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  • 1970-1974  (11,235)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (10,782)
  • Ultrastructure  (453)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fenfluramine-induced ultrastructural alterations in tissues of rats and guinea pigs (1974)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 285 (1974), S. 175-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Fenfluramine ; Rat ; Guinea Pig ; Phospholipidosis, drug-induced ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary After administration of the anorectic drug fenfluramine (40 mg/kg per day) to rats (s. c. or i. p.) and guinea pigs (p.o.) over periods of 2 to 11 weeks, electron microscopic examination was performed on lungs, liver, lymphatic tissues and peripheral blood of both species, and on adrenal glands and ovaries of rats. In rats, fenfluramine caused the following alterations (listed according to the duration of treatment): Formation of abnormal lamellated inclusions in lymphocytes and plasma cells of lymphatic tissues, appearance of “foam cells” in lung alveoli; formation of abnormal lamellated inclusions in corpus luteum, lymphocytes of peripheral blood, and in adrenal cortex. In guinea pigs, the same alterations were found in lymphocytes of spleen and peripheral blood, in hepatocytes and in lung. The present observations support the concept of a generalized phospholipidosis induced by amphiphilic compounds. The potency of fenfluramine to induce a lipidosis is, however, considerably less pronounced than that previously demonstrated for the anorectic drug chlorphentermine. This difference is suggested to be due mainly to the lower degree of amphiphilia of fenfluramine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00501152
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipidosis-like ultrastructural alterations in rat lymph nodes after treatment with tricyclic antidepressants or neuroleptics (1974)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 286 (1974), S. 165-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Lipidosis ; Antidepressants ; Neuroleptics ; Lymphocytes ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Lymphocytes of rat lymph nodes have previously been revealed as reliable and sensitive indicators of a particular drug side effect, notably a generalized phospholipidosis, inducible by a compound of amphiphilic character (chlorphentermine). The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of other amphiphilic compounds upon rat lymphocytes. After oral administration of various tricyclic antidepressants (iprindole, imipramine, clomipramine, 1-chloro-amitriptyline, 1-chloro-10,11-dehydro-amitriptyline, noxiptiline, amitriptyline), or of two neuroleptic drugs (chlorpromazine, thioridazine) to rats, the popliteal lymph nodes were examined with the electron microscope. After a single application of either iprindole (50 mg/kg), imipramine (100 mg/kg), or clomipramine (150 mg/kg) small proportions of lymphocytes were found to contain abnormal lamellated cytoplasmic inclusions. The size and number of inclusions and the number of affected lymphocytes increased with further treatment. Similar observations were made after treatment with the chlorinated amitriptyline derivatives. On the other hand, only small numbers of lymphocytes were affected by noxiptiline, amitriptyline, chlorpromazine and thioridazine, even after prolonged treatments (up to 13 weeks) with high doses (up to 125–175 mg/kg). The present ultrastructural finding are interpreted as representing lipidosislike cellular alterations, yet of highly varying degrees. The large quantitative differences are tentatively suggested to be due to differences in the rate and mode of metabolism of the drugs, and due to differing degrees of amphiphilia of the compounds applied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00501610
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Leber bei der progressiven Myoklonusepilepsie (Lafora's disease) (1974)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 52 (1974), S. 559-567 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Progressive myoclonus epilepsy (Lafora's disease) ; Type I (Unverricht, Lundborg) ; Type II ; Liver findings ; Clinical aspects ; Histology ; Ultrastructure ; Histochemistry ; Biochemistry ; Glycogenosis type IV ; Progressive Myoklonusepilepsie (Laforasche Erkrankung) ; Typ I (Unverricht, Lundborg) ; Typ II ; Leberbefunde ; Klinik ; Histologie ; Ultrastruktur ; Histochemie ; Biochemie ; Glykogenose Typ IV
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Dem klinischen Bild der progressiven Myoklonusepilepsie (Lafora's disease) liegt eine kongenitale Stoffwechselanomalie mit Ablagerung pathologischer Stoffwechselprodukte vorwiegend im Zentralnervensystem zugrunde. Der häufigere Typ I (Typ Unverricht, Typ Lundborg) zeigt eine regelmäßige Mitbeteiligung von Leber und Myokard sowie teilweise der Muskulatur, der seltenere Typ II ist mit seiner Speicherung nur auf das Zentralnervensystem beschränkt. Die Kenntnis der charakteristischen Leberbefunde kann einmal eine Hilfe sein für die klinische Unterscheidung von Typ I und Typ II, unspezifisch degenerativen Formen der Myoklonusepilepsie sowie gegenüber der myoklonischen Variante der amaurotischen Idiotie. Als eine weitere Möglichkeit könnte das bisher unbekannte Speicherprodukt und der auslösende spezifische Enzymdefekt auf diesem Wege identifiziert werden. Lichtmikroskopisch zeigen die Leberzellen — vorwiegend der Läppchenperipherie — und gelegentlich auch die Kupfferschen Sternzellen eine PAS-positive homogene Speichersubstanz, die in Übereinstimmung mit den Befunden am Zentralnervensystem und am Myocard elektronenoptisch aus granulärem und filamentärem Material aufgebaut ist. Die Deutung der einzelnen Untersucher hinsichtlich der histochemischen und biochemischen Ergebnisse variiert: die Natur des Ablagerungsproduktes wird als Mucopolysaccharid aber auch als Polyglucosan angesprochen. Übereinstimmend sieht man aber die Hauptstörung im Bereich des Kohlenhydratstoffwechsels. Die hier demonstrierten bemerkenswerten licht- und elektronenmikroskopischen Übereinstimmungen mit der Glykogenose Typ IV lassen nach unserer Auffassung nahe Beziehungen zur Gruppe der Glykogenosen annehmen. Als Thesaurismose ist die Laforasche Erkrankung eine potentielle Vorstufe der Cirrhose. Es entwickelt sich eine mehr oder minder ausgeprägte Mesenchymbeteiligung im Sinne einer chronischen Hepatitis. Eine komplette Cirrhose ist jedoch selbst bei den Spätfällen nicht nachzuweisen. Eine Hepatomegalie als Folge der Speicherung fehlt. Spezifische Leberproben fallen negativ aus. Das klinische Bild wird nicht von Seiten der Leber, sondern ausschließlich von der progredienten neurologisch-psychiatrischen Symptomatik der Myoklonusepilepsie geprägt.
    Notes: Summary The cause of clinical manifestations of progressive myoclonus epilepsy (Lafora's disease) is an inborn error of metabolism characterised by deposition of pathologic metabolic products in the central nervous system. In the most common type I (Type Unverricht, Type Lundborg) these deposits are regularly located in liver and myocard, and in some cases also in sceletal muscle. In the less common type II they are found only in the central nervous system. The characteristic liver findings might help to distinguish type I, type II, unspecific degenerative forms of myoclonic epilepsy and the myoclonic form of amaurotic idiocy. They also might be valuable in identification of yet unknown specific enzyme defect leading to tissue deposits. Our light microscopy observations demonstrate deposits of a PAS-positive homogene substance in liver cells—especially in the periphery of lobule— and sometimes in Kupffer cells. By electron microscopy this substance is identified as granular and filamentary material. This corresponds to our findings in the central nervous system and myocard. The interpretation of existing histochemical and biochemical studies did not yet solve the question, if the mentioned deposits are mucopolysaccharides or polyglucosanes, however, it is recognized that the main disorder is an error in carbohydrate metabolism. The notable similarity of our light- and electronmicroscopic observations to results obtained in glycogenosis type IV suggest that Lafora's disease might be another form of glycogenosis. As a thesaurismosis Lafora's disease can predispose to cirrhosis. The activation of mesenchyme, less or more pronounced, corresponds to chronic hepatitis. And even in the late forms a complete cirrhosis is not found. This thesaurismosis does not lead to hepatomegaly. Specific liver function tests are negative. The clinical course is characterised not by liver symptoms but by the neurologic and psychiatric symptoms of progressive myoclonic epilepsy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01468496
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A fine structural study on the extracellular activity of alkaline phosphatase and its role in calcification (1974)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 15 (1974), S. 201-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Calcification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Des cals expérimentaux de neuf jours, formés au niveau de radius de jeunes rats, sont traités par la méthode calcium-cobalt de Gomori (1939) pour la mise en évidence ultrastructurale de la phosphatase alcaline afin d'étudier son rôle éventuel dans le dépôt du calcium. L'activité enzymatique apparait initialement sous forme de précipités globulaires en dehors de la membrane cellulaire de jeunes chondroblastes hypertrophiques. Ce précipité donne ensuite naissance à des corps sphériques de phosphatase alcaline qui se forme près de la cellule. Ces corps sphériques s'observent dans une zone intermédiaire plus éloignée. Une formation de cristaux en aiguilles (apparemment une calcification) se développe dans des corps isolés ou agrégés, laissant voir nettement leurs limites, même lorsque la calcification est plus avancée au point qu'on ne peut plus distinguer des cristaux individuels. Au niveau des coupes témoins, traitées de façon identique mais sans substrat ou avec de l'E.D.T.A., on n'observe ni précipité enzymatique ou corps sphériques. L'aspect des dépôts cristallins dans des corps qui contiennent de la phosphatase alcaline ne peut s'expliquer que par l'existence d'une association étroite entre enzymes et calcification.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Neun Tage alter experimenteller Kallus an Radii von jungen Ratten wurde mit Gomori's (1939) Calcium-Kobalt Methode untersucht, um die Verteilung der alkalischen Phosphatase und ihre Beziehung zur Calciumablagerung ultrastrukturell zu demonstrieren. Enzymaktivität zeigte sich zuerst als globulares Präzipitat außerhalb der Zellmembran von Knorpelzellen im Beginn der Hypertrophie. Aus dieser Präzipitatschicht entstanden dann gerundete Körperchen, die sich von der Zelle abtrennten. Solche Körperchen wurden auch in größerer Entfernung von der Zelle beobachtet, d.h. in einer Zwischenzone zwischen benachbarten Zellen. Nadelförmige Kristalle, wahrscheinlich von Calcium-Salzen, wurden in einzelnen oder aggregierten Körperchen beobachtet. Die äußere Zone der Körperchen blieb jedoch deutlich sichtbar, selbst dann, wenn der Calciumgehalt derart zugenommen hatte, daß einzelne Kristalle nicht länger erkennbar waren. In Kontrollen, die in gleicher Weise behandelt waren, aber ohne Substrat oder mit Zufügung von EDTA, wurden weder Präzipitate noch Körperchen beobachtet. Das Auftreten von Calciumablagerungen in alkalischer Phosphatase enthaltenden Körperchen scheint kaum anders erklärbar als durch eine enge funktionelle Verbindung zwischen Enzym und Calciumablagerung.
