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  • 1995-1999
  • 1990-1994  (11.980)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1945-1949
  • 1935-1939
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  • 1890-1899
  • 1994  (11.980)
  • Chemistry  (11.714)
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  • Immunohistochemistry  (156)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging
Datenquelle
Materialart
Erscheinungszeitraum
  • 1995-1999
  • 1990-1994  (11.980)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1945-1949
  • 1935-1939
    • +
Jahr
Schlagwörter
  • 101
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Intralabyrinthine schwannoma shown by magnetic resonance imaging (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 63-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Acoustic neuroma ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Temporal bone tumours
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Intralabyrinthine schwannomas are rare benign tumours which present with progressive or fluctuant audiovestibular symptoms and may mimic Meniéres discase. The size and position of these lesions make preoperative diagnosis unusual and most are discovered incidentally at labyrinthectomy. A case is reported which was diagnosed on magnetic resonance imaging and confirmed at surgery.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00599200
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  • 102
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Central nervous system tuberculosis: MRI (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 93-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Tuberculosis ; Central nervous system ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The MRI findings of 18 proven cases of central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis were reviewed; 10 patients were seropositive for HIV. All had medical, laboratory, or surgical proof of CNS tuberculosis. Eleven patients had meningitis, of whom two also had arachnoiditis. Five patients had focal intra-axial tuberculomas: four brain masses and one an intramedullary spinal lesion. Two patients had focal extra-axial tuberculomas: one in the pontine cistern, and one in the spine. In all 11 patients with meningitis MRI showed diffuse, thick, meningeal enhancement. All intraparenchymal tuberculomas showed low signal intensity on T2-weighted images and ring or nodular enhancement. The extra-axial tuberculomas had areas isointense or hypoitense relative to normal brain and spinal cord on T2-weighted images. Although tuberculous meningitis cannot be differentiated from other meningitides on the basis of MR findings, intraparenchymal tuberculomas show characteristic T2 shortening, not found in most other space-occupying lesions. In the appropriate clinical setting, tuberculoma should be considered.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588067
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  • 103
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Haemorrhagic pituitary tumours (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 111-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Pituitary tumour ; Haemorrhage ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Bromocriptine medication
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract In a group of 69 patients with pituitary tumours, 12 were found to have evidence of intratumoral haemorrhage on MRI, characterized by high signal intensity on short TR/TE sequences. This was verified in all but 1 patient. The majority of the bleedings occurred in macroadenomas. Five (42%) were prolactinomas and 4 (33%) were non-functioning adenomas. There were 2 GH- and 1 ACTH-secreting tumours. All 5 patients with prolactinomas were on bromocriptine medication. Two of the patients had a clinical picture of pituitary apoplexy. The haemorrhage was not large enough to prompt surgery in any of the patients. However, surgical verification of the diagnosis was obtained in 5 cases, while 6 patients were examined with follow-up MRI.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588072
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  • 104
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    MRI of an unusual case of peduncular hallucinosis (Lhermitte's syndrome) (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 121-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Hallucinations ; Peduncular hallucinosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We report a case of peduncular hallucinosis (Lhermitte's syndrome), unusual in that there were no associated neurological signs and the symptoms persisted over many years. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated the typical midbrain lesion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588075
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  • 105
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Increased pulsatile movement of the hindbrain in syringomyelia associated with the Chiari malformation: cine-MRI with presaturation bolus tracking (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 125-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Chiari malformation ; Syringomyelia ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Cine-MRI
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Cine-MRI with presaturation bolus tracking was used in patients with syringomyelia associated with a Chiari malformation to study pulsatile movement of the hindbrain, cervical spinal cord, cerebrospinal fluid and the fluid within the syrinx. Nine patients had 13 examinations, 6 preoperative, 3 after syringosubarachnoid shunting and 4 after posterior fossa decompression. Five controls were also examined. Dynamic display of the acquired images demonstrated downward displacement of the presaturation bolus on the cerebellar tonsils and medulla oblongata (or upper cervical cord) at the C1 level in all preoperative examinations and in two patients after syringo-subarachnoid shunting but with residual foramen magnum obstruction. Downward displacement of the bolus on the cervical spinal cord was also demonstrated in 7 examintions, but not observed in the controls. Thus, the hind-brain-spinal cord axis showed larger pulsatile movements in patients with foramen magnum obstruction. Based on these observations and a review of the literature, a new theory on the mode of extension of syringomyelia, emphasising the role of increased pulsatile movement of the hind-brain-spinal cord axis is proposed: that the pulsatile movements, together with a one-way valve mechanism in the syrinx cavity act as a “vacuum-pump” to enlarge the syrinx.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588077
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  • 106
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Magnetic resonance imaging of nerve root inflammation in the Guillain-Barré syndrome (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 139-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Magnetic resonance imaging ; polyneuritis ; Guillain Barré syndrome
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We report gadolinium-enhancing nerve root lesions in a 52-year-old man with typical Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). This enhancement correlates well with the perineurial inflammatory and demyelinating processes known to characterize GBS and other inflammatory neuropathies. MRI should enable further exploration of patterns of disease in GBS and, with further study, perhaps assist in evaluating therapy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588081
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  • 107
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    MRI in cerebellar hypoplasia (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 148-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Cerebellum ; Hypoplasia ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Cerebellar hypoplasia may present with a wide variety of neurological and systemic features, ranging from aplasia causing neonatal death to mild hypoplasia in an asymptomatic adult. MRI clearly documents the size of the cerebellum and any associated abnormalities. We describe 7 cases of cerebellar hypoplasia of varying aetiology-3 inherited, 2 associated with spinal dysraphism, 1 with Joubert's syndrome and 1 with pontine agenesis, probably as a result of basilar artery infarction in utero. T1- and T2-weighted images were obtained in each case and gadolinium-DTPA was administered in one. Associated features such as a Chiari malformation (2 cases), brain stem hypoplasia (2 cases), Dandy-Walker cyst and pachygyria (3 cases) and spinal dysraphism (2 cases) were clearly identified. Accurate documentation of these appearances assists in genetic counselling.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588085
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  • 108
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cerebrospinal fluid flow and production in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus studied by MRI (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 210-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Cerebrospinal fluid flow ; Cerebrospinal fluid production ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Normal pressure hydrocephalus
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract An interleaved velocity-sensitised fast low-angle shot pulse sequence was used to study cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow in the cerebral aqueduct, and supratentorial CSF production in 9 patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and 9 healthy volunteers. The peak aqueduct CSF flow, both caudal and rostral, was significantly increased in patients with NPH. No significant difference in the supratentorial CSF production rate was found between patients (mean 0.60+/−0.59 ml/min) and healthy volunteers (mean 0.68+/−0.31 ml/min). Our method may be useful for investigation and monitoring of patients with NPH before and after ventriculoperitoneal shunt operations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588133
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  • 109
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    MRI in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 216-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis ; Postviral encephalitis ; Brain, demyelination ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Gadolinium ; Central nervous system
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract A retrospective analysis of CT and MRI studies in 12 patients with a clinical diagnosis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) was performed. MRI was the definitive modality for the assessment of the lesions of ADEM: all patients had abnormalities consistent with the clinical diagnosis. Ten had abnormalities in the brain, three spinal cord lesions, and three showed evidence of optic neuritis. CT was normal in 6 of the 7 patients in which it was performed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588134
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  • 110
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Acute bilateral striatal necrosis in an infant: CT and MRI (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 245-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Basal ganglia ; Encephalitis ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We report a case of acute bilateral striatal necrosis in an infant. CT and MRI findings are described.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588144
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  • 111
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Early clinical and imaging (high-field MRI) diagnosis of Hallervorden-Spatz disease (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 247-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Hallervorden-Spatz disease ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Iron ; Gradient-echo
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract In a 10-year-old girl, with progressive motor disturbance since the age of seven years and dominant pyramidal signs, MRI revealed marked overall low signal from the globus pallidus on each side, with central zones of high signal. There was also strikingly low signal in the zona reticularis of the substantia nigra, indicative of Hallervorden-Spatz disease (HSD).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588145
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  • 112
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Imaging of cerebral infarction caused by atrial myxoma (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 271-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Atrial myxoma ; Cerebral infarction ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Echocardiography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We describe the radiologic investigation of two patients with primary left atrial myxoma who presented with embolic manifestations in the brain. MRI and CT showed multiple infarcts, while the cardiac atrial mass was demonstrated in one of the patients by MRI and in both by echocardiography.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00593257
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  • 113
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Magnetic resonance imaging of dorsolateral medullary infarction in Wallenberg's syndrome (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 269-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Lateral medullary infarction ; cerebellar infarction ; Wallenberg's syndrome ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Magnetic resonance angiography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract In a case of Wallenberg's syndrome, infarction of the dorsolateral medulla was shown to be caused by thrombosis of the left vertebral artery, as demonstrated by T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance angiography and conventional angiography.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00593256
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  • 114
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Idiopathic hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis: a case report (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 292-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Hypertrophic pachymeningitis ; Tentorium ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Hypertrophic pachymeningitis is a rare fibrosing inflamatory process involving dura mater and tentorium. In this report we are presenting contrast enhanced MRI findings of an unusual case of pachymeningitis which presented with a periorbital mass due to dural sinuses occlusion and retrograde filling of periorbital veins through superior sagittal sinus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00593263
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  • 115
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    MRI of pituitary adenomas: the position of the normal pituitary gland (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 295-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Pituitary adenoma ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Gadolinium ; DTPA ; Normal pituitary gland
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The position of the normal pituitary gland, assessed using gadolinium-enhanced MRI was compared with the position found at surgery for pituitary adenoma in 25 patients. The tumours were five microadenomas and 20 macroadenomas. Using T1-weighted imaging, the anterior lobe could be differentiated on the sagittal image in five patients (20%) and on the coronal image in four (16%). The high intensity of the posterior lobe could be differentiated using T1-weighted sagittal imaging in 13 patients (52%). The normal pituitary gland, which enhanced more strongly than tumour, could be differentiated using Gd-DTPA-enhanced MRI on the sagittal images in 22 cases (88%) and on the coronal image in 17 (68%). In seven patients, the normal pituitary gland surrounded the tumour; it was displaced superiorly in 14 cases and superioposterorly in two but in no case was it displaced anteriorly or downwards.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00593264
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  • 116
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A clinical and histopathological study of factors affecting MRI signal intensities of pituitary adenomas (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 298-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Pituitary adenoma ; MRI ; Immunohistochemistry ; Pituitary hormones
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Our aim was to elucidate the factors which determine the MRI signal intensities of pituitary adenomas. We examined 51 patients with surgically-confirmed pituitary adenomas. Using a spin-echo pulse sequence (SE 500/15), coronal and sagittal images (3 mm slices) were obtained. Signal intensities on T1-weighted images were measured in the parenchyma of the adenoma and in normal grey matter. The relative intensity of the adenoma was assessed by calculating the ratio of its signal intensity to that of the normal grey matter of the same patient. Parafin-embedded sections were used for haematoxylin and eosin staining. The number of cells in a prescribed area was counted, and the mean of five such counts was taken as the cell density. Immunohistochemically stained sections using antibodies for various pituitary hormones were similarly examined; the ratio of the total number of hormone-positive cells to the overall total number of adenoma cells was calculated. Four independent variables were used in the analysis: the age of the patient, the maximum diameter of the adenoma, the cell density and the proportion of hormone-positive cells in the adenoma and, with the signal intensity ratio as the dependent variable, a multiple regression analysis was performed. This revealed that the the greatest influence upon the signal intensities on T1-weighted images was the proportion of hormone positive cells.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00593265
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  • 117
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An unusual frontal ganglioglioma: CT and MRI (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 311-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Ganglioglioma ; Central nervous system ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We describe a ganglioglioma with atypical radiological appearances, in an uncommon location. CT showed a nonenhancing low-density lesion without calcification. On MRI the lesion gave nonspecific low signal on T1-weighted images and high signal on T2-weighted images. The tumour was in the right frontal lobe, producing bulging and thinning of the calvarium.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00593268
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  • 118
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A comparison between fast and conventional spin-echo in the detection of multiple sclerosis lesions (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 388-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Magnetic resonance imaging ; Fast spin-echo ; Multiple sclerosis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Long repetition time (TR) spin-echo (SE) with T2- or proton density weighting is the sequence of choice to detect the brain lesions of multiple sclerosis (MS). Fast spin-echo (FSE) permits the generation of T2-weighted images with similar contrast to SE but in a fraction of the time. We compared the sensitivity of FSE and SE in the detection of the brain lesions of MS. Six patients with clinically definite MS underwent brain imaging with both dual echo (long TR, long and short echo time (TE) SE and dual echo FSE. The SE and FSE images were first reviewed independently and then compared. A total of 404 lesions was detected on SE and 398 on FSE. Slightly more periventricular lesions were detected using SE than FSE (145 vs 127), whereas more posterior cranial fossa lesions were detected by FSE (77 vs 57). With both SE and FSE the short TE images revealed more lesions than the long echo. These results suggest that FSE could replace SE as the long TR sequence of choice in the investigation of MS.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00612125
