau p〈0,05). Das Ergebnis unserer Studie eröffnet die Möglichkeit eines “genetischen Tumorgradings”, das als Zusatzinformation einer verbesserten Prognoseeinschätzung bei Kopf-Hals-Karzinomen dient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Keywords: Inguinal hernia ; Plug-and-patch repair ; Results ; Quality of life ; Geriatric ; Elderly. ; Schlüsselwörter: Leistenhernie ; Plug-und-Patch-Reparation ; Ergebnisse ; Lebensqualität ; geriatrisch ; älter.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Im Rahmen einer prospektiven Beobachtungsstudie wurden die perioperativen Ergebnisse der Plug-und-Patch-Reparation bei Patienten ≥ 65 Jahre untersucht und zusätzlich bei 34 konsekutiven Patienten die Lebensqualität vor und 3 Monate postoperativ standardisisiert mit Hilfe der Short Form (SF) 36 – einem validierten Lebensqualitätsbogen – erhoben. Von August 1994 bis Februar 1999 wurden 147 Patienten mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 73 ± 5 Jahren (65–92 Jahre) in der Plug-und-Patch-Technik zumeist in Lokalanaesthesie (LA: n = 124; 84 %, ITN: n = 23; 16 %) operiert. Die präoperativen Risikofaktoren waren vor allem Alkoholkonsum, Hypertonus, Diabetes mellitus, coronare Herzerkrankung, Nikotinkonsum, cerebrale Erkrankungen, Hyperlipidämie und pulmonale Erkrankungen. Nach anaesthesiologischer Einschätzung bestand in der Mehrzahl ein Stadium ASA II (ASA I: n = 14; 9 %, ASA II: n = 82; 56 %, ASA III: n = 51; 35 %). Die durchschnittliche Operationszeit betrug 41 ± 17 Min. (26–73). Intraoperative Komplikationen traten nicht auf, postoperative Komplikationen bestanden vor allem in oberflächlichen Wundhämatomen (n = 6; 3,7 %), und -infektionen (n = 1; 0,6 %), Seromen (n = 7; 3,8 %), Harnverhalt (n = 3; 1,8 %) sowie ilioinguinalem Schmerzsyndrom (n = 3; 1,8 %). Der postoperative Schmerzmittelbedarf betrug 4,9 ± 1,8 g Novalgin®über durchschnittlich 4 ± 3 Tage. Die Dauer des postoperativen Klinikaufenthaltes lag bei 2 ± 1 Tagen, die Einschränkung alltäglicher Verrichtungen bei 6 ± 3 Tagen. Bei der klinischen Nachuntersuchung ergab sich in allen Fällen ein regelrechter Befund ohne Hinweis auf ein Rezidiv oder Spätkomplikationen. Bei der Lebensqualität zeigte sich 3 Monate postoperativ eine signifikante Verbesserung (p 〈 0,05) in den Dimensionen: physische Funktion, Schmerz, Vitalität und soziale Funktion im Vergleich zu den präoperativen Werten. Tendentiell günstiger aber nicht signifikant waren postoperativ die Dimensionen Rolleneinschränkung sowie psychische und globale Gesundheit.
    Notes: Abstract. In a prospective study the perioperative results of plug-and-patch repair were investigated in patients ≥ 65 years, and quality of life was assessed using the SF36 preoperatively and 3 months after the procedure in 34 consecutive patients. From August 1994 to February 1999 147 patients with a mean age of 73 ± 5 years (65–92 years) were operated on using the plug-and-patch technique, mostly under local anesthesia (LA: n = 124, 84 %, ITN: n = 23, 16 %). Preoperative risk factors were alcohol consumption, hypertonus, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, smoking, cerebrovascular disease, hyperlipidaemia and pulmonary disease. Most of the patients were ASA II (ASA I: n = 14, 9 %, ASA II: n = 82, 56 %, ASA III: n = 51, 35 %). No intraoperative complications occurred, postoperative complications consisted of superficial wound hematoma (n = 6, 3.7 %) and infection (n = 1, 0.6 %), seroma (n = 7, 3.8 %), urinary retention (n = 3, 1.8 %) and ilioguinal pain syndrome (n = 3, 3.8 %). The total amount of postoperative analgesic consumption was 4.9 ± 1.8 g Novalgin for about 4 ± 3 days. The duration of postoperative hospitalization was 2 ± 1 days and limitation of daily activities 6 ± 3 days. Clinical examinations after 3 months revealed no recurrence or late complications. Investigation of quality of life showed a significant improvement in the SF36 domains of physical activity, pain, vitality, and social functioning after the operation. No significant change was observed for physical, emotional, and global health.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 71 (2000), S. 1132-1137 
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter: Polytrauma ; Lebensqualität ; demographische Prädikatoren ; therapieabhängige Prädikatoren. ; Keywords: Multiple trauma ; Quality of life ; Demographic factors ; Injury related factors.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract. This study investigated multiple trauma patients, who were injured between 1991 and 1995 and treated in our department. The aim of this study was to identify the determinants of quality of life after multiple trauma. From a total of 186 patients 173 (93 %) were examined. The patients were asked to rate their quality of life according to the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) and to a visual analogue scale (VAS). The VAS and the NHP isolated the age of the patients, the duration of artificial respiration, and the duration of rehabilitation as the predictors for a reduced overall quality of life. These results show that quality of life after multiple trauma not only depends on the severity of injury but also on demographic and psychosocial factors.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung. Ziel dieser Studie war es, Prädikatoren zu identifizieren, die die erreichbare Lebensqualität polytraumatisierter Patienten nach Abschluß ihrer klinischen und rehabilitativen Therapie determinieren. Es wurden 173 Patienten nachuntersucht, die in den Jahren 1991–1995 ein Polytrauma per definitionem erlitten hatten. Die posttraumatische Lebensqualität der Patienten wurde mit den international etablierten Meßinstrumenten Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) und einer visuellen Analogskala (VAS) bewertet. Über die VAS und den NHP ließen sich global das Alter der Patienten zum Zeitpunkt der Polytraumatisierung, die Beatmungsdauer und die Rehabilitationsdauer als hochsignifikante Determinanten der posttraumatischen Lebensqualität differenzieren. Diese Ergebnisse zeigen, daß die erreichbare Lebensqualität nach Polytrauma nicht nur von der Schwere der Verletzungen, sondern auch von vorbestehenden, therapeutisch nicht zu beeinflussenden demographischen und psychosozialen Daten abhängig ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Morbus Parkinson ; Neuropsychologie ; Psychologische Tests ; Lebensqualität ; Keywords Parkinson's disease ; Neuropsychology ; Psychological tests ; Quality of life
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In addition to the motor symptoms of Morbus Parkinson, a number of cognitive and emotional changes take place. The diagnosis of these concomitant symptoms has received increasing attention in research and clinical practice. Global rating scales offer economical advantages but generally do not satisfy the requirements of psychometric criteria, and they do not suffice in light of the multidimensional symptoms of the disease. Based on recent research results, recommendations from the CAPSIT protocol (Core Assessment Program for Surgical Interventional Therapies) for diagnosis of neurosurgically treated Parkinson's patients, and the restraints of everyday clinical work, we propose a standardized neuropsychological diagnostic routine. It includes diagnostic methods that are in use internationally and so timesaving and easily accessible that they can be considered suitable for routine diagnostics. Data comparison among various treatment centers can thus take place more easily. We have included only methods that differentiate well and whose test criteria offer a basis for thorough consultation as well as planning and evaluation of multidimensional therapy.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Neben den motorischen Symptomen treten beim Morbus Parkinson eine Reihe kognitiver und emotionaler Veränderungen auf. Die Diagnostik dieser Begleitsymptome hat in den letzten Jahren nicht nur im Bereich der Forschung, sondern auch in der klinischen Praxis zunehmend an Bedeutung gewonnen. Globale Ratingskalen genügen trotz ihrer ökonomischen Vorteile in der Regel nicht den Anforderungen psychometrischer Testgütekriterien und werden der Multidimensionalität der Erkrankung nicht gerecht. Basierend auf dem aktuellen Stand der Forschung, den Empfehlungen des CAPSIT-Protokolls zur Diagnostik neurochirurgisch behandelter Parkinsonpatienten sowie den Erfordernissen der klinischen Praxis wird eine Testbatterie zur standardisierten neuropsychologischen Routinediagnostik vorgeschlagen. Sie umfasst diagnostische Verfahren, die zeitökonomisch, gut zugänglich und international verbreitet sind, um in der Routinediagnostik eingesetzt werden zu können und den Austausch zwischen verschiedenen Zentren zu vereinfachen. Es wurden nur Verfahren berücksichtigt, deren Differenziertheit und Testgüte Grundlage für eine fundierte Beratung sein können sowie solche, die für die Planung und Evaluation einer multidimensionalen Therapie geeignet sind.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 71 (2000), S. 822-828 
