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  • 1995-1999  (1,864)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1955-1959
  • 1945-1949  (1,312)
  • 1920-1924  (1,633)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effectiveness of Chemotherapy with Cisplatin and 5-Fluorouracil for Recurrent Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Rectum: Report of a Case (1999)
    Springer
    Surgery today 29 (1999), S. 165-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: Key Words: small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma ; colorectum ; chemotherapy ; cisplatin ; 5-fluorouracil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005950050379
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wirbelsäulen- und Beckenfrakturen im Wachstumsalter (1999)
    Springer
    Trauma und Berufskrankheit 1 (1999), S. S92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6274
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Wachstumsalter ; MRI ; Beckenfraktur ; Wirbelsäulenfraktur ; Key words Childhood ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Pelvic fracture ; Spinal injury
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract According to the literature, from 1950 to 1995 the overall risk for children of sustaining a fracture of the spinal column or the pelvic ring doubled, the main reason being the increasing incidence of high-energy trauma caused by newly popular sporting activities such as skateboarding, inline skating and mountain biking. Nonetheless, even specialized pediatric level I trauma centers in Europe and the United States of America report an incidence of below 5% for severe spinal injuries and fractures of the pelvis. Although these specific injury patters are seen relatively infrequently, whenever present they are still highly indicative of high-velocity injury mechanisms, frequently revealing a combination of injuries – each of which would be serious in itself – involving the body cavities and the soft tissues of the trunk an extremities. In summary, spinal cord injuries and pelvic ring fractures are rare but can be serious: cervical and spinal cord injuries without radiological abnormality appear to be more frequent than in adults, and the availability of nuclear magnetic imaging technologies has helped in the diagnosis of unsuspected cord injury in children. In addition, retrospective analysis of purely nonoperative management of highly unstable C-type injuries of the spine and the pelvic ring reveal some unsatisfactory results, so that specifically for these injury morphologies the alternative of an operative strategy might be considered. The purpose of this presentation is to discuss various injury patterns in which an operative concept could be considered, particularly for a multiply injured child.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Verletzungen des Rückenmarks und Sprengungen des knöchernen Beckenrings liegen im Kindesalter auch im Krankengut spezialisierter Zentren unter 5%. Besonders beachtenswert erscheint hierbei, daß Rückenmark- und besonders Halswirbelsäulenverletzungen v. a. beim Kind häufig keine ossäre Mitbeteiligung der Wirbelsäule zeigen und erst durch kernspintomographische Diagnostik erfaßt werden können. Desgleichen zeigt sich bei der retrospektiven Auswertung, daß ein pauschales, rein konservatives Management aller Verletzungstypen, d. h. v.a. der sog. C-Verletzungstypen an der Wirbelsäule und am Becken, z. T. unbefriedigende Behandlungsergebnisse zeigt und daher zunehmend bei bestimmten, im weiteren näher besprochenen Verletzungskonstellationen ein eher operatives Grundkonzept diskutiert wird. Neue Erkenntnisse zur Diagnostik und Therapie der Wirbelsäulen- und Beckenverletzung beim Kind liegen insofern vor, als 1. neuere epidemiologische Erhebungen heute eine präzisere, d. h. nicht nur empirisch gesicherte Unterscheidung der selten von eher regelmäßig anzutreffenden Verletzungstypen und Frakturmorphologien erlauben, 2. durch vergleichsweise „neue“ Sportarten wie „Scate-boarding“ und „Mountain-biking“ ganz generell eine statistisch belegte Zunahme von Hochrasanztraumen und komplexen Verletzungsmustern beim Kind beobachtet werden kann sowie 3. generell v.a. beim mehrfachverletzten Kind heute eine eher aggressivere Gangart, d. h. ein in bestimmten Einzelaspekten eher operatives Versorgungskonzept angestrebt wird. Gegenstand der vorliegenden Arbeit sind 1. eine Analyse der als besonders bedeutsam erkannten Verletzungsformen sowie 2. eine Darstellung der heute in Veränderung begriffenen Behandlungskonzepte v.a. beim mehrfachverletzten Kind.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00014858
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radial-sequence magnetic resonance imaging in evaluation of acetabular labrum (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of orthopaedic science 4 (1999), S. 328-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2023
    Keywords: Key words: hip ; acetabulum ; labrum ; MRI ; radial-sequence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: We investigated the usefulness of a radial-sequence magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique in the visualization of the acetabular labrum, which surrounds the acetabulum. In 22 hip joints of 12 volunteers, T2-weighted images were obtained on 24 radial planes of the acetabular rim, set at 15°-intervals, using the small tip angle gradient echo method. We examined 7 planes in the weight-bearing portion. The acetabular labrum in the weight-bearing portion was depicted in good contrast to the surrounding tissues. The shape of the labrum differed among individuals and also in the anterior and posterior portions of the labrum. The signal intensity of the labrum was low or partially moderate. There was a high signal intensity band on the base of the acetabular labrum in several portions, which should be carefully interpreted to avoid confusion with abnormality. We concluded that radial-sequence MRI could be a useful technique for evaluation of the condition of the acetabular labrum in the weight-bearing portion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007760050112
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effectiveness of chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil for recurrent small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the rectum: Report of a case (1999)
    Springer
    Surgery today 29 (1999), S. 165-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma ; colorectum ; chemotherapy ; cisplatin ; 5-fluorouracil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report herein the case of a 46-year-old-man with small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) concomitant with large villous adenoma of the rectum, who underwent abdominaoperineal resection with regional lymphnode dissection. The resected specimen was histologically found to contain a small lesion of NEC confined to the submucosa in the large adenoma. A computed tomography scan done 4 months postoperatively revealed recurrences in the liver, lymph nodes, and bone. Therefore, two cycles of sequential intravenous combined chemotherapy with standard doses of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were administered, after which the size of each tumor decreased remarkably. Nevertheless, the patient died 8 months after the operation. As there was a fair response of this tumor to the combined chemotherapy of cisplatin and 5-FU, this regimen against NEC of the colon and rectum should be given consideration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02482243
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Advantages of Japanese response criteria for estimating the survival of patients with primary gastric cancer (1999)
    Springer
    Gastric cancer 2 (1999), S. 14-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3305
    Keywords: Key words: inoperable ; gastric cancer ; chemotherapy ; efficacy criteria ; primary lesions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background. We conducted a retrospective study to investigate the adequacy of the Efficacy Criteria for Primary Lesions in the Japanese Classification of Gastric Cancer (Japanese criteria) for evaluating the anti-tumor efficacy of chemotherapies and the relationship between tumor regression and the prognosis of gastric cancer. Methods. The data for 90 patients with inoperable ad-vanced gastric cancer who received various chemotherapies, consisting of fluorinated pyrimidines and cisplatin, were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the Japanese criteria, we investigated the efficacy of the chemotherapies and the relationship between the response in primary lesions and survival. We also compared the efficacy of chemotherapies evaluated by the Japanese criteria to that evaluated by the WHO criteria. Results. All 90 patients were evaluable by the Japanese criteria. The overall response rate was 53.3% (Partial response [PR] in 48 patients and no change + progressive disease [NC + PD] in 42 patients). The primary lesions were classified as measurable (a-lesions) in 27 patients, evaluable but not measurable (b-lesions) in 31 patients, and diffusely infiltrating (c-lesions) in 32 patients. Overall median survival time (MST) was 9.4 months. The MSTs of the responders and non-responders were 12.6 and 7.8 months, respectively. In contrast, by the WHO criteria, 49 patients (54.4%) were evaluable; the other 41 patients had gastric primary lesions alone but were not measurable by WHO criteria. The overall response rate was 67.3% (33/49), and overall MST was 9.4 months. The MSTs of the responders evaluated by both sets of criteria were both 12.6 months. Conclusions. We suggest that the Japanese criteria are useful for evaluating the anti-tumor effect of gastric cancer chemotherapies and that prospective studies to reconfirm their usefulness are warranted in Japan, and in Western countries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101200050015
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of adulteration of pumpkin seed oil by analysis of content and composition of specific Δ7-phytosterols (1999)
    Springer
    European food research and technology 209 (1999), S. 400-406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Keywords: Key words Pumpkin seed oil ; Oil adulteration ; Δ7-Phytosterols ; Sample clean-up procedure ; Gas chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  A simple and accurate method for the determination of phytosterols by capillary gas chromatography was developed for the analysis of the seeds and oil of the pumpkin Cucurbita pepo L., the naked seed variety growing in the southern Styrian parts of Austria. After extraction of the oil and saponification, the remaining unsaponifiable material was isolated and purified using silica gel columns. For greater volatility, the sterols were derivatised to trimethylsilylethers, and gas chromatography was performed on a column of high polarity, allowing separation of the Δ5-sterols from the Δ7-sterols and thus yielding a typical chromatographical pattern. Quantification of the phytosterols using 5α-cholestan or cholesterol as internal standards led to a method of high accuracy. Comparison of the chromatographic pattern of the phytosterol fraction of pumpkin seed oil with those of other vegetable oil samples permitted the use of this method to detect adulteration of pumpkin seed oil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002170050516
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survival impact of chemotherapy in patients with colorectal metastases confined to the liver: A re-analysis of 1458 non-operable patients randomised in 22 trials and 4 meta-analyses (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 1317-1320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: advanced colorectal cancer ; chemotherapy ; meta-analysis ; non-operable metastases confined to the liver
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Metastases confined to the liver is a frequent situation in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. For non-operable patients, 5-FU-based chemotherapy is often proposed but the importance of the choice of first line 5-FU regimen remains debatable. Design: In four previously performed meta-analyses, our group had compared bolus intravenous fluoropyrimidines (bolus FU group) with experimental fluoropyrimidines (experimental FU group), consisting of 5-FU plus leucovorin, 5-FU plus methotrexate, continuous infusion 5-FU, or hepatic-artery infusion FUDR. We re-analysed this data set to focus on 1458 patients with non-operable colorectal metastases confined to the liver, randomised in 22 trials. All analyses were stratified by trial and used individual patient data. Results: Median survival times were 11.3 months in the bolus FU group (95% CI: 10.5–12.0 months) compared to 12.7 months in the experimental FU group (95% CI: 12.0–13.1 months). This difference, although clinically small, was statistically significant, with an overall survival hazard ratio of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.79–0.99, P = 0.037). In a multivariate analysis, performance status was the only significant predictor of survival (P 〈 10−4), whereas the statistical significance of allocated treatment was borderline (P = 0.058). Conclusions: The outcome of patient with non-operable colorectal metastases confined to the liver is poor, and mainly driven by their initial performance status. Experimental chemotherapy schedules yield a small improvement in their overall survival, indicating the importance of the choice of first-line chemotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008365511961
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paclitaxel and gemcitabine in advanced non-nasopharyngeal head and neck cancer: A phase II study conducted by the Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 475-478 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; gemcitabine ; head and neck tumors ; paclitaxel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Paclitaxel as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs has demonstrated significant activity in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region (SCCHN). Preclinical studies have shown gemcitabine to be highly active in SCCHN cell lines. Purpose of the study: To evaluate the activity and toxicity of the combination of paclitaxel by three-hour infusion and gemcitabine as first-line chemotherapy in patients with recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck cancer (HNC). Patients and methods: From September 1996 until May 1998, 44 patients with non-nasopharyngeal recurrent and/or metastatic HNC entered the study. There were 37 men and seven women with a median age of 61 years (range 35–79) and a median performance status of 1 (range 0–2). The location of the primary tumor in the majority of them was either the larynx or the oral cavity. Treatment consisted of six cycles of gemcitabine 1100 mg/m2 over 30 min on days 1 and 8 immediately followed on day 1 by paclitaxel 200 mg/m2 by three-hour infusion. The treatment was repeated every three weeks. Results: Twenty-four (55%) patients completed all six cycles of treatment. A total of 205 cycles were administered, 165 (81%) of them at full dose. The median relative dose intensity (DI) of gemcitabine was 0.93 and of paclitaxel 0.95. Except for alopecia, which was universal, grade 3–4 toxicities included neutropenia (21%), thrombocytopenia (5%), anemia (5%), infection (5%), flu-like syndrome (5%) and peripheral neuropathy (2%). Five (11%) patients achieved complete and 13 (30%) partial responses, for an overall response rate of 41%. After a median follow-up of 13 months, the median time to progression was four months and median survival nine months. Conclusions: The combination of paclitaxel and gemcitabine is active and well tolerated in patients with recurrent and/or metastatic HNC – randomized studies comparing this combination with other regimens are warranted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008397424359
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase II trial combining mitomycin with 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cisplatin in recurrent and metastatic undifferentiated carcinoma of nasopharyngeal type (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 421-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; mitomycin ; recurrent ; undifferentiated carcinoma of nasopharyngeal type
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: This phase-II study was conducted to investigate the potential benefit from the addition of mitomycin to a conventional anthracycline-cisplatin- and 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy for recurrent and metastatic undifferentiated carcinoma of nasopharyngeal type (UCNT). Patients and methods: Between July 1989 and December 1991, 44 consecutive patients (M/F 36/8; median age: 45, range 20–72; performance status (PS) 0: 20 patients, PS 1: 14 patients, PS 2: 10 patients) with recurrent or metastatic UCNT were entered in this study after complete clinical, biological, and radiological pre-therapeutic work-ups. Chemotherapy (FMEP regimen) consisted of 800 mg/m2/day 5-fluorouracil in continuous infusion from day 1 to day 4 combined with 70 mg/m2 epirubicin, 10 mg/m2 mitomycin, and 100 mg/m2 cisplatin on day 1, every four weeks for six cycles. Mitomycin was delivered in cycles 1, 3, and 5 only. Eleven patients had isolated loco-regional recurrences, 12 patients had local recurrences associated with distant metastasis, and 21 patients had metastasis only. Toxicity and response were evaluated according to WHO criteria. Toxicity: Grade 3–4 neutropenia was observed in 122 of 212 evaluable cycles (57%) and 39 of 44 patients (89%); febrile neutropenia occurred in 16 patients (36%) and 24 cycles (11.3%). Grade 3–4 thrombocytopenia was observed in 27 patients (61%) and 45 cycles (21%), including 27 of 45 cycles (60%) with mitomycin. Grade 3 anemia was noted in 18 patients (40%) and 23 cycles (11%), including 18 of 23 cycles (78%) with mitomycin. Grade 3–4 mucositis occurred in 25 cycles (11%) and 14 patients (32%), mainly in those previously treated with radiation therapy in the head and neck area. There were four treatment-related deaths (9%); three of them neutropenia-related, and one of cardiac toxicity. Response: Forty-four patients were evaluable for response: There were 23 of 44 objective responses (52%), including six complete responses (13%), and 17 partial responses (38%). Additional radiotherapy was given to 13 patients after documentation of response: Nasopharyngeal tumor + cervical nodes (eight patients) and/or on bone metastasis sites (five patients); mediastinal lymph nodes (one patient). At a median follow-up of 87 months (range 71–100), five patients are alive and in continuous complete remission. The median survival time was 14 months and the median time to progression nine months. Conclusion: The regimen under study is active in recurrent/metastatic UCNT, but associated with excessive toxicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008342828496
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vergiftungs- und Todesfälle durch Substitutionsmittel im Umfeld von substituierten Drogenabhängigen (1999)
    Springer
    Rechtsmedizin 9 (1999), S. 90-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-5196
    Keywords: Key words Methadone ; Dihydrocodeine ; Substitution ; Poisoning ; Children ; Schlüsselwörter Methadon ; Dihydrocodein ; Substitution ; Intoxikationen ; Kinder
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird über 3 überlebte und 4 tödlich verlaufene akzidentelle Intoxikationen, sechs mit Methadon, eine mit Dihydrocodein, berichtet. Die Intoxikationen betrafen nicht die Substituierten selbst, sondern deren Familienangehörige, Bekannte oder Mit-Patienten. In allen Fällen wurden die Substitutionsmittel weitgehend ungesichert und teilweise vermutlich auch unbeschriftet stehengelassen. Den Substituierten selbst war dabei die Gefahr, die von ihrem Substitutionsmittel ausging, offenbar nicht ausreichend bewußt. Diese Fälle zeigen deutlich, daß qualitätssichernde Maßnahmen bei der immer großzügigeren Substitutionspraxis, insbesondere in Hinblick auf „take-home“-Dosen, notwendig sind.
