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  • 1995-1999  (3,147)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1995  (3,147)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (1,661)
  • Organic Chemistry  (965)
  • Genetics  (327)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging  (196)
  • Nuclear reactions
Source
Material
Years
  • 1995-1999  (3,147)
  • 1990-1994
Year
Keywords
  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface anatomy scanning (SAS) in intracranial tumours: comparison with surgical findings (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 94-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Surface anatomy scanning ; Brain tumours ; Cortical veins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We evaluated the usefulness of surface anatomy scanning (SAS) in intracranial tumours, comparing it with surgical findings. We examined 31 patients with brain tumours preoperatively. The tumours included 16 meningiomas, 8 gliomas, 4 metastases and 3 others. SAS clearly demonstrated the tumours, allowing them to be distinguished from the structures of the brain surface, including oedema, except in cases of metastasis. SAS clearly demonstrated large cortical veins. SAS is useful for three-dimensional delineation of the brain surface before surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588620
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  • 102
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Involvement of corpus callosum in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis shown by MRI (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 287-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Corpus callosum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Abnormal high signal in the corticospinal tracts on MRI has been described in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We report a case with further high signal in fibres of the corpus callosum on proton density and T2-weighted spin-echo images, closely matching findings of earlier pathological reports.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588334
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  • 103
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Langerhans cell histiocytosis involving the corpus callosum and cerebellum: gadolinium-enhanced MRI (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 289-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Histiocytosis ; Langerhans cell ; Brain diseases ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a systemic disorder consisting of abnormal histiocyte proliferation, in the form of focal deposits. Central nervous system involvement is most common in the hypothalamus, although other sites have been described, such as the cerebellum and the meninges. We present a case with presumed involvement of the corpus callosum and cerebellum, demonstrating gadolinium enhancement on MRI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588335
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  • 104
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atypical demyelinating lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 284-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Demyelination ; Multiple sclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe an atypical MRI appearance of multiple sclerosis (MS). Lesions characterized on T2-weighted images by a well-defined rim of increased signal intensity and a concentric region of higher signal intensity were seen in 6 of 132 patients with MS. On T1-weighted images these lesions were evident as regions of low signal intensity, often with a rim of contrast enhancement or increased signal intensity. These appearances tended to be shown by new, evolving lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588333
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  • 105
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI of spinal epidural lymphoma (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 303-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Spine neoplasm ; Lymphoma ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We reviewed the MRI features in eight patients with spinal epidural lymphoma (clinically primary in 4 patients); one patient had multiple lesions. The cervical spine was involved in one patient, the thoracolumbar spine in 5 and the sacrum in two. Mean longitudinal extension of the epidural lesion was 2.6 vertebral segments. The tumours were homogeneously isointense with the spinal cord on T1-weighted images and isointense or hyperintense on proton-density and T2-weighted images. The spinal cord was compressed in four patients but showed signal changes in only one. In five patients the lesions communicated through the intervertebral formaina with paravertebral soft tissue masses. In all but one of the patients diffuse signal changes in the vertebral body marrow consistent with osteolytic or osteobalstic changes were identified adjacent to or at distance from the epidural lesion. Vertebral collapse was observed in two patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588341
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  • 106
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atypical demyelinating lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 284-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Demyelination ; Multiple sclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe an atypical MRI appearance of multiple sclerosis (MS). Lesions characterized on T2-weighted images by a well-defined rim of increased signal intensity and a concentric region of higher signal intensity were seen in 6 of 132 patients with MS. On T1-weighted images these lesions were evident as regions of low signal intensity, often with a rim of contrast enhancement or increased signal intensity. These appearances tended to be shown by new, evolving lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588333
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  • 107
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Baseline and follow-up MRI of the internal auditory canal after suboccipital resection of acoustic schwannoma: appearances and clinical correlations (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 317-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Internal auditory canal ; Acoustic schwannoma ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Prospective baseline MRI was obtained on 31 patients who had “total” removal of acoustic schwannoma 6 months to 9 years previously. Follow-up MRI was performed after 1–2 years on patients with questionable abnormalities. We found four patterns (1) internal auditory canals (IAC) with nonenhancing soft-tissue strands, possibly scars or distorted residual nerves (8); (2) IAC with marginal enhancement-reactive dura mater (16); (3) IAC with contrast-enhancing globular tissues suggesting residual or recurrent tumour (5); (4) high-signal intensity in the IAC before contrast medium administration, probably related to graft with fat/fascia/muscle (2). Prospective 1- to 2-year follow-up studies were available in 8, 5, and 1 patients in groups 2, 3, and 4 respectively. In group 2, dural enhancement remained unchanged in 5 patients and decreased in 3. In group 3 follow-up showed 1 tumor recurrence (surgically confirmed) and 4 stable abnormalities. In group 4, follow-up in 1 of the 2 patients was stable. In groups 1 and 2, the MRI features correlate well with complete tumor removal. Whether follow-up in these groups is indicated needs to be determined. In group 3 residual or recurrent tumor cannot be excluded. In group 4, grafts may prevent adequate visualization of the IAC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588345
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  • 108
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mineralizing microangiopathy: CT and MRI (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 331-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Mineralizing microangiopathy ; Chemotherapy ; Radiotherapy ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mineralizing microangiopathy, a distinctive histopathologic process involving the microvasculature of the central nervous system (CNS), is usually seen following combined radiation and chemotherapy for the treatment of CNS neoplasms in childhood. CT typically demonstrates calcification within the basal ganglia and subcortical white matter. The areas of calcification may give paradoxically increased signal on T1-weighted MRI due to a surface-relaxation mechanism, and decreased signal on T2-weighted images.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588350
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  • 109
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Primary leiomyosarcoma of the spine (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 465-467 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Leiomyosarcoma ; bone ; Spine ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We present a 39-year-old man with tumour of the eighth thoracic vertebra, causing compression of the spinal cord. The tumour proved to be a primary leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of bone, an uncommon neoplasm; to our knowledge this is the first report of primary LMS in the spine. The lesion was documented by plain radiography, myelography, CT, MRI and digital subtraction angiography. These investigations did help to focus on the differential diagnosis and demonstrated the extent of the bony lesion, the findings were nonspecific, and the correct diagnosis was established by pathological examination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600095
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  • 110
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in paranasal sinus abnormalities found incidentally on MRI (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 471-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Paranasal sinuses ; Incidental finding ; Interval change ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Abnormal opacification of paranasal sinuses on brain MRI was studied in 178 consecutive adult patients who underwent two examinations separated by at least 4 months because of suspected neurological disease. Sinus abnormality was present in 79 (44 %) patients; in 60 % the abnormality involved two or more sinuses and it was bilateral in 51 %. The most frequently abnormal sinus was the maxillary (46 %), followed by the ethmoid (32 %), sphenoid (16 %), and frontal sinuses (6 %). Interval occurrence or complete resolution of abnormalities was observed in 52 % of patients (66 % of the sinuses). In the remaining 48 % of patients the abnormalities were present on two or more examinations, unchanged or of increased or decreased severity. The most frequent interval changing abnormalities were complete sinus opacification and fluid levels, followed by irregular mucoperiosteal thickening more than 4 mm thick. No polypoid abnormalities (polyps or mucosal cysts) decreased over time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600097
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  • 111
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic enhancement MRI of anterior lobe in pituitary dwarfism (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 486-490 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Dynamic contrast enhancement ; Pituitary dwarfism ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We examined 23 patients with pituitary dwarfism by dynamic MRI; with a repetition time of 150 or 50 ms. The time-enhancement difference curves of selected regions in the anterior lobes were plotted. Another 48 patients with no definite clinical pituitary disfunction were examined with the same technique. We found that the intensity of maximum enhancement in both groups was similar, but the time to achieve maximum enhancement was delayed in pituitary dwarfism with or without stalk transection; the time seemed longest with stalk transection. There was little difference in enhancement between patients with multiple hormone deficiency or isolated growth hormone deficiency. Dynamic MRI of the anterior lobes may be an important functional imaging study, and our results imply that poor perfusion is a useful finding in pituitary dwarfism, especially in patients without stalk transection and normal pituitary height.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600102
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  • 112
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Status epilepticus presenting as progressive dysphasia (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 438-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Progressive dysphasia ; Status epilepticus ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Status epilepticus is usually a straightforward diagnosis when a patient has two or more seizures without regaining consciousness. However, when status is nonconvulsive and, in particular, has a temporal lobe flavour the clinical presentation may be misleading. Presentation with automatic or psychic behaviour is well recorded. We report a patient with nonconvulsive status who presented with progressive dysphasia with widespread CT and MRI changes. The dysphasia and imaging changes led to a diagnosis of a probable neoplastic brain process but reversed with anticonvulsant treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600083
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  • 113
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cranial MRI in chronic thinner intoxication (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 443-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Chronic thinner intoxication ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied a 19-year-old man with thinner and toluene poisoning for 5 years by CT and MRI. Symmetrical lesions were seen in the basal ganglia and cingulate gyri.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600085
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  • 114
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI in spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 453-455 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Cerebrospinal fluid ; Rhinorrhoea ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied two patients with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhoea with MRI and other imaging modalities. T2-weighted images proved most useful for the detection and localisation of the CSF leakage. MRI appeared to provide an accurate and noninvasive method for preoperative investigation of spontaneous CSF rhinorrhoea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600091
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  • 115
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Idiopathic intracranial hypertension: orbital MRI (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 459-461 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension ; Visual loss ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Blood-retinal barrier
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The case is reported of a patient with idiopathic intracranial hypertension examined with magnetic resonance imaging. Marked enhancement of the optic nerve heads was found, which might be related to blood-retinal barrier breakdown related to a sudden rise in intracranial cerebrospinal fluid pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600093
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  • 116
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI of peripheral nerves and pathology of sural nerves in hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type III (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 496-499 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type III ; Sural nerve ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated two patients with herediatary motor and sensory neuropathy type III, one with Déjérine-Sottas disease and the other with congenital hypomyelination neuropathy based on nerve pathology and MRI of the sciatic nerve. On biopsy of the sural nerve of the patient with Déjérine-Sottas disease, myelin debris, indicating demyelination, was observed in an onion-bulb pattern surrounding myelinated fibres. In the patient with congenital hypomyelination neuropathy, onion bulbs were formed of two parallel layers of basement membrane. There was no evidence of myelin breakdown. On axial T2-weighted MRI, a severely hypertropied sciatic nerve containing multiple rounded lesions, suggesting inflammation or demyelination, was observed in the patient with Déjérine-Sottas disease. In contrast, the sciatic nerve of the patient with congenital hypomyelination neuropathy showed slight hypertrophy without demyelination. MRI of the sciatic nerve may represent a useful tool for characterisation of demyelinating disease and its prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600104