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Alkoholdelir ; Prognose ; Alkoholfolgekrankheiten ; CCT ; Liquor ; Keywords Alcohol withdrawal ; Delirium tremens ; Prognosis ; CT-scan ; Cerebrospinal fluid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract A severe course of alcohol withdrawal has been observed in 28% of patients in a neurological intensive care unit due to complicating central nerve system (CNS) diseases. In any atypical alcoholic delirium, especially with focal neurological signs, partial seizures, or decreased level of consciousness, CNS diseases like meningoencephalitis, intracranial hemorrhage, or central pontine myelinolysis must be diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) scan and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) tap. The diagnostic and prognostic value of CT scan and CSF analysis was examined in 32 persons with alcohol withdrawal syndrome or delirium tremens. Neurological complications and cerebral convulsions at the beginning of delirium tremens appear to predispose the patient to a protracted clinical course and necessary mechanical ventilation. Blood-CSF barrier permeability is increased in 70% of alcohol withdrawal patients and that also seems to be a marker of a prolonged clinical course. Cerebral atrophy as shown in CT scan does not play a role in predicting clinical course. In our experience, CT examination or lumbar puncture is not necessarily recommended if clinical signs are typical for alcohol delirium.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der Verlauf intensivmedizinisch behandelter Alkoholdelirien ist in 28% der Fälle durch eine begleitende ZNS-Erkrankung erschwert. Durch das Delir mitigierte neurologische Begleiterkrankungen, wie Meningoenzephalitiden, intrakranielle Hämatome oder eine zentrale pontine Myelinolyse können bei Vorliegen einer atypischen deliranten Symptomatik durch eine neurologische Zusatzdiagnostik mit Hilfe von CCT/MRT und Liquoranalyse ausreichend diagnostiziert werden. Der diagnostische und prognostische Wert dieser Zusatzdiagnostik wurde an 32 neurologisch-intensivmedizinisch behandelten Alkoholikern im Delir untersucht. Das Auftreten zerebraler Komplikationen korreliert dabei ebenso wie ein initialer Grand-mal-Anfall mit einem protahierten Verlauf und Beatmungspflichtigkeit. Eine Blut-Liquor-Schrankenstörung ließ sich bei 70% nachweisen. Es finden sich Hinweise für einen verlängerten Krankheitsverlauf dieser Patienten. Dem alleinigen Nachweis einer zerebralen Atrophie im CCT/MRT kommt dagegen kein prognostischer Wert hinsichtlich des Delirverlaufes zu. Ein Alkoholdelir mit jedoch typischem klinischem Bild erfordert nach unseren Ergebnissen keine bildgebende oder liquoranalytische Untersuchung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Paraneoplastische zerebelläre Degeneration ; Opsoklonus-Myoklonus-Syndrom ; Limbische Enzephalitis ; Therapie ; Prognose ; Key words Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration ; Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome ; Limbic encephalitis ; Therapy ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are rare diseases that occur in relation to cancer. Supporting the hypothesis of an autoimmune mechanism, specific antineuronal antibodies have sometimes been detected. The current possibilities for treatment are limited. A female patient, aged 57, suffering from a breast cancer, developed a severe paraneoplastic cerebellar syndrome and limbic encephalitis within a few weeks. It is possible that the impressive partial remission that occurred during the ensuing 6 months was not due to therapy. Although the patient was still bound to a wheelchair, discharge from hospital was possible because she was still able to perform daily tasks by herself. A recurrence of the cerebellar symptoms with mild alterations of mental status occurred 2 months later but again showed a good remission.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Paraneoplastische neurologische Syndrome sind seltene Erkrankungen in Assoziation mit einem Tumor, die bei vermutetem Autoimmunmechanismus mit antineuronalen Antikörpern einhergehen können und deren Verlauf therapeutisch nur bedingt beeinflussbar ist. Berichtet wird von einer 57-jährigen Patientin mit Mammakarzinom, die in engem zeitlichen Rahmen sowohl eine schwere paraneoplastische Zerebellopathie als auch eine limbische Enzephalitis entwickelte. In unklarem Zusammenhang zur Therapie kam es innerhalb von 6 Monaten zu einer vergleichsweisen guten Rückbildung beider Syndrome, so dass zwar noch eine partielle Rollstuhlpflichtigkeit bestand, bei weitgehender Selbständigkeit aber eine Entlassung nach Hause möglich war. Ein Rezidiv 2 Monate später mit im Vordergrund stehender zerebellärer Symptomatik verlief ebenfalls günstig.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Urologe 39 (2000), S. 527-529 
    ISSN: 1433-0563
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Interstitielle Zystitis ; Epidemiologie ; Inzidenz ; Prävalenz ; Lebensqualität ; Keywords Interstitial cystitis ; Epidemiology ; Incidence ; Prevalence ; Quality of life
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Available data on the epidemiology of interstitial cystitis (IC) are heterogeneous. Its prevalence ranges between 16 and 510 females/100,000 inhabitants and the incidence at 1.2–2.6/100,000 females with a mean age of 42–52 years. The disease tends to affect women (female:male ratio 9–10:1) and Caucasians (〉90%). The quality of life of patients suffering from IC is reduced to a significant degree in almost every aspect (work, social events, leisure activities). Financial expenses (medical as well as economical) associated with the disease are considerable. There is an enormous need to promote IC education and research in order to support affected patients effectively in the future.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die vorliegenden Daten zur Epidemiologie der interstitiellen Zystitis sind sehr heterogen. Die Prävalenz beträgt 16–510 Frauen/100.000 Einwohner, die Inzidenz liegt zwischen 1,2–2,6 /100.000 Frauen mit einem mittleren Alter bei Diagnosestellung von 42–52 Jahren. Die Geschlechterverteilung bevorzugt das weibliche im Verhältnis zum männlichen Geschlecht (9–10 Frauen/1 Mann) mit einer ethnischen Bevorzugung der Kaukasier (〉90%). Die Lebensqualität der betroffenen Patienten ist in fast allen Lebensbereichen (Arbeit, Soziales, Freizeit) signifikant eingeschränkt. Die Kosten (sowohl medizinisch als auch volkswirtschaftlich) sind erheblich. Es besteht ein enormer Weiterbildungs- und Forschungsbedarf, um durch einen besseren Kenntnisstand den Patient(inn)en mit IC wirkungsvoll helfen zu können.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Kryptogene Temporallappenepilepsie ; MR-Spektroskopie ; Prognose ; Epilepsiechirurgie ; Key words Cryptogenic temporal lobe epilepsy ; MR spectroscopy ; Prognosis ; Epilepsy surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The preoperative localization of pharmaco-resistent focal epilepsies before surgery and the prognosis concerning seizure outcome are both of importance. In addition to conventional MRI diagnostics for the detection of small epileptogenic lesions, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (HMR spectroscopy) can be useful for assessing the bilaterality of pathological changes in cryptogenic temporal lobe epilepsies. The technique and findings of HMR spectroscopy are reported in patients with cryptogenic temporal lobe epilepsies. The findings indicate that chemical shift imaging (CSI) investigations of the ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres provide important information for the prediction of seizure outcome after epilepsy surgery.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei der epilepsiechirurgischen Behandlung kryptogener Temporallappenepilepsien kommt neben der Lokalisation des epileptischen Fokus der Beurteilung der Prognose hinsichtlich der postoperativen Anfallskontrolle Bedeutung zu. Hierbei kann die Protonen-MR-Spektroskopie (1 HMR-Spekroskopie oder Chemical Shift Imaging CSI) nützliche Informationen liefern. Technik und Befunde des CSI im Vergleich zu einem Normkollektiv werden bei Patienten mit kryptogenen Temporallapenepilepsien dargestellt. Hierbei werden Ergebnisse der 1HMR-Spekroskopie (NAA/Cholin) und der T2-Relaxometrie mit der postoperativen Anfallskontrolle verglichen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die 1HMR-Spekroskopie mit NAA/Cholin wichtige Informationen für die Prädiktion hinsichtlich der postoperativen Anfallskontrolle liefert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Orthopäde 29 (2000), S. 987-993 