    Notes: Abstract Nine day old experimental calluses in radii of young rats were treated with Gomori's (1939) calcium-cobalt method to demonstrate ultrastructurally the presence of alkaline phosphatase in a search for its possible role in the desposition of calcium. Enzyme activity first appeared as globule-like precipitates outside the cell membrane of early hypertrophic cartilage cells. This precipitate layer then seemed to give rise to spherical bodies of alkaline phosphatase which occur at a slight distance from the cell. The spherical bodies were also observed further away from the cell in an intermediate zone between neighboring cells. Needle-like crystal formation, apparently calcification, occurred inside single or aggregated bodies, leaving their peripheral rim clearly visible, even when calcification had increased to such an extent that individual crystals could no longer be recognised. In controls, treated in the same way but without substrate, or with EDTA, no enzyme precipitate or spherical bodies were seen. The appearance of crystalline deposits in bodies which contain alkaline phosphatase seems difficult to explain on any other basis than that there is a close functional association between the enzyme and calcification.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02059057
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wall ultrastructure ofScenedesmus culture N 46 (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 96 (1974), S. 145-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Scenedesmus Bristles ; Openings ; Props ; Ridges ; Tubules ; Brisble Origin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Bristles radiating from openings were detected on colonies and unicells ofScenedesmus culture N 46, when examined with transmission and scanning electron microscopes. Although narrower, they correspond in gross appearance and ultrastructure to previously describedScenedesmus bristles. Openings, bordered by a series of props, are unlike those ofScenedesmus culture 614. Additional props are observed scattered independently on the cell wall; ridges are composed of a linear row of props. Sections of cells, or cell walls, reveal an additional prop, situated inside the openings; these props are composed of several tubules. Possible extrusion of bristles through these tubules, as well as the origin of the bristle from the cavity and vesicles immediately under the opening are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00590171
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An ultrastructural study of septal dissolution inSchizophyllum commune (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 96 (1974), S. 175-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Septa ; Schizophyllum ; Dissolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A strain ofSchizophyllum commune carrying a mutation in theB-mating factor (B-mut) shows septal dissolution when grown at 30° C for 2 to 3 days. The septa are intact if the organism is grown at 25° C for the same time, but begin to break down within 1 h after transfer to 30° C. At the ultrastructural level the dolipore swelling is the first part of the septal apparatus to be degraded, closely followed by the disorganization of the parenthesomes. A progressive thinning of the septal cross-wall produces an enlargement of the septal aperture sufficient to allow the passage of nuclei. It appears that degradative enzymes are probably carried to the site of septal dissolution in vesicles derived from endoplasmic reticulum in the area of the septal apparatus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00590174
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen metabolism and ultrastructure inAnabaena cylindrica (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 96 (1974), S. 271-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Anabaena cylindrica ; Nitrogen Starvation ; Pigmentation ; Ultrastructure ; Heterocyst Differentiation ; Nitrogenase Activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nitrogen starvation, effected by incubating a culture ofAnabaena cylindrica in a medium free from combined nitrogen and under an atmosphere of 1% CO2 in argon, leads to rapid and characteristic changes in the appearance, structure and function of the alga. Change of colour, due apparently to a decrease in the amounts of nitrogenous pigments, is accompanied by a structural transformation of vegetative cells: cyanophycin granules and polyhedral bodies disintegrate, lipid and glycogen accumulate, and large membrane-bound spaces form by means of thylakoid swelling and vesiculation. The rate of heterocyst differentiation and nitrogenase activity is increased. These changes are fully reversed on addition of ammonia to the culture. It appears that thylakoids reform by coalescence of small vesicles assembled in the intrathylakoidal space. Rapid ammonia assimilation is indicated by ample formation of cyanophycin granules in vegetative cells and of “plugs” in the heterocysts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00590183
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural aspects of the marine fungusJaponochytrium sp. (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 96 (1974), S. 305-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Marine Fungi ; Ultrastructure ; Multilamellate Sporangial Wall ; Sagenogenetosome ; Zoospore Cleavage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The morphology and ultrastructure of aJaponochytrium sp. has been studied by light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The wall has been shown to be multilamellate and persistent. Stages in zoospore cleavage are described and sagenogenetosomes reported in mature sporangia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00590186
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell wall formation in zoospores of Allomyces arbuscula (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 98 (1974), S. 147-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Allomyces ; Zoospores ; Cell Wall ; Wall Formation ; Lomasome ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Ultrastructural observations on encysting haploid zoospores of Allomyces arbuscula are presented with special reference to cell wall deposition. Multivesicular bodies are observed in the cytoplasm of zoospores 15 min after inoculation, lomasomes after 30 min and fine membrane profiles between the plasmalemma and the cyst wall are observed after 4 h indicating a possible system for secretion of cell wall components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00425277
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The presence of unusual microtubular structures in senescent cells of Chlamydomonas dysosmos (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 98 (1974), S. 199-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Chlamydomonas ; Senescent ; Microtubules ; Complexes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Complexes of twisted ribbons composed of ordered arrays of microtubules are identified in close association with the plasmalemma and the surfaces of some organelles in senescent cells of photoheterotrophically cultured Chlamydomonas dysosmos. The ribbon complexes occur throughout the cytoplasm, and do not appear related to the flagellar insertions. The component microtubules are approximately 26 nm in width, exhibiting a center-to-center spacing of about 44 nm. Additional cytoplasmic microtubules are often closely related to the tubular complexes. A detailed description of their fine structure is presented here which tends to support the ascribed function of microtubules in maintaining the structural integrity of the protoplasm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00425282
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen metabolism and ultrastructure inAnabaena cylindrica (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 99 (1974), S. 221-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Anabaena cylindrica ; Molybdenum ; Vanadium ; Nitrogenase ; Ultrastructure ; Storage Products ; Heterocyst Frequency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The structural and functional symptoms of molybdenum deficiency inAnabaena cylindrica grown in a medium without combined nitrogen and thus dependent on fixation of elemental nitrogen, resemble those brought about by nitrogen starvation. However, the substantially increased rate of heterocyst differentiation in this culture is not accompanied by a corresponding increase in nitrogenase activity; on the contrary, enzyme activity is severely impaired in the absence of molybdenum. When the supply of molybdenum, or of ammonia, is restored, the alga recovers rapidly. Vanadium exerts an inhibitory effect upon nitrogen-fixing ability of the alga, and its presence in the molybdenum-deficient culture results in the amplification of the symptoms of mlybdenum deficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00696236
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence of microbodies in chloromonadophycean algae (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 99 (1974), S. 265-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Microbodies ; Vacuolaria ; Gonyostomum ; Chloromonadophyceae ; Chromophyta
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Microbody-like organelles occur in the cytoplasm of two chloromonadophycean algae,Vacuolaria virescens Cienkowsky andGonyostomum semen Diesing. Microbodies ofVacuolaria andGonyostomum have a granular matrix which lacks a crystalloid core; they are often present in close association with elements of the endoplasmic reticulum. The occurrence of microbodies in other algae is briefly reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00696241
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of cleavage stages and preimplantation embryos of the baboon (1974)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 147 (1974), S. 45-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Baboon ; Cleavage stages ; Embryos ; Preimplantation ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La structure et l'ultrastructure des embryons de babouin sont étudiées dans la période précédant l'implantation. Six stades du développement embryonnaire sont observés 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 et 8 jours après la date présumée de fécondation. Dans les 3 premiers cas, on compte respectivement 2, 8 et 24 blastoméres. A 5 jours, il y a 30 à 40 cellules et un nombre dépassant 60, ultérieurement. Des cellules trophoblastiques primitives se différencient à 7 jours et une cavité de segmentation en forme de croissant apparaît au 8 ème jour. La zone pellucide est toujours présente à 8 jours, la période de préimplantation semblant plus longue chez le babouin que chez l'homme. Des particules de type C sont décrites dans la zone pellucide et les espaces périvitellin et interblastomériques. La transformation des mitochondries, des changements dans la répartition des ribosomes, des corps multivésiculaires, pseudocristallins et figures myéliniques, des nucléoles et amas granuleux intra-nucléaires s'observent chez le babouin comme chez certains autres Mammifères; par contre, les faisceaux fibrillaires cytoplasmiques sont absents. L'étude des changements de l'ultrastructure provoqués par des hormones et drogues permettrait de mieux évaluer la nocivité de ces substances pendant les premiers stades du développement embryonnaire des Primates.
    Notes: Summary The baboon preimplantation stages were examined using light and electron microscopy. Six cases were studied at 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 days estimated fertilization age. The first 3 specimens were composed of 2, 8 and 24 blastomeres respectively. At 5 days, 30 to 40 cells were counted and more than 60 cells in later stages. Primitive “trophoblast cells” differentiate at 7 days and a crescentic blastocoele appears at 8 days. Shedding of the zona pellucida is not observed in the 7 and 8 day specimens. The preimplantation period is longer in the baboon than in man. C-type viruses are observed in the zona pellucida, in the perivitelline and interblastomeric spaces. Microvilli and caveolae cover the periphery of the baboon conceptus. As in many other mammals, transformation of the mitochondria, changes in the ribosomes distribution, multivesicular bodies, myelin figures, nucleoli and intranuclear clusters of granules are described in the baboon. Cytoplasmic fibrous strands are not present as in the mouse. Experiments on the influence of hormones and drugs on ultrastructural changes would help to evaluate the importance of biohazards during the early development of primates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317963
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structure of the myosatellite cells in axial muscles of the sharkGaleus melastomus (1974)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 147 (1974), S. 35-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Myosatellite cells ; Shark ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The myosatellite cells in the axial muscles of the sharkGaleus melastomus is found more frequently in the red muscle fibers than in the white fibers. The total length of the cell extensions is about 100 μm. In about 20% of all cases, the extensions were present in pairs, and it is concluded that the satellite cell processes bifurcate. Processes towards the intercellular space and towards the interior of the muscle fiber are also described. The cytoplasm of the satellite cells contain glycogen, Golgi elements, lysosome-like vesicles, granular endoplasmic reticulum and microtubules. It is concluded that the morphology of the satellite cells indicates a more active function than that of a dormant reserve myoblast.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317962
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron microscopic studies of the innervation of the rat kidney (1974)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 145 (1974), S. 169-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Renal innervation ; Rat ; Peripheral nerves ; Neuroeffector zones ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In der Rattenniere werden die muskelzellhaltigen arteriellen Gefäße und der juxtaglomeruläre Apparat innerviert. Blutgefäße mit Pericyten, porenhaltige Capillaren sowie die Tubuli der Rinde und des Markes werden nicht von Nervenfasern begleitet. Ganglienzellen wurden in der Rattenniere nicht beobachtet. Periphere Nerven mit einem ein-bis zweischichtigen Perineurium kommen im paravasalen Gewebe der Interlobar- und Arcuata-Arterien vor; sie enthalten neben zahlreichen marklosen Nervenfasern gewöhnlich auch 2–4 markhaltige. Nervenfaser-Bündel ohne perineurale Scheide finden sich im paravasalen Gewebe der Arcuata- und Interlobular-Arterien. Darüber hinaus sind in unmittelbarer Nachbarschaft der großen Arterien (Interlobar-, Arcuata- und Inter-lobular-arterien) und der Vasa afferentia marklose Nervenfasern und freie Axone vorhanden, die auch die proximalen Abschnitte der Vasa efferentia der subcapsulären und intermediären Rindenschicht begleiten. Im Nierenmark werden die juxtamedullären Vasa efferentia und die Arteriolae rectae innerviert; marklose Nervenfasern und freie Axone sind nur bis zur Außen-Innenstreifen-Grenze nachweisbar. Die Innervation der muskelzellhaltigen arteriellen Gefäße erfolgt durch aufgetriebene Axonabschnitte (Neuroeffektor-Zonen), die vorwiegend agranuläre Vesikel enthalten. Diese Strukturen liegen stets an der Grenze von Adventitia und Media bzw. Elastica externa; zwischen den glatten Muskelzellender Media wurden keine vesikelhaltigen Axonabschnitte gefunden. Als minimaler Abstand zwischen den vesikelhaltigen Axonabschnitten und den von einer Basalmembran umschlossenen glatten Muskelzellen (neuromuskuläre Distanz) wurden 600 Å gemessen. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse werden mit den fluoreszenzmikroskopischen und histochemischen Untersuchungen über die adrenerge und cholinerge Innervation der Niere verglichen. Die sich aus diesem Vergleich ergebenden Probleme und funktionellen Konsequenzen für die Innervation der Niere sowie die Natur der cholinergen Fasern (afferente oder postganglionäre parasympathische Fasern) werden diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary The innervation of the rat kidney is defined by a system which supplies those arterial blood vessels whose walls contain smooth muscle cells and the juxtaglomerular apparatus. Vessels containing pericytes, or those vessels composed of an endothelium only, as well as the tubules of both the cortex and medulla, are not innervated. Furthermore, ganglion cells do not occur in the rat kidney. The nervous apparatus of the rat kidney consists of peripheral vegetative nerves, ensheathed by a perineurium, with 2–4 myelinated fibers running in the paravasal tissue of the interlobar and arcuate arteries, and of nerve bundles without a perineurial sheath in the paravasal tissue of the arcuate and interlobular arteries. Non-myelinated fibers and free axons occur in the immediate vicinity of the great arteries (interlobar, arcuate, and interlobular) and the vasa afferentia. Nerve fibers and free axons are also seen in the vicinity of only the proximal parts of those vasa efferentia which supply the cortical capillary plexus. The arteriolae rectae of the medulla, and their vasa efferentia, from which they arise, are innervated by non-myelinated fibers and free axons which accompany these arterial vessels only to the boundary of the outer and inner stripe of the outer zone of the medulla. The functional innervation of those vessels with smooth muscle cells results from neuro-effector zones which predominantly show agranular vesicles. These structures were never seen between the smooth muscle cells within the media; the minimum neuromuscular distance was 600 Å. The present findings are correlated with the lightmicroscopically demonstrated adrenergic and cholinergic innervation. The resultant problems and functional consequences of the innervation of the kidney, especially the nature of the cholinergic fibers (afferent or post-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers) are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00519727
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural studies on the intercellular bridges between the oocyte and follicle cells in the lizard Acanthodactylus scutellatus hardyi (1974)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 143 (1974), S. 239-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Oocyte ; Follicle cells ; Intercellular bridges ; Lizard ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Intercellular bridges connect the oocyte with its surrounding follicle cells. 2. Fibrillar bundles and microtubules are oriented along the length of the bridge. Mitochrondria, endoplasmic reticulum, multivesicular vesicles and other cytoplasmic components are also present in this region. 3. This communication may be very important for the flow of nutrients necessary for the growth of the oocyte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00519868
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution ultrastructurale du labyrinthe de placenta de chatte (1974)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 146 (1974), S. 1-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Placenta ; Cat ; Differentiation ; Function ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'ultrastructure du labyrinthe de placenta de chatte a été étudiée du 45e au 63e jour de gestation. Cette formation endothéliochoriale est composée: d'un endothélium maternel hypertrophié et de cellules géantes déciduales; d'une couche de «substance inerte interstitielle»; du trophoblaste constitué d'une assise syncytiale continue (syncytiotrophoblaste) et d'une assise cellulaire discontinue (cytotrophoblaste); d'un endothélium foetal accompagné de son environnement mésenchymateux. Les capillaires foetaux envahissent progressivement le syncytiotrophoblaste. L'hypertrophie de l'endothélium maternel diminue en fin de gestation; de ce fait la distance, séparant le sang maternel du sang foetal, peut atteindre en certains points 2 μ. L'endothélium maternel, le syncytiotrophoblaste et l'endothélium foetal présentent des signes ultrastructuraux d'un rôle de transfert. La «substance inerte inerte interstitielle», qui sépare les tissus d'origine maternelle des tissus d'origine foetale, est constante mais d'épaisseur variable; elle est spécifique des structures endothéliochoriales. Les cellules géantes déciduales, dont le nombre diminue en fin de gestation comportent parfois un ou plusieurs «corps glycogéniques». Le syncytiotrophoblaste, siége d'activité de biosynthése de stéroïdes, est riche en ergastoplasme, ce qui autorise à postuler la synthése d'hormones protéiques.