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  • 117
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI in spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 453-455 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Cerebrospinal fluid ; Rhinorrhoea ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied two patients with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhoea with MRI and other imaging modalities. T2-weighted images proved most useful for the detection and localisation of the CSF leakage. MRI appeared to provide an accurate and noninvasive method for preoperative investigation of spontaneous CSF rhinorrhoea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600091
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  • 118
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Septic arthritis in a lumbar facet joint: a rare cause of an epidural abscess (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 462-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Epidural abscess ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Gadolinium-DTPA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 10-year-old boy presented with a 7-day history of back pain and pyrexia. MRI showed an epidural abscess arising from septic arthritis in a lumbar facet joint. Whilst septic arthritis in a large joint is relatively common in children, epidural abscess is rare. This case illustrates how infection in a synovial joint may extend into the extradural space and might be the route of infection in more cases than has previously been recognised.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600094
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  • 119
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Meningioma presenting as a mass in the internal auditory canal (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 479-480 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Meningioma ; Internal auditory meatus ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe an entirely intracanalicular meningioma in a 49-year-old woman, mimicking an acoustic neuroma on CT cisternography and MRI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600100
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  • 120
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI of idiopathic orbital inflammatory syndrome using fat saturation and Gd-DTPA (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 475-478 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Idiopathic orbital inflammatory syndrome ; Orbital pseudotumour ; Fat saturation ; Gadolinium ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Idiopathic orbital inflammatory syndrome encompasses a group of inflammatory conditions for which no systemic or local cause can be found, and is commonly referred to as orbital pseudotumour. On conventional MRI sequences subtle areas of inflammation or enhancing tissue can easily be masked by the high signal intensity of orbital fat and involvement of the fat itself may not be appreciated. We describe the MRI features of three patients with idiopathic orbital inflammation using frequency-selective fat saturation and Gd-DTPA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600098
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  • 121
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI of peripheral nerves and pathology of sural nerves in hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type III (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 496-499 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type III ; Sural nerve ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated two patients with hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type III, one with Déjérine-Sottas disease and the other with congenital hypomyelination neuropathy based on nerve pathology and MRI of the sciatic nerve. On biopsy of the sural nerve of the patient with Déjérine-Sottas disease, myelin debris, indicating demyelination, was observed in an onion-bulb pattern surrounding myelinated fibres. In the patient with congenital hypomyelination neuropathy, onion bulbs were formed of two parallel layers of basement membrane. There was no evidence of myelin breakdown. On axial T2-weighted MRI, a severely hypertropied sciatic nerve containing multiple rounded lesions, suggesting inflammation or demyelination, was observed in the patient with Déjérine-Sottas disease. In contrast, the sciatic nerve of the patient with congenital hypomyelination neuropathy showed slight hypertrophy without demyelination. MRI of the sciatic nerve may represent a useful tool for characterisation of demyelinating disease and its prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600104
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  • 122
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential diagnosis of extra-axial intracranial tumours by dynamic spin-echo MRI (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 522-525 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Brain neoplasms ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Neuroma ; Meningioma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Dynamic MRI was performed on 22 patients with extra-axial intracranial tumours. Serial images were obtained every 30 s for 3 min using a spin-echo sequence (TR 200, TE 15 ms) after rapid injection of Gd-DTPA, 0.1 mmol/kg body weight. The contrast medium enhancement ratio (CER) was correlated with the histology of the tumours. Meningiomas and extra-axial metastases showed a sharp rise, then a gradual decline. Although both had a definite early peak of CER, metastases showed a more rapid decline. Neuromas and extra-axial lymphoma showed a slow, steady increase with no peak within 180 s. This study indicates that the CER is helpful in the differentiation of extra-axial tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00593708
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  • 123
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Classification of brain compartments and head injury lesions by neural networks applied to MRI (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 535-541 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Head injury ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Neural networks
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An automatic, neural network-based approach was applied to segment normal brain compartments and lesions on MR images. Two supervised networks, backpropagation (BPN) and counterpropagation, and two unsupervised networks, Kohonen learning vector quantizer and analog adaptive resonance theory, were trained on registered T2-weighted and proton density images. The classes of interest were background, gray matter, white matter, cerebrospinal fluid, macrocystic encephalomalacia, gliosis, and “unknown.” A comprehensive feature vector was chosen to discriminate these classes. The BPN combined with feature conditioning, multiple discriminant analysis followed by Hotelling transform, produced the most accurate and consistent classification results. Classifications of normal brain compartments were generally in agreement with expert interpretation of the images. Macrocystic encephalomalacia and gliosis were recognized and, except around the periphery, classified in agreement with the clinician's report used to train the neural network.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00593713
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  • 124
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gliofibroma: CT and MRI (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 481-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Brain neoplasms ; Gliofibroma ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe CT and MRI appearances in two children with pathologically proven gliofibromas, in the cerebrum and cerebellum. A striking finding was lack of high signal on T2-weighted MRI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600101
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  • 125
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) or ADEM-like inflammatory changes in a heart-lung transplant recipient: a case report (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 434-437 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis ; Transplantation ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; FK-506 ; Rabbit antithymocyte globulin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a white matter inflammatory disease which usually follows a viral infection or pharmaceutical intervention. We describe a case of presumed ADEM in a heart/lung transplant patient, the etiology of which cannot be elucidated. The fascinating aspect is the mode of clinical presentation and the rapid resolution of radiologic abnormalities. Histologic examination of the brain is provided in an attempt to elucidate the radiographic abnormalities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600082
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  • 126
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Symptomatic cervical spondylolysis (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 559-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Cervical spine ; Spondylolysis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a case of cervical spondylolysis, unusual in that it was associated with spinal cord compression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00593720
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  • 127
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Symptomatic cervical spondylolysis (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 559-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Cervical spine ; Spondylolysis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a case of cervical spondylolysis, unusual in that it was associated with spinal cord compression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00593720
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  • 128
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI of pineal region tumours: relationship between tumours and adjacent structures (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 624-630 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Pineal region tumours ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Germ cell tumours ; Pineal cell tumours ; Meningiomas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A variety of tumours may arise in the pineal region; accurate diagnosis is important in the selection of treatment and prognosis. A retrospective analysis of the MRI studies of 25 patients with pathologically proven pineal region tumours was performed, focused on the relationship between the tumour and neighbouring structures. Compression of the tectal plate was classified as expansive or invasive, and compression of the corpus callosum as inferior, anterior or posterior. In 10 of the 14 patients (71 %) with germ cell tumours tectal compression was of the invasive type; 8 patients (57 %) had multiple tumours and in 13 (93 %) the tumour margins were irregular. Teratomas were readily diagnosed because of characteristic heterogeneous signal intensity. Pineal cell tumours were differentiated from germ cell tumours by their rounded shape, solid nature, sharp margins, and expansive type of tectal compression. Meningiomas were characterised by their falcotentorial attachments, posterior callosal compression, and a low-intensity rim on T2-weighted images. Gd-DTPA injection enabled clear demonstration of the site and extent of tumour spread and was useful in differentiating cystic and solid components. The appearances described, while not pathognomonic, are helpful in the differential diagnosis of pineal region tumours, and valuable in planning appropriate treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050165
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  • 129
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    Varix occurring with cerebral venous angioma: a case report and review of the literature (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 29-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Cerebral varix ; Venous angioma ; Cerebral vascular malformation ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a patient in whom a varix occurred with a venous angioma, a rare combination of cerebral vascular malformations. During our review of the 7 previously reported cases, we discovered that all 8 venous angiomas were relatively large and supratentorial, and that the varices involved the veins draining then.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588515
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  • 130
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    MRI of intracranial germ cell tumors (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 32-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Germ cell tumour ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography ; Gd-DTPA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We reviewed MRI findings in proven intracranial germ cell tumours in 22 cases, 12 of whom received Gd-DTPA. On T1-weighted images, the signal intensity of the tumour parenchyma was moderately low in 19 cases and isointense in 3; on T2-weighted images, it was high in all cases. Regions of different intensity thought to be cysts were found in 17 (77%): 7 of 12 patients with germinoma (58%) and in all other cases. Of the 13 patients with pineal lesions T1-weighted sagittal images showed the aqueduct to be obstructed in 5, stenotic in 7 and normal in 1. Strong contrast enhancement was observed in all 12 cases. Of the 14 patients with suprasellar lesions, 5 were found to have an intrasellar extension, and in 3 of these, the normal pituitary gland, which could be distinguished from the tumour, was displaced anteriorly. Ten patients (45%) had multiple lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588516
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  • 131
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    Serial gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with mitoxantrone (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 113-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Gadolinium enhancement ; Multiple sclerosis ; Immunosuppression ; Mitoxantrone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Serial gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to monitor the effect of mitoxantrone in ten patients with rapidly deteriorating multiple sclerosis (MS). MRI was performed as a baseline and thereafter at 1,3,6,9,12 and 24 months. The total number of Gd-enhancing lesions diminished from 169 at baseline to 10 after 1 year and to 5 after 2 years. This reduction and the percentage of follow-up MRI studies showing no Gd enhancement were more pronounced than in other MRI studies of the natural course of MS. Measured with quantitative neurological scales, only one patient showed deterioration after 2 years; nevertheless, the changes in MRI were much more marked than those observed clinically. Serial Gd-MRI therefore, seems necessary for documenting efficacy in future therapeutic trails.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588624
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  • 132
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    Superficial siderosis in the central nervous system (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 127-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Central nervous system ; Siderosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe a rare entity, superficial siderosis of the central nervous system, due to multiple small episodes of subarachnoid haemorrhage from any source. Non-specific neurological findings are associated with deposition of ironcontaining pigments in the leptomeninges and superficial layers of the cortex. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging demonstrates characteristic low signal in the meninges.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588627
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  • 133
