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  • 1995-1999
  • 1990-1994
  • 1985-1989  (70)
  • 1986  (70)
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytochemical detection of ABH antigens in human body fluids (1986)
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 96 (1986), S. 111-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Immunohistochemistry ; Peroxidase-anti-peroxidase (PAP) method ; ABO blood groups, body fluids ; Immunhistochemie ; Peroxidase-Anti-Peroxidase (PAP) Technik ; ABO-Antigene, Körperflüssigkeiten
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Anwendung der indirekten Immunoperoxidase-technik (PAP) ist zuvor im Zusammenhang mit der Bestimmung zellulärer Antigene, insbesondere ABO-Antigene aus Gewebeproben, beschrieben worden (Pedal und Hülle 1984; Pedal und Baedeker 1985; Pedal et al. 1985). In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurde die PAP-Technik angewendet zur Bestimmung von ABO-Antigenen an Zellen und in Körperflüssigkeiten. Untersucht wurden Mundschleimhautzellen, Vaginalzellen, letztere von speziellem Interesse für die forensische Praxis, und in begrenzter Anzahl Mischungen aus Körperflüssigkeiten und Spermaproben. Es fanden sich keine falsch positiven Ergebnisse bei der Untersuchung von Mundschleimhautzellen; die Resultate korrespondierten mit den ABO-Merkmalen aus dem Blut der Spender. Vorläufige Untersuchungen von Vaginalzellen, von Mischungen aus Vaginal- und Mundschleimhautzellen und von Spermaproben verliefen erfolgversprechend, müssen aber aufgrund der nur begrenzten Anzahl der Untersuchungen vorsichtig interpretiert werden. Vaginalabstriche, kontaminiert mit Sperma, zeigten unterschiedlich starke, unspezifische Reaktionen.
    Notes: Summary The use of the peroxidase-anti-peroxidase (PAP) technique has been described previously for the detection of cellular antigens and in particular ABO antigens from tissue samples (Pedal and Hülle 1984; Pedal and Baedeker 1985; Pedal et al. 1985). In this survey, the PAP method has been employed to study the detection of ABO antigens in cells from body fluids of particular interest to forensic science, namely buccal cells and vaginal cells. Also tested, but in a limited number, were mixtures of body fluids and semen samples. No false reactions were obtained from buccal cells, all samples corresponding to the ABO blood type of the donor. Preliminary results from vaginal cells, vaginal/buccal cell mixtures, and semen were encouraging but must be treated with caution due to the limited number tested. Vaginal smears contaminated with semen showed varying degrees of nonspecificity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00198627
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peptidergic innervation of the human and guinea pig uterus (1986)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 237 (1986), S. 213-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Uterus ; Innervation ; Neuropeptides ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The peptidergic innervation of the human and guinea pig uterus was studied using immunohistochemical methods. Antibodies against several peptides were applied for the PAP-technique to stain peptidergic nerves specifically. These are located in the adventitia of large uterine vessels in the myometrium and smaller vessels of the myometrium and endometrium. A differential distribution of the individual peptides was observed for VIP-IR (vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactivity), NPY-IR (neuropeptide Y), SP-IR (substance P), SOM-IR (somatostatin) and NT-IR (neurotensin) nerve fibers. Specific functional implications for these neuropetides can be derived from their histochemical location.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02133783
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical location of HPL, SP1 and β-HCG in normal placentas of varying gestational age (1986)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 239 (1986), S. 63-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Immunohistochemistry ; HPL, SP 1, β-HCG ; Normal placentas of various gestational age
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sixty-four placentas at various gestational ages were examined by immunohistochemical stains for HPL, SP1 and β-HCG according to a modified PAP method (Sternberger 1970). Syncytiotrophoblast cell layer was identified as the main site of synthesis. Extravillous immunohistochemical reactions for HPL and SP1 (but not for β-HCG) were found in X-cells of the basal plate and in the intervillous trophoblast islands. These cell types would thus seem to be derived from trophoblast. Hofbauer-cells of villous connective tissue stained specifically for β-HCG apparently because of HCG phagocytosis. The intensity of staining for HPL, SP1 and β-HCG was evaluated semiquantitatively in the syncytiotrophoblast cell layer at various gestational weeks. The maximum of staining for β-HCG was found in the uniform syncytiotrophoblast layer of immature intermediate villi in early pregnancy (7–14 weeks), HPL and SP1 had their peak of staining reaction at 32–36 weeks of gestation. Increasing maturation results in a subspecialisation of the villous surface: epithelial plates (allowing feto maternal exchange) and nucleated portions of syncytiotrophoblast (which are the main site of hormone production and endocrine activity).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02133965
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fatal epithelioid haemangioendothelioma presenting in the lung and liver (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 410 (1986), S. 9-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma ; IVBAT ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Three patients with epithelioid haemangioendothelioma (EHE) are described. Two patients presented with pulmonary infiltrates and one with a hepatic tumour. All had a metastatic disease ending fatally, and all were autopsied. The diagnosis was confirmed either by immunohistological or ultrastructural analysis. All three tumours were cytokeratin-negative and vimentin-positive, while only two contained cells reacting with the antibody of factor VIII-related antigen. Electron microscopy of the third tumour revealed features indicating endothelial differentation. A short literature review is also presented demonstrating that the outlook of EHE is worse than previously thought.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00710900
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zonal aganglionosis (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 410 (1986), S. 75-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Hirschsprung's disease ; Zonal aganglionosis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Pathogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The existence of zonal aganglionosis, a rare variant of Hirschsprung's disease, is often questioned. An extensive enzyme and immunohistochemical study was performed on gut specimens of two patients presenting with bilious vomiting and abdominal distension to find evidence of the existence of double zonal aganglionosis and to characterize the abnormalities of the enteric nervous system. The hypotheses concerning the pathogenesis of this neurogenic disorder are reviewed. The results of our study confirm the existence of zonal aganglionosis. The clinical presentation may be similar to classical Hirschsprung's disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00710909
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human chorionic gonadotropin in primary liver carcinoma in adults (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 409 (1986), S. 365-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; Human chorionic gonadotropin ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Production of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) by extra-gonadal tumours is not a rare phenomenon. In the liver, similar results have been reported in hepatoblastomas. The present study was attempted to survey hCG level in serum and hCG-immunoreactivity in primary liver carcinoma in adults. Although hCG was elevated in serum in 2 (22.2%) of 9 autopsied cases with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the hCG-reactivity of carcinoma cells was found in 2 (2.1%) of 95 HCC cases. Carcinoma cells positive for immunoreactive hCG was found in 2 (15.4%) of 13 cases with cholangiocarcinoma (CC). The patients with hCG-immunoreactivity in carcinoma and/or elevated serum level of hCG failed to reveal distinct clinical and endocrinological disturbance due to excess hCG. The hCG-positive cells were focal within the carcinoma and showed poor histological differentiation in both HCC and CC, and there were no trophoblastic cells. It is suggested that hCG is one of the hormones produced by primary liver carcinoma in adults and can be localised immunohistochemically in a small number of poorly differentiated carcinoma cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00708253
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatic vascular endothelial cells heterogenously express surface antigens associated with monocytes, macrophages and T lymphocytes (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 409 (1986), S. 407-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Endothelial cells ; Monocyte ; Liver ; Immunohistochemistry ; Monoclonal antibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary During studies of the antigenic and functional properties of hepatic sinusoidal lining cells in situ, we found that only the sinusoidal endothelial cells share antigens with a peripheral blood macrophage subset capable of presenting soluble antigens and triggering autologous mixed lymphocyte reactions. They were HLA-DR+, OKM1−, OKM5+. Vascular endothelial cells in the portal areas and central veins were HLA-DR+, OKM1− and OKM5−. The sinusoidal endothelial cells also expressed an antigen found on helper/inducer (OKT4 and Leu3 a) T lymphocytes. Thus, the present study suggests that endothelial cells in different anatomic compartments in the liver heterogenously express surface antigens associated with monocytes, macrophages and T lymphocytes and possess distinct immunological functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00705413
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epithelioid malignant schwannoma (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 409 (1986), S. 433-451 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Malignant schwannoma ; Electromicroscopy ; Immunohistochemistry ; S-100 protein ; Neuronspecific enolase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We report a light and electron microscopic, immunohistochemical, clinical and prognostic study of 14 patients with epithelioid malignant schwannoma. In 8 patients the tumour involved a major nerve. The tumours were rather small in most instances, the largest diameter being less than 5 cm in 7 cases. Light microscopically, they showed highly cellular areas of epithelioid, polygonal or rounded cells characteristically forming cords and rows and arranged in nodules of varying size. Spindle cell sarcoma areas as in classical malignant schwannoma were seen in 9 cases, and neurofibromatous areas in one case. Four cases were entirely epithelioid in appearance. Electron microscopically the epithelioid tumour cells showed nuclei with mostly even contours containing one or two trabecular or reticular nucleoli, cytoplasmic projections, intra-cytoplasmic myelin-like figures, intercellular junctions and discontinuous, sometimes multilayered external lamina material. The ultrastructural findings indicate that epithelioid malignant schwannoma is a tumour of neural crest derivation having features of Schwann cell differentiation. Immunohistochemically, S-100 protein was demonstrated in 7 tumours and neuron specific enolase in 3. There was a female predominance, 9/14, and a median age of 38.5 years (range 17-74). The extremities, including the hip and shoulder regions, were the most common sites, 12/14. The tumour proved highly malignant; 9 of 14 patients were dead at the time of follow-up and a high incidence of metastasis (7 of 14) was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00705415
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Germ cell tumours of childhood (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 409 (1986), S. 223-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Germ cell tumours of childhood ; Yolk-sac tumour ; Endodermal sinus tumour ; Teratomas ; Mixed germ cell tumours ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 170 germ cell tumours of childhood and adolescence were studied by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1.3. 52 (30.6%) tumours were benign (mature teratoma), 30 (17.6%) potentially malignant (immature teratoma), and 88 (51.8%) unequivocally malignant. The main locations were ovary, testis and sacrococcygeal region. 92 tumours were located in a gonad, 78 tumours in extragonadal sites (ratio: 1.2:1). Of the frankly malignant tumours 40 were yolk-sac tumours (YST) and an additional 19 tumours of more than one histological type contained a YST component. Therefore, 67% of the malignant tumours had a YST component. Children with immature teratoma and pure YST showed the lowest median age (5 and 24 months, respectively), while children with germinomas of various locations had the highest median age (153 months). A festoon pattern was the predominant histological feature in all YST and in the YST component of mixed germ cell tumours. Hyaline globules were found in 33/37 YST and in 16/17 YST components. Immunohistochemically, alpha1-fetoprotein (AFP) was demonstrated in 18/22 YST and in 6/7 YST components of mixed germ cell tumours. Hyaline globules were mostly AFP-negative (only 5 cases with AFP-positive globules in addition to many AFP-negative globules). In 3 cases beta-HCG-positive giant cells were seen. In most YST prekeratin intermediate filaments could be demonstrated in the epithelial cells. Follow-up data, available from 51 cases of YST and tumours with YST components showed disease-free survival in 37 cases (72.5 %). 10 patients (19.6 %) died of disease, and 4 patients (7.8%) are living with disease. The comparably high rate of survivors reflects the effectiveness of modern therapy, particularly polychemotherapy, in addition to surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00708330
