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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1685-1688 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320101303
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular taxonomy of the yeasts (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1727-1740 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Yeasts ; systematics ; ribosomal RNA/DNA ; molecular evolution ; phylogeny ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The term ‘yeast’ is often taken as a synonym for Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but the phylogenetic diversity of yeasts is illustrated by their assignment to two taxonomic classes of fungi, the ascomycetes and the basidiomycetes. Subdivision of taxa within their respective classes is usually made from comparisons of morphological and physiological features whose genetic basis is often unknown. Application of molecular comparisons to questions in yeast classification offers an unprecedented opportunity to re-evaluate current taxonomic schemes from the perspective of quantitative genetic differences. This review examines the impact of molecular comparisons, notably rRNA/rDNA sequence divergence, on the current phenotypically defined classification of yeasts. Principal findings include: 1) budding ascomycetous yeasts are monophyletic and represent a sister group to the filamentous ascomycetes, 2) fission yeasts are ancestral to budding and filamentous ascomycetes, 3) the molecular phylogeny of basidiomycetous yeasts is generally congruent with type of hyphal septum, presence or absence of teliospores in the sexual state, and occurrence of cellular xylose.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320101306
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320101301
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Signal transduction in yeast (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1753-1790 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Metabolic messenger ; glucose repression ; cAMP ; Ras ; adenylate cyclase ; nitrogen signalling ; Fermentable-growth-medium induced pathway ; growth control ; pheromone signaling ; mating pathway ; cell cycle progression ; start point ; heat shock response ; high-osmolarity response ; hypotonic stress ; phosphatidylinositol pathway ; protein kinase C ; MAP kinase ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320101308
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Introduction to functional analysis reports (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1791-1791 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320101309
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The non-Saccharomyces yeasts (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1707-1726 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320101305
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New heterologous modules for classical or PCR-based gene disruptions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1793-1808 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Yeast genome analysis ; in-frame replacement ; PCR-targeting ; G418 resistance ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We have constructed and tested a dominant resistance module, for selection of S. cerevisiae transformants, which entirely consists of heterologous DNA. This kanMX module contains the known kanr open reading-frame of the E. coli transposon Tn903 fused to transcriptional and translational control sequences of the TEF gene of the filamentous fungus Ashbya gossypii. This hybrid module permits efficient selection of transformants resistant against geneticin (G418). We also constructed a lacZMT reporter module in which the open reading-frame of the E. coli lacZ gene (lacking the first 9 codons) is fused at its 3′ end to the S. cerevisiae ADH1 terminator. KanMX and the lacZMT module, or both modules together, were cloned in the center of a new multiple cloning sequence comprising 18 unique restriction sites flanked by Not I sites. Using the double module for constructions of in-frame substitutions of genes, only one transformation experiment is necessary to test the activity of the promotor and to search for phenotypes due to inactivation of this gene. To allow for repeated use of the G418 selection some kanMX modules are flanked by 470 bp direct repeats, promoting in vivo excision with frequencies of 10-3-10-4. The 1·4 kb kanMX module was also shown to be very useful for PCR based gene disruptions. In an experiment in which a gene disruption was done with DNA molecules carrying PCR-added terminal sequences of only 35 bases homology to each target site, all twelve tested geneticin-resistant colonies carried the correctly integrated kanMX module.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320101310
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Publisher's note (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1683-1683 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320101302
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequencing the yeast genome: An international achievement (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1689-1706 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Yeast genome analysis ; genome sequencing ; functional analysis ; Saccharomyces cerevisiaesequencing ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The yeast genome is currently being sequenced by a Consortium of European laboratories, in collaboration with a wider international network of researchers. It is expected that within the next two years Saccharomyces cerevisiae will become the first eukaryotic organism to have been completely genetically mapped and sequenced. This article traces the sequencing enterprise from its beginnings, outlining the intentions, the organisation, and the achievements so far. The tasks which remain are discussed, emphasising the follow-on research into the evolution of primitive karyotypes, and, more particularly, into the nature of novel genes revealed during sequencing. The functional analysis of novel genes is attracting an ever wider community of yeast scientists, so that research which began with a decision to sequence a simple genome promises to remain a focus for international cooperation.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320101304
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Another brick in the wall? Recent developments concerning the yeast cell envelope (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1741-1752 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; cell wall ; β-glucan ; mannoprotein ; GPI anchor ; flocculation ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: To a yeast, the cell wall is an important living organelle performing a number of vital functions, including osmotic and physical protection, selective permeability barrier, immobilized enzyme support and cell-cell recognition and adhesion. Our basic model of wall structure involves attachment of secreted mannoproteins to a fibrillar inner layer of β-glucan. Recent work has emphasised the importance of chitin in lateral walls, examined the mechanisms of attachment of mannoproteins to the various cell wall glucan fractions and elucidated the pathway of β-glucan synthesis, by means of resistance to glucan-binding killer toxins. The conventional view of wall structure has been challenged by the discovery of a class of GPI-anchored, serine/threonine-rich wall-proteins. It has been suggested, that these proteins are anchored in the plasma membrane, spanning the wall with extended O-glycosylated structures and protruding out into the medium. Examination of these proteins shows a diversity of structures, sizes and behaviour that makes it improbable that these represent a new class of wall proteins. The possible roles of one of these proteins associated with flocculation, Flo1p, are discussed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320101307
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BioTechnologie. Das Jahr- und Adreßbuch 93-94. Berlin: polycom Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 1993, 432 pages; DM 49,80. ISBN 3-928383-05-1 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 218-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140219
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon requirements of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides PENZ (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 211-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Monosporic isolates of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were made from Punica grantum and one suitable isolate was selected for further work on carbon nutrition. Preliminary experiments showed that a pH value of 5, a temperature of 32°C and a period of 14 days were optimum conditions for the growth of this pathogen.Out of 41 carbon compounds tested, the pathogen showed excellent growth on starch, maltose, melibiose, dextrose, sucrose, raffinose, and dulcitol; good on tartaric acid, mannose, galactose, fructose, mannitol, and castor oil; fair on inulin, isopropyl alcohol, coconut oil, and pectin; poor on sorbose, n-butyl alcohol, arabionose, maleic acid, ethyl alcohol, succinic acid, citric acid, ribose, and malic acid, and no growth on the rest of the carbon compounds. In general, compounds which supported the best mycelial growth, yielded excellent or good sporulation of C. gloeosporioides and vice versa.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140217
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Verfahresntechnik in der Biotechnologie. Springer Verlag: Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, Hong Kong, 1993, 201 pages, 74 figures, 23 tables; DM 54.00. ISBN 3-540-56190-0 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 219-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140220
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140301
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recovery processes for biological materials. Chichester, New York, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore: John Wiley & Sons, 1993, 592 pages. ISBN 0-471-93349-X (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 234-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140303
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fermentationsprozesse. Kinetik und Modelling. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, Hong Kong: Springer-Verlag, 1993, 100 pages, 29 figures; DM 58,00. ISBN 3-540-56170-6 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 242-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140305
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of ferulic acid by soil bacteria Nocardia provides various valuable phenolic compounds (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 235-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Nocardia autotrophica was grown in a medium containing ferulic acid and 14C-ferulic acid, labelled in various parts of a particle as a main carbon source. After incubation, the products were analyzed by thin layer, high performance liqid and gas chromatography and by IR and NMR spectra methods. The products detected were caffeic acid, catechol, coniferyl alcohol, eugenol, guaiacol, hydrocaffeic acid, isoeugenol, isoferulic acid, isovanillic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, protocatechuic acid and aldehyde, vanillic acid, and vinylguaiacol. A liberation of 14CO2 during cultivation was noticed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140304
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of phytase produced by Aspergillus carbonarius NRC 401121 in canola meal (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 223-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Aspergillus carbonarius NRC 401121 phytase was produced on canola meal in a solid-state fermentation process. A Km value of 0.345 mM and a vmax of 0.81 units were determined for sodium phytate. The optimum pH and temperature were 4.7 and 53°C, respectively. Activation of the enzyme occurred when it was preincubated at higher temperatures for a period of time. The energy of activation, the entropy and the enthalpy changes were evaluated to be 7,800 cal/mole, 74 cal/(mole · K) and 24,000 cal/mole for this enzyme, respectively.The effect of time and the extractant: solid state culture ratio upon the single step extraction of phytase from a solid-state culture were evaluated.Mathematical correlations which fit the experimental data reasonably well were proposed for some of the studied processes.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140302