    Notes: Abstract A total of seven cases of accidental ingestion of methadone or dihydrocodeine by four children and three adults are reported of which four were fatal. In each case, someone in the environment was taking methadone or dihydrocodeine as a substitute drug for heroin addiction who obviously did not realize the dangers of methadone for non-addicts. Possible preventive measures are the usage of child-proof containers with adequate labels for take-home medications. Furthermore substituted addicts have to be thoroughly indoctrinated concerning the toxicity and hazards of methadone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001940050087
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recommendations for treatment of contralateral inguinal hernias in children (1999)
    Springer
    Hernia 3 (1999), S. 53-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1248-9204
    Keywords: Contralateral hernia ; Children ; Incidence ; Predisposing disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary It is impossible to determine whether or not a child will develop a contralateral hernia after inguinal hernia repair. There exists no risk score for the occurrence of a contralateral hernia. This well-known fact prompted us to perform the underlying study. In a retrospective trial, we reviewed the files of all children operated on for inguinal hernias in our department from January 1986 until December 1994. During this period, we performed 1721 hernia repairs on 1708 children aged 0–16 years. In 96 (5.6%) of these patients, the indication to operate was a contralateral hernia following previous unilateral repair. Comparison of the ages at the time of primary inguinal repair of those children who developed a contralateral hernia (n=96) and those who did not (n=1612) showed a significantly increased incidence of contralateral hernias if the primary operation was performed before the age of two months (p〈0.0001). Diseases predisposing to hernias were found in 38% of all children (prematurity, dystrophia, ventriculo-peritoneal shunt, ascites, asthma). The authors recommend a contralateral exploration for children under the age of two months if they have any predisposing disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01194602
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The suspensory ligament of the penis: an anatomic and radiologic description (1999)
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 20 (1999), S. 413-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Penis ; Ligaments ; MRI ; Erection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The suspensory system of the penis acquires clinical importance in reparative surgery, traumatology and through its role in erection. The aim of this study was to identify the different anatomic structures constituting the suspensory ligament by dissection and by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ten unembalmed male subjects were used for dissection of the region of the base of the penis. Ten volunteer patients underwent MRI of the penis before and after the injection of prostaglandin (PGE1). The suspensory apparatus consisted of separate ligamentous structures: the fundiform ligament, which is lateral, superficial and not adherent to the tunica albuginea of the corpora cavernosa; the suspensory ligament properly so-called, further back, stretching between the pubis and the tunica albuginea of the corpora cavernosa and consisting of two lateral, circumferential, and one median bundles, which circumscribed the dorsal vein of the penis. These structures were identifiable in MRI and their supporting role was evidenced during tests of erection. The suspensory ligament seemed to maintain the base of the penis in front of the pubis and to behave as a major point of support for the mobile portion of the penis during erection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00276-998-0413-7
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Word-list learning in normally developing children: effects of semantic organization and retention interval (1999)
    Springer
    Italian journal of neurological sciences 20 (1999), S. 119-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1126-5442
    Keywords: Key words Learning ; Development ; Memory ; Children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Immediate and 15-min delayed recall of semantically related or unrelated word lists was investigated in 144 normally developing children ranging from 5 to 10 years of age. Immediate recall for the related and unrelated lists increased in a parallel fashion as a function of age. The ability to cluster semantically related items during immediate recall also improved with age. However, in no age class recall scores and clustering indexes were significantly associated. Forgetting rate passing from the last immediate to the delayed recall trial increased for the unrelated list but decreased for the related list of words as a function of age. Results of regression analyses revealed that a developmental increase in forgetting on the unrelated list was actually due to the higher number of words recalled in the last immediate trial by older children. As for the related list, instead, the larger reliance on the clustering strategy of recall by older children was responsible for the progressive reduction of forgetting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100720050019
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Superficial siderosis of the central nervous system and anticoagulant therapy: a case report (1999)
    Springer
    Italian journal of neurological sciences 20 (1999), S. 247-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1126-5442
    Keywords: Key words Superficial siderosis of the central nervous system ; MRI ; Anticoagulant therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Superficial siderosis of the central nervous system is a rare condition characterized by deposition of haemosiderin in the leptomeninges and in the subpial layers of the brain and spinal cord. With the widespread use of magnetic resonance imaging, an increasing number of cases of superficial siderosis are being discovered, secondary forms being more frequent than idiopathic ones. We report a 78-year-old man in oral anticoagulant therapy, who presented neurosensory hearing loss, gait ataxia and spastic paraparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging suggested the diagnosis of superficial siderosis of the central nervous system, without an evident bleeding source.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100720050039
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chronic neuroborreliosis in infancy (1999)
    Springer
    Italian journal of neurological sciences 20 (1999), S. 303-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1126-5442
    Keywords: Key words Lyme disease ; Chronic neuroborreliosis ; Children ; MRI ; Demyelinating disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Lyme disease is a polymorphic and multisystemic disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi. Neurological manifestations are found in 10%–50% of cases. We present 2 cases followed for 5 and 6 years of chronic relapsing-remitting neuroborreliosis. Diagnosis of neuroborreliosis in these cases was based on serum and cerebrospinal fluid findings. We discuss clinical, neurophysiological, laboratory and instrumental aspects regarding the difficulties of reaching a correct diagnosis. Further studies, especially in the field of immunology, should help identify the mechanisms responsible for the disease becoming chronic. With this knowledge, it may be possible to design immunological therapies for relapses, and to prevent the evolution of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100720050045
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gender-related differences in polyamine oxidase activity in rat tissues (1999)
    Springer
    Amino acids 17 (1999), S. 139-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: Amino acids ; Polyamine oxidase ; Polyamines ; Gender ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Variations in level of polyamines and their related enzymes are frequently observed in response to some treatments which affect in a different way male and female. The possibility of a gender-related difference in the oxidation of polyamines was investigated in rats by measuring the activity of polyamine oxidase, a ubiquitous enzyme of vertebrate tissues, which transforms spermine into spermidine and spermidine into putrescine. The study was carried out on thymus, spleen, kidney and liver of young rats of both sexes, and female rats showed a lower polyamine oxidase activity than male rats in all the tissues. We also found higher values of spermidine acetylation in female than male rats in thymus and liver. Owing to these gender-related differences, a higher spermidine N-acetyltransferase/ polyamine oxidase ratio was found in female than in male rats. A second gender-related difference was a higher spermidine/spermine ratio in female than in male, the only exception being the thymus. These basal differences possibly account for the gender-related differences of polyamine metabolic enzyme activities in response to some treatments, including drugs or hormones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01361877
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence that taurine modulates osmoregulation by modification of osmolarity sensor protein ENVZ — expression (1999)
    Springer
    Amino acids 17 (1999), S. 347-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: Amino acids ; Taurine ; Osmoregulation ; Rat ; Osmolarity sensor protein ENVZ
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Although the involvement of taurine in osmoregulation is well-documented and widely accepted, no detailed mechanism for this function has been reported so far. We used subtractive hybridization to study mRNA steady state levels of genes up- or downregulated by taurine. Rats were fed taurine 100mg/kg body weight per day for a period of three days and hearts (total ventricular tissue) of experimental animals and controls were pooled and used for mRNA extraction. mRNAs from two groups were used for subtractive hybridization. Clones of the subtractive library were sequenced and the obtained sequences were identified by gen bank assignment. Two clones were found to contain sequences which could be assigned to the osmolarity sensor protein envZ, showing homologies of 61 and 65%. EnvZ is an inner membrane protein in bacteria, important for osmosensing and required for porine gene regulation. It undergoes autophosphorylation and subsequently phosphorylates OmpR, which in turn binds to the porin (outer membrane protein) promoters to regulate the expression of OmpF and OmpC, major outer membrane porines. This is the first report of an osmosensing mechanism in the mammalian system, which was described in bacteria only. Furthermore, we are assigning a tentative role for taurine in the osmoregulatory process by modifying the expression of the osmoregulatory sensor protein ENVZ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01361660
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Taurine modulates expression of transporters in rat brain and heart (1999)
    Springer
    Amino acids 17 (1999), S. 301-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: Amino acids ; Taurine ; Transporter ; Rat ; Brain ; Heart
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In pro- and eucaryotic life, cellular and subcellular compartments are separated by membranes and the regulated and selective passage of specific molecules across these membranes is a basic and highly conserved principle. We were interested whether taurine, a naturally occuring amino acid, would be able to induce or suppress expression of transporters with the Rationale that taurine was shown to detoxify a series of endogenous toxins and xenobiotics of various chemically non-related structures. For this purpose we used a gene hunting technique, subtractive hybridization, subtracting mRNAs of taurine-treated rat brain and heart from untreated controls. Subtracted mRNAs were then converted to cDNAs, amplified, sequenced and identified by gene bank data. We found five transporter transcripts, the phosphonate transport ATPase PHNC, multidrug transporter homolog MTH104, protein-exportmembrane protein SECD, oligopeptide transporters oppA and oppD, in the brain and two: ABC-transporter BRAF-2 and cation-transport ATPase PACS, in the heart. Homologies of the sequences found were in any case 〉50% thus permitting the identification of transporters with high probability. The biological meaning could be that a naturally occuring amino acid, taurine, modulates complex transport systems. The most prominent finding is the upregulation of a multidrug transporter transcript, explaining a mechanism for the nonselective detoxifying action of taurine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01366929
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A phase II study of the modulation of 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid with high-dose infusional hydroxyurea in metastatic colorectal carcinoma (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 981-983 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; colorectal cancer ; 5-fluorouracil ; folinic acid ; hydroxyurea ; modulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Hydroxyurea (HU), an inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, may potentiate the activity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and folinic acid (FA) by reducing the deoxyribonucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis and repair. However as HU may inhibit the formation of 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine-5′-monophosphate (FdUMP), one of the principal active metabolites of 5-FU, the scheduling of HU may be critical. In vitro experiments suggest that administration of HU following 5-FU, maintaining the concentration in the region of 1 mM for six or more hours, significantly enhances the efficacy of 5-FU. Patients and methods: 5-FU/FA was given as follows: days 1 and 2 – FA 250 mg/m2 (max. 350 mg) over two hours followed by 5-FU 400 mg/m2 by intravenous bolus (ivb) over 15 minutes and subsequently 5-FU 400 mg/m2 infusion (ivi) over 22 hours. HU was administered on day 3 immediately after the 5-FU with 3 g ivb over 15 minutes followed by 12 g ivi over 12 hours. Results: Thirty patients were entered into the study. Median survival was nine months (range 1–51+ months). There were eight partial responses (28%, 95% CI: 13%–47%). The median duration of response was 6.5 (range 4–9 months). Grade 3–4 toxicities included neutropenia (grade 3 in eight patients and grade 4 in five), anaemia (grade 3 in one patient) and diarrhoea (grade 3 in two patients). Neutropenia was associated with pyrexia in two patients. Phlebitis at the infusion site occurred in five patients. The treatment was complicated by pulmonary embolism in one patient and deep venous thrombosis in another. Conclusion: HU administered in this schedule is well tolerated. Based on these results and those of other phase II studies, a randomised phase III study of 5-FU, FA and HU versus 5-FU and FA using the standard de Gramont schedule is recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008330302535
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Docetaxel and cisplatin: An active regimen in patients with locally advanced, recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 119-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; cisplatin ; docetaxel ; head and neck cancer ; phase II