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of feline placental labyrinth has been studied from the 45th to the 63rd day of gestation. The endotheliochorial structure is composed of: a thick hypertrophied maternal endothelium with giant decidual cells; an “interstitial inert substance”; a continuous syncytial layer (syncytiotrophoblast) and a discontinuous cellular layer (cytotrophoblast) of trophoblast; and a thin foetal endothelium with its surrounding mesenchyme. Foetal capillaries increasingly invade the syncytiotrophoblast. Maternal endothelial hypertrophy is reduced in the last days of gestation. Thus the interval between maternal and foetal bloods may in some areas become 2 μ, in late pregnancy. Foetal endothelium, syncytiotrophoblast, and maternal endothelium demonstrate ultrastructural features of transfer function. The “interstitial inert substance”, which separates maternal from foetal tissue was always evident though with variable thickness. The giant decidual cells which are reduced in late pregnancy, show one or several “glycogen bodies”. The syncytiotrophoblast, where some steroïd biosynthesis has been demonstrated, has an extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum suggestive of protein hormone synthesis activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00341379
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ultrastructure of the thin loop limbs of the mouse kidney (1974)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 147 (1974), S. 1-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Mouse kidney ; Thin limbs ; Ultrastructure ; Renal concentrating mechanism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The thin limbs of the loops of Henle in the mouse kidney have been investigated by conventional electron microscopy. Resulting from light microscopic investigations, a distinction in the epithelia of short and long loops can be demonstrated. Ultrastructurally, the thin limbs (descending) of short loops are composed of a uniformly thin and simple epithelium. In contrast, long loops (thin descending and ascending) are composed of three different epithelial types which are representative of a distinctly more complex epithelial system. Two epithelial types were observed in the thin descending limbs of long loops and the third type was observed in the ascending thin limbs. Based upon these findings it is suggested that the thin descending limbs of short and long loops of Henle in the mouse kidney cannot perform the same functions in the renal concentrating mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317960
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differentiation of mouse leydig cell in anterior chamber of the rat eye (1974)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 146 (1974), S. 219-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Leydig cells ; Differentiation ; Explants ; Ultrastructure ; Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Testes of newborn mice not older than one day were transplanted into the anterior chamber of one eye of an adult male white Holtzman rat. The events observed in the Leydig cells of the grafted testes can be divided into two periods. Period one is marked by differentiation; period two, by dedifferentiation. In period one, the lipid and glycogen inclusions disappear, possibly owing to the gonadotropins of the host. In period two, which starts after day 15 post-grafting, the lipids and glycogen reappear; the Leydig cells now contain residual bodies, whereas the S.E.R. disappears. Immunological mechanisms can be implicated; it is suggested that the Leydig cells dedifferentiate because the host's gonadotropins may be incapable of evoking and/or activating the genetic memory of the grafted Leydig cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315597
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A cyanobacterium which lacks thylakoids (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 100 (1974), S. 419-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Gloeobacter violaceus ; Photosynthetic Pigments ; DNA Base Composition ; Fatty Acid Composition ; Cyanobacterium ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Gloebacter violaceus gen. and sp. n. is a unicellular photosynthetic prokaryote of unusual cellular structure. The only unit membrane in the small, rod-shaped cells is the cytoplasmic membrane, which has a simple contour, without intrusions. Immediately underlying it is an electron-dense layer 80 nm thick. Gloeobacter is an aerobic photoautotroph which contains chlorophyll α, β-carotene and other carotenoids, allophycocyanin, phycocyanin and phycoerythrin. Chlorophyll and carotenoids are associated with the particulate fraction of cell-free extracts, and are thus probably localized in the cytoplasmic membrane. The phycobiliproteins may be associated with the electron-dense 80 nm layer. The DNA contains 64.4 moles percent GC. The cellular lipids have a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, largely linoleate and γ-linolenate. Despite its atypical fine structure, Gloeobacter is evidently a cyanobacterium, sufficiently different from other unicellular cyanobacteria to be placed in a new genus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446333
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  • 21
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    Electronic Resource
    A study of sporophore development in the myxomyceteProtophysarum phloiogenum (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 99 (1974), S. 331-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Myxomycetes ; Ultrastructure ; Development ; Systematics ; Food Vacuoles ; Stalk Development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Observations of sporophore development in fresh and glutaraldehydeosmium sequentially-fixed material ofProtophysarum phloiogenum show the following sequence. Small plasmodia cease streaming and round up. Food vacuoles collect in the lower center of the cytoplasmic mass. As the cytoplasm rises the food vacuolar contents are excluded from the plasmalemma and become the stalk core. A continuous, fibrous peridium and stalk tube enclose cytoplasm and stalk core respectively. Capillitial formation just precedes spore cleavage. Sporophore development is marked by autophagic activity and calcium deposition. Stalks of dried herbarium specimens of seven additional species have been examined. A mature stalk morphology very similar toProtophysarum with recognizable remnants of microorganismal food material is seen in all of them. It is thought that this marker is indicative of non-stemonitaceous stalk development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00696247
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The rotifer trap of Zoophagus (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 101 (1974), S. 95-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Zoophagus insidians Rotifer ; Predacious Fungi ; Oomycetes ; Glue Secretion ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The predacious watermold Zoophagus insidians traps loricate rotifers on short, lateral branches of the main, hyphal axis. These branches or “traps” are packed at their distal ends with a number of vesicles filled with an electron-dense matrix. Electron micrographs of the mycelium disclose a two-layered wall; the outer layer is electron dense and the inner, electron transparent. The outer dense layer on the tip of the “trap” is organized into a number of fine ridges and occasional discontinuities. Thin sections through recently trapped rotifers indicate that the cilia of the animals are stuck to the trap by a glue. This adhesive is derived from secretion of the matrix of the vesicles aggregated in the tip of the trap. The secretion mechanism is triggered by the animal and is accompanied by: 1. The separation of the two layers of the wall, 2. fusion of the vesicles with the cell membrane and 3. extrusion of the glue through pits in the tip of the inner wall of the “trap”. After snaring a rotifer, the previously arrested branch grows as a haustorium into the body cavity of the animal. The host tissues disintegrate within a few hours and appear to be the main nutrient source of the fungus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00455929
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concordance between morphological and biochemical estimates of fluid spaces in rat brain cortex slices (1974)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 21 (1974), S. 299-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Brain cortex slices ; Ultrastructure ; Fluid spaces ; Swelling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A comparison was made between morphological and biochemical estimates of extracellular and intracellular fluid spaces in rat brain cortex slices incubated under different conditions. By light microscopy the periphery of the slices was found to be more swollen than the center; this regional difference was verified biochemically in unfixed tissue. The electronmicroscopic evaluation of intra- and extracellular fluid spaces was accordingly based upon findings in a preselected area. Due to intracellular penetration of inulin in rat brain cortex slices the biochemically, determined extracellular and intracellular spaces were obtained by compartmental analysis of the inulin space. The concordance between the biochemical and the morphological findings was good: Both methods showed that the extracellular space increased during the incubation to a considerable magnitude after one hr. and that this extracellular space was reduced by excess potassium, glutamate, anoxia or incubation at 0°. Under the same conditions the biochemically determined intracellular space was increased. This cellular swelling was confirmed morphologically and found to comprise mainly glia cells after exposure to excess potassium, predominantly neurons after incubation at 0° and both cell types after anoxia or addition of glutamate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235749
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural aspects of localized membrane damage in Spirillum serpens VHL early in its association with Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109D (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 100 (1974), S. 179-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus ; Spirillum serpens ; Freeze Fracture ; Electron Microscopy ; Ultrastructure ; Membrane Damage ; Organismic Associations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The freeze-fracture technique and electron microscopy have been used to demonstrate that localized damage is inflicted upon the cytoplasmic membrane of Spirillum serpens VHL within 20 to 30 min after the start of its association with Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109D. This damage is not observed in uninfected Spirillum cells, nor in infected cells within the first 10 min. This damage takes the form of a “blister” which, when viewed stereoscopically in electron micrographs, is seen to project toward the interior of the Spirillum cell. Shortly after its formation, the blister becomes elaborated into a series of ridges which may assume forms ranging from an elaborate spiral to a series of loops or knots. The formation of a blister is shown to involve both the inner and outer leaves of the membrane bilayer, and evidence is presented to indicate that the blister site corresponds to the site of attachment of the Bdellovibrio cell. The hypothesis is proposed that this ultrastructural damage is the cytological basis for the controlled and localized leakage through the cytoplasmic membrane into the periplasmic space of the Spirillum cell at locations adjacent to the Bdellovibrio cell. It is suggested that this localized membrane damage may be the ultrastructural basis for the high efficiency with which bdellowvibrios are known to incorporate cytoplasmic materials from the other bacteria in whose periplasmic spaces they develop.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446316
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative structural characterization of material extractable from aerial sheath of Streptomyces roseoflavus var. roseofungini (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 101 (1974), S. 71-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Streptomycetes ; Ultrastructure ; Surface Sheath
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 1. Tubular-like structures were regularly revealed in the surface sheath of the aerial mycelium of the parent strain of Streptomycetes roseoflavus var. roseofungini. In their shape and dimensions these structures were highly reminiscent of those massive accumulation of which was earlier reported to occur in cultures of dedifferentiated nocardioform “fructose” mutant of the same parent strain. 2. The tubular-like structures of the aerial mycelium sheath were shown to be markedly susceptible to brief acetone washing, undergoing almost complete desintegration. 3. On addition of water to crude acetone extract of the aerial mycelium precipitation and possible selfassembly of a spectrum of various structures occurred (folded scaly, bubble-like, spout-like). Some among structures so produced were reminiscent of those found in spectra of structures observed in reconstruction experiments with tubules from the mutant as well as of structures found in the aerial sheath of the parent strain and some other actinomycetes. Similarity in subunit structure of above materials was also noticeable. The presence, in the sheath of aerial mycelium, of material with a tendency to selforganization is discussed in relation to the possible involvement of selfassembly processes in the formation of the surface sheath.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00455926
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Profound muscle weakness associated with axis cylinder ballooning (1974)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 28 (1974), S. 87-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Neuroaxonal Dystrophy ; Hallervorden-Spatz Disease ; Mitochondria ; Axonal Swelling ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Multifocal central white matter axonal swelling characterized electron microscopically by focal axonal mitochondrial and membraneous body enrichment occurred in a 52 year old man who presented with the chief complaint of severe progressive muscular weakness accompanied by disorientation. The clinical and pathological findings in this patient appear unique and are presented in order to broaden our concepts of axis cylinder pathology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687522
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the optic nerve in Schilder's disease, Devic's Disease and Disseminated Sclerosis (1974)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 30 (1974), S. 225-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Optic Nerve ; Schilder's Disease ; Devic's Disease ; Disseminated Sclerosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of the optic nerve is described and compared in: a)Schilder's Disease, b)Devic's Disease, c)Disseminated Sclerosis. a) Schilder's Disease. Parts of the nerve were demyelinated, sometimes extensively so and from these regions the oligodendrocytes had disappeared and there was proliferation of astrocytes. Parallel bundles of fibres with a “railway line” formation, occurred in the cytoplasm of the astrocytes. Phagocytes infiltrated the damaged nerve bundles and the fibrous septa between them. Osmiophilic particles occurred in the astrocytes, capillary endothelial cells and in the phagocytes. The collagen fibres of some septa were widely separated presumably by fluid. b) Devic's Disease. This condition occurred in a patient with active pulmonary tuberculosis. The nerve was extensively demyelinated and showed absence of oligodendrocytes, proliferation of astrocytes and infiltration by macrophages. Some astrocytes possessed Rosenthal fibres. Intranuclear inclusions occurred in the astrocytes and electron dense cytoplasmic inclusions in the capillary endothelial cells and the macrophages. c) Disseminated Sclerosis. Parts of the nerve were partially and other parts completely demyelinated. Oligodendrocytes were absent from the completely demyelinated zones but were present in the partially demyelinated zones. In and around the demyelinated regions, there was proliferation of astrocytes and they frequently exhibited the “railway line” patterns in their cytoplasm. Phagocytes were frequent amongst the degenerating myelin and the proliferating astrocytes and also in the fibrous septa. Some macrophages presented intranuclear inclusions having a “corn on the cob” appearance.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688923
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of cerebral vessels in chick embryo in lead intoxication (1974)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 30 (1974), S. 287-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Lead Toxicity ; Brain ; Cerebral Endothelium ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of cerebral vessels was studied at various stages of brain development in chick embryos exposed to lead intoxication when they were 4 days old. The endothelial cells showed swelling of mitochondria, presence of many cytolysosomal structures, many tubular bodies, and coated vesicles. A few vessels showed attenuation on the lining endothelial cells. The significance of these morphological alterations are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697011
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The fine structure of cerebral blood vessels in chick embryo (1974)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 30 (1974), S. 277-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Chick Embryo ; Brain ; Blood Vessels ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of the blood vessels was studied in the developing brain of chick embryo. The blood vessels were present in the embryos first examined (4 days after incubation) and their number increased in subsequent stages. The endothelial cells were generally large and showed junctional complexes, many microvilli and a large number of cytoplasmic organelles. Many tubular bodies and coated vesicles were also present. The tubular bodies were sometimes noted near the Golgi apparatus, suggesting their origin from this organelle. The mitochondria in the endothelial cells were generally larger than those in the surrounding neuropil. An ill-defined basement membrane-like substance was noted outside some endothelial cells on the 11th day and well formed basement membrane was present in the vessels of 18 day old embryos. A complete subpial astrocytic basement membrane was present from the early stage studied (4 days).