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aerobic degradation of toluene in a closed chemostat with and without a head space outlet (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 243-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The present paper describes the continuous aerobic cultivation of a Pseudomonas strain with toluene as the substrate in a closed chemostat with oxygen or air as the gas phase. Due to the constant supply of a nitrogen-saturated aqueous medium, nitrogen passes from the liquid phase of the chemostat into the gas phase (head space). This results in an increasing nitrogen content (asymptotic approach to 100%). The concomitant decrease in the partial pressure of the oxygen in the gas phase finally leads to an oxygen limitation for the bacteria in the medium and an incomplete toluene degradation. The critical nitrogen content of the gas phase at which oxygen limitation begins depends on the toluene concentration in the incoming medium. However, when the gas is continuously removed from the head space, the nitrogen content reaches a steady-state value of less than 100%, depending on the flow rate of the outgoing gas. The oxygen limitation and the associated incomplete toluene degradation can be prevented in this way. The method of gas removal from the head space to avoid oxygen limitation is also applicable when the reactor is supplied with air instead of oxygen. Waste waters contaminated with highly volatile pollutants can thus be biologically decontaminated under aerobic conditions, without shifting the pollution problem from the liquid to the gas phase.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140306
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The variability of the hypericin content in the regenerants of Hypericum perforatum (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 267-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The hypericin content of in vitro regenerated plants of Hypericum perforatum L. was determined by spectrophotometry. A significant variability of some of the morphological characters, of the biomass production and the hypericin formation was found within the somaclones of the same genetic origin and among the regerants of different genotypes. The concentration of BAP which promoted the shoot differentiation did not affect the hypericin content and the gland density. New information on the ultrastructure of hypericin-containing multicellular glands is presented here.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140309
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of the utilization of different C sources and the cellulose formation by Acetobacter xylinum (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 261-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Different methylated glucose derivatives and cellobiose were examined as the carbon sources for growth and cellulose formation by Acetobacter xylinum. HPLC studies were carried out to gain information about the kinetics of the utilization of the C sources used. The type and yields of the synthesized cellulose were described. Besides glucose, cellobiose was a substrate for the synthesis of this polysaccharide by the bacteria. Other methylated derivatives of glucose were not accepted for a comparable synthesis of this polymer. An estimation of citrate in an unmodified culture liquid (SH medium) showed utilization in a late phase of cultivation. The influence of this organic acid on the pH value, cellulose synthesis and growth is described. By the application of citric acid as a sole carbon source “gel-like” forms of cellulose were formed generally.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140308
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimization of the conditions of the fermentation of beet molasses to lactic acid by Lactobacillus delbrueckii (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 251-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Optimization studies were carried out for the production of L-lactic acid from the fermentation of beet molasses by Lactobacillus delbrueckii. A Central Composite Design was used to determine the optimum values of the process variables (temperature, pH, inoculum concentration, and initial sucrose concentration) for obtaining the maximum yield and the maximum volumetric productivity of lactic acid. Among the variables selected for study, it was found that all of them apart from the temperature significantly affected the responses (yield and volumetric productivity of lactic acid). The Central Composite Design also permitted formulating two second-order polynomial empirical models relating to the responses and the significant variables. From these models it was possible to determine the value of the variables giving the maximum yield of lactic acid production (87.8%) and the maximum volumetric rate of lactic acid biosynthesis (2.7 g/l · h). Finally, the dependence of the lactic acid yield and productivity on the model variables was investigated. All conclusions are restricted to the experimental range studied.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140307
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conference announcement (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 274-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140310
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biotechnology. A multi-volume comprehensive treatise completely revised 2nd edition. Volume 1. Biological fundamentals. Weinheim, New York, Basel, Cambridge: VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 1993 ISBN 3-527-28311-0 (Weinheim) ISBN 1-56081-151-X (New York) Single volume price: DM 490.00, Series price: DM 390.00 per volume Series ISBN 3-527-28310-2 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 309-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140317
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioreaktionen. Prinzipien, Verfahren, Produkte. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, Hong Kong: Springer-Verlag, 1994, 259 pages, 99 figures, 30 tables; DM 68.00. ISBN 3-540-56723-2 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 336-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140403
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trends in biotechnology: Sustainable technology development: From high tech to Eco Tech (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 315-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Biotechnology as a multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary field of science and engineering is regarded to be a key technology for the future, able to essentially contribute to sustainable development. In the first part of this paper, a critical analysis of the status quo in biotechnologies is given in the area of pharmaceutical, agricultural, environmental, and industrial biotechnology as well as food biotechnology. Here the general potential becomes clear, but also a series of disadvantages which are partly the result of the existing paradigm in science and technology and partly in direct connection to bioprocessing itself. Nevertheless, these biotechnologies will contribute to sustainable development, but mainly in a shallow sense of survival and livelihood.In the second part of this paper, another new dimension in bioprocessing is elucidated, which is in agreement with the new ecological, holistic world view. Here the so-called “eco-principles” are derived from a systems analysis of the ecosphere and represent the intelligence of nature as the result of evolution. The eco-principles will serve as guidelines for the general eco-restructuring of technology, being a drastic change within the next 2-5 decades. For the applying of eco-principles, a quantitative measure for sustainability in technology was developed (“sustainable process index”), which will enable us to design the new technology paradigm called “Eco Tech”. Ecological security and social equity, together with economic efficiency will define sustainable technology development in a deeper sense.Following this route, a completely new dimension of biotechnology will be reached, where the technosphere is fully embedded into the natural cycles of the ecosphere on a local basis.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140402
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    In vivo chemical sensors: Recent developments. Cranfield, UK: Cranfield Press, 1993. VII + 199 pages, 123 figures, 12 tables; £ 50. ISBN 1-871315-49-2 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 354-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140407
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    Biotechnolgy. A multi-volume comprehensive treatise second, completely revised edition. Volume 2. Genetic fundamentals and genetic engineering. Weinheim, New York, Basel, Cambridge: VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 1993. ISBN 3-527-28312-9 (Weinheim). ISBN 1-56081-152-8 (New York). Single Volume price: DM 490,-, Series price: DM 390,- per volume. Series ISBN 3-527-28310-2 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 346-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140405
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  • 29
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    Diversity of PAH-degrading bacteria in an airlift-suspension reactor system for waste-water cleaning (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 337-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Different samples from a reactor system for the cleaning of an emulsified waste oil containing approximately 1% of different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were studied for the diversity of phenanthrene, anthracene, and acenaphthene-metabolizing bacteria. From more than 28 different taxa found in the airlift-suspension reactor, nine were able to mineralize at least one of the PAH, belonging to the genera Bacillus, Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Sphingomonas, Alcaligenes, Pseudomonas, and the Flavobacterium/Cytophaga group. In the sludge from the thickener of the reactor system, a reduced number of metabolically active groups could be detected. The impact of different precultivation substrates on the degradation capability was investigated with five PAH-degrading bacterial strains. Four isolates were influenced by the precultivation substrates, however, one isolate (Alcaligenes-like) as well as the mixture of the five strains showed no changes in their degradation capability. The results indicated a strong impact of the precultivation methods on the composition of bacterial communities and the activity and the degradation characteristics of bacteria with respect to different PAH.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140404
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    Stimulation of multiple shoot regeneration from seedling leaves of Hypericum perforatum L. by pluronic F-68 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 347-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effects of the non-ionic surfactant, Pluronic F-68, on the growth of shoots regenerated from seedlings (14 days post-germination) of Hypericum perforatum L. were studied. The supplementation of agar-solidified medium with 0.001% (w/v) of Pluronic increased the mean fresh weight of the regenerants after 60 days by 40% and the mean number of plant regenerants recovered per seedling by 34%; a less pronounced increase in the number of regenerants occurred with 0.01% (w/v) of the surfactant. By contrast, the mean fresh weight of the regenerants cultured in the presence of 0.1% (w/v) Pluronic F-68 was 15% lower than untreated controls, although the mean number of regenerants per seedling remained unaltered. The growth of seedling leaf-derived Hypericum callus after 60 days was unaffected by all the concentrations of Pluronic tested. However, there was a tendency for callus cells grown in the presence of Pluronic to be more highly pigmented with anthocyanins. The cultivation of leaf explants with 0.001% or 0.01% (w/v) Pluronic did not affect either the mean fresh weight of the regenerants or the mean number of regenerants per explant. However, decreases in both the mean fresh weight and the mean number of regenerants (both 33.0% lower than the control) occurred following the cultivation with 0.1% (w/v) Pluronic.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140406