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Docetaxel and cisplatin are among the most active antitumor agents in head and neck cancer, and phase I studies found the combination of the two drugs to be feasible. The EORTC ECSG performed a multicenter phase II study in patients with locally advanced, recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck to evaluate the antitumor efficacy and toxicity of this combination. Patients and methods: Eligibility criteria included written informed consent, a WHO performance status 〈2, life expectancy of 〉12 weeks, and adequate bone marrow, liver and renal function. Neoadjuvant pretreatment with cisplatin-based chemotherapy or prior radiotherapy were allowed. Patients were ineligible if pretreated with taxoids, had CNS involvement, concurrent malignancy, peripheral neuropathy, or no measurable disease. Treatment consisted of docetaxel 100 mg/m2 (one-hour i.v. infusion), followed by cisplatin 75 mg/m2 (three-hour i.v. infusion), repeated every three weeks. Supportive care included hydration, 5HT3- antagonists, and corticosteroids. Results: Forty-four patients (median age 55 years, range 35–76) entered the trial; 41 patients were eligible, 164 cycles of treatment were evaluable for toxicity, and 31 patients for response. Fourteen patients had undergone prior surgery, 15 had received radiotherapy, and five had had chemotherapy. A median number of four treatment cycles (range 1–6) was given. Hematologic and non-hematologic toxicities were common, but hypersensitivity reactions and fluid retention were very infrequent due to corticosteroid prophylaxis. Four patients were taken off the study due to toxicity, and one toxic death occurred due to pneumonia. Among 41 eligible patients, objective responses as confirmed by independent review included six complete remissions and 16 partial remissions, resulting in an overall response rate of 53.7% (95% confidence interval: 37.4%–69.3%). Responses occurred in locally advanced, recurrent and metastatic disease, both in pre- and non-pretreated patients. Of 22 evaluable, non-pretreated patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease, five achieved complete responses, and 14 partial responses. Observed among nine evaluable pretreated patients with locally advanced or metastatic head and neck cancer were one complete response and two partial responses. Conclusion: The combination of docetaxel and cisplatin is feasible and active in locally advanced, recurrent, and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008360323986
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuroendocrine gastrointestinal tumors – a condensed overview of diagnosis and treatment (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 3-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: α-interferon ; chemotherapy ; chromogranin A ; octreotide ; receptor scintigraphy ; somatostatin ; surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Neuroendocrine gut and pancreatic tumors are rather rare malignant diseases which has gained increased attraction through the last decennium, possibly through development of new diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Histopathology demonstrating the common neuroendocrine features of these tumors has been the diagnostic corner stone for long, but today it should be supplemented with information about the tumor biology. An excellent biochemical marker which is easy to analyze in serum or plasma is chromogranin A, which is a glycoprotein that is stored and released from neuroendocrine cells. This marker can be used for diagnosis and follow-up of the patients. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy has been one of the most important diagnostic tools for staging of the disease and also indicating sensitivity to treatment with somatostatin analogues. It is a general agreement that almost every patient should be subjected to this procedure before or during the treatment course. From the therapeutic point of view, surgery is nowadays more extensive aiming at reducing the tumor mass in patients who could not be cured by surgery alone. Other means of tumor reduction is liver dearterialization by embolization with starch spheres. The medical treatment of neuroendocrine tumors has made a real break through with the introduction of somatostatin analogues, particularly octreotide, and today most of the hormonally related symptoms can be controlled by this kind of treatment. Somatostatin analogues have also shown to be inhibitors of tumor growth and the latest development is tumor targeted radioactive treatment with Ytrium or Indium labelled octreotide. Long-acting formulation of somatostatin analogues have come into clinical use and significantly improved quality of life for patients with neuroendocrine tumors. Other means of medical treatment are alpha interferons, which have shown particular effect in patients with midgut carcinoid tumors giving both biochemical and tumor responses. Chemotherapy such as streptozotocin plus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or doxorubicin is still considered as first-line treatment in malignant endocrine pancreatic tumors but is combined with concomitant somatostatin analogue treatment. In the future a multimodal treatment will further develop combining different agents and also somatostatin receptor subtype specific analogues will come into clinical use.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1027336026601
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytomegalovirus colitis after administration of docetaxel–5-fluorouracil–cisplatin chemotherapy for locally advanced hypopharyngeal cancer (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 1369-1372 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: cancer ; chemotherapy ; colitis ; cytomegalovirus ; docetaxel ; hypopharynx
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We present the case of a patient with a locally advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma who developed a severe cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis after his first chemotherapy course with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), docetaxel and cisplatin. The most probable cause of his CMV colitis is the impaired immunity during a phase of neutropenia after the chemotherapy. Although there was amelioration of the colitis and clinical status after treatment with ganciclovir, the patient later deteriorated and died due to recurrent bacterial infections. This is the third reported case of CMV colitis treated with ganciclovir in a patient with a solid tumour. It is the first report of CMV colitis after docetaxel containing chemotherapy. Although CMV colitis is most frequently observed in immunosuppressed patients such as those with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), transplants and corticosteroid treatment, it has also been reported in less immunosuppressed (elderly, malnourished, ...) and even non-immunosuppressed patients. CMV infection should therefore be included in the differential diagnosis of GI disease in all patients, and when suspected, the clinician should pursue appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008357619646
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Management of adenocarcinoma of unknown primary with a 5-fluorouracil–cisplatin chemotherapy regimen (CFTam) (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 1389-1392 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: adenocarcinoma ; chemotherapy ; primary ; unknown
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Adenocarcinoma of unknown primary comprises up to 10% of metastatic malignant disease. With few exceptions this diagnosis carries a very poor prognosis of a few months with minimal survival advantage to chemotherapy. However there is the possibility that chemotherapy can improve symptom control and quality of life. Patients and methods: Forty-four patients with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary received CFTam chemotherapy regimen (5-FU 750 mg/m2/day by protracted infusion for five days, cisplatin 60 mg/m2 once and tamoxifen 20 mg daily on a 21-day cycle). Disease response and toxicity were collected and survival compared to patients who were not treated or who received different chemotherapy regimens. Results: Overall response to CFTam was 27% with a median duration of 10 months (range 4–26 months). The chemotherapy was well tolerated with no grade 4 non-haematological toxicity and only three patients (7%) grade 4 neutropaenia with only two (5%) patients developing sepsis. There were no toxic deaths. Performance status was maintained or improved in responders. Conclusions: CFTam is a well tolerated chemotherapy regimen with similar efficacy to other regimens described in the treatment of adenocarcinoma of unknown primary. In the absence of a significant survival advantage there is a need to conduct randomised trials of chemotherapy versus best supportive care to quantify any improvement in quality of life or symptom control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008309204979
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Local relapse in primary breast cancer patients with unexcised positive surgical margins after lumpectomy, radiotherapy and chemoendocrine therapy (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 1451-1455 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: breast cancer ; chemotherapy ; margins ; radiotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Inadequate surgical excision with residual involvement of resection margins by tumour after breast conservation results in increased local recurrence rates. To reduce this risk positive margins are, therefore, usually excised. Systemic treatment with tamoxifen or chemotherapy reduces local recurrence, along with radiotherapy. However, no studies to date have examined the correlation between chemoendocrine treatment, together with radiotherapy, and local relapse in patients with unexcised involved resection margins, having had breast conservation treatment. Patients and methods: The histopathology reports were reviewed of 184 patients who were treated from June 1991 to August 1995 within our randomised study of neoadjuvant versus adjuvant chemoendocrine therapy with mitozantrone and methotrexate (2M) ± mitomycin-C (3M) and tamoxifen, used concurrently with radiation following conservation surgical treatment. Histological resection margin was considered positive if ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) or invasive carcinoma was present microscopically less than 1mm from the excision margin. Results: Although 38% of patients had unexcised microscopically involved margins, local relapse rate as first site of relapse was only 1.9% after a median follow up of 57 months. There was no difference in distant relapse (P = 0.2) and survival (P = 0.5) between the positive and negative margins groups. Conclusions: The presence of positive unexcised margins does not have a significant effect on outcome in patients who are treated with chemoendocrine therapy together with radiotherapy. Further clinical trials are required.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008371318784
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A randomized EPOCH vs. CHOP front-line therapy for aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients: Long-term results (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 1489-1492 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: aggressive NHL ; chemotherapy ; CHOP ; EPOCH ; phase III randomised trial
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The value of continuous-infusion chemotherapy (EPOCH) vs. the standard CHOP combination was evaluated in 78 patients with previously untreated aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a randomized phase III clinical trial. Patients and methods: The EPOCH regimen given to 38 patients consisted of the drugs etoposide (50 mg/m2), vincristine (0.4 mg/m2), and doxorubicin (10 mg/m2), all given in a continuous infusion on days 1–4. Cyclophosphamide (750 mg/m2) was administered on day 6 as i.v. bolus, while prednisone was given orally 60 mg/m2 on days 1–6. Courses were repeated every three weeks. CHOP was given to 40 patients as routinely prescribed. Results: Forty-eight patients were males and thirty were females. Their ages ranged from 19–75 years (median 45 years). Forty-three (55%) had grade 2 and thirty-five (45%) had grade 3 pathologic subtype. Nine patients (12%) presented with stage I, fourteen (18%) with stage II, forty (51%) with stage Ill, and fifteen (19%) with stage IV disease. The different clinico-pathologic characteristics, including international index categories, were comparable in the two groups. The number of courses given ranged between 3 and 9 (median 6) for both the EPOCH and CHOP regimens. Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 19 (50%), and 27 (67%) of the 38 and 40 patients for both the EPOCH and CHOP combinations, respectively. After a median observation time of 27 months, the four-year overall and failure-free survival rates were 42% and 30% for the EPOCH and 71% and 54% for the CHOP regimen (P = 0.006 and 0.1 for the overall and FFS rates, respectively). Toxicities were comparable and were mostly of grades 1 and 2, except for hair loss, hematologic toxicities, and infectious episodes which were more common in the EPOCH group. In the EPOCH group, overall survival rates were 55% vs. 22% (P 〈 0.04) at four years for the low-risk (2 prognostic factors) and high-risk (〉2 factors) groups, respectively. Conclusions: Thus, it may be concluded that continuous-infusion (EPOCH) chemotherapy did not improve treatment outcome over that of the CHOP regimen for aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008395014398
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feasibility of tandem autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) in induction failure or very unfavorable (UF) relapse from Hodgkin's disease (HD) (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 1485-1488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: autologous stem-cell transplantation ; chemotherapy ; Hodgkin's disease ; relapses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Despite high-dose therapy and ASCT some patients with aggressive HD fail to achieve long-term survival. Patients and methods: Forty-three patients with induction failure (n = 19) or very unfavorable (UF) relapse (n = 24) from HD were included in a multicentric study of tandem ASCT. They planned to receive two courses of IVA75 with GCSF and blood stem-cell collection. ASCT1 was conditionned with CBV + mitoxantrone (30 mg/m2) and ASCT2 (cytarabine 6 g/m2, melphalan 140 mg/m2 and total body irradiation at 12 Gy or busulfan 16 (n = 4) than 12 mg/kg). After salvage therapy, response 〉50% was observed in 63% of the patients (six patients were included for refractory relapse). Four patients had no ASCT for disease progression; seven patients had only ASCT1 (disease progression, n = 3) and thirty-two patients (74%) received the two ASCT. Results: Hematologic recovery was normal after ASCT1 but delayed platelet recovery was observed after ASCT2 with busulfan in the conditioning regimen. Two VOD with one fatal occured with busulfan at 16 mg/kg and one hemorragic cystis, no further grade 4 toxicity was observed with the reduced doses of busulfan (12 mg/kg). After ASCT2, 83% of these UF patients were in remission and 20% relapsed within the first year. On an intent-to-treat analysis, 22 of 43 patients are in continuous CR (including 8 patients with induction failure). For the whole population (n = 43) and for patients receiving the two ASCT (n = 32), the two-year survival from the date of progression were respectively at 65% and at 74%. Conclusion: double ASCT is feasible in very UF relapse from HD and may lead to some prolonged remission.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008343823292
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epstein–Barr virus related hemophagocytic syndrome in a T- cell rich B-cell lymphoma (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 231-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; Epstein–Barr virus ; LMP-1 ; peripheral blood stem cells ; T-cell rich B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (TCRBCL)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the case of a 30-year-old woman who presented with an EBV related hemophagocytic syndrome. After a few months she developed a T-cell rich B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with liver involvment. Serological data demonstrated a reactivation of the EBV infection. Tumor progression with liver involvement occured during treatment with conventional chemotherapy. Tumor reduction and disappearence of all masses was seen after starting high-dose sequential chemotherapy, followed by an autologous peripheral blood progenitor transplantation. LMP-1 could be amplified in the tumor material by PCR technology, but no LMP-1 expression could be found in the few malignant B-cells with Reed–Sternberg morphology. Sequence analysis of the carboxy terminal of the LMP-1 region revealed the naturally occuring 30 bp deletion variant of the LMP-1 with multiple point mutations within the NF kb region. Since LMP-1 was not expressed in the malignant tumor cells, no evidence could be found, that EBV participated in the tumorigenesis of this case.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008212516595