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    Intracranial epidermoid carcinoma: CT and MRI (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 155-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Epidermoid carcinoma ; Malignant epidermoid cyst ; Squamous cell carcinoma ; Cerebellopontine angle tumour ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a patient with an epidermoid carcinoma an extremely rare brain tumour, in the right cerebellopontine angle cistern. Contrast enhancement is the most important feature for differential diagnosis of epidermoid carcinomas from atypical benign epidermoid cysts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588635
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  • 134
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    Ependymomas of the posterior cranial fossa: CT and MRI findings (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 238-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Ependymoma ; Posterior cranial fossa ; Children ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography ; Brain tumours
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied nine children with posterior cranial fossa ependymomas to identify specific neuroradiological features. Patients were studied preoperatively with CT and MRI; T1-, T2- and proton-density (PD)-weighted images were obtained. All children underwent surgery and a definite histopathological diagnosis was made. All the tumours grew into the fourth ventricle and caused dilatation of its upper part, which resembled a cap. All but one were separated from the vermis by a cleavage plane. In eight cases there was desmoplastic development through the foramina of the fourth ventricle, and five were heterogeneous due to necrosis and cystic change; one had a haemorrhagic area. In most cases the solid portion was isointense with grey matter on T1-weighted images, hyperintense on PD weighting, and isointense on T2-weighted images. On CT the tumour was isodense in six cases and calcification was detected in four. The presence of both desmoplastic development and a tumour/vermis cleavage plane in a posterior cranial fossa tumour isodense on CT is highly suggestive of ependymoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01578265
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  • 135
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    Organising haematoma mimicking tumour on MRI following resection of acoustic neuroma (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 321-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography ; Acoustic neuroma ; Haematoma, subarachnoid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe a 26-year-old woman in whom an enhancing, intradural extramedullary mass was found at the craniocervical junction on MRI 3 years after resection of a large acoustic neuroma. The radiological appearances suggested a new tumour, raising the possibility of neurofibromatosis 2, provoking a review of family members in an attempt to confirm the diagnosis, as well as further surgery. Histology of the lesion revealed an organising haematoma, with no evidence of malignancy. The imaging features can be explained by the process by which blood clot in the subarachnoid space is resorbed. Caution is advised in interpreting CT or MRI after neurosurgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588346
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  • 136
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    Involvement of corpus callosum in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis shown by MRI (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 287-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Corpus callosum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Abnormal high signal in the corticospinal tracts on MRI has been described in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We report a case with further high signal in fibres of the corpus callosum on proton density and T2-weighted spin-echo images, closely matching findings of earlier pathological reports.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588334
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  • 137
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    Langerhans cell histiocytosis involving the corpus callosum and cerebellum: gadolinium-enhanced MRI (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 289-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Histiocytosis ; Langerhans cell ; Brain diseases ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a systemic disorder consisting of abnormal histiocyte proliferation, in the form of focal deposits. Central nervous system involvement is most common in the hypothalamus, although other sites have been described, such as the cerebellum and the meninges. We present a case with presumed involvement of the corpus callosum and cerebellum, demonstrating gadolinium enhancement on MRI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588335
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  • 138
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    Benign osteoblastoma of the temporal bone: MRI (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 326-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Osteoblastoma ; Skull ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated a 27-year-old woman with a retroauricular tumour. MRI revealed a signal void on T1- and T2-weighted images, and irregular enhancement with gadolinium-DTPA. The underlying dura mater also enhanced. The tumour was resected completely, and histological examination showed a benign osteoblastoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588348
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  • 139
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    Magnetic resonance tomographic angiography: diagnostic value in trigeminal neuralgia (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 353-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Trigeminal neuralgia ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; MR tomographic angiography ; Vascular compression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A combination of MRI, MR angiography and MR tomographic angiography (MRTA) was used to study the relationship of the root exit zone of the trigeminal nerve to surrounding vascular structures in seven patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and ten patients with no evidence at a lesion in this region. MRTA is the technique for showing the relationship between vessels, cranial nerves and brain stem. MRTA clearly demonstrated the presence of a vessel at the root exit zone of the trigeminal nerve in all patients with TN. In the ten other patients, examination of 20 trigeminal nerves revealed that only one nerve (5 %) was in contact with a vessel at the root exit zone. This study supports vascular compression of trigeminal nerves as a cause of TN, and demonstrates the value of MRTA as noninvasive technique for demonstrating compression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588010
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  • 140
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    Hyperhomocysteinaemia; with reference to its neuroradiological aspects (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 403-411 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Hyperhomocystei- naemia ; Premature arteriosclerosis ; Demyelination ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Severe or even mild hyperhomocysteinaemia can cause a wide range of neurological problems. In recent years its vascular complications, including cerebral stroke, in children and young adults have gained special interest, because hyperhomocysteinaemia is treatable and recurrence of vascular incidents may be preventable. Current knowledge about biochemical mechanisms leading to hyperhomocysteinaemia, the pathogenesis of vascular pathology and neurological disfunction, and the various patterns of cerebral damage are reviewed. The significance of MRI in diagnosis, follow-up and research on hyperhomocysteinaemia is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588024
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  • 141
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    Cranial MRI in chronic thinner intoxication (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 443-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Chronic thinner intoxication ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied a 19-year-old man with thinner and toluene poisoning for 5 years by CT and MRI. Symmetrical lesions were seen in the basal ganglia and cingulate gyri.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600085
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  • 142
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    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic resonance tomographic angiography: diagnostic value in trigeminal neuralgia (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 353-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Trigeminal neuralgia ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; MR tomographic angiography ; Vascular compression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A combination of MRI, MR angiography and MR tomographic angiography (MRTA) was used to study the relationship to the root exit zone of the trigeminal nerve to surrounding vascular structures in seven patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and ten patients with no evidence at a lesion in this region. MRTA is the technique for showing the relationship between vessels, cranial nerves and brain stem. MRTA clearly demonstrated the presence of a vessel at the root exit zone of the trigeminal nerve in all patients with TN. In the ten other patients, examination of 20 trigeminal nerves revealed that only one nerve (5%) was in contact with a vessel at the root exit zone. This study supports vascular compression of trigeminal nerves as a cause of TN, and demonstrates the value of MRTA as noninvasive technique for demonstrating compression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588010
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  • 143
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    Serial MRI changes in radiation myelopathy (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 374-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Spinal cord ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Myelopathy ; Radiotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Using MRI we assessed the changes in signal, size, and contrast enhancement characteristics of the cervical spinal cord in radiation myelopathy developing after radio-therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. We studied two men and five women, aged 40–77 years. The first MRI study was performed 1–4 months after the initial clinical manifestations of myelopathy, and follow-up MRI 2–22 months after the onset of symptoms. On the first study, all patients showed low signal intensity in a long segment of the cervical spinal cord on T1-weighted images, high signal on T2*-weighted images, and focal contrast enhancement at C1-2. In five patients there was also swelling of the spinal cord. The site of eccentric focal contrast enhancement correlated with the clinical manifestations. Follow-up imaging less than 10 months after the onset of symptoms showed no significant changes in signal intensity. Focal contrast enhancement at C1–2 remained the same in three patients, was more dense and larger in one, and less dense in another. Subsidence of swelling was seen in two patients. Atrophy of the spinal cord at C1–2, without abnormal signal and with faint contrast enhancement at C1–2 was revealed as early as 10 months after the onset of symptoms, but the contrast enhancement disappeared by 22 months. There was no correlation between clinical manifestations and spinal cord atrophy on MRI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588016
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  • 144
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    MRI in the investigation of patients with myelopathy thought to be due to multiple sclerosis (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 384-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Myelopathy ; Demyelinating disease ; Multiple sclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The role of cerebral and spinal cord MRI was investigated in 65 patients with myelopathy suspected of having demyelinating disease. Cerebral MRI demonstrated lesions compatible with demyelination in 80% and spinal cord MRI in 68.6%. In 28.5% of our patients brain lesions were present with normal spinal cord images, but in 17% spinal cord lesions were depicted with a normal brain MRI. The combination of the two examinations demonstrated lesions in 97% of the patients. The frequency of coexistent cerebral lesions in patients with spinal cord lesions was over 85% in patients with chronic disease but only 28.5% in patients with acute myelitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588019
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  • 145
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    Moyamoya disease: diagnostic accuracy of MRI (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 356-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Moyamoya disease ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Cerebral angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our purpose was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of MRI in moyamoya disease. We studied 30 patients with this disease, comparing MRI and angiographic findings. The diagnostic value of MRI was evaluated for occlusive lesions, collateral vessels, and parenchymal lesions. In all patients bilateral occlusion or stenosis of the supraclinoid internal carotid artery and proximal anterior and middle cerebral arteries was clearly shown by MRI, and staging of the extent of occlusion agreed with angiographic staging in 44 (73 %) of 60 arteries. MRI, particularly coronal images, clearly showed basal cerebral moyamoya vessels in 54 hemispheres, and 45 of a total of 71 large leptomeningeal and transdural collateral vessels were identified. MRI also showed parenchymal lesions in 48 (80 %) hemispheres, and the extent of occlusion in the anterior and posterior circulations respectively correlated with white matter and cortical and/or subcortical infarcts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588011
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  • 146
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    Resolution of pachymeningeal enhancement following dural puncture and blood patch (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 557-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Meninges ; Contrast enhancement ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe thickening and contrast enhancement of the intracranial pachymeninges, revealed by MRI in a patient with presumed low-pressure headache following dural puncture and a blood patch. The clinical and radiological abnormalities resolved within 2 weeks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00593719
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  • 147
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    1H and 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging of white matter signal hyperintensity areas in elderly subjects (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 615-623 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words White matter signal changes ; Normal aging ; N-Acetylaspartate ; Ischemia ; Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract White matter signal hyperintensities (WMSH) are commonly seen on MRI of elderly subjects. The purpose of this study was to characterize metabolic changes in the white matter of elderly subjects with extensive WMSH. We used water-suppressed proton (1H) magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) to compare six subjects with extensive WMSH with eight age-matched elderly subjects with minimal or absent WMSH, and phosphorus (31P) MRSI to compare nine subjects with extensive WMSH and seven age-matched elderly subjects without extensive WMSH. Relative to region-matched tissue in elderly controls, extensive WMSH were associated with increased signal from choline-containing metabolites, no significant change of signal from N-acetylaspartate, and a trend to a decreased phosphomonoester (PME) resonance. These findings suggest that WMSH may be associated with an alteration of brain myelin phospholipids in the absence of axonal damage. There were no differences in energy phosphates, consistent with lack of ongoing brain ischemia. Within the group with extensive WMSH, PME resonance measures were significantly lower in WMSH than in contralateral normal-appearing white matter. These results provide information on pathophysiology of WMSH and a basis for comparison with WMSH in Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, multiple sclerosis, and other diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050164