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  • 119
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Optic nerve injury demonstrated by MRI with STIR sequences (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 512-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Optic nerve injury ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Short inversion time inversion recovery sequence
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We studied nine patients with optic nerve injury associated with closed head trauma by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with short inversion time inversion recovery (STIR) sequences on 11 occasions from 4 days to 14 years after the injury: three studies were within 17 days and eight over 4 months to 14 years. MRI revealed abnormal high signal in 10 of the 11 injured nerves. MRI 4 days after the injury showed no abnormality.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00593510
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  • 120
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MRI in the detection of spinal arteriovenous malformations (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 522-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Magnetic resonance imaging ; Arteriovenous malformations ; Spinal cord ; Contrast media
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Arteriovenous fistulae and malformations (AVFs and AVMs) of the spinal cord are rare, potentially treatable causes of progressive disability. Although a variety of MRI abnormalities has been described, the diagnosis rests on the findings on selective spinal angiography.Collecting T2*-weighted MR images during the passage of a gadolinium bolus gives information about perfusion and blood volume. We carried out dynamic MRI in seven patients with vascular abnormalities (5 dural AVFs, 1 intramedullary AVM, 1 cryptic angioma) and in two patients without an AVM. High resolution T1- and T2-weighted sagittal images of the whole spinal cord were first obtained using a multiarray receiver coil. Sagittal radiofrequency spoilt gradient echo images (GE34/25, flip angle 100) were then obtained during bolus injection of gadolinium-DTPA. Abnormalities were seen in all seven patients with AVFs or AVMs. In the patient with an intramedullary AVM and four of the five with dural AVFs transient signal reduction was seen within the perimedullary venous plexus during passage of the bolus. The findings correlated well with those from selective spinal angiography. We conclude that dynamic MRI offers a useful adjunct to angiography and may localise an arteriovenous shunt when conventional MRI fails to do so. In combination with high-resolution imaging of the entire spinal cord the technique may make myelography redundant; it is simple, well tolerated and can be carried out without significant time penalty.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00593515
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  • 121
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comparison of the precision of two standardized co-ordinate systems for the quantitation of brain anatomy: preliminary results (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 499-503 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Brain ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Localization
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We assessed reproducible definition of two standardized co-ordinate systems for intersubject analysis of brain images. The baselines in the two co-ordinate systems were a modification of the canthomeatal (inCM) line and the anterior-posterior commissural )AC-PC) line. Axial spin-echo MR images of four subjects at 1.5T were used. Operator error was computed from the replicate analyses of two operators. The mCM line was determined by the lens of the eye and the internal auditory canal, and the AC-PC line was determined by the intersection of the AC and PC with the interhemispheric fissure. Reproducibility of the mCM markers (SD=0.59 mm) did not differ significantly from that of the AC-PC line (SD=0.68 mm). The measurement error of the angle of the baseline (δα), however, was more than 7 times as large for the AC-PC line as for the mCM line. An additional error affecting the rostrocaudal rotation of the co-ordinate systems, attributable to the distance between the anatomic markers, was 2.1 and 3.6° (3 mm and 5 mm slice thickness) for the mCM co-ordinate system and 8.2 and 11.0° (3 mm and 5 mm slice thickness) for the AC-PC system. The AC-PC line based co-ordinate system is therefore, less reproducible than the mCM line based system. this could be improved if a combination of axial and sagittal images were used for the definition of the AC-PC line.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00593507
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  • 122
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Limited duration of the effect of methylprednisolone on changes on MRI in multiple sclerosis (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 382-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Multiple sclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Corticosteroid ; Gadolinium
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Treatment with methylprednisolone reduces the duration and severity of clinical relapses in multiple sclerosis (MS), while reducing the number of gadolinium-enhancing lesions on T1-weighted MRI. We performed serial MRI imaging after methylprednisolone treatment to see whether suppression of enhancement persists and whether related abnormalities on T2-weighted images disappear at follow-up. Thirteen patients with definite MS received a total of 31 courses of methylprednisolone over an average period of 50 weeks. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI was obtained before and after treatment, then at monthly intervals, using a standardised repositioning and imaging protocol. Two experienced readers in conference defined the number of active (gadolinium-enhancing and new or enlarging nonenhancing) lesions. We detected 609 active lesions on 195 examinations. Directly after treatment the reduction in the number of enhancing lesions was 78%, indicating restoration of the BBB and suppression of inflammation. It was uncommon for a lesion which stopped enhancing to show enhancement on a subsequent examination. No beneficial effect was observed on the rate of disappearance of related abnormalities on T2-weighted images, indicating persistent change such as oedema, cellular infiltration or demyelination. Moreover, in 89% of cases, an increase in the number of active lesions was observed before new clinical activity, if any, was observed (on average 52% earlier). MRI enabled us to demonstrate that the duration of the effect of methylprednisolone treatment is temporary (on average 9.7 weeks).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00612124
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  • 123
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    MRI of the brain in chronic carbon monoxide poisoning (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 399-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Carbon monoxide poisoning ; Cerebral white matter degeneration ; Cerebral cortical atrophy ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We examined 13 patients with chronic carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); all of them had been in an explosion in a coal mine 25 years previously. Symmetrical globus pallidus lesions were observed in 12, as was degeneration of the white matter, with focal cortical atrophy. The temporal parietal and occipital lobes were usually affected, the parietooccipital region being the most frequently and extensively damaged. Of the 12 patients with white matter degeneration 7 had definitely asymmetrical cortical and subcortical lesions. There were 6 patients with dilated temporal horns, probably due to atrophy of the hippocampal gyri. A history of CO inhalation and an awareness of the typical distributions of lesions are important for recognition of the effects of CO poisoning, especially when patients are in the chronic stage.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00612127
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  • 124
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Changes in the basal ganglia and thalamus following reperfusion after complete cerebral ischaemia (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 605-607 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Magnetic resonance imaging ; Basal ganglia ; Thalamus ; Complete cerebral ischaemia ; Cardiac arrest
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We report specific changes bilaterally in the basal ganglia and thalamus following reperfusion after complete cerebral ischaemia. A 69-year-old man, resuscitated after cardiac arrest, showed symmetrical lowdensity lesions in the head of the caudate nucleus and lentiform nucleus on CT. MRI revealed methaemoglobin derived from minor haemorrhage in the basal ganglia and thalamus, not evident on CT. We suggest that this haemorrhage results from diapedesis of red blood cells through the damaged capillary endothelium following reperfusion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600418
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  • 125
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Zytokeratin-positives Angiosarkom der Nebenniere (1994)
    Springer
    Der Pathologe 15 (1994), S. 181-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Schlagwort(e): Schlüsselwörter Angiosarkom ; Nebenniere ; Immunhistochemie ; Intermediärfilamente ; Zytokeratine ; CD 31 ; Key words Angiosarcoma ; Adrenal gland ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intermediate filaments ; Cytokeratins ; CD 31
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary Cytological, biopsy and autopsy findings in a patient suffering from massively metastasizing adrenal angiosarcoma are reported. Histogenetic typing of the tumour initially manifestating itself by osseous and liver metastases was problematic with regard to its partially epithelioid structure and its positivity upon cytokeratin immunostaining. Of relevance for the correct typing was the finding that the tumour cells in addition exhibited positivity for vascular markers. This case confirms literature data according to which cytokeratin expression not infrequently may be encountered in endothelial neoplasms and which by no means should lead to exclude such a tentative diagnosis.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Berichtet wird über zytologische, bioptische und autoptische Befunde bei einem Patienten mit fortgeschritten metastasiertem adrenalen Angiosarkom. Die korrekte histogenetische Klassifikation der sich zunächst durch ossäre und Leberabsiedlungen manifestierenden teilweise epitheloiden Neoplasie war konventionell-morphologisch und wegen des immunhistologisch positiven Zytokeratin-Nachweises problematisch. Bedeutung für die Diagnosesicherung hatte die zusätzlich nachgewiesene Positivität der Tumorzellen für vaskuläre Marker. Der beschriebene Fall bestätigt Literaturbefunde, nach denen eine Zytokeratin-Expression unter Angiosarkomen nicht selten angetroffen wird und keinesfalls zum Ausschluß einer entsprechenden Verdachtsdiagnose führen darf.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002920050043
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  • 126
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Feuchtes Autoklavieren Der einfachere Weg zur Antigendemaskierung (1994)
    Springer
    Der Pathologe 15 (1994), S. 345-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Schlagwort(e): Schlüsselwörter Autoklavieren ; Mikrowelle ; Immunhistochemie ; Antigen-Demaskierung ; Key words Wet autoclaving ; Microwave pretreatment ; Immunohistochemistry ; Antigen retrieval
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary Wet autoclaving is a simple, reliable and time-effective method for antigen retrieval in routinely processed archival material. Both routine diagnostic (e. g., oestrogen and progesterone receptors, cytoskeletal proteins) and research antibodies (e. g. various p53 antibodies, mdm-2, bcl-2, MIB-1) are reported to demonstrate its application. Wet autoclaving may allow successful application of antibodies in paraffin-embedded tissues designed for use on frozen sections. The technique has the poten-tial to reliably handle up to 200 sections at a time, without evidence of any significant damage to the sections or nuclear morphology.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Mit der Technik des feuchten Autoklavierens wird eine einfache, verläßliche und zeitsparende Methode zur Antigen-Demaskierung an Formalin-fixiertem und Paraffin-eingebettetem Gewebe vorgestellt. Anhand einer Reihe von Antikörpern (Östrogen- und Progesteronrezeptoren, Zytoskelettproteine, verschiedene p53-Antikörper, mdm-2, bcl-2, MIB-1 u. a.) verwendeter Antikörper werden die Vorteile dieser Methode beschrieben. Das feuchte Autoklavieren ermöglicht bei einigen sonst nur am Gefrierschnitt einsetzbaren Antikörpern auch deren Anwendung am Paraffinschnitt. Für den Routinepathologen ist die leichte Handhabung sowie die hohe Reproduzierbarkeit von Vorteil.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002920050064
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  • 127
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Osteosarkom – Apoptose und Proliferation Untersuchung zur bcl-2-Expression (1994)
    Springer
    Der Pathologe 15 (1994), S. 337-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Schlagwort(e): Schlüsselwörter bcl-2 ; Osteosarkom ; Apoptose ; programmierter Zelltod ; Immunhistologie ; Proliferation ; Key words bcl-2 ; Osteosarcoma ; Apoptosis ; programmed cell death ; Immunohistochemistry ; Proliferation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary The relationsship between the growth of tumors and the expression of the protooncogen Bcl-2 could be shown in epithelial tumors. A bcl-2 expression leads to a prolonged cell survival due to an inhibition of apoptosis. The potential meaning of bcl-2 expression in mesenchymal tumors remains still unknown. The fact, that the heterogenous group of osteosarkoma is not sufficiently characterized at present, suggested to investigate the bcl-2 expression in osteosarcoma. Thus, immunohistochemistry was used to analyze 47 specimens of different osteosarcomas of 36 patients. Sixteen cases (46 %) showed a strong expression of bcl-2 and 13 cases (35 %) were moderately positiv for bcl-2. Seven cases (19 %) were negative for bcl-2. The heterogenous, negative up to strong expression of bcl-2 yield clues, that the Bcl-2 controlled regulation of programmed cell death could be an important factor of cellular kinetics. Additionally the cellular proliferationrate was determined with the monoklonal antibody MIB 1, directed against the Ki-67 epitop. The data of bcl-2 expression and cellular proliferationrate lead to a classification correlating with the histological classification. To verify the importance of apoptosis in the genesis of mesenchymal tumors and whether Bcl-2 may play an important role as a predictive factor for the prognosis of osteosarcoma, further investigations will be needed.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Bei zahlreichen epithelialen Geweben konnte ein Zusammenhang zwischen Tumorwachstum und der Expression des Protoonkogens Bcl-2 nachgewiesen werden. Eine bcl-2-Expression ist verbunden mit verlängertem Zellüberleben infolge einer Apoptoseinhibition. Hingegen ist über die bcl-2-Expression und deren mögliche Bedeutung in mesenchymalen Tumoren wenig bekannt. Da die heterogene Gruppe der Osteosarkome mit den derzeitigen methodischen Mitteln nicht hinreichend charakterisierbar ist, wurde die bcl-2-Expression untersucht. Immunhistologisch wurden 47 Osteosarkompräparate von 36 Patienten unterschiedlicher Subtypen analysiert. Von den 36 Fällen zeigten in der Biopsie 16 Fälle (46 %) eine stark positive und 13 Fälle (35 %) eine mittelgradig positive bcl-2 Expression. Sieben Fälle (19 %) waren bcl-2-negativ. Die heterogene, fehlende bis starke bcl-2-Expression deutet darauf hin, daß in Osteosarkomen die Bcl-2-gesteuerte Regulation des programmierten Zelltodes einen Faktor in der zellulären Wachstumskinetik darstellt. Zusätzlich wurde die Proliferationsrate, anhand des gegen das Ki-67-Antigen gerichteten monoklonalen Antikörper MIB-1 bestimmt. Aus den Daten zur bcl-2-Expression und Proliferationsrate ergibt sich eine Einteilung, die eine Übereinstimmung mit der histologischen Klassifikation aufweist. Welche Bedeutung die Apoptose in der Genese mesenchymaler Tumoren hat und ob die bcl-2-Expression einen prädiktiven Wert für die Prognose von Osteosarkomen besitzt, bedarf weiterer Untersuchungen.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002920050063
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  • 128
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ektopes Meningeom in der Tonsille (1994)
    Springer
    Der Pathologe 15 (1994), S. 358-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Schlagwort(e): Schlüsselwörter Tonsillentumor ; Primär extrakranielles Meningeom ; Atypisches Meningeom ; Immunhistologie ; Key words Tumour of the palatine tonsil ; Primary extracranial meningioma ; Atypical meningioma ; Immunohistochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary To our knowledge this is the first reported case of a primary extracranial meningioma located in the palatine tonsil. Immunohistochemical investigation of the tumour showed coexpression of vimentin and neuron-specific enolase (NSE). No staining was found with antibodies against cytokeratins KL 1, 13/10, 8 and 18, epithelial membrane antigen EMA and melanoma protein (HMB-45). It seems justifiable to classify this tumour as an atypical meningioma because of the local increased mitotic activity.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Dieses ist nach unseren Kenntnissen der 1. Fallbericht eines primär extrakraniellen, in der Tonsille lokalisierten Meningeoms. Immunhistologisch wies der Tumor eine Koexpression von Vimentin und neuronspezifischer Enolase (NSE) und eine negative Reaktion mit Antikörpern gegen die Zytokeratine KL 1, 13/10, 8, 18, das epitheliale Membranantigen EMA und Melanom Protein (HMB 45) auf. Aufgrund der lokal gesteigerten Mitoserate scheint es gerechtfertigt, den vorliegenden Tumor als atypisches Meningeom zu klassifizieren.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002920050067
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  • 129
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Aneurysmal change of the ductus arteriosus after prostaglandin E1 administration for pulmonary atresia: Demonstration with magnetic resonance imaging (1994)
    Springer
    Pediatric cardiology 15 (1994), S. 30-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1971
    Schlagwort(e): Aneurysmal change ; Ductus arteriosus ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Prostaglandin E1
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary We report a case of pulmonary atresia in which the ductus arteriosus underwent aneurysmal dilatation after infusion of prostaglandin E1 incorporated in lipid microspheres. To our knowledge this is the first case in which this rare morphological change has been demonstrated with the noninvasive method of magnetic resonance imaging.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00797003
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  • 130
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An unusual skin lesion in a pediatric patient with Wegener's granulomatosis (1994)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 8 (1994), S. 587-588 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Schlagwort(e): Wegener's granulomatosis ; Vasculitis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Cyclophosphamide
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Cutaneous manifestations occur in a significant number of patients with Wegener's granulomatosis (WG); however, the presentation and histopathology of these lesions are highly variable and may present problems in diagnosis We report the presentation of a single large skin lesion in a pediatric patient with a history of WG and the characterization of this lesion by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathology. MRI was helpful in delineating the extent of the lesion, although a skin biopsy was necessary to confirm the diagnosis of the vasculitic natur of the lesion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00858134