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weekly gemcitabine and cisplatin in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: A phase II study (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 217-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; cisplatin ; gemcitabine ; NSCLC ; weekly administration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin has proven effective in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the optimal schedule for administration of the two drugs has not yet been determined. In this study we evaluated the activity and toxicity of a weekly gemcitabine and cisplatin schedule. Patients and methods: Thirty-six untreated patients with stage IIIB–IV NSCLC entered the study. Treatment consisted of gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 i.v. and cisplatin 35 mg/m2 i.v., both given weekly on days 1, 8, and 15, followed by one week of rest. Results: Ninety-seven courses (273 weekly administrations) were delivered. The median dose-intensity was 612 mg/m2 per week for gemcitabine (82%) and 21 mg/m2 per week for cisplatin (80%). All 36 of the patients were evaluable for toxicity, and 30 for response. Partial remissions were observed in 12 patients, for an overall response rate of 40% (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 22.5%–57.5%). Most of the partial remissions were seen in IIIB patients (54% of the stage IIIB and 22% of the stage IV patients responded). According to the intent-to-treat principle, the response rate was 33.3% (12 of 36 patients). The median response duration was 9.9 months (range 4–23) and the median survival time 11.8 months (range 1–24). World Health Organization (WHO) grade 3–4 myelotoxicity was: thrombocytopenia in nine patients (25%), neutropenia in six (16.6%) and anemia in six (16.6%); there was very little additional major toxicity. Conclusions: This regimen appears to be active and to have a favourable toxicity profile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008323604269
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Management of cancer in pregnancy: A case of Ewing's sarcoma of the pelvis in the third trimester (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 345-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; Ewing's sarcoma ; pregnancy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Ewing's sarcoma of the pelvic bones was diagnosed in a 21-year childbearing woman, raising major medical and ethical problems. The diagnostic and therapeutic approaches during the sixth month of gestation were tailored in order to cure the patient and avoid unnecessary toxicity to the fetus. Ancillary tests included ultrasound and MRI studies of the pelvis. Ifosfamide and adriamycin, premedicated by granisetron, were administered during gestation, and were found to be safe. Cesarean section was the preferred way of delivery since the tumor involved the pelvic bones. The outcome was a disease-free patient and a small healthy baby who is now two years of age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008235023749
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 83-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; new drugs ; radiotherapy ; small cell lung cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Small cell lung cancers, comprising approximately 20% of lung cancers, are rapidly growing and disseminating carcinomas which are initially chemosensitive but acquire drug resistance during the course of disease. Thus, outcome is poor with median survival of 10-16 months for patients with limited and 7-11 months for patients with extensive disease. Polychemotherapy with established drugs (platins, etoposide, anthracyclines, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide and Vinca alkaloids) plays the major role in the treatment of this disease and results in overall response rates between 80%-95% for limited disease and 60%-80% for extensive disease. Dose-intensified chemotherapy and high-dose chemotherapy with peripheral blood progenitor cell support were tested in several trials but their exact impact on outcome remains to be determined. New drugs including the taxanes (paclitaxel, docetaxel), the topoisomerase I inhibitors (topotecan, irinotecan), vinorelbine and gemcitabine are currently evaluated in clinical trials. In limited disease, thoracic radiotherapy improves survival and prophylactic cranial irradiation should be administered to those with a reasonable chance of cure.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008333713858
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  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recurrent inflammation in a site of previous necrotising fasciitis during intravenous CMF chemotherapy (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 1101-1103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; necrotising fasciitis ; recurrent inflammation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We present the case history of a patient with breast carcinoma who developed repeated inflammation at the site of previous necrotising fasciitis following each cycle of intravenous CMF chemotherapy. This complication has not previously been reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008331511578
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  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complete response of a gastric primary after a short but toxic course of ‘S-1’ (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 1117-1120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; gastric cancer ; oral fluoropyrimidine prodrug ; S-1 ; Tegafur
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the case of an unresected, metastatic gastric cancer, which was treated with a very short course of the oral 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) prodrug S-1. The patient had to discontinue chemotherapy during the first treatment cycle due to severe toxicity, but achieved a pathologically confirmed, long-term complete response of her primary tumour, a diffuse-type poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008364601010
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  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The combination of etoposide and cisplatin in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 13-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: advanced disease ; chemotherapy ; cisplatin ; etoposide ; non-small-cell lung cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The role of chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been a subject of debate for many years. Only recently, cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy has been demonstrated to yield a small but definite survival benefit and to improve symptoms, performance status and quality of life in a substantial proportion of advanced NSCLC patients. The cisplatin–etoposide (PE) regimen was developed in the early 1980s and has been one of the standard chemotherapy programs most extensively used in the clinical practice until a few years ago. More recently, several randomized trials have compared the efficacy of new cisplatin-containing combination chemotherapies including Paclitaxel or Gemcitabine with that of PE or PE-like regimens. Preliminary results are encouraging, indicating a small benefit in favor of the last generation of regimens which might therefore replace PE as 'gold standards' in the treatment of advanced NSCLC. However, the costs of these last generation regimens is higher and the entity of the benefit small. Therefore, PE chemotherapy can still be an option in selected situations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008383600448
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  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemotherapy of non-small-cell lung cancer: Role of erythropoietin in the management of anemia (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 89-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: anemia ; chemotherapy ; erythropoietin ; lung cancer ; review ; toxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Main mechanisms involved in the development of chemotherapy-induced anemia are the direct bone marrow damage and the renal impairment with a secondary deficient production of erythropoietin. The first mechanism is induced by almost all cytotoxic drugs whilst the second one has been demonstrated with cisplatin treatment. NSCLC patients are generally treated with platinum-based chemotherapy and then both mechanisms are involved in the development of anemia which can be, as a consequence, more frequent and more severe compared to other cancer patients. Chemotherapy regimens such as MVP (mitomycin, vindesine, platin), cisplatin–etoposide and cisplatin–teniposide induce grade ≥2 anemia in 64%, 46% and 83% of patients, respectively, with grade 3–4 anemia occurring in 29%, 15% and 24% of patients. New chemotherapy regimens are also associated with a high incidence of anemia. Carboplatin–paclitaxel induces grade 3–4 anemia in 34% of patients and 30% of patients need blood transfusions. Similarly, 33% of patients treated with cisplatin-gemcitabine require blood transfusions. Erythropoietin is able to correct anemia in nearly 60%–80% of patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy and in nearly 40% of patients treated with regimens without platinum compounds, leading to a reduction in blood transfusion requirement. Moreover, erythropoietin is able to prevent anemia development in cancer patients. Due to the high incidence of anemia, erythropoietin may represent an important tool in the supportive care of NSCLC patients. Erythropoietin use is mainly limited by the economic cost and then efforts should be made to identify the subset of patients in whom this supportive therapy is cost-effective. Patient and disease characteristics, factors predicting the probability to be transfused as well as factors predicting the response to erythropoietin can be useful in selecting patients likely to benefit from erythropoietin therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008333111351
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  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase I study of the sequential administration of edatrexate and paclitaxel in patients with advanced solid tumors (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 601-603 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; edatrexate ; paclitaxel ; synergism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The antifolate edatrexate and the microtubule-stabilizing agent paclitaxel have both demonstrated single-agent activity in lung and breast cancer. In vitro, the sequential combination of edatrexate followed by paclitaxel produced synergistic antitumor effects. This trial was designed to find the maximum tolerated doses of edatrexate and paclitaxel when given every two weeks utilizing this sequential schedule. Patients and methods: Thirty-four patients with solid tumors received edatrexate intravenously on days 1 and 15 and paclitaxel intravenously as a three-hour infusion on days 2 and 16 of each 28-day cycle. Edatrexate was escalated from 40 to 120 mg/m2 and the paclitaxel dose fixed at 135 mg/m2. When the maximum-tolerated dose was not reached, edatrexate was fixed at 120 mg/m2 and paclitaxel escalated to 175 and 210 mg/m2. Results: All 34 patients were assessable. The maximum tolerated doses were 120 mg/m2 of edatrexate and 210 mg/m2 of paclitaxel. Grade 3 myalgia, peripheral neuropathy, leukopenia, and an infusion-related reaction occurred. Eight patients with non-small-cell lung cancer and one with bladder cancer achieved major objective responses. Conclusions: The recommended phase II doses are 120 mg/m2 of edatrexate days 1 and 15 and 175 mg/m2 of paclitaxel as a three-hour infusion days 2 and 16 of a 28 day cycle. These results warrant phase II trials of the combination leading to phase III studies comparing the two drugs to a single agent to confirm the preclinical evidence of synergy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026404812699
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  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Daily times four vinorelbine plus cisplatin in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: A phase II trial of a novel schedule (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 989-991 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; multiday vinorelbine–cisplatin ; NSCLC
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of a novel multiday schedule of vinorelbine and cisplatin in patients with advanced NSCLC. Patients and methods: Thirty patients were enrolled, including 27 patients with stage IV disease, and 11 patients with performance status of 2. They received a maximum of four chemotherapy cycles with cisplatin 20 mg/m2/day and vinorelbine 15 mg/m2/day intravenously (i.v.) for four consecutive days, every three weeks, with prophylactic filgrastim. Results: Sixteen patients responded (53%, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 34%–72%), including two complete and fourteen partial confirmed responses. Median survival for all patients was 8.1 months, with actuarial one-year and two-year survival rates of 40% and 15%. Despite prophylactic filgrastim, the delivered vinorelbine dose intensity of 16.8 mg/m2/week caused febrile neutropenia in 48% of patients (16% of cycles), resulting in one treatment-related death. Common nonhematologic toxicities included delayed emesis, asthenia, and constipation. Conclusions: This multiday vinorelbine–cisplatin schedule is highly active against advanced NSCLC but results in frequent neutropenic complications. The myelotoxicity and antitumor efficacy of vinorelbine in NSCLC patients may be schedule-dependent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008355504913
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  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chop Versus Macop-b in Aggressive Lymphoma – a Nordic Lymphoma Group Randomised Trial (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 1079-1086 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: aggressive lymphoma ; chemotherapy ; prognostic factors ; randomised trial
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The long-term survival of patients with advanced stage aggressive lymphoma has not improved significantly during the last twenty years. In a randomised trial, the efficacy of MACOP-B, a six-drug weekly chemotherapy regimen, was compared to CHOP, the current standard regimen, in terms of overall and failure-free survival, toxicity and health related quality of life. Patients and methods: Four hundred five patients with aggressive lymphoma, stage II–IV, age 18–67, were randomised to receive either 12 weeks of MACOP-B or 8 courses of CHOP over 24 weeks. Special emphasis was put in the definition of Ann Arbor stage in extranodal disease. A subset of 95 patients also entered a quality of life study, based on the EORTC QLQ-C30. Results: Thirty-one patients were ineligible. Among the remaining 374 patients, the median age was 52 years. According to the age-adjusted International Prognostic Index, 37% were ‘high-intermediate’ or ‘high-risk’ patients. No difference could be demonstrated, either in overall survival (60% at five years in the MACOP-B group and 59% in the CHOP group) or in failure-free survival (47% at five years with MACOP-B and 44% with CHOP). In terms of quality of life, physical function and global quality of life were more impaired in patients receiving MACOP-B, who also exhibited more non-haematological toxicity. Conclusion: No superiority of MACOP-B compared to CHOP could be demonstrated. CHOP remains the treatment of choice in low-risk patients. At present, intensified or experimental treatment should be reserved for high-risk disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008392528248
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  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemotherapy of Chagas’ disease: the how and the why (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 77 (1999), S. 332-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Key words Chagas" disease ; Trypanosoma cruzi ; chemotherapy ; sterol biosynthesis inhibitors ; nitrofurans ; nitroimidazoles ; autoimmunity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Current developments in experimental chemotherapy of Chagas’ disease are reviewed, in particular the demonstration that fourth-generation azole derivatives (inhibitors of sterol C14α demethylase), with particular selectivity against Trypanosoma cruzi and special pharmacokinetic properties, are capable of inducing radical parasitological cures in murine models of both acute and chronic disease. These are the first reports of parasitological cure of this disease in its chronic phase. We also discuss the relevance of etiological treatment in the clinical outcome of patients with chronic Chagas’ disease. Although previous studies have suggested an important autoimmune component in the pathogenesis of this disease, recent results obtained using highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction based detection methods and detailed immunological characterization of the inflammatory process associated with chagasic cardiomyopathy indicate a positive correlation between tissue parasitism and the severity of cardiac pathological findings. Effective antiparasitic treatment can lead to regression of the inflammatory heart lesions and fibrosis in experimental animals and to stop the progression of the disease in humans. Taken together, these findings support the notion that the presence of the parasite is a necessary and sufficient condition for chagasic cardiomyopathy and confirm the importance of specific etiological treatment in the management of chronic chagasic patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001090050359