    ISSN: 1433-0431
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Behinderungen ; Integration von Behinderten ; Lebensqualität ; Gesellschaftliche Einstellungen ; Sport ; Paralympiade ; Keywords Disabilities ; Integration of disabled persons ; Quality of life ; Social attitudes ; Sports ; Paralympics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract It is important to reflect back on the enormous changes that have taken place in society over the past century that have affected the quality of life of disabled persons and societal attitudes towards disability. Although great progress has been made, these people remain marginalized and disadvantaged, and despite all the efforts of volunteers, professionals, and governments, we cannot categorically state that they are fully socially integrated. The term disability continues to carry an enormous stigma, and therefore it is important to examine the concept of social integration and the issues around it as they affect disabled persons and the role of the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) movement in achieving this end.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Nach Ablauf des letzten Jahrhunderts ist es wichtig auf die enormen gesellschaftlichen Veränderungen zurückzublicken und darauf, wie dieser Wandel die gesellschaftlichen Einstellungen gegenüber Behinderungen und die Lebensqualität von Behinderten verändert hat. Obwohl große Fortschritte gemacht wurden sind Behinderte immer noch eine benachteiligte Randgruppe; trotz aller Anstrengungen von Freiwilligen, Fachpersonal und Regierungen kann man noch nicht behaupten, dass sie voll gesellschaftlich integriert sind. Der Begriff “Behinderung” beinhaltet weiterhin ein großes Stigma. Deshalb ist es wichtig, das Konzept und die verschiedenen Aspekte der sozialen Intergration von Behinderten zu prüfen und die Rolle des Internationalen Paralympischen Kommittees (IPC) zur Verwirklichung dieser Ziele darzustellen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Unfallchirurg 103 (2000), S. 371-374 
    ISSN: 1433-044X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Knieendoprothese ; Lebensqualitätsgewinn ; Key words Knee endoprosthesis ; Quality of life
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract From a group of 41 consecutive patients receiving an endoprosthetic knee replacement 35 patients underwent complete pre- and postoperative documentation of life quality in the short term follow-up. The comparison of pre- and postoperative life quality assessment with the SF-36 form showed significant differences on the 5% level for the categories “somatic pain” and “psychological wellness”. The parameter “somatic functionality” showed with a P-value of 0.0616 almost significant improvement. The other parameters also showed improved values without reaching statistical significance. In summary, after implantation of a total knee replacement an improvement of life quality can be documented.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Aus einem Gesamtkollektiv von 41 nacheinander operierten Patienten konnten bei 35 Daten hinsichtlich der allgemeinen Lebensqualität im kurzfristigen Verlauf dokumentiert werden. Bei der Untersuchung der prä und post-operativen Lebensqualität mit Hilfe des SF-36-Scores zeigten sich auf dem 5-%-Niveau eine signifikante Verbesserung in den Kategorien “Körperliche Schmerzen” und “psychisches Wohlbefinden”. Mit einem P-Wert von p = 0,0616 kann eine fast signifikante Verbesserung in der körperlichen Funktionsfähigkeit konstatiert werden. Weitere 5 untersuchte Unterpunkte zeigten keine signifikante Verbesserung, jedoch bessere Werte bei den errechneten Mittelwerten. Zusammenfassend ist festzustellen, daß die Implantation einer Knieendoprothese zu einem deutlichen Gewinn in der Lebensqualität des kranken Menschen führt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Trauma und Berufskrankheit 2 (2000), S. S57 
    ISSN: 1436-6274
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter ; Proximale Ulnafraktur ; Olekranonfraktur ; Osteosynthese ; Prognose ; Key words ; Fracture of the proximal ulna ; Fracture of the olecranon ; Internal fixation ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of fractures of the ulna and olecranon are described. It appears that both the potential benefits of using internal fixation techniques in the proximal ulna and the olecranon and the risks involved are heavily influenced by concomitant injuries, which means that the diagnosis and appropriate treatment of these are of decisive importance for the outcome.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Pathogenese, Diagnostik, Therapie und Prognose von Ulna- und Olekranonfrakturen werden beschrieben. Dabei zeigt sich, daß die Chancen und Gefahren bei Osteosynthesen der proximalen Ulna und des Olekranons wesentlich von den Begleitverletzungen beeinflußt werden, deren Diagnose und adäquate Behandlung demzufolge für das Outcome entscheidende Bedeutung besitzt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    ISSN: 1437-7772
    Keywords: Key words Gastric carcinoma ; Isolated hepatic recurrence ; Arterial infusion therapy ; Low-dose CDDP and continuous 5-FU ; Quality of life
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Patients with metachronous liver metastasis after curative resection of gastric carcinoma generally have a poor prognosis, even when recurrence is confined to the liver. We report a patient in whom hepatic arterial infusion therapy with bolus low-dose cisplatin (CDDP) and continuous 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was effective against large metastases confined to the liver. An 83-year-old man was admitted with huge liver metastases from gastric carcinoma. Intra-arterial bolus injection of low-dose CDDP (5 mg) and continuous intra-arterial infusion of 5-FU (250 mg/day for 7 days) was started. After four courses of this arterial infusion therapy, computed tomography scans revealed shrinkage of the liver metastases. He was followed-up as an outpatient and continued to receive the arterial infusion therapy once every 4 weeks. Throughout the course of the chemotherapy, a partial response of the liver metastases was maintained. The patient had an improved quality of life after starting the chemotherapy, and he survived for 16 months from the commencement of the therapy. Arterial infusion therapy with bolus low-dose CDDP and continuous 5-FU may be recommended for patients with isolated hepatic recurrence of gastric carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of clinical oncology 5 (2000), S. 217-228 
    ISSN: 1437-7772
    Keywords: Key words Colorectal carcinoma ; Cytokines ; IL-6 ; IL-10 ; Prognosis ; Survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Host-tumor interactions are primarily controlled by paracrine interactions between adjacent normal host cells and malignant cells. Recent evidence from experimental and clinical neoplasms indicates that neoplasms, or their products, produce levels of circulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines that modulate these local paracrine interactions in such a way that promotes tumor growth. This brief review focuses on several cytokines (interleukin-6, interleukin-10, transforming growth factor-beta, and vascular endothelial growth factor) that have systemic effects in experimental models and are associated with prognosis in patients with colorectal carcinoma. The primary focus of this review is on colorectal carcinoma, but implications for other malignancies are also considered. Colorectal and similar carcinomas may exert systemic control over neoplastic progression by modulating circulating levels of cytokines that then influence the growth of distant metastasis by affecting local paracrine interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of clinical oncology 5 (2000), S. 121-125 
    ISSN: 1437-7772