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of TPA and cytokeratins in gastrointestinal carcinomas as revealed by immunohistochemistry (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 409 (1986), S. 641-655 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Gastrointestinal carcinomas ; Tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) ; Cytokeratins ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The presence and distribution of tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) were assessed in gastrointestinal carcinomas of different origin, morphology and degree of differentiation. Immunocytochemistry was employed, using the PAP technique on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded material and compared with the results obtained with antibodies to cytokeratins. Like cytokeratins, TPA was a reliable marker of epithelial differentiation and showed tissue distribution patterns similar to cytokeratins, as revealed by antibodies with broad-range cytokeratin immunoreactivity. In most carcinomas, TPA-specific immunostaining was less intense than in non-neoplastic tissue. No direct relationship between intensity of TPA staining and morphological degree of differentiation and proliferation was found. TPA staining was most pronounced at the periphery of the cells. In stratified epithelium, i.e. oesophageal mucosa, basally located cells exceeded superficial cells in TPA immunoreactivity in contrast to the cytokeratin antibodies which decorated the more superficially placed cell layers. TPA and cytokeratin staining patterns were similar in neoplastic and non-neoplastic gastric, intestinal mucosa, as well as in biliary tract epithelium. Antral and cardial mucoid glands of the stomach as well as gastric carcinomas of the pylorocardial type remained unstained with both types of antibodies. Similar staining with TPA and cytokeratin antibodies was also observed in pancreatic and liver tissue. In this study, hepatocytes were, although weakly, stained by TPA antibodies and an identical staining was found with benign and malignant hepatocellular neoplasms. Ductal and ductular TPA-staining was most conspicuous and so was the immunoreactivity of cholangiocellular carcinomas. A comparison between TPA and cytokeratins was also made by immunoblotting which revealed immunoreactivity of antibodies to TPA with cytokeratin polypeptides of different species (man, mouse) and organs (epidermis, liver), particularly with the cytokeratin component 8 of human liver and the related component A of mouse liver. The significance of this finding is uncertain until the pertinent epitopes have been revealed by monoclonal mapping of the components which exhibit similar molecular weights by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00713430
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of CEA, HCG, Lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin in gastric cancer and prognosis (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 409 (1986), S. 715-724 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Tumour related antigens ; Gastric cancer ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA),β-human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT), alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) and Lysozyme (LYS) were traced by immunoperoxidase staining in gastric carcinomas. The immunohistological results were evaluated in relation to histological types (WHO and Laurén), stage of disease, grade and survival time. CEA was demonstrated in 96% of the tumours, HCG in 34%, ACT in 78%, AAT in 42%, and LYS in 71%. Comparing the staining patterns of the antigens and the intensity of staining some differences were notable. Except for signet-ring cell carcinomas, all of which were intensively positive, CEA expression decreased significantly with loss of differentiation. This observation was not seen with the other marker substances. None of the tested markers was characteristic for one particular histological type, nor could they be correlated with the tumour stage or grade. The marker positivity of CEA, ACT and LYS was not related to survival time. For HCG only, a correlation between tissue expression and a restricted survival time was established. Patients with AAT positive carcinomas had a significantly better survival probability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00713436
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Malignant mixed tumour (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 409 (1986), S. 93-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Malignant mixed tumour ; Immunohistochemistry ; Pleomorphic adenoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two malignant mixed tumours, in which both carcinomatous and sarcomatous features were present, are described. They arose in the palate in patients who had undergone surgery and irradiation for a pleomorphic adenoma at the same site 30 and 36 years previously. The histological differential diagnoses of recurrent benign pleomorphic adenoma, pleomorphic adenoma resembling mesenchymal tumour, and carcinoma in (ex) pleomorphic adenoma are discussed. On the basis of their positive reaction for keratin with specific monoclonal antibodies it is suggested that the myoepithelial cells are of epithelial origin. Immunohistochemical studies together with the histological appearance of the neoplasms indicate that the carcinomatous as well as the sarcomatous elements were derived from modified myoepithelial tumour cells. Irradiation may have been responsible for inducing a true malignant mixed tumour as distinct from the more common malignancy which may arise in pleomorphic adenoma, this being a simple carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00705409
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical demonstration of intermediate filament cytoskeleton proteins in human endocrine tissues and (neuro-) endocrine tumours (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 409 (1986), S. 609-626 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Endocrine tissues ; Endocrine tumours ; Cytoskeleton ; Immunohistochemistry ; Gel-electrophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The presence and distribution of intermediate filament proteins, such as cytokeratins, vimentin, neurofilament proteins and glial fibrillary acidic protein were assessed immunohistochemically in pituitary adenomas, medullary thyroid carcinomas, endocrine pancreatic tumours, gastric, intestinal and bronchial carcinoids, parathyroid adenomas, pheochromocytomas, paragangliomas and related non-neoplastic tissues. In some cases, immunohistochemical results were correlated with cytoskeletal proteins as analysed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Cytokeratin antibodies with broad range of immunoreactivity (i.e. to murine liver cytokeratin component D) reacted with epithelial cells in all non-neoplastic endocrine tissues and related neuroendocrine tumours studied, except for adrenal medulla, pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma, independently of hormone production and biological behaviour. In contrast, antibodies to epidermis-derived cytokeratins failed to stain endocrine tissues and tumours. Paranuclear cytokeratin accumulations were seen in bronchial, gastric, and intestinal carcinoids and seem to be a common feature of neuroendocrine tumours. One-and two-dimensional SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of non-neoplastic endocrine tissues and related tumours revealed two major keratin polypeptides corresponding to cytokeratins No. 8 and 18 of the cytokeratin catalog of human cells (Moll et al. 1982). According to this cytokeratin polypeptide composition, endocrine tissues and related tumours conform to the “simple type” of epithelia. Vimentin-related immunoreactivity was restricted to stromal cells and to folliculo-stellate cells in normal pituitary gland, Schwann cells in carcinoids and satellite cells in normal adrenal medulla and in pheochromocytomas. Neurofilament protein- (70 kD)-antibodies only stained nerve fibers in normal tissues and at the periphery of carcinoid tumour cell complexes, and, to a variable degree, cells in nontumorous adrenal medulla, pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas. Furthermore, neurofilament reactivity was observed along with cytokeratin expression in two bronchial carcinoids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00713428
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tumour of Wagner-Meissner touch corpuscles* (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 409 (1986), S. 241-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Tactile receptors ; Tumours of peripheral nerves ; Neuron-specific enolase ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron-microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two benign tumours composed mainly or exclusively of Wagner-Meissner corpuscles are described. In the first case the touch corpuscles are composed of closely piled laminar cells and surrounded by argyrophilic fibres. In the second case some Schwann cells are observed in between the tactile corpuscles. The light microscopic, electron-microscopic and immunohistochemical results demonstrate that these corpuscles are comparable with the tactile end organs of the skin. Immunohistochemically, neuron-specific enolase, vimentin and protein S-100 could be demonstrated in the tactile corpuscles. Neural processes present in normal Meissner corpuscles are absent and immunohistochemically no nerve fibres or nerve endings can be demonstrated using antibodies to neurofilaments as they are observed in normal touch corpuscles of the skin. Tumours which consist mainly of multiple touch corpuscles have not been described in the literature. It is suggested to call these tumours Wagner-Meissner neurilemmoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00708331
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serotonin-containing EC cells in normal human gastric mucosa and in gastritis (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 409 (1986), S. 313-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Serotonin ; EC cells ; Human stomach ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Serotonin-containing EC cells in human fetal, infantile and adult stomachs both normal and affected by gastritis, were studied by immunohistochemical, electron microscopic and autoradiographic methods. EC cells were sparse in fetal and infantile stomachs, while they occurred in the lower half of the gastric mucosa in adult stomachs showing no atrophic changes and their distribution density was higher than that of D cells. With the progress of chronic gastritis, the number of EC cells gradually decreased, but intestinal type of EC cells appeared in intestinalized gastric mucosa, often showing hyperplasia. Most of EC cells showed argyrophil reaction, but only about 10-20% of them were positive with argentaffin. Epithelial cells with3H-TdR labeled nuclei were frequently detected in the gastric mucosa where EC cells were sparse or almost absent. Electron microscopically, EC cells had typical electron dense granules in both the normal gastric mucosa and in the intestinal metaplastic glands, but the number of secretory granules was greater in the latter than in the former. These findings suggested that EC cells are preferentially present in the gastric mucosa with a small number of labeled nuclei and have morphological heterogeneity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00708249
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cardiodilatin-immunoreactivity in specific atrial granules of human heart revealed by the immunogold stain (1986)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 173 (1986), S. 295-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Cardiodilatin ; Peptide Hormone ; Heart ; Human ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The immunogold technique was applied to detect cardiodilatin-immunoreactivity (CDD-IR) in human heart. Using antibodies directed against C-terminal regions of CDD, we could identify colloidal gold label in specific atrial granules of human heart. The granules in all areas of the myoendocrine cells were homogeneously labelled and all right atrial biopsy specimen of patients with different heart diseases reacted positively and had the same distribution of label. The Golgi-apparatus and ergastoplasma exhibited and extremely weak CDD-IR. The results indicate a predominant storage of CDD in specific granules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318912
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glioblastoma with sarcomatous component associated with myxoid change (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 70 (1986), S. 44-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Gliosarcoma ; Myxoid tumor ; Extracranial metastasis ; Ultrastructure ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The case of a 22-year-old female suffering from glioblastoma with sarcomatous component (WHO; gliosarcoma) is presented. The tumor consisted of glioblastomatous and sarcomatouos components, and in part of the pleomorphic astrocytomatous region of the glioblastoma there was a prominent production of myxoid matrix. On the basis of its histochemical and immunohistochemical characteristics, the present case strongly suggested that glial cells of neuroectodermal origin assume part of the responsibility for production of myxoid material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689513
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The distribution of Ia antigen in the lesions of rat acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 70 (1986), S. 149-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Ia antigen ; Central nervous system ; Experimental allergic encephalitis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ia antigen, encoded within the major histocompatibility complex, plays an important role in the activation of T lymphocytes. Since experimental allergic encephalitis is an essentially T cell-mediated disease, Ia antigen in the central nervous system (CNS) may be pathogenetically relevant. The occurrence of Ia antigen in the CNS of normal rats and of rats with experimental allergic encephalitis was studied by light and electron microscope immunocytochemistry using the monoclonal anti-Ia antibodies Ox 4 and Ox 6. In normal, unsensitized animals a distict population of stellate cells in the meninges and some perivascular mononuclear cells in the nervous tissue carried Ia antigen. In rats with experimental allergic encephalitis a dramatic increase of Ia-positive cells was found. In addition to the positive cells found in normal animals, monocytes, macrophages and many lymphocytes in the meningeal perivascular and parenchymal inflammatory infiltrates as well as “activated microglia” stained for Ia antigen. We did not find evidence for Ia expression on endothelial cells, astrocytes or other components of the CNS in either normal or diseased rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00691433
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical demonstration of vimentin in human cerebral tumors (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 70 (1986), S. 209-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Vimentin ; Cerebral tumors ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of vimentin (VIM) has been histochemically investigated in 53 cerebral tumors and compared in gliomas to that of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). In gliomas VIM is less positive than GFAP, but shows the same distribution. It cannot be considered as indicating immaturity of glial tumor cells. VIM is also positive in glial processes of cerebellar pilocytic astrocytomas, in Schwann cells of neurinomas and in endothelial cells of all oncotypes. In medulloblastomas, VIM decorates reactive glia cells. A diffuse positive reaction has been observed in meningiomas. In hemangioblastomas, besides intervascular and endothelial cells, groups of polygonal cells are intensely positive for both VIM and GFAP. The interpretatiên of VIM in cerebral tumors is largely based on the distribution patterns of this intermediate filament in the developing CNS of rodents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686074