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  • 148
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    Carmofur-induced leukoencephalopathy: MRI (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 649-652 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Carmofur ; 5-Fluorouracil ; Leukoencephalopathy ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Carmofur, a derivative of 5-fluorouracil, has recently been noted to have an infrequent but serious association with leukoencephalopathy. To our knowledge, there has been no report of early MRI findings in this leukoencephalopathy. We describe a case in which diffuse high signal intensity of the entire cerebral white matter, including the corpus callosum, was seen on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images. Although similar findings can be seen in many other diseases, carmofur-induced leukoencephalopathy should be suspected in a patient treated with carmofur. It is important to know the clinical and MRI characteristics of this condition, for early diagnosis and better prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050170
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  • 149
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    Right atrial hemangiopericytoma with hemopericardium during infancy (1995)
    Springer
    Pediatric cardiology 16 (1995), S. 48-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1971
    Keywords: Cardiac tumor ; Hemangiopericytoma ; Infant ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A male infant with benign hemangiopericytoma of the right atrium is reported. His chief complaint was acute respiratory distress secondary to bloody pericardial effusion. Although the entire mass could not be removed surgically, there was no recurrence of cardiac tamponade or growth of the residual mass during a follow-up period of 3 years. This patient is, to our knowledge, the youngest one with primary cardiac hemangiopericytoma so far reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02310338
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  • 150
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    Left innominate vein compression by a brachiocephalic artery anomaly (1995)
    Springer
    Pediatric cardiology 16 (1995), S. 291-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1971
    Keywords: Innominate vein ; Brachiocephalic artery anomaly ; Angiocardiography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An unique case of left innominate vein compression by a leftward origin of a brachiocephalic artery in conjunction with an aberrant right subclavian artery anomaly occurred in a young patient. Aortography and magnetic resonance imaging were invaluable in arriving at a diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00798064
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  • 151
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    Clinical quiz (1995)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 9 (1995), S. 247-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Nephrotic syndrome ; Cerebral venous thrombosis ; Diagnosis ; Treatment ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00860761
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  • 152
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    Sex segregation ratio and gender expression in the genus Actinidia (1995)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 8 (1995), S. 129-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Sex control ; Disomic segregation ; Dioecy Kiwifruit ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The sex segregation ratio was checked in bi-parental families of Actinidia deliciosa (2n=6x=174) obtained by crossing four females (A12, Mo3, Br4, Hw1) with two males (T2, M1) and one fruiting male (M3h, subandroecious) according to a factorial mating design. The M3h fruiting male was also selfed. The sex ratio was checked in maternal families of A. kolomikta (2n=2x) and A. chinensis (2n=2x) as well as in A. deliciosa. Seedlings of both diploid species took 3–4 years to progress beyond juvenility, whereas a noticeable number of seedlings from biparental crosses of A. deliciosa involving A12 and Hw1 as seed parents were still non-flowering after seven growing seasons. Open-pollinated families of both diploid and hexaploid species as well as most families from biparental crosses showed a sex segregation ratio approaching 1∶1. Subandroecious lines with different degrees of ovary and pistil development appeared in proportions of 0–4.2%, depending on the cross, but only 6 of the 2567 male vines checked were capable of setting fruit. No case of self-fertility or apomixis was detected among 1866 bagged female vines. Selfed M3h progenies gave only female and male phenotypes in a ratio of 1 female to 3 males. No off-type vines were found among these progenies. The same disomic sex segregation ratio seems to be operating at different ploidy levels in the genus Actinidia. Since selfed fruiting males produced both female and male individuals, the male sex appears to be the heterogametic one. Such evidence indicates that a monofactorial system based on one or more linked genes or on an X/Y chromosome set must be controlling sex expression. How a monofactorial sex-determining mechanism could operate in polyploids to give a 1∶1 female: male ratio is discussed. Minor modifying gene(s) seem to be responsible for the feminization of males, and their expression appears enhanced by environmental conditions. Masculinizing gene(s) seem to be lacking in female genotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00242255
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  • 153
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    Opioid operant self-administration, analgesia, stimulation and respiratory depression inμ-deficient mice (1995)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 117 (1995), S. 23-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Opioid ; Genetics ; Self-administration ; CXBK/ByJ ; Reinforcement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract It is commonly thought thatμ-receptors play an important role in the reinforcing effects of opioids. In the present study, inbred strains widely divergent in CNS opiate receptor densities were used to investigate the influence of genetic variation in receptor concentration on opioid-reinforced behavior. In particular, the CXBK/ByJ mice were used as an investigative tool because of their significantly lower number of CNSμ opioid receptors. The behavioral pharmacology of opioids in theμ-deficient CXBK/ByJ mice was compared to other commonly used inbred mouse strains, C57BL/6J and BALB/cJ, and the opiate receptor rich CXBH/ByJ mice. Operant opioid reinforced behavior, opioid-induced locomotor stimulation, analgesia and respiratory depression were investigated in all four inbred strains. To assess the acquisition and maintenance of opioid reinforced behavior, oral self-administration of the potent benzimidazole opioid, etonitazene, was determined using an operant fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement (FR 8). Acquisition of etonitazene-reinforced behavior was established in all four strains including theμ-deficient CXBK/ByJ mice. However, there were significant genetic differences in the amount of drug intake during the maintenance of opioid-reinforced behavior and extinction behavior following vehicle substitution. For example, drug intake was significantly greater in the BK versus BH mice during the maintenance phase and an extinction burst was seen in the BH but not the BK mice following vehicle substitution. Thus,μ-receptor density may not account for individual variability in the acquisition of opioid-reinforced behavior under these conditions. Sensitivity to etonitazene-induced respiratory depression, stimulation of locomotor activity and analgesia were unrelated to drug intake during self-administration sessions across these four inbred strains. These data indicate that inherited differences in CNSμ-opiate receptor concentrations do not affect acquisition of etonitazene-reinforced behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245094
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  • 154
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    Chromosomal mapping of loci influencing sensitivity to cocaine-induced seizures in BXD recombinant inbred strains of mice (1995)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 117 (1995), S. 62-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Cocaine ; Quantitative trait loci ; Seizure ; Recombinant inbred strains ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Among inbred mice, genetic factors mediate differences in sensitivity to the convulsant properties of cocaine; however, the gene(s) underlying cocaine's effects have not been identified. To help elucidate the gene(s) responsible for cocaine seizure susceptibility, we used recombinant inbred-quantitative trait loci (RI-QTL) analyses to identify chromosomal loci associated with cocaine-induced seizures. RI-QTL analyses seek to identify associations between a quantitative measure of a particular phenotype and one or more previously mapped marker genes across a panel of RI strains. This report describes an RI-QTL analysis of cocaine seizure susceptibility among 26 BXD RI strains. These strains showed a skewed, bimodal range of seizure susceptibility which could be the result of one or more modifying genes acting in concert with a major gene to influence cocaine sensitivity. Correlating the percent seizures displayed by each strain following 60 mg/kg cocaine with chromosomal marker data for these strains revealed a number of significant correlations clustered in two regions on chromosomes 12 and 6. This is the first identification of putative chromosomal loci associated with a cocaine-related phenotype and should facilitate identification of the gene(s) underlying cocaine toxicity and other cocaine-related phenotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245099
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  • 155
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    Genetic counselling on brittle grounds: recurring osteogenesis imperfecta due to parental mosaicism for a dominant mutation (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 154 (1995), S. 123-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Osteogenesis imperfecta ; Collagen I ; Mosaicism ; Genetics ; Recurrence risk
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), a dominantly inherited connective tissue disorder, is usually caused by defects in collagen I. There is growing evidence for parental mosaicism that results in affected children born to unaffected parents. This situation poses a difficult task for the geneticist because a mosaic parent may appear clinically healthy while carrying the mutation in a fraction of her or his gonadal cells. To illustrate this problem, we report a Swiss couple whose first child was affected with severe OI. The unexpected recurrence of the disorder in the second child raised the suspicion of a recessive trait or, rather, of parental mosaicism. We identified the responsible collagen mutation in the COL1A2 gene (Gly688Ser in the α2(I)-chain) in both children and demonstrated the father to be a somatic mosaic for this mutation and to have subtle clinical signs such as soft skin and short stature that may be a result of his mosaic state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004310050261
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  • 156
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    Patent ductus venosus associated with a hyperintense globus pallidum on T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and pulmonary hypertension (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 154 (1995), S. 526-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Patent ductus venosus ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Basal ganglia ; Pulmonary hypertension ; Portosystemic encephalopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the case of a 13-year-old Japanese boy with a patent ductus venosus. He experienced mild disorientation and hallucination at age 8 years. Hyperammonaemia was discovered at age 12 years. Brain MRI demonstrated multiple intracranial hyperintense lesions, mainly in the globus pallidum, which suggested portosystemic encephalopathy. Patent ductus venosus was demonstrated by abdominal ultrasonography and angiography. Cardiopulmonary investigation revealed pulmonary hypertension. An intracranial hyperintense lesion observed on T1-weighted MRI may be an initial clue for discovering a patent ductus venosus in asymptomatic patients. Conclusion When patent ductus venosus is disclosed, pulmonary hypertension should be sought, as in cases with other portosystemic shunts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02074827
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  • 157
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    Patent ductus venosus associated with a hyperintense globus pallidum on T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and pulmonary hypertension (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 154 (1995), S. 526-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Patent ductus venosus ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Basal ganglia ; Pulmonary hypertension ; Portosystemic encephalopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Abstract We report the case of a 13-year-old Japanese boy with a patent ductus venosus. He experienced mild disorientation and hallucination at age 8 years. Hyperammonaemia was discovered at age 12 years. Brain MRI demonstrated multiple intracranial hyperintense lesions, mainly in the globus pallidum, which suggested portosystemic encephalopathy. Patent ductus venosus was demonstrated by abdominal ultrasonography and angiography. Cardiopulmonary investigation revealed pulmonary hypertension. An intracranial hyperintense lesion observed on T1-weighted MRI may be an initial clue for discovering a patent ductus venosus in asymptomatic patients. Conclusion When patent ductus venosus is disclosed, pulmonary hypertension should be sought, as in cases with other portosystemic shunts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02074827
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  • 158
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    Floating-Harbor syndrome: description of a further patient, review of the literature, and suggestion of autosomal dominant inheritance (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 154 (1995), S. 658-661 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Floating-Harbor syndrome ; Growth retardation ; Dysmorphology ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Abstract The Floating-Harbor syndrome is a growth retardation syndrome with delayed bone age, speech development, and typical facial features. The face is triangular with deep-set eyes, long eyelashes, bulbous nose, wide columella, short philtrum, and thin lips. We present an additional patient and review 16 cases from the literature. The possible phenotype in the patient's mother suggests a dominant mode of inheritance for the syndrome. Conclusion The Floating Harbor syndrome is a growth deficiency syndrome characterized by proportionate short stature, characteristic face and delayed speech development. Inheritance is possibly autosomal dominant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02079072
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  • 159
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    Haemodynamic changes in lumbar nerve root entrapment due to stenosis and/or herniated disc of the lumbar spinal canal — a magnetic resonance imaging study (1995)
    Springer