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  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High blood levels of nitric oxide in rats subjected to prolonged respiratory arrest and their modulation during adrenocorticotropin-induced resuscitation (1999)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 359 (1999), S. 53-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Key words Asphyxia ; Nitric oxide ; Electron spin ; resonance ; Adrenocorticotropin ; Resuscitation ; S-Methylisothiourea ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Anaesthetized rats, endotracheally intubated and mechanically ventilated with room air, were subjected to a 5-min period of asphyxia by turning off the ventilator. The ventilator was then turned back on and, simultaneously, the animals were treated with either the adrenocorticotropin fragment 1–24 [ACTH-(1–24), 160 µg/kg in a volume of 1 ml/kg i.v.] or an equivalent volume of saline. Nitric oxide (NO)-haemoglobin formation was detected ex vivo in arterial blood by electron spin resonance spectrometry; arterial blood pressure, electrocardiogram (ECG) and electroencephalogram (EEG) were monitored for a 60-min observation period, or until prior death. During asphyxia, there was massive formation of NO (red cell concentrations 40–80 µM), associated with a dramatic fall in mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure, marked bradycardia and ECG signs of ischaemic damage, as well as an isoelectric EEG. Treatment with ACTH-(1–24) produced a prompt (within 15 min) and long-lasting drop in NO blood levels, associated with an almost immediate (within 1 min) restoration of cardiovascular function and with a more gradual recovery of EEG, which became normal after 30–40 min; all parameters remained stable throughout the 60-min observation period. In saline-treated rats, on the other hand, there was a further increase in NO blood levels, as detected 3 min after treatment, and all died within 5–8 min. Moreover, pretreatment and treatment with S-methylisothiourea sulphate (SMT, 3 mg/kg i.v.), a relatively specific inhibitor of inducible NO synthase, inhibited NO formation, but did not affect the mortality rate (100% within 5–8 min). The present results provide the first evidence that prolonged asphyxia is associated with high blood concentrations of NO, and that the life-saving effect of melanocortin peptides in severe hypoxic conditions is associated with a complete normalization of NO blood levels. However, the lack of SMT protection in this experimental model seems to rule out the possibility that the ACTH-(1–24)-induced resuscitation is due to an effect on NO overproduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00005323
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  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ethanol discrimination in the rat: lack of modulation by restraint stress and memantine (1999)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 359 (1999), S. 117-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Key words Ethanol ; Restraint stress ; NMDA receptor complex ; Memantine ; Drug discrimination ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract There is a large body of experimental evidence that both stress and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists may alter acute behavioural effects of ethanol. Notably, an uncompetitive, low-affinity NMDA receptor antagonist, memantine, has been recently claimed to possess anti-craving properties in rats with a long-term history of ethanol consumption. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of restraint stress and memantine on the dose-response curve of ethanol discrimination. Rats were trained to discriminate 1 g/kg ethanol from saline in the two-lever drug discrimination procedure. When ethanol discrimination was acquired, the subjects were exposed to 30-min sessions of acute restraint stress, and different doses of ethanol (0.25, 0.5 or 1 g/kg) or saline were administered. In subsequent experiments the effects of memantine (2.25 or 4.5 mg/kg) on the cueing effects of ethanol were tested. Neither the stress sessions nor memantine influenced the ethanol discrimination dose-response curve. Moreover, the stress did not alter the rate of responding. However, both doses of memantine tended to increase the rate of responding when given in combination with lower doses of ethanol (0.25–0.5 g/kg). In contrast, 4.5 mg/kg memantine decreased the response rate when combined with 1 g/kg ethanol. These results suggest that: (1) pre-exposure to acute restraint stress or memantine does not affect the dose-response curve of ethanol discrimination; (2) memantine given in combination with low doses of ethanol may stimulate operant behaviour in the food-reinforced drug discrimination procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00005330
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  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of otolith chemistry in Nassau grouper (Epinephelus striatus) from the Bahamas and Belize using solution-based ICP-MS (1999)
    Springer
    Coral reefs 18 (1999), S. 171-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0975
    Keywords: Key words Otolith ; Chemistry ; ICP-MS ; Stock discrimination ; Epinephelus striatus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  We examined the utility of otolith minor and trace element chemistry, assayed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), as a means of delineating population structure in the Nassau grouper (Epinephelus striatus). We characterized the elemental composition of otoliths collected in 1993 from three locations in Exuma Sound, Bahamas and from Glover Reef, Belize in 1995. A single location in Exuma Sound was sampled in 1994 to test temporal variability in otolith composition. Five elements (Ca, Zn, Sr, Ba and Pb) were routinely detected, at levels significantly above background, by solution-based ICP-MS. Results from analysis of variance of elemental data, expressed as a ratio to Ca, indicated that there were no significant differences among the Exuma locations for any element, but significant variability was found between Glover Reef and the pooled Exuma localities for Zn/Ca, Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca ratios. Significant inter-annual differences at one Exuma Sound location was restricted to Ba/Ca ratios. Discriminant function analysis correctly classified 86% and 95% of the Belize and pooled Exuma sites, respectively. Otoliths from Belize were characterized by low Zn/Ca and high Ba/Ca and Pb/Ca ratios compared to otoliths from fish collected in Exuma Sound. Although differences in Ba levels may be related to upwelling at Glover Reef, more data are needed to definitely link otolith composition with regional differences in water chemistry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003380050176
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  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nachbarschaft von Tic und Zwang (1999)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 70 (1999), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Tic-Störung ; Zwangsstörung ; Kinder ; Jugendliche ; Neurobiologie ; Psycho- pharmakologie ; Verhaltenstherapie ; Key words Tic-disorder ; Obsessive-compulsive disorder ; Children ; Adolescents ; Neurobiology ; Psychopharmacology ; Behavior therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In children and adolescents motor/vocal tics and obsessive-compulsive behavior are known to be closely related. Thereby, a continuum of symptoms ranging from single tics to a mixed picture of tics/rituals/obsessive-compulsive traits to clinically relevant obsessions and compulsions could be described. As neurobiological substrates dysfunctions in corresponding cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuits (sensorimotor circuit in tic symptomatology, orbitofrontal circuit in obsessive-compulsive behavior) were postulated. For both disturbances behavioral therapy can be used to improve control mechanisms to counterregulate tics and obsessive-compulsive behavior, respectively, and psychopharmacological agents can be administerd to compensate dysbalances in neurotransmitter systems. In case of a mixed symptomatologic picture it is necessary to include interventions for both pols of the symptom-continuum in the therapeutic programme to achieve extensive improvement as a basis for a further positive development of the patient.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Motorische/vokale Tics und zwanghafte Verhaltensweisen kommen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen häufig gemeinsam vor; dabei kann ein Symptomkontinuum von solitär auftretenden Tics über ein Mischbild von Tics und Ritualen/zwanghaften Gedanken und/oder Handlungen bis hin zu eindeutigen Zwangsphänomenen beschrieben werden. Neurobiologisch können diesem Symptomkontinuum unterschiedlich ausgebreitete Dysfunktionen entsprechender kortiko-striato-pallido-thalamo-kortikaler Regulationssysteme zugrunde liegen. Therapeutisch lassen sich bei beiden Verhaltensauffälligkeiten mittels verhaltenstherapeutischer Techniken Steuerungs- und Kontrollmöglichkeiten zur Gegenregulation der Auffälligkeiten verbessern sowie durch Einsatz von Psychopharmaka Dysbalancen von Neurotransmittersystemen ausgleichen. Bei einem Mischbild von Tics und Zwängen sind therapeutische Interventionen für beide Zielbereiche erforderlich. Nur so können umfassende Verbesserungen erreicht und günstige Entwicklungsbedingungen für die betroffenen Kinder und Jugendlichen eröffnet werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050394
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  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Asthma bronchiale bei türkischen und deutschen Schulkindern Häufigkeit, Schweregrad und Behandlung (1999)
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 147 (1999), S. 328-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Asthma bronchiale ; Schulkinder ; Türkische Kinder ; Key words Asthma ; Children ; Turkish children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Objectives: In Germany 4.2% (in Munich 8.6%) of all children under 15 years of age are of Turkish origin, representing the largest ethnic minority in this age group. However, very little is known about the prevalence, severity and management of asthma and other atopic diseases in Turkish children living in Germany. Methods: In a cross-sectional survery the prevalence, severity and treatment of asthma and other atopic diseases was assessed in 7,445 schoolchildren aged 9 to 11 years, living in Munich, southern Germany. Questionnaires were distributed to the parents for self-completion and children underwent skin-prick tests and cold-air hyperventilation challenge. Results: Of those returning the questionnaires (n = 6490/87%), 5,030 (77.5%) were of German and 451 (7%) of Turkish origin. Turkish children showed a significantly lower prevalence of asthma (5.3% versus 9.4%, P 〈 0.05) than their German peers. Furthermore, Turkish children with asthma were less frequently free of symptoms (10.5% versus 34.6%, P 〈 0.05), reported more severe symptoms (41.2% versus 10.9%, P 〈 0.05) and more hospital admissions (55.6% versus 21.6%, P 〈 0.05) due to asthma than German children. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that despite the lower prevalence of asthma and allergy in the Turkish population living in Germany, asthma is a major health problem for Turkish children. Furthermore, these findings suggest inadequate management of asthma in Turkish children.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Türkische Kinder stellen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland mit 4,2% und in München mit 8,6% den größten Anteil nicht-deutscher Kinder in der Altersgruppe bis 15 Jahren. Wenig ist jedoch bisher über Häufigkeit, Symptome und Behandlung von Asthma bronchiale und anderer atopischer Erkrankungen der türkischen Minderheit in Deutschland bekannt. Methodik: In einer Querschnittstudie wurde bei 7445 Schulkindern im Alter von 9 bis 11 Jahren im Großraum München die Häufigkeit, der Schweregrad und die Behandlung des Asthma bronchiale und anderer atopischer Erkrankungen untersucht. Fragebögen wurden von den Eltern ausgefüllt, Lungenfunktionsuntersuchungen und Hautpricktests wurden bei den Kindern durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: Von denen, die die zugeschickten Fragebögen ausfüllten (n = 6490/87%), waren 5030 (77,5%) deutscher und 451 (7%) türkischer Nationalität. Die türkischen Kinder zeigten eine niedrigere Prävalenz von Asthma bronchiale (5,3% versus 9,4%, p 〈 0,05) und Neurodermitis (1,6% versus 12,9%, p 〈 0,001) im Vergleich zu den deutschen Kindern. Signifikante Unterschiede bestanden zwischen türkischen und deutschen Kindern in Art der Symptome und der Krankheitswahrnehmung. Türkische Kinder mit Asthma bronchiale waren seltener beschwerdefrei (10,5% versus 34,6%, p 〈 0,05) berichteten von schwereren Symptomen (41,2% versus 10,9%, p 〈 0,05) und von einer größeren Anzahl von Krankenhausaufenthalten (55,6% versus 21,6%, p 〈 0,05) aufgrund von Asthma bronchiale. Schlußfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse der Studie legen den Schluß nahe, daß Asthma bronchiale trotz der niedrigeren Prävalenz in der türkischen Bevölkerungsgruppe ein erhebliches Gesundheitsproblem bei türkischen Schulkindern darstellt. Die höhere Anzahl von Fehltagen in der Schule und die deutlich höhere Anzahl von Klinikaufenthalten aufgrund von Asthma bronchiale sprechen für eine mangelhafte präventive Behandlung dieser Erkrankung bei türkischen Kindern.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001120050430
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  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Hallervorden-Spatz-Erkrankung Eine Differentialdiagnose des präsenilen Demenzsyndroms (1999)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 70 (1999), S. 471-475 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Hallervorden-Spatz-Krankheit (HSD) ; präsenile Demenz ; MRT ; paramagnetische Substanzen ; Globus pallidus ; Key words Hallervorden-Spatz-Disease (HSD) ; Early onset dementia ; MRI ; Paramagnetic substances ; Globus pallidus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary We report the history of a 38 year old patient who began to develop mental deterioration at the age of 26. After a time of 7 years neurological signs like writing dystonia occured. Hallervorden-Spatz-Desease (HSD) was diagnosed at the age of 36 in vivo with the clinical presentation of severe dystonia, rigidity, dementia, and typical signal loss in the globus-pallidus the reticular part of the substantia nigra, and the nucleus ruber in the T-2 weighted MRI. The „eye-of-the-tiger”-sign, a bilateral hyperintensity in the rostral globus pallidus, was not observed in follow-up examinations. HSD is a rare autosomal-recessive or sporadic disease of unknown etiology. In one third of the patients a dementing process is the first clinical sign of the disorder, and is a rare differential diagnosis of early onset dementia.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Wir berichten von einem 38jährigen Patienten, der im Alter von 26 Jahren eine progressive Demenz entwickelte. Erst nach einem Krankheitsverlauf von 7 Jahren kam es zur Manifestation eines rasch progredienten, dystonen Syndroms bis hin zur Immobilität im Alter von 36 Jahren. Die Diagnose der Hallervorden-Spatz-Erkrankung (HSD) wurde aufgrund des klinischen Bildes im Spätstadium der Erkrankung mit schwerster Demenz, Dystonie und Rigidität in Zusammenschau mit den typischen Signalauslöschungen in der T2-gewichteten MRT im Globus pallidus, dem Nucleus ruber und dem retikulären Anteil der Substantia nigra gestellt. Das „Eye-of-the-tiger”-Zeichen, eine bilaterale Signalhyperintensität im rostralen Anteil des Globus pallidus, wurde, auch bei Verlaufsuntersuchungen, nicht gefunden. Die Hallervorden-Spatz-Erkrankung ist ein autosomal-rezessiv oder sporadisch auftretendes Krankheitsbild ungeklärter Ätiologie. Da sich bei einem Drittel der Patienten mnestische Störungen im Kurz- und Langzeitgedächnis als Erstsymptom manifestieren, stellt die HSD eine seltene Differentialdiagnose eines präsenilen Demenzsyndroms dar. In der diagnostischen Beurteilung kommt der Magnetresonanztomographie eine wesentliche Bedeutung zu.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050464