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    Modelling the aerobic degradation of toluene in a closed chemostat with and without a head space outlet (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 355-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The microbial aerobic decontamination of waste waters contaminated with highly volatile pollutants was experimentally investigated in a closed chemostat in [1]. The experiments, using a previously isolated Pseudomonas strain, were carried out with synthetic waste water containing toluene and saturated with either nitrogen or oxygen. A model for the interpretation of the experimentally determined process behaviour has been derived in this study. A comparison of the process curves obtained by simulation (numerical solutions of the model equations) with the experimentally determined results confirmed the model concepts. The model analysis supplied equations describing the process in a steady state as a function of the technical process parameters. These equations were used to draw conclusions for the practical operation of waste-water purification processes in closed chemostats.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140408
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    Enzymatic modification of yeast protein isolates (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 379-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Yeast protein isolate with 85% of pure protein and 1.2% of nucleic acids in dry matter was isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae by a procedure of two pre-treatment steps, acidic extraction and isoelectric precipitation. The application of this yeast protein isolate was limited by its functionality resulting from the partially extreme isolating conditions.An enzymatic partial hydrolysis with Thermitase to a degree of hydrolysis of 5% not only improved the solubility and foaming properties, but also the water binding capacity and the emulsifying properties. The hydrolysate was free of bitter taste and could be applied either in two fractions of different solubility after centrifugation or as a whole product in food systems to improve the physiological and functional quality. The yeast protein hydrolysate had the same or even better properties than conventional protein products.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140410
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    L(+)-Lactic acid from sweet sorghum by submerged and solid-state fermentations (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 367-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Sweet sorghum was used as the raw material for the lactate production by a strain of Lactobacillus paracasei. The submerged conversion of sugar juice obtained from sweet sorghum by extraction could be accomplished with the same efficiency as observed in a control experiment with MRS-glucose medium (final lactate concentration of 88-106 g/l, lactate yield of 91-95%, duration of the fermentation of 24-32 h). Finely ground stalks of sorghum served as the substrate in the solid-state fermentation. The lactate accumulation in the solid medium and the lactate yield were optimized up to values comparable with the results from the submerged fermentation (final lactate concentration of 90 g/kg, lactate yield of 91-95%). However, the duration of the fermentation amounted to 120-200 h in the solid-state process. The data from a series of experiments performed at variable values of temperatures between 30°C and 36°C and initial sugar concentrations between 60 g/kg and 115 g/kg, and degrees of moisture between 78% and 82% was the basis of a polynomial multidimensional regression. As a result, simple three-dimensional model functions were obtained for the maximum productivity of lactate formation, the lactate yield and the time required for a 90% conversion.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140409
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    Altlasten. Erkennen, Bewerten, Sanieren. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, Hong Kong: Springer-Verlag, 1993, Second revised edition. XVII + 395 pages, 137 figures; DM 178.00. ISBN 3-540-56196-X (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 386-386 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140411
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  • 35
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    Biotechnological methods for the up-grading and modification of animal waste fats (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 387-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The possibility of producing monoacyloglycerols (MAGs) from poultry fat or beef tallow using selected microorganisms or enzymatic glycerolysis was established. The highest content of MAGs (16.21-17.63% w/w) in the lipids was obtained after the cultivation of Candida lipolytica on a medium with poultry fat. The concentration of MAGs in the lipids which remained in the medium was influenced by the microorganisms strains and their cultivation conditions. The yield of MAGs obtained by the enzymatic glycerolysis of poultry fat or beef tallow ranged from 3.52% to 55.10% w/w, respectively.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140412
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    Introduction to molecular cloning techniques. New York, Basel, Cambridge, Tokyo: VCH Weindheim, 1993, XVI + 298 pags, 108 figures, 17 tables, DM 79.00. ISBN 3-527-89613-9 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 394-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140413
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    Die Europäische Patentanmeldung und der PCT in Frage und Antwort. 3. Auflage 1993, Köln, Berlin, Bonn, München: Carl Heymanns Verlag, XI, 463 pages; DM 90.00. ISBN 3-452-22668-9 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 395-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140414
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    Altlasten, Deponietechnik, Kompostierung. Praktizierter Umweltschutz als Vorsorge und Nachsorge. Academia Verlag, Sankt Augustin, 1993, XII + 1269 pages, 422 figures, 87 tables; DM 128. ISBN 3-88345-202-5 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 396-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140415
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    Kinetik in der Bioverfahrenstechnik. Hamburg: Behr's Verlag, 1991. 184 pages, 70 figures, 21 tables; DM 64,- ISBN 3-925673-90-3 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 60-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140110
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  • 40
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    Amyloglucosidase immobilized on acrylic supports (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 75-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper deals with the study of the behaviour of Amyloglucosidase covalently immobilized on acrylic supports in the maltodextrin hydrolysis process. The specific catalytic activity of the different immobilized Amyloglucosidase preparations critically depends on their protein content. The maltodextrin hydrolysis in the presence of the immobilized Amyloglusidase is a diffusion-controlled process. The simulated operational stability of the immobilized Amyloglucosidase tested by the specific activity and the substrate conversion proves the conservation of the catalytic enzymatic activity.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140113
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  • 41
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    Production of oxytetracycline and rifamycins B and SV with cells immobilized on glass wool (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 67-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The antibiotic producing microorganisms Streptomyces rimosus PFIZER 18234-2 and Amycolatopsis mediterranei CBS 42575 were immobilized in glass wool for the production of oxytetracycline and rifamycins B and SV. The growth of the immobilized cells was dependent on the type of the microorganism and on the amount of glass wool as well. After 5 exchanges of the medium, 530 mg O.T.C., 2138 mg rifamycin B and 8672 mg rifamycin SV were maintained. The periodic batch culture was continued for 20 days.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140112
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  • 42
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    L-Methionine production by double auxotrophic mutants of a ethionine resistant strain of Brevibacterium heali (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 61-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A number of lysine plus threonine double auxotrophs have been isolated from a ethionine resistant methionine producing strain of Brevibacterium heali previously isolated from soil by mutagenesis with N-methyl N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in two steps. This strain excreted L-methionine in sufficient amounts. For the three potent mutants tested, the medium of ALFOLDI was judged to be the best. Biotin and ammonium nitrate were found to be optimal at 5 μg/l and at a 40 mM level, respectively. With such an optimal dose, the strain BhLT 27 yielded 25.5 g/l methionine in a flask culture containing methionine-analogue ethionine at a minimal inhibitory concentration.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140111
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  • 43
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    L-Phenylalanine production by double auxotrophic analogue resistant mutants of Arthrobacter globiformis (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 87-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A number of tryptophan plus tyrosine double auxotrophic mutants isolated by the NTG treatment of a glutamate producing strain of Arthrobacter globiformis were found to excrete phenylalanine in a mineral salt medium. By controlling the pH of the medium to near neutrality, the active growth period could be extended up to 72 h and more phenylalanine was accumulated compared to the unregulated culture where the growth period took up to 48 h. Under optimum culture conditions, the best double auxotroph (TT-39) produced 3 g phenylalanine/l. Further improvement of phenylalanine production has been achieved by the step-by-step isolation of a mutant resistant to the phenylalanine analogues p-fluorophenylalanine (PFP) and β-2-thienylalanine (TA) from the TT-39 strain. Under optimum culture conditions, the best double auxotrophic analogue resistant mutant TT-39 PTr-21 yielded 8.7 g/l phenylalanine.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140114
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    Biosensor-Entwicklungen. Sudie des Arbeitskreises Biosensorik. Wissenschaftszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, 1993. Reichsstraße 45. 40217 Düsseldorf 138 pages; DM 98,- ISBN 3-929483-01-07 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 96-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140115
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  • 45
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    Extracellular amylase synthesis by Bacillus globisporus BH-1b (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 97-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Despite the prevalence of starch-hydrolyzing enzymes in bacilli, relatively few have been studied in detail. In an attempt to isolate an effective α-amylase-producing strain, Bacillus globisporus BH-1b has been isolated. The strain requires few nutritional supplements and shows induction in the presence of galactose. 2% potassium nitrate and pH 7.2 emerged as optimum for the fermentation medium. The durability of the enzyme has also been tested at a low pH and a high temperature.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140116
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  • 46
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    Fermented tempeh-like products as useful way of utilizing legume seeds (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 105-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The in vitro effect of fermented tempeh-like food on intensive flatulence caused by intestinal bacteria after consuming soybeans (Glycine max) was studied.Six fungi strains of Rhizopus and Actinomucor were tested. Rhizopus oligosporus NRRL 2710 proved to have the highest antibacterial activity. In vitro tests vs. Clostridium perfringens 546 showed that the soybean extract from the food fermented with the fungi mentioned above in about 80% of the experiments slowed the bacterial growth rate remarkably. The homogenization of tempeh-like food increased its antimicrobial activity. Cultures of Rh. oligosporus NRRL 2710 grown on the brewery wort medium did not show any antibacterial activity.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140117