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  • 131
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Renal involvement in tuberous sclerosis complex: a retrospective survey (1994)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 8 (1994), S. 451-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Schlagwort(e): tuberous sclerosis complex ; Angiomyolipomatosis ; Renal cysts ; Haemorrhage ; Ultrasound ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Renal failure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract In a retrospective survey performed in Germany and Switzerland, 207 patients (ranging in age from newborn to 70 years) were evaluated in order to establish the frequency, prognosis and diagnostic awareness of kidney involvement in the tuberous sclerosis complex. Renal manifestations were observed in 48% of patients: renal cysts (33 patients), renal angiomyolipoma (AML) (30 patients), a combination of both (8 patients), renal cell carcinoma (3 patients), life-threatening events such as haemorrhage (4 patients), hypertensive crisis (2 patients) and chronic renal failure (10 patients) were also documented. The diagnostic imaging techniques of ultrasonography, intravenous urography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are important but do not always yield definitive information. Differentiation between AML and cysts can be achieved using special MRI techniques (RARE). The potential for renal involvement should be monitored in all patients with the tuberous sclerosis complex.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00856529
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  • 132
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evaluation of pulmonary artery anatomy using magnetic resonance: The importance of multiplanar and oblique imaging (1994)
    Springer
    Pediatric cardiology 15 (1994), S. 8-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1971
    Schlagwort(e): Magnetic resonance imaging ; Pulmonary arteries
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Pulmonary artery anatomy was studied in 36 patients (age range 12 days to 12.83 years, mean 2.9 years) with right ventricular outflow tract obstruction over a 3-year period using a 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonance system. Gated spin-echo sequences were obtained in each patient. Image planes used were straight and oblique transverse, oblique coronal, and oblique sagittal. The studies were analyzed retrospectively and comparative angiographic, surgical, and postmortem data was available in all cases. As previously noted with other imaging modalities, multiple views and oblique cuts were found to increase significantly the quality and accuracy of the information acquired. In 12 of the 15 patients who had axial and coronal imaging of both branch pulmonary arteries, the pulmonary arteries were unequivocally demonstrated to at least the first hilar branch. However, early in our experience we missed a number of branch stenoses that developed following surgical anastomoses. These mistakes were caused by inadequate or inappropriate slice acquisition. Magnetic resonance is an important technique for imaging pulmonary arteries. Careful use of the appropriate imaging planes is essential for accurate demonstration of the anatomy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00796999
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  • 133
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Acute pseudoaneurysm formation complicating balloon dilation of native coarctation: Treatment by delayed surgical repair (1994)
    Springer
    Pediatric cardiology 15 (1994), S. 313-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1971
    Schlagwort(e): Aneurysm ; Balloon dilation ; Coarctation of aorta ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary An 11-year-old boy developed an acute aortic pseudoaneurysm during balloon dilation of unoperated coarctation of the aorta. The pseudoaneurysm occurred despite the fact that the balloon catheter size did not exceed the diameter of the aorta at the diaphragm. Elective delayed surgical repair was successfully performed after 3 weeks of antihypertensive treatment when serial magnetic resonance imaging had demonstrated a reduction in the local tissue swelling.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00798127
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  • 134
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    MR appearance of skeletal neoplasms following cryotherapy (1994)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 23 (1994), S. 121-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Schlagwort(e): Magnetic resonance imaging ; Neoplasms ; Musculoskeletal neoplasms ; Cryotherapy ; Chondrosarcoma ; Giant cell tumor of bone
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Cryotherapy is an increasingly popular mode of therapy adjunctive to surgical curettage in the treatment of certain skeletal neoplasms, such as giant cell tumors or chondrosarcomas. The magnetic resonance (MR) findings following cryotherapy have not been previously reported. We reviewed the MR findings in seven patients with skeletal neoplasms following curettage and cryotherapy. In six cases we found a zone of varying thickness extending beyond the surgical margins, corresponding to an area of cryoinjury to medullary bone. This zone displayed low signal intensity on T1-weighted images and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images, consistent with the presence of marrow edema. This zone of edema almost certainly reflects underlying thermal osteonecrosis. This zone may vary in size and intensity over time as the area of cryoinjury evolves or resolves. MR is currently the imaging procedure of choice for follow-up of most musculoskeletal neoplasms. Knowledge of the MR findings following cryotherapy should help prevent confusion during the interpretation of follow-up MR examinations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00563206
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  • 135
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Magnetic resonance relaxation times of normal tissue in the course of chemotherapy: a study in patients with bone sarcoma (1994)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 23 (1994), S. 181-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Schlagwort(e): Bone tumor ; Bone neoplasm ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Chemotherapy ; Relaxation time
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract To study the effect of chemotherapy on normal fat, skeletal muscle, and bone marrow, T1 and T2 relaxation times were measured in 15 patients with bone sarcoma before and after each cycle of preoperative chemotherapy. A section plane containing the tumor and if possible the nonaffected extremity was imaged with combined multiecho spin echo and inversion recovery pulse sequences. T1 and T2 relaxation times were calculated in the normal-appearing tissues. Although some variation was found in the values in the individual patient and between patients, no systematic changes of relaxation times of fat, muscle, or bone marrow occurred in the course of treatment. We conclude that the chemotherapy used in bone sarcoma has no effect on relaxation times of normal fat, muscle, and bone marrow, and that therefore these tissues may serve as a reference for the signal intensity of tumor.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00197456
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  • 136
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Osteomyelitis of the clavicle: clinical, radiologic, and bacteriologic findings in ten patients (1994)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 23 (1994), S. 205-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Schlagwort(e): Clavicle ; Infection ; Osteomyelitis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Most lesions of the clavicle are traumatic and pose few diagnostic difficulties. Nontraumatic clavicular lesions, on the other hand, are rare and frequently present problems in diagnosis. This report reviews the clinical, radiologic, and bacteriologic findings in ten patients, six of whom were diagnosed as having acute osteomyelitis and four chronic osteomyelitis. The differential diagnosis of clavicular osteomyelitis is also discussed. The clinical duration of the infectious process in these patients ranged from 2 weeks to 1.5 years. All patients presented with pain; six had fever, three had localized swelling or a mass, and three had soft tissue abscesses. The radiographic findings also varied: the lesion was predominantly sclerotic in four patients, lytic in three, and mixed in two patients; in the one patient in whom magnetic resonance imaging was the only imaging study performed, these features could not be properly evaluated. Periosteal reaction was detected in three patients. Staphylococcus aureus was the causal organism in four patients, while in the remaining six patients different microorganisms were cultured, including Coccidioides immitis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Six patients required biopsy for final diagnosis. Although clavicular osteomyelitis is rare, particularly in adults, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a clavicular lesion. The final diagnosis often depends on the results of biopsy and cultures.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00197463
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  • 137
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Early-stage focal nodular hyperplasia: US/CT/MR features correlated with histology (1994)
    Springer
    European radiology 4 (1994), S. 65-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Schlagwort(e): Liver, neoplasms ; Liver, diseases ; Liver, focal nodular hypersplasia ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Magnetic resonance (MR), tissue characterization
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Two cases of local nodular hyperplasia (FNH), in which ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MR) studies detected an atypical hemorrhagic pattern associated with an intrahepatic arterio venous malformation (AVM) around the growths, are presented. In both cases, histology demonstrated a very early regenerative stage — without central scar or fibrosis — and necrotichemorrhagic areas within the lesions. In these cases, the analysis of radiological findings, surgical specimens and histology seemed to confirm the pathogenetic hypothesis suggested by Wanless [1]: in normal liver parenchyma, a “blood steal” phenomenon due to congenital or acquired intrahepatic AVM — arterio portal or porto systemic shunt — could cause ischemic damaged, appering as a hemorrhagic necrotic area, the extent of which depends on the degree of residual portal supply (maintained in Case 1, and markedly reduced in Case 2 due to arterio portal shunting). The subsequent phase of repair could activate the regenerative-hyperplastic process, evolving into final fibrosis, which represents the “mature” pattern of FHN.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00177391
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  • 138
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Liposteroid against refractory pulmonary haemorrhage in idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 153 (1994), S. 687-690 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Schlagwort(e): Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis ; Liposteroid Methylprednisolone ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We describe two Japanese children with idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis (IPH), whose refractory haemorrhages were treated with an intravenous lipid emulsion containing dexamethasone (liposteroid). A 22-month-old boy and a 14-month-old girl have been observed with similar symptoms; periodic bouts of anaemia, reticulocytosis, diffuse infiltrates on chest X-ray and the finding of siderophages in sputum or gastric lavage fluid. The MRI of the lung was useful for the diagnosis. Methylprednisolone pulse therapy was successful in treating acute massive bleeding. Subsequent oral prednisolone could not prevent chronic recurrent haemorrhages. However, the intermittent administration of liposteroid (0.05 mg/kg/dose IV) led to a cessation of bleeding; the haemoglobin concentration rose to normal levels. This observation emphasizes the usefulness of liposteroid in the management of refractory IPH.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02190693
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  • 139
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Neuroradiological and neurophysiological indices for neurometabolic disorders (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 153 (1994), S. S90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Schlagwort(e): Tomography X-ray computed ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Electroencephalography ; Electroretinography ; Evoked potentials
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The diagnosis of a neurometabolic disease is usually suggested by clinical history and physical findings and is confirmed by appropriate special studies which may include neuroradiological and neurophysiological investigations. On the other hand, routine neuroradiological and neurophysiological studies may incidentally produce results suggestive of a neurometabolic disorder. This overview contains a set of tables meant to be helpful in deciding which CT, MRI, and electrophysiological studies are indicated when certain neurometabolic disorders are suspected or which disorders must be considered after such studies have produced certain suggestive results.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02138785
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  • 140
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Long-term changes in the magnetic resonance image after chemonucleolysis (1994)
    Springer
    European spine journal 3 (1994), S. 222-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Schlagwort(e): Chemonucleolysis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary After treatment of a symptomatic herniated disc with chymopapain, 14 patients were re-examined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at a mean follow-up of 72 months. Well-defined MRI findings before chemonucleolysis were compared with those after the procedure by an independent observer. Five MRI parameters were assessed. No significant change was noted in the signal intensity of the affected disc, the extent of osteochondrosis and endplate reaction of the affected segment. The height of the affected disc as well as the size of the disc herniation were reduced significantly. The loss of the height is seen as a direct result of chymopapain activity, whereas the alteration of the size of the herniation seems to depend on the natural history of a disc herniation and is probably not a simple result of the treatment.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02221597
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  • 141
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Artifacts in magnetic resonance imaging of the spine after surgery with or without implant (1994)
    Springer
    European spine journal 3 (1994), S. 240-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Schlagwort(e): Spine surgery ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; (MRI) ; Artifacts ; Orthopaedic devices
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is often disturbed after spine surgical procedures with or without an implant. Artifacts are induced by ferromagnetic or nonferromagnetic implants and devices and by small metallic particles left by surgical instruments. All metallic artifacts can affect the quality and usefulness of postoperative spine MR examinations. The physical effects caused by the introduction of metal or other conductive materials into a magnetic field and their consequences are presented. The application to postoperative spine MR examinations and solutions to reduce artifacts are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02226572
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  • 142
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pulmonary artery sarcoma mimicking chronic thromboembolic disease: Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings (1994)
    Springer
    CardioVascular & interventional radiology 17 (1994), S. 185-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-086X
    Schlagwort(e): Arteries, pulmonary ; Neoplasms ; Sarcoma ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Embolism, chronic pulmonary
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Purpose The diagnosis of the rare primary malignant tumors of the pulmonary arteries is often delayed as symptoms are nonspecific. Methods Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of three patients with occlusion of the right pulmonary artery, two with sarcoma and one with chronic thromboembolic disease were analyzed for discriminating diagnostic criteria. Results Criteria suggesting pulmonary artery sarcoma are inhomogeneous high or low attenuation (hemorrhage, necrosis), soft-tissue density in pulmonary arteries, vascular distension, enhancement after administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine. Criteria for chronic thromboembolic disease are homogeneous soft-tissue lesions, abrupt vascular narrowings and cutoffs, as well as regional parenchymal hyperdensities. Conclusion CT and MRI provide complementary findings suggesting advanced pulmonary artery sarcoma instead of chronic thromboembolism.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00571532
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  • 143
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Assessment of the labelling index of cohorts of the pancreatic islet cell population in phenobarbitone-treated male rats using a double immunohistochemical technique for 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine and pancreatic hormones (1994)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 69 (1994), S. 52-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Cell proliferation ; Pancreas ; 5-Bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) ; Immunohistochemistry ; Hormones ; Insulin ; Glucagon ; Somatostatin ; Phenobarbitone
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract  A previous study demonstrated that administration of phenobarbitone to male AP Wistar rats for up to 7 days caused alterations in labelling indices (LIs) in several different tissues (including a reduction of the endocrine pancreas population LI) as determined by immunohistochemical visualisation of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation into S-phase nuclei. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether treatment with phenobarbitone influenced the replicative states of specific cohorts of the islet (of Langerhans) cell population or generated a uniform depression of LI. Quantitation of the LIs of individual islet cell cohorts was achieved by utilisation of a dual immunohistochemical staining method for BrdU and islet hormones (insulin, glucagon and somatostatin) using a sequential peroxidase anti-peroxidase (PAP)/alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method employing diaminobenzidine and New Fuchsin chromogens, respectively. We observed reductions, increases and no change in LIs of insulin-, glucagon- and somatostatin-positive cells, respectively. We conclude that the decreased LI of the insulin-positive cohort was not countered entirely by the LI increase in the glucagon-positive cohort due to the larger size of the former. Furthermore, the effects of phenobarbitone treatment are not manifested generally in the islet cell population but in the insulin- and glucagon-positive cohorts only. The causation of these effects is unknown but is likely to be due to enhanced carbohydrate and hormone metabolism. We believe that the visualisation and quantitation of replicating cells in specific hormone-positive cohorts of the islet cell population provide opportunities for understanding the influence of xenobiotics and disease processes on pancreatic function.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002040050137