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  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kindstötung und hebephrenes Syndrom bei metachromatischer Leukodystrophie (1999)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 70 (1999), S. 276-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Metachromatische Leukodystrophie ; Totschlag ; Hebephrenie ; MRT ; Diagnose ; Key words Metachromatic leukodystrophy ; Homicide ; Hebephrenia ; MRI ; Diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary We report a patient with metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) with a first manifestation of homicide. On admission the patient showed a hebephrenia-like syndrom with inappropriate affect, thought disorder and behavioral changes. Magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) findings suggested a diagnosis of MLD, which was confirmed by a decreased activity of leucocyte arylsulfatase A and an excessive urinary sulfatide excretion.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Wir berichten von einem Patienten mit metachromatischer Leukodystrophie (MLD), der im Alter von 16 Jahren ein Kind tötete. Bei der klinischen Untersuchung zeigte er ein hebephrenes Syndrom mit veränderter Affektivität, formalen Denkstörungen und Verhaltensauffälligkeiten. Bei der neuropsychologischen Testung wurde eine starke Beeinträchtigung von Planen und Problemlösen bei insgesamt überdurchschnittlicher Intelligenz nachgewiesen. Die neurologischen und internistischen Befunde waren unauffällig. Anhaltspunkte für eine MLD fanden sich im Magnetresonanztomogramm (MRT) und wurden biochemisch bestätigt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050434
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  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolierte Aplasie des Septum pellucidum bei einem hebephrenen Patienten (1999)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 70 (1999), S. 269-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Septum pellucidum ; Entwicklungs- störungen ; Zerebrale Fehlbildungen ; Schizophrenie ; Magnetresonanztomographie ; Key words Septum pellucidum ; Developmental disorder ; Cerebral malformations ; Schizophrenia ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Absence of the septum pellucidum is a rare developmental disorder of the human brain. Previous reports focused on the association with other cerebral anomalies. We present MRI scans showing an isolated absence of the septum pellucidum. The patient was suffering from a schizophrenic psychosis. Mental retardation or epileptic seizures, which are often found in more complex developmental brain disorders, were not observed. The septal area is part of the limbic system and aplasia of the septum pellucidum could indicate developmental anomalies of the limbic system. The concept of cerebral maldevelopment and the limbic system in schizophrenic psychosis is discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die isolierte Aplasie des Septum pellucidum gehört zu den seltenen dysplastischen Fehlbildungen des Gehirns. Während in älteren Arbeiten das Fehlen des Septum pellucidum meistens im Zusammenhang mit weiteren zerebralen Fehlbildungen berichtet wird, so zeigen neuere Untersuchungen doch häufiger auch isolierte Aplasien ohne weitere Fehlbildungen des Gehirns. Dabei scheint ein breites Spektrum der Fehlbildungen von komplexen Hirnfehlbildungen bis hin zur einfachen Aplasie des Septum pellucidum zu reichen. Kasuistisch wird über die Aplasie des Septum pellucidum bei einem Patienten berichtet, welche kernspintomographisch im Rahmen der routinemäßig durchgeführten bildgebenden Diagnostik gefunden wurde. Klinisch wurde bei dem Patienten eine hebephrene Psychose diagnostiziert. In der Ätiologie der schizophrenen Psychosen werden dysontongenetische Mechanismen diskutiert, v.a. Migrationsstörungen in limbischen Strukturen. Eine erhöhte Inzidenz von Anomalien des Septum pellucidum, v.a. Septum-pellucidum-Zysten ist von mehreren Autoren bei schizophrenen Patienten berichtet worden. Die Bedeutung des Septum pellucidum und des Septum verum als Bestandteile des limbischen Systems werden erörtert und eine mögliche Relevanz für das Konzept der dysontogenetischen Ätiologie schizophrener Psychosen wird diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050433
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  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dokumentation der Auswirkungen von Kinderknallpistolen (1999)
    Springer
    HNO 47 (1999), S. 535-540 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Hörschäden ; Knalltrauma ; Kinder ; Tinnitus ; Erweiterte Hochtonaudiometrie ; Key words Hearing loss ; Acoustic trauma ; Children ; Tinnitus ; High-frequency audiometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The study presents an analysis of 20 cases of acute acoustic trauma caused by toy pistols. The problem generally involves boys within the age range from 6 to 11 years. Half of the incidents involved attacks with toy pistols used as weapons. Auditory damage appeared in two types, each of which had a notch in the audiogram at the frequency range between 10 and 14 kHz. In children, a shot close to one ear can damage both ears. Great differences in the severity of tinnitus were apparent. The most severe cases of tinnitus were observed in the children with no or minor premanent auditory damage. Children experiencing long periods of uninterrupted tinnitus suffer significantly. This is not only detrimental to family-life but also to the performance of the children at school. The total expenses of treatment for these 20 cases were estimated to be approximately 80,000 DM (40.000 Euro).
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Im Rahmen einer Studie wurden 20 Fälle von Knalltraumata durch Kinderpistolen erfaßt und ausgewertet. Die Problematik betrifft fast nur männliche Personen und schwerpunktmäßig den Altersbereich von 6–11 Jahren. Die Hälfte der Vorfälle waren Angriffe, bei denen die Kinderpistole als Waffe eingesetzt wurde, 2 Typen von Hörschäden sind festzustellen, die jedoch beide durch eine Senke im Bereich von 10–14 kHz charakterisiert sind. Bei Kindern kann der Schuß in eines der Ohren auch das andere Ohr schädigen. Sehr große Unterschiede bestehen im Auftreten von Tinnitus. Die Fälle mit starkem Tinnitus haben keine oder nur geringe bleibende Hörschäden. Die von Knalltraumata betroffenen Kinder leiden oft sehr stark unter langanhaltendem Tinnitus. Dabei wird nicht nur das Leben der Familien beeinträchtigt, sondern auch die schulischen Leistungen der Kinder leiden teilweise sehr stark darunter. Für die Therapie dieser 20 Fälle entstanden Gesamtkosten von ca. 80.000,- DM
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001060050420
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  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Chirurgie der erworbenen laryngotrachealen Stenosen im Kindesalter. Erfahrungen und Ergebnisse von 1988–1998 Teil II: Die cricotracheale Resektion (1999)
    Springer
    HNO 47 (1999), S. 611-622 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Laryngotracheale Stenose ; Cricotracheale Resektion ; Kinder ; Tracheotomie ; Key words Laryngotracheal stenosis ; Cricotracheal resection ; Tracheostomy ; Children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Approximately 90% of infants and children with severe acquired laryngotracheal stenoses are tracheotomy dependent and therefore impaired in their physical and speech developments. In addition, tracheotomized infants can be endangered by the cannula due to the possible crusting of secretions or its dislocation. Thus, early repair of a stenosis is mandatory. Within the last 10 years, we successfully operated on 18 children with severe laryngotracheal stenoses. Ten children were treated with a modified Cotton technique. This paper reports our results of cricotracheal resection performed in 8 children since 1994 (age distribution: 7 months through age 15 years). Four children had Cotton grade II stenoses, three had grade III stenoses and one grade IV stenoses. In 3 patients a tracheotomy had been performed at another institution. Since their tracheostomas were too far caudal, they could not be included in the primary resection. All 8 children have been successfully decannulated. Five children without tracheotomies could be extubated uneventfully on the 5th postoperative day. All three primarily tracheotomized children needed further endotracheal stenting with T-tubes because of stomal and suprastomal collapse. Two of these latter children additionally required a tracheoplasty with rib cartilage grafts in order to stabilize the suprastomal trachea prior to decannulation. No patient experienced injuries to the recurrent laryngeal nerves or insufficiencies of the anastomosis. All children’s voices were not impaired. This is the third report in literature of cricotracheal resections in infants and children, indicating that this effective, one-stage procedure is superior to laryngotracheal reconstruction with rib cartilage.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Kinder mit schweren, erworbenen subglottischen laryngotrachealen Stenosen sind zu 90% tracheotomiert und daher in ihrer körperlichen und sprachlichen Entwicklung beeinträchtigt. Zusätzlich sind mit einer Trachealkanüle versorgte Kinder, insbesondere Kleinkinder, gefährdet, so daß die chirurgische Beseitigung der Stenose dringend geboten ist. Wir haben innerhalb der vergangenen 10 Jahre 18 Kinder mit einer schweren subglottischen laryngotrachealen Stenose operiert; 10 Kinder, über die kürzlich berichtet wurde, konnten mit der modifizierten Cotton-Technik erfolgreich dekanüliert werden. Über 8 Kinder (Alter 7 Monate bis 15 Jahre, 4mal Stenose II. Grades, 3mal Stenose III. Grades, einmal Stenose IV. Grades), die wir mit cricotrachealer Resektion (CTR) und thyrotrachealer Anastomose operierten, wird in der vorliegenden Arbeit berichtet. 3 Kinder waren anderenorts bereits tracheotomiert. Da die Stomata zu weit kaudal lagen, konnten sie nicht in die Resektion einbezogen werden. Alle 8 Kinder konnten inzwischen dekanüliert werden und sind beschwerdefrei: Die 5 nicht tracheotomierten Kinder konnten problemlos am 5. postoperativen Tag extubiert werden. Die zuvor tracheotomierten Kinder konnten erst nach endotrachealer Schienung (2mal nach zusätzlicher Trachealplastik mit Rippenknorpel bei suprastomaler Tracheomalazie) dekanüliert werden. Bei keinem der Kinder trat eine Recurrensparese auf. Die Stimme bei allen Kindern ist unbeeinträchtigt. Die CTR, über die bei kindlichen laryngotrachealen Stenosen mit dieser Arbeit in der Literatur zum 3. Mal berichtet wird, ist eine sehr effektive, einzeitige, komplikationsarme Operationsmethode, deren Resultate für Atmung und Stimme günstiger sind, als mit der Erweiterungsplastik nach Cotton.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001060050434
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  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Körperliche Beschwerden bei Kindern in Deutschland und in den Niederlanden (1999)
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 147 (1999), S. 122-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Körperliche Beschwerden ; CBCL/4 ; 18 ; Kultur-vergleichend ; Kinder ; Jugendliche ; Key words Somatic complaints ; CBCL/4 ; 18 ; Cross-cultural ; Children ; Adolescents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Question: What is the frequency of parent-reported somatic complaints of children in Germany and the Netherlands dependent on their age, sex and the education of their parents. Methods: 4876 CBCL (Child Behaviour Checklist) of children aged 4 through 17 years from the general population were analysed. Results: Dutch children were scored higher by their parents than German children. Moreover somatic complaints increased with age and girls were scored higher. The frequencies of somatic complaints varied from 2% for ’problems with eyes’ to 15% for ’headaches’. The presence of one somatic complaint increased the likelihood of concomitant somatic complaints. Conclusion: Somatic complaints of children without any known cause are often seen. Some symptoms are often reported together. More, especially causal studies on the somatic symptoms of children are recommended.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Wie verhält sich die Häufigkeit körperlicher Beschwerden bei Kindern in Deutschland und den Niederlanden nach Laieneinschätzung, gibt es Unterschiede abhängig vom Alter und Geschlecht der Kinder und des Ausbildungsniveaus der Eltern? Methode: 2757 deutsche und 2119 niederländische CBCL (child behavior checklist) über Kinder und Jugendliche im Alter zwischen 4 und 17 Jahren aus repräsentativen Studien wurden mit Hilfe von Varianzanalysen ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: Niederländische Eltern beschrieben mehr körperliche Beschwerden als deutsche. Die Ausprägung auf der Symptomskala stieg mit zunehmendem Alter und zeigte höhere Werte für Mädchen. Die Häufigkeit der Beschwerden variiert von 2% für „Augenbeschwerden” bis zu 15% für „Kopfschmerzen”. Bei Anwesenheit eines körperlichen Symptoms stieg die Frequenz zusätzlicher Beschwerden. Schlußfolgerung: Körperliche Beschwerden bei Kindern treten häufig ohne bekannte Ursache auf, bestimmte Beschwerden werden häufig gleichzeitig beschrieben, wobei die Koinzidenz nicht umkehrbar ist. Weitere, besonders ursächliche Studien auf dem Gebiet der körperlichen Beschwerden bei Kindern sind auch hinsichtlich steigender Kosten im Gesundheitswesen empfehlenswert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001120050409
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  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Naturlatexallergie-Screening bei Kindern mit neurogener Blasenentleerungsstörung (1999)
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 147 (1999), S. 351-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Latexallergie ; Neuogene Blasenentleerungsstörung ; Kinder ; Key words Latex allergy ; Neurogenic bladder dysfunction ; Children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Objectives: The risk to suffer from natural latex allergy is increased in children with congenital neurogenic bladder dysfunction. We, therefore, evaluated whether or not a serologic screening for detection of sensitization to latex is reasonable in these children. Patients and Methods: 40 children aged from 6 months to 17 years were examined by specific questionnaire-based patient histories, and by determination of total serum immunoglobuline E (total IgE) and natural latex-specific serum immunoglobulin E (latex-IgE) by solid-phase immunoassays. Results: 5 children had a history of allergic reaction to rubber containing materials. In 10 children, latex-IgE was elevated 〉 0.35 kU/l, 6 out of these 10 children without a history of allergic reactions to rubber containing materials. There was a positive correlation of elevated latex-IgE values and the number of former surgical procedures (p 〈 0.006), while no correlation was found between elevated latex-IgE values and clean intermittent catheterization (p = 0.408). Conclusion: Compared to questionnaire-based patient histories, serologic screening examination including determination of latex-IgE values may better identify children at risk to suffer from sensitization to natural latex.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Naturlatexallergien kommen bei Kindern mit angeborener neurogener Blasenentleerungsstörung gehäuft vor. Es wurde deshalb untersucht, ob bei dieser Patientengruppe ein serologisches Screening zur Erfassung einer Sensibilisierung gegenüber Naturlatex sinnvoll ist. Patienten und Methode: Untersucht wurden 40 Kinder im Alter von 6 Monaten bis 17 Jahren. Die Untersuchung umfaßte eine gezielte Anamneseerhebung durch Fragebogen sowie die Bestimmung des Gesamtimmunglobulin E (Gesamt-IgE) und des naturlatexspezifischen Immunglobulin E (Latex-IgE) im Serum durch Festphasenimmunoassays. Ergebnisse: 5 Kinder hatten anamnestisch Zeichen einer allergischen Reaktion nach Gummikontakt. 10 Kinder wiesen im Serum erhöhte Werte des Latex-IgE auf, wobei 6 dieser Kinder bisher noch keine Zeichen einer Latexallergie hatten. Pathologische Werte für das Latex-IgE korrelierten statistisch signifikant mit der Anzahl operativer Eingriffe (p 〈 0,0006), nicht aber mit einem durchgeführten sauber intermittierenden Einmalkatheterismus (p = 0,408). Schlußfolgerung: Im Vergleich zur alleinigen fragebogengestützen Anamneseerhebung können durch ein serologisches Screening mit Bestimmung des Latex-IgE mehr Kinder entdeckt werden, die durch eine Sensibilisierung gegenüber Naturlatex gefährdet sind.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001120050434
