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  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1718-1727 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thiono and Dithio Esters, 42. - Reactions of Thiooxalates with C- and S-NucleophilesO,O′-Dimethyl dithiooxalate (1) and dimethyl tetrathiooxalate (2) react with several carbanionic reagents by thiophilic attack to form addition products, which upon hydrolysis yield derivatives 7 and 10 of thioacetic acid having a thioacetal function in the 2-position. 1 is reduced by sodium benzylsulfide to give the E- and Z-enedithiolates 15 and 16. The anion 18 of O-methyl methoxy(methylthio)thioacetate (7a) reacts with allyl and propargyl bromide primarily at the sulfur atom. These products 19, 21 then undergo rearrangements of the Thio-Claisen type to give 20, 22. Oxidation of 18 with iodine yields the methyl dithionosuccinate 26 as a mixture of diastereomers.
    Notes: Dithiooxalsäure-O,O′-dimethylester (1) und Tetrathiooxalsäure-dimethylester (2) bilden mit einer Reihe carbanionischer Reagenzien thiophile Additionsprodukte, deren Hydrolyse zu den Thioessigesterderivaten 7 und 10 mit Thioacetalstruktur in 2-Position führt. 1 wird durch Natriumbenzylsulfid zu den E- und Z-Endithiolaten 15 und 16 reduziert. Das Anion 18 des Methoxy(methylthio)thioessigsäure-O-methylesters (7a) reagiert mit Allyl- oder Propargylbromid zunächst am Schwefelatom. Die so erhaltenen Produkte 19, 21 gehen Thio-Claisen-Umlagerungen zu 20 und 22 ein. Durch Oxidation von 18 mit Iod entsteht das Dithionbernsteinsäureester-Derivat 26 als Diastereomerengemisch.
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  • 102
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1736-1748 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation of Nucleoside Analogues from Glycosyl Azides, 4(1). - Synthesis of ara-Tetrazole NucleosidesThe (alkylamino)tetrazole nucleosides 1 have been transformed into the 2′-O-(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl derivatives 2. These react with sodium acetate to yield the 2′-(alkylamino)-2-deoxyarabinofuranosyl cyclonucleosides 3 which were transformed into the free nucleosides 4. Reaction of 2 with sodium azide led to the formation of the 2′-deoxyarabinofuranosyl nucleosides 5. Reduction of their azido group combined with N-acetylation and cleavage of the protecting moiety gave the 2′-amino- or 2′-acetamido-2′-deoxyarabinofuranosyl nucleosides 6 - 9. An attempt to introduce the 2′-azido group into 1b with inversion by means of the system triphenylphosphane/diethyl azodicarboxylate/hydrazoic azid yields the 2′-azido-2′-deoxyribonucleoside 10.
    Notes: Die (Alkylamino)tetrazolnucleoside 1 wurden zunächst in die 2′-O-[(Trifluormethyl)sulfonyl]-Derivate 2 umgewandelt. Diese lieferten bei der Umsetzung mit Natriumacetat 2′-(Alkylamino)-2′-desoxyarabinofuranosylcyclonucleoside 3, die in die freien Nucleoside 4 übergeführt wurden. 2 reagierte mit Natriumazid zu den 2′-Azido-2′-desoxyarabinofuranosylnucleosiden 5. Reduktion der Azidgruppe lieferte in Kombination mit einer Acetylierungsreaktion und jeweiliger Schutzgruppenabspaltung die 2′-Amino- bzw. 2′-Acetamido-2′-desoxyarabinofuranosylnucleoside 6 - 9. Bei einem Versuch, die 2′-Azidogruppe in 1b mit Hilfe des Systems Triphenylphosphan/Azodicarbonsäure-diethylester/Stickstoffwasserstoffsäure invertierend einzubringen, wurde das 2′-Azido-2′-desoxyribonucleosid 10 gebildet.
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  • 103
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Natural Products from Medicinal Plants, XXIV. - Isolation, Structure Determination, and Synthesis of (Z,Z)-4,4′-(1,4-Pentadiene-1,5-diyl)diphenol, an Unusual Natural Product from the Leaves of the Ginkgo Tree (Ginkgo biloba L.)The title compound 1 was isolated from the leaves of the ginkgo tree by column chromatography. The structure of the new natural product was determined by synthesis starting from the bis(phosphorane) 3 und by X-ray analysis of its O,O′-bis(4-nitrobenzoyl) derivative 2.
    Notes: Die Titelverbindung 1 wird aus den Blättern des Ginkgo-Baumes säulenchromatographisch isoliert. Die Struktur des neuen Naturstoffs wird durch Synthese aus dem Bis(phosphoran) 3 und durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse seines O,O′-Bis(4-nitrobenzoyl)-Derivats 2 bewiesen.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 104
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Oxidations of Thiocarbamidates, 10. - α-Carbamoyl Sulfoxides and Sulfones, 2. - Formation of Thiosulfonates by Hydrolysis of Cyclic α-Carbamoyl SulfoxidesThiosulfonates of type 12 and 14 were isolated after hydrolysis of cyclic α-carbamoyl sulfoxides of the thiazine type 1 and the thiazolidine type 4, respectively. Structures were confirmed by spectra and independent syntheses.
    Notes: Bei der Hydrolyse cyclischer α-Carbamoylsulfoxide des Thiazintyps 1 und des Thiazolidintyps 4 werden Thiosulfonsäureester des Typs 12 bzw. 14 erhalten, deren neuartige Strukturen durch Spektren und unabhängige Synthesen belegt werden.
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  • 105
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ring-chain Tautomerism of 2-Deoxy-D-ribose: Complete Analysis of the Dynamics by NMR Line-shape Simulation and Spin-saturation TransferFor the first time all rate constants assoziated with the pyranose-aldehyde-furanose equilibrium of a sugar (2-deoxy-D-ribose) have been determined by NMR. Line-shape analysis and spin-saturation transfer give the same results.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 106
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Ungewöhnlich verknüpfte Nucleoside, I. - Tributylammonium-phosphate in Chloroform zur direkten Verknüpfung von 2-Desoxy-D-ribose mit N6-substituierten AdeninenPhosphorpentoxid reagiert mit Wasser und Tributylamin in Chloroform zu einer homogenen Lösung von Tributylammonium-phosphat, Pyrophosphat und Trimetaphosphat. 3-(9-Adenyl)-2,3-didesoxy-D-threo-pentofuranosen 3 fallen kristallin an, wenn 2-Desoxy-D-ribose (2) mit N6-substituierten Adeninen 1 in dieser Lösung 7 Tage bei 40°C umgesetzt wird.
    Notes: Phosphorus pentoxide reacts with water and tributylamine in chloroform to give a homogeneous solution of tributylammonium phosphate, pyrophosphate, and trimetaphosphate. 3-(9-Adenyl)-2,3-dideoxy-D-threo-pentopyranoses 3 precipitate on treatment of 2-deoxy-D-ribose (2) with N6-substituted adenines 1 in this solution at 40°C after 7 days.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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  • 107
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1940-1949 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Sequencing of Cyclopeptides Containing Thiazole Amino Acids (“Dolastatin 3”) by Using Fast Atom Bombardment (FAB)/Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MSMS)Unequivocal sequencing of the cyclopeptides cyclo[-LPro-DLeu-L Val-D(gln)Thz-(gly)Thz-] (1) and cyclo[-(gly)Thz-D(gln)Thz-LVal-DLeu-LPro-] (2) can be achieved by combining fast atom bombardment with tandem mass spectrometry methodologies, thus opening a way to elucidate the as yet unknown sequence of dolastatin 3.
    Notes: Die Sequenzen der Cyclopeptide cyclo[-L-Pro-DLeu-L Val-D(gln)Thz-(gly)Thz-] (1) und cyclo[-(gly)Thz-D(gln)Thz-LVal-DLeu-LPro-] (2) lassen sich durch eine Kombination von „Fast-Atom-Bombardment“-(FAB-) und Tandem-Massenspektrometrie in eindeutiger Weise herleiten. Hiermit wird die Möglichkeit eröffnet, die bis jetzt unbekannte Struktur von Dolastatin 3 aufzuklären.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 108
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1956-1967 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chromatographic Resolution of Enantiomers with Natural PolymersCheap, chiral, natural polymers have been tested as stationary phases for the chromatographic resolution of the enantiomers of several very different racemates. Silk, wool, and cellulose ar not suitable. Potato starch can be used well in special cases. Hesse's and Hagel's cellulose triacetate finds widest application, as shown by several new examples. This property results from a genuine chiral tertiary structure not to be destroyed during preparation.
    Notes: Mit einigen chemisch sehr verschiedenen Verbindungen werden billige, chirale, natürliche Polymere als stationäre Phasen für die chromatographische Enantiomerentrennung geprüft. Seide, Wolle und Cellulose eignen sich nicht. Kartoffelstärke hat sich in speziellen Fällen bewährt. Das Cellulosetriacetat nach Hesse und Hagel findet die breiteste Anwendung, wie an einigen neuen Beispielen gezeigt wird. Diese Eigenschaft ist an eine chiral gewachsene Tertiärstruktur gebunden, die bei der Herstellung erhalten bleiben muß.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 109
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1387-1392 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Alkylierung von 2,3-Dihydro-1,4-diazepinium-SalzenN-Unsubstituierte 2,3-Dihydro-1,4-diazepinium-Salze 4a - d werden mit Iodmethan/Kaliumcarbonat in Dimethylformamid leicht N-methyliert (→5a - d). Das 2,3-Dihydro-5,7-diphenyl-1,4-diazepinium-Salz 4d konnte zwar N-ethyliert, aber nicht N-isopropyliert werden, vermutlich aus sterischen Gründen. Sterische Wechselwirkungen zwischen benachbarten 1,4-Alkyl- und 5,7-Phenylsubstituenten am Dihydrodiazepiniumring lassen sich NMR-spektroskopisch nachweisen. 2,3-Dihydro-6-(hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-diazepinium-Salze (2a, b) werden zunächst an den Stickstoffatomen methyliert (→1a, b) und erst danach an der Hydroxygruppe (→3a, b).
    Notes: N-Unsubstituted 2,3-dihydro-1,4-diazepinium salts 4a - d are N-methylated readily (→5a - d) by using iodomethane and potassium carbonate in dimethylformamide. The 2,3-dihydro-5,7-diphenyl-1,4-diazepinium salt 4d could be N-ethylated but not N-isopropylated, presumably for steric reasons. Vicinal crowding between, 1,4-alkyl and 5,7-phenyl substituents at the dihydrodiazepinium ring is evident from NMR spectra. 2,3-Dihydro-6-(hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-diazepinium salts (2a, b) are methylated first at the nitrogen atoms (→1a, b) and only then at the hydroxy group (→3a, b).
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 110
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1435-1447 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Building Units of Oligosaccharides, LXXIII. - Synthesis of the Tetrapeptide Sequence 12 to 15 of Asialoglycophorin A with Four Disaccharide Side ChainsThe protected O-glycosylated derivative of L-serine 2 and the homologous L-threonine compound 8, both with the Fmoc-group at the N-terminus and the benzyl ester at the C-terminus, can be used successfully in the synthesis of O-glycopeptides. In these compounds, it is possible to deblock the N-terminus or the C-terminus selectively. Beginning at the carboxyl end and with help of the peptide reagent EEDQ, these derivatives were used in a step by step synthesis of the glycosylated tetrapeptide 19. This structure with four disaccharide units of β-D-Gal-(1→3)-α-D-GalNAc represents the sequence 12 to 15 of the asialoglycophorin A.
    Notes: Das blockierte O-Glycosylserin-Derivat β-D-Gal-(1→3)-α-D-GalNAc-L-Ser 2 mit N-terminaler Fmoc-Gruppe und C-terminalen Benzylester sowie die entsprechende L-Threonin-verbindung 8 bieten einen allgemeinen Zugang zu O-Glycopeptiden. In ihnen läßt sich selektiv der N- oder C-Terminus freilegen. Beginnend am C-terminalen Ende wurde hiermit stufenweise unter Kondensationshilfe von EEDQ das Tetraglycopeptid 19 mit vier Disaccharideinheiten β-D-Gal-(1→3)-α-D-GalNAc synthetisiert. Es handelt sich hierbei um die Sequenz 12 bis 15 des Asialoglycophorin A.
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  • 111
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1990-1996 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Rearrangement of Azidomalonic EstersDimethyl azido[6-(methoxycarbonyl)-2-oxo-2H-pyran-4-ylmethyl]malonate (4) is photolyzed under loss of nitrogen and rearrangement of one methoxycarbonyl group to form the mixture of Z und E isomers of the α,β-unsaturated amino acid esters 8 and 9. On photolysis of isopropyl- and isobutylazidomalonates 10 migration of the alkyl group is observed exclusively. The (alkylimino)malonates 14 so formed have been hydrogenated and hydrolyzed to give the N-alkylglycine derivatives 16.
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  • 112
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Three Novel Amino Acids from the Nikkomycin Complex - Structure Elucidation and SynthesisFrom the culture medium of Streptomyces tendae Tue 901 some new metabolites were characterized: 2-amino-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-4-(2-pyridyl)butanoic acid (1) [nikkomycin E], its isomer 2-amino-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-4-(3-pyridyl)butanoic acid (2) [as N-terminal constituent of the nikkomycins Px (5) and Rz (6)], and 2-amino-4-hydroxy-4-(2-pyridyl)butanoic acid (3) [as N-terminal amino acid of the nikkomycins Kx (7) and Kz (8)]. The structure elucidation was achieved by NMR, mass spectrometry and by comparison with synthetic reference compounds.
    Notes: Aus dem Kulturfiltrat von Streptomyces tendae Tue 901 wurden weitere neue Metabolite charakterisiert: 2-Amino-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-4-(2-pyridyl)buttersäure (1) [Nikkomycin E], die dazu isomere 2-Amino-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-4-(3-pyridyl)buttersäure (2) [als N-terminaler Baustein der Nikkomycine Px (5) und Rz (6)] und 2-Amino-4-hydroxy-4-(2-pyridyl)buttersäure (3) [als N-terminale Aminosäure der Nikkomycine Kx (7) und Kz (8)]. Die Strukturaufklärung erfolgte durch Kernresonanz, Massenspektrometrie und durch Vergleich mit entsprechenden Syntheseprodukten.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 113
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 438-455 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of Antileukemic Indolylvinyl-1-benzofurans and -benzo[b]thiophenes2-[2-(Indol-2-yl)vinyl]-1-benzofuran and -benzo[b]thiophene compounds 6-13 and 18-22 with terminal amidinium or imidazolinium groups were synthesized; in their antileukemic activity in mice they surpass the isosteric 2,2′-vinylenebis(1-benzofuran) and -(benzo[b]-thiophene) compounds.