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  • 144
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immunohistochemical localisation of six glutathione S-transferases within the nasal cavity of the rat (1994)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 69 (1994), S. 91-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Nasal cavity ; Immunohistochemistry ; Glutathione S-transferases
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract  Many xenobiotics induce lesions within the nasal cavity of experimental animals which are site specific. This site selectivity may be due to regional deposition within the nasal cavity and/or the localisation of biotransformation enzymes. We have developed methodology which allows immunohistochemical localisation of xenobiotic biotransformation enzymes in transverse sections of the rat nasal cavity identical to those normally taken for pathological examination. We report the application of this methodology to six isoenzymes of the glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). All six isoenzymes were predominantly located within olfactory epithelium covering the ethmoturbinates (levels III and IV) and extending forwards into the dorsal meatus (level II). Squamous and transitional epithelia showed little or no staining while respiratory epithelium was weakly stained. Within the respiratory epithelium only the ciliated columnar cells and, to a lesser extent, some of the seromucous glands contained GSTs. Within olfactory epithelium the sustentacular cells, basal cells and subepithelial glands all stained positive for GSTs. The different cell types of olfactory epithelium preferentially express different GST isoenzymes: 1-1 and 2-2 were predominantly located in the subepithelial glands; 3-3, 4-4 and 8-8 in sustentacular and basal cells; 7-7 in basal cells.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002040050143
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  • 145
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Liposteroid against refractory pulmonary haemorrhage in idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 153 (1994), S. 687-690 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Schlagwort(e): Key words     Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis ; Liposteroid ; Methylprednisolone ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract      We describe two Japanese children with idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis (IPH), whose refractory haemorrhages were treated with an intravenous lipid emulsion containing dexamethasone (liposteroid). A 22-month-old boy and a 14-month-old girl have been observed with similar symptoms; periodic bouts of anaemia, reticulocytosis, diffuse infiltrates on chest X-ray and the finding of siderophages in sputum or gastric lavage fluid. The MRI of the lung was useful for the diagnosis. Methylprednisolone pulse therapy was successful in treating acute massive bleeding. Subsequent oral prednisolone could not prevent chronic recurrent haemorrhages. However, the intermittent administration of liposteroid (0.05 mg/kg/dose IV) led to a cessation of bleeding; the haemoglobin concentration rose to normal levels. This observation emphasizes the usefulness of liposteroid in the management of refractory IPH.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004310050214
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  • 146
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oculomotor abnormalities and MRI findings in idiopathic cerebellar ataxia (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 241 (1994), S. 234-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Idiopathic cerebellar ataxia ; Eye movements ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Extensive oculomotor testing and quantitative MRI evaluation was performed in seven patients with idiopathic cerebellar ataxia without extracerebellar symptoms (IDCA-C) and in ten patients with additional extracerebellar symptoms (IDCA-P). The most severe oculomotor deficits were disturbed smooth pursuit, optokinetic nystagmus and suppression of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). The symptoms correlated well and consistently with the amount of atrophy of the flocculus and the dorsal vermis. These correlations, however, were not specific, and deficits also correlated with the amount of atrophy of other cerebellar structures. No correlation was found between saccade velocity and brain-stem atrophy or between saccade metrics and atrophy of the dorsal vermis. Although patients with IDCA-P had more severe oculomotor deficits than patients with IDCA-C, the pattern of the oculomotor disturbances was the same for both groups. Thus, eye movement analysis alone is not sufficient to distinguish between patients with pure cerebellar ataxia and those with additional extracerebellar symptoms.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00863774
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  • 147
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Reduced cerebellar blood flow and oxygen metabolism in spinocerebellar degeneration: a combined PET and MRI study (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 241 (1994), S. 295-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Olivopontocerebellar atrophy ; Late cerebellar cortical atrophy ; Positron emission tomography ; Cerebellar metabolism ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Fourteen patients with spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD) were subjected to MRI and PET studies. The quantitative MRI data revealed significant cerebellar and pontine atrophy in the patients with olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA), and cerebellar atrophy in the patients with late cerebellar cortical atrophy (LCCA). We failed to demonstrate significant differences in the pons between LCCA patients and normal controls. PET measurements revealed decreases in cerebral oxygen metabolic rate (CMRO2) in the cerebellar hemisphere and vermis in both groups of patients. The markedly decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF) and CMRO2 in the pons were found only in the patients with OPCA. PET data corrected for the tissue shrinkage on the basis of MRI morphometry indicated a net reduction in cerebellar CMRO2 and CBE The present study has demonstrated that a combination of functional and anatomical data offers further evidence in favour of the current acceptable classification of SCD based on clinicopathological grounds. Our data further suggest that the amount of atrophy in the cerebellum could not fully account for the decreased metabolic rates observed in PET studies.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00868436
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  • 148
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Magnetic resonance imaging of skeletal muscles in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies of adults (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 241 (1994), S. 306-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Myositis ; Skeletal muscles ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Creatine kinase ; Electromyography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The purpose of the study was to describe typical MRI findings in various types of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies in adulthood and to correlate the MRI with histopathological and electromyographic findings, and the serum creatine kinase (CK) activity. A third goal was to assess the diagnostic value of the use of gadolinium-DTPA (Gd-DTPA). Fifty-eight patients (35 women, 23 men), aged 21–83 years (median age 59 years), suffering from idiopathic myositides (13 with acute and 45 chronic diseases; 25 with polymyositis, 14 with dermatomyositis, 8 with granulomatous and 11 with inclusion body myositides) were examined with MRI. Seventeen of them received an intravenous infusion of Gd-DTPA. Histopathological and MRI findings of 21 muscles of 18 patients were compared. MRI of skeletal muscles showed abnormal signal intensities in 56 (96.6%) of the 58 patients. MRI abnormalities were found more often than elevated CK activity (P 〈 0.001). The hyperintensity of T2-weighted images was more conspicuous than on T1-weighted images in 26 (44.8%) patients, indicating oedema-like abnormalities. MRI of 50 (86.2%) patients showed fat replacement. In acute myositides, oedema-like abnormalities were more often visible and in muscle lipomatosis less often visible than in chronic diseases (P 〈 0.05 each). In dermatomyositis oedema-like abnormalities were more and lipomatosis less frequent than in the other types of myositis (P 〈 0.005) and correlated with the acuteness of the disease. In 3 of 17 patients in whom contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images were obtained in addition to plain T1- and T2-weighted images, T2-weighted images were more sensitive in the detection of oedema-like abnormalities than the contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images. In no patient was the opposite true. Thus, contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images did not provide more information than T2-weighted images. Nine patients with poly-, dermato- and inclusion body myositis showed clearly asymmetrical findings. Imaging of the thighs and legs was of similar sensitivity. The different types of myositides showed typical but not specific distributions of the mesenchymal abnormalities in MRI. The findings indicate that MRI of skeletal muscles in myositides can visualize the presence and distribution of oedema-like abnormalities and intramuscular lipomatosis and is suitable for the assessment of the chronicity and severity of the disease.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00868438
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  • 149
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    MRI demonstration and CT correlation of the brain in patients with idiopathic intracerebral calcification (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 241 (1994), S. 381-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography ; Fahr's syndrome ; Intracerebral calcification
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Twenty-two patients aged 36–63 years were diagnosed as having Fahr's syndrome on the basis of the presence on CT of unexpected extensive calcification of the basal ganglia. Even when associated with calcification of other brain areas, the main diagnostic criterion remained basal ganglia calcification larger than 800 mm2. Normal values of parathormone, serum calcium and phosphorus excluded hypercalcaemia and hypoparathyroidism. Mitochondrial CNS disease was excluded clinically. MRI and repeated CT and neurological examination were performed in all of the patients. The patients were divided into two groups: neurologically asymptomatic (group 1) and neurologically symptomatic (group 2). T2-weighted sequences demonstrated hyperintense areas in all of the patients involving the white and the grey matter of the brain. In group 1 the hyperintense lesions were significantly smaller than in group 2. The neurological symptoms correlated better with the hyperintensities on T2-weighted MR images than with the calcification demonstrated on CT. Hyperintensities in T2-weighted MRI and the areas shown by CT to have calcification had different locations. In 15 patients with dementia, the white matter of the entire centrum semiovale was bilaterally hyperintense. In another 3 patients with hemiparesis, hyperintense areas in the internal capsule, contralateral to the side of hemiparesis, were demonstrated in the T2-weighted sequence. The hyperintense T2 signals may reflect a slowly progressive, metabolic or inflammatory process in the brain which subsequently calcifies and are probably responsible for the neurological deficit observed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02033355
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  • 150
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Optic neuritis: findings on MRI, CSF examination and HLA class II typing in 60 patients and results of a short-term follow-up (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 241 (1994), S. 391-397 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Optic neuritis ; Multiple sclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Cerebrospinal fluid ; Immunoglobulin G
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Optic neuritis (ON) is a common first manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS), and examination of patients with ON provides opportunities to study the early clinical stages of MS. This prospective study compares results of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examinations and HLA-Dw2 phenotyping in 60 consecutive patients with ON. At a median of 17 days after the onset of ON, 69% had oligoclonal IgG bands, and at a median on 79 days after onset, 53% had multiple (≥ 3) white matter lesions on MRI. Subgroup analyses revealed that MRI abnormalities and oligoclonal IgG bands were equally common in patients examined early or late after the onset of ON. Strong correlations were found between the presence of MRI abnormalities and oligoclonal IgG bands. The HLA-Dw2 phenotype was significantly increased in ON patients compared with controls, but also significantly different from a group of MS patients from the same geographical area. A significant relation was found between Dw2 phenotype and oligoclonal IgG bands. During a mean follow-up time of about 2 years, the diagnosis in 17 of the patients changed to clinically definite MS. Initially, 16 of them had oligoclonal IgG bands and 12 had three or more MRI lesions. Both MRI and CSF studies are important diagnostic tools in the work-up of ON patients.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02033357
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  • 151
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Prosopagnosia without topographagnosia and object agnosia associated with a lesion confined to the right occipitotemporal region (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 241 (1994), S. 470-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Prosopagnosia ; Visual memory ; Right occipitotemporal lesion ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Positron emission tomography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract A patient is presented who developed prosopagnosia with a recent occipitotemporal infarct in the distribution of the right posterior cerebral artery. H ve topographical agnosia or object agnosia. He regained the ability to recognize faces of familiar persons, whereas he remained unable to identify faces of persons whom he met after the of persons whom he met after the disease onset. This case demonstrate that prosopagnosia may occur as a deficit of matching a perceived face to a memory store of the face, and that the failure to recognize unfamiliar faces may be due to the inability to form memory stores of new faces. These deficits can occur in association with a lesion confined to the right occipitotemporal region.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00919707
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  • 152
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The value of magnetic resonance imaging in carpal tunnel syndrome (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 242 (1994), S. 41-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Carpal tunnel syndrome ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Therapy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We examined 62 patients (72 hands) with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the carpal tunnel and latency measurements of the median nerve. In 32 of 72 hands a probable causative lesion of the CTS was identified by MRI, for example tenosynovitis, a cyst-like structure, or an aberrant muscle. The MRI findings were confirmed by surgery in 16 of 24 hands, slightly corrected in 5, and not substantiated in 3. In 65 of 72 hands, MRI disclosed pathology of the median nerve, most prominently an enlargement of the nerve at the level of the os pisiforme, a finding not seen during surgery. Oedema of the nerve was found in 14 of 72 hands. The distal latencies were prolonged in 62 of 72 hands. The sensory latencies correlated significantly with the MRI-determined cross-sectional area of the nerve at the level of the distal radius. The lack of other correlations suggests that partly independent features of the nerve lesion are demonstrated in each method or that the sensitivity and specificity of both methods are limited. Further experience with MRI in CTS is desirable. At present, the practical use of MRI in CTS should be restricted to special diagnostic problems such as carpal tunnel syndromes which do not respond adequately to conservative or surgical treatment.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00920573
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  • 153
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immunohistochemical detection of estrogen and progesterone receptors in endometriotic tissue (1994)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 255 (1994), S. 181-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Schlagwort(e): Endometriosis ; Estrogen- and progesterone receptors ; Immunohistochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract 30 formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded and 20 fresh frozen samples of endometriotic tissue were analysed immunohistochemically for the concentration of estrogen and progesterone receptors. In the formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded group only 37% of the samples were estrogen receptor positive whereas 63% were receptor negative. In contrast, we found that 67% of the samples had a positive progesterone receptor status. In the fresh frozen group 60% of endometriotic tissues were estrogen receptor positive and 75% of the tissues had a positive progesterone receptor status. We could not find any correlation between the site or severity of the endometriosis or the hormonal receptor status. We were able to demonstrate that the immunohistochemical detection of hormonal receptors in endometriotic tissues is possible and that better results were obtained if fresh frozen rather than formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded tissues were analyzed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02335083
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  • 154
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immunohistochemical localization of filaggrin in benign, premalignant and malignant cervical tissue (1994)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 255 (1994), S. 73-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Schlagwort(e): Filaggrin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Squamous differentiation ; Uterine Cervix
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Epithelial distribution of filaggrin, a histidine-rich protein related to squamous terminal differentiation, was investigated in 87 cervical biopsies using an avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique with a monoclonal anti-human filaggrin antibody (AKH1). Normal squamous cervical epithelium exhibited a positive homogeneous immunoperoxidase stain in the upper parabasal, intermediate and superficial cell layers. Similar findings were obtained in cervical condylomas, although full-thickness staining was observed in 35.7% of the cases (P〈0.001). Filaggrin expression in CIN was inversely related to the severity of the lesion (P〈0.001). An irregular staining pattern was present in most high-grade CIN. Filaggrin expression was closely connected to the degree of tumour differentiation (P〈0.05) in squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix. Abnormal filaggrin stainings identified a premalignant/malignant cervical squamous lesion with a positive predictive value of 92.3%. Non-squamous epithelia showed lack of filaggrin expression. Filaggrin may therefore be considered a marker of squamous differentiation in both the normal and pathological human uterine cervix.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02391801
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  • 155