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  • 47
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    Behaviour of Candida utilis during growth in relation to Mg2+ and K+ concentration in sugar cane molasses (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 111-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Magnesium and potassium ions are present in sugar cane molasses in a concentration of about 0.3% and 2.5%, respectively, which is high enough to support biomass production from Candida utilis. Culture broth with 40 g/l of total reducing substances supplemented by the addition of 1 ppm of Mg2+ leads to a higher yield (Y x/s) in batch fermentation experiments. The subsequent addition of Mg2+ up to 10 ppm decreases the yield coefficient from 0.53 to 0.42 without affecting the growth rate. Fermentation media supplemented with 1 to 10 ppm of K+ decreased both the yield coefficient and the specific growth rate. A Mg/K ratio of about 0.1 seems to be optimal for yeast biomass propagation.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140118
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    Allugemeine Mykologie. Jena, Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag, 1993. 541 pages, 206 figures, 66 tables, DM 148,- ISBN 3-334-60391-1 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 115-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140119
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  • 49
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    Masthead (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140201
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  • 50
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    Influence of the casing on the microflora of compost colonized by Agaricus bisporus (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 275-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The role of the casing soil during mushroom cultivation was studied with respect to the composition of the microflora. The thermophilic bacteria became more numerous and the number of mesophiles was clearly enhanced. The casing soil had a protective action against antagonistic microflora. Interactions between the microflora and the mushroom were also studied.Moreover, lignocellulose degradation was evaluated by enzymatic measurements during cultivation and process, and was documented by an ultrastructural study.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140311
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  • 51
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    Fractionation of dextran solutions by cross-flow filtration (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 293-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The use of ultrafiltration to fractionate dextran solutions in order to obtain fractions for the synthesis of dextran derivatives was investigated.Several experiments were carried out in two available commercial ultrafilters. The operation was evaluated by the recovery yield and process time.Dextran solutions can be fractionated being concentrated up to 9 fold in a PM30, but no more than double in a PM5 hollow fibre membrane cartridge.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140313
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    Granulation of digested sewage sludge in mesophilic UASB reactors treating distillery waste waters from sugar cane molasses (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 283-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Five 4.02-1 UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) reactors were continuously operated at 30°C under different hydrodynamic regimes for more than 120 days. The effect of the upflow liquid velocity (ULV) over the range of 0.25 to 2.0 m/h on the biological characteristics of the granules formed by treating vinasses (waste water of alcohol distilleries) from sugar cane molasses was investigated constantly maintaining the volumetric loading rate (VLR) (8 g COD/l · d). Granular sludge was found at all the ULV tested. The size, shape, etc., of the granules indicated that the ULV had a considerable effect on the sludge cultivated in this type of system, thereby acting as a selection process for the biomass. The best results in relation to the time of appearance, size, shape, consistence, stability, composition, and the accumulation were observed in the ULV range between 0.25 and 0.5 m/h.Microscopic studies of the granules using optical and epifluorescence microscopes and the scanning electron micrograph (SEM) showed a heterogeneous biomass and revealed the cell characteristics.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140312
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  • 53
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    Separation of D-forms and L-forms of DL-aspartic acid derivatives by the enzyme subtilisin DY (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 299-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The ability of the enzyme subtilisin DY for the synthesis of derivatives of DL-aspartic acid which are differently N and C-terminal protected and semiproducts of the peptide synthesis was investigated. The enzyme reaction was characterized by high yields and a comparatively short reaction time. Two of the substrates, Z-D,L-Asp-(OMe)2 and PhAc-D,L-Asp-(OMe)2, were hydrolyzed for about 15 min; the reaction time for Boc-D,L-Asp-(OMe)2 was 2.5 h. The values for the MICHAELIS constants obtained for Z-D,L-Asp-(OMe)2 (Km = 0.576 mM) and PhAc-D,L-Asp-(OMe)2 (Km = 0.300 mM) showed a high affinity of the enzyme to the substrates. For Boc-D,L-Asp-(OMe)2 the affinity of the enzyme is considerable lower (Km = 14.07 mM).The results of these investigations can be effectively used for the separation of N-protected derivatives of D,L-aspartic acid and with a high probability also for other amino and racemic forms.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140314
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  • 54
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    Taschenatlas der Zytologie, Histologie und mikroskopischen Anatomie. Revised and Extended 8th Edition Stuttgart, New York: Georg Thieme Verlag, 1992 430 pages. ISBN 3-13-348608 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 302-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140315
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  • 55
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    Production of oxytetracycline by immobilized Streptomyces rimosus cells in calcium alginate gels (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 303-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Streptomyces rimosus Pfizer 18234-2 cells were immobilized in calcium alginate and used for the production of oxytetracycline. The influence of the incubation period, alginate concentration and storage in CaCl2 were investigated. From the results of the repeated batch fermentations of the shake flasks, a good level of antibiotic was maintained for a period of about 28 days using 4% calcium alginate. The cell leakage and cell concentration inside the beads were affected by the alginate concentration and storage in CaCl2 solution.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140316
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    Conference announcement (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 311-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140318
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    Masthead (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140401
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  • 58
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    The effects of some amino acids on growth and lipid production in Inonotus obliquus grown in vitro (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 169-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effect of the distribution of free and esterified fatty acids, including triterpenes and sterols, on the mycelial growth of the basidiomycete Inonotus obliquus (Pers. ex Fr.) Pilat in malt extract and solid supplemented mineral media was investigated. The amino acids DL-alanine. DL-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, L-leucine, L-methionine, and L-serine were added to the cultures at nitrogen concentrations of 0.1, 0.5 and 0.9 g/l, respectively. Differences in the average mycelial growth were distinct at concentrations of 0.5 g/l and 0.9 g/l. L-Methionine had the highest inhibitory effect on growth. At all concentrations, the amino acids reduced the production of lanosterol. The other identified triterpenes were inotodiol, 3β,hydroxy-lanosta-8,24-dien-21-al, 3β,21-dihydroxy-lanosta-8,24-diene, trametenolic acid, and ergosterol peroxide. The main fatty acids were either C 16:0 or C 18:2 both free or in glycerides.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140210
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  • 59
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    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140101
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  • 60
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    Generation of rules for expert systems by statistical methods of fermentation data analysis (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 13-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Five new methods for determining the relations between kinetic data of fermentations are described and applied to an industrial antibotic fermentation process. The input data for these method are the elements of the distance matrix dij, which quantify the sum of the deviation squares between the time dependent kinetics x (t) of the fermentation runs i and j. For each measurable or calculable kinetic state variable, one n x n distance matrix must be calculated where n is the number of fermentation runs. All methods compare these distance matrices by statistical or graph-theoretical approaches. The algorithms obtained are universally applicable if enough kinetic data are available, especially from more than 10 comparable fermentation runs. The algorithms were developed for the use in knowledge acquisition modules of expert systems.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140103
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    Evaluation of the effects of a polyurethane carrier on the degeradation of chlorinated anilines by Pseudomonas acidovorans CA50 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 3-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A previously described model system for the treatment of harzardous chloroaniline-containing waste waters using immobilized bacterial cells in a bioreactor was enhanced in its degradation efficiency. This was achieved by the substitution of the calcium alginate heads by an inert polyurethane (PU)-carrier. The supply of chloroaniline-polluted waste waters with the PU-carrier (1.25% w/v) resulted in a distinct decrease of the pollutant concentrations in the solution due to the effects of adsorption. Nevertheless, the initially bound amounts of the chloroanilines were also degraded, which was proved by the chloride balance. In comparative batch-degradation experiments with the Pseudomonas acidovorans strain CA50 with and without the addition of the PU-carrier (1.25% v/w), respectively, the advantages of the PU-supplied treatment system were demonstrated; among others a marked shortening of the degradation periods was achieved. The advantage of the PU-carrier was also shown by using a bubble reactor. In this connection, it is particularly worth mentioning, that high degradation rates can be achieved for a long time even for strongly persistent pollutants.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140102
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    Factors affecting the synthesis of penicillins by the immobilized penicillin acylase from Escherichia coli (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 37-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effect of pH, temperature, reactant concentration, and reaction time has been investigated for the synthesis of N-benzhydryl-N′-acetamidopiperazyl-6-penicillanic acid and N-benzyl-N′-acetamidopiperazyl-6-penicillanic acid from 6-aminopenicillanic acid by the immobilized penicillin acylase from Escherichia coli. The synthesis of penicillins from carboxylic acids proceeds most rapidly at pH 5; with ethyl ester derivatives of carboxylic acids the pH optimum is higher (6-7). The most rapid synthesis of penicillins was obtained with ethyl ester derivatives of carboxylic acids. The optimum temperatures were 25-35°C.