    Keywords: Key words Splenic metastasis ; Colorectal cancer ; Splenectomy ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. The value of splenectomy for secondary splenic tumors remains unclear. The aim of this study was to disclose the clinical significance of splenectomy for colorectal cancer metastases to the spleen by reviewing our two patients and the 24 other patients reported thus far. Methods. We report two patients with splenic metastasis from colonic cancer. A review of 26 cases, including ours, was conducted. Results. One of our patients had isolated splenic metastasis and is alive with no evidence of disease 14 months after splenectomy, while the other had non-isolated splenic metastasis and died of disseminated disease 17 months after splenectomy. In the 26 patients overall, the outcome of those with isolated splenic metastasis (n = 20) was significantly better than that for those with non-isolated splenic metastasis (n = 6; P = 0.05). There were three long-term (more than 3 years) survivors; all three were patients with isolated splenic metastasis, with the longest survival being 110 months. Patients with mucinous carcinoma showed a better survival rate than patients with other histological types (P = 0.08). In patients with isolated metastasis, metastases after splenectomy occurred in the peritoneum (n = 3), liver (n = 1), and lung (n = 1) within 2 years. Conclusions. Splenectomy may provide long-term survival for patients with isolated colorectal cancer metastasis to the spleen. The mucinous variant may be a favorable prognostic factor after splenectomy. Recurrence after splenectomy is likely to occur within 2 years, mainly in the peritoneum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Biliary atresia ; Bile lake ; α-glutathione-s-transferase (GST) ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Early identification of patients likely to deteriorate post-hepatic portoenterostomy for biliary atresia (BA) would be beneficial. α-Glutathione-s-transferase (α-GST) is a serologic marker of reactive hepatocellular damage because of its low molecular weight, uniform hepatic distribution, high cytosol concentration, and short half-life. We evaluated whether serum α-GST in post-surgical BA patients correlates with liver function (LF) and investigated its potential as a medium- to long-term marker of prognosis. Postoperative BA patients (n = 30; mean age: 11.8 ± 3.7 years) were divided into three groups based on average LF over the 3 months prior to this study. Group I (n = 8) were jaundice-free and had normal LF. Group II (n = 12) had moderate liver dysfunction, and group III (n = 10) had severe liver dysfunction. Serum α-GST was determined using a specific ELISA. Tissue α-GST was determined immunohistochemically, using liver needle-biopsy specimens. Bile lakes were found in 5 group II patients and 5 group III patients. Serum α-GST was significantly higher in group II (20.7 ± 8.4 ng/ml) than in groups I (4.7 ± 1.3 ng/ml) and III (8.0 ± 1.2 ng/ml) (P 〈 0.0001) and was highest in group II subjects with bile lakes. In control liver specimens α-GST distribution was weak but uniform throughout normal liver lobule hepatocytes. In group II there was strong staining in centrilobular hepatocytes, and in group III α-GST was only found in regenerative nodules. We conclude that α-GST may be a more sensitive indicator of hepatocellular damage in BA because its distribution is correlated to the proportion of functioning liver tissue present. This is the first report of this relationship, which has great implications for group II subjects because a sudden shift in concentration of α-GST may be a better predictor of impending hepatic dysfunction than conventional LF tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 16 (2000), S. 351-355 
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Extrahepatic biliary atresia ; Hepatoportoenterostomy ; Prognosis ; Long-term results
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Clinical and histologic findings from 206 patients operated upon for extrahepatic biliary atresia (EHBA) are analyzed in order to define the prognosis of patients with EHBA. The prospective study took into consideration both initial fibrosis of the liver and the morphology of the porta hepatis (PH) at surgery. Kaplan-Meier survival estimates and statistical calculations demonstrated a relationship between long-term survival and histologic findings in the liver and porta hepatis. The efficacy of HPE is significantly influenced by the morphology of the PH and to a lesser extent by the initial liver fibrosis. Surgery should thus achieve pattern 1 morphology of the PH, but this is problematic because of the close relationship of the vascular and biliary structures in its two lateral zones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    ISSN: 1437-7772
    Keywords: Key words c-erb B-2 ; Prognosis ; Breast cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. The prognostic significance of c-erb B-2 in breast cancer remains controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the practical prognostic significance of c-erb B-2 protein status in breast cancer extracts, using an enzyme immunoassay. Methods. An enzyme immunoassay was used to measure levels of c-erb B-2 protein prospectively in 360 patients with breast cancer, using cytosol fractions prepared for steroid receptor assay. The status of c-erb B-2 protein was assessed using a cut-off value for positivity of 18 ng/mg protein. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. To evaluate the prognostic significance of c-erb B-2 protein status. Results. Levels of c-erb B-2 protein in tumor tissue extract ranged from 0 to 213.0 ng/mg protein (mean, 15.5 ng/mg protein). In 52 tumors (14.4 %) more than 18.0 ng/mg protein was detected, and these tumors were regarded as c-erb B-2 protein-positive. Correlations were found between c-erb B-2 protein positivity and large tumor size (〉3 cm; P = 0.0095), higher histological grade (P 〈 0.0001), estrogen receptor negativity (P 〈 0.0001), and progesterone receptor negativity (P 〈 0.0001). There was also a marginally significant correlation between c-erb B-2 protein positivity and lymph node positivity. Multivariate analysis showed that c-erb B-2 protein status was a significant independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival, being strongly significant in patients with positive lymph nodes. Conclusion. c-erb B-2-positive breast cancers are biologically more aggressive and c-erb B-2 protein status could be a candidate as a prognostic factor for patients with breast cancer, being particularly valuable in patients with positive lymph nodes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    ISSN: 1437-7772
    Keywords: Key words Breast cancer ; Breast-conserving therapy ; Local recurrence ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. In patients with early stage breast cancer who have breast-conserving therapy (BCT), the impact of local recurrence on the risk of distant metastasis is still controversial. Local recurrence after BCT is an uncommon event, so it is impossible to determine a standard treatment method by a clinical trial because not enough patients can be enrolled. Methods. Between February 1988 and December 1997, 399 patients with clinical stage I and II breast cancer underwent BCT in our department. Of these 399 patients, 22 developed local recurrence during this period. To assess the relationship between their clinical characteristics and prognosis, we performed a retrospective review of these 22 patients. Results. The 5-year overall survival rate after local recurrence was 66.7%. All four patients who had cutaneous or inflammatory type recurrence developed distant metasta-sis after salvage treatment. Of three patients with multiple recurrence, two developed disseminated disease after salvage treatment. Two of four patients treated by repeat lumpectomy developed further local recurrence after salvage lumpectomy. Conclusion. To improve prognosis in patients with multiple, cutaneous, or inflammatory recurrence, aggressive adjuvant systemic therapy may be required after salvage surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of clinical oncology 5 (2000), S. 36-40 
    ISSN: 1437-7772