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697010
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tubular structures in arachnoid cells (1974)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 27 (1974), S. 363-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Parallel and Concentric Tubules ; Arachnoid Cells ; Cerebral Glioma ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Parallel and concentric tubules were observed in the cytoplasm of arachnoid cells overlying cerebral gliomas. The parallel tubules were 400–500 Å wide. Their electron dense walls, 150 Å thick lay 200–250 Å apart with distensions up to 400 Å in diameter at irregular intervals between the walls. The walls formed terminal loops limiting up to 4 adjacent tubules; transverse extensions were present between adjacent walls. The tubules sometimes communicated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum from which they may possibly arise. The concentric tubules were 250 Å wide: they communicated at irregular intervals.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690700
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  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural alterations of rat brain microglial cells and pericytes after chronic lead poisoning (1974)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 28 (1974), S. 25-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Chronic Lead Intoxication ; Rat ; Ultrastructure ; Microglia ; Pericytes ; Monocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Wistar rats of both sexes and the same litter were exposed to chronic lead intoxication from birth untill sacrifice 9 months later. Lead was administered as 0.4% solution of lead nitrate in drinking water. Samples from the parietal brain cortex were examined electron microscopically following intracardiac perfusion with paraformaldehyde-glutaraldehyde solution. Similar changes were observed in the microglial cells and the vascular pericytes whereas all the other tissue elements appeared intact. Both cell types hypertrophied, the microglia assumed characteristic spindle or rod shape, the cell organelles increased, the microglial endoplasmic reticulum widened strongly and a large number of lipid inclusions appeared. The latter consisted of large lipid droplets of varying size and shape, containing multiple zones of low density, and a dense component with a coarse granular structure. The similarity in the response of both cell entities to the lesion as well as some probable functions of microglial cells and their relationship to vascular pericytes are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687515
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  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemistry and ultrastructure of atypical myoclonus body (type II) (1974)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 28 (1974), S. 45-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Myoclonic Epilepsy ; Atypical Myoclonus Body (Type II) ; Histochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Histochemical studies of type II myoclonus bodies demonstrated that they were composed of a saccharide-lipid complex with a small amount of protein. In particular, they contained phospholipid, ganglioside and sphingomyelin. The ultrastructure of the bodies revealed that they were bound by a membrane. They were diffusely stippled or homogeneous. They were not formed of filaments or lamellae. Some correlation with microbody or lysosomal structures in association with degeneration of the neurone was suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687517
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  • 33
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    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the outer cortex and thepia mater in man (1974)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 28 (1974), S. 79-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Human Outer Cortex ; Pia Mater
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pia mater consists of a single, interrupted layer of elongated cells which lie fairly close to the surface of the cortex. Granular material and some collagen fibres lie between the pial cells and the cortex, a greater amount of collagen being present where the pial cells are discontinuous. Basement membrane covers the outer aspect of the cortex, the outer layer of which is formed by interlacing astrocyte processes of varying size. The processes are closely applied with occasional desmosomes between them. Projections of astrocyte processes of different dimensions covered by basement membrane extend at irregular intervals from the cortex into the subarachnoid space.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687521
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  • 34
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    Electronic Resource
    Fatal polymyositis: Morphogenesis and ultrastructural features (1974)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 29 (1974), S. 251-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Polymyositis ; Ultrastructure ; Histiocytes ; Birbeck Granules ; Macrophages
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A fatal case of polymyositis in a young female is presented. Two muscle biopsies obtained before and after treatment with large doses of steroids, as well as autopsy tissue, demonstrated widespread degeneration of myofibres associated with cytoplasmic tuboreticular structures resembling paramyxovirus nucleocapsids in capillary endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Aggregates of spherical particles and “simple and granular” nuclear bodies suggested a virus-related or associated etiologic agent. In addition, interstitial cells of mesenchymal origin, probably related to macrophages or histiocytes were present. These contained numerous rodlike profiles or phagolysosomal bodies which resembled “Birbeck” granules. Inflammatory response was very scant. It would appear that polymyositis probably represents a primary reaction to antigemic substances and a morphologic manifestation of altered host macrophage response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00685260
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  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Une inclusion musculaire atypique rare: Les «corps en empreintes digitales» ou «fingerprint bodies» (1974)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 27 (1974), S. 61-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Muscular Pathology ; Ultrastructure ; Abnormal Muscular Inclusion ; Fingerprint Bodies ; Myofilament Synthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary “Fingerprint bodies” are added to the “atypical” formations described in diseased muscle. These subsarcolemmal inclusions are variable in size and number, not membrane-bound and are formed by fine microtubules. They are not characteristic of a specific muscular disease and occur probably along with a focal anomaly of myofilament synthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687241
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  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of the fine structure of small blood vessels in intracranial and retroperitoneal malignant lymphomas (1974)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 27 (1974), S. 93-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Malignant Lymphoma ; Blood Vessels ; Lymphe Node ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of the blood vessels of an apparently primary intracerebral malignant lymphoma was compared with those in another malignant lymphoma in a retroperitoneal lymph node. The essential features of the blood vessels in both cases were the same. They resembled the blood vessels found in normal lymph nodes and were both distinctly different from those seen in normal brain. It was concluded that the direction of differentiation of the blood vessels which arise to nourish the neoplastic tissue is determined by the nature of the tumor rather than the vessels from which they originate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687160
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  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and function of cold receptors (1974)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 352 (1974), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Thermoreceptors ; Cold Receptor ; Ultrastructure ; Receptor Morphology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Afferent impulses were recorded from single fibers serving cold and warm receptors in the skin of the cat's nose. The receptors were carefully tested for specificity and the receptive fields localized under the microscope with a microthermode. Each single fiber served one spot-like receptive field. The field was marked without damaging the nerve ending by inserting two thin stainless steel wires into the skin on both sides of the receptor. Investigation of semithin and ultrathin serial sections by light and electron microscopy revealed beneath each cold spot a dermal papilla which contained a single small myelinated fiber dividing into a number of unmyelinated terminals. Near the epidermis the receptor branches leave their Schwann cell envelope, penetrate the basal lamina of the epithelium, and their tips are invaginated into the cytoplasm of the basal epithelial cells. The basal lamina of the epithelium fuses with that of the receptor axon. The receptor axons contain numerous mitochondria, glycogen particles and a filamentous receptor matrix with vesicles of various sizes. The described structures were absent beneath the warm spots. In addition to the cold receptors, Merkel cell neurite complexes and lamellated encapsulated endings were found that are known to be mechanoreceptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01061945
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  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastruktur des proximalen Nierentubulus nach Behandlung mit einem Pentosanschwefelsäureester (1974)
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 164 (1974), S. 19-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Kidney ; Rat ; Ultrastructure ; Proximal tubule degeneration ; Heparinoid ; Niere ; Ratte ; Ultrastruktur ; Proximale Tubulusdegeneration ; Heparinoid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 24 Std nach i.v. Injektion von 100 mg/kg eines Pentosanschwefelsäureesters (SP 54) sind in der Nierenrinde von Ratten schwere degenerative Veränderungen der proximalen Tubuluszellen zu beobachten. Das Tubulusepithel ist flachkubisch umgewandelt, das Tubuluslumen ist angefüllt mit ausgestoßenen Mitochondrien und anderen Zelltrümmern. Am stärksten betroffen ist die Pars contorta des proximalen Tubulus. Weniger stark veränderte Tubuluszellen sind angefüllt mit Cytosomen, die eine spezifische Feinstruktur haben oder gehäuft gegenüber Kontrollen Cytoplasmaprotrusionen in das Tubuluslumen aufweisen. Die akute Tubulusdegeneration ist ein spezifischer Effekt von SP 54. Heparin bewirkt nur eine leichte Schwellung des Tubulusepithels, die häufiger auftritt als bei Kontrolltieren.
    Notes: Summary 24 hrs after the intravenous injection of 100 mg/kg of a Pentosansulfuricacidester (SP 54) severe degenerative alterations are observed in the proximal tubular cells in rat kidney cortex. The tubular epithelium has changed to a single layer of elongated cubic cells. The tubular lumen is filled with cellular debris and extruded mitochondria. The greatest change is seen in the pars contorta of the proximal tubule. Less degenerated tubular cells have a great number of cytosomes with a specific substructure or have cytoplasmatic protrusions into the tubular lumen. This acute tubular degeneration is a specific event after the administration of SP 54 and is not seen after an equimolar dosis of Heparin. Heparin induces only a slight swelling of the tubular epithelium, more frequent seen as in the control animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01851961
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  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural changes in the smooth musculature of antrum and pylorus in presence of ulcus ventriculi (1974)
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 164 (1974), S. 1-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Pathology ; Ultrastructure ; Smooth muscle ; Ulcus ventriculi ; Pathologie ; Ultrastruktur ; Glatte Muskulatur ; Ulcus ventriculi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde die glatte Muskulatur des Antrum ventriculi sowie des Pylorus von 7 Patienten mit einem oder mehreren Ulcera ventriculi untersucht. Vergleichsweise konnten die entsprechenden Regionen des Magens von 5 normalen Organspendern der elektronenmikroskopischen Präparation zugeführt werden. Elektronenoptisch faßbare Veränderungen fanden sich noch 180 mm von der Ulcusläsion entfernt an den glatten Muskelzellen der inneren Rings- und der äußeren Längsmuskulatur sowie an den Gefäßen. Eine regelmäßig anzutreffende Veränderung der glatten Muskelzellen des Antrum und des Pylorus besteht in einer Strukturverdichtung des Kerns, der sarkoplasmatischen Grundsubstanz und der Myofilamente, kombiniert mit einer Vermehrung und Vergrößerung der hypolemmalen Vesikel, wie der dense bodies. Die Befunde werden als Ausdruck einer starken isometrischen Kontraktion der glatten Muskulatur im Antrum und im Pylorus bei Ulcera ventriculi gedeutet. Die geschilderten Befunde ließen sich an normalem Untersuchungsmaterial nicht erheben. Neben für das Magenulcus unspezifischen pathologischen Befunden an den glatten Muskelzellen, wie Anhäufung von Lipofuscin im Endoplasmahof und Lyse der Myofilamente, konnten spezifische Veränderungen gefunden werden. Diese betreffen die nur im Endoplasmahof differenzierten Räume des endoplasmatischen Reticulums. Bei zahlreichen Muskelzellen der Rings- und Längsmuskelschicht kommt eine extrem starke Quellung des endoplasmatischen Reticulums zur Beobachtung. Die Vacuolisation der endoplasmatischen Räume führt zu einer Verdrängung der übrigen Zellorganellen sowie der Myofilamente. Die Capillarendothelzellen weisen degenerative Veränderungen auf, die zu einem Sistieren cytopemptischer Vorgänge führen. In der arteriolären Gefäßstrecke findet sich vielfach eine starke Kontraktion der glatten Muskulatur bis zum völligen Verschluß der Gefäßlichtung. Auch diese Befunde ließen sich nur an den Mägen mit Ulcera ventriculi, nicht dagegen an dem normalen Vergleichsmaterial erheben.