    Additional Material: 9 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140105
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    Oxygen mass transfer and gas holdup in a bubble column bioreactor with biosynthesis liquids (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 27-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The influence of the rheology of some antibiotic biosynthesis liquids produced by Streptomyces aureofaciens, Nocardia mediterranei and Penicillium chrysogenum on the volumetric liquid phase oxygen transfer coefficient, kLa, and gas holdup, εG, together with the influence of superficial gas velocity, were studied in a bubble column bioreactor, using samples of fermentation liquids taken from industrial stirred tank fermenters, at 30-hour intervals during fermentation batch.The results were compared to those of previous studies from literature on non-Newtonian homogeneous fluids, such as CMC-Na, xanthan and starch solutions, respectively.In the heterogeneous broths, εG and kLa decreased with increasing apparent viscosity of the broth and increased with increasing superficial velocity.The experimental data were correlated using non-linear regression \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$\begin{array}{*{20}c} {\varepsilon _{\rm G} } & = & {0.283v_{{\rm SG}}^{0.67} \eta _{{\rm eff}}^{ - 0.23} } \\\end{array}$$\end{document} \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$\begin{array}{*{20}c} {k_{\rm L} a} & = & {0.054v_{{\rm SG}}^{0.78} } \\\end{array}\eta _{{\rm eff}}^{ - 0.52} $$\end{document} with correlation coefficients above 0.85.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140104
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    Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology. Bioprocess design and control. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, Hong Kong: Springer-Verlag, 1993 206 pages, 52 figures, 21 tables; DM 179,- ISBN 3-540-56315-6 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 44-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140106
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    Flow cytometry in microbiology. London, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Paris, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Barcelona, Budapest: Springer-Verlag, 1993. 188 pages, 74 figures; $ 120.-, DM 158,- ISBN 6-540-19796-6 Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York. ISBN 0-387-19796-6 Springer-Verlag, New York, Berlin, Heidelberg (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 52-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140108
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    Production of propionic acid by microbiological way. Part 2. Effect of the pH value on cell growth and acid production (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 45-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The batch propionic acid fermentation of sugar cane molasses by Propionibacterium acidi propionici PP-1 was studied at various pH values ranging from 5 to 7. The optimum pH range for cell growth was between 6 and 7, whereas the specific growth rate decreased with the pH in the acidic range down to 0.197 h-1 at pH 5.The propionic acid yield increased with decreasing pH; it changed from 22% (wt/wt) at pH 7 to 38% at pH 5. It has been obvious that this process is inhibited by the products of the fermentation and more severely in the acidic range where the acids are in an unionized state.A generalized equation of the non-competetive inhibition was adjusted for each pH value, and kinetic inhibition constants were estimated.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140107
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    The influence of MAILLARD's reaction in sugar cane molasses on the kinetic fermentation parameters of Candida utilis NRRL Y-660 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 53-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Growth inhibition of Candida utilis NRRL Y-660 took place in molasses stored at 60°C for 120 days. The specific growth rate (μmax) was reduced from 0.42 h-1 to 0.200 h-1 as a result of a lack of affinity from the microorganism to the substrate and the increasing maintenance necessities. The Ks values arose from 1.40 mg/ml to 4.28 mg/ml within the whole experiment. At the same time, the maintenance coefficient (m) increased from 0.250 to 3.80 mg/ml. In a continuous culture the “wash-out” conditions were reached at dilution rate values (D) close to 0.40 h-1. The process productivity decreased up to 15% from its original value in fresh molasses.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140109
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    Flow cytometry and cell sorting. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, Hong Kong: Springer-Verlag, 1992, 223 pages, 58 figures, 6 tables; DM 102,00. ISBN 3-540-55594-3 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 130-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140203
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    Expression of the 2,4-D degrading plasmid pJP4 of Alcaligenes eutrophus in Rhizobium trifolii (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 119-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) degrading plasmid, pJP4, was transferred into Rhizobium trifolii ANU843 from its nature host Alcaligenes eutrophus JMP134 by conjugation. The ability to degrade 2,4-D was expressed in the transconjugant ANU843p as shown by a total loss of UV-absorbent compounds and by gas chromatographic analysis. However, the transconjugant was unable to grow on 2,4-D alone. When the transconjugant strain ANU843p was inoculated onto white and subterranean clover plants in laboratory trials, the transconjugant retained the capacity of nodulation, but the nitrogen-fixation activity was diminished, particularly in the case of subterranean clover. The plasmid in the transconjugant was stable in nodules for at least nine weeks after inoculation and could be of value in applications requiring the protection or removal of the 2,4-D involving cometabolism with plant substrates.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140202
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    The relationship between the microbial activity of the autochthonous microorganisms of pristine and contaminated soils and their potential for the degradation of mineral oil hydrocarbons (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 131-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The microbial activity of pristine and contaminated soils was investigated by measuring the following parameters: glucose induced respiration, dimethylsulphoxide reduction and the hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate. The viable counts were determined by the plate count method.The ability of the autochthonous microorganisms of the investigated soils to degrade diesel fuel was determined in a closed system on the basis of the oxygen consumption and by direct measurements of the hydrocarbon concentrations.As expected, compost showed the highest microbial activity with regard to all three parameters, followed by the grassland and the arable soil samples which were also found to have high activity. However, soils that had been exposed to mineral oil for a long period of time showed significantly lower values.Microorganisms from contaminated sites had a high degradation potential; few pristine soils reached similar turnover rates. The investigations showed that the level of the degradation of diesel fuel in pristine soils correlated with their microbial activity, but this correlation was not found in the investigated contaminated soils.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140204
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    Construction of broad-host-range plasmids for the expression of heterologous genes in Acetobacter methanolicus B58 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 141-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The construction of different plasmids reported here on the basis of a broad-host-range RSF1010 replicon allows an efficient expression of heterologous genes in the acidophilic methanol-assimilating bacterium Acetobacter methanolicus B58.The promoter-probe vector pRS201 was used for the identification and isolation of the promoter containing sequences derived from the DNA of the Acetobacter phage Acm1. Further, this plasmid was coupled with the Escherichia coli promoters tac and pr creating the expression vectors pRS201tac and pRS201pr, respectively. After the insertion of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene of the cloned promoters downstream, the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) was determined in a cell-free extract of both E. coli and A. methanolicus.Using E. coli promoters as well as promoters of the Acetobacter phage Acm1 arranged in tandem with the promoters of the heterologous genes to be expressed, the pectat lyase gene (ptlB) of Erwinia carotovora and the threonine A gene (thrA) of E. coli were successfully expressed in A. methanolicus.The stability of recombinant plasmids under various conditions in A. methanolicus strains was tested using antibiotic-free media.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140205
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    Biotechnologie: Die biologischen Grundlagen. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, Hong Kong: Springer-Verlag, 1993, 322 pages, 72 figures, 28 tables; DM 78,00. ISBN 3-540-56191-9 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 152-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140206
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  • 73
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    Investigations into the growth behaviour of a toluene-degrading Pseudomonas strain, taking the high vapour pressure of toluene into consideration (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 153-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A toluene-degrading Pseudomonas species isolated from waste water was studied with regard to its growth behaviour. The dependence of the growth rate on the pH value, on the toluene concentration and on temperature, as well as the O2 consumption of the isolate were determined. The fact that toluene is a highly volatile substrate, which is present both in the liquid and in the has phase of a reactor, was considered in the experiments. It is shown that the volatility of toluene has to be taken into consideration for an accurate determination of the toluene concentration in the medium.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140207
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    Biosensors - theory and applications. Lancaster, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.: Technomic Publishing Company, 1993 X + 219 pages, 58 figures; DM 185,55. ISBN 0-87762-975-7 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 162-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140208
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    Isolation and analysis of the total genomic DNA from the date palm (P. dactylifera L.) and related species (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 163-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The objective of this study was to adapt a plant DNA preparation procedure for the isolation of biologically active DNA and DNA with a high molecular weight from the date palm and other related palms. Mature leaf tissue extractions of the date palm, Phoenix dactylifera L., the coconut tree, Cocos nucifera, and the Mexican Fan Palm, Washingtonia robusta, were characterized for total genomic DNA yield, purity, integrity, as well as restriction digestion and ligation capabilities. It is demonstrated here that the DNA isolation procedure, modified for use with various palm leaf tissues, met the criteria for simplicity and low costs, and yielded DNA of high molecular weight (∼50 Kbp) and of sufficient purity suitable for molecular studies.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140209