    Keywords: Key words Renal cell carcinoma ; Contralateral adrenal metastasis ; Clinicopathological characteristics ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. Metachronous solitary metastasis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) to the contralateral adrenal gland is very rare. We assessed the clinocopathological findings of such patients who received adrenalectomy. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed the records of all 495 patients who underwent nephrectomy for RCC; excluding those in stage IV, between 1980 and 1993. Of these patients, 5 who showed metachronous solitary metastasis to the contralateral adrenal gland, and also received adrenalectomy were the subjects of this study. Results. The adrenal metastasis was found between 14 and 132 months (median, 81 months) after nephrectomy. After the solitary adrenalectomy, patient survival ranged from 450 to 2160 days (median, 660 days); 2 patients were alive with no evidence of disease at 660 and 1830 days, respectively, and 3 patients died of this disease, at 450, 480, and 2160 days, respectively, after adrenalectomy. The overall survival rate was 100% at 5 years, 80% at 6 years, 60% at 7 years, and 40% thereafter. The 2 patients with no evidence of disease did not receive steroid supplementation, because they had not received ipsilateral adrenalectomy. No significant difference was observed between survivors and non-survivors in terms of clinicopathological factors such as affected side, location of the tumor, tumor size of primary/metastatic lesion, and stage or grade of primary/metastatic lesion. From the viewpoint of outcome, patients with early recurrence tended to show an unfavorable prognosis compared with prognosis in those with late recurrence. Conclusion. The prediction of outcome in patients with RCC who undergo, adrenalectomy for metachronous solitary metastasis to the contralateral adrenal gland is difficult. Although the factors that affect prognosis are uncertain, long-term observation for unusual metachronous metastasis to the contralateral adrenal gland is mandatory in patients with RCC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Macrodystrophia lipomatosa ; Fibrolipomatous hamartoma ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Median nerve
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Macrodystrophia lipomatosa (MDL) is a rare disease typically causing localized gigantism and is often associated with a fibrolipomatous hamartoma (FH) of the median or plantar nerve. A previously unreported case of MDL with associated FH of the median nerve is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of clinical oncology 5 (2000), S. 164-170 
    ISSN: 1437-7772
    Keywords: Key words P-glycoprotein ; Osteosarcoma ; Soft-tissue sarcoma ; Prognosis ; Immunohistochemistry ; RT-PCR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between P-glycoprotein status and outcome in adult patients with high-grade osteosarcomas and soft-tissue sarcomas. Methods. P-glycoprotein status was determined im-munohistochemically in specimens from 28 patients with osteosarcoma and 34 patients with soft-tissue sarcoma. The polyclonal antibody mdr(Ab-1) was used for either decalcified or undecalcified tissue samples which were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded. The expression of P-glycoprotein mRNA was also determined by the polymerase chain reaction in 23 fresh sarcoma specimens. P-glycoprotein status was analyzed in relation to the duration of event-free survival. Results. Positivity for P-glycoprotein was found in 29% of the osteosarcomas and 34% of the soft-tissue sarcomas. Consistent results were obtained at both the immunohistochemical and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) levels in 19 of 23 sarcomas (83%). In patients with osteosarcoma, the presence of increased levels of P-glycoprotein was significantly associated with a decreased probability of event-free survival after diagnosis (P = 0.022). In contrast, in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma there was no correlation between the level of P-glycoprotein and prognosis. Conclusions. In patients with high-grade osteosarcomas, the presence of increased levels of P-glycoprotein detected by polyclonal antibody mdr(Ab-1) was associated with a significantly increased risk of adverse events. This association was not found in patients with soft-tissue sarcomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 29 (2000), S. 605-608 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Keywords Plant-thorn synovitis ; Monoarticular arthritis ; Elbow ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Ultrasound ; Power Doppler
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We describe a case of plant-thorn synovitis of the elbow resulting from a thorn injury. This caused recurrent pain and swelling of the elbow over a 3-month period. A magnetic resonance imaging examination was initially requested to exclude septic arthritis, and demonstrated a joint effusion, synovitis, and a 2-cm linear opacity embedded in the synovium. Ultrasound was performed prior to surgery to confirm these findings and provide accurate localization of the thorn fragment, later removed at surgery. To our knowledge this is the first example of this condition that has been confirmed by radiological imaging prior to surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 29 (2000), S. 217-223 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Spinal canal ; Low back posture ; Morphologic change ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. To define the possible mechanism of posture-dependent symptoms of spinal stenosis by measuring the effect of low back posture on morphologic changes of the intervertebral discs and spinal canal in healthy young people. Design.Twenty healthy young volunteers underwent magnetic resonance imaging while supine with their spine in neutral, flexed, extended, and right and left rotational positions. The axial MR images at the middle of the intervertebral discs of L3–4 and L4–5 were analyzed to measure the difference in the size and shape of the intervertebral discs and spinal canal in each posture. Results.  Extension or rotation decreased the sagittal diameters and cross-sectional areas of the dural sac and spinal canal and increased the thickness of the ligamentum flavum, whereas flexion had the opposite effects. The gap between the convex posterior disc margin and the anterior margin of the facet joint on each side, represented as the subarticular sagittal diameter, increased with flexion and decreased with extension or rotation. The direction of rotation did not result in asymmetry of the subarticular sagittal diameter, but right rotation caused thickening of the right ligamentum flavum, and vice versa. The shape and dimensions of the disc did not change significantly according to the positions of the low back. Conclusions.With extension or rotation, the thickness of the ligamentum flavum increased and the posterior margin of the intervertebral disc was approximated to the facet joint without any change in shape and size of the disc. These phenomena result in a decrease in the size of the spinal canal and dural sac in extension or rotation postures in young healthy people without disc degeneration, and may explain the posture-dependent symptom of spinal stenosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Hamstring muscles ; Semimenbranosus ; Tear ; mass ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Complete rupture of the hamstring muscles is a rare injury. The proximal musculo-tendinous junction is the most frequent site of rupture. We present two cases of complete rupture of the distal semimenbranosus tendon, which clinically presented as soft-tissue masses. MR imaging permitted the correct diagnosis. There has been only one other such case reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 29 (2000), S. 470-473 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Aneurysmal bone cyst ; Humerus ; Giant cell reparative granuloma ; Pathological fracture ; Radiography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We report on a 69-year-old woman with a solid variant of aneurysmal bone cyst (solid ABC) in the left humerus with a pathological fracture. Radiographically, the lesion exhibited a relatively well-defined osteolytic lesion in the diaphysis of the left humerus. On magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, the medullary lesion exhibited a homogeneous signal intensity isointense with surrounding normal muscles on the T1-weighted images and a mixture of low and high signal intensity on the T2-weighted images. Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images revealed diffuse enhancement of the entire lesion. The pathological study showed a proliferation of fibroblasts, histiocytes, chronic inflammatory cells and numerous multinucleated giant cells in a collagenous matrix. Abundant osteoid formation in the matrix was observed, but the cells were devoid of nuclear atypia. Aneurysmal cystic cavities were absent. A review of the English literature found 22 cases of solid ABC of the long bones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 29 (2000), S. 535-537 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Computed tomography ; Intraosseous hemangioma ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Epiphysis equivalent ; Tibia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We report on a rare case of an intraosseous hemangioma involving the proximal tibia in a 70-year-old man. Radiographically, the lesion was a well-defined osteolytic lesion with marginal sclerosis. The CT images demonstrated a well-defined osteolytic lesion with partial cortical breakthrough. T1-weighted MR images showed a hypointense lesion, while T2-weighted images revealed hyperintense areas, with internal, hypointense septa. Gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images showed lattice-like enhancement of the lesion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Soft tissue ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Sparganosis ; Sparganosis ; magnetic resonance imaging ; Sparganosis ; ultrasonography ; Parasitic infection ; Sparganum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. To document the imaging characteristics of subcutaneous and musculoskeletal sparganosis. Design and patients. Ten patients with musculoskeletal sparganosis were examined, with a variety of imaging modalities including MRI (n=6), ultrasonography (n=8), plain radiography (n=7) and CT (n=1). Pathologic correlation was carried out in all cases. Results. Nine lesions involved soft tissues, of which seven were in the thigh, two in the trunk and one involved a vertebral body. The majority of the lesions in soft tissue were confined to the subcutaneous layer but two extended deep into underlying muscles. Sonography revealed low-echoic serpiginous tubular tracts (8/8), and an intraluminal echogenic structure (4/8). MRI revealed multiple serpiginous tubular tracts and peripheral rim enhancement. Two patients showed perilesional soft tissue edema. Pathologically, the lesion consisted of a larva surrounded by three layers of inflammation: an inner epithelioid granulomatous cell layer, middle chronic inflammatory cell layers, and an outer fibrous layer. Conclusion. The study suggests that if serpiginous tubular tracts are seen at imaging studies, musculoskeletal sparganosis should be included in the differential diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Pectoralis major muscle ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Tendons ; injuries ; Tendons ; magnetic resonance imaging ; Muscles ; injuries ; Muscles ; magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. To assess the accuracy and utility of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the detection and grading of pectoralis major muscle and tendon tears. Design and patients. A retrospective review was carried out of 10 patients referred for MR imaging for suspected pectoralis muscle injury and possible operative therapy. The pectoralis muscle and tendon were imaged using thin (3–4 mm) axial sections with a variety of sequences combined for anatomical delineation (T1-weighted SE or PD SE) and fluid detection (T2-weighted SE, T2-weighted FSE with fat suppression, or STIR). Surgical correlation was available in six patients. Clinical follow-up was available in four patients treated by nonoperative therapy. Results. MR imaging identified five complete tears, four partial tears and one normal tendon. One complete and one partial tear were at the myotendinous junction. The remaining seven injuries were at the enthesis. Surgical correlation consisted of five complete tears and one partial tear. One complete and one partial tear were at the myotendinous junction with the remaining four complete tears at the enthesis. The MR interpretation and surgical findings were in agreement in all six cases. All four patients treated with nonoperative therapy demonstrated improvement at a clinical follow-up examination, with restoration of function and strength consistent with a healed prior partial injury. Conclusion. MR imaging is accurate and useful in detecting and grading tears involving the pectoralis major muscle and tendon, facilitating the identification of patients with complete tears who are candidates for operative therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Sacral ; Tuberculosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. To review imaging studies of isolated involvement of the sacrum due to tuberculosis and determine the role of imaging in the diagnosis and management of these patients. Design and patients. A retrospective analysis of 15 cases of isolated sacral tuberculosis imaged with MR imaging was performed. The CT images were also reviewed where available, and the various lesion characteristics were identified. We also reviewed the medical records in an attempt to determine the impact of the imaging studies on the management of these patients. Results. Fifteen patients (5 male, 10 female) presented with symptoms of 3–15 months’ duration. Chronic localized backache with muscle spasm was the commonest presenting symptom; discharging sinuses with abscess formation was found in six patients, five of whom were children. MR imaging of the sacrum revealed a hypointense marrow signal on T1-weighted images and hyperintense signal on T2-weighted images in 14 of 15 patients, the S2 vertebra being always involved. CT revealed osteolytic changes in the sacrum in all the five patients in whom CT was performed. All patients showed marked clinical improvement within 1 year of anti-tuberculous chemotherapy. Conclusion. Isolated tuberculosis of the sacrum is uncommon but should be suspected in patients presenting with chronic low backache or children with discharging sinuses/abscesses and showing sacral destruction on CT or MR imaging. MR imaging can identify cases and enables early institution of anti- tuberculous chemotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 29 (2000), S. 466-469 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Bone neoplasm ; Chondromyxoid fibroma ; Femur ; Apophysis ; Radiography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We present a rare case of juxtacortical chondromyxoid fibroma arising in the lesser trochanter of the right femur which corresponds to an apophysis. Radiography showed a well-defined expansive lesion with a sclerotic margin measuring 5×3.5 cm in diameter in the lesser trochanter. On spin echo T1-weighted images, the lesion revealed low signal intensity similar to muscle. On spin echo T2-weighted images, the lesion revealed high heterogeneous signal intensity, which after gadolinium injection showed heterogeneous enhancement. The inner margin of the cortex was intact and adjacent bone marrow was of normal signal intensity. The outer margin of the lesion was also clearly defined and extension into adjacent soft tissue beyond the exophytic cortical outgrowth was not evident.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 120 (2000), S. 349-351 