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intercellular deposits of basement membrane material in active human pituitary adenomas detected by immunostaining for laminin and electron microscopy (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 71 (1986), S. 326-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Pituitary adenoma ; Basement membrane ; Laminin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thirty-eight human pituitary adenomas (24 endocrine active and 14 endocrine inactive tumors) were studied immunohistochemically for the presence of the basement membrane component, laminin, and ultrastructurally for the presence of basement membrane. Immunoreactivity of laminin delineated staining of epithelial and endothelial basement membranes, the reaction product being confined mostly to the perivascular zones. Moreover, a hitherto undescribed presence of intercellular laminin-positive droplets was observed in ten of the active adenomas (nine patients with hyperprolactinemia and/or acromegalia and one patient with Cushing's syndrome). Concurrently, at the ultrastructural level, bunches of basement membrane-like material intermingled between the adenoma cells were demonstrated in seven of these ten active adenomas. Furthermore, secretory granules were entrapped occasionally in this intercellular matrix, indicating a mutual dependence between excessive hormone extrusion and an increase of “misplaced” deposits of basement membrane components, e.g., laminin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688057
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical characterization of oligodendrogliomas: an analysis of multiple markers (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 72 (1986), S. 15-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Oligodendroglioma ; Cell markers ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty-eight oligodendrogliomas and seven oligoastrocytomas were immunotested by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method with antiglial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) serum, anti-Leu 7 monoclonal antibody (Mab), anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) Mab, anti-myelin basic protein (MBP) serum, anti-carbonic anhydrase C (CA C) serum and anti-neuron-specific enolase (NSE) serum. The immunoreactivity of their vascular pattern was studied withUlex europaeus type I lectin (UEA I). According to their morphology and distribution GFAP-positive cells were respectively interpreted as reactive astrocytes, neoplastic astrocytes and neoplastic oligodendrocytes. Reactive astrocytes were found in the tumor, around the tumor and surrounding the supporting blood vessels. Neoplastic astrocytes were mainly found in the oligoastrocytomas and usually closely intermingled with neoplastic oligodendrocytes. GFAP-positive neoplastic oligodendrocytes were found in the typical oligodendrogliomatous areas. They had central nuclei and GFA positivity was mainly found in the perinuclear cytoplasm. They correspond to the “gliofibrillary oligodendrocytes” described by Herpers and Budka [11]. Of the oligodendrogliomas 91% displayed Leu 7 positivity, but anti-Leu 7 cannot be considered as a specific marker for oligodendrogliomas since other neuroepithelial tumors have been reported to react with this antibody [20]. MAG-, CA C- and NSE-positivities were found in a number of tumor cells in a few oligodendrogliomas. All the tumor cells were MBP-negative, but myelin sheaths and fragments of myelin in the infiltrated white matter were clearly demonstrated by this antiserum. UEA I strikingly demonstrated the vascular pattern of the tumors, and its usefulness as a discriminating marker for the supportive endothelial cells was confirmed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687942
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemistry and morphometry of gastrin cells in the rat pyloric antrum during starvation (1986)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 175 (1986), S. 7-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Gastrin cell ; Pylorus ; Rats ; Starvation ; Morphometry ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The gastrin cells (G cells) in the rat pyloric antrum after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of starvation were investigated by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. In the peroxidase anti-peroxidase method for light microscopy, gastrin immunoreactive cells during starvation markedly decreased in number and size. Quantitative electron microscopy revealed that during starvation the number of electron-lucent granules were greatly reduced, but the number of electron-dense granules increased; the number of intermediate granules were not remarkably changed in G cells. These results may suggest that the synthesis of gastrin and granule maturation were greatly inhibited during long-term starvation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315451
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical evidence for extrinsic and intrinsic opioid systems in the guinea pig superior cervical ganglion (1986)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 174 (1986), S. 401-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: α-neo-endorphin ; Dynorphin A ; Leu-enkephalin ; Superior cervical ganglion ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immunohistochemical localization of the opioid peptides α-neo-endorphin (α-neo-END), dynorphin A (DYN) and leu-enkephalin (leu-ENK) in the guinea pig superior cervical ganglion (SCG) was studied following central denervation, peripheral axotomy, and after application of the depleting drug reserpine and of the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine. The paraganglionic cells of the SCG are shown to form an intrinsic opioid — (α-neo-END, DYN, leu-ENK) — immunoreactive system being not visibly responsive to the experimental procedures. Leu-ENK-immunoreactive fibres ascend in the preganglionic trunk and supply fibre baskets to defined clusters of postganglionic neurones. Principal ganglion cells of the SCG containing α-neo-END-and DYN-immunoreactivity project to extraganglionic targets via the postganglionic nerves. These findings are indicative of a sympathetic α-neo-END-ergic and DYN-ergic innervation of effector organs. They also point to a modulatory function of opioids on neuronal activity in a paravertebral ganglion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00698790
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytodifferentiation and immunocharacteristics of adenohypophysial cells in the toad, Bufo melanostictus (1986)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 175 (1986), S. 137-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Adenohypophysis ; Cytodifferentiation ; Immunohistochemistry ; Toad
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Employing the unlabelled antibody enzyme technique cytodifferentiation, immunocharacteristics and topographical distribution of melanotropic (MSH), adrenocorticotropic (ACTH), thyrotropic (TSH), prolactin (PRL), gonadotropic (GTH) and growth hormone (GH) secreting cells in the embryonic/larval as well as adult pituitary gland of the common Indian toad, Bufo melanostictus, have been studied by using antisera raised in rabbit against mammalian hypophysial hormones. Immunoreactive MSH and ACTH cells appear first in the dorsocaudal and rostral regions of the pituitary anlage (PA) at stage 21 (Gosner's classification) of the embryonic development. This is followed by the differentiation of TSH and PRL cells at stage 22 in the midventral and central regions of the PA respectively. Finally, at stage 23 the GTH cells appear in the fostral and the GH cells in the caudal regions of the PA. With the progress of the development, cells showing immunoreactivity to various antisera gradually increase in number, size, granular content and finally occupy the characteristic adult disposition. The MSH cells comprise the pars intermedia. In the pars distalis (PD) the ACTH cells are localized in the rostroventral region, TSH cells in the central region and the GH cells in the dorsocaudal region. However, GTH and PRL cells are distributed throughout the PD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315464
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The local expression of adult chicken heart myosins during development (1986)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 174 (1986), S. 187-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Chicken heart ; Conduction system ; Immunohistochemistry ; Myosin isoforms ; Development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The development of the ventricular conducting tissue of the embryonic chicken heart has been studied using a previous finding that morphologically recognizable atrial conducting tissue coexpresses the atrial and the ventricular myosin isoforms. It is found that, by these criteria, at 9 days part of the ventricular conduction system consists of a myocardial ring located around the infundibula of the aorta and truncus pulmonalis. Part of this ring is formed by the retro-aortic root branch. The ring continues via the septal branch into the atrioventricular bundle and its branches, that all express both myosin isoforms. The retroaortic root branch could be traced back as a part of the myocardial wall of the truncus arteriosus at the 4 days embryonic stage. At the 16th day of development, the septal branch, atrioventricular bundle and left and right bundle branches no longer express the atrial isomyosin, but two bundles originating from the septal branch still express both isomyosins, one being the retro-aortic root branch, the other being only immunologically recognizable and directed to the ventral side of the truncus pulmonalis; this latter we call the pulmonary root branch. Both bundles are remnants of the myocardial ring.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00824334
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical evidence for CDD/ANP-like peptides in strands of myoendocrine cells associated with the ventricular conduction system of the rat heart (1986)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 175 (1986), S. 223-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Cardiodilatin ; Atrial Natriuretic Polypeptide ; Immunohistochemistry ; Heart ; ventricle ; Purkinje Fibres ; Conduction System ; Myoendocrine Cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immunohistochemical investigations with different antisera against cardiodilatin 99–126 or alpha atrial natriuretic polypeptide revealed the presence of cardiac hormones not only in the atria of rats but also in strands of myoendocrine cells located in subendocardial regions of the ventricular septum. The localization of CDD-IR (cardiodilatin immunoreactivity) in the ventricle is associated with the location of the conduction system in the rat. The significance of the morphological relationship between cardiodilatin and the conduction system of the rat heart is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389598
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity in the guinea pig heart (1986)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 175 (1986), S. 255-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Immunohistochemistry ; Calcitonin gene-related peptide ; Heart innervation ; Guinea pig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of calcitonin gene-related peptide like-immunoreactivity (CGRP-IR) within the heart and adjacent blood vessels of the guinea pig was investigated anmunohistochemically by use of the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) technique. Numerous paravascular and perivascular immunoreactive nerve fibers were localized around the aorta, coronary arteries and their branches down to the teminal vasculature. Arterioles in the atria showed greatest density of immunoreactive varicosities of all blood vessels. The epicardium, endocardium and the conductive system also contained numerous CGRP-IR nerve fibers. In the muocardium the number of immunoreactive varicosities was variable. Many were present in both atria, moderate amounts were seen in the right ventricle and parts of the intraventricular septum, and only a few occurred in the left ventricle. CGRP-IR was infrequently found within intracardial ganglionic cells but was abundantly distributed in the surrounding nerve fibers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389603
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Primary malignant lymphoma of the brain: An immunohistochemical study of eight cases using a panel of monoclonal and heterologous antibodies (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 71 (1986), S. 190-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Malignant lymphoma ; Brain tumor ; Non-Hodgkin lymphoma ; Burkitt's lymphoma ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Frozen sections of eight primary malignant lymphomas of the brain were examined by the immunohistochemical methods using a panel of monoclonal and heterologous antibodies to B lymphocyte (immunoglobulins, BA-1, Leu-12 and HLA-DR), T lymphocyte (OKT-11 and Leu-1) and monocyte (OKM-1) surface markers. Paraffin sections were also used in the examination of cytoplasmic immunoglobulins. Surface and/or cytoplasmic immunoglobulins (Ig) were observed in seven cases,four of which were shown to be distinctly monoclonal and the other three less so. The remaining 1 case showed no distinct staining for Ig. BA-1, Leu-12 and HLA-DR stainings were positive in four, four and five cases, respectively. The marker phenotypes of (BA-1, Leu-12, HLA-DR) were shown to be (+,+,+) in one lymphoma, (+,-,-) in three, (-,+,+,)in three, and (-,-,+) in one. Thus, it was demonstrated that the present lymphoma cases showed a marked immunological heterogeneity, and it was shown that all of them including the Ig-negative case revealed one or more of these three additional B cell markers, indicating B cell lineage of these cases. Examination of T cell and monocyte markers revealed positive staining in normal or reactive lymphoid cells distributed around blood vessels or sporadically in tumor tissues, but not in lymphoma cells. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated nuclear antigen was not demonstrated in the seven cases examined, making it unlikely that these lymphomas were related with EBV infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688039