    European spine journal 4 (1995), S. 220-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; herniated disc ; Spinal stenosis ; Oedema ; Venous stasis ; Capillarisation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A prospective MRI study was carried out to assess the secondary changes in patients with stenosis and/or herniated disc of the lumbar spinal canal. The study covered 100 patients who had low back and leg pain due to such processes. Of these, 60 patients (group A) had a monoradicular pain pattern, average duration 2 months, due to a herniated lumbar disc. The remaining 40 patients (group B) had acute exacerbation of their chronic low back and leg pain, due to stenosis and herniated disc. As a control group, 5 asymptomatic volunteers with neither stenosis nor herniated disc on MRI were examined. All the patients and volunteers were examined by MRI with several sequences: partial saturation recovery with phase contrast PS (500/10), spin echo SE (500/20), short TI inversion recovery STIR (1900/135/30) and, for the dynamic study, field-gradient echo sequences FAST (50/15): 10 frames in 200 s. In all participants, Gd-DTPA was administered intravenously. In 8 of the patients of group B capillarisation in the protruded nucleus tissue was demonstrated on the PS sequence after Gd-DTPA administration. This tissue also showed decreased signal intensity on the STIR sequence. The capillarisation extended into the centre of the disc. Venous stasis could be verified in all of the 100 patients. An oedema could be verified in all patients of group A; in 20%, its size exceeded that of the herniated disc. In group B, an oedema was seen in only 12 patients. In the control group, no haemodynamic changes were seen. Using MRI, it is possible to define the border between herniated disc tissue and perifocal oedema. In consequence, in cases of acute pain syndromes in patients with herniated discs where oedema is predominant, taking immediate measures to decrease the oedema could be justified. In cases of stenosis, MRI can demonstrate its extent and any associated secondary changes. In patients with multi-level narrowing processes and atypical symptoms, haemodynamic MRI studies may be an important diagnostic tool for finding the symptomatic level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303414
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  • 160
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    Exogenous lumbar spondylodiscitis following a stabwound injury and vertebral fracture (1995)
    Springer
    European spine journal 4 (1995), S. 357-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Exogenous lumbar spondylodiscitis ; Vertebral body fracture ; Stab wound ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Exogenous spondylodiscitis is a rare event and is usually iatrogenic. Non-iatrogenic exogenous spondylodiscitis has been described in the literature following transabdominal gunshot wounds associated with injury to the intestines and spine. Several cases of traumatic meningitis and one of a traumatic meningocele following an injury of the spinal sac have been reported. No report of exogenous spondylodiscitis complicating a stabwound has been published. This is a report of exogenous spondylodiscitis following a paravertebral stabwound with a knife in association with a superior wedge fracture of L2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300297
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  • 161
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    Acute MRI changes in infectious discitis: report on two cases (1995)
    Springer
    European spine journal 4 (1995), S. 360-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Infective discitis ; Early diagnosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Previous reports suggest that MRI changes should be seen within 48h of symptoms arising. We report on two patients with proven discitis at the L5/S1 disc. MRI performed within 60h of the onset of symptoms did not demonstrate evidence of infection and therefore did not confirm the diagnosis of discitis. The reliability of early MRI to confirm infective discitis is questionable. The cases we report on did not display any of the typical changes of discitis on MRI within the first 48h after the onset of symptoms. Absence of typical infective changes on MRI does not necessarily exclude an infection within the disc space.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300298
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  • 162
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    Electronic Resource
    Schmorl's nodes and low-back pain (1995)
    Springer
    European spine journal 4 (1995), S. 56-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Schmorl's node ; Bone marrow ; Inflammation ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Magnetic resonance imaing (MRI) findings in cases with symptomatic and asymptomatic Schmorl's nodes have been analysed. In all symptomatic cases, the vertebral body marrow surrounding the Schmorl's node was seen as low signal intensity on T1-weighted images and as high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. It was confirmed by histological examination that the MRI findings indicated the presence of inflammation and oedema in the vertebral bone marrow. These MRI findings were not seen in asymptomatic individuals. Inflammatory changes in the vertebral body marrow induced by intraosseous fracture and biological reactions to intraspongious disc materials might cause pain. We postulate that after fracture healing and subsidence of inflammation, the Schmorl's nodes become asymptomatic, in analogy with old vertebral compression fractures. MRI is not only useful in detecting the recently developed Schmorl's nodes but also in differentiating between symptomatic and asymptomatic Schmorl's nodes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298420
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  • 163
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    Electronic Resource
    Spinal arachnoiditis ossificans (1995)
    Springer
    European spine journal 4 (1995), S. 60-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Arachnoiditis ossificans ; Three-dimensional computed tomography scanning ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The histories of two patients with arachnoiditis ossificans leading to severe neurological impairment are presented. Analysis of these cases highlights the importance of three-dimensional (3 D) computed tomography (CT) scanning for the establishment of the diagnosis and in postoperative assessment of this rare disease, whereas magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is less useful. The neurological function in both cases improved following re-exploration operations in which the whole length of the dural sac covering the intradural ossific lesions was freed totally from external obstructions imposed by the covering laminae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298421
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  • 164
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    Magnetic resonance imaging findings of the lumbar root pathway in patients over 50 years old (1995)
    Springer
    European spine journal 4 (1995), S. 71-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Lumbar spine ; Root pathway ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Dorsal root ganglia ; Failed back surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In patients with degenerative disease of the lumbar spine, stenosis not only in the entrance zone but also in the mid- and exit zones of the nerve root pathway can occur. With the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it has become easier to assess stenosis of the root pathway, especially in the mid- and exit zones. T1-weighted sagittal images in the lateral facet plane show the state of the exit zone. I studied the incidence of severe exit-zone stenosis of L3-5 roots in 45 patients aged over 50 years 15 in their fifties, 15 in their sixties, and 15 in their seventies) by MRI and assessed the results on the basis of age, intervertebral disc degeneration, and disc height. I also studied the relationship between clinical symptoms and severe stenosis in both entrance and exit zones of the L4 and L5 roots. The incidence of severe exit-zone stenosis at the L3 root was 20% at all ages. On the other hand, L4 and L5 nerve root stenosis increased with age and severe stenosis affected 70% of L4 roots and 80% of L5 roots in patients in their seventics. The incidence of deformation or disappearance of the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was 10% or less at L3 and L5 roots, while it was 10% at L4 root. The incidence of severe stenosis both in entrance and exit zones in a single root was 20% at L4 root in all age groups, while it was 19% of patients in their fifties and increased to 29% of patients in their sixties and then 46% of patients in their seveties at L5 root. This study showed the high frequency of root pathway stenosis at L4 and L5 in the degenerative lumbar spine. However, not all patients with exit stenosis suffered from radicular symptoms. Stenosis in the mid- and exit zones of the root pathway has been an important factor in failed back surgery. It seems to be important to determine whether entrance, mid- and exit zone stenosis exist or not in order to clarify the pathological conditions of patients, especially in disorders affecting L4 and L5 nerve roots. T1-weighted MRI images can provide useful information concerning lesions in the mid- and exit zones in the degenerative lumbar spine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00278915
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  • 165
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    Electronic Resource
    Scoliosis as the first sign of a cystic spinal cord lesion (1995)
    Springer
    European spine journal 4 (1995), S. 284-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Chiari malformation ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Scoliosis ; Syringomyelia ; Sensory testing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We reviewed the cases of ten patients with scoliosis as the first sign of a cystic spinal cord lesion with the aim of identifying and studying early patient and curve characteristics. All patients were examined with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the brain and spinal cord and quantitative thermal testing (QTT). The mean Cobb angle was 22° and the curves were right thoracic in seven patients, left thoracic in two, and left lumbar in one, when first seen for scoliosis. In six patients the cystic lesion was found in routine screening for syringomyelia, which is performed in all cases of congenital and juvenile scoliosis and in adolescent scoliosis before bracing. In four patients, it took up to 17 years following the initial diagnosis of scoliosis before neurologic deterioration warranted MR imaging, disclosing two Chiari I associated syrinxes and two cystic spinal cord tumors. QTT revealed a subelinically decreased sensation in two of the patients with no findings other than scoliosis. It also verified the decreased sensation in all patients in whom neurologic deterioration had complicated the clinical course of their scoliosis. More frequent spinal MR screening of patients with supposed juvenile or adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is indicated, regardless of curve type, to exclude a neurogenic cause. QTT documents subclinical as well as overt decreased sensation, and is valuable in the serial follow-up of these patients to monitor the progress or the response to treatment of the cystic lesion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301035
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  • 166
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    Electronic Resource
    Anterior evacuation of a spontaneous cervical epidural hematoma (1995)
    Springer
    European spine journal 4 (1995), S. 257-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Hematoma ; Epidural ; Spinal cord compression ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The case of a spontaneous cervical epidural hematoma treated by anterior corporectomy and arthrodesis is reported. An anterior approach is preferable when an epidural hematoma is anterior to the dural sac and when MRI shows an aspect of old clotted blood that can not be easily evacuated by a posterior laminectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303422
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  • 167
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    Magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of an aortocoronary saphenous vein graft aneurysm (1995)
    Springer
    CardioVascular & interventional radiology 18 (1995), S. 330-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-086X
    Keywords: Aneurysm ; Aortocoronary graft ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Coronary artery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allowed the diagnosis of an atherosclerotic aneurysm of a long-standing aortocoronary saphenous vein graft, initially not depicted by selective coronary graft arteriography due to low flow within the lumen, caused by a stenosis of the proximal graft limb.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203687
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  • 168
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    Electronic Resource
    Fetal brain disruption sequence in sisters (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 154 (1995), S. 654-657 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Fetal development ; Brain diseases ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report two female siblings with the fetal brain disruption sequence. Extensive investigation of both children failed to define a definitive aetiology but clinical and laboratory findings are consistent with a hitherto unknown storage disease. We postulate that the accumulation of a neurotoxic metabolite may be responsible for the disease phenotype observed. This is the first report of recurrence of the fetal brain disruption sequence and supports the existence of a genetic form of this condition. Previous reports have emphasized possible environmental aetiologies. Infants with fetal brain disruption sequence should be investigated exhaustively and, in the absence of definitive evidence of an environmental cause, the possibility of a genetic aetiology should be considered. In some families the recurrence risk may be as high as one in four.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02079071
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  • 169
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    Electronic Resource
    Fetal brain disruption sequence in sisters (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 154 (1995), S. 654-657 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Fetal development ; Brain diseases ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report two female siblings with the fetal brain disruption sequence. Extensive investigation of both children failed to define a definitive aetiology but clinical and laboratory findings are consistent with a hitherto unknown storage disease. We postulate that the accumulation of a neurotoxic metabolite may be responsible for the disease phenotype observed. This is the first report of recurrence of the fetal brain disruption sequence and supports the existence of a genetic form of this condition. Previous reports have emphasized possible environmental aetiologies. Infants with fetal brain disruption sequence should be investigated exhaustively and, in the absence of definitive evidence of an environmental cause, the possibility of a genetic aetiology should be considered. In some families the recurrence risk may be as high as one in four.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004310050366
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  • 170
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    Floating-Harbor syndrome: description of a further patient, review of the literature, and suggestion of autosomal dominant inheritance (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 154 (1995), S. 658-661 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Floating-Harbor ; syndrome ; Growth retardation ; Dysmorphology ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The Floating-Harbor syndrome is a growth retardation syndrome with delayed bone age, speech development, and typical facial features. The face is triangular with deep-set eyes, long eyelashes, bulbous nose, wide columella, short philtrum, and thin lips. We present an additional patient and review 16 cases from the literature. The possible phenotype in the patient's mother suggests a dominant mode of inheritance for the syndrome. Conclusion The Floating Harbor syndrome is a growth deficiency syndrome characterized by proportionate short stature, characteristic face and delayed speech development. Inheritance is possibly autosomal dominant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004310050367