    Notes: Summary The smooth musculature of antrum and pylorus of 7 patients with one or more stomach ulcers was examined by transmission electron microscopy. Corresponding regions of the stomachs of 5 normal organ donors served as control material. Electronmicroscopically visualizable changes were found at distances of up to 180 mm from the site of ulcerous lesion on the smooth muscle cells of the inner circular and outer longitudinal musculature, also on the blood vessels. A regularly occurring modification of the smooth muscle cells of antrum and pylorus consists of a structural condensation of the nucleus, of the sarcoplasmic ground substance and of the myofilaments, combined with augmentation and distension of the hypolemmal vesicles and of the dense bodies. These findings are interpreted as expression of a pronounced isometric contraction of the smooth musculature in the antrum and pylorus in presence of ulcera ventriculi. Such findings are not obtainable on normal material. Besides pathological modifications at the smooth muscle cells which are unspecific for stomach ulcer, such as accumulation of lipofuscin in the endoplasmatic lacunae and lysis of the myofilaments, specific changes were observed. These concern the interstices of the endoplasmic reticulum to be found only in the endoplasmatic lacunae. In numerous muscle cells of the circular and longitudinal muscle layers an extremely marked distension of the endoplasmic reticulum is found. Vacuolization of the endoplasmic cisternae causes displacement of the other cell organelles and of the myofilaments. The capillary endothelial cells show degenerative changes which bring about arrest of cytopemptic processes. In the arteriolar regions a strong contraction of the smooth musculature, at times resulting in complete occlusion of the vasal lumen, is frequently found. These findings, too, are obtainable only on stomachs with ulcera ventriculi and not on normal control material.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01851960
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  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The fine structure of the lutein cells in the blue fox (Alopex lagopus) with special reference to the secretory activity during pregnancy (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 149 (1974), S. 61-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Ovary ; Blue fox ; Lutein cells ; Plasma progesterone ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An electron microscopic investigation of the lutein cells of the blue fox was undertaken, based on the hypothesis that differences in plasma progesterone levels at differing stages of pregnancy might be reflected in the ultrastructural organization. Comparisons were made between corpora lutea taken from animals mated 1, 2, 5, 14, 18, 20, 28, 33, 36, 39 and 45 days after the estimated time of ovulation. Measurements of progesterone on plasma samples were performed by a rapid competitive protein-binding assay. During the period with increasing and/or high plasma progesterone levels, (i.e. 1 to 14 days after ovulation) the lutein cells are characterized by evenly distributed cisternal agranular ER, mitochondria with both tubular and lamellar cristae, and electron-dense lipid droplets. The abundant agranular ER is closely associated with the lipid droplets and mitochondria. During the period with declining plasma progesterone levels, the lutein cells present a different morphological picture: the agranular ER assumes the form of bundles of parallel tubules disposed in several planes. During the latest stages observed, these “bundles” are disrupted and most of the agranular ER become arranged in smaller concentric whorls. Both kinds of whorls regularly enclose lipid droplets, dense bodies and mitochondria. The regions between the whorls contain scattered cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, mitochondria and lysosome-like dense bodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00209050
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  • 41
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    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of neurohemal organs (paraganglionic plates) of Trogulus nepaeformis (scopoli) (opiliones, trogulidae) and release of neurosecretory material (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 150 (1974), S. 67-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neurosecretion ; Harvestman ; Exocytosis ; Release ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les plaques paraganglionnaires de l'Opilion Trogulus nepaeformis sont des organes neurohémaux constitués d'une lamelle neurale externe, épaisse, en contact avec un sinus sanguin, d'une couche basale de cellules gliales, et de 7 types de terminaisons axonales (A1, A2, B1, B2, B3, B4 and C) renfermant des granules élémentaires qui diffèrent par leur taille, leur densité aux électrons et l'aspect de leur contenu. Les granules de type A1 se déchargent par exocytose dans l'espace extra-axonal, sous la lamelle neurale; ceux de type C se fragmentent en microgranules à contenu dense qui s'accumulent avec des vésicules claires contre l'axolemme en des places suggérant des sites de libération dans l'hémolymphe.
    Notes: Summary The paraganglionic plates of the harvestman, Trogulus, are neurohemal organs composed of a thick neural lamella facing a blood sinus, basal glial cells, and seven distinct types of axon terminals (A1, A2, B1, B2, B3, B4 and C) identified on the basis of elementary granule size, electron density, and structure of contents. The release of A1 type granules occurs by exocytosis into the extraaxonal space below the acellular neural lamella. The release of the content of C granules occurs after fragmentation into small electron dense vesicles. Clusters of these vesicles intermixed with clear vesicles pressing against the axolemma beneath the neural lamella, apparantly correspond to the sites of release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220381
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  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural and cytochemical localization of the storage sites of monoamines in the paraventricular organ of Xenopus laevis tadpoles (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 151 (1974), S. 417-421 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Paraventricular organ ; Xenopus laevis ; Monoamines ; Cytochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ultracytochemical identification of monoamines in the paraventricular organ (PVO) of Xenopus laevis tadpoles was achieved by applying glutaraldehyde-potassium dichromate fixation to the brains. It appears that the amines are concentrated inside elongated or round large granular vesicles within the neurons. The presence of dopamine and, to a lesser extent, of indolamines in neurons of the PVO is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222988
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  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural studies on the development of the nerve supply in the rabbit pars intermedia (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 152 (1974), S. 113-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Rabbit pars intermedia ; Ultrastructure ; Nerve terminal ; PI-type glandular cell ; ACT-type cell
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary By electron microscopy three types of nerve terminals have been identified in adult rabbit pars intermedia (PI). The characteristics of these are described and their development traced. The distribution of nerve terminals and neurons within the PI is documented. In particular the association between types of nerve terminal and the different glandular cells is shown to be precise and selective. Direct innervation of the ACT-type cells in the rabbit PI is described for the first time. The author is particularly grateful to Dr. J. W. B. Bradfield for help in the preparation of this paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224214
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  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A note on the ultrastructure of the Octopus olfactory organ (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 152 (1974), S. 253-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Olfactory organs ; Cephalopods ; Chemoreception ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of the so-called olfactory organ of Octopus vulgaris has been investigated. Electron microscopy shows the superficial layer of the epithelium to consist mainly of cells bearing microvilli. Below this, often very deeply, lie very many large cells, which bear numerous cilia. These cells open to the surface via narrow processes running between the epithelial cells. Although details of their innervation have yet to be established the large cells are assumed to be receptors and these findings are interpreted as evidence that this organ is indeed chemosensory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224699
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  • 45
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    Electronic Resource
    An ultrastructural study of the subcommissural organ cells of the African clawed toad, Xenopus laevis (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 152 (1974), S. 239-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Xenopus laevis ; Histochemistry ; Subcommissural organ (SCO)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ultrastructural features of the subcommissural organ (SCO) cells in larvae (stages 56–58, according to Nieuwkoop and Faber, 1956), toadlets (3 months after metamorphosis) and older toads (2-year old) of Xenopus laevis are described. Several age-related morphological differences in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of the SCO cells have been found. In old toads the rough ER assumes a special “ladder-like” membrane configuration in its cisternal lumen. By means of the periodic acid-chromic acid-silver methenamine (PA-CrA-SM) method, complex carbohydrates are detected electron microscopically in the SCO cells. Positive reactions take place in the cell adhesive apparatus, the secretory granules, part of the Golgi complex, and the intracisternal “ladder-like” structure. Passing through the Golgi complex, the secretory products mature into the secretory granules by association of their proteinaceous component with polysaccharides. The majority of the secretory granules are released from the apical cell surface by means of reverse pinocytosis, while the rest are released through the basal process into the blood circulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224698
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  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Special muscle cells and their innervation in the mammalian small intestine (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 153 (1974), S. 63-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Smooth muscle ; Intestine ; Afferent fibres ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The innermost layer of the circular musculature of the ileum of the guinea-pig, mouse, rat, rabbit, cat and dog is made of special small and dark muscle cells (sd cells), which can be identified by light and electron microscopy. These cells have a higher surface to volume ratio than ordinary muscle cells. They show all the organelles of smooth muscle cells and are in close relationship with a great number of extrinsic and intrinsic nerve fibres. They send numerous thin cytoplasmic processes towards the bulk of the circular layer, but nexuses between the sd cells and ordinary muscle cells are not found. It is suggested that some of the nerve fibres in this part of the circular layer are motor, setting the sd cells to a given length, and some are afferent in luminal pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225446
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  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catalase-like crystals in parathyroid gland cells of Rana temporaria L. (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 153 (1974), S. 167-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Parathyroids ; Rana temporaria ; Crystals ; Ultrastructure ; Catalase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Crystalline inclusions in parathyroid gland cell nuclei of Rana temporaria were studied by electron microscopy using a specimen tilting stage. Images were analysed by optical diffraction. Results were compared with X-ray and electron microscopic data of trigonal bovine liver catalase to which a striking resemblance of the inclusions was found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226605
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  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Connections between adjacent retinula cell columns in the eye of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera, Pyralididae) (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 153 (1974), S. 189-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Eyes ; Retinula ; Ephestia kuehniella ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Im Auge von Ephestia kommen Kontakte zwischen den Zellen benachbarter Retinulae vor. Diese Kontakte finden sich am häufigsten in der Kernregion der Retinulazellen und können 2 oder mehr Retinulae miteinander verbinden. Da keine besonderen Membranstrukturen in der Kontaktzone beobachtet wurden und da andererseits die Retinulazellen auf diesem Niveau und weiter distal Pigmentgranula enthalten, scheinen diese Kontakte weder die Zellen chemisch bzw. elektrisch zu koppeln noch Reizlicht zu übertragen. Vielmehr wird angenommen, daß die Verlagerungen des Cytoplasmas bei Hell-Dunkeladaptation in benachbarten Retinulae durch die gegenseitige Berührung koordiniert werden.