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ballooned neurons in select neurodegenerative diseases contain phosphorylated neurofilament epitopes (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 71 (1986), S. 216-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Dementia ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neurofilament ; Phosphorylation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ballooned neurons are histological features of several neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system. We describe the immunocytochemical staining of ballooned neurons in Pick's disease, unclassified dementia, corticonigral degeneration, pigment-spheroid degeneration and Alzheimer's disease. In all of these conditions the ballooned neurons contain phosphorylated epitopes recognized by monoclonal antibodies to neurofilaments, but not epitopes unique to Alzheimer neurofibrillary tangles and Pick bodies. The morphological features and immunohistochemical properties of ballooned neurons in these disorders bear resemblance to swollen neurons produced by neurotoxins that impair axoplasmic transport of neurofilaments. This finding, by analogy, suggests that impaired axoplasmic transport of neurofilaments may be a common mechanism in various dementing neurodegenerative diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688042
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuropeptides in the amygdala of controls, schizophrenics and patients suffering from Huntington's chorea: An immunohistochemical study (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 71 (1986), S. 259-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Neuropeptides ; Amygdala ; Immunohistochemistry ; Schizophrenia ; Huntington's chorea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The location of the neuropeptides methionine-enkephalin (ME), neurotensin (NT), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) within the amygdaloid complex of healthy human individuals, schizophrenics and patients suffering from Huntington's chorea was studied qualitatively by means of immunohistochemistry. VIP-like immunoreactivity (IR) was present predominantly in a dense cluster of fibers and terminals in the central amygdaloid nucleus. ME-IR was observed in fibers, terminals and cell bodies in the same subnucleus, exhibiting a characteristical distribution pattern. NT-positive cell bodies were situated within the center of the central amygdaloid nucleus, fibers and terminals being encountered mainly at the periphery. NPY-IR was found to be evenly distributed throughout the amygdala. Distribution and staining intensity of ME, NPY and NT in the amygdala showed no qualitatively recognizable difference between the normal and schizophrenic specimens, whereas VIP-IR appeared to be slightly increased in the central amygdaloid nucleus of schizophrenics. In the choreic cases, the considerably shrunken amygdala exhibited only very low staining intensity of the four investigated neuropeptides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688048
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  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcineurin in human brain and its relation to extrapyramidal system (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 72 (1986), S. 150-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Calcineurin ; Huntigton's disease ; Human brain ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Calcineurin immunoreactivity has been successfully detected in formalin-fixed paraffinembedded postmortem human brain tissue using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. We have examined two autopsy cases with Huntigton's disease (HD), three cases with Parkinson's disease, and two senile patients as controls. In the controls, calcineurin immunoreactivity was present in neuronal cells only and highly concentrated in the caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus (striato-pallidal pathway), substantia nigra (striato-nigral pathway) and hippocampal formation. These localizations were similar to those identified in rat brain. There was a marked depletion of neurons containing calcineurin in the caudate nucleus and putamen, and a marked reduction of calcineurin-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the globus pallidus and substantia nigra were found in the cases with HD, but not in those with Parkinson's disease. These findings suggest that calcineurin can be a useful and specific index of neuronal degeneration in the caudato-putamen resulting from extrapyramidal diesease, and that the calcineurin-immunostaining method can be a valuable tool for clarifying the anatomy of the human extrapyramidal system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00685977
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  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Primary rhabdomyosarcoma combined with chronic paragonimiasis in the cerebrum: a necropsy case and review of the literature (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 72 (1986), S. 170-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Brain tumor ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ultrastructure ; Cerebral paragonimiasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A necropsy case of a primary rhabdomyosarcoma with chronic paragonimiasis in the cerebrum of a 68-year-old man is reported. The clinical data showed a right hemiplegia and dysarthria which became lethal in 6 months even though operation and radiation therapy were performed. Computed tomography revealed a large low-density area associated with the peripheral enhancement in the left basal ganglia, and multiple conglomerated calcified masses in the left temporal and occipital lobes. Biopsied and necropsied materials of the tumor in the basal ganglia was reddish brown in color and histologically was composed of purely mesenchymal derivatives with both embryonal and mature striated muscle cells but neither neuronal nor glial elements. Some of the tumor cells with extending slender cytoplasms showed obvious cross striations at the light and electron microscope levels and immunohistochemical reactivity for myoglobin. All tumor cells were also positive for vimentin, but not for glial fibrillary acidic protein. The clinical and necropsy findings revealed no primary lesion anywhere but in the brain. In addition, numerous dead oval eggs ofParagonimus westermani were found in many cystoid lesions encapsulated by thick connective tissues with calcification and/or ossification. Clinicopathological features of 24 cases of primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the central nervous system reported in the literature are reviewed briefly. The histogenesis of this tumor are discussed together with comments on cerebral paragonimiasis.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00685980
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  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical study of chondroitin sulfate in human gliomas (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 72 (1986), S. 189-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Chondroitin sulfate ; Gliomas ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Proteoglycans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A polyclonal rabbit antiserum was utilized to localize chondroitin sulfate in human gliomas. Tissue sections were digested with chondroitinase ABC to create the antigenic determinant on the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan molecule. Normal CNS tissue showed a positive immunohistochemical staining both in white and gray matter, sparing the cytoplasm of glial and neuronal cells. Diffenentiated astrocytomas presented the same pattern as the normal CNS. Anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas showed progressive reduction of parenchymal positivity as anaplasia increased. These data suggest that chondroitin sulfate is a character expressed by differentiated CNS cells and that it is lost with dedifferentiation. Vascular structures presented positive material in the adventitia in all the oncotypes. A discontinuous positivity was observed in the basal membrane zone of the vessels.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00685982
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  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical detection of subunit A(M) of lactate dehydrogenase in tissues of the developing chick (1986)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 195 (1986), S. 409-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Immunohistochemistry ; Tissue distribution of LDH5 ; Developing chicken embryos
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The distribution of A(M) subunits of lactate dehydrogenase (mainly LDH5) in developing muscle, heart, liver, lung, kidney and cartilage tissue of chicken embryos was examined by the indirect fluorescent antibody technique. Antibodies against porcine LDH5, purified by affinity chromatography, were used for this purpose. In special areas of newly formed myofibrils in somitic myoblasts fluorescence was already detected after 4 days of incubation, and located at the same place in muscle tissue of all advanced developmental stages examined. During the myotube stage of muscle development staining was also located in the peripheral thickened cytoplasma of the myotubes. The myocardium did not exhibit any fluorescent staining in the developmental stages examined. Endocardium, epicardium and pericardium, however, were fluorescent in young developmental stages. The liver showed fluorescence in 5- to 8-day embryos mainly in the endothelial cells of the blood sinusoids. In 9- to 12-day embryos the bile ducts became fluorescent. In lungs after 9- to 12-day development the epithelium and the surrounding tissues of bronchi exhibited strong immunofluorescence. The mesonephros exhibited faint granular fluorescence in tubule-forming cells and their membranes after 4–9 days of incubation. Advanced developmental stages only exhibited fluorescent blood cells. This latter staining is at least partly due to non-specific reactions of blood cell membranes with FITC-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG. Cartilage is characterized by non-specific fluorescence, but in embryos older than 8 days strong granular fluorescence of chondrocytes and staining of the perichondrium distinguished sections treated with anti-LDH5 antibodies from control sections reacted only with FITC-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG. In addition, strong fluorescent staining was detectable in certain areas of the 5-day neural tube and faint staining in the mucosa of the intestine from embryos older than 10 days.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00375745
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  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide increases in areas of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord from which other neuropeptides are depleted following peripheral axotomy (1986)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 62 (1986), S. 422-430 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Axotomy ; Immunohistochemistry ; Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide ; Substance P ; Somatostatin ; Cholecystokinin ; Fluoride resistant acid phosphatase ; Spinal cord
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Peripheral nerve section or local capsaicin application produces depletion of substance P and an enzymatic marker, fluoride-resistant acid phosphatase (FRAP), from circumscribed regions of the terminal areas in the spinal cord. We have made use of this phenomenon to map the extent of central termination of subpopulations of primary afferent neurons containing substance P (SP), somatostatin (SOM), cholecystokinin (CCK), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and FRAP in the rat lumbar spinal cord following sciatic nerve section at midthigh level under ether anaesthesia. Between 2 days and 1 year postoperatively, the animals were perfused transcardially and SP, CCK, VIP and SOM were localised in frozen transverse sections of spinal cord segments L1 to S2 and their corresponding ganglia using unlabelled antibody immunohistochemistry. FRAP was localised using a modified Gomori method. SP, SOM, CCK and FRAP were maximally depleted from identical restricted areas of the dorsal horn of the third, fourth and fifth lumbar segments fifteen days after nerve section and remained so for a year. In contrast, VIP staining increased dramatically in the areas from which the other markers were depleted and showed the same time course. Moreover, a large number of neurons in the corresponding ganglia showed positive VIP immunoreactivity after axotomy but were absent from the unoperated side.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238861
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  • 36
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    Electronic Resource
    The olfactory tubercle of the cat II. Immunohistochemical compartmentation (1986)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 62 (1986), S. 528-540 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cat olfactory tubercle ; Peptide distribution ; Compartmentation ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In this study immunohistochemistry is used to investigate the distribution of opioid peptides, substance P (SP), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and acetylcholine (ChAT) in the olfactory tubercle (OT) of the cat. On the basis of our histochemical findings we divide the OT into two parts: the cortical part and the cap regions, the latter containing the granule cell islands. The cortical part shows an intensely ir-punctate staining pattern (opioid and SP), similar to that observed in the striatum, to which it is connected via plexus bridges. The pyramidal neurons representing the main cell type of the cortical part are ir-negative. NPY-ir neurons invade the OT via the plexus bridges from the striatum and are restricted to the cortical part. A different staining pattern exists in the cap regions: dwarf and small pyramidal-like cells display opioid- and SP-like immunoreactivity and therefore are clearly separated from the cortical part. The intensely stained axonal plexus of the cap-region neurons occupies the hilus regions dorsal to the granule islands. In addition, dendrites of large pallidal neurons densely enmeshed in opioid- and SP-ir fibers (woolly fibers) enter the OT from the dorsally located ventral pallidum, pass through the hilus, traverse the granule islands and reach the dwarf cell layer, where the ir-axons apparently terminate. The granule islands do not receive ir-terminals and the granule cells are ir-negative, except some SP-positive granules in the medial islands. Within the hilus regions some large neurons are ChAT-positive, but the majority is ir-negative. The hilus neurons are regarded as the main target of the cap region efferent system. The findings of this study parallel and confirm our morphological observations (Meyer and Wahle 1986).