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Keywords: Key words Glenoid dysplasia ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Multidirectional shoulder dislocation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Glenoid dysplasia is a rare abnormality of the shoulder. We report glenoid dysplasia in two consecutive generations: a boy and his father. Both suffered recurrent shoulder dislocations, and radiological examination revealed bilateral glenoid dysplasia. Our cases confirm dominant inheritance of this osseous malformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Keywords: Key words Bladder neoplasm ; Quality of life ; QLQ-C30 ; Cystectomy ; Ileal conduit ; Orthotopic neobladder ; Urinary diversion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The impact of bladder removal and urinary diversion for patients' everyday life is largely unknown. The aims of this study were to compare subjective morbidity of ileal neobladder to the urethra versus ileal conduit urinary diversion and to elucidate its influence on quality of life. A total of 102 patients who underwent cystectomy due to a bladder malignancy were included in the study. In 69 patients (67.6%) an orthotopic neobladder and in 33 patients (32.4%) an ileal conduit was performed as urinary diversion. The compliance was 99% and mean follow-up was 37 months. All patients completed two retrospective quality of life questionnaires, namely the QLQ-C30 and a questionnaire developed at our institution to ask for urinary diversion specific items. The questioning and assessment was performed by non-urologists. The results obtained from the validated (QLQ-C30) and our own specially compiled questionnaire clearly demonstrate that patients with an orthotopic neobladder are more able to adapt to the new situation than patients with an ileal conduit. In addition, neobladder to the urethra improves the quality of life because it improves self-confidence, causes better rehabilitation as well as the restoration of leisure, professional, travelling, and social activities, and reduced risk of inadvertent loss of urine. For example, 92.8% of neobladder patients did not feel handicapped at all, and 87% did not feel sick or ill, in contrast to 51.5% and 66.7% of ileal conduit patients, respectively. Of the neobladder patients, 74.6% felt absolutely safe with the urinary diversion in contrast to 33.3% in the ileal conduit group. Only 1.5% of neobladder patients had wet clothes caused by urine leakage during the day, versus 48.5% of ileal conduit patients. Moreover, 97% of our neobladder patients would recommend the same urinary diversion to a friend suffering from the same disease, but only 36% of ileal conduit patients would do so. These results demonstrate that the quality of life is preserved to a higher degree after orthotopic neobladder than after ileal conduit urinary diversion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Key words Superficial bladder cancer ; p21WAF1/CIP1 ; Prognosis ; Cyclin D1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Immunoreactivity of p21WAF1/CIP1 and cyclin D1 proteins was assessed in a cohort of 207 patients with superficial (pTa-pT1) bladder cancer followed up for a mean of 4.9 years. The results of the immunostainings were compared with T category, WHO grade, tumor cell proliferation rate (MIB-1 score), the expressions of p53 and bcl-2 as well as survival. Sixty-eight percent and 75% of the tumors were p21WAF1/CIP1 positive (≥5% of cells positive) and cyclin D1 positive (≥10% of cells positive), respectively. The p21WAF1/CIP1 expression was related to cyclin D1 immunolabelling (P 〈 0.001) but not to the other variables studied. The expression of cyclin D1 was inversely associated with T category (P=0.001), WHO grade (P=0.006), MIB-1 score (P=0.014), p53 expression (P=0.001), and bcl-2 (P=0.011) immunoreactivity. In univariate analysis, T category (P=0.0001), WHO grade (P 〈 0.0001), MIB-1 score (P 〈 0.0001), bcl-2 (P=0.0092), p53 (P=0.0016) and p21WAF1/CIP1 (P=0.009) expressions were significant prognostic factors with regard to tumor progression, whereas cyclin D1 was without any prognostic significance (P=0.1). Out of 123 p21 positive tumors 21 progressed, whereas only 2 out of 58 p21 negative tumors progressed. In multivariate analysis, the MIB-1 score was the only independent predictor of cancer-specific survival (P=0.03), whereas tumor grade (P=0.002) and cyclin D1 expression (P=0.04) were independent predictors of tumor recurrence. Only the WHO grade (P=0.04) retained its prognostic value indicating the risk of progression. We suggest that in superficial bladder cancer p21WAF1/CIP1 and cyclin D1 immunohistochemistry provide no additional prognostic information compared with already established prognostic factors for predicting the risk of progressive disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Keywords: Key words Spondylodiscitis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography ; Diagnostic algorithm ; Therapeutic algorithm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Fifty-nine patients with spondylodiscitis (SD) of the thoracic and/or lumbar spine were followed-up clinically and radiologically [X-ray, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)] over a mean time of 2.2 years (1–6.5 years). All patients without abscess formation (n = 35) were treated conservatively. Out of the group with abscess formation (n = 24) 6 patients were also treated conservatively, 11 were drained under CT control and 7 were operated. At time of diagnosis, “signs of florid inflammation” were seen in 60% of the roentgenograms, in 93% of the CTs and in all of the MRIs. The sensitivity to differentiate between SD with and without abscess formation was 85% by MRI and 69% by CT. “Signs of regressive inflammation” and “signs of increasing osseous consolidation”, essential facts for starting remobilization, could first be seen using CT 6 weeks after onset of therapy. Using MRI these signs were seen with a considerable delay at 12 weeks. Clinically, only 3 of the 59 analyzed patients developed recurrent SD. In conclusion, MRI is the radiological method of choice for establishing the diagnosis of SD, in particular with regard to differentiating between cases with and without abscess formations. In contrast, CT is superior for performing success control after treatment. Therapeutically, conservative, minimal-invasive and operative procedures are not rival but rather complementary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Ki-67 labeling index ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Optic nerve glioma ; p53 ; Pilocytic ¶astrocytoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Gliomas of the optic nerve, although typically of pilocytic (WHO grade I) histology, can present within the spectrum of astrocytic neoplasia including glioblastoma (WHO grade IV). In certain cases, histologic features alone make the distinction between pilocytic and diffuse astrocytomas difficult. We reviewed 22 cases of optic nerve gliomas, 19 of which were pilocytic astrocytomas (PA), and 3 of which were diffuse, non-pilocytic astrocytomas. The cases were evaluated for their clinical course, radiographic appearance, histologic grade, and proliferation indices as detected by MIB-1 (Ki-67) and p53 antibodies. Of the 19 PA, 14 showed no tumor growth by magnetic resonance imaging, and had Ki-67 and p53 labeling indices (LI) of 〈 1%. The other 5 PA exhibited aggressive behavior manifest by marked diffuse infiltrative tumor growth causing death in 2 patients, 1 of whom was diagnosed with neurofibromatosis type 1 (immunoperoxidase and radiographs not available), and marked local growth with an average time to growth of 39.3 months, a Ki-67 LI of 2–3%, and a p53 LI of 〈 1% in three others. Three of the five aggressive PA histologically demonstrated a finely reticulated pattern, a pattern that appears as an exaggeration or expansion of the normal neuroglia of the optic nerve, and may simulate a diffuse low-grade astrocytoma. Two demonstrated the coarsely reticulated pattern, with the biphasic and microcystic pattern typical of PA. Three diffuse astrocytomas (2 anaplastic astrocytomas and 1 glioblastoma) originated clinically and radiographically from the optic nerve, and revealed a Ki-67 LI of 2–12%, a p53 LI of 2–8%, and an average time to growth of 8 months. We conclude that the majority of PA of the optic nerve are non-aggressive, stabilize radiographically, and have Ki-67 and p53 LI 〈 1%. However, a subpopulation of PA has a propensity for aggressive behavior, and are identified by a Ki-67 LI of 2–3% and a p53 LI of 〈 1%. Diffuse astrocytomas have both Ki-67 and p53 LI 〉 2%. Thus, in cases of aggressive optic nerve tumors in which the histologic review of biopsy material cannot confidently confirm the diagnosis of pilocytic or diffuse fibrillary glioma, a p53 LI of 〉 1% appears to favor the diagnosis of diffuse astrocytoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Acute myelofibrosis ; Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia ; Scintigraphy ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Interferon gamma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Acute myelofibrosis is a rare, malignant hematological disorder of unknown etiology with an inevitably fatal outcome. Here we present the study of a 63-year-old Caucasian man with acute onset of pancytopenia. Repeated bone marrow biopsies showed dense fibrosis and hypoplastic hematopoiesis raising various differential diagnoses of malignant and nonmalignant conditions. Bone marrow scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed areas suggesting neoplastic infiltration, mainly in both femurs and tibias. Histological examination of a surgical biopsy of the left tibia revealed acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. As the patient refused polychemotherapy, therapy with interferon gamma was initiated but discontinued prematurely because of intolerable side effects. The presented case therefore suggests that the combination of bone marrow scintigraphy and MRI is a valuable diagnostic tool in patients presenting with myelofibrosis of unknown origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 79 (2000), S. 455-458 