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  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydroxyproline interference during the gas chromatographic analysis of D/L aspartic acid in human dentine (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 112 (1999), S. 124-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Key words Hydroxyproline ; D/L Aspartic acid ; N-TFA isopropyl ester derivatives ; Gas chromatography ; Collagen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Notes: Abstract The proportion of D- to L-enantiomers of aspartic acid in metabolically isolated proteins has been used by forensic scientists to estimate age at death. We have demonstrated the interference of a derivative of hydroxyproline (N-TFA isopropyl Hyp ester) with the N-TFA isopropyl L-Aspartic (Asp) acid ester during gas chromatography of amino acids. This has serious implications for the accurate quantification of the D- to L-Asp ratio extracted from collagenous proteins. Having demonstrated the potential for this co-elution in amino acid standards, acid-soluble dentine proteins and non-mineralised collagen, we argue that this problem can be overcome either by high resolution separation or by analysis of the (Hyp-poor) non-collagenous protein fraction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004140050214
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  • 52
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    Electronic Resource
    Further accumulation of Cd in renal cellular membranes caused by administration of desferrioxamine to Cd-burdened rats (1999)
    Springer
    Clinical and experimental nephrology 3 (1999), S. 23-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-7799
    Keywords: Key words Desferrioxamine ; Cadmium ; Metallothionein ; Nephrotoxicity ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. Desferrioxamine (DFO) a chelating agent, is used to treat metal toxicity caused by iron and aluminum in patients on hemodialysis. We hypothesized that DFO could also be used to treat cadrium-induced nephropathy. Animal experiments were therefore performed to explore whether DFO removed cadmium (Cd) from the kidneys of rats with a Cd burden. Methods. Rats received subcutaneous injections of Cd chloride (3 mg Cd/kg per day, days 0–7) followed by DFO (50 mg/kg per day, days 8–14). Levels of Cd were determined in liver, kidneys, and plasma. Enzymes assays and histopathological examination were performed in kidneys. Results. In liver, Cd injections elevated Cd levels; subsequent injections of DFO lowered the Cd levels compared with levels after injections of Cd alone. In kidneys, Cd injections increased levels of total Cd and Cd bound to cellular membranes (Mem-Cd), and decreased leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) activity (a marker of renal injury); subsequent injections of DFO elevated levels of total Cd and Mem-Cd, and lowered LAP activity compared with fundings after the injection of Cd alone. After the injections of Cd alone and DFO following Cd the renal levels of Cd were below the critical concentration required to cause renal injury, since no histopathological changes were observed in the kidney. Conclusion. DFO administration to Cd-burdened rats removed Cd from the liver, but led to accumulation of Cd in the kidneys, particularly in the cellular membranes. These results suggest that if DFO is given long-term to Cd-burdened patients, the Cd level in kidneys, particularly in renal cellular membranes, could reach concentrations that could cause manifest renal injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101570050004
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  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Graded compression ultrasonography in the assessment of the “tough decision” acute abdomen in childhood (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 15 (1999), S. 32-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Appendicitis ; Ultrasonography ; Children ; Graded compression ultrasonography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The diagnosis of acute appendicitis in childhood is frequently difficult. In some situations the need to operate is clear, but in others the decisions may be much “tougher” because the clinical findings are equivocal. This is a retrospective study of a consecutive series of 253 children presenting with “acute abdominal pain? appendicitis” who had graded compression ultrasonography (GCUS) because the clinical scenario did not warrant immediate laparotomy. This represents 30% of all cases seen in the study period. The aim of the study was to examine the role of GCUS and a clinical scoring system (the Alvarado score) in patients in whom the diagnosis is uncertain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050506
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  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhalation burns in children (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 15 (1999), S. 50-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Burns ; Inhalation injury ; Children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Survival from serious burns in children has improved substantially in recent years. Mortality is predominantly determined by the total body surface area burned and the often unrecognised inhalation injury. A retrospective review of 4,451 consecutive children with thermal injuries over a 10-year period was undertaken to determine the incidence, clinical presentation, and pathology of inhalation injury and its contribution to morbidity and mortality. Inhalation burns were diagnosed clinically and confirmed endoscopically and post-mortem in 97 (2.2%) children; 77 sustained fire burns (mean age 4 years) and 20 hot-water burns (mean age 18 months). The Moylan classification stratified them into upper-airway burns in 59 children, major–airway burns in 29, and parenchymal burns in 44. Major-airway burns were always seen in conjunction with either upper-airway or parenchymal injury. Stridor and acute progressive respiratory distress were the two main symptoms, the onset of which was occasionally delayed for up to 72 h. Endoscopy was most helpful in confirming the diagnosis and determining airway management. Endotracheal intubation was needed in more than 50% of children, usually for less than 5 days, and was converted to tracheostomy in only 6. Persistent laryngeal and tracheal damage was identified in 4. Secondary pneumonia occurred in 41.5% of children with fire burns and 55% with hot-water burns. Extensive surface burns, parenchymal injury, and secondary pneumonia all contributed to the significant mortality. Post-mortem findings corroborated clinical and endoscopic evidence. This study suggests that inhalation burns were often not recognised, could present late, and usually had significant consequences. Early clinical diagnosis, supported by endoscopic findings and appropriate management, is essential if the high morbidity and mortality amongst these children is to be improved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050511
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  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Actinomycosis of the appendix in childhood (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 15 (1999), S. 63-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Actinomycosis ; Antibiotic treatment ; Appendicitis ; Children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Abdominal actinomycosis (AMC) is a rare infection in children. The appendix is the most common intra-abdominal organ involved. It presents as an undifferentiated mass, forming abscesses and fistulas in the right lower quadrant. The case of a 15-year-old girl with a AMC of the appendix detected by the pathologist after routine appendectomy is discussed. Long-term antibiotic treatment and follow-up by ultrasound and laboratory controls are necessary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050515
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  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A conservative treatment for ingrown toenails in children (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 15 (1999), S. 121-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Ingrowing nails ; Conservative treatment ; Children ; Adolescents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Ingrowing nails are not uncommon in children, and even so receive little attention in the pediatric surgery literature. The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate our modification of the conservative treatment of ingrowing nails. Our technique of local treatment combined with patient education for better foot and toe care was successfully used and well tolerated by 19 out of 20 young patients with ingrown toenails.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050531
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  • 57
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    Electronic Resource
    Effect of antenatal glucocorticoid administration on insulin-like growth factor I and II levels in hypoplastic lung in nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia in rats (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 15 (1999), S. 175-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Congenital diaphragmatic hernia ; Rat ; Glucocorticoid ; Antenatal therapy ; Insulin-like growth factor I and II ; Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract There is increasing evidence to suggest that insulin-like growth factors (IGF) I and II play a crucial role in fetal lung development. Expression of IGF-I and II has been demonstrated to be predominant during fetal life and decreases prior to birth. Antenatal glucocorticoids are reported to improve lung immaturity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of antenatal glucocorticoid administration on IGF-I and II expression in nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) in rats. A CDH model was induced in pregnant rats following administration of 100 mg nitrofen on day 9.5 of gestation (term = 22 days). Dexamethasone (0.25 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally on days 18.5 and 19.5 of gestation. Cesarean section was performed on day 21. The fetuses were divided into three groups: I, normal controls; II, nitrofen-induced CDH; and III, nitrogen-induced CDH with antenatal dexamethasone treatment. mRNA was extracted from whole lung and a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to evaluate the relative amounts of IGF I and II mRNA. Levels of mRNA were expressed as a ratio of the band density divided by that of β-actin, a housekeeping gene known to be expressed at a constant level. Immunohistochemistry using anti-rat IGF I and II antibody was also performed in each group. Levels of IGF I mRNA were significantly increased in group II (0.50 ± 0.08) compared to group I (0.34 ± 0.10) or group III (0.32 ± 0.06) (P 〈 0.05). Levels of IGF II mRNA were also significantly increased in group II (0.95 ± 0.20) compared to group I (0.42 ± 0.07) or group III (0.31 ± 0.09) (P 〈 0.05). Strong IGF I and II expression was observed in the hypoplastic CDH lung (group II), mainly in the bronchiolar epithelium. IGF I and II expression in group I and III lungs was either absent or weak. The finding of significant reductions in IGF I and II mRNA and protein levels in dexamethasone-treated CDH lung suggest that dexamethasone may accelerate the fetal stage of lung development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050548
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  • 58
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    Electronic Resource
    Notochord involvement in experimental esophageal atresia (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 15 (1999), S. 201-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Esophagus ; Atresia ; Notochord ; Adriamycin ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Esophageal atresia (EA) is often accompanied by vertebral defects and other anomalies. The adriamycin rat model of EA has disclosed the embryology of the malformation and shown that the vertebrae and notochord are also abnormal. This study describes the nature of notochord malformations in rat embryos exposed to adriamycin. Time-mated rats received either 1.75 mg/kg adriamycin or vehicle i.p. on gestational days (E) 6 to 9; E-12, E-12.5, and E-13 embryos were harvested, embedded in paraffin, and serially sectioned at 3 μm in transverse plane from the head to the stomach for subsequent PAS staining. The findings in both groups were compared at the three endpoints. Control embryos had neither tracheoesophageal nor notochord malformations. On day 12, only 11/36 adriamycin embryos were normal; 7/36 had abnormal notochords, 11/36 had EA, and 7/36 had both. The corresponding figures for 12.5 days were 12/27, 0/27, 7/27, and 8/27 and those for the day 13 7/23, 5/23, 3/23, and 8/23. The malformed notochords were thickened, bifurcated, or trifurcated in the sagittal plane. The simultaneous presence of notochord and esophageal malformations suggests a direct link between both defects, but our observation of isolated occurrence of both shows that they reflect two expressions of the profound disturbance of embryonic para-axial organization responsible for the cluster of malformations rather than a cause-effect association.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050555
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  • 59
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    Electronic Resource
    Unilateral blunt testicular trauma in pre-pubertal rats (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 15 (1999), S. 457-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Blunt testicular injury ; Rat ; DNA flowcytometry ; Antisperm antibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Injury to the testis breaching the tunica albuginea is known to affect fertility. Blunt testicular trauma with an intact tunica albuginea has been reported to have no effect on contralateral testicular histology and Johnsen testicular maturation score. However, sensitive techniques like DNA flowcytometry have not been utilized so far to evaluate contralateral testicular germ-cell changes. Sixty-four male Wistar rats aged 20 days were randomized into groups I (control), II (unilateral blunt testicular trauma, UBTT), III (UBTT and excision of ipsilateral testis at 6 h), and IV (UBTT and cyclosporine for 30 days). Fertility, DNA flowcytometry of contralateral testicular tissue, and anti-sperm antibodies (ASA) were evaluated. Fertility and haploid-cell percentage of the contralateral testis were significantly decreased compared to controls in early adulthood (100 days). Around 150 days of age, as ASA decreased significantly, fertility and contralateral testicular haploid-cell population recovered and were comparable to the controls. Excision of the traumatized testicle around 6 h after injury or administration of cyclosporine for 30 days protected fertility and the contralateral testis. In contrast to group II rats, ELISA for ASA was negative in group III and IV rats. UBTT affects the contralateral testis and fertility. ASA mediate this damage. Orchidectomy performed around 6 h after trauma or short-term cyclosporine therapy prevents the damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050637
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  • 60
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    Electronic Resource