    Notes: 2-[2-(Indol-2-yl)vinyl]-1-benzofuran- und -benzo[b]thiophen-Verbindungen 6-13 und 18-22 mit endständigen Amidinium- oder Imidazolinium-Gruppen wurden synthetisiert; in ihrer antileukämischen Wirksamkeit übertreffen sie bei der Maus die isosteren 2,2′-Vinylenbis(1-benzofuran)- und -(benzo[b]thiophen)-Verbindungen.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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  • 114
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 465-478 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cyclopentenon-Derivate, XI.  -  Stereoselektive Wege zu Bicyclo[3.3.0]octanonenDie Anellierung von Doppeldonatoren wie Glutaconsäure-dimethylester und 3-Oxoglutarsäure-dimethylester an 4-Acetoxy-2-cyclopenten-1-on eröffnet stereoselektive Wege zu diversen Bicyclo[3.3.0]octanon-Derivaten.
    Notes: Annulation of double donating molecules like dimethyl glutaconate as well as dimethyl 3-oxoglutarate to 4-acetoxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one opens stereoselective routes to various bicyclo[3.3.0]octanone derivatives.
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  • 115
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 780-784 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Thiazoles from N-Cyanoimidates or 3-Cyanoisoureas and Thioglycolic Acid DerivativesNovel thiazoles 3a-g, 4a-d are synthesized from N-cyanoimidates and 3-cyanoisoureas of type 1a-m and thioglycolic acid methyl ester (2a) as well as the amide (2b). The limitations of the reaction are outlined. The products are further converted into thiazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidines 6a-d and thiazolo [4,5-d]-1,2,3-triazinones 7a-c.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 116
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Nikotinamid-Coenzym-Modelle, II. Bis(methoxycarbonyl)-N,N′-dimethyl[2.2](2,5)pyridiniophan-diiodide: Darstellung, Struktur und Reduktion zu halbreduzierten SystemenAusgehend von den Pyridinophanen 1-4(1), die jeweils zwei Nikotinsäureester-Einheiten in den vier verschiedenen Orientierungsmöglichkeiten enthalten, wurden durch doppelte Quartärsalzbildung die entsprechenden Pyridiniophan-diiodide 7-10 erhalten. UV- und 1H-NMR-Spektren dieser [2.2]Paracyclophane mit zwei positiven Ringladungen werden diskutiert; die Molekülstruktur des von 7 abgeleiteten Diperchlorats wurde durch Röntgen-Strukturanalyse bestimmt.  -  Durch Natriumdithionit-Reduktion des Pyridinium-Salzes 5, das ein analoges Substitutionsmuster wie 7-10 hat, wurde die entsprechende 1,4-Dihydro-Verbindung 6 erhalten. 7 reagierte mit Natriumdithionit jedoch zu dem doppelten 1,2-Dihydropyridin-System 15, das mit Maleinsäureanhydrid das 1:2-Addukt 16 ergab. Ein Zugang zu der gewünschten Reihe der halbreduzierten 1,4-Dihydroderivate 11-14 wurde in der Reaktion mit 6 als Reduktionsmittel gefunden. Für 11 und 14 werden die UV/VIS- und 1H-NMR-Spektren angegeben. Aus ersten Spin-Sättigungsübertragungs-1H-NMR-Versuchen wird geschlossen, daß bei 14 ein intramolekularer Austausch von Redox-Äquivalenten stattfindet, während dies unter denselben Bedingungen für das Isomere 11 nicht beobachtet wird.
    Notes: From the pyridinophanes 1-4(1) which consist of two nicotinic ester units in the four different orientations possible, by diquaternization the corresponding pyridiniophane diiodides 7-10 were obtained. UV and 1H NMR spectra of these [2.2]paracyclophanes with two positive ring charges are discussed; the molecular structure of the diperchlorate derived from 7 was determined by X-ray structure analysis.  -  By sodium dithionite reduction the pyridinium salt 5 with an analogous substitution pattern as 7-10 was reduced to the corresponding 1,4-dihydro compound 6. 7 reacted with sodium dithionite, however, to the double 1,2-dihydropyridine system 15 which yielded with maleic anhydride the 1:2-adduct 16. Access to the wanted series of semi-reduced 1,4-dihydro derivatives 11-14 was obtained by the reaction with 6 as the reducing reagent. For 11 and 14 the UV/VIS and 1H NMR spectra are reported. From first spin saturation transfer 1H NMR experiments it is concluded that in 14 an intramolecular exchange of redox-equivalents occurs whereas for the isomer 11 this is not observed under the same conditions.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 117
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 799-813 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: New Sesquiterpene Lactones and Other Constituents from Stevia mercedensis and Stevia achalensisTwo Stevia species from Argentina afford in addition to several known compounds 18 new sesquiterpene lactones, the guaianolides 1, 5a/b, 6a/b, 14, 15, and 17, the eudesmanolides 19, 21, and 22, the elemanolides 25 and 26, and the eremophilanolides 28 - 30, 32, and 33. Furthermore, four new sesquiterpenic acids 38 and 42 - 44, the longipinene derivative 10, and a chromene derivative 11 can be isolated. The structures were elucidated mainly by high-field 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Biogenetic relationships are discussed briefly.
    Notes: Zwei Stevia-Arten aus Argentinien ergeben neben bekannten Verbindungen 18 neue Sesquiterpenlactone, die Guajanolide 1, 5a/b, 6a/b, 14, 15 und 17, die Eudesmanolide 19, 21 und 22, die Elemanolide 25 und 26 und die Eremophilanolide 28 - 30, 32 und 33. Außerdem isoliert man vier neue Sesquiterpensäuren 38 und 42 - 44, das Longipinen-Derivat 10 und ein Chromen-Derivat 11. Die Strukturen wurden vor allem durch Hochfeld-1H-NMR-Spektroskopie geklärt und deren biogenetischen Beziehungen kurz diskutiert.
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  • 118
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Enantio- und diastereokontrollierte Synthese chiraler 1,2-Diolderivate aus (R)-2,3-Di-O-isopropylidenglycerinaldehyd: endo- und exo-BrevicominAlle vier möglichen Stereoisomeren des Insektenpheromons Brevicomin wurden aus (R)-2,3-Di-O-isopropylidenglycerinaldehyd (1) auf stereokontrolliertem Weg mit ee von mehr als 98 - 99% dargestellt.
    Notes: All four possible stereoisomers of the insect pheromone brevicomin have been prepared from (R)-2,3-di-O-isopropylideneglyceraldehyde (1) on stereocontrolled routes with ee more than 98 - 99%.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 119
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Photochemie des Phthalimid-Systems, 39. - Photoinduzierte Reaktionen, 84. Photochemie von ω-Phthalimidoalkansäure-Derivaten. - Synthese von kondensierten Hydropyrazinen und 1,4-DiazepinenPhotochemische Reaktionen von Phthalimiden, die in der Seitenkette verschiedene Carbonylfunktionen (Amide 3a-h, Ester 11, 14 oder Thioester 17) enthalten, werden beschrieben. Unter Bestrahlung wurden die Amid-Derivate 3 durch Photocyclisierung in benzoanellierte Hydropyrazine (4a, e, g, h) und Hydro-1,4-diazepine (4b, f) umgewandelt, während die Ester 11, 14 Additions- und Reduktions-Reaktionen an den Imid-Carbonylgruppen und der Thioester 17 Norrish-Typ-I-Reaktion des Thioesterteils zeigten ohne Cyclisierungs-Produkte zu bilden.
    Notes: Photochemical reactions of phthalimides having various carbonyl functions (amides 3a-h, esters 11, 14, and thioester 17) in their N-alkyl side chain are studied. By irradiation fused hydropyrazines (4a, e, g, h) and hydro-1,4-diazepines (4b, f) were formed from amide derivatives 3 through photocyclization, whereas the esters 11, 14 showed addition and reduction reactions of the imide carbonyl group, and thioester 17 showed Norrish-type I reaction of the thioester moiety, in each case, however, without yielding cyclized products.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 120
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 280-286 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Untersuchung der transannularen Bleitetraacetat-Oxidation einiger Diarylhydrazone von cyclischen Diketonen mittlerer RinggrößeOxidation der Bis(arylhydrazone) 1a - d von 1,5-Cyclooctandion mit Bleitetraacetat führt über eine transannulare Reaktion überwiegend zu den entsprechenden bicyclischen Bis-(arylazo)-Verbindungen 3a - d. Unter den gleichen Bedingungen ergaben die Bis(arylhydrazone) 2a - d von 3,8-Cyclodecadien-1,6-dion hauptsächlich die monocyclischen Bis(acetoxy)bis(arylazo)-Produkte 6a - d. Weiterhin wird die Reaktion der Bis(arylazo)-Derivate 3 mit Schwefelsäure untersucht.
    Notes: Oxidation of bis(arylhydrazones) 1a - d of 1,5-cyclooctanedione with lead tetraacetate mainly leads, via a transannular reaction, to the corresponding bicyclic bis(arylazo) compounds 3a - d, whereas bis(arylhydrazones) 2a - d of 3,8-cyclodecadiene-1,6-dione under the same conditions mainly give monocyclic bis(acetoxy)bis(arylazo) products 6a - d. The reaction of bis(arylazo) derivatives 3 with sulfuric acid is also examined.
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  • 121
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 287-291 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: L-Canaline Derivatives of Interest in Peptide Synthesis(S)-4-(tert-Butyloxycarbonylaminooxy)-2-(tritylamino)butyric acid (8) and the p-toluenesulfonate of phenacyl (S)-2-amino-4-(phthalimidooxy)butyrate (10) have been synthesized from N-tritylhomoserine (2) in five and three steps, respectively.
    Notes: (S)-4-(tert-Butyloxycarbonylaminooxy)-2-(tritylamino)buttersäure (8) und das p-Toluolsulfonat von (S)-2-Amino-4-(phthalimidooxy)buttersäure-phenacylester (10) werden in fünf bzw. drei Stufen aus N-Tritylhomoserin (2) synthetisiert.
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  • 122
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1012-1020 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthese neuer 2-Azaadenine und 2-Azahypoxanthine aus 4-Diazo-4H-imidazolenEine Reihe neuer, möglicherweise biologisch wirksamer N6-substituierter 2-Azaadenine 5 wurde aus 5-Amino-1H-imidazol-4-carboxamid-hydrochlorid über 4-Diazo-4H-imidazol-5-carbonitril (1), das mit primären Aminen gekuppelt wurde, mit 11 - 78proz. Ausbeute hergestellt. Auch einige 1-substituierte 2-Azahypoxanthine 9 wurden aus 5-Amino-1H-imidazol-4-carbonsäure-ethylester (6) über 4-Diazo-4H-imidazol-5-carbonsäure-ethylester (7) durch Kopplung mit primären Aminen mit 17 - 66proz. Ausbeute gewonnen.
    Notes: 5-Amino-1H-imidazole-4-carboxamide hydrochloride has been converted into a series of new, potentially biologically active N6-substituted 2-azaadenines 5 via 4-diazo-4H-imidazole-5-carbonitrile (1) which was coupled with primary amines to give 5 in 11 - 78% yield. Further, some 1-substituted 2-azahypoxanthines 9 have been prepared in 17 - 66% yield from ethyl 5-amino-1H-imidazole-4-carboxylate (6) via ethyl 4-diazo-4H-imidazole-5-carboxylate (7) which was coupled with primary amines.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 123
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 638-646 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thermische Zersetzung von Glycosiden, I.  -  Zersetzung typischer Triterpenoid- und SteroidglycosideDie thermische Zersetzung von Triterpenoid- und Steroidglycosiden wird beschrieben. Schon beim einfachen Erhitzen auf dem Schmelzpunktsapparat liefern typische Triterpenoid-und Steroidglycoside (einschließlich Herzglycoside und basische Steroidglycoside) ihre Aglycone und Prosapogenine durch Spaltung der Zucker-Aglycon- und Zucker-Zucker-Bindung, wie man es auch bei saurer und enzymatischer Hydrolyse beobachtet. Einige säurelabile, genuine Aglycone wurden ebenfalls nach dieser Methode erhalten. Die pyrolysierten Produkte ließen sich durch Chromatographie isolieren, und ihre Strukturen wurden spektroskopisch ermittelt.
    Notes: The thermal degradation of triterpenoid and steroid glycosides is described. By mere heating on a melting point apparatus, typical triterpenoid and steroid glycosides (involving cardiac and basic steroid glycosides) afford their aglycones and prosapogenins with the cleavage of their sugar-aglycone and sugar-sugar linkages similar to acid and enzymatic hydrolysis. Some genuine aglycones which were labile towards acids were also obtained by this procedure. The pyrolyzed products were isolated by chromatography, and the structures were elucidated by spectroscopic evidences.
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  • 124
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 655-663 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthese von Yohimbin-Derivaten, 5.  -  Enantioselektive Totalsynthese von Yohimbin- und β-Yohimbin-AntipodenDie beiden natürlichen und die nicht in der Natur vorkommenden Antipoden von Yohimbin (1) und β-Yohimbin (2) wurden aus dem tetracyclischen Ketoester 12 durch während der Racematspaltung stattfindende asymmetrische Umwandlung zweiter Ordnung synthetisiert.
    Notes: Both, natural and non-natural antipodes of yohimbine (1) and β-yohimbine (2) have been synthesized from the tetracyclic keto ester 12 using second order asymmetric transformation in its resolution step.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 125
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Branched and Chain-extended Sugars, XXX.  -  Diastereoselective Synthesis of L-glycero-D-manno-Heptose, a Constituent of the Inner Core Region of LipopolysaccharidesReaction of 2,3;5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-D-mannofuranose (1) with 2-lithio-1,3-dithiane affords diastereoselectively the 3,4;6,7-di-O-isopropylidene-D-glycero-D-galacto-heptose trimethylene dithioacetal (3). Conversion of compound 3 by a sequence of steps gives the tri-O-isopropylidene-D-glycero-D-galacto-heptit 16 which is oxidized with 1,1′-(azodicarbonyl)-dipiperidine to give the tri-O-isopropylidene-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose 17. Finally, compound 17 is transferred via the acetate 19 into the L-glycero-D-manno-heptopyranose 18.