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236031
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  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The presence of a calcitonin gene-related peptide in the olivocochlear bundle in rat (1986)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 61 (1986), S. 575-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Calcitonin gene-related peptide ; Olivocochlear bundle ; Retrograde axonal transport ; Immunohistochemistry ; Biotin-wheat germ agglutinin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The origins of calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactive (CGRPI) fibers in the cochlea were examined in rats. Parasagittal transection of the brain just medial to the principal sensory trigeminal nucleus resulted in the ipsilateral disappearance of CGRPI fibers in the cochlea, indicating that the origins of these fibers lie in the central nervous system. Next, we used a highly sensitive method combining retrograde tracing and immunohistochemistry to identify the origins of the CGRPI fibers in the cochlea. After injection of biotin-wheat germ agglutinin (b-WGA) into the cochlea, CGRPI neurons in the ipsilateral lateral superior olivary nucleus also contained b-WGA granules. These findings indicated tht CGRPI efferent fibers are major components of the olivocochlear bundle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237583
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  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The light microscopic localization of substance P- and somatostatin-like immunoreactive cells in the larval tiger salamander retina (1986)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 63 (1986), S. 93-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Larval tiger salamander retina ; Substance P ; Somatostatin ; Amacrine cells ; Interplexiform cells ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Light microscopic immunocytochemistry was utilized to localize the populations of substance P (SP)- and somatostatin (SOM)-like immunoreactive cells in the larval tiger salamander retina. Of 104 SP-immunostained cells observed, 82% were Type 1 amacrine cells. Another 8% of the SP-cells were classified as Type 2 amacrine cells, while 10% of the SP-cells had their cell bodies located in the ganglion cell layer and were designated as displaced amacrine cells. Each type of SP-like immunoreactive cell was observed in the central and peripheral retina. SP-immunopositive processes were observed in the inner plexiform layer as a sparse plexus in sublamina 1 and as a denser network of fibers in sublamina 5. Seventy-eight percent of the 110 somatostatin-immunopositive cells observed were designated as Type 1 amacrine cells. Another 12% of SOM-cells were classified as displaced amacrine cells, while only two SOM-immunopositive Type 2 amacrine cells were observed. Nine percent of the SOM-cells were designated as interplexiform cells, based on their giving rise to processes distributing in the outer plexiform layer as well as processes ramifying in the inner plexiform layer. Each type of SOM-immunoreactive cell was observed in the central and peripheral retina, with the exception of the Type 2 amacrine cells, whose somas were only found in the central retina. Lastly, SOM-immunopositive processes in the inner plexiform layer appeared as a fine plexus in sublamina 1 and as a somewhat denser network of fibers in sublamina 5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235650
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  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antigen detection by the monoclonal antibodies CA 19-9 and CA 125 in normal and tumor tissue and patients' sera (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 111 (1986), S. 257-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: CA 19-9/CA 125 ; Pancreatic carcinomas ; Ovarian carcinomas ; Immunohistochemistry ; Radioimmunoassay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The tumor markers CA 19-9 and CA 125 defined by the monoclonal antibodies 19-9 and OC 125 were investigated with respect to organ specificity and tumor sensitivity. Normal and tumor tissue specimens, and blood samples from 34 patients with pancreatic carcinomas, 40 with ovarian carcinomas and 39 with miscellanous tumors were examined. CA 19-9 and CA 125 were determined by immunohistochemistry (IH) applied to sections of the tumors and adjacent normal tissues. In parallel, the antigens were measured in the patients' sera by radioimmunoassay (RIA). By means of IH CA 19-9 and CA 125 were detected in normal surface cells from many different organs. Both antigens were also found in tissue sections of various types of tumors and in the sera of the corresponding patients. Thus, organ specificity could not be demonstrated. Sensitivity of CA 19-9 was found to be high for pancreatic carcinomas, i.e., 88% of the tumors expressed the antigen shown by IH and 85% of the sera revealed concentrations above the cut-off value (〉37 units/ml). Evidence for CA 125 was high in ovarian carcinomas with a tissue positivity in 83% and elevated (〉35 units/ml) serum levels in 70% of patients. Comparing IH and RIA case by case a discrepancy was found in 14% of cases with positive IH and low serum values a vice versa. Reasons for this finding are small tumor mass not producing elevated serum levels, retention of the antigen inside the tumor cells because of defective release mechanisms demonstrable only by IH, or heterogeneity of tumors with only focal antigen expression not present in the tissue sections investigated and thus disclosable only by RIA. The relevance of immunohistochemical detection of the antigens for therapeutic planning is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389242
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  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcitonin in human gastric mucosa and carcinoma (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 112 (1986), S. 50-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Immunohistochemistry ; Calcitonin ; Gastric mucosa ; Gastric carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The localization of immunoreactive calcitonin (IR-CT) in the human gastric mucosa and tumor tissues was studied using an immunohistochemical peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. A small number of IR-CT-containing cells were observed in both infant and adult gastric antral mucosa and the ratio of IR-CT-containing cells to G cells was about 1:50-100. Moreover, tissue content of IR-CT in normal antral mucosa was 2.37±0.35 ng/g wet weight. IR-CT-containing cells and G cells decreased with the progress of chronic atrophic gastritis and were totally absent in intestinal metaplastic glands. IR-CT was detected in G cells, suggesting a paracrine relation between gastrin and CT. IR-CT was not found in tumor cells of 35 gastric adenomas and 40 well differentiated adenocarcinomas. On the other hand, it was demonstrated in a very small number of tumor cells in 4 of 46 poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas, and in a good number in 3 of 7 scirrhous argyrophil cell carcinomas. IR-CT in plasma could serve, therefore, as a tumor marker of scirrhous endocrine cell carcinoma, and its production in cancer cells was considered to be eutopic rather than ectopic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00394939
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  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical study of granular cell tumours (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 408 (1986), S. 421-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Granular cell tumours ; Epulis congenita ; NSE ; S 100 ; Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin ; Laminin ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nine granular cell tumours were investigated with poly- or monoclonal antisera to neurone specific enolase (NSE), glial enolase (GE), S 100 protein, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, lysozyme, laminin, neurofilament (NF), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), brain creatine kinase (CK), different cytokeratins (Keratin Dako, PKK1), tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), desmin, myoglobin and leukocyte common antigen (LCA), using immunoperoxidase-methods on formalin fixed paraffin embedded sections. While five tumours from adults show specific cytoplasmic staining for NSE and S 100, three congential tumours, two from the gingiva and one from palatine, show only a weak reaction for NSE, reflecting a possible origin from mature and immature Schwann cells, respectively. However, one subcutaneous tumour from near the clavicule of a ten year old girl differs from the other eight tumours by its specific cytoplasmic staining for alpha-1-antichymotrypsin only, supporting the view that there are granular cell tumours of histiocytic origin. In addition, the five adult NSE-S 100 tumours show strong laminin-immunostaining around the single small or syncytial granular cells, whereas pericellular laminin is not detectable in the histiocytic nor in the three congenital tumours. None of the tumours shows any staining for lysozyme, epithelial, muscular, leukocyte, neurofilament or glial antigens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00707699
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  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Primary thymic carcinoma (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 409 (1986), S. 163-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Thymoma ; Thymic carcinoma ; Ultrastructure ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A case of thymic carcinoma arising within a lymphocyte rich thymoma is reported. The undifferentiated carcinoma contained cellular elements resembling choriocarcinoma but could be differentiated there-from by positive staining for prekeratin antigen and an absence of staining for B-HCG antigen utilizing immunohistochemical techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00708325
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  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The cellular composition of granulomas in mesenteric lymph nodes from patients with Crohn's disease (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 409 (1986), S. 679-692 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Crohn's disease ; Granulomas ; Mesenteric lymph nodes ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The immunohistochemical findings in granulomatous lymphadenitis in patients with Crohn's disease are presented and compared with conventional light microscopic findings. The cellular composition of the granulomas in mesenteric lymph nodes was examined with a broad panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies directed to B-cells, T-cells, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic reticulum cells, HLA-DR antigens and the transferrin receptor. The centre of the granulomas contains OKIa+, OKM1+, OKT9+, DRC−, To5− epithelioid cells and giant cells and OKT3+ lymphocytes. In general, the majority of the small lymphocytes within the granulomas expresses the OKT3+, OKT4+ Leu 3a+ phenotype which points toward T-helper cells. Fewer OKT3+ OKT8+ T suppressor/cytotoxic cells are observed. At the periphery of the granulomas a lymphocytic corona composed of BA1+, B1+ B lymphocytes may be present. From these findings it can be concluded that the granulomas in mesenteric lymph nodes from patients with Crohn's disease are composed of centrally located T-lymphocytes and of epithelioid cells which are of monocyte/macrophage origin and have the characteristics of antigen-presenting cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00713433
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  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical localization of glomerular basement membrane antigens in various renal diseases (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 408 (1986), S. 403-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: GBM antigens ; Renal diseases ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The immunofluorescent localization of glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antigens was examined in 52 specimens from normal kidneys and in various renal diseases using antisera to human GBM HGBM), IV type collagen (IV Col) and P3 antigen, a rat nephritogen. Anti-HGBM serum normally stained the GBM and the mesangium in a restrictive pattern, anti-IV Col serum stained the GBM and the mesangium in a wider pattern and anti-P3 serum stained only the GBM. In mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, including IgA nephropathy pathy and Henoch-Schönlein nephritis, the widened mesangial areas were stained with anti-HGBM and anti-IV Col sera. In membranous nephropathy, the punched-out lesions of thickened GBM were demonstrated with the three antisera in moderate cases and a double linear distribution with fine granulation with anti-HGBM and anti-IV Col sera were revealed in one severe case. In membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, the expanded mesangium and thickened capillary walls were stained with anti-HGBM and anti-IV Col sera, while the outer line of glomerular capillary walls was only positive with anti-P3 serum. In crescentic glomerulonephritis, the collapsed glomerular tufts were stained normally with anti-HGBM and anti-P3 sera and weakly with anti-IV Col serum. In diabetic nephropathy, anti-HGBM serum stained the GBM in a double linear distribution without reacting with the expanded mesangium; anti-IV Col serum stained the mesangium and the GBM in a less clear double linear fashion while anti-P3 serum stained the GBM as single line. Thin membrane disease and Alport's syndrome had normal reactivity with all antisera. However, in one case of Alport's syndrome anti-HGBM and anti-P3 sera stained the GBM in a focal and segmental pattern, while normal staining with anti-IV Col serum was found. In lesions with adhesions and crescents the staining was positive for HGBM and IV Col and negative for P3; obsolescent glomeruli were stained with anti-HGBM and anti-P3 sera, and had diminished staining with anti-IV Col serum. The identification of the various structural glomerular antigens is useful in the classification of certain types of glomerular diseases. Further insight into the mechanisms underlying these conditions may be obtained in this way.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00707698