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immunohistochemical characterization of undifferentiated carcinomas of the ovary (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 120 (1994), S. 672-677 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Schlagwort(e): Ovary ; Undifferentiated carcinoma ; Immunohistochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Immunohistochemical characteristics of undifferentiated carcinomas of the ovary were examined using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues with an avidinbiotin staining approach. Eight cases were collected from the pathology files of our Institute from a total of 214 recorded malignant ovarian tumors. For immunostaining, antibodies reacting with epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), pankeratin, vimentin, CA 125, CA 19-9, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), α-fetoprotein (AFP), α-l-antitrypsin (AT), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), c-erbB-2,bcl-2 and p53 proteins were used. All the cases examined were positive for EMA and pankeratin, specific markers for epithelial tumors, negative for the non-epithelial tumor marker, vimentin, and also positive for EGFR. Interestingly, only one case was positive for CA 125, despite it being one of the commonest reported indicators of ovarian cancer. CA 19-9 was positive in 7 cases, CEA in 5, AFP in 2, AT in 6 and c-erbB-2 protein in 4. Two cases were positive for p53 protein, and in 1 of these positive staining forbcl-2 was also observed. These results indicate that the epithelial nature is well preserved in undifferentiated ovarian carcinomas, although consistently positive reactions were not observed within the cases for some antigens. They further celarly show that a negative signal for CA 125 can not be considered to exclude the possibility of a primary ovarian tumor.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01245380
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  • 156
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Solitary muscular sarcoidosis: CT, MRI, and scintigraphic characteristics (1994)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 23 (1994), S. 293-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Schlagwort(e): Sarcoidosis ; Mnscle ; Scintigraphy ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Scintigraphy using gallium-67 (67Ga) citrate and penvaralent technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid {[99mTc(V)]DMSA} and other radiological examinations were performed in three patients with solitary muscular sarcoidosis who had tumor-like muscular lesions. Although distinction from other invasive soft tissue tumors was difficult using plain and enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, marked uptake of67Ga and moderate uptake of [99mTc(V)]DMSA were shown at the sites of granulomatous inflammatory lesions of sarcoidosis. Both67Ga and [99mTc(V)]DMSA scintigraphy could be of value in the diagnosis and detection of distribution of granulomas of sarcoidosis in the soft tissue and in determining the appropriate region for biopsy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02412364
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  • 157
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    MR imaging of benign fatty tumors in children: report of four cases and review of the literature (1994)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 23 (1994), S. 361-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Schlagwort(e): Magnetic resonance imaging ; Fatty tumors ; Childhood
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract This study correlates the magnetic resonance imaging characteristics with the pathologic findings in rare benign fatty soft tissue tumors in four children. A review of the literature is presented. Two cases of infiltrating lipoma displayed bright signal on both T1- and T2-weighted images, similar to that observed in subcutaneous fat. Histological study revealed extensive muscle infiltration by mature fat, with some areas of total fatty replacement. The case of facial lipomatosis revealed an extensive process of fatty invasion of adjacent soft tissue and osseous deformity by mass effect of the tumor. This lesion was bright on T1- and T2-weighted images. Histopathologic examination showed widespread invasion of squamous mucosa and skeletal muscle. The single case of lipoblastoma involved the presacral region and right buttock. This lesion, although bright on both T1 and T2 weighting, was relatively hypointense to subcutaneous fat on T1. Microscopic examination revealed a well-encapsulated fatty mass made up of cells ranging from lipoblasts to mature lipocytes. In childhood, when fatty lesions are almost always benign, a morphologic characterization by magnetic resonance may be sufficient basis on which to make critical therapeutic judgements.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02416994
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  • 158
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Magnetic resonance imaging of hemochromatosis arthropathy (1994)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 23 (1994), S. 547-549 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Schlagwort(e): Hemochromatosis ; Knee arthropathy ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Plain film radiography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract This study was undertaken to compare plain film radiography and magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of hemochromatosis arthropathy of the knees of ten patients with a biopsy-proven diagnosis. Both modalities enabled visualisation of bony degenerative changes; magnetic resonance imaging enabled additional visualization of deformity of both cartilage and menisci. Magnetic resonance imaging failed reliably to confirm the presence of intra-articular iron in the patients studied. No correlation was observed between synovial fluid magnetic resonance signal values, corresponding serum ferritin levels, or the severity of the observed degenerative changes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223088
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  • 159
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Magnetic resonance guided radiosurgery in children: tridimensional extrapolation from isodose neuroimaging superimposition (1994)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 10 (1994), S. 115-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Schlagwort(e): Radiosurgery ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Isodose distribution ; Computerized systems
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract In stereotactic radiosurgery, thin external beams of ionizing radiation concentrated in a single dose onto a sharply defined target are employed to treat lesions within the brain, avoiding doses which may produce unwanted damage to the surrounding healthy tissue. The dynamic irradiation technique used with the linear accelerator employs variable arcs of irradiation rotating around the isocenter of the target. The technique of stereotactic magnetic resonance (MR) guided radiosurgery is supported by a dedicated computerized system for treatment planning simulation. The system, based on a personal computer, allows the acquisition, reconstruction, and visualization of the target volume from MR images, and permits calculation and visualization of a threedimensional dose distribution directly superimposed upon MR images of the lesion. The desired goal of destroying neoplastic tissue without damaging cerebral parenchyma is of particular importance in children. Consequently, adapting the three-dimensional isodose profiles to the morphology of the lesion to be treated is crucial. From this, the importance of the computer simulation is evident, as it permits one to go deeply into the study of isodose distribution, changing beam collimation, and the number and amplitude of arcs of irradiation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00302775
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  • 160
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Transient mutism after posterior fossa surgery (1994)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 10 (1994), S. 275-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Schlagwort(e): Mutism ; Posterior fossa ; Children ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract An 8-year-old girl developed mutism after removal of a vermian medulloblastoma. The mutism was not accompanied by long tract signs or cranial nerve palsy. The girl started to regain her speech 2 weeks postoperatively, showing marked improvement 2 months after the operation, after passing through a dysarthric phase. Magnetic resonance imaging showed only normal postoperative changes without abnormalities of dentate nuclei or supranuclear region. Nineteen similar cases of transient mutism following cerebellar operations have been reported in the literature, most of them with a delayed postoperative onset. In all patients the recovery of speech started to appear 4 days to 4 months postoperatively, and all patients passed through a monotonous, dysarthric phase. The absence of long tract or other brain stem signs, together with the presence of dysarthria during the recovery of speech, suggested a cerebellar cause of the transient mutism. Various hypotheses advanced to explain the pathogenesis of this speech disorder are analyzed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301168
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  • 161
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Clinical, radiological and histological findings in desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma (1994)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 10 (1994), S. 458-463 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Schlagwort(e): Desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Immunocytochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The clinical course and radiological and histological findings in a 30-month-old boy suffering from desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma are reported. The child's development was normal until a series of complex partial seizures occurred at the age of 7 months. Cranial computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cystic mass with intensive ring-shaped contrast enhancement in the right temporal fossa without shift of intracranial structures. Histologically, the firm, grayish tumor showed an enormous amount of connective tissue, cystic areas, and some mitoses. Glial and neuronal cell lines were identified by immunocytochemical methods. Eighteen months after surgery the boy had developed well without any neurological dysfunction; no radiation or chemotherapy was given. For the first time a synopsis of radiological findings in this rare brain tumor is correlated with the results of multiple histological and immunocytochemical studies. Despite some malignant characteristics, the prognosis of this dysontogenetic brain tumor is good.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303613
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  • 162
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Early diagnosis of optic glioma in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (1994)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 10 (1994), S. 426-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Schlagwort(e): Neurofibromatosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Optic glioma ; Visual function ; Visual evoked potentials
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Twenty-five asymptomatic patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF 1), aged 6–21 years, underwent the following examinations: intracranial magnetic resonance testing (MRI), visual acuity testing, ophthalmoscopy, and visual field and pattern reversal visual evoked potentials (VEPs). MRI showed enlargement of one or both optic nerves in six children, with bilateral involvement in three. VEPs were normal in all these patients; two of them had abnormalities on other visual examinations, although there were no subjective visual disturbances. These results show that VEPs cannot be considered as a screening test for optic pathway lesions in children with NF 1, as previously stated, and that other types of visual function examination may be more sensitive. These data may contribute to the establishment of more precise guidelines for the evaluation and treatment of children with NF 1.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303606
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  • 163
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diagnosis of partial and complete rotator cuff tears using combined gradient echo and spin echo imaging (1994)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 23 (1994), S. 541-546 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Schlagwort(e): Rotator cuff ; Shoulder ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Partial tear ; Gradient echo
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Most magnetic resonance (MR) studies evaluating the rotator cuff for tears have used T2-weighted imaging in the coronal oblique and sagittal oblique planes, T2*-weighted gradient echo imaging, however, has advantages over spin echo imaging, including contiguous slices without cross-talk, high contrast around the cuff, and intrinsically shorter imaging times which can be used to increase the number of signals averaged and thus improve the signal-to-noise ratio. We reviewed the shoulder MR scans of 87 consecutive patients who underwent both a MR scan and a shoulder arthroscopy during which the size of tears, if present, was graded. The reviewers were blinded as to the history and arthroscopic results. The MR scans included oblique coronal T2*-weighted gradient echo and oblique sagittal T2-weighted spin echo images. MR cuff grades were correlated with arthroscopic findings. For complete tears, the sensitivity of MR was 0.91 and the specificity 0.95. For partial tears, the sensitivity was 0.74 and the specificity 0.87. This accuracy is similar to two-plane T2-weighted imaging as previously reported in the literature. There was a statistically significant correlation (p 〈 0.0005) between the cuff grade as determined by MR and the arthroscopic findings.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223087
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  • 164
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Magnetic resonance imaging of occult fractures of the proximal femur (1994)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 23 (1994), S. 19-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Schlagwort(e): Magnetic resonance imaging ; Fracture ; Occult fracture ; Femur ; Osteoporosis ; Osteopenia ; Radionuclide bone scanning ; Bone scintigraphy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The evaluation of the painful hip in the elderly osteoporotic patient with normal plain radiographs can be difficult. We studied 15 osteopenic patients with normal plain radiographs and suspected hip fractures with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and found MR to be an excellent aid in detecting occult fractures. A clear fracture was seen in 10 of the 15 patients, who then underwent surgical repair based on the MR study. The remaining patients had no MR-demonstrable fracture and were successfully treated nonoperatively. Some believe that a negative bone scan in this population of patients should be repeated within 3 days prior to a definitive “no fracture” decision being made. Unfortunately, bone scanning lacks spatial resolution, and increased osteoblastic activity may be caused by other pathologic processes besides fracture. Two of the 15 patients had MR-demonstrated bone infarcts near the fracture. One patient also had femoral head osteonecrosis on the side of the fracture. One patient with metastatic prostatic carcinoma had a hip fracture and one patient with metastatic breast carcinoma had no fracture. Not only is MR imaging an excellent technique for delineating occult fractures, but due to its spatial resolution, associated bone disorders adjacent to fractures can be detected in most instances. From a cost perspective, rapid diagnosis and early treatment of an occult femoral fracture is advisable. A reduced hospital stay pending diagnosis and the early institution of definitive therapy also decrease the chance that a simple non-displaced fracture will displace and require more complex management with resultant increased morbidity and cost. We propose that, especially in elderly, osteopenic patients with normal plain radiographs and a high index of suspicion for hip fracture, MR can serve as the sole additional imaging study in most instances.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203696
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  • 165
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fluid-fluid levels in cavernous hemangioma of soft tissue (1994)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 23 (1994), S. 107-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Schlagwort(e): Soft tissue tumors ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Hemangioma ; Fluid-fluid levels
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Five cases of cavernous hemangioma with fluid-fluid levels on magnetic resonance imaging and/or computed tomography are reported. The signal characteristics were those of blood and histological analysis of the fluid-fluid levels showed that they were blood-filled cavities in the tumor. Although this finding itself is not specific, it may help in confirming the diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00563202
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  • 166
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Value of the coronal plane in MRI of internal derangement of the knee (1994)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 23 (1994), S. 211-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Schlagwort(e): Knee joint ; Menisci, tibial ; Ligaments, articular ; Anterior cruciate ligament ; Joint instability ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Sagittal ; Coronal
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Sagittal images usually receive the most scrutiny in the magnetic resonance evaluation of meniscal and anterior cruciate ligament tears. We assessed the relative contribution of the coronal view. All knee magnetic resonance examinations performed over a 2-year period that had surgical confirmation were reviewed with respect to the presence of meniscal and anterior cruciate ligament tears. The appearance of an attenuated but uninterrupted anterior cruciate ligament was also evaluated. The coronal and sagittal plane images were evaluated separately. The study included 68 medial menisci, 67 lateral menisci, and 71 anterior cruciate ligaments. The coronal view is especially useful in the evaluation of the lateral meniscus. An anterior cruciate ligament that appears attennated but uninterrupted should be considered intact. The anterior cruciate ligament may be evaluated on the coronal view. The coronal view should be regarded as similar to the lateral chest radiograph, which supplements, but does not replace, the frontal chest radiograph.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00197464
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  • 167
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nerve supply of anterior cruciate ligaments and of cryopreserved anterior cruciate ligament allografts: a new method for the differentiation of the nervous tissues (1994)
    Springer
    Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy 2 (1994), S. 118-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-7347
    Schlagwort(e): Anterior cruciate ligament ; Allograft transplantation ; Nerve supply ; Immunohistochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Sportwissenschaft