    Notes: 2,3;5,6-Di-O-isopropyliden-D-mannofuranose (1) reagiert diastereoselektiv mit 2-Lithio-1,3-dithian zum 3,4;6,7-Di-O-isopropyliden-D-glycero-D-galacto-heptose-trimethylendithioacetal (3). Nach Umwandlung von 3 über eine Reihe von Zwischenstufen zum Tri-O-isopropyliden-D-glycero-D-galacto-heptit 16 läßt sich dieser mit 1,1′-(Azodicarbonyl)dipiperidin zur Tri-O-isopropyliden-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose 17 oxidieren. Hieraus ist über das Acetat 19 die freie L-glycero-D-manno-heptopyranose 18 zu gewinnen.
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  • 126
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 741-750 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Structure Determination of 8006-I, a Polyene Antibiotic from Amblyosporium spongiosumThe mycelia of Amblyosporium spongiosum contain orange unstable antibiotics. The structures of their main components were revealed to be 21-oxo-3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19-docosanonaenoic acid (1a) und 23-oxo-3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21-tetracosadecaenoic acid (1b) by means of spectra of their esters and hydrogenation products.
    Notes: Die Mycelien von Amblyosporium spongiosum enthalten orange instabile Antibiotica, deren Hauptkomponenten durch die Spektren ihrer Ester und deren Hydrierungsprodukte als 21-Oxo-3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19-docosanonaensäure (1a) und 23-Oxo-3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21-tetracosadecaensäure (1b) identifiziert wurden.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 127
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Stereoselective Glycosylation of Steroid Alcohols Using 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-pivaloyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl Bromide (Pivalobromoglucose) and 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-(o-toluoyl)-α-D-glucopyranosyl BromideStructurally diverse steroid alcohols possessing hydroxylic functions of electronically and sterically different reactivity and, furthermore, including sensitive groups, are effectively and selectively converted into their β-glucosides using 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-pivaloyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl bromide (1). The formation of orthoesters in suppressed in these Koenigs-Knorr type reactions due to the directing influence of the 2-pivaloyl substituent. In contrast, the o-toluoyl moiety as hydroxylic protecting group exhibits only a small directing effect.
    Notes: Steroidalkohole verschiedener Struktur, deren Hydroxyfunktionen aus elektronischen und sterischen Gründen in ihrer Reaktivität differieren und die darüber hinaus empfindliche Gruppierungen enthalten, werden mit 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-pivaloyl-α-D-glucopyranosylbromid (1) selektiv und effektiv in β-Glucoside übergeführt. Dank des lenkenden Einflusses des 2-O-Pivaloyl-Substituenten wird eine Orthoesterbildung bei den Koenigs-Knorr-Reaktionen stark unterdrückt. Mit dem o-Toluoylrest als Hydroxyschutzgruppe wird diese Lenkung nur in geringem Maß erreicht.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 128
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Polyhydroxyamino Compounds via Diene Synthesis with Nitroso Compounds, X. - trans-5,6-Dimethoxy-1,3-cyclohexadiene as Educt for the Synthesis of Optically Active Streptamine PrecursorsThe synthesis and Diels-Alder reactions of the title compound 3 with α-chloronitroso compounds (4, 7) are described. Reaction with the androstane derivative 7 leads highly stereoselectively to the adduct (+)-5a. The enantiomeric excess of this product was determined using several methods, the advantages and disadvantages of which are described.
    Notes: Die Darstellung und Diels-Alder-Reaktionen der Titelverbindung 3 mit α-Chlornitrosoverbindungen (4, 7) werden beschrieben. Bei Verwendung des Androstanderivats 7 erhält man hochstereoselektiv das Addukt (+)-5a, dessen optische Reinheit nach verschiedenen Verfahren vergleichend bestimmt wird.
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  • 129
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthese von Enol-Lactonen von 3-Aroyl-2-(thienylmethylen)propionsäuren und deren Überführung in die entsprechenden 4-Arylbenzo[b]thiophen-6-carbonsäurenHeterocyclische Aldehyde wie 2-Thiophencarbaldehyd (1) kondensieren mit 3-Aroylpropionsäuren 2 oder deren Na-Salzen zu den Enol-Lactonen 3a - d der 3-Aroyl-2-(2-thienylmethylen)propionsäuren. Isomerisierung von 3a - d führt zu den entsprechenden 4-Arylbenzo[b]thiophen-6-carbonsäuren 4a - d, deren Struktur durch unabhängige Synthese bestätigt wurde.
    Notes: Heterocyclic aldehydes such as 2-thiophenecarbaldehyde (1) condense with 3-aroylpropionic acids 2 or their sodium salts to give the enol lactones 3a - d of 3-aroyl-2-(2-thienylmethylene)propionic acids. Isomerization of 3a - d leads to the corresponding 4-arylbenzo[b]-thiophene-6-carboxylic acids 4a - d. The structure of the latter is confirmed by an independent synthesis.
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  • 130
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1030-1043 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Amino Acids, 6. - Investigations on the Synthesis of L-SaccharopineN-Alkyl-5-oxoproline esters 4 or 6 are obtained by alkyl desilylation of N-trimethylsilyl-5-oxoproline esters 2 with 6- or 2-halohexanoates 3, 5 in the presence of KF and [18]crown-6. The higher reactivity of the 2-halo compounds 5 is established from competitive reactions of 2a with 3, 5 or the 2,6-dihalohexanoates 7, 8. Alkylation of 2a with methyl 6-bromo-2-phthalimidohexanoate (11), followed by removal of the phthaloyl group and hydrolysis, yields a mixture of the diastereomers pyrosaccharopine (13) and allosaccharopine (14a). - The optically pure hydroxyglutarates (2R)-15b and (2S)-15b are transformed into the respective triflates 18. These are treated with the Nα-protected lysine ester (S)-16b to give the esters 14b and 17b, which upon acid hydrolysis afford enantiomerically pure D-allosaccharopine (2R,5′S)-14a and L-saccharopine (2S,5′S)-14a.
    Notes: Alkyldesilylierung von N-Trimethylsilyl-5-oxoprolinestern 2 mit 6- bzw. 2-Halogenhexansäureestern 3 bzw. 5 führt in Gegenwart von KF und [18]Krone-6 zu den entsprechenden N-Alkyl-5-oxoprolinestern 4 bzw. 6. Kompetitive Umsetzungen von 2a mit 3 bzw. 5 sowie mit den 2,6-Dihalogenhexansäureestern 7, 8 zeigen eindeutig die höhere Reaktivität der 2-gegenüber den 6-Halogenverbindungen. Alkylierung von 2a mit 6-Brom-2-phthalimidohexansäure-methylester (11) ergibt nach Abspaltung der Phthaloylschutzgruppe und saurer Hydrolyse ein Diastereomerengemisch aus Pyrosaccharopin (13) und Allosaccharopin (14a). - Ausgehend von den enantiomerenreinen 2-Hydroxyglutarsäureestern (2R)-15b und (2S)-15b können über die Triflate 18 durch Umsetzung mit dem Nα-geschützten Lysinester (S)-16b die Ester 14b bzw. 17b hergestellt werden, die nach saurer Hydrolyse enantiomerenreines D-Allosaccharopin [(2R,5′S)-14a] bzw. L-Saccharopin [2S,5′S)-14a] ergeben.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 131
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1098-1103 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1,2,3,4,5,5-Hexamethyl-6-methylenecyclohexa-1,3-diene and 1,2,3,4,4,5-Hexamethyl-6-methylenebicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-eneThe title compounds 3 and 5, respectively, have been synthesized. On treatment of 3 with acids rapid isomerization to 2 takes place. Rearrangement of 5 to homofulvene 4 occurs at 60°C within 3 hours.
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  • 132
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Addition von Crotylchrom(II) und Dilithium-propionat an (R)-2,3-O-Isopropylidenglycerinaldehyd: sterischer Ablauf und Anwendung in einer formalen Synthese von (+)- und (-)-δ-MultistriatinBei der Addition an (R)-2,3-O-Isopropylidenglycerinaldehyd (1) zeigt das Chrom(II)-Salz 4a von Crotylbromid hohe enantiofaciale und geringe diastereofaciale (d. h. Cram-)Selektivität, während sich Dilithium-propionat (9) entgegengesetzt verhält. Die Addukte 5, 7 und 10 lassen sich zu einer formale Synthese beider Antipoden des Insektenpheromons δ-Multistriatin (30) verwenden.
    Notes: The chromium(II) salt 4a of crotyl bromide adds to (R)-2,3-O-isopropylideneglyceraldehyde (1) with high enantiofacial and low diastereofacial (i. e. Cram) selectivity, whereas dilithium propionate (9) shows the opposite behaviour. The adducts 5, 7, and 10 can be used in a formal synthesis of both enantiomers of the insect pheromone δ-multistriatin (30).
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  • 133
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1213-1221 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 2′-Deoxyribofuranosides of 6-Oxoallopurinol and of Related 4,6-Disubstituted Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines(2′-Deoxyribofuranosyl)-6-oxoallopurinolide (3) as well as the 4,6-substituted amino and methoxy derivatives 7b and 8 have been prepared by nucleophilic displacement reaction of the dimethoxynucleoside 7a. The latter was obtained by phase-transfer glycosylation of the nucleobase derivatives 5a, b or 5c with the halogenose 4 and subsequent detoluoylization with sodium methoxide. From the 13C-NMR spectrum of oxoallopurinol it was deduced that this compound does not exist as 1H but as 2H tautomer 9 in aprotic media exhibiting the same proton pattern like the 7H-tautomeric structure of xanthine. Hydrolysis experiments showed that compound 3 is approximately as stable at the N-glycosylic bond as the 2′-deoxyribofuranoside of 8-aza-7-deazaguanine.
    Notes: (2′-Desoxyribofuranosyl)-6-oxoallopurinol (3) sowie 4,6-substituierte Amino- oder Methoxyabkömmlinge wie 7b und 8 wurden durch nucleophile Substitution aus dem Dimethoxy-nucleosid 7a dargestellt. Letzteres erhält man durch Phasentransferglycosylierung der Nucleobasen-Derivate 5a, b oder 5c mit der Halogenose 4, gefolgt von Detoluoylierung mit Natriummethoxid. Das 13C-NMR-Spektrum von Oxoallopurinol zeigt, daß die Verbindung im aprotischen Medium nicht als 1H-sondern als 2H-Tautomer 9 vorliegt und damit das gleiche Protonenmuster wie das als 7H-Tautomer vorliegende Xanthin besitzt. An der N-glycosylischen Bindung ist 3 etwa so stabil wie das entsprechende 8-Aza-7-desazaguanin-2′-desoxyribofuranosid.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 134
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Enantioselective Synthesis of Cyclopentanoids, II. - Asymmetric Synthesis of a Novel Homochiral Prostaglandin Building Unit via Bridgehead Enolates with Bicyclo[3.3.0]octane SkeletonStarting from the enantiomerically pure 1H-cyclopenta[c]furanone derivative 7a a new prostaglandin building block, the homochiral α-methylenecyclopentanone 1, which should allow the enantioselective synthesis of prostaglandins 5 and prostacyclins 6, has been synthesized via the 1H-cyclopenta[c]furanone derivatives 8a, 11a, and 20 and the cyclopentane derivatives 23 and 24. The configuration and conformations of the hydroxy ester derivatives 8 and 9, which establish the stereochemistry of 1, have been determined by X-ray structural analysis, 1H-NMR spectroscopy, and force-field calculations. The key step of the sequence leading to 1 is the hydroxylation of the bridgehead enolate 19 to yield the hydroxy lactone 20. Investigations of 19 and the analogous enolates 13a - c in connection with literature data reveal that bridgehead enolates of the bicycle[3.3.0]octane type react with electrophiles with over 95% diastereofacial selectivity to give the cis-fused bridgehead-substituted bicycle[3.3.0]octane derivatives. Force-field calculations of the enolates 17a and 18 indicate that the high π-facial selection of 13, 19, and analogous enolates is due not only to steric but also to stereoelectronic effects, because contrary to 18 a nonplanar enolate fragment was found for 17a, - 1 reacts with the cuprate 25 to yield the homochiral cyclopentanone derivative 26 having 2α-configuration. With the synthesis of 29c from 11a protocol for the stereoselective attachment of ω-side chains to 3 was successfully tested.
    Notes: Ausgehend von dem enantiomerenreinen 1H-Cyclopenta[c]furanon-Derivat 7a gelingt über die Stufen der 1H-Cyclopenta[c]furanon-Derivate 8a, 11a und 20 sowie der Cyclopentan-Derivate 23 und 24 die Synthese eines neuen Prostaglandin-Bausteins, des homochiralen α-Methylencyclopentanons 1, das in einer 1,4-Additions-Carbonylolefinierungs-Sequenz die enantioselektive Synthese von Prostaglandinen 5 und Prostacyclinen 6 ermöglichen sollte. Konfiguration und Konformationen der Hydroxyester-Derivate 8 und 9, die die Stereochemie von 1 festlegen, wurden durch Röntgenstruktur-Analyse, 1H-NMR-Spektroskopie und Kraftfeldrechnungen ermittelt. Zentraler Schritt der zu 1 führenden Synthesefolge ist die Hydroxylierung des Brückenkopf-Enolates 19 zum Hydroxylacton 20. Untersuchungen an 19 und den analogen Enolaten 13a - c in Verbindung mit Literaturdaten ergeben, daß Brückenkopf-Enolate von Bicyclo[3.3.0]octan-Typ mit Elektrophilen mit über 95% diastereofacialer Selektivität zu den cis-verknüpften substituierten Bicyclen reagieren. Nach Kraftfeldrechnungen der Enolate 17a und 18 sind für die hohe π-faciale Selektion von 13a - c, 19 und analoger Verbindungen vermutlich nicht nur sterische sondern auch stereoelektronische Gründe maßgebend, da für 17a im Gegensatz zu 18 ein nichtplanares Enolat-Fragment resultiert. - 1 reagiert mit dem Cuprat 25 zum homochiralen Cyclopentanon-Derivat 26 mit 2α-Konfiguration. Mit der Synthese von 29c aus 11a wurde ein Weg zur stereoselektiven Anbindung von ω-Seitenketten an 3 erfolgreich erprobt.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 135
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reaktionen an Indolderivaten, LIV. - Enantioselektive Totalsynthese des (19Z)-Geissoschizins sowie des (16R,19Z)- und (16S,19Z)-IsositsirikinsAusgehend vom leicht zugänglichen, enantiomerenreinen Lactam 2 gelingt die Totalsynthese von (19Z)-Geissoschizin (9), das durch Natrium-tetrahydroborat-Reduktion in (16R,19Z)- und (16S,19Z)-Isositsirikin 5 übergeführt werden kann.