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  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzyme- and immunohistochemical study of a case of histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 408 (1986), S. 637-647 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis ; Lymphadenitis ; Lymph node ; Immunohistochemistry ; Enzyme histochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A combined morphological, immunohistological, and enzyme histochemical analysis was performed on frozen and fixed lymph node tissue in a case of histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (HNL) using conventional histology, a panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, and a series of common haematological enzyme reactions. Histology showed multiple paracortical necrotizing foci which, in a prominently necrobiotic background devoid of granulocytes, contained large numbers of foamy histiocytes and macrophages intermingled with cells resembling degenerating plasmacytoid T-cells. Most of the histiocytes were alpha1-antichymotrypsin positive and foamy cells were also distinctly Leu-M1 positive. Strong granular acid phosphatase (AP) positivity was present in the cytoplasm of the macrophages and histiocytes. The cells with plasmacytoid features showed weaker and homogeneously diffuse AP staining. Alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) activity was much less striking than AP in the necrotizing foci and most of the ANAE negative cells corresponded to those with plasmacytoid features. No cells with B-cell lineage markers were present within the necrotizing foci; most of the occasional T-cells (Leu-1+, Leu-4+) present in the foci were Leu-2a+ (OKT8+) whereas OKT10+ lymphoid cells were abundant and appeared to correspond with the cells with plasmacytoid features. Our combined data confirm that the special type of necrosis found in HNL develops within foci of plasmacytoid T-cells undergoing regressive changes and apparently exhibiting distinct immunohistological and enzyme histochemical features.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00705342
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  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular differentiation and prognosis in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 409 (1986), S. 183-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma ; Histology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sixty-four cases of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (eRMS) were investigated for cellular differentiation by light microscopy. Of these 64 cases 20 were studied by means of immunohistochemistry. Histologically, three subgroups could be distinguished: primitive (〈10% rhabdomyoblasts), intermediate (10–50% rhabdomyoblasts) and well differentiated (〉50% rhabdomyoblasts) eRMS. Vimentin-positive cells predominated in the primitive eRMS. Intermediate eRMS showed large proportions of desmin-positive cells but vimentin containing cells were also numerous. Myoglobin could only be demonstrated in well differentiated eRMS. Primitive and well differentiated eRMS mainly occurred in the head and neck area, whereas intermediate eRMS were predominantly located in the abdomen. Stage III and IV tumours predominated in cases of primitive eRMS, whereas lower stages were noted in cases of intermediate and well differentiated eRMS. Response to chemotherapy, evaluated after seven weeks of treatment, was achieved in 10/15 (66%) cases of primitive, in 16/19 (84%) cases of intermediate and 5/5 cases of well differentiated eRMS. It is concluded from the current study that the three subgroups of eRMS differ not only by cytological differentiation but also by site of predilection, stage at time of diagnosis and response to chemotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00708327
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  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical evidence for a magnocellular somatostatin cell group in the anterior paraventricular thalamus of the rat (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 246 (1986), S. 683-685 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Somatostatin (SRIF, GHR-IF) ; Neuropeptides ; Immunohistochemistry ; Thalamus ; Retrograde tracing ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary By use of the indirect immunofluorescence technique a small group of large somatostatin-positive neurons is described in the subependymal area of the anterior paraventricular thalamus of the male rat. Retrograde-tracing experiments suggest that they project to areas outside the blood-brain barrier.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215212
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  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical and biochemical localization of parvalbumin in the retina (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 243 (1986), S. 213-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Ca2+-binding protein ; Parvalbumin ; Retina ; Immunohistochemistry ; Radioimmunoassay ; Mammals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The cellular distribution of parvalbumin-like immunoreactivity (PA-LI) in normal retina of rat, monkey, and human was investigated by immunohistochemical peroxidase antiperoxidase methods, and the levels of PA-LI in normal rat retina and brain were measured by radioimmunoassay. The antibody, raised in rabbits using rat skeletal muscle parvalbumin, did not cross-react with other Ca2+-binding proteins such as calmodulin or S-100 proteins. In rat retina, PA-LI-containing cells are located in the proximal inner nuclear layer and send processes to the external half of the internal plexiform layer, suggesting that they are amacrine cells. In monkey and human retina, PA-LI positive cells exist in the outermost sublayer of inner nuclear layer, and PA-LI-containing fibers that extend horizontally are found in the internal zone of outer plexiform layer. The radioimmunoassay revealed that the rat retina contained 1710±91 ng PA-LI/mg protein, the levels of which were higher than that of brain (881±165 ng PA-LI/mg protein). These results show an additional location for PA-LI outside skeletal muscle and brain, and also provide information on the function of interneurons of retina, which are still poorly understood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221870
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  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distributional pattern of serotonin-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the rat, cat and monkey (Macaca fuscata) (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 243 (1986), S. 249-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Serotonin-immunoreactive nerve fibers ; Lateral geniculate nucleus ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat ; Cat ; Monkey (Macaca fuscata)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of serotonin-containing nerve fibers in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the rat, cat, and monkey (Macaca fuscata) was studied by use of the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method and an antiserum against serotonin. In all three species, the pattern of fibers was denser in the ventral portion of the LGN (LGNv) than in the dorsal nuclear portion (LGNd). In the LGNd of rat, serotonin-immunoreactive fibers were evenly distributed in the form of a dense network, but in cat and monkey there were marked regional differences. Serotonin-immunoreactive elements were most numerous in the C complex and medial interlaminal nucleus of cat, and in the S layer and interlaminar zones of Macaca fuscata.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251038
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  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution and characterization of the opioid octapeptide met5-enkephalin-arg6-gly7-leu8 in the gastrointestinal tract of the rat (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 244 (1986), S. 77-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Met5-enkephalin-arg6-gly7-leu8 ; Enkephalin ; Gastrointestinal tract ; Immunohistochemistry ; Opioid peptides ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution and characterization of the opioid octapeptide met5-enkephalin-arg6-gly7-leu8 (met5-enk-arg6-gly7-leu8) within the gastrointestinal tract of the rat has been determined by immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay by use of a newly developed antibody to met5-enk-arg6-gly7-leu8. With both techniques, met5-enk-arg6-gly7-leu8-immunoreactivity (met5-enk-arg6-gly7-leu8IR) was detected in all regions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract except the esophagus. The highest concentration of immunoreactive met5-enk-arg6-gly7-leu8 was observed in the colon, while intermediate concentrations were found in the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Immunostained somata were observed chiefly in the myenteric plexus; immunostained processes were present primarily in the myenteric plexus and the circular muscle layer. This distribution pattern is similar to that previously observed with antiserum to met5-enkephalin-arg6-phe7 (met5-enk-arg6phe7). Chromatographic analysis of met5-enk-arg6-gly7leu8-immunoreactive peptides extracted from the GI tract revealed the presence of an immunoreactive peptide of high molecular weight which accounted for approximately three-quarters of met5-enk-arg6-gly7-leu8-IR in both stomach and colon. These findings suggest a role for peptides related to the octapeptide met5-enk-arg6-gly7-leu8 in the regulation of GI function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218384
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  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differences in marker expression among branched histiocytic cells in T-cell areas of the lymphoreticular system and among their epidermis- and mucosa-associated equivalents (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 244 (1986), S. 471-478 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Branched histiocytic cells ; T-zone histiocytes ; Intraepithelial histiocytes ; Immunohistochemistry ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Branched histiocytic cells of the epidermis, the oral and anal mucosa, the tonsillar crypt epithelium, the thymus and of the T-cell-dependent areas of lymph node, spleen, and tonsil were examined with immunohistochemical single- and double-staining techniques. The markers used were a monoclonal anti-T6-antibody, a monoclonal anti-HLA-DR-antibody, heteroantiserum to S-100 protein and peanut agglutinin. Anti-HLA-DR and peanut agglutinin reacted with a considerable number of branched histiocytic cells, whereas anti-T6 and anti-S-100 protein only stained relatively small subpopulations. Concerning the population of branched histiocytic cells, double-staining revealed that the tissue distributions of all the markers used overlapped each other to various degrees; this was demonstrated by the different numbers of double-stained cells obtained in the experiments using all six possible combinations of primary reagents. The number of branched histiocytic cells co-expressing the markers varied depending upon marker combinations, types of tissue and microenvironment. We suggest that much of the immunologic phenotype of branched histiocytic cells is dynamic rather than static.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00212524
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  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A reinvestigation of the Gn-RH (gonadotrophin-releasing hormone) systems in the goldfish brain using antibodies to salmon Gn-RH (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 244 (1986), S. 327-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone ; Teleosts ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neuroendocrine control ; Reproduction ; Goldfish (Carassius auratus)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The organization of Gn-RH systems in the brain of teleosts has been investigated previously by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against the mammalian decapeptide which differs from the teleostean factor. Here, we report the distribution of immunoreactive Gn-RH in the brain of goldfish using antibodies against synthetic teleost peptide. Immunoreactive structures are found along a column extending from the rostral olfactory bulbs to the pituitary stalk. Cell bodies are observed within the olfactory nerves and bulbs, along the ventromedial telencephalon, the ventrolateral preoptic area and the latero-basal hypothalamus. Large perikarya are detected in the dorsal midbrain tegmentum, immediately caudal to the posterior commissure. A prominent pathway was traced from the cells located in the olfactory nerves through the medial olfactory tract and along all the perikarya described above to the pituitary stalk. In the pituitary, projections are restricted to the proximal pars distalis. A second immunoreactive pathway ascends more dorsally in the telencephalon and arches to the periventricular regions of the diencephalon. Part of this pathway forms a periventricular network in the dorsal and posterior hypothalamus, whereas other projections continue caudally to the medulla oblongata and the spinal cord. Lesions of the ventral preoptic area demonstrate that most of the fibers detected in the pituitary originate from the preoptic region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219208
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  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for the presence of Calbindin-D 28K (CaBP-28K) in the tibial growth cartilages of rats (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 245 (1986), S. 331-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Calbindin-D 28K (CaBP-28K) ; Immunohistochemistry ; Growth cartilage ; Vitamin D ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of the vitamin-D dependent calcium-binding protein (Calbindin-D 28K) (CaBP-28K) in the tibial growth plate cartilage of the rat has been studied immunohistochemically using an antibody raised against rat renal CaBP-28K. The protein was detected mainly in the nuclei of chondrocytes and occasionally in the juxta-nuclear cytoplasm. The distribution was not uniform throughout the growth plate, but concentrated in the proliferatively active chondrocytes of the resting and proliferative zones. These findings raise the possibility that CaBP-28K may be involved in the mitotic activity of the chondrocytes, acting as a regulator of the proliferative process, perhaps via intranuclear calcium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00213939