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Anterior chamber ; Hypopyon ; Leukemia ; Extramedullary ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We encountered a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) who developed leukemic hypopyon. Leukemia initially spread into the pharynx, gingiva, lymphnode, and bone marrow. He achieved complete remission after chemotherapy but developed blurred vision and hypopyon. Anterior chamber paracentesis disclosed leukemic infiltration of the anterior chamber. Infiltration of the central nervous system also occurred. He received systemic chemotherapy, intrathecal chemotherapy, and local chemotherapy. However, he did not achieve prolonged remission. These findings suggest that these chemotherapy treatments have an inadequate effect for AML with anterior chamber infiltration. This rare complication is associated with extramedullary infiltration of leukemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    ISSN: 1279-8509
    Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia ; Chemotherapy ; Allogenic transplantation ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to assess the place of HLA-identical allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and to compare it to other post-induction therapies, we analyzed patient outcome in intention-to-treat based on the presence or not of an HLA-identical familial donor in young adults with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission (CR). Between 1985 and 1998, 152 consecutive AML patients aged less than 41 years old, seen in our institution, were treated according to 3 different successive protocols (LYLAM85, LAM90, AML10). 144/152 patients entered our prospective study in which they were registered at time of diagnosis for presence or absence of HLA-identical donor and analyzed in intention-to-treat. In this study, 52 patients (36%), who had at least one identical sibling donor (group 1), were offered allogeneic BMT after CR achievement. The 92 patients without donor were allocated to group 2 and were assigned to receive chemotherapy or autologous transplantation as post-remission according to the protocol they were initially included in. Patients from both groups had similar disease characteristics at diagnosis. Karyotypes at diagnosis were defined as low risk (t(8;21) or t(15;17) or chromosome 16 abnormalities(, intermediate risk (normal karyotypes), or high risk (other abnormalities). Overall, 114/152 patients (75%) achieved a CR. Of the 144 eligible patients, 46/52 (88%) with a donor and 68/92 (74%) without a donor achieved a CR. The median follow-up duration of the 144 patients was 21.2 months. The relapse rate was higher in group 2 (56%) than in group 1 (31%). However, the overall survival was not different between patients with and without donor (median survival respectively at 16.7 months and 26.6 months with estimated survival at 5 years respectively at 32% and 34%). Thirty-four patients from group 1 (65%) were actually transplanted in first CR. The probability of 5-year survival for patients receiving effectively allogeneic BMT was 44% and was not significantly better than that of patients who did not. In univariate as in multivariate analysis, karyotypic status was the main prognostic factor for CR achievement (p = 0.002), CR duration (p 〈 0.0001), and overall survival (p 〈 0.0001). There were no significant differences between group 1 and group 2 when survivals were compared with adjustment for karyotypes. We conclude that the availability of an HLA-identical sibling donor did not confer any prognostic advantage in terms of outcome for young adults with AML in first CR. These results make allogeneic BMT process questionable as systemic post-remission therapy in patients with an HLA-identical familial donor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    ISSN: 1248-9204
    Keywords: Hernia ; Strangulation ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary It is believed that direct hernias are less likely to strangulate because, in contrast to an indirect inguinal hernia, the neck of the direct hernia is wide. For this reason, some surgeons do not repair direct hernias in I elderly patients. We analyzed all incarcerated hernias repaired on an emergency basis during a 3-year period in order to discover the extent of incarcerated direct hernias in our practice. A total of 293 patients with incarcerated hernia were evaluated; of these, 222 were inguinal (193 indirect −86.9%- and 29 direct −13.1%-). The strangulation rate for inguinal hernias was found to be 29.7%. There was a significant difference between indirect and direct inguinal hernias in respect to strangulation rate (32.6% vs 10.3% p = 0.014). However, we did not find any difference between bowel resection rates in incarcerated-strangulated indirect and direct hernias (14/193 −7.3%- vs 2/29 −6.9%-, p = 0.95). Hospitalization time was significantly longer for the patients who developed strangulation than those who did not. The side of direct hernia had no effect on strangulation (10.5% for right-sided vs 10.0% for left-sided, p = 0.97). The only prognostic factor for strangulation and resection in regression analysis was the age-group of the patients (〈 60 vs. 60 or older). At operation the average diameter of the defect in the transversalis fascia was 23.8 mm. The diameter of the defect had no effect on strangulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Gastric carcinomas ; Cardiac carcinomas ; TNM-classification ; Prognosis ; Lesser and greater omenta
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The problem of T classification of proximal gastric carcinomas is becoming increasingly important due to a rise in the incidence of these tumors. The aim of this study was to examine the gastric insertion of the lesser and greater omenta and its role in the T classification of gastric carcinomas. The stomach and greater and lesser omenta were removed from 76 fixed cadavers and 12 measurements each were done in defined localizations. The lesser omentum extended to the gastric wall in 98% of the cases. This junction as well as the omental thickness and thus the retroperitoneal part are especially pronounced in the cardiac region. According to the current UICC classification, even advanced tumors extending into the gastric wall can be classified T2 as long as they do not penetrate the visceral peritoneum. This results in « understaging » and a seemingly poorer prognosis for cardiac carcinomas. Our study results support the recommendation of Hermanek and Wittekind [5] to subdivide the T2 stage of gastric carcinomas on the basis of infiltration depth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 22 (2000), S. 181-190 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Masseter muscle ; Architecture ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The authors carried out an anatomic and magnetic resonance imaging study of the architecture of the elevator muscles of the mandible in 169 cadavers. The aim of this study was to define the architectural organization of the human masseter muscle, temporalis and pterygoid muscles. Layered dissections and anatomic sections in different spatial planes showed that the masseter muscle exhibited a typical pennate structure consisting of a succession of alternating musculoaponeurotic layers. The muscle had three well-differentiated parts the superficial, intermediate and deep masseter muscles. The same pattern was constantly found 1) for the superficial masseter, two alternate musculoaponeurotic layers oriented at 60∘ in relation to the plane of occlusion, 2) for the intermediate masseter, a single musculo-aponeurotic layer oriented at 90∘ in relation to the occlusal plane, 3) for the deep masseter, three musculoaponeurotic layers whose general orientation was at 90∘ for the bounding layers and 110∘ for the intermediate layer. The MRI study confirmed the reality of this architectural arrangement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...