    Notes: Starting from the easily available, enantiomerically pure lactam 2 (19Z)-geissoschizine (9) is prepared. On sodium tetrahydroborate reduction 9 is transformed into (16R,19Z)- and (16S,19Z)-isositsirikine 5.
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  • 136
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Studien über die Bestandteile von Jateorhiza palmata Miers (Colombo-Wurzel), I. - Isolierung und Struktur eines neuen Furanoid-Diterpenglucosids (Palmatosid A)Einschließlich der fünf bereits bekannten Diterpenoide Columbin (2), Isocolumbin (3), Chasmantin (4), Palmarin (5) und Isojateorin (6), ließ sich ein neues, Palmatosid A (1) genanntes Furanoid-Diterpenglucosid aus der getrockneten Wurzel von Jateorhiza palmata Miers (Colombo-Wurzel) isolieren. Auf Grund von chemischen und spektroskopischen Beweisen wurde die Struktur von 1 als 4-O-(β-D-Glucopyranosyl)palmarin ermittelt.
    Notes: In addition to five already known diterpenoids, columbin (2), isocolumbin (3), chasmanthin (4), plamarin (5), and isojateorin (6), a new furanoid diterpene glucoside named plamatoside A (1) was isolated from the dried roots of Jateorhiza palmata Miers (Colombo root). The structure of 1 was elucidated by chemical and spectroscopic evidence to be 4-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)palmarin.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 137
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Versuche zur Herstellung von 6-Hydroxy-, 6-Methoxy- und 6-(Hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-diazepinium-Salzen sowie von 1,2-Dihydro-5-(hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxopyrimidinium-SalzenDie Herstellung einiger 2,3-Dihydro-6-(hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-diazepinium-Salze (11c - f) und 1,2-Dihydro-5-(hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxopyrimidinium-Salze (17a, b) ausgehend von 3-(Hydroxyphenyl)vinamidinium-Salzen (10b, c) wird beschrieben. Versuche zur Herstellung eines 3-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)vinamidinium-Salzes führten stattdessen zu einer Mischung formylsubstituierter Benzofuranone (15 and 16). Versuche zur Darstellung von 2,3-Dihydro-6-hydroxy-1,4-diazepiniumsalzen (1a - c) ergaben anstatt der gewünschten 1,4-Diazepiniumsalze andere Produkte; 2,3-Dihydro-6-methoxy-1,4-diazepinium-Salze (7a, b) konnten jedoch erhalten werden.
    Notes: The preparation of a number of 2,3-dihydro-6-(hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-diazepinium salts (11c - f) and of 1,2-dihydro-5-(hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxopyrimidinium salts (17a, b) from 3-(hydroxyphenyl)vinamidinium salts (10b, c) is described. Attempted preparation of a 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)vinamidinium salt gave instead a mixture of formyl-substituted benzofuranones (15 and 16). Attempted preparation of 2,3-dihydro-6-hydroxy-1,4-diazepinium salts (1a - c) provided products other than diazepinium salts, but 2,3-dihydro-6-methoxy-1,4-diazepinium salts (7a, b) were prepared.
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  • 138
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1456-1465 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of Trialkylsilyl Trifluoromethanesulfonates, V. - Synthesis and Reactions of N,N-Bis(trialkylsiloxy)-1-alken-1-aminesNitroalkanes 1 react with trialkylsilyl triflates 2 in the presence of triethylamine to yield N,N-bis(trialkylsiloxy)-1-alken-1-amines (nitrosoalkene acetals) 4, which are rearranged to give 2-(trialkylsiloxy)oxime O-trialkylsilyl ethers 6 by heating or by Lewis acids. 2-Amino-aldoxime O-trialkylsilyl ethers 8 or 2-aminoaldoximes 9 are obtained by reaction of amines 7 with the acetals 4.
    Notes: Nitroalkane 1 reagieren mit Trialkylsilyl-triflaten 2 in Gegenwart von Triethylamin zu N,N-Bis(trialkylsiloxy)-1-alken-1-aminen (Nitrosoalken-acetale) 4, die thermisch oder durch Lewis-Säuren in 2-(Trialkylsiloxy)oxim-O-trialkylsilylether 6 umgelagert werden. Durch Umsetzung der Acetale 4 mit Aminen 7 erhält man 2-Aminoaldoxim-O-trialkylsilylether 8 bzw. 2-Aminoaldoxime 9.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 139
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1474-1477 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Rudbeckiolide, a Dimeric Sesquiterpene Lactone from Rudbeckia laciniataRoots of Rudbeckia laciniata afforded in addition to known compounds minute amounts of an unusual dimeric sesquiterpene lactone (9). Its constitution was elucidated by detailed 1H NMR spectroscopy, and the stereochemistry followed from the couplings observed and especially from the results of NOE difference spectroscopy.
    Notes: Wurzeln von Rudbeckia laciniata ergeben neben bekannten Verbindungen in sehr kleiner Menge ein ungewöhnliches dimeres Sesquiterpenlacton (9). Dessen Konstitution konnte durch eingehende 1H-NMR-spektroskopische Untersuchungen, die Stereochemie aus den beobachteten Kopplungen sowie vor allem durch die Ergebnisse der NOE-Differenzspektroskopie geklärt werden.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 140
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Asymmetrische Synthesen über heterocyclische Zwischenstufen, XXXI. - Asymmetrische Synthese verschiedener nicht-proteinogener Aminosäure-methylester (funktionalisiert in der Kohlenstoffkette) und Aminosäuren nach dem Bislactimether-VerfahrenDie lithiierten Bislactimether 5, 10, 12 und 23 wurden mit verschiedenartigen Alkylhalogeniden 6 zu den alkylierten Bislactimethern 7, 11, 13 und 24 umgesetzt. Die asymmetrischen Induktionen bei der Alkylierung sind relativ hoch (bis zu 99%). Bei der Hydrolyse der alkylierten Bislactimether erhielt man die optisch aktiven Aminosäure-methylester 8, 14 oder 25, von denen einige zu den Aminosäuren weiter hydrolysiert wurden.
    Notes: The lithiated bislactim ethers 5, 10, 12, and 23 were alkylated with a variety of alkylating agents 6 to give the alkylated bislactim ethers 7, 11, 13, and 24 with a high degree of asymmetric induction (up to 99%). Upon hydrolysis these furnished the optically active amino acid methyl esters of type 8, 14, or 25. Some of these amino acid esters were further hydrolyzed to yield the amino acids.
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  • 141
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 2164-2178 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses of Antileukemic (Indolylvinyl)indolesThe dinitrile 8a with the skeleton of 2-[(E)-2-(2-indolyl)vinyl]indole is synthesized by various routes; by a simple procedure [(6-cyano-2-indolyl)methyl]- and [(5-cyano-2-indolyl)methyl]triphenylphosphonium bromide (4d and 5c) are prepared and with them the dinitriles 8a, 9a, and 10a and further the derived antileukemic imidazolinyl compounds 8b, 9b, and 10b. With the isomeric skeletons of 6-[(E)-2-(2-indolyl)vinyl]indole and of 6-[(E)-2-(6-indolyl)vinyl]indole the imidazolinyl compounds 18b and 19b are synthesized.
    Notes: Das Dinitril 8a mit dem Gerüst des 2-[(E)-2-(2-Indolyl)vinyl]indols wird auf verschiedenen Wegen synthetisiert; in einfacher Verfahrensweise werden [(6-Cyan-2-indolyl)methyl]- und [(5-Cyan-2-indolyl)methyl]triphenylphosphoniumbromid (4d und 5c) dargestellt und mit ihnen die Dinitrile 8a 9a und 10a sowie ferner die zugehörigen, antileukämischen Imidazolinyl-Verbindungen 8b, 9b und 10b. Mit den isomeren Gerüsten des 6-[(E)-2-(2-Indolyl)-vinyl]indols und des 6-[(E)-2-(6-Indolyl)vinyl]indols werden die Imidazolinyl-Verbindungen 18b und 19b synthetisiert.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 142
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Pteridines, LXXXIII. - Isolation and Structural Elucidation of Euglenapterin from Euglena gracilisThree new unusual pteridine derivatives have been isolated from Euglena gracilis. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic means and by synthesis as N2,N2-dimethyl-6-(L-threo-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)pterin (9) and its 3′-monophosphate 16 and 2′,3′-cyclophosphate 15. The 2-dimethylamino group was found for the first time in a naturally occurring pterin.
    Notes: Aus Euglena gracilis werden drei neue ungewöhnliche Pteridine isoliert und ihre Strukturen als N2,N2-Dimethyl-6-(L-threo-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)pterin (9) sowie dessen 3′-Monophosphat 16 und 2′,3′-Cyclophosphat 15 durch spektroskopische Methoden und Synthese gesichert. Die 2-Dimethylamino-Funktion wurde damit erstmals in einem natürlichen Pterin nachgewiesen.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 143
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Phosphorpentoxid in der Organischen Synthese, XXIX. - Synthese von 4-Arylamino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]chinolinen und entsprechenden N-Mannich-Basen4-Arylamino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]chinoline 2 lassen sich aus 5-Amino-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonsäure-ethylester (1) und Cyclohexanon durch Erhitzen in einer Mischung aus P4O10, N,N-Dimethylcyclohexylamin und einem geeigneten Arylamin-hydrochlorid herstellen (8 - 52% Ausbeute). Umsetzung von 2 mit Formaldehyd und sekundären Aminen ergibt die Mannich-Basen 3 zu 45 - 94%. Versuche, die Verbindungen 2 in den Positionen 5,6,7 und 8 nach einer früher benutzten Methode zu dehydrieren, scheiterten.
    Notes: 4-Arylamino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinolines 2 have been synthesized from ethyl 5-amino-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate (1) and cyclohexanone by heating in a reagent mixture of P4O10, N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, and an appropriate arylamine hydrochloride (8 - 52% yield). Reaction of 2 with formaldehyde and secondary amines afforded the Mannich bases 3 in 45 - 94% yield. Attempts to prepare the 5,6,7,8-dehydrogenated analogues of 2 using a previously adopted method failed.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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  • 144
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1765-1771 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Biologically Active Products from Mould Fungi, 35. - Total Synthesis of CochliodinolFor cochliodinol (1), being a representative of biologically active products with bis(indolyl)quinone structure, a six-step total synthesis is described for the first time.
    Notes: Für Cochliodinol (1), den Repräsentanten einer Wirkstoffgruppe mit Bis(indolyl)chinon-Struktur, wird erstmalig eine sechsstufige Totalsynthese beschrieben.
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  • 145
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1749-1764 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions with 2-Aza-1,3-butadiene Derivatives, 1. - A Novel and Particularly Easy Synthesis of Centrally Acting β-Carboline DerivativesSubstituted β-carboline derivatives 6, recently having provoked strong interest in medicinal chemistry due to their benzodiazepine receptor affinity, are easily synthesized from substituted indoles 4 and 2-aza-1,3-butadienes 3. Under mild reaction conditions dehydrotryptophan derivatives 5 can be isolated. Scope, limitation, and mechanism of this method are discussed.
    Notes: Substituierte β-Carboline 6, die kürzlich wegen ihrer Benzodiazepinrezeptor-Affinität starkes Interesse in der Arzneimittelforschung erweckten, werden aus substituierten Indolen 4 und 2-Aza-1,3-butadienen 3 leicht synthetisiert. Bei milder Reaktionsführung können Dehydrotryptophan-Derivate 5 isoliert werden. Umfang, Grenzen und Mechanismus dieser Methode werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 146
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1779-1786 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: A Novel, Facile Access to Noradamantane DerivativesA novel cyclisation reaction allows the insertion of a carbonyl bridge between C-3 and C-7 of the bicyclo[3.3.0]octane skeleton in high yield and thus provides facile, efficient access to variably substituted noradamantanes.
    Notes: Eine neuartige Cyclisierungsreaktion ermöglicht in hoher Ausbeute den Einbau einer Brükken-Carbonylfunktion zwischen C-3 und C-7 des Bicyclo[3.3.0]octan-Gerüstes und eröffnet damit einen einfachen, effizienten Zugang zu variabel substituierten Noradamantanen.
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  • 147
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1796-1803 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of a Thieno[3,4-c]isothiazole with 1,2,4-Triazoline-3,5-diones and AlkynesThe reactions of the title compound 1 with the 1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-diones 4a, b as well as with dibenzoylethyne and bis(diethylamino)ethyne lead to the formation of the heterocycles 5, 7, and 12.