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    Stability and stabilization of enzymes. Proceedings of an International Symposium, Masstricht, November 1992. Studies in organic chemistry, volume 47. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers, B. V., 1993 520 pages; US $ 242.75. ISBN 0-444-89372-5 (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 180-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140211
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    Oxygen transfer efficiency in the biosynthesis of antibiotics in bioreactors with a modified RUSHTON turbine agitator (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 181-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In this work, the oxygen mass transfer efficiency and power consumption in a non-biological system and an antibiotic biosynthesis process, using a modified RUSHTON turbine agitator, were investigated. It was demonstrated that a simple modification of the blades through the increase of the blade height, simultaneously with the discontinuation of the blade surface, could improve the oxygen transfer efficiency by about 30%.Experiments performed in stirred tank bioreactors with an overall volume of 20 m3, equipped with the modified RUSHTON turbine agitator, showed that the power consumption diminished by a factor of 1.18 to 1.6 during the fermentation processes of Streptomyces erithreus, Streptomyces griseus, Streptomyces noursei, and Nocardia mediaterranei, compared to the witness bioreactor.The use of the modified RUSHTON turbine for the antibiotic biosynthesis process may contribute to the decrease of the overall costs and the obtainment of better productivity, allowing an intensive utilization of power inputs for aeration and agitation.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140212
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    Stability studies of thermophilic anaerobic sludges under suboptimal feeding conditions and temperatures (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 193-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The behaviour of thermophilic anaerobic sludge from the UASB process was investigated under suboptimal conditions.Stability studies, carried out during the normal operation of the reactors, showed that a short-term decrease in temperature had no influence on the behaviour of the process.Nevertheless, interruptions in feeding and a long-term decrease in temperatures can produce very drastic effects on the stability of the system.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140213
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    Enhancement of methionine production by methionine analogue ethionine resistant mutants of Brevibacterium heali (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 199-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In order to improve the methionine yield of the isolate B. heali, attempts were made to isolate mutants resistant to the methionine analogue DL-ethionine after mutagenesis with N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethionine for B. heali was found to be 2 mM. After mutagenesis and screening, five mutants resistant to 50 mM of ethionine were isolated. The yield of the best ethionine resistant mutant, B. heali Br EthR250, was 13 mg/l of methionine medium under optimum cultivation conditions.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140214
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    Investigations of subtilisin (Novo type) immobilization on cellulose by means of various methods of support activation (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 205-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The immobilization of subtilisin, Novo type, on WHATMAN cellulose activated by the glutaraldehyde, diisocyanate, diazo-coupling, and S-triazine method, and on a dialdehyde derivative of cellulose has been studied. The best results of proteinase immobilization were achieved when cellulose was activated by hexamethylene diisocyanate. The preparations of a proteolytic activity of 70 PU/g of support and of an esterase activity of 2.3 EU/g of support were obtained with 14% and 38% yield, respectively.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140215
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    Conference announcement (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 210-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140216
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    Conference announcement (1994)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 14 (1994), S. 217-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370140218
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    Hormonal regulation of hepatic amino acid transportThese studies were taken from a dissertation presented by Mr. Michael S. Kilberg to the Graduate School, The University of South Dakota in partial fulfillment of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 6 (1977), S. 191-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: insulin ; glucagon ; transport ; amino acids ; diabetes ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The transport of 2-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) into liver tissue was increased by both insulin and glucagon. We have now shown that these hormones do not stimulate the same transport system. Glucagon, possibly via cAMP, increased the hepatic uptake of AIB by a mechanism which resembled system A. This glucagon-sensitive system could be monitored by the use of the model amino acid MeAIB. In contrast, the insulin-stimulated system exhibited little or no affinity for MeAIB and will be referred to as system B. On the basis of other reports that the hepatic transport of AIB is almost entirely Na+ dependent and the present finding that the uptake of 2-aminobicyclo [2,2,1] heptane-2-carboxylic acid (BCH) was not stimulated by either hormone, we conclude that system B is Na+ dependent. Furthermore, insulin added to the perfusate of livers from glucagon-pretreated donors suppressed the increase in AIB or MeAIB uptake. Depending upon the specificities of systems A and B, both of which are unknown for liver tissue, the insulin/glucagon ratio may alter the composition of the intracellular pool of amino acids.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400060205
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    Perspectives and limitations of resolutions-reconstitution experiments (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 6 (1977), S. 215-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: reconstitutions of ion pumps ; coupling factors of oxidative phosphorylation ; phospholipids ; role in ion pump activity ; mechanism of ATP-driven Ca2+ pump ; oxidative phosphorylation ; a new hypothesis ; ATPases of membranes ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Reconstitutions of membranous activities can tell us how many components are required and what their functions are. The mitochondrial proton pump is used as an example. Moreover, the biological activity, such as Pi transport, can be used in reconstituted vesicles as an assay during the isolation of the transporter.Reconstitution experiments reveal the importance of membrane asymmetry and allow us to study conditions of vectorial assembly.The mechanism of action of ion pumps has been successfully analyzed in reconstituted liposomes. We can study the movement of ions and the electrogenicity of the system without interference by other unrelated processes.Based on studies with the resolved Ca2+-ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum, we propose a novel formulation of the mechanism of ATP-driven ion pumps in which cyclic binding of Mg2+ plays a key role.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400060207
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    Cell shape and hexose transport in normal and virus-transformed cells in culture (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 6 (1977), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: sugar transport ; cell shape ; transformed chick cells ; methyl cellulose ; scanning electron microscopy ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The rate of hexose transport was compared in normal and virus-transformed cells on a monolayer and in suspension. It was shown that: (1) Both trypsin-removed cells and those suspended for an additional day in methyl cellulose had decreased rates of transport and lower available water space when compared with cells on a monolayer. Thus, cell shape affects the overall rate of hexose transport, especially at higher sugar concentrations. (2) Even in suspension, the initial transport rates remained higher in transformed cells with reference to normal cells. Scanning electron micrographs of normal and transformed chick cells revealed morphological differences only in the flat state. This indicates that the increased rate of hexose transport after transformation is not due to a difference in the shape of these cells on a monolayer.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400060102
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    Intracellular regulation of cell shape and motility in naegleria. First insights and a working hypothesisThis is the second paper in a series; the first is reference 1. A portion of this study was presented at the Fifteenth Annual Meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology (2). (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 6 (1977), S. 13-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: amoeboid movement ; calcium ions ; cell shape ; Naegleria gruberi ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Amoebae of Naegleria gruberi differentiate to temporary flagellates that have a regular, asymmetric, streamlined body contour. During the hour-long differentiation, amoeboid movement gradually ceases and as a consequence the cells round up. Subsequent elongation to flagellate shape includes the formation of a microtubular cytoskeleton. Both the loss of amoeboid motility and the formation of the flagellate shape require prior transcription and translation, suggesting the possibility that specific syntheses of RNA and protein may be required for each shape change. Flagellates can “revert” to motile amoebae within 20 sec after a suitable stimulus, indicating that the amoeboid motility system remains latent in flagellates. A cell-produced chemical factor extracted from Naegleria, Ψ, triggers a reproducible sequence of rapid shape changes in flagellates when added to their environment. Cells respond to the presence of external Ψ only “transiently,” and the reaction of flagellates to added Ψ requires extracellular Ca+2. Ionophore A23187 produces shape changes in flagellates similar to those produced by Ψ, supporting the conclusion that Ψ is involved in the movement of Ca+2. Normally Ψ is intracellular, and the intracellular distribution of Ψ changes during differentiation.These results lead to and support a working hypothesis to explain the rapid changes in shape and motility in Naegleria. Four elements are postulated: Ca+2; an actin-based amoeboid motility system that depends on free Ca+2 for functioning; a tubulin-based cytoskeleton that assembles and remains assembled only when free Ca+2 is low; and Ψ. The factor Ψ is postulated to regulate the intracellular release of Ca+2. According to the hypothesis, intracellular free Ca+2 is constantly swept up into Ca-reservoirs. Motility of amoebae depends on local release of Ca+2 from these reservoirs, which in turn is caused by the intracellular release of Ψ. During differentiation, Ψ is “compartmentalized” as part of the developmental program, and as a consequence intracellular Ca+2 is swept up into Ca-reservoirs but not released. As free Ca+2 becomes limiting, amoeboid movement stops, and the cells round up. Subsequently, in a process that depends on low free Ca+2, the microtubular cytoskeleton is assembled, and the flagellate shape is formed. During reversion of flagellates to amoebae, release of Ψ from its “compartments” permits local release of Ca+2, which then causes both disassembly of the flagellate cytoskeleton and immediate resumption of amoeboid movement. This testable hypothesis has implications for the study of cell shape, motility, and differentiation.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400060103