    Notizen: Abstract We investigated the nerve supply of anterior cruciate ligaments ((ACLs) and of cryopreserved bone-ACL-bone allografts in a rabbit model with immunohistochemical methods to establish the distribution pattern of the nervous tissues and to determine the reinnervation rate of ACL allografts. The ACL is innervated by three different classes of nerve fibre: (1) fibres of large diameter, characterized by neurofilament immunoreactivity, which are fast-conducting mechanoreceptive sensory afferents; (2) fibres of small diameter, characterized by substance Pimmunoreactivity, which are slow-conducting nociceptive sensory afferents; and (3) sympathetic efferent vasomotor fibres, characterized by their immunoreactivity to the ratelimiting enzyme of noradrenaline synthesis, tyrosine hydroxylase. The ACLs showed numerous fibres of all three nerve classes; as specialised sensory nerve endings only Ruffini corpuscles were observed. All nerve fibres were located subsynovially, none within the collagen core of the ligament itself. No nerve fibres were detected in the ACL allografts at 3 and 6 weeks. Sparse fibres were detected at 12 weeks, while the 24-, 36-and 52-week specimens showed plenty of all three fibre types. No mechanoreceptors were found in the ACL allografts. To our knowledge, this method for the first time allows a differentiation of the nerve fibres of ACLs and ACL allografts into three different nerve fibre classes with known neurophysiological functions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01476484
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  • 168
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Occult posttraumatic bone injury (1994)
    Springer
    Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy 2 (1994), S. 147-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-7347
    Schlagwort(e): Occult bone injury ; Knee injury ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Sportwissenschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Knee injury evaluation with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has enabled a high percentage of associated diagnoses of occult bone injuries. An experimental occult bone injury was produced in the rabbit knee with a controlled impact in the range of approximately half the fracture force. An MR image of the occult bone imjury was obtained after killing the animals at 1, 3 and 9 weeks after impact. Histological study of the area under optical microscopy showed a benign, self-resolving injury paltern in the subchondral cancellous bone. The samples were compared with 11 human biopsy samples obtained during knee surgery. The same benign pattern was observed except for one case. The healing response of this injury at the subfracture level appears rather benign, and a permanent scar will probably not develop.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01467916
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  • 169
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Sensitivities and predictive values of paraclinical tests for diagnosing multiple sclerosis (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 241 (1994), S. 132-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Multiple sclerosis ; Evoked potentials ; Cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal banding ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The sensitivities and predictive values of visual, somatosensory, and brain auditory evoked potentials (EPs), cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal banding (CSF-OB) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were evaluated for the early diagnosis of clinically definite multiple sclerosis (CDMS). Paraclinical evidence of asymptomatic lesions allows a diagnosis of CDMS. Eighty-two patients in whom MS was suspected but diagnosis of CDMS was not possible entered the study prospectively. Paraclinical examinations were performed at entry. Patients were examined and underwent EPs every 6 months, and MRI yearly. After a mean follow-up of 2.9 years, 28 patients (34%) had developed CDMS (McDonald-Halliday criteria). The initial MRI was strongly suggestive of MS in 19 of these (68%), while 27 (96%) had at least one MS-like abnormality in the initial MRI. CSF-OB and EPs had lower sensitivities. CDMS developed during follow-up in 19 of the 36 patients (53%) who had an initial MRI strongly suggestive of MS but in only 1 of the 25 who had normal MRI when first studied. These results support previous conclusions that MRI is the most sensitive test for detecting white matter asymptomatic lesions, and the most predictive for the diagnosis of CDMS.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00868339
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  • 170
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Magnetic resonance imaging and brain-stem auditory evoked potentials in neuro-Behcet's disease (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 241 (1994), S. 481-486 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Neuro-Behcet's disease ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Brain-stem auditory evoked potentials
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We studied central nervous system lesions in patients with neuro-Behcet's disease using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and recording of brain-stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs). MRI revealed abnormal findings in seven of eight patients. MRI studies demonstrated extensive regions with high intensity signal in the brain stem and/or basal ganglia on T2-weighted images obtained during the acute stage of the disease in three patients. One of these patients had a strongly gadolinum-enhanced round lesion in the lower pons. In four of the other five patients with chronic disease, brain-stem atrophy was observed on T1-weighted images. Atrophic changes were more severe in the brain stem than in the cerebellum. Abnormal BAEPs were observed in three patients and consisted of prolongation of interpeak latency of waves III-V and defects of wave III or V. Abnormal BAEPs were recorded in patients with severe inflammatory changes or progression of atrophic changes in the brain stem. Our findings show that MRI and BAEPs are useful in detecting the presence and assessing the degree of neurological involvement in patients with neuro-Behcet's disease.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00919709
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  • 171
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Modelling the constancy of X (1994)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 216 (1994), S. 153-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Molecular Hydrogen ; Cloud Models
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Observations of the CO J=1-0 line are commonly used as a tracer for molecular material in clouds. The ratio of the H2 column density to the integrated intensity of this line,X, is often taken to be constant, despite theoretical and observational uncertainty. We have tried to identify how this ratio depends on cloud parameters, testing a simple theoretical argument suggesting its invariance with respect to density. The apparent constancy can be understood if clouds are clumpy on scales of Av ≈ 1-2 mag.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00982486
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  • 172
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The distribution of NADPH diaphorase activity and immunoreactivity to nitric oxide synthase in the nervous system of the pulmonate mollusc Helix aspersa (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 277 (1994), S. 565-572 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: NADPH diaphorase ; Nitric oxide synthase ; Nervous system ; central ; Nervous system ; peripheral ; Immunohistochemistry ; Helix aspersa (Mollusca)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Enzyme histochemistry and immunocytochemistry were used to determine the distribution of neurons in the snail Helix aspersa which exhibited nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) diaphorase activity and/or immunoreactivity to nitric oxide synthase (NOS). NADPH diaphorase-positive cells and fibres were distributed extensively throughout the central and peripheral nervous system. NADPH diaphorase-positive fibres were present in all neuropil regions of the central and peripheral ganglia, in the major interganglionic connectives and in peripheral nerve roots. NADPH diaphorase-positive cell bodies were found consistently in the eyes, the lips, the tentacular ganglia and the procerebral lobes of the cerebral ganglia; staining of cell bodies elsewhere in the nervous system was capricious. The distribution of NOS-like immunoreactivity differed markedly from that of NADPH diaphorase activity. Small clusters of cells which exhibited NOS-like immunoreactivity were present in the cerebral and pedal ganglia; fibres which exhibited NOS-like immunoreactivity were present in restricted regions of the neuropil of the central ganglia. The disjunct distributions of NADPH diaphorase activity and NOS-like immunoreactivity in the nervous system of Helix suggest that the properties of neuronal NOS in molluscs may differ sigificantly from those described previously for vertebrate animals.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300230
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  • 173
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Localization of mammary-derived growth inhibitor in capillary endothelial cells of the bovine mammary gland (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 277 (1994), S. 457-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Mammary-derived growth inhibitor ; Fatty acid-binding proteins ; Differentiation ; Vascularization ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunocytochemistry ; Mammary gland ; Cow
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Mammary-derived growth inhibitor (MDGI) has previously been localized in the mammary parencyma, dependent on the stage of differentiation of the mammary gland. Here, we have elucidated the distribution of MDGI in the mammary stroma by a combined immunohisto-and cytochemical analysis with antibodies raised against MDGI. Distinct staining of capillary endothelial cells has been revealed. Although its subcellular distribution resembles former observations in secretory epithelial cells, the expression of MDGI in capillary endothelial cells clearly precedes that in secretory epithelial cells. On the other hand, no endothelial MDGI staining has been detected in bovine heart, which contains a fatty acid-binding protein almost identical to MDGI. The localization of MDGI in the mammary capillary endothelium is discussed in terms of its possible involvement in the intracellular transport of hydrophobic ligands or in the regulation of endothelial cell proliferation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300218
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  • 174
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immunohistochemical localization of chromogranin A and B in the endocrine cells of the alimentary tract of the green frog, Rana esculenta (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 277 (1994), S. 341-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Chromogranins ; Serotonin ; Amylin ; Regulatory peptides ; Gut ; Monoclonal antibodies ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rana esculenta (Anura)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Novel monoclonal antibodies to human chromogranin A (CgA) and chromogranin B (CgB) were used to investigate the presence of immunoreactive (-IR) elements in the alimentary tract of the green frog Rana esculenta. Numerous CgA-IR and a few CgB-IR endocrine cells were found within the gut mucosa, from the oesophagus to the cloaca, with some local differences in density. Co-localization studies demonstrated that they were co-stored in almost all the serotonin-IR, the amylin-IR or islet amyloid polypeptide-IR cells and in the peptide tyrosine tyrosine-IR cells located proximal to the pylorus, but not in those located in more caudal tracts. No other co-localization was demonstrated; substances investigated included somatostatin, substance P, gastrin/cholecystokinin, glucagon, glycentin, bombesin, secretin and neurotensin. CgA-IR and CgB-IR cells nearly always displayed argyrophilia with the Grimelius silver method
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050161
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  • 175
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immunohistochemical localization of chromogranin A and B in the endocrine cells of the alimentary tract of the green frog, Rana esculenta (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 277 (1994), S. 341-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Chromogranins ; Serotonin ; Amylin ; Regulatory peptides ; Gut ; Monoclonal antibodies ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rana esculenta (Anura)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Novel monoclonal antibodies to human chromogranin A (CgA) and chromogranin B (CgB) were used to investigate the presence of immunoreactive (-IR) elements in the alimentary tract of the green frog Rana esculenta. Numerous CgA-IR and a few CgB-IR endocrine cells were found within the gut mucosa, from the oesophagus to the cloaca, with some local differences in density. Co-localization studies demonstrated that they were costored in almost all the serotonin-IR, the amylin-IR or islet amyloid polypeptide-IR cells and in the peptide tyrosine tyrosine-IR cells located proximal to the pylorus, but not in those located in more caudal tracts. No other co-localization was demonstrated; substances investigated included somatostatin, substance P, gastrin/cholecystokin, glucagon, glycentin, bombesin, secretin and neurotensin. CgA-IR and CgB-IR cells nearly always displayed argyrophilia with the Grimelius silver method
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00327782
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  • 176
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immunoreactivity of the corpuscles of Stannius of the garpike, Lepisosteus osseus, to antisera against salmon and trout stanniocalcins (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 277 (1994), S. 511-518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Corpuscles of Stannius ; Stanniocalcin ; Immunocytochemistry ; Immunohistochemistry ; Western blot ; Lepisosteus osseus (Holostei)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Stanniocalcin-immunoreactive cells were localized in the corpuscles of Stannius of a holostean fish, the garpike (Lepisosteus osseus), using antisera against salmon and trout stanniocalcins and the peroxidase-antiperoxidase and protein A-gold immunohistochemical methods. The stanniocalcin-immunoreactive cells were periodic acid-Schiff-positive, and antibody staining was abolished if the antiserum was preabsorbed with corpuscle homogenate. Immunocytochemistry revealed two reactive cell types in the glandular parenchyma, and immunoreactivity was confined to the secretory granules. Staining of the granules was also abolished when the antisera were blocked with crude corpuscle homogenate. When corpuscle extracts from garpike were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot analysis, a single dense band was evident with a molecular weight of ∼68 kDa under non-reducing conditions, whereas three bands were observed (∼29, ∼31, and ∼34 kDa) under reducing conditions. Staining of all bands disappeared following preabsorption of the antiserum with salmon stanniocalcin, trout stanniocalcin, or garpike corpuscle extract. The results are compared with stanniocalcins from another extant holostean, the bowfin (Amia calva), and from more modern bony fishes, the teleosts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300224
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  • 177
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immunoreactivity of the corpuscles of Stannius of the garpike, Lepisosteus osseus, to antisera against salmon and trout stanniocalcins (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 277 (1994), S. 511-518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Corpuscles of Stannius ; Stanniocalcin ; Immunocytochemistry ; Immunohistochemistry ; Western blot ; Lepisosteus osseus (Holostei)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Stanniocalcin-immunoreactive cells were localized in the corpuscles of Stannius of a holostean fish, the garpike (Lepisosteus osseus), using antisera against salmon and trout stanniocalcins and the peroxidase-antiperoxidase and protein A-gold immunohistochemical methods. The stanniocalcin-immunoreactive cells were periodic acid-Schiff-positive, and antibody staining was abolished if the antiserum was preabsorbed with corpuscle homogenate. Immunocytochemistry revealed two reactive cell types in the glandular parenchyma, and immunoreactivity was confined to the secretory granules. Staining of the granules was also abolished when the antisera were blocked with crude corpuscle homogenate. When corpuscle extracts from garpike were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot analysis, a single dense band was evident with a molecular weight of ∼68 kDa under non-reducing conditions, whereas three bands were observed (∼29, ∼31, and ∼34 kDa) under reducing conditions. Staining of all bands disappeared following preabsorption of the antiserum with salmon stanniocalcin, trout stanniocalcin, or garpike corpuscle extract. The results are compared with stanniocalcins from another extant holostean, the bowfin (Amia calva), and from more modern bony fishes, the teleosts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300224
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  • 178
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The use of constitutive nuclear oncoproteins to count neurons in the enteric nervous system of the guinea pig (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 277 (1994), S. 325-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): c-Myc ; c-Fos ; Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intestine, small ; Enteric nervous system ; Guinea pig
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Immunohistochemical double labelling of the enteric nervous system of the guinea pig ileum was performed with a monoclonal antibody (anti-MYC 033) directed against a peptide sequence of the human c-Myc protein together with antibodies directed against either the neuron-specific antigens neuron-specific enolase or PGP 9.5 or the glia-specific marker S-100 to demonstrate that anti-MYC 033 labelled the nuclei of all enteric neurons but not glia. This strategy was also employed to demonstrate that another anti-c-Myc monoclonal anti-body, anti-MYC 070, labelled the nuclei of all neurons and glia, as well as perhaps all other cells in these preparations. A polyclonal antiserum raised against a peptide sequence of the human c-Fos protein (anti-FOS 4) was shown to label the identical nuclei as anti-MYC 033. The ganglionic density of nuclei labelled by anti-FOS 4 was found to be similar to previous measures of the ganglionic density of neurons. Double labelling with anti-MYC 033 and an antiserum directed against vasoactive intestinal polypeptide was performed to reexamine the ganglionic density of neurons that express this neuropeptide. Our results suggest that the ganglionic density of these neurons might be less than previously determined.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00327780
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  • 179
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The use of constitutive nuclear oncoproteins to count neurons in the enteric nervous system of the guinea pig (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 277 (1994), S. 325-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: c-Myc ; c-Fos ; Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intestine ; small ; Enteric nervous system ; Guinea pig
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Immunohistochemical double labelling of the enteric nervous system of the guinea pig ileum was performed with a monoclonal antibody (anti-MYC 033) directed against a peptide sequence of the human c-Myc protein together with antibodies directed against either the neuron-specific antigens neuron-specific enolase or PGP 9.5 or the glia-specific marker S-100 to demonstrate that anti-MYC 033 labelled the nuclei of all enteric neurons but not glia. This strategy was also employed to demonstrate that another anti-c-Myc monoclonal antibody, anti-MYC 070, labelled the nuclei of all neurons and glia, as well as perhaps all other cells in these preparations. A polyclonal antiserum raised against a peptide sequence of the human c-Fos protein (anti-FOS 4) was shown to label the identical nuclei as anti-MYC 033. The ganglionic density of nuclei labelled by anti-FOS 4 was found to be similar to previous measures of the ganglionic density of neurons. Double labelling with anti-MYC 033 and an antiserum directed against vasoactive intestinal polypeptide was performed to reexamine the ganglionic density of neurons that express this neuropeptide. Our results suggest that the ganglionic density of these neurons might be less than previously determined.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050159