    Notes: Die Reaktionen der Titelverbindung 1 mit den 1,2,4-Triazolin-3,5-dionen 4a, b sowie mit Dibenzoylethin und Bis(diethylamino)ethin führen zu den Heterocyclen 5, 7 und 12.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 148
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1823-1836 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Stereoselektive intramolekulare Nitron-Cycloaddition bei der Synthese von Lasubin IIDie intramolekulare Cycloaddition α-substituierter N-Alkenylnitrone 2 führt zu den 7-Oxa-1-azanorbornanen 6, 7 und 8 mit einer Selektivität von ca. 80% zugunsten des exo,exo-disubstituierten Isomeren 6. Diese Verbindungen lassen sich leicht zu den all-cis-2,6-disubstituierten 4-Hydroxypiperidinen 4 reduzieren, die geeignete Edukte für die Synthese bestimmter Alkaloide sind. Dies wurde durch die Synthese von Lasubin II belegt
    Notes: The intramolecular cycloaddition of α-substituted N-alkenylnitrones 2 leads to the 7-oxa-1-azanorbornanes 6, 7, and 8 with a selectivity of ca. 80% in favor of the exo,exo-disubstituted compound 6. The latter can be reduced to give the all-cis-2,6-disubstituted 4-hydroxypiperidines 4 which are key compounds for the synthesis of certain alkaloids as demonstrated by the synthesis of lasubine II.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 149
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Glycosylierungen von Pyrazino[2,3-c]-1,2,6-thiadiazin-2,2-dioxiden zu Schwefeldioxid-Analogen von Pteridin-NucleosidenDie Pyrazino[2,3-c]-1,2,6-thiadiazin-2,2-dioxide 1, 2 und 3 werden als Trimethylsilyl-Derivate mit 1-O-Acetylribose-Derivaten glycosyliert. 1 liefert ein Gemisch der N-1- und N-8-Monoriboside sowie das N-1,4-N-Diribosid, wobei die Produktverteilung von den Reaktionsbedingungen abhängt. Mit den 6,7-disubstituierten Pyrazino[2,3-c]-1,2,6-thiadiazinen 2 und 3 werden lediglich die N-1-Monoriboside gebildet. Die Strukturen der neu synthetisierten Verbindungen werden auf der Basis der UV-, 1H-NMR- und 2D-NMR-Spektren diskutiert und gesichert.
    Notes: Pyrazino[2,3-c]-1,2,6-thiadiazine 2,2-dioxides 1, 2, and 3 have been glycosylated as their trimethylsilyl derivatives with 1-O-acetyl derivatives of ribose. 1 leads to mixtures of N-1 and N-8 monoribosides and N-1,4-N diribosides, the relative proportions depending on the reaction conditions used. However, in the case of 6,7-disubstituted pyrazinothiadiazines 2 and 3 only the N-1 monoribosides have been obtained. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds are discussed on the basis of UV, 1H NMR and 2D homonuclear NMR data.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 150
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Photochemical Formation of Methylenecyclopropane Analogues, XII(1). - Synthesis of 3,5,5-Trialkyl-3,5-dihydro-4H-1,2,3-triazol-4-ones(2)The reaction between the alkyl azides 12 and the lithium enolates 11 of the esters 9 affords a 60-70% yield of the 3,5,5-trialkyl-3,5-dihydro-4H-1,2,3-triazol-4-ones 4. The spectroscopic data and the electron-impact-induced decomposition of 4 are discussed.
    Notes: Umsetzung der Lithium-esterenolate 11 mit den Alkylaziden 12 ergibt die 3,5,5-Trialkyl-3,5-dihydro-4H-1,2,3-triazol-4-one 4 mit 60-70% Ausbeute. Die spektroskopischen Daten und der Elektronenstroß-induzierte Zerfall von 4 werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 151
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1910-1913 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Rearrangement of 2-Allyl-5(2H)-oxazolones into Tetrahydro-3H-furo[3,4-b]pyrrole Derivatives Catalyzed by Lewis AcidsBy Lewis acid catalysis the 2-allyl-5(2H)-oxazolones 1 and 4 rearrange to 6-oxo-3a,4,6,6a-tetrahydro-3H-furo[3,4-b]pyrroles 3 and 5, respectively. The structure of these compounds has been established from their spectroscopic data and by hydrogenation of 5 to the lactone 6. A mechanism for this rearrangement is proposed.
    Notes: Unter Katalyse von Lewis-Säuren lagern sich die 2-Allyl-5(2H)-oxazolone 1 und 4 zu den 6-Oxo-3a,4,6,6,6a-tetrahydro-3H-furo[3,4-b]pyrrolen 3 bzw. 5 um. Die Konstitution dieser Verbindungen wird durch die spektroskopischen Daten und die Hydrogenolyse von 5 zum Lacton 6 bewiesen. Ein Mechanismus für die Umlagerung wird postuliert.
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  • 152
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: C=C-Bond Formation by Lewis Acid Induced Cyclopropane Ring Cleavage - New Routes to Highly Substituted Furan(one) DerivativesActivation by stoichiometric quantities of titanium tetrachloride allows addition of ketones to methyl 2-siloxycyclopropanecarboxylates 1, which affords hydroxyalkylation products 3/4 under ring cleavage. There are, however, restrictions regarding the cyclopropanes 1, but aromatic as well as aliphatic ketones can be employed in this homo-aldol reaction. With 3a/4a as an example it is demonstrated that trifunctional compounds 3/4 are versatile starting materials for highly substituted tetrahydrofuran, dihydrofuran, and γ-butyrolactone derivatives. Synthetically most interesting are reactions of γ-lactols 4 with silylated nucleophiles in the presence of Et2O—BF3 providing functionalized tetrahydrofurans 9, 11, and 12 in excellent yield and high diastereoselectivity.
    Notes: Aktivierung durch stöchiometrische Mengen Titantetrachlorid erlaubt die Addition von Ketonen an 2-Siloxycyclopropancarbonsäureester 1, die unter Ringöffnung die Hydroxyalkylierungsprodukte 3/4 liefert. Während bei den verwendbaren Cyclopropanen 1 Einschräkungen herrschen, sind sowohl aromatische als auch aliphatische Ketone in dieser Homo-Aldoladdition einsetzbar. Anhand von 3a/4a wird gezeigt, daß die trifunktionellen Verbindungen 3/4a vielseitige Ausgangsmaterialien für hochsubstituierte Tetrahydrofuran-, Dihydrofuran- sowie γ-Butyrolacton-Derivate darstellen. Synthetisch besonders interessant sind die mit hoher Diastereoselektivität verlaufenden Reaktionen der γ-Lactole 4 mit silylierten Nucleophilen in Gegenwart von Et2O—BF3, die funktionalisierte Tetrahydrofurane 9, 11 und 12 in sehr guten Ausbeuten ergeben.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 153
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1950-1955 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Peptide Synthesis at Elevated Temperature Free of RacemisationN-Tritylamino acid 1-benzotriazolyl esters resist racemisation during coupling with amino components at 30-80°C in the presence of excess triethylamine.
    Notes: N-Tritylaminosäure-(1-benzotriazolylester) 1 werden bei 30-80°C in Gegenwart von überschüssigem Triethylamin racemisierungsfrei an Amino-Komponenten gekuppelt.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 154
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 251-268 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chiral α-FerrocenylalkylaminesThe preparation of chiral α-ferrocenylalkylamines by resolution of the racemates is described. In some cases both of the enantiomers can be obtained with the aid of a single chiral reagent. The diastereoselective syntheses of α-ferrocenylalkylamines with two chiral centres apply kinetics and thermodynamics of the reactions of α-ferrocenylalkyl carbocations. The amines thus prepared have been tested as chiral inducing templates in the synthesis of models of peptides by stereoselective four-component condensation.
    Notes: Die Darstellung chiraler α-Ferrocenylalkylamine durch Enantiomerentrennung wird beschrieben. In manchen Fällen gelingt es, beide Enantiomere mit einem einzigen chiralen Reagens rein zu erhalten. Bei der diastereoselektiven Synthese von α-Ferrocenylalkylaminen mit zwei Chiralitätszentren werden Kinetik und Thermodynamik der Reaktionen von α-Ferrocenylalkyl-Carbokationen ausgenützt. Die dargestellten Amine wurden auf ihre Eignung als chiral induzierende Hilfsstoffe bei der Synthese von Modellpeptiden durch stereoselektive Vierkomponentenkondensation untersucht.
    Additional Material: 10 Tab.
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  • 155
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Untersuchungen über Aminosäuren und Peptide, 9.  -  5-Thioxoprolin und 5-Thioxoprolinester.  -  Synthese und Kristallstrukturen5-Thioxoprolin (2a) wurde aus 5-Oxoprolin (1a) bei Raumtemperatur unter Verwendung von 2,4-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,2,4-dithiadiphosphetan-2,4-disulfid (3) in DME synthetisiert. Die milden Reaktionsbedingungen erforderten keinen Schutz der Carboxygruppe. 5-Thioxoprolinester werden entweder durch O → S-Austausch der entsprechenden 5-Oxoprolinester mit 3 oder durch Veresterung von 2a erhalten. Die Verbindungen 2a und 5-Thioxoprolin-methylester (2b) kristallisieren in der Raumgruppe P212121 mit Z = 8. Die Bindungsbstände und -winkel werden verglichen. Die kleinen Differenzen sind durch unterschiedliche Wasserstoffbrückenmuster zu erklären.
    Notes: 5-Thioxoproline (2a) is synthesized from 5-oxoproline (1a) at room temperature with 2,4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,2,4-dithiadiphosphetane 2,4-disulfide (3) in DME. The carboxy group requires no protection because of the mild reaction conditions. 5-Thioxoproline esters are synthesized either by thionation of the corresponding 5-oxoproline esters with 3 or by esterification of 2a. Compounds 2a and 5-thioxoproline methyl ester (2b) both crystallize in the space group P212121 with Z = 8. Bond lengths and angles in the compounds are compared, and the small differences explained by differences in hydrogen bond pattern.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 156
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 299-304 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reaktionen mit stabilen Phenoxyl-RadikalenWasserstoffabstraktion bei aktiven Methyl-, Methylen- und Methinverbindungen mit 4-Methoxy-2,6-diphenylphenoxyl erwies sich als geeignetes Verfahren zur Synthese von Ethern des 4-Methoxy-2,6-diphenylphenols. Bei dreifach aktivierten Methinverbindungen erfolgt hauptsächlich Dimerisierung (C—C-Verknüpfung) der durch H-Abstraktion gebildeten Radikale.
    Notes: Hydrogen abstraction from activated methyl, methylene, and methine compounds with 4-methoxy-2,6-diphenylphenoxyl proved to be a useful approach for the synthesis of the corresponding ethers of 4-methoxy-2,6-diphenylphenol. With triple activated methine compounds dehydrogenation mainly results in C—C dimerization of the radicals.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 157
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 292-298 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Aminoethynylation, 6.  -  Reactions of (Stannylethynyl)amines with some Carbocations and SN1-active Alkyl HalogenidesThe triarylmethyl chlorides 3, 4, the cyclopropenylium bromide 7, and the 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazolium chloride 12 react with the (stannylethynyl)amines 1 and 2 by substitution of the stannyl group to give the (triarylmethyl)ynamines 5 and 6, the (2-cyclopropen-1-yl)-ynamine 9c, and the ynamines 13. The water addition products (14, 15) and the tosyl azide adducts (16, 18) of some new ynamines are synthesized.
    Notes: Die Triarylmethylchloride 3, 4, Cyclopropenyliumbromid 7 sowie 4,5-Dihydro-1H-imidazoliumchlorid 12 reagieren mit den (Stannylethinyl)aminen 1 und 2 unter Substitution der Stannylgruppe zu den (Triarylmethyl)inaminen 5 und 6, zum (2-Cyclopropen-1-yl)inamin 9c und zu den Inaminen 13. Von einigen der neuen Inamine wurden die Wasseradditionsprodukte (14, 15) und die Tosylazid-Addukte (16, 18) dargestellt.
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  • 158
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 314-333 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Amino Acids, 4.  -  Enantioselective Synthesis of N-Substituted α-Amino Carboxylic Acids from α-Hydroxy Carboxylic AcidsWith primary and secondary amines, the (S)-α-(trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy) carboxylates (S)-3 afford in an SN2 reaction the N-substituted (R)-α-amino carboxylates (R)-5, (R)-9, and (R)-12, resp. The rates of α-substituted ethyl propionates decrease in the order of the substituents triflate (3a) ≫ bromide (8a) 〉 mesylate (7a) ≧ tosylate (7b) 〉 chloride (8b); in the reactions with amines, decreasing reactivity affords increasing racemisation and elimination as a consequence of the more drastic conditions which are required.
    Notes: (S)-α-(Trifluormethylsulfonyloxy)carbonsäureester (S)-3 reagieren mit primären und sekundären Aminen im Sinne einer SN2-Reaktion zu den N-substituierten (R)-α-Aminocarbonsäureestern (R)-5, (R)-9 bzw. (R)-12. Die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit verschiedener in α-Stellung substituierter Propionsäure-ethylester mit Benzylamin nimmt in der Reihenfolge der Substituenten Triflat (3a) ≫ Bromid (8a) 〉 Mesylat (7a) ≧ Tosylat (7b) 〉 Chlorid (8b) deutlich ab. Abnehmende Reaktivität führt bei der Umsetzung mit Aminen aufgrund der erforderlichen härteren Bedingungen in zunehmendem Maße zu Racemisierung und Eliminierung.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
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  • 159
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Biologisch aktive Glycoside aus Asteroidea, X.  -  Steroid-Oligoglycoside aus dem Seestern Acanthaster planci L., 3.  -  Strukturen von vier neuen Oligoglycosid-SulfatenDie als Acanthaglycosid B (4), C (5), D (6), und F (7) benannten vier neuen genuinen Steroid-Oligoglycosidsulfate wurden aus ganzen Seesternen Acanthaster planci L. isoliert. Chemische und spektroskopische Befunde belegen die Strukturen der Sulfate 4-7.
    Notes: Four new genuine oligoglycoside sulfates, named acanthaglycoside B (4), C (5), D (6), and F (7) were isolated from whole bodies of the starfish Acanthaster planci L. The structures of the sulfates 4-7 were determined by chemical and spectroscopic evidences.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 160
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Eine einfache Synthesevorschrift für Insektenwachstumsregulatoren.  -  Cyclopenten-Analoge von (2E,4E)-DodecadiensäureesternAusgehend von den Aldehyden 7 und Methylvinylketon werden die Titelverbindungen 3a-d und deren entsprechende 2Z-Isomeren 16a-d in drei Stufen hergestellt: (1) Thiazoliumsalz-katalysierte Addition zu den Diketonen 8, (2) cyclisierende Aldolreaktion zu den entsprechenden Cyclopentenonen 11, (3) Wittig-Horner-Reaktion. Dadurch ließen sich 5-substituierte 2,4-Pentadienoate aufbauen. Ferner werden die Ergebnisse von Pestizid-Eignungstests mitgeteilt.