    Notes: Summary Connections were found between retinula cells of adjacent retinula cell columns in the eye of Ephestia. The connections occur most frequently at the level of the retinula cell nuclei and may involve two or more retinula columns simultaneously. The absence of specialized structural modifications of the membranes and the presence of pigment granules at the level of the connections or distal to them indicates that these connections are probably not involved in selective chemical or electrical communication nor in light transmission. It is suggested that the connections may serve tactily to coordinate cytoplasmic movement in adjacent retinula columns during light-dark adaptation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226607
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  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the morphology of the human sertoli cell (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 153 (1974), S. 339-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Sertoli cell, human ; Morphological classification ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary As revealed by light microscopical investigations the human Sertoli cell presents different appearances according to the pattern of infranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions. Although two or three stages of spermatogenesis are seen in a single cross section of a seminiferous tubule the Sertoli cells all show virtually the same features in such a cross sectioned tubule. The different appearances are also evident under the electron microscope. Although no obvious correlation was found with the stages of spermatogenesis in the seminiferous epithelium, the Sertoli cell appearances described here may be assumed to represent different metabolic situations. Other features of Sertoli cell ultrastructure are discussed such as the presence of residual bodies in the apical cytoplasm, glycogen-rich areas protruding towards the tubular lumen or the extracellular space, and membrane bound, round structures, found between the membranes of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and resembling the “microbodies” of steroid producing cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00229163
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  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ultrastructure of the medial preoptic area of the rat (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 153 (1974), S. 517-530 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Medial preoptic area ; Hypothalamus ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The neuronal and glial cell bodies and the neuropil of the medial preoptic area of the rat hypothalamus were studied under the electron microscope. Two different types of neurons are identified on the basis of electron density. These two types differed in a number of ultrastructural features. Three types of nerve terminals based on vesicle morphology are also described, as well as the general structure of the axons, dendrites and synapses in the neuropil. The structure of oligodendrocytes and astrocytes is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00231544
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  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of castration on incorporation of exogenous peroxidase into “synaptic” vesicles of the median eminence (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 155 (1974), S. 1-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Median eminence ; Agranular and granular vesicles ; Horseradish peroxidase ; Micro-pinocytosis ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nerve profiles in the basal part of the palisade zone of rat median eminence have been divided into 4 categories on the basis of their vesicular content: profiles a with agranular vesicles of about 50 nm, b with similar agranular vesicles and also with granular vesicles of mainly 70–140 nm, c with granular vesicles alone and d without vesicles. After intravenous injection of exogenous peroxidase, castrated male rats showed, in comparison to sham-operated controls, a 3–5 fold increase in the percentage of nerve profiles of category a which contained peroxidase loaded vesicles of about 50 nm. In contrast, no significant change was observed for nerve profiles of other categories. It is concluded that exogenous peroxidase may be used to demonstrate changes in the activity of tuberoinfundibular nerve terminals at the ultrastructural level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220280
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    Ultrastructural changes in the tail muscles of anuran tadpoles during metamorphosis (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 155 (1974), S. 321-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Muscle fibres (Tadpole tail) ; Degeneration ; Macrophages ; Autophagic vacuoles ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary This report describes histochemical and ultrastructural studies of tail muscles in tadpoles of Rana japonica and Rana catesbeiana during metamorphosis, this process being accompanied by degeneration of the tail. Degeneration of individual tail muscles does not occur at the same time; this is true for both the red and white muscle fibres. The initial phase of degeneration showed mesenchymal macrophages first invading the muscle fibres and then sending out many long cytoplasmic processes which split the fibres apart. The disappearance of myofibrils during degeneration proceeds along at least two different mechanisms even within a single muscle fibre. In one type, the Z-band becomes diffuse and then disappears, resulting in fragmentation of the myofibrils at the sites previously occupied by the Z-bands. The second pattern of degeneration is characterized by disappearance of the Z-band followed by a fanning out of the myofilaments not associated with fragmentation of myofibrils. As atrophy of muscle fibres proceeds, acid phosphatase activity is localized in the perinuclear sarcoplasm. Macrophages show more intense acid phosphatase activity than do the muscle fibres. The formation of autophagic vacuoles is described and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222809
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  • 53
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    Electronic Resource
    Umweltschutz (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 49-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050112
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  • 54
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    Einführung in die Elektrochemie fester Stoffe. Von H. Rickert, Universität Dortmund. 1. Auflage, Springer-Verlag Berlin - Heidelberg - New York 1973. 223 Seiten, 64 Bilder, gebunden. Preis DM 46, - , US-Dollar 18,90 (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 51-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050114
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  • 55
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    Electronic Resource
    Grundlagen metallischer Werkstoffe, Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz. Von einem Autorenkollektiv. 1. Auflage, VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig 1973. 147 Seiten, 99 Bilder, 14 Tabellen, Kunststoffolie. Preis 9, -  M (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 52-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050122
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  • 56
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    Rohr-Innendruck-Zeitstanduntersuchungen bei überlagerter Heißdampf-Korrosion Versuchsaufbau, Methode und Prüfung von Rohrmaterial der Legierung Incoloy 800 (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 34-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Stress-Rupture Testing of Tubing under Superimposed Steam Corrosion Attack. Experimental Set-Up, Method, and Results of Incoloy Alloy 800 Tube Long-Time Testing. A special experimental set-up was built for long-time stress-rupture testing of tubing under biaxial stresses and superimposed steam corrosion attack. The principles of its construction and the applied testing method, but also the results of Incoloy Alloy 800 thin wall tube testing at constant load, pressurized with argon or steam, are described.At 650 and 700 °C the mechanical properties (strength, ductility) were not influenced by the superimposed corrosion attack. The increase in surface and bulk oxidation, varying with the stress level, is explained by the influence of creep rate and the state of surface oxidation at the time of exposure when the tertiary creep is beginning to be effective.
    Notes: Zur Messung der Zeitstandfestigkeit von Rohrmaterial bei dreiachsiger Beanspruchung und überlagerter Heißdampf-Korrosion wurde ein eigener Prüfstand erstellt. Es werden die Prinzipien seines Aufbaues und der angewandten Prüfmethode sowie die Ergebnisse von Zeitstand Untersuchungen an dünnwandigen Rohren der Legierung Incoloy 800 in Argon und überhitztem Wasserdampf beschrieben.Sie zeigen, daß bei 650 und 700 °C die Festigkeit und die Dehnung dieser Legierung durch den oxidativen Angriff nicht verändert werden. Die verstärkte Korrosion wird hinsichtlich ihres unterschiedlichen Ausmaßes und Oxidwachstums durch den Einfluß der Kriechgeschwindigkeit und des Oxidationszustandes der Oberfläche zum Zeitpunkt des Einsetzens des tertiären Abschnittes der Kriechkurve erklärt.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050107
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  • 57
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    Allgemeine Werkstoffkunde für Ingenieurschulen. Autorenkollektiv unter Federführung von Fachschuldozent Dipl.-Ing. H. Opitz. 7. verbesserte Auflage, VEB Fachbuchverlag, Leipzig 1973. 307 Seiten, 227 Bilder, 64 Tabellen. Halbgewebeeinb. Preis 12,80 M (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 51-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050113
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  • 58
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    Baustoffe für tragende Bauteile. Band 3: Metallische Stoffe: Stahl, Aluminium, Metallkorrosion. Von Prof Dr.-Ing. Karlhans Wesche. 1. Auflage, Bauverlag GmbH, Wiesbaden und Berlin 1973. 156 Seiten, viele Bilder, viele Tabellen, 17 × 23 cm. Glanzfolie. Preis DM 28, -  (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 51-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050117
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  • 59
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    Bruchmechanik. Grundlagen, Prüfmethoden, Anwendungsgebiete. Von Prof. Dr. sc. techn. Horst Blumenauer u. Dr.-Ing. Gerhard Pusch. 1. Auflage, VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig 1973. 138 Seiten, 105 Bilder, 20 Tabellen, DIN A 5. Preis 14,80 M (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 52-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050121
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  • 60
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    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050201
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  • 61
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    Torsionswechselversuch mit kaltpreßgeschweißten Zirkonium/Stahl-Proben (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 72-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Torsional cycling of cold pressure welded zirconium/steel-specimens. Low-cycle fatigue of cold pressure welder zirconium/steel-specimens has been studied in cyclic torsion. The critical number of cycles Ncr instead of the number of cycles to final failure Nf is taken for evaluation of the endurance life in low-cycle fatigue. Ncr is defined as the number of cycles leading to the formation of a crack which noticeably weakens the specimen. The relationship NKra · Δγ = const. is achieved for bonded specimens. The results have been correlated with the observations in unwelded zirconium and steel to predict the endurance life of bonded specimens. Microstructure studies revealed crack initiation at points of intense slip in zirconium. Fracture occured always in zirconium outside the welded zone.
    Notes: Plastoermüdung (low-cycle fatigue) an kaltpreßgeschweißten Zirkonium/Stahl-Proben wurde im Torsionswechselversuch untersucht. Zur Bestimmung der Lebensdauer bei Plastoermüdung wurde die kritische Lastspielzahl NKr anstelle der Bruchlastspielzahl NB verwendet. NKr ist die Lastspielzahl, bei der Risse auftreten, die die Probe merklich schwächen. Der Zusammenhang NKra. Δγ = C wurde auch für geschweißte Proben gewonnen. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit den Beobachtungen an ungeschweißten Proben in Zusammenhang gebracht, um die Lebensdauer der geschweißten Proben voraussagen zu können. Mikroskopische Untersuchungen zeigten die Anrißbildung an Stellen intensiver Gleitung in Zirkonium. Der Bruch erfolgte immer außerhalb der Schweißnaht im Zirkonium.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050205
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  • 62
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    Electronic Resource
    Holographische Schwingungsanalyse (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 138-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Holographic Vibration Analysis. With the time averaging method of the holographic interferometry it is possible to measure the vibration amplitudes of models excited by natural or forced vibration. The models must not be plane and only opaque reflecting. In a few examples we demonstrate the determination of stress distributions on complicated solid structures (value plates) and fluid-solid systems. Such vibration states also occur after short time loading in the following steady state. We use a periodic excitation with frequencies between 100 Hz and 10 kHz and vibration amplitudes of about 1 μm. Edge stresses of about 10 kp/cm2 are measured on a vibrating valve plate with a thickness of 0,5 mm. The investigation of fluid-solid systems shows a diminuition of the natural frequency caused by the fluid component.
    Notes: Mit dem Zeitmittelungsverfahren der holographischen Interferometrie lassen sich bekanntlich die Schwingungsamplituden von Bauteilen, die durch Eigenschwingungen oder erzwungene Schwingungen hervorgerufen werden, auch an nicht ebenen und nicht spiegelnden Modellen bestimmen. Es wird gezeigt, wie man bei komplizierten geometrischen Strukturen (Ventilplatten) sowie festflüssigen Systemen Schwingungszustände quantitativ ermitteln kann, wie sie auch nach kurzzeitiger Belastung im darauf folgenden eingeschwungenen Zustand auftreten. Es wurde eine periodische Anregung mit einer Frequenz zwischen 100 Hz und 10 kHz und eine Schwingungsamplitude von ca. 1 μm benutzt. Dabei wurden Biegespannungsamplituden von ca. 10 kp/cm2 bei einer 0.5 mm dicken Ventilplatte gemessen. Bei den untersuchten festflüssigen Systemen wurde eine Verringerung der Eigenfrequenz durch die flüssige Komponente festgestellt.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050307
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  • 63
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    Der Einfluß von Niob auf die Zeitstandfestigkeit von Schleudergußlegierungen mit 25% Chrom und 20% NickelHerrn Professor Dr.-Ing. E. h. Helmut Wagner zur Vollendung seines 65. Lebensjahres gewidmet (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 155-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The Influence of Niobium on the Creep Rupture Strength of Centrifugally Cast Alloys Containing 25% Chromium and 20% Nickel. The material most frequently used in chemical furnace construction is G-X 40 CrNiSi 25 20 steel. Because of the change to larger units and the increase in operating pressure and temperature it is often no longer possible to obtain sufficiently long on-stream times with this alloy. The development consequently turned to new alloy variants which held out promise of an improved creep rupture strength, with undiminished resistance to corrosion. By adding niobium to alloys containing 25% chromium and 20% nickel it is possible to improve the thermal stability of centrifugal castings. The creep rupture strength data of two niobium-containing melts of this type of steel were determined experimentally. The creep rupture strength characteristics of the CrNi-containing centrifugally cast alloys with and without niobium was compared by platting the scatter jointly on one chart.
    Notes: Der im Chemieofenbau zur Zeit am häufigsten verwendete Werkstoff ist der G-X 40 CrNiSi 25 20. Durch den Übergang zu größeren Einheiten und das Ansteigen von Druck und Temperatur lassen sich mit dieser Legierung vielfach keine ausreichend langen Betriebszeiten mehr erreichen. Die Entwicklung ging daher zu neuen Legierungsvarianten, die eine bessere Zeitstandfestigkeit bei unverminderter Korrosionsbeständigkeit versprachen. Durch das Zulegieren von Niob läßt sich die Warmfestigkeit der Schleudergußqualitäten mit 25 % Chrom und 20 % Nickel verbessern. Die Zeitstandfestigkeitskennwerte von zwei niobhaltigen Schmelzen dieses Stahltyps wurden in Versuchen ermittelt. Der Vergleich der Zeitstandfestigkeitskennwerte der CrNi-haltigen Schleudergußsorten mit und ohne Niob ist anhand eines gemeinsamen Streubandes durchgeführt worden.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050310
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  • 64
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    Electronic Resource
    Firmennachrichten (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 172-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050315
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  • 65
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    Mechanische Eigenschaften und Haftung von Zunderschichten - Einfluß auf die Oxidation von Metallen-. Von A. Rahmel, Frankfurt/Main, und J. Manenc, Saint-Germain-en-Laye. Schriftenreihe Korrosion 24. 1. Auflage, 1973, Verlag Chemie GmbH, Weinheim. 91 Seiten, 132 Bilder, 18 Tabellen (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 175-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050319
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  • 66
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    Hochtemperatur-Plastizität. Von B. Ilschner, Erlangen-Nürnberg. Reine und angewandte Metallkunde in Einzeldarstellungen: Herausgeber: W. Köster, 1. Auflage, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York 1973, 314 Seiten, 123 Bilder, gebunden DM 58,-; US-Dollar 23,80 (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 176-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050322
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  • 67
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    Veranstaltungskalender (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. A38 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050513
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  • 68
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    Gesetzmäßigkeiten im Verhalten duroplastischer Kunststoffe auf der Basis von Phenolharz (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 324-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Procedure of behavior of phenolic moulded material. Investigations of composites (multiphase systems) from resin/wood flour/stone powder show that the properties of these phenolic plastics are connected with composition of material and technical climate.The knowledge of these connections allows an economic selection of parts produced by moulded material for various requirements.