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  • 180
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immunohistochemical investigation of neuropeptides in the central nervous system of the amphioxus, Branchiostoma belcheri (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 277 (1994), S. 279-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Central nervous system ; Neuropeptides ; Immunohistochemistry ; Amphioxus, Branchiostoma belcheri (Cephalochorda)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The immunohistochemical localization of nine different neuropeptides was studied in the central nervous system of the amphioxus, Branchiostoma belcheri. In the brain, perikarya immunoreactive for urotensin I and FMRFamide were localized in the vicinity of the central canal. One of the processes of each of these perikarya was found to cross the dorso ventral slit-like lumen of the central canal. Oxytocin-immunoreactive short fibers, but not perikarya, were detected in the ventral part of the brain. Perikarya immunoreactive for arginine vasopressin/vasotocin, oxytocin and FMRFamide were widely distributed in the spinal cord. Arginine vasopressin/vasotocin-immunoreactive fibers often made contacts with Rohde cell axons. Angiotensin II-immunoreactive perikarya were observed in the posterior half of the spinal cord, and urotensin I-immunoreactive perikarya were found in the caudal region of the spinal cord. Cholecystokinin/gastrin-immunoreactive fibers, but not perikarya, were detected in the spinal cord; some extended as far as the ependymal layer of the cerebral ventricle. No colocalization of the peptides examined was observed. No immunoreactivity for atrial and brain natriuretic peptides nor for urotensin II was detected. The present study indicates that there are at least six separate neuronal systems that contain different peptides, respectively, in the central nervous system of the amphioxus. Their functions remain to be determined.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00327775
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  • 181
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nitric oxide synthase in the enteric nervous system of the guinea-pig: a quantitative description (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 277 (1994), S. 139-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): NADPH diaphorase ; Immunohistochemistry ; Gastrointestinal tract ; Nitric oxide ; Histochemistry ; Guinea-pig
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The distribution and abundance of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-containing neurons and their terminals in the gastrointestinal tract of the guinea-pig were examined in detail using NADPH diaphorase histochemistry and NOS immunohistochemistry. NOS-containing cell bodies were found in the myenteric plexus throughout the gastrointestinal tract and in the submucous plexus of the stomach, colon and rectum. NOS-containing neurons comprised between 12% (in the duodenum) and 54% (in the esophagus) of total myenteric neurons. In the ileum, NOS neurons represented 19% of total myenteric neurons. Most of the NOS neurons throughout the gastrointestinal tract possessed lamellar dendrites and a single axon. NOS-containing terminals were abundant in the circular muscle, including that of the sphincters, but were rare in the longitudinal muscle, except for the taeniae of the caecum. The muscularis mucosae of the esophagus, stomach, colon and rectum received a medium to dense innervation by NOS terminals. Within myenteric ganglia, NOS-containing terminals were extremely sparse in the esophagus, stomach and duodenum, common in the ileum and distal colon and extremely dense in the proximal colon and rectum. The submucous plexus in the ileum and large intestine contained a sparse plexus of NOS-containing terminals. NOS terminals were not observed in the mucosa of any region. We conclude that throughout the gastrointestinal tract of the guinea-pig, NOS neurons are inhibitory motor neurons to the circular muscle; in the ileum and large intestine, NOS neurons may also function as interneurons.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303090
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  • 182
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nerve fibers immunoreactive for substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide in the cervical spinal ventral roots of the mouse (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 277 (1994), S. 273-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Substance P ; Calcitonin gene ; related peptide ; Cervical spinal nerve ; Immunohistochemistry ; Primary afferents ; Mouse (ICR)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We demonstrate the existence of nerve fibers possessing substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) immunoreactivity in the mouse cervical ventral roots. The distribution of the SP and CGRP fibers was similar, but CGRP fibers were generally more numerous. Both types entered the ventral pia mater or formed hairpin loops, but they did not enter the spinal cord directly through these roots. SP and CGRP fibers in the ventral roots were thin and had many varicosities. We suggest that these SP and CGRP fibers are involved not only in a sensory mechanism, but also in other functions, via the release of SP and CGRP from varicosities in the ventral roots.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00327774
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  • 183
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A morphometric analysis of the subcellular distribution of LHβ and FSHβ in secretory granules in the pituitary gonadotrophs of the frog (Rana japonica) (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 277 (1994), S. 417-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Pituitary ; Gonadotrophs ; LHβ ; FSHβ ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rana japonica (Anura)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Immunohistochemical localization of lutropin β (LHβ) and follitropin β (FSHβ) in the pituitary gland of the frog Rana japonica was studied by the peroxidase-anti-peroxidase method and the two-face, double-labeling method with different-sized gold particles at the light- and electron-microscopic levels, respectively, using monoclonal antibodies against bullfrog LHβ and FSHβ. Light-microscopic immunohistochemistry indicated that approximately 66.0% of all the gonadotrophs in the pituitary contained both LHβ and FSHβ, whereas 33.4% of gonadotrophs contained only LHβ, and 0.6% contained only FSHβ. The staining intensity of LHβ and FSHβ varied from cell to cell. The gonadotrophs were classified into four types (Types I-IV) in terms of their ultrastructural and immunolabeling characteristics. Moreover, several secretory granule types were recognized according to differences in their shape and electron density. In all the cell types, both LHβ and FSHβ were often seen in the same secretory granules, but the proportion of granules bearing both hormones ranged from 5.5% in Type I to 32.7% in Type IV. Most secretory granules in Types I and II were immunolabeled with LHβ alone, whereas a small number of granules were immunolabeled with FSHβ alone. More immunolabeled FSHβ granules were present in Types III and IV than in Types I and II.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300214
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  • 184
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The distribution of NADPH diaphorase activity and immunoreactivity to nitric oxide synthase in the nervous system of the pulmonate mollusc Helix aspersa (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 277 (1994), S. 565-572 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): NADPH diaphorase ; Nitric oxide synthase ; Nervous system, central ; Nervous system, peripheral ; Immunohistochemistry ; Helix aspersa (Mollusca)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Enzyme histochemistry and immunocytochemistry were used to determine the distribution of neurons in the snail Helix aspersa which exhibited nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) diaphorase activity and/or immunoreactivity to nitric oxide synthase (NOS). NADPH diaphorase-positive cells and fibres were distributed extensively throughout the central and peripheral nervous system. NADPH diaphorase-positive fibres were present in all neuropil regions of the central and peripheral ganglia, in the major interganglionic connectives and in peripheral nerve roots. NADPH diaphorase-positive cell bodies were found consistently in the eyes, the lips, the tentacular ganglia and the procerebral lobes of the cerebral ganglia; staining of cell bodies elsewhere in the nervous system was capricious. The distribution of NOS-like immunoreactivity differed markedly from that of NADPH diaphorase activity. Small clusters of cells which exhibited NOS-like immunoreactivity were present in the cerebral and pedal ganglia; fibres which exhibited NOS-like immunoreactivity were present in restricted regions of the neuropil of the central ganglia. The disjunct distributions of NADPH diaphorase activity and NOS-like immunoreactivity in the neurvous system of Helix suggest that the properties of neuronal NOS in molluscs may differ sigificantly from those described previously for vertebrate animals.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300230
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  • 185
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A morphometric analysis of the subcellular distribution of LHβ and FSHβ in secretory granules in the pituitary gonadotrophs of the frog (Rana japonica) (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 277 (1994), S. 417-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Pituitary ; Gonadotrophs ; LHβ ; FSHβ ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rana japonica (Anura)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Immunohistochemical localization of lutropin β (LHβ) and follitropin β (FSHβ) in the pituitary gland of the frog Rana japonica was studied by the peroxidase-anti-peroxidase method and the two-face, double-labeling method with different-sized gold particles at the light-and electron-microscopic levels, respectively, using monoclonal antibodies against bullfrog LHβ and FSHβ. Light-microscopic immunohistochemistry indicated that approximately 66.0% of all the gonadotrophs in the pituitary contained both LHβ and FSHβ, whereas 33.4% of gonadotrophs contained only LHβ, and 0.6% contained only FSHβ. The staining intensity of LHβ and FSHβ varied from cell to cell. The gonadotrophs were classified into four types (Types I–IV) in terms of their ultrastructural and immunolabeling characteristics. Moreover, several secretory granule types were recognized according to differences in their shape and electron density. In all the cell types, both LHβ and FSHβ were often seen in the same secretory granules, but the proportion of granules bearing both hormones ranged from 5.5% in Type I to 32.7% in Type IV. Most secretory granules in Types I and II were immunolabeled with LHβ alone, whereas a small number of granules were immunolabeled with FSHβ alone. More immunolabeled FSHβ granules were present in Types III and IV than in Types I and II.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300214
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  • 186
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Localization of mammary-derived growth inhibitor in capillary endothelial cells of the bovine mammary gland (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 277 (1994), S. 457-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Mammary-derived growth inhibitor ; Fatty acid-binding proteins ; Differentiation ; Vascularization ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunocytochemistry ; Mammary gland ; Cow
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Mammary-derived growth inhibitor (MDGI) has previously been localized in the mammary parenchyma, dependent on the stage of differentiation of the mammary gland. Here, we have elucidated the distribution of MDGI in the mammary stroma by a combined immunohisto- and cytochemical analysis with antibodies raised against MDGI. Distinct staining of capillary endothelial cells has been revealed. Although its subcellular distribution resembles former observations in secretory epithelial cells, the expression of MDGI in capillary endothelial cells clearly precedes that in secretory epithelial cells. On the other hand, no endothelial MDGI staining has been detected in bovine heart, which contains a fatty acid-binding protein almost identical to MDGI. The localization of MDGI in the mammary capillary endothelium is discussed in terms of its possible involvement in the intracellular transport of hydrophobic ligands or in the regulation of endothelial cell proliferation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300218
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  • 187
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Localization of FMRFamide- and ACEP-1-like immunoreactivities in the nervous system and heart of a pulmonate mollusc, Achatina fulica (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 278 (1994), S. 451-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): FMRFamide ; ACEP-1 (Achatina cardio-excitatory peptide-1) ; Cardiac regulation ; Immunohistochemistry ; Achatina fulica (Mollusca)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Immunohistochemical localization of two neuropeptides possibly involved in the regulation of cardiac activity in a pulmonate mollusc, Achatina fulica Férussac, was studied. On the ventral surface of the right cerebral ganglion, more than 50 neurons with diameters of 30–50 μm showed immunoreactivity to the antiserum of the neuropeptide FMRFamide. Many were also immunoreactive to an antiserum raised against Achatina cardio-excitatory peptide-1 (ACEP-1). Although FMRFamidelike immunoreactive neurons occurred in all components of the subesophageal ganglia, identifiable ACEP-1-like immunoreactive neurons were located only in the visceral ganglion and the right parietal ganglion. In the heart, FMRFamide- and ACEP-1-like immunoreactive fibers were restricted to the atrium and the aortic end of the ventricle, consistent with morphological observations of cardiac innervation. The present results suggest that FMRFamide-and ACEP-1-like peptides are involved in regulating the heart beat of this snail.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331363
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  • 188
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Antibodies to quinolinic acid and the determination of its cellular distribution within the rat immune system (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 278 (1994), S. 461-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Neurotoxins ; Immunohistochemistry ; Macrophages ; Dendritic reticulum cell ; B-cells ; Indoleamines ; NADPH oxidase ; Rat (Sprague Dawley)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Antibodies to quinolinic acid were produced in rabbits with protein-conjugated and gold particle-adsorbed quinolinic acid. Quinolinic acid immunoreactivity was below detection limits in carbodiimide-fixed rat brain. In contrast, strong quinolinic acid immunoreactivity was observed in spleen cells with variable, complex morphology located predominantly in the periarterial lymphocyte sheaths. In the thymus, quinolinic acid immunoreactivity was observed in cells with variable morphology, located almost exclusively in the medulla. Lymph nodes and gut-associated lymphoid tissue contained many, strongly stained cells of similar complex morphology in perifollicular areas. Immunoreactivity in liver and lung was restricted to widely scattered, perivascular cells and alveolar cells respectively. Additional stained cells with complex morphology were observed in bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue, in skin, and in the lamina propria of intestinal villi. Follicles in all secondary lymphoid organs were diffusely stained, ranging from mildly to moderately immunoreactive in spleen, to intensely immunoreactive in gut-associated lymphoid tissue. These results suggest that quinolinic acid is an immune system-specific molecule. Two hypothetical schemes are proposed to account for high levels of quinolinic acid in specific cells of the immune system.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331364
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  • 189
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chorionic gonadotropin-like proteins in the obplacental giant cells of the rabbit (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 278 (1994), S. 573-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Placenta ; Giant cells ; Chorionic gonadotropin ; Luteotropin ; Electrophoresis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rabbit
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Obplacental giant cells are enlarged cells, found following implantation, in the antimesometrial region of the rabbit uterus. They probably originate from trophoblastic knobs that traverse the uterine epithelium during early implantation. Little is known about their function. In this study, trophoblast, placental, paraplacental and obplacental tissues at days 7–15 post-coitum, and enzyme-isolated giant cells at day 15 were studied by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, followed by immunoblotting and light-microscopic immunohistochemistry, for the presence of human chorionic gonado- tropin-like proteins. Immunostaining was performed by using anti-human chorionic gonadotropin antibodies. In gel electrophoresis of obplacental tissue and isolated giant cells, two proteins of human chorionic gonadotropin-like antigenicity at 26 kDa with pIs equivalent to pH 6.4 and 6.6 were found; they were absent in the placenta, paraplacenta, day-7 blastocyst and day-8 trophoblast. The onset of synthesis of these proteins could be observed when day-8 trophoblastic tissue was cultured in vitro for 24 h. In immunohistochemistry, only the obplacental giant cells showed a positive reaction, indicating that the production of chorionic gonadotropin occurs in this cell type.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050247
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  • 190
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Localization of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) immunoreactivity and hormone receptor mRNA in testicular tissue of infertile men (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 278 (1994), S. 595-600 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: FSH ; Immunohistochemistry ; Receptor mRNA ; In situ hybridization ; Sertoli cell ; Testis ; Human
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Testicular biopsies from 82 oligo- or azoospermic male patients were subjected to immunostaining using anti-human FSH antibodies. Histological evaluation showed normal spermatogenesis (nspg) in 7 (FSH: 2.7±0.7), mixed atrophy (ma) in 63 (FSH: 5.3±0.5), and bilateral or unilateral Sertoli Cell Only syndrome (SCO) in 12 (FSH:21.7±3.5) patients. For the relationship between FSH values and testicular histology, see Bergmann et al. (1994). FSH immunoreactivity was found exclusively in Sertoli cells and in some interstitial cells. Seminiferous epithelium showing normal or impaired spermatogenesis displayed only weak immunoreactivity compared to intense immunoreaction, i.e. large and numerous vesicles in Sertoli cells of SCO tubules in biopsies showing mixed atrophy or SCO. In addition, h-FSH receptor mRNA was demonstrated by in situ hybridization using biotinylated cDNA antisense oligonucleotides. Hybridization signals were found within the seminiferous epithelium exclusively in Sertoli cell cytoplasm associated with normal spermatogenesis and in epithelia showing different signs of impairment, including SCO. It is concluded that: (1) Sertoli cells are the only cells within the seminiferous epithelium expressing FSH receptors; (2) the accumulation of FSH immunoreactivity in Sertoli cells of SCO tubules appears to be a sign of impaired Sertoli cell function.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050250