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  • 171
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    Paroxysmal dysarthria and ataxia in a patient with Behçet's disease (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 242 (1995), S. 344-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Neuro-Behçet's disease ; Paroxysmal dysarthria-ataxia ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The paroxysmal attacks which are frequently encountered in the course of multiple sclerosis (MS) are characterised by their sudden onset, short duration and frequent repetition. Such attacks have also been reported in some other diseases affecting the CNS, such as systemic lupus erythematosus. However, to our knowledge, they have not been reported in neuro-Behçet's disease (NBD). A patient with NBD who developed paroxysmal dysarthriaataxia attacks is presented, and the similarity of some clinical, laboratory, and neuroradiological aspects of NBD and MS are discussed with special emphasis on magnetic resonance imaging findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00878879
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  • 172
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    Magnetic resonance angiography of spontaneous vertebral artery dissection suspected on Doppler ultrasonography (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 242 (1995), S. 430-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Angiography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Ultrasonography ; Vertebral artery dissection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Spontaneous vertebral artery dissection (VAD) is a rare but well-known cause of cerebrovascular disease and is often difficult to diagnose even using conventional arteriography. While noninvasive tests such as Doppler ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have failed to provide reliable criteria for the diagnosis of VAD, the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) has not yet been undetermined. To establish the reliability of a combined noninvasive approach, 11 patients were prospectively examined for VAD by means of colour-coded duplex studies, MRI and three-dimensional time-of-flight MRA prior to conventional angiography. Among 11 patients with VAD suspected clinically as well as on Doppler ultrasonography, angiography confirmed the diagnosis in seven patients but found a vertebral artery occlusion in three and a vertebral artery stenosis in one. The combination of MRI and MRA findings led to the correct diagnosis of dissection in three patients, of vertebral artery occlusion in three patients, and of vertebral artery stenosis in one. VAD was misinterpreted as vertebral artery occlusion in four patients. Doppler ultrasonography is a valuable screening method for the detection of vertebral artery pathologies. The diagnosis of VAD can only be established if a typical intramural vessel wall haematoma is seen on T1-weighted MRI in combination with MRA findings of irregular artery stenosis or occlusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00873545
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  • 173
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    Acute myelopathy of unknown aetiology: a clinical, neurophysiological and MRI study of short-and long-term prognostic factors (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 242 (1995), S. 497-503 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Acute myelopathy ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Evoked potentials ; Multiple sclerosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Brain and spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), multimodal evoked potentials (EPs) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis were performed in 27 patients with acute myelopathy of unknown aetiology (AMUA), to detect the diagnostic and prognostic values of paraclinical tests at presentation. Spinal cord MRI was abnormal in 56% and brain MRI in 33% of the patients. Visual EPs were abnormal in 7%, median somatosensory EPs in 17%, tibial somatosensory EPs in 56% and motor EPs in 35% of the cases examined. Brain-stem acoustic EPs were normal in all the patients. CSF oligoclonal bands (OBs) were detected in 30% of cases. The patients were divided into subgroups according to the short-term clinical outcome (complete, partial or absent recovery). There were no significant differences among the three groups as regards MRI findings. Patients with complete recovery showed a significantly lower frequency of tibial somatosensory EP and motor EP abnormalities. According to the paraclinical findings at onset and on the basis of a long-term clinical follow-up (mean duration 24 months), 6 patients were diagnosed as having clinically definite multiple sclerosis, while 21 did not develop further neurological disturbances. Only the presence of CSF OBs was significantly more frequent in patients with definite multiple sclerosis. Our study indicates that EPs exploring spinal cord function are more powerful than spinal MRI for predicting the short-term outcome of AMUA, while the combined use of brain MRI and CSF OBs has the highest negative predictive value for the subsequent development of clinically definite multiple sclerosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00867419
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  • 174
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    A genetic study of idiopathic focal dystonias (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 242 (1995), S. 508-511 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Dystonia ; Torticollis ; Blepharospasm ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The inheritance of focal dystonias was investigated in 43 families containing 43 index cases with torticollis (n = 21), blepharospasm (n = 18) and writer's cramp (n = 4). They generated a potential population of 235 first-degree relatives, and 168 out of 179 living first-degree relatives were examined. Ten relatives with dystonia were identified in ten families. Another two parents from two of the same group of ten families were affected according to the family history. The majority of the secondary cases (six patients, five siblings, and one child) were not aware of any dystonia. The tendency for affected relatives to have the same type of dystonia as index patients was observed only for torticollis. Overall, 23% of index patients had relatives with dystonia. Segregation analysis suggested the presence of an autosomal dominant gene or genes with reduced penetrante underlying focal dystonia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00867421
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  • 175
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    Fixation instability and oculomotor abnormalities in Friedreich's ataxia (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 242 (1995), S. 517-521 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Friedreich's ataxia ; Fixation instability ; Oculomotor abnormalities ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Eye movements were studied in 13 patients with Friedreich's ataxia and correlated with MRI findings to investigate whether oculomotor abnormalities can be traced to cerebellar disturbances in this disease. One of the most prominent eye signs was fixation instability (square-wave jerks, SWJ.). Besides SWJ the patients showed various combinations of cerebellar, vestibular and brain-stem oculomotor signs. Our patients did not comprise a homogeneous group with regard to their oculomotor findings. There was no correlation between the severity of any of the so-called cerebellar oculomotor disturbances and the number of SWJ. We tried to correlate the extent of oculomotor disturbances with floccular atrophy and atrophy of the dorsal vermis on MRI in seven of the patients. None of the oculomotor features (including SWJ) correlated with flocculus or dorsal vermis size. Furthermore, floccular and vermal measurements on MRI were normal. Accordingly, we think it unlikely that the oculomotor disturbances, including SWJ, are attributable to cerebellar pathology per se.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00867423
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  • 176
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    Visual assessment of medial temporal lobe atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging: Interobserver reliability (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 242 (1995), S. 557-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Interobserver agreement ; Medial temporal lobe atrophy ; Alzheimer's disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We conducted an interobserver study to assess agreement on visual rating of medial temporal lobe atrophy on coronal T1-weighted MRI. A total of 100 studies of elderly individuals, using two different MRI techniques (spin echo and inversion recovery sequences), were analysed by four raters (three neurologists and one neuroradiologist) using a five-point rating scale. Complete agreement was found in 37% of the total sample. Interobserver agreement as expressed by kappa values was 0.44 (95% CIl0.34–0.54) and 0.51 (95% Cl=0.41–0.61) for the two techniques. After dichotomizing medial temporal lobe atrophy into present or absent, a post hoc analysis revealed higher complete agreeement (70%), with kappa values of 0.59 (95% Cl=0.51–0.67) and 0.62 (95% Cl=0.48–0.075), for the two techniques (all four raters). From this study we conclude that visual rating of medial temporal lobe atrophy on MRI in the coronal plane yields fair to good agreement among observers. We recommend this type of visual rating for use in clinical settings when a quick judgement on the presence of medial temporal lobe atrophy is needed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00868807
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  • 177
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    Electronic Resource
    Repetition and the arcuate fasciculus (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 242 (1995), S. 596-598 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Repetition ; Arcuate fasciculus ; Conduction aphasia ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Cortical stimulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract According to the traditional model of language organization, repetition deficits arise following damage to the arcuate fasciculus of the dominant hemisphere (conduction aphasia). Conduction aphasia may result from lesions that spare the arcuate fasciculus. However, these patients have atypical language organization. We describe a man with normal language architecture who underwent a resection of the anterior portion of his arcuate fasciculus and retained his ability to repeat words and sentences. We propose that the arcuate fasciculus is not necessary for speech repetition by the lexical route.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00868813
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  • 178
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    Cranial MRI in idiopathic retinal vasculitis (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 242 (1995), S. 174-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Retinal vasculitis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Multiple sclerosis ; Optic neuritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Ten patients with clinically isolated idiopathic retinal vasculitis who had a positive family history for multiple sclerosis (MS) or positive typing for HLA B7 underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain and optic nerves in order to establish the frequency of clinically silent lesions. Brain MRI was normal in seven and abnormal in three: one had a single small white matter lesion, two had extensive white matter abnormalities resembling those seen in MS. In two patients a lesion was shown in the optic nerve. These findings suggest that a minority of patients with idiopathic retinal vasculitis have disseminated central nervous system lesions characteristic of MS, the frequency of such changes being less than in patients with isolated optic neuritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936892
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  • 179
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    The medullary vascular syndromes revisited (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 242 (1995), S. 195-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Medullary syndrome ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Brainstem infarction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract There are two major vascular syndromes of the medulla oblongata: the medial and the lateral. The medial medullary syndrome is characterized by the triad of ipsilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy with contralateral hemiparesis and loss of deep sensation. Lateral medullary infarction commonly presents with Homer's syndrome, ataxia, alternating thermoanalgesia, nystagmus, vertigo and hoarseness. Combinations of the two major syndromes occur as bilateral medial medullary, hemi-medullary and bilateral lateral medullary syndromes. Each of these syndromes frequently manifests with incomplete or atypical findings depending on the extent of the lesion. Magnetic resonance imaging has been useful in the clinical diagnosis of medullary infarctions. The site of the lesion may help predict the arteries involved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00919591
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  • 180
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    Spontaneous internal carotid artery dissection: Early diagnosis and management in 44 patients (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 242 (1995), S. 231-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Carotid artery disease ; Dissection ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Ultrasonics ; Anticoagulants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract First symptoms and initial clinical, ultrasonographic and neuroradiological findings ascertained a mean of 5.6 days (SD = 5.6 days), 7.7 days (7.0), and 11.2 days (8.0) after symptom onset were analysed in 44 patients who suffered a spontaneous internal carotid artery dissection (ICD) verified by magnetic resonance imaging, angiography, or both. Common symptoms signalling dissection were unilateral headache in 68%, transient ischaemic attack in 20%, and cerebral infarction in 9%. Severe pain preceded cerebral ischaemia by more than 3 days in 60% of those patients who eventually suffered a stroke. However, only 2 were admitted because of pain alone and 33 for evolving neurological deficits. During the first month, ipsilateral severe headache occurred in 89%, neck pain in 36%, ipsilateral cerebral ischaemia in 82%, ocular ischaemia in 16%, oculosympathetic palsy in 48%, and cranial nerve palsy in 5%. Recent “trivial” head or neck trauma was elicited in 41 %. Doppler and duplex sonography confirmed the clinical suspicion of ICD in 91.5% and in 96% of those with a significant stenosis or occlusion. MRI demonstrated a thickened vessel wall in all 33 imaged carotid dissections and a mural haematoma in 30. None of the 32 patients who received anticoagulant treatment subsequently deteriorated. Monitoring anticoagulant treatment with ultrasonographic follow-up studies demonstrated recanalization in 70% and persistent occlusion in 30%. The results demonstrate that familiarity with the initial symptoms, especially headache, and performance of an ultrasonographic study without delay are the cornerstones of an early diagnosis. Immediate anticoagulation to prevent fatal cerebral embolism seems the appropriate treatment when intracranial dissection is excluded, although its efficacy has not yet been proven by a controlled study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00919596
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  • 181
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    Electronic Resource