    Notes: Starting with the aldehydes 7 and methyl vinyl ketone the title compounds 3a-d and their corresponding 2Z isomers 16a-d are prepared in three steps: (1) thiazolium salt-catalyzed addition reaction to yield the diketone 8, (2) cyclocondensation reaction to give the corresponding cyclopentenone 11, and (3) Wittig-Horner reaction. This procedure is used to synthesize the 5-substituted 2,4-pentadienoates 3f-i. The results from pesticide screening are also reported.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 161
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 932-937 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: A New Synthesis of BromodeoxysugarsProtected pyranoid and furanoid carbohydrates with free vicinal cis-hydroxy groups react in a one-pot reaction with dichloromethylene(dimethyl)ammonium chloride (Viehe salt), iron(III) chloride, tribenzylamine, and then with lithium bromide to produce regio- and stereoselectively in high yields the corresponding inverse bromodeoxy-carbamoyl-saccharides.
    Notes: Geschützte pyranoide und furanoide Kohlenhydrate mit freier vicinaler cis-Diolgruppe werden in einem Eintopfverfahren in Tetrahydrofuran mit Dichlormethylen(dimethyl)ammoniumchlorid (Viehe-Salz), Eisen(III)-chlorid, Tribenzylamin und nachfolgend mit Lithiumbromid regio- und stereoselektiv in hohen Ausbeuten in die entsprechenden inversen Bromdesoxy-carbamoyl-saccharide übergeführt.
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  • 162
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 944-946 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Derivatives of Pentaerythritol, V. - Synthesis of Dimethylolacetic AcidStarting from pentaerythritol (4), 3-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)propanoic acid (3) was prepared in pure state via the intermediates 5,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-dioxane (5), 1,3-dioxane-5,5-dicarboxylic acid (6), and 1,3-dioxane-5-carboxylic acid (7).
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  • 163
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 952-955 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Preparation of Tritylamino AlcoholsN-Tritylamino acid trimethylsilyl esters 2 were mildly reduced with LiAlH4 to give N-tritylamino alcohols 3 in high yields and purity. Other methods provided 3 in lower yields.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 164
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 310-313 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Molmassenbestimmung einiger Organischer Verbindungen im Bereich von 1500An Hand neutraler, mäßig polarer Modellverbindungen im Bereich von 1000 - 1500 gelingt die osmometrische Molmassenbestimmung mit einem Fehler von weniger als 8%. Die Elektronenstoß-Massenspektrometrie (EI) versagte; die Fast-Atom-Bombardment-(FAB-)Methode lieferte MH⊕ - oder (M - H)⊖ -Ionen mit z. T. geringer Intensität.
    Notes: Osmometric molecular mass determinations of neutral medium-polar model compounds in the range of 1000-1500 could be carried out with an error of less than 8%. Electron impact (EI) mass spectrometry failed. The fast atom bombardment (FAB) method provided MH⊕ or (M - H)⊖ ions but with low abundance.
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  • 165
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 334-358 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Amino Acids, 5.  -  Stereoselective Synthesis of α,α′-Imino Dicarboxylic AcidsThe trifluoromethanesulfonates 1, 11, and 26, resp., of enantiomerically pure lactates, β-phenyllactates, and dimethyl α-hydroxyglutarate (25) react with (S)- and (R)-α-amino acid esters 2, 5, 8, 14, 17, 20, and 23, resp., to yield diastereoselectively the α,α′-imino dicarboxylates 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 16, 18, 21, and 24, resp., which can be hydrolyzed without difficulties to the corresponding α,α′-imino dicarboxylic acids 4, 7, 10, 13, 19, and 22, resp. The very high diastereoselectivity in these reactions is caused by the excellent leaving ability of the trifluoromethanesulfonate ion, which allows reactions even with the relatively weak nucleophilic α-amino carboxylates at low temperatures in an exclusive SN2 reaction.
    Notes: Die Trifluormethansulfonate 1, 11 bzw. 26 von enantiomerenreinen Milchsäureestern, β-Phenylmilchsäureestern bzw. α-Hydroxyglutarsäure-dimethylester (25) reagieren mit (S)-bzw. (R)-α-Aminosäureestern 2, 5, 8, 14, 17, 20 bzw. 23 diastereoselektiv zu den α,α′-Iminodicarbonsäureestern 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 16, 18, 21 bzw. 24, die sich ohne Schwierigkeiten zu den entsprechenden α,α′-Iminodicarbonsäuren 4, 7, 10, 13, 19 bzw. 22 verseifen lassen. Verantwortlich für die hohe Diastereomerenausbeute bei diesen Reaktionen ist die große Austrittstendenz des Trifluormethansulfonat-Ions, das auch bei tiefen Temperaturen den Austausch mit den relativ schwach nucleophilen α-Aminosäureestern nach einem reinen SN2-Mechanismus ermöglicht.
    Additional Material: 18 Tab.
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  • 166
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 380-383 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of 2-Amino-3-nitropyridines and -1,4-dihydropyridinesThe title compounds 4 and 5 can be synthesized from the primary nitroketene animal 2 and 1,3-biselectrophiles like β-aminoketones (ketonic Mannich bases) or enaminoketones.
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  • 167
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 384-388 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: N-Phenyl, N-Pyridyl, and N-(2,3-Dioxocycobutenyl)-substituted S,S-Dialkylsulfur DiimidesS,S-Dialkylsulfur diimides 1a-d react with picryl chloride to give 2a-c, with 2,6-dichloro-3-nitropyridine to give 3a-c, and with 1,2-dioxo-3-chlorocyclobutenes to give 5a-c and 6a-d. 3a reacts with some nucleophiles to yield 7a-c. The free imide function of 2a, 3a, and 6a reacts with acid chlorides to give 8 and 9a, b and with phenyl isocyanate to give 10, 11.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 168
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 395-401 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Note on Synthetic Cyclopeptides with Dihydroquinoline UnitsQuaternary salts of the amides of N-(3-quinolylcarbonyl)amino acids 4 cyclise under the influence of base to give fourteen-membered rings 7.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 169
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 422-427 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Terpenes and Terpene Derivatives, XVII.  -  Thermal and AlCl3-Catalyzed Reaction of OcimenoneBis(trans-ocimenone) (5), reported to be a naturally occurring compound, is formed by thermal dimerization of (E)-ocimenone (E-4).  -  Treatment of 4 with AlCl3 leads, in addition to unchanged 4, to a mixture of the rearranged products filifolone (6) and rac-isopiperitenone (7). This reaction is not suitable for the synthesis of 6 on gram-scale.
    Notes: Bis(trans-ocimenon) (5), über dessen auch natürliches Vorkommen berichtet wurde, entsteht durch thermische Dimerisierung von (E)-Ocimenon (E-4).  -  Behandlung von 4 mit AlCl3 ergibt neben unverändertem 4 ein Gemisch der Umlagerungsprodukte Filifolon (6) und rac-Isopiperitenon (7). Zur präparativen Darstellung von 6 ist diese Reaktion nicht geeignet.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 170
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of Trialkylsilyl Trifluoromethanesulfonates, IV.  -  1,3-Trialkylsiloxy Shift - a New Rearrangement Reaction During the Silylation of NitroalkanesNitroalkanes 1 with C — H bonds in β-position react with two-fold molar amounts of trialkylsilyl triflates 2 in the presence of triethylamine to yield 2-(trialkylsiloxy)oxime O-trialkylsilyl ethers 5 by 1,3-trialkylsiloxy shift. Oxime ethers 5 are also obtained by reaction of aci-nitroalkane trialkylsilyl esters 3 with molar quantities of silylation reagents 2. The dependence of the reaction from the nature of the nitroalkane 1 and the alkyl groups in the silylation reagent 2 is investigated.
    Notes: Nitroalkane 1 mit C—H-Funktionen in β-Position ergeben bei der Silylierung mit doppelt molaren Mengen Trialkylsilyl-triflaten 2 in Gegenwart von Triethylamin unter 1,3-Trialkylsiloxy-Verschiebung 2-(Trialkylsiloxy)oxim-O-trialkylsilylether 5. Die Oximether 5 resultieren ebenso aus der Umsetzung von aci-Nitroalkan-trialkylsilylestern 3 mit molaren Mengen Silylierungsagens 2. Die Abhängigkeit der Reaktion von der Struktur der Nitroalkane 1 und der Raumerfüllung der Alkylreste am Silylierungsagens 2 wird untersucht.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 171
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cyclopentenon-Derivate, X.  -  Ein einfacher Zugang zu Bicyclo[6.3.0]undecan-DerivatenEs wird ein einfacher Weg zu funktionalisierten Bicyclo[6.3.0]undecan-Derivaten beschrieben, die als Zwischenprodukte bei Terpensynthesen genutzt werden können. Die trans-Konfiguration des Acetals 12 wird durch eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse bewiesen.
    Notes: A straightforward route to functionalized bicyclo[6.3.0]undecane derivatives, which can be used in terpene synthesis, is described. The trans configuration of the acetal 12 is established by an X-ray structural analysis.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 172
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 479-498 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Retinoids and Carotenoids, V.  -  Synthesis of Modified RetinalsThe syntheses of 13-demethyl-13-ethyl-, 13-demethyl-13-propyl-, 13-demethyl-, 13-demethyl-14-methyl-, and 14-methylretinal are described. The UV spectra of some geometric isomers of these compounds are discussed.
    Notes: Die Synthesen von 13-Desmethyl-13-ethyl-, 13-Desmethyl-13-propyl-, 13-Desmethyl-, 13-Desmethyl-14-methyl- und 14-Methylretinal werden beschrieben. Die UV-Spektren verschiedener geometrischer Isomerer der Verbindungen werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 173
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 525-532 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of 6-C-Azi-6-deoxy-D-glucose and -D-galactose for Photoaffinity Labelling of Carbohydrate-binding ProteinsThe preparation of photolabile 6-C-azi-6-deoxy-D-glucopyranose (8) and -D-galactopyranose (13) as well as their methyl glycosides 5 and 15, respectively, is described.
    Notes: Es wird die Darstellung von photolabiler 6-C-Azi-6-desoxy-D-glucopyranose (8) und -D-galactopyranose (13) sowie deren Methylglycoside 5 bzw. 15 beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 174
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses with Nitriles, LXXIV.  -  3-Amino-4,4-dicyano-3-butenoate, a Synthetically Useful Dimer from Malononitrile and CyanoacetateAn improved synthesis of 3-amino-4,4-dicyano-3-butenoate (4) (a codimer from cyanoacetate and malononitrile) is described. The 13C NMR data and pKa value of 4 are compared with those of the isomeric codimer 3 and the dimers 1 and 2. Reaction of 4 with acids or bases leads to the 2(1H)-pyridones 8 and 9, respectively. Conversions of 4 with aldehydes, ketones, and nitroso compounds give the products 11, 14, and 15 as well as the benzopyran derivatives 12 and the 2-oxochinoline derivative 13 when using 2-hydroxy- and 2-aminobenzadehydes. 4 reacts with formamidine to yield the dihydropyrimidine derivative 17 and with sulfur to give the 3,5-diamino-4-cyano-2-thiophenecarboxylates (18).
    Notes: Für die 3-Amino-4,4-dicyan-3-butensäureester (4) (Codimeres aus Cyanessigester und Malononitril) wird eine verbesserte Synthese beschrieben. Die 13C-NMR-Daten und der pKs-Wert von 4 werden mit denen des isomeren Codimeren 3 sowie der Dimeren 1 und 2 verglichen. Reaktion von 4 mit Säuren oder Basen führt zu den 2(1H)-Pyridonen 8 bzw. 9. Umsetzungen von 4 mit Aldehyden, Ketonen und Nitrosoverbindungen liefern die Produkte 11, 14 und 15, wobei mit 2-Hydroxy- und 2-Aminobenzaldehyden die Benzopyranderivate 12 bzw. das 2-Oxochinolinderivat 13 entstehen. 4 liefert mit Formamidin das Dihydropyrimidinderivat 17 und mit Schwefel die 3,5-Diamino-4-cyan-2-thiophencarbonsäureester (18).
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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  • 175
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 176
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 551-563 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Antibiotic Models, 7.  -  Diastereoselective Synthesis of a Rhodomycinone Model from D-GlucoseD-Glucose can be transformed into the hex-2-enopyranoside-4-ulose 8 which, by Diels-Alder reaction with butadiene under mild conditions, yields the cyclohexane-bridged pyranone 12 diastereoselectively. A corresponding cycloaddition reaction of 8 and isoprene yields regioselectively the derivative 11 as the only product. The iodomethylene compound 13 obtained from 12 is reduced stereoselectively to yield the alcohol 15; in basic medium, however, the trans isomer 17 predominates. Using the classical silver fluoride/pyridine reaction, 16 is transformed into the exocyclic enol ether 18. The mercury salt-mediated solvolysis under transfer of chirality leads to the carbobicyclic ketone 20, isolated as its crystalline diacetate 21. This stereospecific ring closure is in agreement with Baldwin's rules. Finally, Grignard ethylation of the ketone 21 stereospecifically yields the crystalline triol 23 which represents a B-A model system of β-rhodomycinone.
    Notes: Aus D-Glucose läßt sich die Hex-2-enopyranosid-4-ulose 8 darstellen, deren Diels-Alder-Reaktion mit Butadien unter milden Bedingungen diastereoselektiv zum Cyclohexan-überbrückten Pyranon 12 führt. Eine entsprechende Verknüpfung von 8 mit Isopren verläuft regioselektiv zum Derivat 11. Die aus 12 gewonnene Iodmethylen-Komponente 13 wird stereoselektiv zum Alkohol 15 reduziert; in basischem Medium fällt vornehmlich das trans-verknüpfte Isomer 17 an. Durch klassische Umsetzung mit Silberfluorid/Pyridin kann aus 16 der exocyclische Enolether 18 dargestellt werden. Seine Quecksilbersalz-vermittelte Solvolyse ergibt in Übereinstimmung mit den Baldwin-Regeln einen stereospezifischen Ringschluß unter Chiralitätsübertragung zum carbobicyclischen Keton 20, das als kristallines Diacetat 21 isoliert wird. Durch Grignard-Ethylierung wird stereospezifisch das kristalline Triol 23 erhalten, das ein B-A-Modellsystem des β-Rhodomycinons darstellt.