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    Accessibility of the carbohydrate moiety of membrane-bound rhodopsin to enzymatic and chemical modification (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 6 (1977), S. 291-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: rhodopsin ; retinal disk membranes ; galactosyl transferase ; fluorescent probes ; carbohydrate unit ; enzymatic modification ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Galactose was specifically inserted into the carbohydrate moiety of rhodopsin by incubating retinal disk membranes with UDP-galactose: N-acetylglucosamine galactosyltransferase. The stoichiometry of labeling ranged from 1.2 to 1.8 (average = 1.5) residues of galactose per molecule of rhodopsin, indicating that some or all of the oligosaccharide chains of membrane-bound rhodopsin are readily accessible to enzymatic modification. These modified membranes were treated with galactose oxidase to generate an aldehyde at the C-6 position of the inserted galactose units. The enzymatically-oxidized membranes were then reacted with dansyl hydrazide to yield a fluorescent hydrazone which is sufficiently stable to permit spectroscopic analysis. This procedure for the specific attachment of a spectroscopic probe should be applicable to a wide variety of membrane glycoproteins.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400060302
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    Defective transport of thymidine by cultured cells resistant to 5-bromodeoxyuridine (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 6 (1977), S. 363-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: thymidine transport ; nitrobenzylthioinosine ; bromodeoxyuridine resistances ; HeLa cells ; thymidine kinase ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: A line of HeLa cells resistant to 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BUdR) was established by continuous culture in growth medium containing BUdR; during the selection period, BUdR concentrations, initially 15 μM, were gradually increased to 100 μM. Cells of a clone (HeLa/B5) established from this line were also resistant to 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine (FUdR), but not to the free base, 5-fluorouracil. Although extracts of HeLa/B5 cells exhibited levels of thymidine kinase activity comparable to those of parental cells, rates of uptake of BUdR, FUdR, and thymidine into intact cells were much reduced. The kinetics of uptake of uridine and adenosine, nucleosides which appear to be transported independently of thymidine in HeLa cells, were similar for HeLa/B5 and the parental line (HeLa/0). Relative to thymidine uptake by HeLa/0 cells, that by HeLa/B5 cells was distinctly less sensitive to nitrobenzlthionosine (NBMPR), a specific inhibitor of nucleoside transport in various types of animal cells. Despite this difference in NBMPR sensitivity, both cell lines possessed the same number of high affinity NBMPR binding sites per mg cell protein. The altered kinetics of thymidine uptake and the NBMPR insensitivity of that function in HeLa/B5 cells suggest that resistance to BUdR is due to an altered thymidine transport mechanism.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400060309
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    Association of (Ca+Mg)-ATPase activity with ATP-dependent Ca uptake in vesicles prepared from human erythrocytes (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 6 (1977), S. 375-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: human erythrocytes ; ATP-dependent Ca uptake ; (Ca+Mg)-ATPase ; spectrin ; inside-out vesicles ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Ghost membranes prepared from human erythrocytes exhibit 2 distinct (Ca+Mg)-ATPase1 activities (Quist and Roufogalis, Arch Biochem Biophys 168:240, 1975). (Ca+Mg)-ATPase activity dependent on a water soluble protein fraction is selectively lost from ghost membranes during preparation of vesicles under low ionic strength, slightly alkaline conditions. In this study, the Ca2+ dependence of the remaining membrane bound (Ca+Mg)-ATPase activity and ATP-dependent Ca uptake in vesicles were compared. The C2+ activation curves for (Ca+Mg)-ATPase activity and Ca uptake into vesicles were parallel over a Ca2+ range of 0.3-330 μM, and both curves have 2 apparent KA values for Ca2+ of 0.45 and 100 μM. Addition of a concentrated soluble protein fraction containing predomintly spectrin to the vesicles increased (Ca+Mg)-ATPase activity over twofold but did not affect the rate of Ca uptake. These findings suggest that the (Ca+Mg)-ATPase activity remaining in vesicles after extraction of the water soluble proteins is associated with the Ca pump whereas (Ca+Mg)-ATPase activity dependent on the soluble protein fraction is associated with some other function.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400060310
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    Role of the membrane potential in serum-stimulated uptake of amino acid in a diploid human fibroblast (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 6 (1977), S. 179-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: valinomycin ; human fibroblast ; amino acid transport ; serum stimulation ; membrane potential ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The Na+-dependent accumulation of α-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB), measured in normal growing and quiescent (serum-deprived) HSWP cells (human diploid fibroblast), was found to be twofold higher (AIBin/AIBout = 20-25) under the normal growing conditions. Serum stimulation of quiescent cells increases their AIB concentrating capacity by approximately 70% within 1 hr. These observations suggest that the driving forces for AIB accumulation may be reversibly influenced by the serum concentration of the growth medium. Addition of valinomycin (Val) to cells preequilibrated with AIB causes an enhanced accumulation of AIB, suggesting that the membrane potential can serve as a driving force for AIB accumulation. After preequilibration with AIB in 6 mM K+, transfer to 94 mM K+ with Val results in a marked and rapid net loss of AIB. The effect of Val on the accumulation of AIB is greatest in quiescent cells, with the intracellular AIB concentrations reaching those seen both in Val-stimulated normal cells and in Val-stimulated serum-stimulated cells. By adjusting [K+]0, in the presence of Val, the membrane potential of growing cells can be matched to that of quiescent cells or vice versa. When this is done, the two accumulate AIB to the same extent. Hence the AIB accumulating capacity is characteristic of the membrane potential rather than of the growth state. In summary, these data suggest that the accumulation of AIB in HSWP cells is influenced by changes in membrane potential and that a serum-associated membrane hyperpolarization could be responsible for the increased capacity for AIB accumulation in serumstimulated cells.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400060204
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    The folate and thiamine transport proteins of lactobacillus casei (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 6 (1977), S. 239-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: folate ; thiamine ; transport ; binding proteins ; Triton X-100 ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Two separate binding proteins, one specific for folate and the other for thiamine, have been isolated from membrane fragments of Lactobacillus casei. Purification to homogeneity was achieved by fractionation of the Triton-solubilized proteins with microgranular silica (Quso G-32) and Sephadex G-150. Amino acid analyses revealed that the folate (Mr = 25,000) and thiamine (Mr = 29,000) binders have unusually low polarity constants, 0.32 and 0.26, respectively. Evidence obtained with intact cells has established a direct role for these binding proteins in transport of the corresponding vitamins: (A) In each case, the processes of binding and transport showed similarities in substrate affinities and repression by excess vitamin in the growth medium. (B) Competition studies employing amethopterin, 5-formyl tetrahydrofolate, and 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate (for folate) and thiamine monophosphate and thiamine pyrophosphate (for thiamine) have shown that the ability of these compounds to inhibit the transport of the corresponding vitamins is paralleled by their ability to inhibit binding. (C) Amethopterin-resistant mutants which are defective in folate transport have a comparable defect in ability to bind folate. (D) Amethopterin-resistant cells which (compared with the parent cell line) contain folate transport systems with altered affinities for amethopterin also contain binding proteins whose affinities for amethopterin have changed by equivalent amounts. (E) Both the transport and binding of folate by one of the mutants were stimulated (approximately 3-fold) in parallel by the addition of mercaptoethanol.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400060209
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    Masthead (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 6 (1977) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400060301
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    Plants interact with microbial polysaccharides (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 6 (1977), S. 599-616 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: plants ; polysaccharides ; elicitors ; phytoalexins ; Rhizobium ; nitrogen-fixation ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Plants are resistant to almost all of the microorganisms with which they come in contact. In response to invasion by a fungus, bacterium, or a virus, many plants produce low molecular weight compounds, phytoalexins, which inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Phytoalexins are produced whether or not the invading microorganism is a pathogen. The production of phytoalexins appears to be a widespread mechanism by which plants attempt to defend themselves against pests. Molecules of microbial origin which trigger phytoalexin accumulation in plants are called elicitors. Structural polysaccharides from the mycelial walls of several fungi elicit phytoalexin accumlation in plants. Approximately 10 ng of the polysaccharide elicits the accumulation in plants of more than sufficient amounts of phytoalexin to stop the growth of microorganisms in vitro. The best characterized elicitors have been demonstrated to be β-1,3-glucans with branches to the 6 position of some of the glucosyl residues. Oligosaccharides, produced by partial acid hydrolysis of the mycelial wall glucans, are exceptionally active elicitors. The smallest oligosaccharide which is still an effective elicitor is composed of about 8 sugar residues.Bacteria also elicit phytoalexin accumulation in plants, but the Rhizobium symbionts of legumes presumably have a mechanism which allows them to avoid either eliciting phytoalexin accumulation or the effects of the phytoalexins if they are accumulated. The lectins of legumes bind to the lipopolysaccharides of their symbiont, but not of their non-symbiont, Rhizobium. It is not known whether the lectin-lipopolysaccharide interaction is involved with the establishment of symbiosis. However, evidence will be presented that suggests that lectins are, in fact, enzymes capable of modifying the structurs of the lipopolysaccharides of their symbiont, but not of their non-symbiont, Rhizobium. It will also be shown that the lipopolysaccharides isolated from different Rhizobium species and from different strains of individual Rhizobium species have different sugar compositions. Thus, the different strains of a single Rhizobium species are as different from one another as the different species of Salmonella and other gram-negative bacteria. This conclusion is substantiated by experiments demonstrating that antibodies to the lipopolysaccharide from a single Rhizobium strain can differentiate that strain from other strains of the same species as well as from other Rhizobium species. The role in symbiosis of the strain-specific O-antigens is unknown.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400060413