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  • 191
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Coexistence of substance P, neuropeptide Y, VIP, and CGRP in the nerve fibers of the carotid labyrinth of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana: a double-labelling immunofluorescence study in combination with alternate consecutive sections (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 276 (1994), S. 91-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Carotid labyrinth ; Coexistence ; Substance P ; CGRP ; VIP ; Neuropeptide Y ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rana catesbeiana (Anura)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Double immunohistochemical staining with rhodamine- and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated antisera revealed the coexistence of substance P (SP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY), and SP and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in most nerve fibers in the intervascular stroma of the carotid labyrinth of the bull-frog, Rana catesbeiana, although there were a few fibers which showed only SP- or NPY-immunoreactivity. Approximately one third of SP-immunoreactive fibers also showed coexistence with vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-immunoreactivity, and a few fibers contained VIP without SP. The combination of the double immunofluorescence technique and alternate consecutive sections further demonstrated the possible coexistence of SP, VIP, NPY, and CGRP. This coexistence of four different peptides in the same nerve fibers was proved by the following two evident facts: 1) some SP fibers which demonstrated coexistence with NPY-immunoreactivity were assumed to be continuous with those showing VIP-immunoreactivity, and 2) almost all of the SP fibers showed coexistence with CGRP-immunoreactivity. By this reasoning, nearly one third of SP fibers may demonstrate coexistence with NPY-, VIP-, and CGRP-immunoreactivities. These multiple peptides might be involved in vascular regulatory function, which is a possible function of the amphibian carotid labyrinth.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00354788
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  • 192
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Expression of neuron-specific enolase in the pineal organ of the domestic fowl during post-hatching development (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 279 (1994), S. 25-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Pineal organ ; Neuron-specific enolase ; Immunohistochemistry ; Three-dimensional reconstruction ; Post-hatching development ; Domestic fowl
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Immunohistochemistry for neuron-specific enolase (NSE) revealed that NSE is localized in both a limited number of pinealocytes and intrinsic afferent neurons in the pineal organ of the domestic fowl. Furthermore, a computer-assisted three-dimensional imaging technique allowed to clarify the reverse distributional pattern of both elements: NSE-positive pinealocytes displayed a dense distribution especially in the vesicular portion of the gland, whereas NSE-immunoreactive nerve cells were mainly found in the pineal stalk. The number of NSE-positive intrinsic neurons in the pineal organ of chickens decreased rapidly after hatching, with a concentration of these elements in the basal portion (stalk) of the pineal organ. On the other hand, immunoreactive pinealocytes increased remarkably in the end-vesicle of the organ with age, followed by a gradual expansion toward the proximal portion. Thus, the spectacular increase in NSE-positive pinealocytes and the progressive reduction of reactive neurons occurred in parallel during the course of post-hatching development. NSE-immunoreactive pinealocytes displayed morphological characteristics of bipolar elements, endowed with an apical protrusion into the pineal lumen and a short basal process at younger stages, whereas multipolar types of NSE-positive pinealocytes were predominantly found in the adult domestic fowl. These results indicate that in the pineal organ of the domestic fowl (1) the ontogenetic expansion of NSE-immunoreactive pinealocytes is paralleled by a regressive afferent innervation, (2) the NSE-positive pinealocytes transform from a bipolar (columnar) type to a multipolar type during post-hatching development, and (3) these ontogenetic changes in the NSE-immunoreactivity and morphology of pinealocytes may reflect the development of a neurosecretory-like capacity of the organ.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050258
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  • 193
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance P in the pharynx and lung of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 279 (1994), S. 115-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Pharynx ; Lung ; Calcitonin gene-related peptide ; Substance P ; Coexistence ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rana catesbeiana (Anura)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Indirect double immunofluorescence labelling in the pharynx and lung of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, demonstrated the occurrence, distribution, and coexistence of two neuropeptides. In the pharynx, immunoreactive calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) were localized in nerve fibers distributed within and just beneath the ciliated epithelium. In the lung, CGRP and SP were localized in nerve fibers in five principal locations: 1) within the smooth muscle layer in the interfaveolar septa; 2) in the luminal thickened edges of the septa; 3) around the pulmonary vasculature; 4) within, and 5) under the ciliated epithelium. Within the smooth muscle layer in the septa, luminal thickened septa, and around blood vessels, almost all fibers showed coexistence of CGRP and SP. Within and just beneath the ciliated epithelium in the thickened septa, all fibers showed coexistence of CGRP and SP. No immunoreactivity for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, neuropeptide Y, galanin, somatostatin, FMRFamide, and leucine- and methionine-enkephalins was detected in the nerve fibers within the larynx and the lung. Together with our previous data, the present findings suggest that peptidergic mechanisms are involved in the regulation of amphibian respiratory systems throughout their life.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050268
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  • 194
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chemical codes of sensory neurons innervating the guinea-pig adrenal gland (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 279 (1994), S. 169-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Adrenal gland ; Dorsal root ganglia ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neurofilament ; Neuronal tracing ; Neuropeptides ; Nitric oxide synthase ; Substance P ; Guinea-pig
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Retrograde neuronal tracing in combination with double-labelling immunofluorescence was applied to distinguish the chemical coding of guinea-pig primary sensory neurons projecting to the adrenal medulla and cortex. Seven subpopulations of retrogradely traced neurons were identified in thoracic spinal ganglia T1-L1. Five subpopulations contained immunolabelling either for calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) alone (I), or for CGRP, together with substance P (II), substance P/dynorphin (III), substance P/cholecystokinin (IV), and substance P/nitric oxide synthase (V), respectively. Two additional subpopulations of retrogradely traced neurons were distinct from these groups: neurofilament-immunoreactive neurons (VI), and cell bodies that were nonreactive to either of the antisera applied (VII). Nerve fibres in the adrenal medulla and cortex were equipped with the mediator combinations I, II, IV and VI. An additional meshwork of fibres solely labelled for nitric oxide synthase was visible in the medulla. Medullary as well as cortical fibres along endocrine tissue apparently lacked the chemical code V, while in the external cortex some fibres exhibited code III. Some intramedullary neuronal cell bodies revealed immunostaining for nitric oxide synthase, CGRP or substance P, providing an additional intrinsic adrenal innervation. Perikarya, immunolabelled for nitric oxide synthase, however, were too few to match with the large number of intramedullary nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive fibres. A non-sensory participation is also supposed for the particularly dense intramedullary network of solely neurofilament-immunoreactive nerve fibres. The findings give evidence for a differential sensory innervation of the guinea-pig adrenal cortex and medulla. Specific sensory neuron subpopulations suggest that nervous control of adrenal functions is more complex than hitherto believed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050272
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  • 195
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ontogeny of calbindin-D28K and calretinin in developing chick kidney (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 279 (1994), S. 209-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Calcium-binding proteins ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mesonephros ; Metanephros ; Chick embryo (White leghorn)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. The ontogeny of two calcium-binding proteins (calbindin-D28k and calretinin) was studied by immunohistochemical techniques in developing chick kidney. This study showed the presence of calbindin on the 5th incubation day and calretinin on the 7th incubation day in mesonephric distal and connecting tubules, and in the medial wall of the Wolffian duct. At later stages, immunostaining for these two proteins, in particular for calretinin, was also demonstrated in some metanephric proximal tubules. Glomeruli and Bowman's capsules were negative both in the mesonephros and metanephros. The presence of calretinin in the developing kidney has thus been demonstrated for the first time. The early expression of calbindin and calretinin in mesonephric distal tubules suggests their role in regulating the final excretion of calcium. The different patterns of immunoreactivity of the walls of the Wolffian duct can be correlated with their different histogenetic and histological features.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050275
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  • 196
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cytokeratin 18 is an M-cell marker in porcine Peyer's patches (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 276 (1994), S. 213-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) ; M(membranous)-cells ; Immunohistochemistry ; Cytokeratins ; Yeast ; Pig (Minipig, Göttingen)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The intermediate filaments of the dome epithelium of porcine Peyer's patches were studied by immunohistochemistry. The labelling patterns of monospecific antibodies directed against cytokeratins 8, 18 and 19 differed considerably. About 40% of the dome epithelial cells were intensely labelled by three different anti-cytokeratin 18 antibodies, indicating that large amounts of cytokeratin 18 are present in these cells. In order to verify that these cytokeratin-18-immunoreactive cells were M-cells, uptake studies using fluorescein-labelled yeast particles were performed. Numerous yeast particles were found exclusively in dome epithelial cells that were highly positive for cytokeratin 18, thus representing M-cells. In contrast, the content of cytokeratin 19 in M-cells was lower than that in neighbouring enterocytes. The labelling intensity of cytokeratin 8 did not differ between M-cells and enterocytes. In addition, the absence of vimentin and desmin from the dome epithelium of porcine Peyer's patches was demonstrated. The results show (1) that porcine M-cells differ from enterocytes in the composition of their cytoskeleton, (2) that cytokeratin 18 is a useful marker for detecting porcine M-cells and (3) that this marker directly correlas with M-cell function.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00306106
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  • 197
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Class-specific epitopes detected by polyclonal antibodies against the secretory products of the subcommissural organ of the dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 276 (1994), S. 515-522 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Subcommissural organ ; Reissner's fiber ; Secretory products ; Immunohistochemistry ; Development, phylogenetic ; Class-specific epitopes ; Dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula (Elasmobranchii)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We have raised antisera against extracts of the subcommissural organ (SCO) of the dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula L. Brains of 2900 specimens were collected in acetone, and the region containing the SCO and posterior commissure was removed and extracted in three different media. Antisera against these crude extracts were raised in rats and rabbits. Sequential absorptions of the antisera with extracts from different regions of the dogfish brain were performed to eliminate unwanted antibodies. When used to immunostain sections of the whole central nervous system of the dogfish, these purified antisera reacted selectively with the SCO-Reissner's fiber complex. An antiserum against bovine Reissner's fiber was also used. The antisera against the dogfish SCO and bovine Reissner's fiber showed the same staining pattern in the SCO and the Reissner's fiber of the dogfish. For comparative purposes, the brains of 15 vertebrate species from all vertebrate classes were immunostained with both antisera. The anti-dogfish SCO serum reacted with the SCO of the dogfish and that of other phylogenetically related elasmobranch species. Neither the SCO of a primitive elasmobranch species, Heptranchias perlo, nor the SCO of the other classes of vertebrates reacted with the anti-dogfish SCO serum. However, the antiserum against bovine Reissner's fiber reacted with the SCO of all the investigated species. It is concluded that some epitopes (or compounds) in the secretory material of the SCO are class-specific, whereas others are conserved and are synthesized by the SCO in most vertebrate species.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343948
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  • 198
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Localization of FMRFamide- and ACEP-1-like immunoreactivities in the nervous system and heart of a pulmonate mollusc, Achatina fulica (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 278 (1994), S. 451-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: FMRFamide ; ACEP-1 (Achatina cardio-excitatory peptide-1) ; Cardiac regulation ; Immunohistochemistry ; Achatina fulica (Mollusca)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Immunohistochemical localization of two neuropeptides possibly involved in the regulation of cardiac activity in a pulmonate mollusc, Achatina fulica Férussac, was studied. On the ventral surface of the right cerebral ganglion, more than 50 neurons with diameters of 30–50 μm showed immunoreactivity to the antiserum of the neuropeptide FMRFamide. Many were also immunoreactive to an antiserum raised against Achatina cardio-excitatory peptide-1 (ACEP-1). Although FMRFamide-like immunoreactive neurons occurred in all components of the subesophageal ganglia, identifiable ACEP-1-like immunoreactive neurons were located only in the visceral ganglion and the right parietal ganglion. In the heart, FMRFamide- and ACEP-1-like immunoreactive fibers were restricted to the atrium and the aortic end of the ventricle, consistent with morphological observations of cardiac innervation. The present results suggest that FMRFamide- and ACEP-1-like peptides are involved in regulating the heart beat of this snail.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050235
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  • 199
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Antibodies to quinolinic acid and the determination of its cellular distribution within the rat immune system (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 278 (1994), S. 461-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Neurotoxins ; Immunohistochemistry ; Macrophages ; Dendritic reticulum cell ; B-cells ; Indoleamines ; NADPH oxidase ; Rat (Sprague Dawley)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Antibodies to quinolinic acid were produced in rabbits with protein-conjugated and gold particle-adsorbed quinolinic acid. Quinolinic acid immunoreactivity was below detection limits in carbodiimide-fixed rat brain. In contrast, strong quinolinic acid immunoreactivity was observed in spleen cells with variable, complex morphology located predominantly in the periarterial lymphocyte sheaths. In the thymus, quinolinic acid immunoreactivity was observed in cells with variable morphology, located almost exclusively in the medulla. Lymph nodes and gut-associated lymphoid tissue contained many, strongly stained cells of similar complex morphology in perifollicular areas. Immunoreactivity in liver and lung was restricted to widely scattered, perivascular cells and alveolar cells respectively. Additional stained cells with complex morphology were observed in bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue, in skin, and in the lamina propria of intestinal villi. Follicles in all secondary lymphoid organs were diffusely stained, ranging from mildly to moderately immunoreactive in spleen, to intensely immunoreactive in gut-associated lymphoid tissue. These results suggest that quinolinic acid is an immune system-specific molecule. Two hypothetical schemes are proposed to account for high levels of quinolinic acid in specific cells of the immune system.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050236
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  • 200
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Distribution and colocalization of nitric oxide synthase and NADPH-diaphorase in adrenal gland of developing, adult and aging Sprague-Dawley rats (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 276 (1994), S. 133-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Adrenal gland ; Nitric oxide synthase ; Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH) ; Immunohistochemistry ; Histochemistry ; Rat (Sprague Dawley)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The distribution and colocalization of nitric oxide synthase and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-diaphorase) was investigated in the adrenal gland of developing, adult and aging rats with the use of immunohistochemical and histochemical techniques. Nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive neurons within the adrenal gland were found from the 20th day of gestation onwards. During early development the neurons were found as small clusters of smaller-size cells compared to those observed in the adult gland. Their number reached that of adult level by the 4th day after birth, and in the glands from aging rats a 28.6% increase was observed. Whilst no immunofluorescence was seen in chromaffin cells during early development, some cells from glands of aging rats showed nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactivity with varying intensity. The immunoreactive neurons from postnatal rat adrenals were also positive for NADPH-diaphorase, whilst those in prenatal rats were negative or lightly stained. Nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive nerve fibres were present in all adrenal glands examined from the 16th day of gestation onwards. A considerable degree of variation in the distribution of immunoreactive fibres both in medulla and outer region of cortex at the different age groups was observed and described. Most, but not all, nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive nerve fibres also showed NADPH-diaphorase staining.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00354792
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