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  • 177
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses of Biologically Important Carbohydrates, 34. -- Syntheses of 3-C-Methyl-branched Hex-2-enopyranose Derivatives and Studies on the Rearrangement of Their TrichloroacetimidatesThe 3-C-methyl-branched L-ribo-glycoside 3a obtained from L-rhamnose, on dehydration predominantly yields the unsaturated derivative 5a. Its further transformation into the olefin-sugar glycoside with α-L-threo configuration 7a of anhydrolankamycin is described. -- The anomeric trichloroacetimidates 12 obtained from the free 3-C-methyl-D-erythro-hex-2-enopyranose 11, do not undergo the expected sigmatropic rearrangement to yield the aminoalkyl-branched glycals 13 but give rise to the formation of acylated glycosylamine anomers 16. At slightly elevated temperature in addition to 16 the formation of the furanose isomers 19 is observed.
    Notes: Das aus L-Rhamnose gewonnene 3-C-Methyl-verzweigte L-ribo-Glycosid 3a ergibt bei der Dehydratisierung vornehmlich das ungesättigte Derivat 5a, dessen Umsetzung zu dem Olefinzuckerglycosid mit α-L-threo-Konfiguration 7a aus Anhydrolankamycin beschrieben wird. -- Die aus der freien 3-C-Methyl-D-erythro-hex-2-enopyranose 11 intermediär erhaltenen anomeren Trichloracetimidate 12 zeigen nicht die erwartete sigmatrope Umlagerung zu den Aminoalkyl-verzweigten Glycalen 13, sondern führen zur Bildung der anomeren acylierten Glycosylamine 16. Bei etwas höherer Temperatur wird neben 16 ebenfalls die Bildung der Furanose-Isomeren 19 beobachtet.
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  • 178
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1380-1386 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Bromierung von 2,3-Dihydro-6-(hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-diazepinium-Salzen2,3-Dihydro-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-diazepinium-Salze 3a, b werden in der meta-Position des Phenylsubstituenten leicht mono- (→4a, b) und dibromsubstituiert (→5a, b). 2,3-Dihydro-6-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-diazepinium-Salze 6a, b werden in der para-Position des Phenylsubstituenten leicht monobromsubstituiert (→7a, b). Eine zweite Bromsubstitution (→8a, b) findet in ortho-Position statt - überraschenderweise, da die ortho-Position von 6-Arylsubstitutenten in 1,4-Diazepiniumsalzen einem elektrophilen Angriff gewöhnlich nicht zugänglich ist. Überlegungen zum Mechanismus dieser Bromsubstitutionen werden angestellt. - 1,2-Dihydro-5-(hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxopyrimidinium-Salze 11a, b werden unter gleichen Reaktionsbedingungen nicht bromsubstituiert.
    Notes: 2,3-Dihydro-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-diazepinium salts 3a, b are readily mono- (→4a, b) and di-brominated (→5a, b) at the meta-position of the phenyl substituent. 2,3-Dihydro-6-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-diazepinium salts 6a, b are readily mono-brominated (→ 7a, b) at the para-position of the phenyl substituent. A second bromination (→8a, b) takes place at an ortho-position, surprisingly, since ortho-positions of 6-aryl substituents in 1,4-diazepinium salts are usually not susceptible to electrophilic attack. Mechanistic features of these brominations are considered. - 1,2-Dihydro-5-(hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxopyrimidinium salts 11a, b were not brominated under similar conditions.
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  • 179
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1398-1406 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Retinoids, VII. - Synthesis of the Acetylenic Retinoids 9,10-Didehydro-19-norretinal and 9,10,11,12-Tetradehydro-19-norretinalThe all-trans and 13-cis isomers of the title compounds 3 and 7 were synthesized in four steps from (E)-1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-1-buten-3-yne (9).
    Notes: Die all-trans- und 13-cis-Konfigurationsisomeren der Titelverbindungen 3 und 7 wurden in vier Stufen aus (E)-1-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-1-buten-3-in (9) synthetisiert.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 180
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1407-1412 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Redox Alkylation of Tyrosine DerivativesTyrosine derivatives are alkylated at the phenolic function with alcohols under mild and neutral conditions by using the redox condensation system triphenylphosphane/diethyl azodicarboxylate.
    Notes: Die Phenol-Funktion von Tyrosin-Derivaten läßt sich mit Alkoholen unter milden und neutralen Bedingungen mit Hilfe des Redox-Systems Triphenylphosphan/Diethyl-azodicarboxylat als Kondensationsmittel alkylieren.
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  • 181
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthese von Juvenilhormon-Analogen von Insekten, IV. - Synthese von Ether-Analogen mit einem Pinen- und Cyclohexenring in der terminalen StellungEs wird die Synthese von Ether-Analogen von Insekten-Juvenilhormonen, die einen Pinen- oder Cyclohexenring in der terminalen Stellung enthalten, beschrieben.
    Notes: The paper reports the synthesis of some ethereal insect juvenile hormone analogs with a pinene or cyclohexene ring in the terminal position.
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  • 182
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Stereochemie der 1,2-Oxaphospholane, VIII. - Synthese, Stereochemie und Ringöffnungsreaktionen diastereoisomerer 3-Hydroxy-2-methoxy-5-methyl-1,2-oxaphospholan-2-oneAddition von Dimethylphosphonat an Acetaldol führt zu einem 3 : 7-Gemisch von diastereomeren Dimethyl-(1,3-dihydroxybutyl)phosphonaten 3 und 4. Die relativen Konfigurationen an C-1 und C-3 dieser Diole wurden 13C-NMR-spektroskopisch anhand von deren O-Benzylidenderivaten bestimmt. Die Dimethoxyphosphorylgruppe an C-4 des 1,3-Dioxanrings nimmt bevorzugt die axiale Position ein. Es wird ein Modell für die 1,3-asymmetrischen Induktion bei der Abramov-Reaktion vorgeschlagen. Intramolekulare Umesterung der Phosphonate 3 und 4 in Anwesenheit von äquimolaren Mengen von Triethylamin liefert die diastereomeren 3-Hydroxy-2-methoxy-5-methyl-1,2-oxaphospholan-2-one. Ringöffnungs-reaktionen der im Titel genannten 1,2-Oxaphospholane wurden mittels 31P-NMR untersucht.
    Notes: Addition of dimethyl phosphonate to acetaldol gives a 3 : 7 mixture of diastereomeric dimethyl (1,3-dihydroxybutyl)phosphonates 3 and 4. The relative configurations at C-1 and C-3 in these diols were established by the 13C NMR data of their O-benzylidene derivatives. Axial preference-for the dimethoxyphosphoryl substituent at C-4 of the 1,3-dioxane ring is observed. A model of the 1,3-asymmetric induction for the Abramov reaction is proposed. Intramolecular transesterification of the phosphonates 3 and 4 in the presence of equimolar amounts of triethylamine affords diastereomeric 3-hydroxy-2-methoxy-5-methyl-1,2-oxaphospholan-2-ones. 1,2-Oxaphospholane ring opening reactions of the title compounds were studied by 31P NMR.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 183
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 869-892 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of Cyclic Pentapeptide Analogues of Thymopoietin. - Cyclization with Carbodiimide and 4-(Dimethylamino)pyridineThe syntheses of ten cyclic pentapeptides with sequences analogous to thymopoietin are described. The linear precursors of the cyclopeptides were synthesized by classical methods of peptide chemistry. Cyclization was exclusively carried out by the newly developed carbodiimide/DMAP method, with the advantage of higher yield and purity compared with the azide method according to Medzhiradsky. The strong activation leads to racemization and inversion, respectively, if the linear precursors contain no C- or N-terminal D-amino acid.
    Notes: Die Synthesen von zehn cyclischen Pentapeptiden mit Thymopoietin-analogen Sequenzen werden beschrieben. Die linearen Vorstufen der Cyclen wurden nach klassischen Methoden der Peptidchemie synthetisiert. Die Cyclisierungen erfolgten mit der neu entwickelten Carbodiimid/DMAP-Methode, deren Vorteile bezüglich Ausbeute und Reinheit gegenüber der Azidmethode nach Medzhiradsky aufgezeigt werden. Die starke Aktivierung führt zu C-terminaler Racemisierung bzw. Inversion, wenn die linearen Vorläufer keine C- oder N-terminale D-Aminosäure enthalten.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 184
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1506-1527 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthetische Anthracyclinone, XXXI. - Totalsynthese racemischer ∊e-Rhodomycinone durch Ketoester-CyclisierungDie Ketoester 15 - 17b wurden durch regioselektive Alkylierung der Chinonacetale 12 - 14 gefolgt von Spaltung der Acetale und Methylether sowie Veresterung hergestellt. Vorwiegend die trans-β-Hydroxyester 25 - 27b wurden durch Behandlung von 15 - 17b mit Triton B in Pyridin erhalten, während Lithiumamide in THF nur die cis-Hydroxyester 28 und 29a ergaben. Die stereoselektive Hydroxylierung von 25 - 27b lieferte die Rhodomycinone 38 - 40a und 6 mit natürlicher Konfiguration (cis-2,4-Diole) und die von 28 - 30b die nicht natürlich vorkommenden trans-2,4-Diole 41 - 43b.
    Notes: The keto esters 15 - 17b were prepared by regioselective alkylation of the anthraquinone acetals 12 - 14 followed by cleavage of the acetals and methyl ethers and esterification. The tetracyclic trans-β-hydroxy esters 25 - 27b were formed predominantly upon treatment of 15 - 17b with Triton B in pyridine, whereas lithium amides in THF gave only the cis-hydroxy esters 28 and 29a. Stereoselective hydroxylation of 25 - 27b afforded the rhodomycinones 38 - 40a and 6 of natural configuration (cis-2,4-diols), while that of 28 - 30b gave the not naturally occurring trans-2,4-diols 41 - 43b.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 185
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1540-1547 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthese von kationischen und mesoionischen Derivaten von 1,2,4-Triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]-thiadiazolen über Iminophosphorane1,2,4-Triazolo[3,4-b][1,2,4]thiadiazolium-Salze 4 werden nach zwei allgemeinen Methoden aus 4-Amino-2,4-dihydro-2-methyl-5-(methylthio)-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-thion (1) dargestellt. Nach der ersten Methode werden Aryliden-Derivate 2 erhalten, die mit Phosphorpentachlorid cyclisieren; die zweite Methode basiert auf der Reaktion des Iminophosphorans 5 mit Säurechloriden. Die Umsetzung von 5 mit Acylisothiocyanaten führt direkt zu den mesoionischen Verbindungen 6.
    Notes: Two general methods are reported for the preparation of 1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b][1,2,4]-thiadiazolium salts 4 from 4-amino-2,4-dihydro-2-methyl-5-(methylthio)-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-thione (1). The first one involves the initial formation of arylidene derivatives 2 which undergo cyclization by the action of phosphorus pentachloride; the second one is based on the reaction of the iminophosphorane 5 with acyl chlorides. The reaction of 5 with acyl isothiocyanates led directly to the mesoionic compounds 6.
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  • 186
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1578-1585 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of Homocamphenilone and HomocampheneHomocamphenilone (8) was synthesized in only 3 steps with an overall yield of about 60%. The conversion of 8 via homocamphene hydrate (12) into homocamphene (13) succeeded nearly quantitatively. 13 could be transformed by means of the Bertram-Walbaum reagent into the new alcohol 14 with bicyclo[3.2.1]octane skeleton.
    Notes: Homocamphenilon (8) wurde in nur 3 Stufen mit einer Gesamtausbeute von 60% synthetisiert. Die Überführung von 8 via Homocamphenhydrat (12) in Homocamphen (13) gelang nahezu quantitative. 13 lagert sich in Gegenwart der Bertram-Walbaum-Mischung in den neuen Alkohol 14 mit Bicyclo[3.2.1]octan-Gerüst um.
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  • 187
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Building Units of Oligosaccharides, LXXIV. - Synthesis of Branched Tri- and Tetrasaccharide Sequences Representing the Repeating Unit of the O-specific Chain of the Lipopolysaccharide of Aeromonas salmonicidaThe synthesis of the repeating unit of the O-antigen of the lipopolysaccharide from Aeromonas salmonicida in the form α-D-D-Glcp-(1→3)-[β-D-ManpNAc-(1→4)]-L-Rha (17) and α-D-Glcp-(1→4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→3)-β-D-ManpNAc-(1→4)-L-Rha (27) is described. Key reactions are the preparation of β(1→4)-glycosidic linkage between 2-acetamido-2-desoxy-D-mannose and L-rhamnose as well as coupling of glucose and of maltose with the disaccharide 10 as glycosyl acceptor in a α(1→3)-glycosidic linkage.
    Notes: Es wird die „Repeating unit“ des O-Antigens des Lipopolysaccharides von Aeromonas salmonicida in der Form α-D-Glcp-(1→3)-[β-D-ManpNAc-(1→4)]-L-Rha (17) und α-D-Glcp-(1→4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→3)-[β-D-Manp NAc-(1→4)]-L-Rha (27) synthetisiert. Schlüsselreaktionen sind hierbei die Herstellung der β(1→4)-glycosidischen Bindung zwischen 2-Acetamido-2-desoxy-D-mannose und L-Rhamnose sowie die Knüpfung der α(1→3)-glycosidischen Bindung von Glucose und von Maltose mit dem Disaccharid 10 als Glycosyl-Akzeptor.
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  • 188
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: De novo Synthesis of Carbohydrates and Related Natural Products, 23. - Synthesis of 2-Deoxy-DL-ribo-hexose and 6-Deoxy-DL-talose from meso-Divinylglycolscis-Dihydroxylation of meso-di-O-benzyl-divinylglycol 4 and of the corresponding dipropenylglycol 12 with osmium tetraoxide/N-methylmorpholine N-oxide affords diastereoselectively the DL-ribo-5-hexenetetrol (±)-5a and the DL-altro-6-octenetetrol (±)-13a, respectively. The per-O-benzylated 2-deoxy-DL-ribo-hexose (±)-8 is obtained from (±)-5a via benzylation, ω-hydroxylation of the vinylic group, and oxidation of the hydroxylic group to the aldehyde stage. Benzylation and ozonolysis of compound (±)-13 provides the per-O-benzylated 6-deoxy-DL-talose (±)-15 in only four steps from meso-dipropenylglycol. For structural analysis methyl glycosides have been synthesized.