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  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical localization of urotensin I and other neuropeptides in the caudal neurosecretory system of three species of teleosts and two species of elasmobranchs (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 244 (1986), S. 687-690 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Caudal neurosecretory system ; Urotensin ; Neuropeptides ; Teleosts ; Elasmobranchs ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In three species of teleosts — carp Cyprinus carpio; grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella; and crucian carp Carassius auratus — the caudal neurosecretory system displays small, medium-sized and large neurons. Urotensin I (UI)-immunoreactive and UI-nonreactive neurons were found in all three groups; in general, the number of the latter neurons exceeded that of the former. Noteworthy are: (i) UI-immunoreactive fibers in the caudal spinal cord and (ii) dense accumulations of UI-immunoreactive product around the capillaries of the urophysis. In two species of elasmobranchs — cat shark Heterodontus japonicas and swell shark Cephaloscyllium umbratile — neurosecretory neurons decreased in size in rostro-caudal direction. Most of the neurosecretory perikarya, their axons and the corresponding neurohemal areas were UI-immunoreactive, but a small number of secretory neurons was devoid of immunoreaction. Oxytocin, arginine vasopressin, substance P, somatostatin, neurotensin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and gastrin-releasing peptide were not detected in the caudal neurosecretory system of the carp.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00212550
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    Light-microscopic immunocytochemical localization of growth hormone-releasing factor in the human hypothalamus (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 245 (1986), S. 461-463 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Growth hormone ; Releasing factor ; Immunohistochemistry ; Hypothalamus ; Pituitary stalk ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF)-like immunoreactivity in the human hypothalamus was studied by light-microscopic immunocytochemistry. With antibodies that we developed against synthetic human pancreatic GRF (hpGRF), we localized GRF immunoreactivity in neuronal cell bodies that were observed only in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus. Immunostained nerve fibers were found in large numbers in the neurovascular zone of the median eminence, in the proximal portion of the pituitary stalk and in periventricular areas. These localizations are in agreement with those of studies recently performed in other species and strongly suggest that GRF can be released into the capillaries of the pituitary portal plexus to reach the anterior pituitary gland. The projections of GRF neurons in extra-infundibular regions suggest that GRF can also act as a neuromodulator or neurotransmitter in the hypothalamus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00213956
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  • 56
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    Characteristic pattern of monoaminergic nerve fibers in the pineal organ of the monkey, Macaca fuscata (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 245 (1986), S. 453-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pineal organ ; Noradrenergic fibers ; Serotonin ; Fluorescence histochemistry ; Immunohistochemistry ; Monkey, Macaca fuscata
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Monoaminergic nerve fibers were studied in the pineal organ of the monkey, Macaca fuscata, by use of fluorescence and immunohistochemical procedures. Abundant formations of noradrenergic nerve fibers were observed in the pineal organ. They entered the parenchyma in the form of several coarse bundles via the capsule in the distal portion of the organ and spread throughout the organ after branching into smaller units. The density of the autonomic innervation decreased gradually toward the proximal portion of the organ. In the distal portion, numerous nerve fibers formed perivascular plexuses around the blood vessels and some fibers ran as bundles unrelated to the blood vessels in the stroma. Fine varicose fibers and bundles derived from these plexuses penetrated among the pinealocytes. However, only a few intraparenchymal fluorescent fibers were detected in the proximal third of the gland. With the use of serotonin antiserum serotonin-immunoreactive nerve fibers were clearly restricted to the ventroproximal part of the pineal organ. Although the somata of the pinealocytes showed intense immunoreactivity, their processes were not stained. In one exceptional case, clusters of pinealocytes displaying very intense immunoreactivity were found in an area extending from the distal margin of the ventral portion of the pineal stalk to the proximal portion of the pineal organ proper; these cells were bipolar or multipolar and endowed with well-stained processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00213954
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  • 57
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    Substance P-like-immunoreactive neurons in the photosensory pineal organ of the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson (Teleostei) (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 246 (1986), S. 359-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pineal organ ; Neuronal types ; Substance P ; Immunohistochemistry ; Salmo gairdneri (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Restricted numbers of substance P-like-immuno-reactive (SPL-IR) neurons were demonstrated in the photosensory pineal organ of the rainbow trout. The small parapineal organ of this teleost species receives a distinct SPL-IR innervation via the habenular nuclei, but displays no intrinsic SPL-IR neurons. Intrapineal SPL-IR neurons were located in the rostral portion of the pineal end-vesicle. Neuronal somata were found in a lateral position with smooth axonal processes extending mediad. Immunoreactive somata and axonal processes were observed intraparenchymally as well as in the pineal lumen. The pattern of immunoreactivity was not changed in excised pineal organs that had been incubated in tissue culture medium in the dark for 18 h. The possibility that the intrapineal SPL-IR neurons are not part of the neural circuitry involved in the transduction of photic information, but may have other functions, is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215898
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  • 58
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    The early postnatal development of the primary immune response in TNP-KLH-stimulated popliteal lymph node in the rat (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 246 (1986), S. 673-677 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Ontogeny ; Lymph node ; Immunohistochemistry ; Primary immune response ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The popliteal lymph nodes were removed from young rats of various ages five days after a single immunization with TNP-KLH in the hind footpads. Cryostat sections of the lymph nodes were investigated by means of enzyme and immunohistochemical techniques at the light-microscopical level. The presence and localization of anti-TNP antibody-containing cells were examined using a new technique to visualize specific antibodies. Moreover, the development of the lymph nodes following exogenous antigenic stimulation was compared with that of unstimulated lymph nodes. Specific antibody-containing cells could not be found before day 15 after birth, in rats immunized at day 10. From that time these lymphoid cells were located primarily at the border between cortex and medulla. Younger popliteal lymph nodes showed only aspecific immunoglobulin-containing lymphoid cells. With age, the number of specific antibody-containing cells tended to increase. These cells were more mature, according to morphological criteria and were located nearer the medulla. The first primary follicles were seen at day 19, as was the case in unstimulated animals. The first secondary follicles, containing germinal centers, were detected at day 23, whereas in unstimulated popliteal lymph nodes they were never found. Trapping of immune complexes could not be demonstrated before day 33 after birth. The later appearance of this phenomenon might be a consequence of the techniques applied to demonstrate specific antibody-containing cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215210
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  • 59
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    Neuropeptide Y, enkephalin and noradrenaline coexist in sympathetic neurons innervating the bovine spleen (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 243 (1986), S. 495-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neuropeptide Y ; Enkephalin ; Noradrenaline ; Immunohistochemistry ; Sympathetic neurons ; Neurotransmitters ; Spleen ; Bovine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The subcellular distribution of noradrenaline (NA), neuropeptide Y (NPY), Met and Leu-enkephalin (ENK), substance P (SP), somatostatin (SOM), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) was investigated in homogenates of bovine splenic nerve. The distribution of noradrenergic peptide-containing nerves in the bovine celiac ganglion, splenic nerve and terminal areas in spleen was studied by indirect immunofluorescence histochemistry using antisera to tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH), NPY, enkephalin peptides, SP, SOM, VIP and peptide HI (PHI). After density gradient centrifugation, high levels of NPY and ENK-like immunoreactivity (LI) were found in high-density gradient fractions, coinciding with the main NA peak. SP, SOM and VIP were found in fractions with a lower density, VIP being also enriched in a heavy fraction; the latter three peptides were present in low concentrations. Immunohistochemistry revealed that staining for NPYLI and ENK-LI partly overlapped that for TH and DBH in celiac ganglia, splenic nerve axons and terminal areas of spleen. Almost all principal ganglion cells were TH- and DBH-immunoreactive. Many were also NPY-immunoreactive, whereas a smaller number were ENK-positive. In the celiac ganglion patches of dense SP-positive networks and some VIP/PHI- and ENK-immunoreactive fibers were seen around cell bodies. The results indicate that NPY and ENK are stored with NA in large dense-cored vesicles in unmyelinated axons of bovine splenic nerve. SP, SOM and VIP appear in different organelles in axon populations separate from sympathetic noradrenergic nerves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218056
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  • 60
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    Immunohistochemical demonstration of nerves in the predentin and dentin of human third molars with the use of an antiserum against neurofilament protein (NFP) (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 243 (1986), S. 469-475 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Immunohistochemistry ; Neurofilament protein ; Sensory nerves ; Dentin ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immunohistochemistry by use of an antiserum against neurofilament protein (NFP) was applied for staining nerve fibers in the predentin and dentin of human third molars. By devising methods for fixation, decalcification and immunostaining, nerve fibers were clearly and specifically demonstrated in thick (more than 50 μm) sections of teeth. Numerous NFP-positive fibers were distributed in the predentin throughout the coronal region, while a few positive fibers penetrated only a short distance into the dentin. The NFP-positive nerve fibers in the predentin took transverse and complicated courses across, rather than penetrating longitudinally through, the dentinal tubules. Pain sensation in the teeth might be attributable to these complex nerve fibers showing two or three-dimensional extensions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218053
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  • 61
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    Sex differences in pituitary LH storage and release in LHRH-stimulated pubertal rats (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 243 (1986), S. 509-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: LHRH ; LH depletion ; Pituitary gland, pars anterior ; Immunohistochemistry ; Radioimmunoassay ; Pubertal rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study investigates the relationship between pituitary LHRH responsiveness and the depletion of LH in pubertal rats. The anterior pituitaries of 7-week-old rats of both sexes were stimulated for a maximum of 24 h with either a continuous, or pulsatile exposure to LHRH in vitro. Immunohistochemical examination revealed that most LH-cells in females became depleted of immunoreactive material, regardless of the mode of LHRH administration. In contrast, the majority of LH-cells in the male gland retained a strong immunostaining intensity. Radioimmunoassay showed that the initial pituitary LH content was significantly lower in the female rats (P〈 0.001), but, even so, they released a higher percentage of stored LH in response to LHRH stimulation in vitro. A similar result was also obtained after a single injection of LHRH in vivo. Thus, the lower LH content and higher LHRH responsiveness of the female pituitary explain why LHRH treatment induced a pronounced LH depletion in this sex. These results are discussed in relation to available data on heightened LH secretion in maturing female rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218057