    Cardiac myxomas: a long term study (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 242 (1995), S. 689-694 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Cardiac myxoma ; Aneurysm ; Dementia ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract From 1980 to 1992 we followed 12 patients with cardiac myxomas for an average of 4.4 years (8 months–11 years). Presenting symptoms were neurological in four patients (hemiparesis, aphasia, visual field deficits, progressive dementia or vertigo), progressive dyspnoea in six, pulmonary embolism in one, and peripheral arterial or renal emboli in three. The diagnosis was suspected clinically in 11 patients. It was confirmed by echocardiography in ten and by thoracic CT in one. All these patients had cardiac surgery. One diagnosis was made at autopsy; the patient died unexpectedly during surgery for emboli to the leg arteries. At follow-up, two additional patients had died, one from myocardial infarction and one from rhabdomyosarcoma. Only one of the nine surviving patients had recurrent symptoms after cardiac surgery. His dementia continued to progress. The patients without new symptoms after cardiac surgery had normal MRI of the brain or residual ischaemic lesions. MRI of the patient with progressive dementia showed multiple cerebral lesions with a bright centre and a dark rim on T1- and T2-weighted spin-echo images. On CT there were many calcified lesions. CT, MR angiography and contrast angiography revealed multiple fusiform aneurysms. The rare occurrence of progressive neurological symptoms after myxoma resection with multiple cerebral lesions and aneurysms should suggest myxoma metastases to the brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00866921
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  • 182
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    Differentiated thyroid carcinoma as a cause of cervical spinal injury (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 121 (1995), S. 189-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Thyroid carcinoma ; Cervical cord compression ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Radioiodine scan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cervical cord compression due to local extension of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is an extremely rare condition and, to our knowledge, only one case has been reported in the literature. Among 256 patients with DTC treated at our hospital, we have observed 3 cases of spinal injury due to local extension of DTC. A Brown-Séquard syndrome was detected at physical examination in 2 cases. In both patients, cervical cord compression precipitated a fatal event. In the remaining patient, a radiculo-pathy C5–C7 was observed. Magnetic resonance imaging was very successful in outlining the mass, clearly differentiating the extrinsic invasion from a metastasis, and allowing the surgical possibilities to be evaluated. Poor cervical uptake of131I was observed on scans performed in two cases, suggesting a certain degree of cell dedifferentiation. We suggest that cervical spinal injury due to local extension of DTC may be an underreported complication of DTC that seems to condition the patient's outcome. Careful neurological examination is warranted in patients with DTC at stages III–IV and magnetic resonance imaging must be performed when spinal injury is suspected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01198102
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  • 183
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    Genetische Faktoren bei der Entstehung und Progression maligner Melanome (1995)
    Springer
    Der Hautarzt 46 (1995), S. 394-399 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Malignes Melanom ; Genetische Instabilität ; Genetik ; Syndrom der dysplastischen Nävi ; Xeroderma pigmentosum ; Key words Malignant melanoma ; Genetic instability ; Genetics ; Dysplastic nevus syndrome ; Xeroderma pigmentosum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Exposure of the skin to ultraviolet irradiation is an important risk factor for the development of malignant melanoma, with UVA possibly playing an important role. Hereditary factors are also relevant. In the dysplastic nevus syndrome a genetic instability has been shown by different methods. In xeroderma pigmentosum the DNA repair defect is thought to be responsible for the high incidence of malignant melanoma. Frequent and non-random changes in certain chromosomes have been demonstrated in melanoma cells. These might contain sequences that control melanoma growth or melanoma suppressor genes. Especially the short arm of chromosome 9 is thought to contain one of these genes. This hypothesis is supported by a genetic linkage analysis in melanoma families and the demonstration of a germ line deletion of the locus 9p21 in a patient with eight primary melanomas. Changes in known tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes have also been reported in melanoma, but no consistent sequence of genetic events is known.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Exposition der Haut mit ultravioletten Strahlen ist ein wichtiger Risikofaktor für die Entwicklung eines malignen Melanoms. Möglicherweise spielt hierbei UVA-A eine besondere Rolle. Daneben sind hereditäre Faktoren von Bedeutung. Während beim Syndrom der dysplastischen Nävi eine genetische Instabilität mit verschiedenen Methoden nachgewiesen wurde, wird bei Xeroderma pigmentosum der DNA-Reparaturdefekt für die hohe Melanominzidenz verantwortlich gemacht. In Melanomzellen sind überzufällig häufig karyotypische Veränderungen in bestimmten Chromosomen gefunden worden. Diese enthalten möglicherweise Melanomwachstumsregulierende Sequenzen oder Melanom-Suppressorgene. Insbesondere der kurze Arm des Chromosoms 9 steht in Verdacht, eines dieser Gene zu enthalten. Diese Hypothese wird auch unterstützt durch eine genetische Kopplungsanalyse an Melanomfamilien und dem Nachweis einer Keimbahndeletion des Lokus 9p21 bei einer Patientin mit 8 primären Melanomen. Veränderungen an bereits bekannten Tumorsuppressorgenen oder Onkogenen sind ebenfalls in Melanomen beschrieben worden, ohne daß jedoch eine konsistente Reihenfolge von genetischen Ereignissen bekannt wäre.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001050050272
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  • 184
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    CT and MRI aspects of supratentorial hemispheric tumors of childhood and adolescence (1995)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 11 (1995), S. 559-567 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Brain neoplasm ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The neuroradiological features of supratentorial hemispheric tumors (SHTs) were studied in 27 patients whose ages ranged from 11 months to 18 years. Astrocytomas constitued 10 of the 27 SHTs. On computed tomography low-grade astrocytomas were in most cases hypodense; after intravenous administration of contrast medium, pilocytic astrocytomas enhanced, whereas fibrillary astrocytomas did not. Gd-DPTA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging was the most useful technique for the assessment of recurrences. Atypical imaging features were observed in one glioblastoma and in oligodendrogliomas (in half of the cases no calcifications were found). Gangliogliomas were surprisingly rather frequent in our series (5/27) and appeared in three cases as low-density, well-circumscribed lesions, not calcified and without edema and mass effect, while in two cases they had pronounced perifocal edema without clear demarcation. A rare desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma was observed. The two meningiomas showed malignant behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300993
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  • 185
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    Characteristics of cerebrospinal fluid circulation in infants as detected with MR velocity imaging (1995)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 11 (1995), S. 227-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Cerebrospinal fluid ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Bulk flow ; To-and-fro movement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow and motion at the craniospinal junction was conducted by magnetic resonance velocity imaging with phase encoding followed by motion velocity intergration. Thirteen normal subjects classified into two groups were studied: an infant group with open sutures and fontanel, and a noninfant group with closed sutures and fontanel. Predominance in CSF to-and-fro motion was recognized in the ventral subarachnoid space, and a maximum caudad motion velocityof 7.5±2.4 mm/s was recorded in the infant group and one of 14.9±6.2 mm/s in the noninfant group. The average bulk flow velocity in all cases was 86.7±81.6 (means±SD) mm/min. The difference in flow velocity between the infant group (19.7±28.2 mm/min) and the noninfant group (116.5±80 mm/min) suggested that the CSF circulation around the cervical spine may vary at different ages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00277658
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  • 186
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    Electronic Resource
    Cranial fasciitis with massive intracranial extension (1995)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 11 (1995), S. 242-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Cranial fasciitis ; Nodular fasciitis ; Childhood ; Intracranial involvement ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The case of a 10-monthold boy with cranial fasciitis is described. The patient had a rapidly growing subcutaneous mass in the left frontotemporal region. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging clearly demonstrated a mass in the left temporoparietal bone extending both intra-and extracranially. The tumor seemed to originate from the calvarium, being located between the periosteum and the dura mater. Total resection of the tumor was performed, and the tumor was histologically identified as cranial fasciitis. A brief review of the literature is included that emphasizes the need for further investigation of this benign lesion that is frequently confused with a malignant neoplasm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00277660
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  • 187
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    Magnetic resonance angiography in moyamoya disease (1995)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 11 (1995), S. 329-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Moyamoya disease ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Magnetic resonance angiography ; Cerebral angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Spontaneous occlusion of the circle of Willis, i.e., moyamoya disease (MMD), is a clinical disease entity angiographically characterized by progressive and bilateral stenosis of the carotid bifurcation, with a hazy collateral network at the base or convexity of the brain. Although the importance of computed tomography (CT) and conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in diagnosing MMD has already been determined, conventional arteriography is still regarded as necessary for definitive diagnosis. Magnetic resonance angiography (MR-A) is a very recent vascular imaging technique which allows noninvasive and direct imaging of vessels without the use of contrast medium. We present four pediatric cases of MMD, evaluated by conventional angiography, CT, MR imaging, and MR-A. Our data demonstrate thatMR-A is successful both in allowing detection of occlusive disease of the basal portion of the internal carotid artery and large branch basal cerebral vessels and demonstrating the collateral vessels at the base of the brain. As a noninvasive procedure, MR-A promises to become a valuable alternative to classical angiography in the diagnosis of MMD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301664
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  • 188
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    Myotonic dystrophy in a large Sicilian kinship: a case report (1995)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 11 (1995), S. 453-455 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Myotonic ; Dystrophy ; Muscle disease ; Genetics ; Case report
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A large Sicilian kinship in which myotonic dystrophy (DM) affected spanning four generations is presented. The pedigree clearly illustrates the phenomenon of anticipation, and illustrates that this phenomenon is more marked when transmission occurs through an affected female rather than an affected male. The pedigree is interpreted in light of recent genetic advances in DM. Neurosurgeons and neurologists should consider a diagnosis of DM when asked to evaluate a floppy infant with enlarged lateral ventricles, and should be aware of special features regarding its inheritance pattern.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334964
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  • 189
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    Radiological findings in a case of Menkes' disease (1995)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 11 (1995), S. 112-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Menkes' disease ; Copper deficiency ; Pili torti ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Skeletal roentgenography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Menkes' disease, a neurodegenerative progressive X-linked disorder, was diagnosed in a 4-month-old child. The diagnosis was made on the combination of clinical features with laboratory and radiological findings. The pathogenesis of the skeletal findings in Menkes' disease is as yet unclear. Because of the severity of the prognosis and in order to plan treatment, the correct diagnosis has to be reached quickly. Typical manifestations of the syndrome are likely to develop after 3 months of age, with a pleiotropic appearance. In the present case, on the basis of the clinical investigation the patient underwent retrograde cystourethrography, roentgenographic examination of the skeleton, and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. On analysis of the magnetic resonance imaging, we detected one-sided involvement of both subcortical and cortical parenchyma resembling a unilateral ischemic lesion such as, to our knowledge, has not yet been reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303816
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  • 190
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    Magnetic resonance imaging in right hemisphere cerebellitis associated with homolateral hemiparesis (1995)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 11 (1995), S. 118-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Cerebellitis ; Ataxia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We present a sequence of magnetic resonance images (MRI) of a patient with cerebellitis, taken from the onset of symptoms until their disappearance 9 months later. The need to perform MRI rather than computed tomography in all patients suspected of having cerebellitis or other posterior fossa lesions is suggested
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303818
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  • 191
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    Three-dimensional MRI of the glenoid labrum (1995)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 24 (1995), S. 117-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Glenoid labrum ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Three-dimensional volume scan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reformation in the evaluation of tears of the glenoid labrum complex (GLC). Fifty-five shoulders were evaluated by MRI using standard spin-echo sequences. Gradient-refocused-echo axial projections were used to assess the GLC on the two-dimensional (2D) studies. Three-dimensional Fourier transform multiplanar gradient-recalled imaging with a resolution of 0.7 mm was also performed in all patients. Independent analyses of the anterior and posterior labra were performed in a blinded manner for both the 2D and 3D studies by three experienced musculoskeletal radiologists. Observations of the imaging studies were compared with the videoarthroscopic findings. The appearance of the GLC was rated on a scale of 0 to 4 (0–2=normal, 3, 4=abnormal or torn). The diagnostic confidence was averaged from the three reader's scores. Anterior labral tears were effectively detected with sensitivities of 89% and 96% and specificities of 96% and 100% (P〈0.0001) for the 2D and 3D studies, respectively. For posterior labral tears, the sensitivity and specificity of the 2D method were 47% and 98%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the 3D volume sequence were 53% and 98%, respectively. The lower sensitivity of both imaging methods for detecting posterior labral tears may be influenced by the smaller number (n=5) of arthroscopically confirmed cases in our study and reflects the difficulty of viusalizing the posteroinferior borders of the GLC with present MRI techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00198073