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    Involvement of membrane sulfhydryls in the activation and maintenance of nutrient transport in chick embryo fibroblasts (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 7 (1977), S. 37-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: transport ; sulfhydryl oxidants ; p-chloromercuribenzenesulfonate ; glutathione maleimide I ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: At 5 μg/ml, insulin stimulates hexose, A-system amino acid, and nucleoside transport by serum-starved chick embryo fibroblasts (CEF). This stimulation, although variable, is comparable to that induced by 4% serum. The sulfhydryl oxidants diamide (1-20 μM). hydrogen peroxide (500 μM), and methylene blue (50 μM) mimic the effect of insulin in CEF.PCMB-S,1 a sulfhydryl-reacting compound which penetrates the membrane slowly, has a complex effect on nutrient transport in serum- and glucose-starved CEF. Hexose uptake is inhibited by 0.1-1 mM PCMB-S in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, whereas A-system amino acid transport is inhibited maximally within 10 min of incubation and approaches control rates after 60 min. A differential sensitivity of CEF transport systems is also seen in cells exposed to membrane-impermeant glutathione-maleimide I, designated GS-Mal. At 2 mM GS-Mal reduces the rate of hexose uptake 80-100% in serum- and glucose-starved CEF; in contrast A-system amino acid uptake is unaffected. D-glucose, but not L-glucose or cytochalasin B, protects against GS-Mal inhibition. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that sulfhydryl groups are involved in nutrient transport and that those sulfhydryls associated with the hexose transport system and essential for its function are located near the exofacial surface of the membrane in CEF.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400070105
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  • 95
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    Sialic acid uptake by BHK cells and subsequent incorporation into glycoproteins and glycolipids (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 6 (1977), S. 571-577 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: sialic acid uptake ; sialoglycoproteins ; sialoglycolipids ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: BHK cells can be grown in the presence of growth medium to which radiolabeled sialic acid has been added. After 24 h, 85% of the radioactivity in the cells is covalently bound to glycoproteins and glycolipids. No metabolism of the radiolabeled sialic acid could be detected.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400060410
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  • 96
    Electronic Resource
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    Properties of a penicillium GDP-mannose: Glycopeptide mannosyltransferase solubilized with triton X-100 (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 6 (1977), S. 579-589 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: mannosyltransferase ; glycopeptide ; GDP-mannose ; Penicillium ; phosphomannan ; galactofuranosyl ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Membranes from Penicillium charlesii were separated into 6 fractions by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation. The least dense fraction (ρ = 1.1 g cm-3) contained GDP-mannose: glycopeptide mannosyltransferases that transferred [14C] mannose onto mannopyranosyl-(seryl/threoyl)-polypeptide and phosphogalactomannan regions of peptidophosphogalactomannan. Approximately 90% of the [14C] mannose incorporated was isolated as mannobiose following treatment of peptidophosphogalactomannan with 0.5 N NaOH. The remainder was located in phosphogalactomannan. About 10% of the membrane-bound mannosyltransferase activity was solubilized with 1% Triton X-100. The soluble mannosyltransferase activity was purified by affinity chromatography on peptidophosphogalactomannan-Sepharose 4B and ammonium sulfate fractionation. Mannose incorporation was shown to be a function of the concentration of added acceptor. No incorporation occurred in the absence of added acceptor or when MgCl2 was substituted for MnCl2. Peptidophosphogalactomannan, phosphogalactomannan, phosphomannan, and mannan, each obtained by appropriate treatment of peptidophosphogalactomannan from P. charlesii, served as mannosyl acceptors. In contrast, α-mannosidase treated peptidophosphogalactomannan did not serve an acceptor of mannosyl residues. Up to 70% of the mannose from GDP-mannose was transferred to added acceptor. Treatment of [14C] mannosyl-labeled peptidophosphogalactomannan with 0.5 N NaOH released 90% of the [14C] mannose as phosphogalactomannan and the remainder was released as mannobiose. [14C] Mannose-labeled phosphogalactomannan was subjected to acetolysis. Mannobiose was the major [14C]-labeled product isolated. Significant quantities of [14C] mannose were isolated also. These results show that soluble mannosyltransferase catalyzes the formation of (1-6)-linked mannosyl residues as well as the transfer of a mannosyl residue to a (1-6)-linked mannosyl residue in the phosphogalactomannan. The specificity of the enzyme is shown by its inability to catalyze mannosyl transfer to α-mannosidase treated peptidophosphogalactomannan, or to incorporate more than 2 mannosyl residues onto the phosphogalactomannan region. Presumably the second mannosyl residue is attached by a (1-2) linkage as the mannan contains only (1-6)- and (1-2)-linked mannosyl residues (Gander et al: J Biol Chem 249:2063, 1974). No evidence was obtained for the participation of a lipid-linked mannosyl-containing intermediate in this system.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400060411
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  • 97
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    Cell surface carbohydrates of preimplantation embryos as assessed by lectin binding (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 7 (1977), S. 223-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: cell surfaces ; carbohydrates ; implantation ; lectin binding ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Preimplantation embryos were obtained from the uteri and oviducts of 2 strains of mice, Swiss CD-1 and B6 CBA. After removal of the zona pellucida by treatment with pronase, FITC-lectins were bound to the embryonic cell surfaces at either 4°C or 37°C. Both morula and blastocyst stage embryos bound the following lectins, FITC-ConA, FITC-WGA, FITC-RCAII and FITC-RCAI. No difference in binding was observed between the morula stage and the blastocyst stage within each mouse strain for each specific lectin. However B6 CBA embryos bound less FITC-ConA and FITC-WGA than the corresponding Swiss CD-1 embryos. The topographical arrangement of the lectin receptors was observed to differ between 4°C and 37°C for FITC-Con A, FITC-RCAII, and FITC-RCAI. While lectins bound at 4°C showed a pattern of continuous labeling, the same lectin at 37°C showed aggregation of lectin receptors into patches indicating lateral mobility of these receptors within the embryonic cell membranes. In contrast FITC-WGA bound at 4°C and 37°C demonstrated continuous labeling of embryos at both temperatures. FITC-fucose binding protein did not bind to Swiss CD-1 embryos.The invasiveness of trophoblastic cells of mouse blastocysts was studied by culturing isolated embryos without prior enzyme treatment on reconstituted collagen gels. After 4 days in BME containing only glutamine and bovine serum albumin as supplements, the embryos shed their zona pellucida and implanted into the collagen gel as indicated by zones of lysis in proximity to the embryonic cells when analyzed by scanning electron microscopy.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400070207
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  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DNA repair mechanisms (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 7 (1977), S. 1-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400070402
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  • 99
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    Interaction between cytoplasmic (Ca2+ - Mg2+) ATPase activator and the erythrocyte membrane (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 7 (1977), S. 301-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: cytoplasmic activator ; red blood cells ; membrane ATPase ; Ca2+ transport ; (Ca2+-Mg2+)ATPase ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Human red blood cells (RBC) contain a cytoplasmic, nonhemoglobin protein which activates the (Ca2+-Mg2+) ATPase of isolated RBC membranes. Results presented in this paper confirm that activation of (Ca2+-Mg2+)ATPase is associated with binding of the cytoplasmic activator to the membrane. Binding of the cytoplasmic activator is reversible and dependent on ionic strength and Ca2+. Cytoplasmic activator is sensitive to trypsin but is not degraded when intact RBC are exposed to trypsin. Cytoplasmic activator does not modify the (Ca2+-Mg2+)-ATPase of membranes from RBC exposed to activator prior to hemolysis. Thus, the activator is located in the cell and appears to act by binding to the inner membrane surface.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400070304
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the carbohydrate of sindbis virus glycoproteins with the carbohydrate of host glycoproteins (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 7 (1977), S. 371-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: Sindbis ; glycoproteins ; cell surface ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The carbohydrate portions of the Sindbis virus glycoproteins were compared with the carbohydrate portions of cell surface glycoproteins from uninfected host cells. Comparisons of the size of glycopeptides were made using gel filtrations. Comparisons of sugar linkages were made by methylation analysis. The conclusion was that the Sindbis carbohydrate is similar to a portion of the host carbohydrate. Thus, the Sindbis carbohydrate structures appear to be structures normally made in the uninfected host cell, but which are added to the Sindbis glycoproteins in virus-infected cells.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400070309
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