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  • 62
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    Serotonin-like immunoreactivity in the central nervous system and gonad of the scallop, Patinopecten yessoensis (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 244 (1986), S. 515-517 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Central nervous system ; Gonad ; Patinopecten yessoensis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The localization of neurons containing serotonin in the central nervous system and the gonad of the scallop, Patinopecten yessoensis, was examined immunohistochemically. In the central nervous system a large number of immunoreactive perikarya were observed in the following regions: a part of the anterior lobe of the cerebral ganglion; the posterior lobe of the cerebral ganglion; the pedal ganglion; and the accessory ganglion. No immunoreactive perikarya were found in the visceral ganglion. Numerous immunoreactive fibers were revealed in the neuropil of all central ganglia. In the gonadal region immunoreactive fibers were distributed around the gonoduct and along the germinal epithelium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00212528
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  • 63
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    Immunohistochemical demonstration of histamine N-methyltransferase-like structures in rat kidney (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 243 (1986), S. 681-684 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Histamine ; Histamine N-methyltransferase ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kidney ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Histamine N-methyltransferase (S-adenosylmethionine: histamine N-methyltransferase, E.C. 2.1.1.8) was purified to homogeneity from rat kidney, and antibody was raised against it in guinea pigs. The antibody immunoprecipitated histamine N-methyltransferase. Immunofluorescent histochemical studies with anti-histamine N-methyltransferase antibody as the first antibody and goat antiguinea pig IgG conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate as the second, showed the presence of immunoreactive structures in the proximal tubules of rat kidney. The brain showed no immunoreaction with the antibody.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218079
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    Urotensin I-like immunoreactivity in the midgut endocrine cells of the insects Gryllus bimaculatus and Periplaneta americana (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 244 (1986), S. 565-568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Urotensin I ; Gut endocrine cell ; Insects ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The occurrence of urotensin I (UI)-like immunoreactivity is demonstrated in the midgut of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus and the cockroach Periplaneta americana. The immunoreactivity is restricted to endocrine cells dispersed in the epithelium of the midgut. The UI-positive endocrine cells are numerous in the cricket, but much fewer in the cockroach. These UI-positive cells are different from bovine pancreatic polypeptide (BPP)-immunoreactive cells which represent a dominant cell type in the midgut of both insects. This study suggests the possibility that the neuropeptide UI or a closely related substance may also occur in animals other than fishes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00212534
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  • 65
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    Ontogenesis of corticotropes and lactotropes in situ in the pituitary gland of the hamster (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 245 (1986), S. 673-679 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pituitary gland ; ACTH cells ; PRL cells ; Immunohistochemistry ; Development ; Mesocricetus auratus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The development of corticotropes and lactotropes was investigated in the golden Syrian hamster using an anti-porcine ACTH antiserum and a homologous antihamster PRL antiserum. Oval corticotropes were first visible in the ventral region of the pars distalis at 13 days of gestation. By the end of gestation, corticotropes were found throughout the pars distalis and in the pars intermedia. Corticotropes in the pars distalis of postnatal hamsters were either round or irregularly-shaped, often appearing in clusters. Throughout development, corticotropes often appeared to be surrounding other cells. Scarce, very small lactotropes were first observed in the pars distalis of hamsters on the first postnatal day. The number of these cells, which were either round or polyhedral, increased dramatically between 4 and 20 days of postnatal life. These observations indicate that the sequence of appearance of corticotropes and lactotropes in the hamster is similar to that in other species and that lactotropes are confined to the pars distalis of postnatal hamsters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218571
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  • 66
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    Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies on steroid-secreting cells of the testis and ovary of normal and 3-methylcholanthrene-treated mice (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 245 (1986), S. 681-683 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Smooth endoplasmic reticulum ; Cytochrome P-450 ; Testis ; Ovary ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The testis and ovary of normal and 3-methylcholanthrene-treated mice were studied ultrastructurally and immunohistochemically in order to learn whether steroid-secreting cells of the gonads are involved in drug metabolism. The steroid-secreting cells, i.e., Leydig cells of the testis, and theca interna cells, interstitial gland cells, and corpus luteum cells of the ovary of 3-methylcholanthrene-treated mice, show a strong positive reaction to the antiserum against, hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450, of liver which is the terminal oxidase of the drug-metabolizing enzyme complex. In addition, it was found that elements of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) in drug-treated mice become well developed as compared with those in control animals. These findings indicate that the steroid secreting cells in testis as well as ovary are involved in the metabolism of both endogenous and exogenous chemical compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218572
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  • 67
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    A comparative in vitro study on LHRH responsiveness of LH cells of the pars tuberalis and pars distalis (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 245 (1986), S. 369-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: LHRH stimulation ; Pars distalis ; Pars tuberalis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Radioimmunoassay ; Rat ; Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of the present study was to test whether the luteinizing-hormone (LH) cells in the pars tuberalis (PT) of the rat and mouse respond to LH-releasing hormone (LHRH) as do those of the pars distalis. A part of the basal hypothalamus containing the pituitary stalk, median eminence and the pars tuberalis (H-PT), was dissected out and incubated in vitro. The LH-secreting capacity of the PT was investigated after removal of the “pituitary body” (i.e., partes distalis, intermedia and nervosa). First, some rat and mouse H-PT tissues were treated with synthetic LHRH (100ng/ml), while others were incubated without LHRH. After 24 h of incubation, variable amounts of LH release were detected in the medium. This LH discharge, however, was not LHRH-dependent but proportional to the number of PT LH cells that were immunohistochemically detected in each incubated tissue. Since there was marked individual variation in the number of LH cells in the PT, the LH levels in the incubation medium were next compared before and after LHRH treatment using the same H-PT of the rat. An effect of LHRH could not clearly be shown in this experiment. Finally, the cytological response of the PT to LHRH was investigated by incubating both the H-PT and pituitary body connected to the intact pituitary stalk. Immunohistochemical examination of LHRH-treated tissues after 24 h revealed that, in females of both rats and mice, hormone depletion occurred in LH cells of the pars distalis but not in those of the PT. These results indicate that although LH cells in the PT can release LH in vitro, their mode of hormone synthesis and/or discharge differs from that of LH cells in the pars distalis. Since there was a marked individual variation and small LH-secreting capacity by the PT tissue, it seems unlikely, at least in rats and mice, that LH of PT origin plays an important role in the normal physiological state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00213944
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    Protein absorption by tubular mesonephric and metanephric structures in the human embryo (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 246 (1986), S. 77-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Mesonephros ; Metanephros ; Protein reabsorption ; Immunohistochemistry ; Development, ontogenetic ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The presence of different serum proteins in the cells of the proximal tubule of both meso- and metanephric nephrons in human embryos (7th–12th week of intrauterine life) was investigated using immunohistochemistry. Endogenous lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrpysin and ferritin were detected in mesonephric proximal tubules and, starting from the 8th week, also in metanephric proximal tubules. Our observations provide information concerning the appearance and distribution of tubular protein reabsorption during the early stages of development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219002
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  • 69
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    Glucagon-related peptides in the rat hypothalamus (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 246 (1986), S. 71-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Glucagon-related peptides ; Rat hypothalamus ; Radioimmunochemistry ; Immunohistochemistry ; Food deprivation ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immunohistochemically, nerve fibers and terminals reacting with anti-N-terminal-specific but not with anti-C-terminal-specific glucagon antiserum were observed in the following rat hypothalamic regions: paraventricular nucleus, supraoptic nucleus, anterior hypothalamus, arcuate nucleus, ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus and median eminence. Few fibers and terminals were demonstrated in the lateral hypothalamic area and dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus. Radioimmunoassay data indicated that the concentration of gut glucagon-like immunoreactivity was higher in the ventromedial nucleus than in the lateral hypothalamic area. In food-deprived conditions, this concentration increased in both these parts. This was also verified in immunostained preparations in which a marked enhancement of gut glucagon-like immunoreactivity-containing fibers and terminals was observed in many hypothalamic regions. Several immunoreactive cell bodies were found in the ventromedial and arcuate nuclei of starved rats. Both biochemical and morphological data suggest that glucagon-related peptides may act as neurotransmitters or neuromodulators in the hypothalamus and may be involved in the central regulatory mechanism related to feeding behavior and energy metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219001
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  • 70
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    Abdominal aortic aneurysms: Distribution of elastin, collagen I and III, and intermediate filament proteins desmin and vimentin—A comparison of familial and nonfamilial aneurysms (1986)
    Springer
    Heart and vessels 2 (1986), S. 172-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-2573
    Keywords: Aortic aneurysm ; Collagen ; Desmin ; Intermediate filaments ; Vimentin ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aortic walls of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) and of healthy controls were examined for elastin, collagen I and III, and the intermediate filament proteins desmin and vimentin by immunohistochemical, enzyme histochemical, and routine histological techniques. The morphology of the aneurysmatic walls varied considerably from case to case, but many pathological changes were seen in all cases, e.g., extensive atherosclerotic plaques in the intima, prominent alterations in amount and organization of the elastic lamellae in the media, and an increase of connective tissue. Both collagen I and III were present in all the aneurysmatic walls. The smooth muscle cells in all the aortic walls showed a marked heterogeneity with respect to the morphological appearance, the enzyme histochemical features, and the content of desmin and vimentin. Vimentin occurred in some intimal, medial muscle, and adventitial cells of both the controls and the AAA patients. Desmin occurred in some of the intimal, medial, and adventitial muscle cells of both the controls and the AAA patients. All the cells with desmin in the intima and media also contained vimentin. Thus, smooth muscle cells in the walls of both the normal human abdominal aorta and aneurysms contained either vimentin, desmin, or both. This variability may be explained by the presence of different phenotypes of smooth muscle cells and could be of significance for the development of atherosclerosis and aneurysms. Of special interest was the finding that 5 of the 24 AAA patients studied had blood relatives with the same disease, suggesting a hereditary influence. However, no systematic differences between the morphological appearance of the aneurysmatic walls in familial and nonfamilial AAA could be detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02128144
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