    Notes: Untersuchungen an duroplastischen Formstoffen, bestehend aus den Hauptkomponenten Harz/Holzmehl/Gesteinsmehl, zeigen, daß eindeutige Zusammenhänge zwischen Zusammensetzung dieser Teilchenverbundwerkstoffe, technoklimatischer Einflüsse und der daraus resultierenden Werkstoffeigenschaften bestehen. Die Kenntnis dieser Zusammenhänge ermöglicht eine wirtschaftliche Werkstoffauswahl und ein werkstoffgerechtes Dimensionieren von Bauteilen, die aus duroplastischen Formmassen hergestellt sind.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050608
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  • 69
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    Probleme der Kriechstromfestigkeit: Untersuchungen über den Einfluß der Prüflösung (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 437-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Problems of Tracking Tests: Influence of the Test Solution. This Paper reports on the influence of different electrolyts to the results of tracking tests. Specially the influence of the resistivity and the chemical components were explored. 34 materials were tested and the measured values of 16 are fixed in a table. In case of some of them the results are graphically described.
    Notes: Es wird über die Auswirkung unterschiedlicher Prüflösungen auf das Ergebnis der Kriechstromfestigkeits-Prüfung von Isolierstoffen berichtet. Besonders wird der Einfluß des spezifischen Widerstandes und der chemischen Zusammensetzung der Prüflösung untersucht. Die Ergebnisse sind graphisch für einige Beispiele dargestellt und tabellarisch für 16 von 34 untersuchten Isolierstoffen zusammengefaßt.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050807
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    Nachruf für Herrn Professor Dr. phil. Adolf Rose (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 390-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050708
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  • 71
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    Firmennachrichten (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 451-451 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050810
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  • 72
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    Kurze Informationen (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 448-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050809
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    Zum Einfluß wechselnder Temperaturen auf das Zeitstandverhalten von NickellegierungenDie Arbeit wurde vom Bundesministerium für Verteidigung mit Mitteln aus dem Programm Zukunfts-Technik-Luftfahrt unterstützt. (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 258-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Effect of Alternating Temperatures on the Creep Strength of Nickel Alloys. The design of parts for duty under creep stresses, such as turbine blades, had conventionally been rested on the assumption of linearly accumulating damage in the presence of alternating temperatures. Experimental work on nickel alloys has now shown that the damage will not generally accumulate linearly. Temperature alternations, when superimposed upon creep stresses, will cause multiplicative damage by impairing the creep strength and on occasion substantially promoting creep.
    Notes: Beim Auslegen zeitstandbeanspruchter Teile, wie Turbinenschaufeln, wird bisher unter wechselnden Temperaturen eine lineare Schadenssummierung angenommen. Versuche an Nickellegierungen zeigen, daß lineare Schadenssummierung im allgemeinen nicht zutrifft. Der Zeitstandbeanspruchung überlagerte Temperaturwechsel schädigen multiplikativ durch Vermindern der Zeitstandfestigkeit und teilweise erheblichem Erhöhen des Kriechens.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050506
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    Firmennachrichten (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 279-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050511
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  • 75
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    Masthead (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050601
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  • 76
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    Werkstoffzuverlässigkeit in der Tribologie (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 308-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The Reliability of Materials in Tribology. The reliability of materials is, in general, reduced by lack of knowledge or the disregard of reaction mechanisms, by the disturbance of chemical or physical conditions of equilibrium and by changes in systems (e. g. combinations of materials, manufacturing processes, interaction with the environment etc.) entailing serious consequences.In the field of tribology, the following examples may be encountered:- Reaction mechanisms: Irreversible single threshold value: Transition from a metastable to a stable system; Crystallisation of synthetic materials; Abrasion phenomena with coating layers. Reversible threshold value: Volume change due to changes in physical state; Reversible structural transition. Irreversible cumulative threshold value: Influence of light on the resinification of lubricants; Crack development in the case of fatigue failures; Structurally unstable surface layers; Structural ageing phenomena.- Equilibrium: Wear/repolishing equilibrium; Tribological equilibrium of the surface structure; Compatibility of bearing materials; Consumption of additives in lubricating oil; Tribology and corrosion.- Interactions and system changes: General influence of basic materials; Interactions and catalysis; Evaporation of synthetic materials; Cleaning systems; Vibration.
    Notes: Die Zuverlässigkeit wird bei Werkstoffen im wesentlichen durch Unkenntnis oder Nichtbeachtung von Reaktionsmechanismen, durch Störung von chemischen oder physikalischen Gleichgewichten und durch folgenschwere Änderungen in Systemen (Werkstoffkombinationen, Fabrikationsabläufe, Wechselwirkung mit Umgebung usw.) beeinträchtigt. Auf das Gebiet der Tribologie übertragen, ergeben sich etwa folgenden Beispiele:- Reaktionsmechanismen: Irreversibler oder einfacher Schwellenwert; Übergang von einem metastabilen in ein stabiles System; Abrieberscheinungen bei Deckschichten. Reversibler Schwellenwert: Volumenänderung bei Änderungen des Aggregatzustandes; reversible Strukturumwandlungen. Irreversibler kumulativer Schwellenwert; Lichteinfluß auf die Verharzung von Schmiermitteln. Rißausbreitung bei Dauerschwingbrüchen; strukturinstabile Oberflächenschichten; strukturelle Alterungsvorgänge.- Gleichgewichte: Abnützungs/Repolitur-Gleichgewicht; tribologisches Gleichgewicht der Oberflächenstruktur; Kompatibilität von Lagerwerkstoffen; Aufbrauchen von Additiven im Schmieröl; Tribologie und Korrosion.- Wechselwirkungen und Systemänderungen: Einfluß der Grundwerkstoffe allgemein; Wechselwirkungen und Katalyse; Kunststoffausdünstungen; Reinigungssysteme; Vibrationen.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050605
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  • 77
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    Zerstörung von Hubschrauberturbinen durch Einsatz eines Stahles in korrosionsanfälligem Zustand bei gleichzeitig nicht werkstoffgerechter Konstruktion (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 9-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Failure of Helicopter Turbines Caused by Use of Steel in Corrodible Condition Aggravated by Incorrect Construction. Impeller compressors of steel X 15 Cr 13 were not drawn up as usual to 725 °C but only to 540 °C after hardening, in order to maintain high strength. By this treatment the steel becomes especially sensitive to corrosion, because a network of Chromium carbide is precipitated on the former austenit grain boundaries. Nevertheless the impellers reached the stipulated lifetime, since the corrosive agent  -  the condensed moisture of the air  -  is eliminated by centrifugal force. After an apparently insignificant variation of construction, the water was retained in a rim and the impellers were destructed due to stress corrosion and corrosion fatigue.
    Notes: Axialverdichterräder aus Turbinenschaufelstahl X 15 Cr 13 wurden nach dem Härten nicht wie üblich auf 725 °C, sondern nur auf 540 °C angelassen, um eine möglichst hohe Festigkeit zu erzielen. Der Stahl wird durch diese Behandlung besonders korrosionsanfällig, da sich ein Netz von Chromkarbiden auf den ehemaligen Austenitkorngrenzen ausscheidet. Die Räder erreichten dennoch die vorgeschriebene Lebensdauer, weil die als Korrosionsmedium wirkende, aus der anströmenden Luft niedergeschlagene Feuchtigkeit aufgrund der hohen Fliehkraft abgeschleudert wurde. Durch eine anscheinend unbedeutende konstruktive Änderung  -  das Andrehen eines Wuchtringes  -  wurde die Feuchtigkeit jedoch gestaut, so daß die Räder infolge von Spannungs- bzw. von Schwingungsrißkorrosion brachen.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050103
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  • 78
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    Firmennachrichten (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 46-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050111
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  • 79
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    Neue Produkte, Maschinen, Geräte und Arbeitsverfahren (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 43-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050110
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  • 80
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    Datenverarbeitung für Ingenieure des Maschinenbaus und der Elektrotechnik. Von Dr. W. Haacke. 1. Auflage, B. G. Teubner, Stuttgart 1973. 315 Seiten, 204 Bilder und Tafeln, DIN C 5, kart. Preis DM 29, -  (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 51-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050116
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  • 81
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    Prüfung und Untersuchung der Korrosionsbeständigkeit von Stählen. Verein Deutscher Eisenhüttenleute, Bearbeitet vom Unterausschuß für Korrosion des Werkstoffausschusses. 1. Auflage, Verlag Stahleisen mbH., Düsseldorf, 1973, 120 Seiten, 140 Bilder, 10 Tafeln, Größe DIN 5 VIII Preis DM 42, -  (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 108-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050214
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  • 82
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    Zur Problematik der zerstörungsfreien Materialprüfung (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 109-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Problems of Non-Destructive Testing [NDT]. It is the main aim of NDT, to look for symptoms, being qualitatively reliable, and characteristics, being quantitatively evaluable, of voluminous flaws, discontinuities and other imperfections, and to do this without any damage of the workpiece. If defects or imperfections are detected, in addition to that, a statement about their actual importance and their avoidance in future must be given. In combination with that, conclusions about kind, conditions, and, consequently, about properties of processing and practical use of the inspected material must be drawn, either from the workpiece itself or from specially required specimens, but again without any damage, i. l. the specimens remaining applicable for other investigations. The real problems of nondestructive inspection of materials and components are  -  besides from reliable further development of inspection methods  -  the combination of test result with result of stress analysis, related to properties and stress of the inspected material. A systematical survey of possibilities of destructive and nondestructive materials testing may be helpful to find a solution of these problems.
    Notes: Die Suche nach qualitativ zuverlässigen Symptomen und quantitativ auswertbaren Kennwerten für Volumenfehler, Trennungen und andere Unstetigkeiten in Werkstücken ohne deren Verletzung und verbunden mit der Aussage über die praktische Bedeutung und künftige Vermeidbarkeit etwa gefundener Mängel oder Fehler ist die Aufgabe der zerstörungsfreien Materialprüfung. Die Aufgabe der mit ihr verbundenen zerstörungsfreien Werkstoffprüfung ist, Aussagen über die Art, den Zustand und wichtige, dadurch bedingte Verarbeitungs- und Gebrauchseigenschaften von Werkstoffen wenn möglich am Werkstück selbst oder an dafür erforderlichen, aber für weitere Untersuchungen verwendbaren Proben ohne deren Beschädigung zu gewinnen. Die eigentliche Problematik der zerstörungsfreien Material- und Werkstoffprüfung ist neben einer verläßlichen Weiterentwicklung und Anwendung dieser Verfahren deren schlußfolgernde Verbindung mit den Erkenntnissen der werkstoff- und beanspruchungsbezogenen Festigkeitsforschung. Eine systematische Übersicht über die Aussagemöglichkeiten der zerstörenden und der nichtzerstörenden Material- und Werkstoffprüfung kann die Lösung dieser Problematik fördern helfen.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050302
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  • 83
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    Pitting by Sea Water of austenitic stainless steel (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 81-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Lochfraß an einem austenitischen Stahl. Wärmetauscher in einer Schwefelsäurefabrik waren mit Rohren aus Nicrofer 3620 bestückt. Als Kühlmedium diente Meerwasser. Innerhalb 5 Wochen nach Inbetriebnahme fielen mehrere Rohre durch Lochfraß aus. Dies bestätigt erneut, daß rostbeständige Stähle ohne Molybdän für derartige Einsatzfälle nicht geeignet sind.
    Notes: A sulfuric acid plant was equipped with heat exchangers with Nicrofer 3620 tubing. The cooling medium was sea water. Within 5 weeks after start-up some of the tubes failed by pitting, showing that it is impossible to use stainless steel as a heat transfer material in sea water unless the molybdenum content is very high.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050207
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  • 84
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    Firmennachrichten (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 105-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050211
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  • 85
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    Maschinenteile, Band 2. Köhler/Rögnitz herausgegeben von Dr.- Ing. J. Pokorny; 4. neubearbeitete und erweiterte Auflage. Verlag B. G. Teubner, Stuttgart 1973, VIII 353 Seiten, 291 Bilder, 88 Tafeln, DIN C 5, Preis DM 49, -  (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 108-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050215
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  • 86
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    Anwendung der holografischen Interferometrie in der zerstörungsfreien Werkstoffprüfung (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 128-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Usage of Holographic Interferometry for Non-Destructive Materials Testing. Holographic interferometry has meanwhile developed into a usable method for non-destructive materials testing, which permits even large-area components to be tested by using high-power lasers. Recording the fringe structures makes a subsequent detailed resolution evaluation possible. Appraisal of the video recordings makes the origin and change of the secondary interference fringes clearly recognizable and interpretable and thus substantiates very informatively the introduction of holographic interferometry for non-destructive materials testing.