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  • 192
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    Electronic Resource
    The role of MR imaging in the diagnosis of alveolar soft part sarcoma: a report of 10 cases (1995)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 24 (1995), S. 267-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Alveolar soft part sarcoma ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics of alveolar soft part sarcoma using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Design MRI studies of pathologically proven alveolar soft part sarcomas (ASPS) in ten patients were reviewed and compared with computed tomographic (CT) studies and angiograms. Patients Ten patients presented with a soft tissue mass of the extremities, neck, axilla, or buttocks. MR images were obtained in all patients prior to surgical intervention, chemotherapy, or irradiation. Results and Conclusion Although most soft tissue sarcomas are isointense relative to muscle on MRI T1-weighted images (T1WI), nine of the ten alveolar ASPS in the present study demonstrated high signal intensity on both T2 and T1WI. Flow voids were observed both at the core and at the margins of the tumors studied. Recognition of these characteristic MRI findings may lead to the early diagnosis of ASPS, especially when the clinical presentation is that of a slow-growing soft tissue mass in a young adult patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00198412
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  • 193
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    Electronic Resource
    Asymmetry of the ventricle and age at the onset of schizophrenia (1995)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 245 (1995), S. 142-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Schizophrenia ; Asymmetry of the lateral ventricle ; Age at the onset of illness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The relationship between lateral ventricular size or its asymmetry and age at the onset of schizophrenia was investigated in 20 schizophrenic patients diagnosed according to DSM-III-R criteria. The ventriclebrain ratio (VBR) was determined using three transaxial slices of magnetic resonance image (MRI) and asymmetry of the lateral ventricle was evaluated from the laterality index of the lateral ventricular area: (left-right/lef+right)×100. Each age at the onset of the prodromal and active phase according to DSM-III-R criteria was determined for each patient. The results showed that asymmetry of the ventricle, but not VBR, was significantly correlated inversely with age at the onset of both the prodromal phase and active phase. Neither asymmetry nor VBR correlated with the duration of illness, age at MRI scanning, or severity of clinical symptoms. It would thus appear that greater asymmetry of the ventricle is associated with earlier onset of schizophrenia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02193086
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  • 194
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic resonance imaging versus arthroscopy for the investigation of the osteochondral humeral defect in anterior shoulder instability (1995)
    Springer
    Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy 3 (1995), S. 184-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-7347
    Keywords: Hill-Sachs lesion ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Arthroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Sports Science
    Notes: Abstract A double-blind prospective study was done with 15 patients with anterior shoulder instability to determine the diagnostic efficacy of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging versus arthroscopy in the evaluation of chondral or osteochondral lesions of the humeral head. MR produced 6 true positives, 5 true negatives and 4 false negatives, and its accuracy and sensitivity were 60% and 87%, respectively, whereas arthroscopy gave 8 true positives, 5 true negatives and 2 false negatives, with a sensitivity of 80% and an accuracy of 87%. All lesions diagnosed with either method were regarded as positive by definition, with the result that the specificity was always 100%. The differences in diagnosis sprang from the false negatives. The 40% discrepancy between the two methods was probbly due to our distinction in MR between intra- and extraarticular osteochondral lesions. In the first group (the 4 MR false negatives), there were three instances of firstdegree intra-articular lesion and one diagnostic error (third-degree lesion). In the second (the 2 arthroscopy false negatives), the lesions were of the extra-articular type. It is thus advisable to employ both of these methods to ensure the correct diagnosis of a Hill-Sachs lesion, and hence the correct choice of treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01565481
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  • 195
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Focal brain lesions in patients with AIDS: Aetiologies and corresponding radiological patterns in a prospective study (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 242 (1995), S. 69-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome ; Cerebral toxoplasmosis ; Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the results of a hospital-based study of 188 consecutive patients seropositive for the human immune deficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) who presented in a 4-year period (1988–1991) with possible signs or symptoms of first-ever central nervous system disease. Confirmed diagnoses were cerebral toxoplasmosis in 47 patients (25.0%), HIV-1 encephalopathy in 19 (10.1%), progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML) in 9 (4.8%), cerebral lymphoma in 1 (0.5%), and other conditions in 9 patients (4.8%). Seventy-three subjects (38.8%) showed focal brain lesions on initial computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, which were assessed prospectively. Positive predictivity for toxoplasmosis was 100% if multiple lesions occurred in combination with mass effect or contrast enhancement (23 patients), or if at least one space-occupying or enhancing lesion was located in the basal ganglia or the thalamus (26 patients). Solitary lesions with mass effect or contrast enhancement were seen in 26 patients and were caused by cerebral toxoplasmosis in 22 (84.6%). Eight of the 9 PML patients presented with one or more non-enhancing, non-mass lesions, although the predictive value of this pattern was low (47.1% for PML). Thus, in our epidemiological context, certain imaging findings in HIV-1-seropositive patients were highly predictive of cerebral toxoplasmosis. This may differ from findings from other parts of the world where cerebral toxoplasmosis may be less prevalent among HIV-1-infected individuals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00887818
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  • 196
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    Electronic Resource
    Clinical and MRI assessment of disease activity in patients with multiple sclerosis after influenza vaccination (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 242 (1995), S. 143-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Multiple sclerosis ; Vaccination ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated the possible effects of influenza vaccinationon disease activity in multiple sclerosis (MS). Six patients were evaluated clinically during the year preceding and the year following influenza vaccination. Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (Gd-MRI) was performed one day before and at days 15 and 45 after vaccination. Cumulatively, we did not observe increases in clinical or MRI disease activity following vaccination, with the exception of one case. This was the patient with the highest clinical disease activity during the year preceding vaccination. These results support and supplement previous observations, indicating that influenza vaccination is a safe procedure in multiple sclerosis. Nevertheless, it should be used with caution in patients with active/progressing disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936886
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  • 197
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    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of Japanese families with early-onset type 2 (non-insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus and screening for mutations in the glucokinase and mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) genes (1995)
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 32 (1995), S. 17-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) ; Genetics ; Diabetes mellitus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Genetic linkage studies of families with earlyonset type 2 diabetes have facilitated the identification of diabetes-susceptibility genes. In order to assess the feasibility of using linkage approaches to identify genes responsible for the development of type 2 diabetes in Japanese subjects, we examined our clinical records for multigenerational families suitable for genetic studies. We identified 16 families in which at least one subject was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes before 25 years of age. Seven of these families had a pattern of inheritance consistent with a diagnosis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) and nine families showed a complex pattern of inheritance of type 2 diabetes with transmission of diabetes-susceptibility genes from both parents. The glucokinase and mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) genes were screened for mutations in at least one affected subject from each family in order to assess the contribution of mutations in these genes to the development of the diabetes. No mutations were found, which suggests that the diabetes in these families resulted from mutations in other genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00581039
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  • 198
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    Electronic Resource
    Domestication via hybridization of the wild tetraploid oats Avena magna and A. murphyi (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 639-646 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Gene introgression ; Genetics ; Linkage ; Taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The wild tetraploid (2n=28) oat species Avena magna and A. murphyi have been domesticated by having been transferred from the common oat, A sativa (2n=42), the characteristics of non-shedding spikelets glabrous and yellow lemma, and reduced awn formation. Domestication has been achieved by crossing the common oat with either of the tetraploid species and then backcrossing the pentaploid hybrids with pollen of the tetraploid wild parent. Among the BC plants obtained only a few produced some seeds. Fertile tetraploids exhibiting the domesticated syndrome have been selected for in the F2 generation. Although morphologically they were almost indistinguishable from the common oat, they were tetraploids. Wild x domesticated A. magna hybrids were vigorous and fertile. They retained their spikelets at maturity, lemma color and pubescence were intermediate between the parental lines, and awns were formed only on the lower floret of the spikelet. Each of these characteristics segregated in a 3∶1 fashion, indicating single gene control, as in the common oat. These four characteristics formed a linkage group in one F2 family and two linkage groups in the other two families. The usefulness of the domesticated tetraploids for oat research and production has been discussed. Taxonomically, the domesticated tetraploids were ranked as subspecies: A. magna ssp. domestica, and A. murphyi ssp. rigida.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223291
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  • 199
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    Electronic Resource
    Diallel analysis for mineral element absorption in tropical adapted soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 90 (1995), S. 707-713 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Mineral stress ; Nutrient efficiency ; Aluminium tolerance ; Inheritance ; Genetics ; Breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The Brazilian tropical adapted soybeans contains, in addition to superior morphological characters, genetic factors for tolerance to cultivation in acidic, mineral-stressed soils. However, the selection process for these hindrances has been empirical, and information on the genetics of mineral element uptake by the plant is necessary. The objective of this investigation was to identify the mode of inheritance for the absorption of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminium, manganese, zinc and copper in a 9 × 9 diallel cross. General combining ability (GCA) was higher than specific combining ability (SCA), with the exception of copper, manganese and zinc, indicating predominantly additive effects. The ratios of GCA/SCA varied between 3.4 (calcium) and 8.5 (magnesium). The regression of covariance (Wr) on variance (Vr) showed that the additive-dominance model explained the genetic differences in this germ plasm. However, the detection of overdominance could be related to possible heterozygosity in the parental varieties for mineral absorption. Broad-sense heritability values were higher than narrow sense heritability values for aluminium, iron, potassium, calcium and magnesium, being in the range of 67.9–86.9% and 42.0–56.6%, respectively. This is an indication that soybeans can be further improved to efficient utilisation of nutrients and to tolerate toxic factors in the soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222137
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  • 200
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    Electronic Resource
    Allelic relationships between genes for resistance to tomato spotted wilt tospovirus in Capsicum chinense (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 90 (1995), S. 146-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Capsicum chinense ; Resistance gene ; Genetics ; Pepper ; Tomato spotted wilt virus ; Tospoviruses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) has been reported to be an important reservoir of resistance genes to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). The genes for TSWV resistance present in three C. chinense lines (‘PI 152225’, ‘PI 159236’ and ‘Panca’) were investigated for allelism. All resistant lines were crossed with each other. Parents, F1, backcrosses and F2 populations (including reciprocals) developed from those crosses were mechanically inoculated with a highly virulent TSWV isolate. Susceptible C. annuum cv ‘Magda’ was used to check inoculum virulence. Fifty plants of the F1 hybrids; ‘Magda’ x ‘PI 152225’, ‘Magda’ x ‘PI 159236’, and ‘Magda’ x 'Panca, were also inoculated with the TSWV isolate. The resistance response in all C. chinense sources was associated with a localized, hypersensitive-like reaction that was phenotypically expressed as a prompt formation of large local lesions accompanied by premature leaf abscission. All F1 generations presented a final score of resistant; indicating that the expression of resistance to TSWV is conditioned by a dominant gene regardless of the source. The absence of segregation for resistance to TSWV that was observed in all generations of the crosses between C. chinense lines indicated that either a tightly linked group of genes exists or that the resistance is governed by the same single major gene (probably the already described Tsw gene). Previous reports have indicated that the Tsw gene is not effective against tospovirus members of serogroup II, i.e. tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV) and groundnut ring spot virus (GRSV). In the assay described here, all of the C. chinense lines showed, after mechanical inoculation, an identical susceptibility response to the TCSV and GRSV isolates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221009
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