    Notes: Die cis-Dihydroxylierung des meso-Di-O-benzyl-divinylglycols 4 und des entsprechenden Dipropenylglycols 12 mit Osmiumtetraoxid/N-Methylmorpholin-N-oxid liefert diastereoselektiv das DL-ribo-5-Hexentetrol (±)-5a bzw. das DL-altro-6-Octenterol (±)-13a. Durch Benzylierung, ω-Hydroxylierung der Vinylgruppe und Oxidation der erhaltenen Hydroxygruppe zur Aldehydgruppe wird aus Verbindung (±)-5a die per-O-benzylierte 2-Desoxy-DL-ribo-hexose (±)-8 hergestellt. Benzylierung und Ozonolyse von Verbindung (±)-13 liefert per-O-benzylierte 6-Desoxy-DL-talose (±)-15 in nur vier Stufen aus meso-Dipropenylglycol. Zur Strukturanalyse wurden Methylglycoside hergestellt.
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  • 189
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1119-1123 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthese der reinen Enantiomeren von erythro-1,2,3-Pentantriol sowie ihrer 1-Brom- und 1-Tosyloxy-Derivate(2R,3S)- und (2S,3R)-erythro-1,2,3-Pentantriol (2a und 2b) wurden ausgehend von 2-Desoxy-D-erythro-pentose und ihrem L-Enantiomeren synthetisiert. Beide Substanzen sind ausgehend von D-(+)-Glucose und L-(+)-Arabinose erhältlich. Derivatisierung mittels selektiver Bromierung und Tosylierung führte zu 3a, b bzw. 4a.
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  • 190
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1131-1131 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 191
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations on 1,3-Thiazines, 35. - Oxidations of Thiocarbamidates, 9(2). - Unusual Rearrangement Upon Thiocarbamoylation of Tetrahydro-2H-1,3-thiazin-2-oneDuring thiocarbamoylation of tetrahydro-2H-1,3-thiazin-2-one (4) with N,N-disubstituted thiocarbamoyl chlorides the 3-carboxamides 2 were isolated besides the expected 3-thiocarboxamides 6. The carboxamides 2 are interpreted as products of initial O-thiocarbamoylation, subsequent Newman-Kwart rearrangement, and final S → N-transcarbamoylation. Structures were ensured by independent syntheses and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. Thiocarbamidate and thiourea substructures were converted into the corresponding oxygen analogues by oxidative desulfurisation.
    Notes: Bei der Thiocarbamoylierung von Tetrahydro-2H-1,3-thiazin-2-on (4) durch N,N-disubstituierte Thiocarbamoylchloride wurden neben den erwarteten 3-Thiocarboxamiden 6 stets 3-Carboxamide 2 isoliert, die als Produkte einer O-Thiocarbamoylierung, anschließender Newman-Kwart-Umlagerung und abschließender S → N-Transcarbamoylierung interpretiert werden. Neben Struktursicherung durch unabhängige Synthesen und 13C-NMR-Spektren wurden Thionurethan- oder Thioharnstoff-Partialstrukturen durch oxidative Desulfurierung in entsprechende Sauerstoff-Analoga übergeführt.
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  • 192
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1309-1315 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mechanismus der Phenoxycarbonylierung von 2′,3′-O-Isopropylidenadenosin1H-NMR-spektroskopische Verfolgung des zeitlichen Ablaufs der Umsetzung von 2′,3′-O-Isompropylidenadenosin (1) mit Chlorameisensäure-phenylester ergibt, daß zunächst Reaktion an N7 von 1 zum Cyclonucleosid 12 erfolgt, letzteres lagert sich langsam in die 5′-O-Phenoxycarbonyl-Verbindung 3 um. Die Reaktionen des dreifach triphenoxycarbonylierten Cycloadenosins 11 mit Aminen und Alkoholen werden ebenfalls beschrieben.
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  • 193
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: X-ray Analyses and Structure-Activity Relations of AntiprogestinsThe crystal structures of two 11α-(4-fluorophenyl)-substituted steroids with adverse configurations at position C-13 were determined. Based on the X-ray data, an attempt was made to interpret similarities and diversities in biological behaviour between the estrane and the 13α-gonane series.
    Notes: Die Kristallstrukturen von zwei 11β-(4-Fluorphenyl)-substituierten Steroiden mit unterschiedlicher Konfiguration an C-13 wurden bestimmt. Auf der Basis der röntgenanalytischen Daten wurde der Versuch unternommen, Ähnlichkeiten und Unterschiede im biologischen Verhalten beim Übergang von der Östran-Reihe zur 13α-Gonan-Serie zu deuten.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 194
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    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1353-1359 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Polymerization and Cross-Linking of Alkenyl-1,2,3-thiadiazoles4- and 5-Vinyl-1,2,3-thiadiazoles 1, 2 can be polymerized in radical or cationic chain processes. The completely intact remaining thiadiazole ring systems can be photochemically cleaved yielding a cross-linking of the polymer chains by material-inherent sulfur bridges. In the case of the 5-vinyl system 2 a denitrogenating copolymerization with 4,4′-(1,6-hexanediyl)bis(4H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-dione) is possible.
    Notes: 4- und 5-Vinyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole 1, 2 lassen sich in radikalischen oder kationischen Kettenreaktionen polymerisieren. Die dabei vollständig intakt bleibenden Thiadiazolringe können photochemisch abgebaut werden, wobei es zur Kettenvernetzung über substanzeigene S-Brücken kommt. Das 5-Vinylsystem 2 kann mit 4,4′-(1,6-Hexandiyl)bis(4H-1,2,4-triazol-3,5-dion) unter Denitrogenierung copolymerisiert werden.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 195
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1393-1397 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Conformation of 1,2-cis-Pentopyranosyl AzidesReaction of acetylated 1,2-trans-pentopyranosyl halides 1a, b, 2, 3 with NaN3 in HMPT under mild condition yielded all the four 1,2-cis-2,3,4-tri-O-acetylpentopyranosyl azides 4, 6, 8, and 14 which, on deacetylation, gave the free azides 5, 7, 9, and 15. Solution conformations, based on vicinal proton-proton coupling constants, are discussed in terms of 4C1(D)⇌1C4(D) equilibria and comparisons are made with other pyranose derivatives.
    Notes: Die Umsetzung der acetylierten 1,2-trans-Pentopyranosylhalogenide 1a, b, 2, 3 mit NaN3 in HMPT unter milden Bedingungen ergibt die 4 möglichen 1,2-cis-2,3,4-Tri-O-acetylpentopyranosylazide 4, 6, 8 und 14, die durch Entacetylierung in die freien Azide 5, 7, 9 und 15 übergeführt werden. Anhand der vicinalen Proton-Proton-Kopplungskonstanten werden die 4C1(D)⇌1C4(D)-Konformationsgleichgewichte in Lösung diskutiert und mit verwandten Pyranosederivaten verglichen.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 196
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1413-1427 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Iridoide, XXI. - Synthese von [13C]SecologaninSäurekatalysierte Reaktion von natürlichem Secologanin (1) mit Ethylenglycol zu 5a und nachfolgende Acetylierung ergab das peracetylierte Acetal 5b mit nahezu quantitativer Ausbeute. Oxidation von 5b mit äquimolaren oder katalytischen Mengen an Osmiumtetraoxid lieferte neben nicht umgesetzter Ausgangsverbindung als Hauptprodukt stereoselektiv das Diol 6 (31% bzw. 28%), das mit Bleitetraacetat mit 96% Ausbeute zum Aldehyd 10 gespalten wurde. Umsetzung von 10 mit Triphenylphosphonio[13C]methanid führte zu 27% zu dem 13C-markierten Secologanin-Derivat [10-13C]-5b und zu 52% zum Pyran 12. Säurekatalysierte Transacetalisierung von [10-13C]-5b zu [10-13C]-5c, basenkatalysierte Solvolyse der Acetatgruppen zu [10-13C]-5d und nachfolgende säurekatalysierte Spaltung des Dioxolan-Ringes ergab [10-13C]Secologanin ([10-13C]-1). Zur Bestimmung der Konfiguration an C-9 wurde 6 via 8a in den Tricyclus 8d übergeführt, der unabhängig davon über eine photochemische Cycloaddition des Galactose-Derivates 13 und Diformylessigsäure-methylester (14) hergestellt wurde.
    Notes: Acid-catalyzed reaction of natural secologanin (1) with ethylene glycol to 5a, followed by acetylation gave the peracetylated acetal 5b in almost quantitative yield. Oxidation of 5b with equimolar or catalytic amounts of osmium tetraoxide afforded stereoselectively the diol 6 as main product (31% resp. 28%) besides recovered starting material. 5b was cleaved with lead tetraacetate to give 96% of the aldehyde 10. Reaction of 10 with triphenylphosphonio-[13C]methanide led to the labelled secologanin derivative [10-13C]-5b and the pyran 12 in a 27% and 52% yield, respectively. Acid-catalyzed transacetalization of [10-13C]-5b to [10-13C]-5c, base-catalyzed solvolysis of the acetate groups to [10-13C]-5d and subsequent acid-catalyzed cleavage of the acetal gave [10-13C]secologanin ([10-13C]-1). To determine its configuration at C-9, 6 was transformed via 8a to the tricyclic system 8d, which was independently synthesized via a photocycloaddition of the galactose derivative 13 and diformylacetate 14.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 197
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1548-1567 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chain Elongation of Carbohydrates via the C-Phenylglycine MethodThe C-phenylglycine method allows the chain elongation of peracetylated glyconic and glycuronic acids by the attachment of a polyprenyl or a related allyl residue. The reaction sequence leads to β,γ-unsaturated ketones 3 which may be converted to ketoses 4 by cleavage of the protecting groups. This technique permits the formal replacement of a hydrogen atom at the anomeric centre of a hexopyranose by a substituted allyl residue.
    Notes: Durch Ketenverlängerung mit Hilfe von C-Phenylglycin lassen sich peracetylierte Glycon-und Glycuronsäuren mit Polyprenyl- und anderen Allylresten verknüpfen. Man erhält die β,γ-ungesättigten Ketone 3, die nach Schutzgruppenabspaltung in die Ketosen 4 übergeführt werden können. Die Reaktionssequenz erlaubt damit den formalen Ersatz eines Wasserstoffatoms am anomeren Zentrum einer Hexopyranose durch einen substituierten Allylrest.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
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  • 198
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1568-1577 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Open-chain Isopropylidene Derivatives of 3,6-Anhydrohexoses with gluco, manno, and fructo ConfigurationReaction of 3,6-anhydroglucose with acetone and sulfuric acid yields the furanoid isopropylidene derivative 2. Acetalation with 2,2-dimethoxypropane gives, however, as main products the open-chain diisopropylidene derivatives 3a and 3b besides 2. Compounds 3 are also observed as products of the reaction of methyl 3,6-anhydroglucoside with acidified acetone. In both cases 3a is found in a higher proportion than 3b. Treatment of 3,6-anhydromannose with acidified acetone yields a complex reaction mixture which contains besides others the relatively labile diisopropylidene aldehydo derivatives 5a and 5b. Also 3,6-anhydro-4,5-O-isopropylidene-keto-D-fructose (8a) is present, formed by Lobry de Bruyn-Alberda van Ekenstein rearrangement, and which can be made unter suitable conditions to the main reaction product. Analogous reaction of methyl 3,6-anhydro-α-D-mannopyranoside (9) yields quantitatively the open-chain methoxy derivatives 5e and 5f, with 5e dominating in a 10 : 1 ratio. 5e and 5f are also obtained in the reaction of 3,6-anhydromannose with 2,2-dimethoxypropane.
    Notes: 3,6-Anhydroglucose läßt sich mit Aceton unter Schwefelsäurekatalyse glatt zur furanoiden Isopropylidenverbindung 2 umsetzen. Acetalisierung mit 2,2-Dimethoxypropan liefert neben 2 hingegen als Hauptprodukte die offenkettigen Diisopropylidenderivate 3a und 3b. Diese werden auch beobachtet, wenn Methyl-3,6-anhydroglucosid mit Aceton und Schwefelsäure behandelt wird. Es überwiegt jeweils 3a gegenüber 3b. Behandlung von 3,6-Anhydromannose mit Aceton/Schwefelsäure gibt ein komplexes Reaktionsgemisch, in dem u. a. die relativ instabilen Diisopropyliden-aldehydo-Derivate 5a und 5b erkannt wurden. Durch Lobry-de-Bruyn-Alberda-van-Ekenstein-Umlagerung wird daneben jedoch immer 3,6-Anhydro-4,5-O-isopropyliden-keto-D-fructose (8a) erhalten, die bei geeigneter Reaktionsführung zum alleinigen Produkt gemacht werden kann. Wird Methyl-3,6-anhydro-α-D-mannopyranosid (9) mit Aceton und Schwefelsäure umgesetzt, werden quantitativ die Methoxyderivate 5e und 5f im Verhältnis 10 : 1 erhalten. 5e und 5f werden auch isoliert, wenn 3,6-Anhydromannose mit 2,2-Dimethoxypropan behandelt wird.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 199
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1648-1653 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: New 1-Methyl-1λ4,4-thiazine 1-Oxides from N-Cyanoimidic EstersN-cyanoimidates 1a - h react with dimethyloxosulfonium methylide (2) to give the condensation products 3a - h. Under basic conditions 3a - d form the thiazine derivatives 4a - d. Reactions of 4a, b with perchloric acid, phenyl isocyanate, and bromine are described (→5 - 7).
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 200
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 1655-1668 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Dimeric Naphthoquinones, XVIII. - Ammonium Cerium(IV) Nitrate as Oxidising Agent: peri-Hydroxylation of Juglones giving Naphthazarins5,8-Dialkoxy-1-naphthols (type 6a) which are easily accessible starting from juglones (5a) are oxidised under mild conditions using ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate, yielding with high p-selectivity the corresponding 1,4-naphthoquinones (7a). By dealkylation of the latter, subsituted 1,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinones (1a) are obtained in good yields.
    Notes: Aus Juglonderivaten (Typ 5a) leicht zugängliche 5,8-Dialkoxy-1-naphthole (6a) lassen sich durch Ammonium-cer(IV)-nitrat unter milden Bedingungen mit hoher p-Selektivität zu den korrespondierenden 1,4-Naphthochinonen (7a) oxidieren und durch Entalkylierung in guter Ausbeute in 5,8-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthochinone (1a) überführen.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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