    Notes: Die holografische Interferometrie hat sich inzwischen zu einer brauchbaren Methode der zerstörungsfreien Werkstoffprüfung entwickelt, wobei durch den Einsatz leistungsstarker Laser auch großflächige Bauelemente untersucht werden können. Durch Aufzeichnung der Streifenstrukturen wird eine detailliert auflösbare spätere Auswertung ermöglicht. Die Begutachtung von Video-Aufzeichnungen macht das Entstehen und die Änderung von sekundären Interferenzstreifen deutlich erkennbar und deutbar und begründet so sehr aufschlußreich die Einführung der holografischen Interferometrie in die zerstörungsfreie Werkstoffprüfung.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050305
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  • 87
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    Lasertechnik in der zerstörungsfreien Werkstoffprüfung  -  ein neues holographisches Verfahren (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 142-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Non-destructive Testing by Laser Measuring Techniques  -  A New Holographic Method. Holographic Non Destructive Testing is well suited for materials with a low elasticity modulus or bad heat conductivity, like rubber, metal-rubber-connections, adhesive connections, plastics, and fiber-reinforced plastics. The advantage of holographic testing lies in the fact that a near to true stress is possible. This stress occurs with only a fraction of the force necessary to damage the part. In many cases there is a relation between the holographic evidence and the breaking limit. By a new method the evaluation of the holograms is much more easier, because only objects with defects are showing deformation fringes.
    Notes: In der zerstörungsfreien Werkstoffprüfung findet die Holographie vorzugsweise bei Werkstoffen mit niedrigem Elastizitätsmodul oder schlechten Wärmeleiteigenschaften (beispielsweise Gummi, Metall-Gummi-Verbindungen, Verklebungen, Kunststoffen, verstärkten Kunststoffen) Anwendung. Es ist aber auch eine Prüfung von metallischen Teilen möglich.Der Vorteil der holographischen Prüfung liegt in der Möglichkeit einer wirklichkeitsnahen Beanspruchung. Diese Beanspruchung geschieht nur mit einem Bruchteil der Last, die zur Zerstörung des Teils führen würde. In vielen Fällen läßt sich also eine Relevanz zwischen holographischer Aussage und der Bruchgrenze eines Bauteils angeben. Durch ein neues Verfahren läßt sich die Auswertung der holographischen Aufnahmen wesentlich vereinfachen, so daß nur Teile mit Fehlern Verformungslinien aufweisen.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050308
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  • 88
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    Die Qualitätsprüfung geschweißter Rohre in der Schweißstraße unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Indikation der Kalt- oder Mattschweißung (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 159-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Testing of Welded Pipes to Indicate Pasting or Stuck Welding. Inspecting the seams of continuously welded tubes by the aid of electromagnetic or ultrasonic methods it was up to now impossible to indicate the so-called „pasting“ or „stuck welding“. This defect causes no discontinuities but results in a reduced strength of the welding. By additionally using an infrared method by which the welding seam is scanned 1000 times per second immediately after the weld station over a width of 1 mm, the transformation of energy which answers for the occurence of the above mentioned defect can be traced minutely. Two infrared scanners at a distance of about 50 cm inform about any internal or external undertemperature during the welding process. Hereby, the last up to now undetectable weld defect can be indicated by an automatic test equipment, too.
    Notes: Bei der Schweißnahtprüfung von kontinuierlich geschweißten Rohren mit elektromagnetischen und Ultraschallverfahren war es bisher nicht möglich, einen Schweißfehler, nämlich die sogenannte Kalt- oder Mattschweißung zur Anzeige zu bringen. Diese Fehlererscheinung äußert sich durch keinerlei Diskontinuitäten, sondern lediglich durch Verringerung der Festigkeit der Schweißnaht. Durch zusätzliche Verwendung eines Infrarotverfahrens mit 1000 Abtastungen der Schweißnaht pro Sekunde in einer Breite von 1 mm unmittelbar hinter der Schweißung läßt sich der Energieumsatz, der für diese Fehlererscheinung verantwortlich ist, genau verfolgen. Durch Verwendung von zwei Infrarot-Scannern, die etwa 50 cm auseinanderliegen, ergibt sich eine Analyse, in welchem Nahtbereich innen oder außen Untertemperatur beim Schweißen geherrscht hat. Damit wird auch der letzte bisher nicht erkennbare Schweißfehler durch eine automatische Prüfanlage erfaßt.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050311
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  • 89
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    High Temperature Brittle Fracture of Austenitic Stainless Flange (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 217-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Hochtemperatur-Sprödbruch eines Flansches aus austenitischem Stahl. Ein angeschweißter Flansch aus dem rostbeständigen Stahl Typ 321 riß einen Monat nach der Installation. Er war am Ausgang des Abhitzekessels im Reformergasteil einer Ammoniakanlage angeordnet. Ein zuvor eingebauter Flansch aus dem gleichen Werkstoff war hingegen erst nach 4 2/3 Jahren zu Bruch gegangen, und zwar infolge Kriechens.Der neuerlich eingetretene Kurzzeitschaden zeigte im wesentliche interkristallinen Rißverlauf, hatte jedoch nicht das für einen Zeitstandbruch typische Aussehen. Da das Gefüge Sigmaphase aufwies, die während des Betriebes nicht entstanden sein konnte, mußte die Schadensursache in der Wärmebehandlung gesucht werden.
    Notes: A 321 SS 16″ 400 lb. flange, located at the exit of the waste heat boiler in a reformer gas line, was subjected to high line expansions stresses. It failed in creep rupture after 4 2/3 years. An expansion joint was installed to absorb the line stresses. The new 321 flange broke in 30 days. The fracture was mostly intergranular but definitely not of the creep type. Large stringers in the matrix, associated with the forging direction, were identified as sigma phase. Since process temperature was 1135 °F and metal temperature 890 °F, the formation of sigma by process conditions within 30 days was highly unlikely. Heat treating parameters which could have caused this condition were established.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050409
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  • 90
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    Die wichtigsten physikalischen Eigenschaften von 52 Eisenwerkstoffen. Von F. Richter. Stahleisen-Sonderbericht Heft 8. 1. Auflage, Verlag Stahleisen m.b.H. Düsseldorf 1973. 32 Seiten, 13 Bilder, DIN A 4., kart., Preis DM 22,- (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 232-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050419
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  • 91
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    Wasserstoffversprödung von Titan und Titanlegierungen (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 233-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Hydrogen-embrittlement of Titanium and Titanium-Alloys. The influence of hydrogen-embrittlement on mechanical properties, especially on plastic deformation of titanium and its alloys is described. Even less than 200 ppm H may result in embrittlement. Titanium is sensitive to hydrogen-embrittlement at high speed of deformation; titanium-alloys in a notched condition at low speed of deformation. Hydrogen dissolution can be avoided or diminished by thin oxide layers. The connection between hydrogen-embrittlement and stresscorrosion-cracking is shown on different examples. Alloys with high content of aluminium are most sensitive against this sort of embrittlement.
    Notes: Der Einfluß einer Wasserstoffversprödung auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften, insbesondere die plastische Verformung von Titan und seinen Legierungen werden beschrieben. Bereits geringe Anteile von Wasserstoff in der Größenordnung von ≦ 200 ppm können sich ungünstig auswirken. Titan ist bei einer hohen Verformungsgeschwindigkeit und Titanlegierungen sind bei einer niedrigen Verformungsgeschwindigkeit insbesondere im gekerbten Zustand empfindlich gegen die Wasserstoffversprödung. Durch dünne Oxidschichten kann die Wasserstoffaufnahme verhindert oder vermindert werden. An verschiedenen Beispielen wird der enge Zusammenhang zwischen Wasserstoffversprödung und Spannungsrißkorrosion aufgezeigt. Legierungen mit hohen Gehalten an Aluminium sind besonders empfindlich gegen diese Art der Versprödung.
    Additional Material: 24 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050502
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  • 92
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    Berichtigung (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 273-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050508
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  • 93
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    Firmennachrichten (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 279-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050510
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  • 94
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    Vorschau (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. A38 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050514
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  • 95
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    Schwingfestigkeit. Von Autorenkollektiv Dr.-Ing. W. Günther. 1. Auflage, VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig 1974. 448 Seiten, 350 Bilder, 16,5 x 23 cm, Leinen. Preis DM 60,- (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 231-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050415
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  • 96
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    Strahlenschutz. Radioaktive Stoffe - Röntgengeräte. Von H. Schmatz und M. Nöthlichs. Ergänzbare Auflage, Erich Schmidt Verlag Berlin, 1973. 506 Seiten, DIN A 5, einschl. Plastikordner Preis DM 49,- (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 232-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050420
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  • 97
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    Masthead (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050501
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  • 98
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    Veranstaltungskalender (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. A30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050422
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  • 99
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    Electronic Resource
    Ultraschallverfahren zur Bestimmung der Anzahl von Einschlüssen in Materialproben  -  eine kritische Betrachtung empfohlener MethodenErweiterte Fassung eines Vortrags von der Jahrestagung der DGZfP 1973 in Salzburg/Freilassing (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 242-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Ultrasonic test procedure to determine the number of inclusions in material samples  -  a critical analysis of recommended methods. To judge the specific properties of metals one tries to determine the quantity and distribution of the non-metallic inclusions. But the microscopic procedures used so far are destructive and do further not refer to the volume, but rather to the surface of the micrograph sample. Contrary to these methods the inspection by ultrasound is non-destructive and wellsuited for the volumetric detection of inclusions. The possibilities of the ultrasonic pulse-echo-method for cleanliness rating are being checked. Based on the respective results there is a critical view on the ultrasonic test methods which have been recommended so far. Proposals will be made how to make the optimum use of the advantages of the ultrasonic inspection when determining the purity degree of a sample.
    Notes: Zur Beurteilung der Gebrauchseigenschaften von Metallen sucht man die Anzahl und die Verteilung der nichtmetallischen Einschlüsse zu bestimmen. Dabei sind die bisher benutzten mikroskopischen Verfahren nicht zerstörungsfrei und auch nicht auf das Volumen, sondern auf die Oberfläche der Schliffproben bezogen. Die Ultraschallprüfung ist demgegenüber zerstörungsfrei und gut zum volumetrischen Nachweis von Einschlüssen geeignet. Untersucht werden die Möglichkeiten des Ultraschall-Impuls-Echo-Verfahrens zur Reinheitsgradbestimmung. Mit den Ergebnissen erfolgt eine kritische Betrachtung der bisher zu diesem Zweck empfohlenen Ultraschallprüfmethoden. Es werden Vorschläge gemacht, wie die Vorteile der Ultraschallprüfung bei der Bestimmung des Reinheitsgrades optimal genutzt werden können.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050503
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zeitstanduntersuchungen an Nichteisenmetallen für den Apparatebau (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 262-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Long Term Behaviour of non Iron Metals. In a teamwork of several laboratories the Dechema Specialist Committee „Materials and design in chemical engineering“ investigates the long term behaviour of non iron metals over 50 000 hours. This programme comprises technically pure copper, nickel, aluminium and titanium as well as several alloys of these basic metals if relevant for chemical apparatus. Lead and some of its alloys are tested in a special research programme. This paper deals with the results found on copper 99.9, LC-Nickel 99.2, Aluminium 99.5, pure titanium and the Ni Cu 30 Fe alloy, which have been investigated in the form of unnotched, notched and welded specimens. 1 % creep limit and creep strength data are given for 1000, 10 000 and 50 000 hours as well as their dependence on temperature (between 20 und 650°C).
    Notes: In einem Gemeinschaftsprogramm des Dechema-Fachausschusses „Werkstoffe und Konstruktion im Chemie-Apparatebau“ werden seit einigen Jahren in Zeitstandzugversuchen 50 000 h-Werte für Nichteisenmetalle erarbeitet. Neben technisch reinem Kupfer, Nickel, Aluminium und Titan sind verschiedene Legierungen dieser Basismetalle im Programm, soweit sie für den Apparatebau interessant sind. Daneben läuft ein gesondertes Programm über Blei und Bleilegierungen. Hier wird über die abgeschlossenen Untersuchungen an SF-Kupfer, LC-Nikkel, Aluminium 99,5 und Titan Gruppe III sowie der Legierung NiCu 30 Fe berichtet, die in Form von glatten Proben wie auch im gekerbten Zustand und als Schweißverbindungen untersucht wurden. Die 1 %-Dehngrenze und die Bruchgrenze werden als Zahlenwerte für 1000, 10 000 und 50 000 h sowie in ihrem Verlauf über einen Temperaturbereich von 20 bis 650°C angegeben.
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050507
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