    Acute scrotal pain in children: results of 543 surgical explorations (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 15 (1999), S. 353-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Testis torsion ; Scrotum ; Appendage ; Cremasteric reflex ; Children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A total of 543 boys suffering from acute scrotal pain underwent emergency surgery between 1986 and 1996. Of these, 91 had a testicular torsion (TT) (16.8%) and 250 had an appendage torsion (AT) (46%). The cause varied with patient age, with most TTs in newborns and boys of 15 years and most ATs in 10–11-year-olds; 21.5% were operated upon within 6 h of the onset of pain and 69.2% within 24 h. Most stayed in hospital for less than 24 h. Pre-surgical examination identified no criterion for excluding TT. We therefore believe that all children complaining of acute scrotal pain should undergo surgery. As release of an inflamed AT reduces pain, three-fourths of the children benefited directly from surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050598
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  • 61
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    Small-cell carcinoma of the ovary of the hypercalcemic type in an 8-year-old girl (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 15 (1999), S. 431-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Ovarian tumor ; Children ; Hypercalcemia ; Small-Cell carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Tumors of the ovary in girls represent about 80% of pediatric genital tumors; approximately 30% of these tumors are malignant. The risk of malignancy increases with decreasing age. The most frequent finding is a teratoma; other tumors are rare. Small-cell carcinoma (SCCO) of the ovary is extremely rare, occurring mostly in young women. We present an 8-year-old girl with a SCCO of the hypercalcemic type. The findings and treatment are discussed with emphasis on the poor prognosis in these patients, even in stage 1 disease. The current literature is reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050625
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  • 62
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    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic resonance imaging helps in the early diagnosis of myositis ossificans in children (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 15 (1999), S. 287-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Soft-tissue tumor ; Myositis ossificans ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two cases on myositis ossificans circumscripta (MOC) in the arm are reported. Plain X-ray films and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed in both cases. In the first, an intramuscular tumor-like mass without calcifications was found on MRI with soft-tissue edema extension. In the second, MRI disclosed additional bone-marrow edema. The diagnosis of MOC was confirmed by biopsy in one case and by follow-up in the other. MOC is a benign soft-tissue lesion that is rare in children, with an acute course and usually spontaneously favorable evolution. The differential diagnosis from an infection or a malignant tumor remains difficult. The best imaging modalities are conventional radiography and MRI. The MRI patterns of MOC are typical but not pathognomonic; typical MRI findings in conjunction with clinical symptoms during the early phase of MOC permit the postponement of a biopsy or aggressive surgical procedures. Surgery is indicated for cases not showing typical MOC calcifications at a later stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050580
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  • 63
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    Experimental unilateral undescended testis: gubernaculectomy and anchoring or direct suture fixation? (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 15 (1999), S. 461-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Unilateral undescended testis ; Rat ; Testicular injury ; DNA flowcytometry ; Anti-sperm antibody
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study was designed to evaluate whether creation of a unilateral undescended testis (U/L UDT) in rats by direct fixation of the testis can lead to changes in the contralateral (C/L) descended testis, and if so, whether this inherent problem of the model could be eliminated by anchoring the divided gubernaculum to indirectly fix the testis. Thirty male newborn rats were divided into three groups of 10 each and the procedure done on the 2nd day of life to create U/L UDT according to the group allocated: group I: sham-operated; group II: anchoring the gubernaculum after gubernaculectomy; group III: Direct suture fixation of the testis. Fertility, C/L testicular weight (TW), Johnsen score, seminiferous tubular diameter (STD), DNA flowcytometry, and serum anti-sperm antibodies (ASA) were studied. Fertility, C/L TW, Johnsen score, STD, and haploid cell population were significantly reduced in group III compared to group II, while significantly higher titers of ASA were found in group III. Gubernaculectomy and anchoring the gubernaculum to the anterior abdominal wall is a better technique of creation of experimental UDT, as direct fixation of the testis is potentially detrimental to the C/L normal, descended testis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050638
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  • 64
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    Electronic Resource
    Hydatid cyst of the pancreas: a case report with 5 years' follow-up (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 15 (1999), S. 579-581 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Hydatid disease ; Pancreas ; Children ; Echinococcosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Primary hydatid disease of the pancreas is rare. The authors report a 3-year-old girl who had a cystic mass in the head of the pancreas with no other viscera involved. At laparatomy the entire endocyst was totally extracted from the surrounding pancreatic parenchyma. The postoperative course was uneventful. She is currently disease-free with a follow-up of 5 years. Only four other pediatric cases have been reported in the English literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050677
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  • 65
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    Electronic Resource
    A method to overcome the inability to draw blood from central venous lines in children (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 15 (1999), S. 525-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Central venous catheters ; Children ; Complications
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The insertion of central venous catheters has become an established practice in the management of children with different types of malignancies for the administration of chemotherapeutic agents, antibiotics, blood and blood products, as well as drawing blood for various investigations. A commonly encountered problem is that despite the catheter being patent it may be impossible to draw blood from it. We believe this is related to the cut of the catheter tip. To overcome this problem, a technique for cutting the tip of the catheter is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050659
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  • 66
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    Electronic Resource
    Bone scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging after transtrochanteric rotational osteotomy (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 251-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Hip joint ; Osteonecrosis ; MRI ; Bone scintigraphy ; Femoral head ; Transtrochanteric rotational osteotomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. To assess the ability of bone scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict the outcome of transtrochanteric rotational osteotomy (TRO) for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Design. This study was a prospective evaluation of imaging techniques. Patients and methods. MRI and bone scintigraphy were performed on 20 hips in 18 patients at 3 months after TRO. The radiographic findings at 3 months after TRO, and the MRI and bone scintigraphic findings, were compared with the radiographic findings at final follow-up (mean 39 months). Results and conclusions. On MRI a low-intensity area or a low-intensity band in the new weight-bearing area extending over the acetabular edge on T1-weighted images was related to the presence of collapse on the radiographs at final follow-up. In hips with an area of absent activity in the new weight-bearing surface on bone scintigraphy, collapse was seen more frequently on radiographs at final follow-up than in hips without this feature. Bone scintigraphy was no more specific than radiography in predicting the outcome after TRO. We consider MRI to be superior to bone scintigraphy in predicting the occurrence of collapse, which is one of the major short-term problems after TRO.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050511
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  • 67
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    Subacromial-subdeltoid lipoma arborescens associated with a rotator cuff tear (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 283-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Lipoma arborescens ; Synovial membrane ; MRI ; Shoulder ; Bursitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A 44-year-old man presented with lipoma arborescens of the right shoulder, associated with a rotator cuff tear. MRI revealed villous proliferations with signal intensity of fat on all pulse sequences. At surgery, this bursa was found to contain moderately yellow cloudy fluid without fat globules. Histological examination of the lesion showed subsynovial accumulation of mature fat cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050517
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  • 68
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    Electronic Resource
    Osteogenic sarcoma with skeletal muscle metastases (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 298-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Osteosarcoma ; MRI ; Metastases ; skeletal muscle ; Soft tissue neoplasm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Two cases of osteogenic sarcoma with skeletal muscle metastases are described. A 40-year-old woman presented with progressive swelling of both calves and a soft tissue back lump. She had been diagnosed with mandibular chondroblastic osteogenic sarcoma 6 years earlier. Radiographs showed calcified masses. MRI scans and bone scintigraphy revealed multiple soft tissue masses in both calves. Bone scintigraphy also showed uptake in the back lump, right thigh and left lung base. Biopsy confirmed metastatic chondroblastic osteogenic sarcoma, which initially responded well to chemotherapy. However, the metastatic disease subsequently progressed rapidly and she died 21 months after presentation. The second case concerns a 20-year-old man who presented with a pathologic fracture of the humerus, which was found to be due to osteoblastic osteogenic sarcoma. He developed cerebral metastases 17 months later, followed by metastases at other sites. Calcified masses were subsequently seen on radiographs of the abdomen and chest. CT scans confirmed the presence of densely calcified muscle metastases in the abdominal wall, erector spinae and gluteal muscles. The patient’s disease progressed rapidly and he died 30 months after presentation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050521
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  • 69
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    Electronic Resource
    Vertebral intra-osseous chordoma or giant notochordal rest? (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 342-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Chordoma ; Notochordal rest ; MRI ; Vertebra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Chordomas of the lumbar vertebral bodies are rare. We report an unusual case of an entirely intra-osseous chordoma of the fifth lumbar vertebra treated by vertebrectomy. Conventional radiographs and scintigraphy were normal. The lesion was well visualised by MR imaging, but showed only slight sclerosis on CT. We give our reasons for making a diagnosis of chordoma rather than giant notochordal rest and discuss the problems of management resulting from this diagnostic dilemma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050528
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  • 70
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    Electronic Resource
    Extraosseous calcified plasmacytoma causing thoracic myelopathy (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 347-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Plasmacytoma ; Plasmacytoma ; amyloid ; Plasmacytoma ; calcified ; Plasmacytoma ; extraosseous ; Plasmacytoma ; thorax ; Plasmacytoma ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We report on a rare, calcified, plasma cell tumor of the spine causing progressive myelopathy. Other unusual features were the lack of an osseous lesion at the site of the mass, considerable calcified amyloid within the mass but no identifiable amyloid elsewhere, and normal serum immunoelectrophoresis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050529
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  • 71
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    Electronic Resource
    Spinal osteoblastoma: CT and MR imaging with pathological correlation (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 33-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Osteoblastoma ; Spine ; Radiography ; CT ; MRI ; Pathology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objectives. To illustrate the CT and MRI features of spinal osteoblastomas and correlate the imaging with histological findings. Design. In a retrospective review the CT and MRI features of spinal osteoblastomas with respect to mineralisation, signal intensity (SI), adjacent reactive changes, enhancement following gadolinium-DTPA (5 cases) and adjacent soft tissue masses were compared and correlated with the histological findings including the degree of osteoid formation and matrix mineralisation, vascularity and surrounding reactive changes in bone and soft tissue. Patients. Eleven patients (7 males and 4 females; age range 8–43 years, mean age 19.5 years) with 12 osteoblastomas (1 patient suffered a recurrence) were studied. Results. All lesions showed classical features on CT with varying degrees of matrix mineralisation, whereas MRI identified mineralisation in only eight of 12 cases. MRI showed low signal intensity of the lesion on both T1- and T2-weighted sequences in several cases in the absence of heavy mineralisation. In these cases, histological examination revealed diffuse osteoid production by the tumour. All patients given gadolinium showed enhancement within the tumour on MRI. Reactive bone marrow changes were identified on MRI in 10 cases, and in five of these the changes were at multiple levels. An adjacent soft tissue mass was demonstrated in five cases, but extraosseous tumour was present histologically in only two of these. Conclusions. The MRI appearances of spinal osteoblastomas are varied and show no characteristic features. MRI may also overestimate the extent of the lesion due to extensive reactive changes and adjacent soft tissue masses. CT should continue to be the investigation of choice for the characterisation and local staging of suspected spinal osteoblastomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050469
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  • 72
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    Electronic Resource
    Cryptococcoma of the sacrum (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 49-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Cryptococcoma ; sacrum ; Cryptococcoma ; immunocompromised ; MRI ; sacrum ; CT ; sacrum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Cryptococcoma of the sacrum was the initial presentation of systemic cryptococcosis in a patient on chronic steroid therapy for autoimmune hepatitis. The bone lesion was the only overt manifestation of systemic cryptococcal disease, which preceded other clinical manifestations and led to the subsequent diagnosis of systemic infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050472
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  • 73
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    Imaging of acute injuries of the articular surfaces (chondral, osteochondral and subchondral fractures) (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 545-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Trauma ; Joints ; injuries ; Joints ; radiography ; Joints ; MRI ; Cartilage ; Bones ; fractures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Fractures involving the articulating surfaces of bone are a common cause of chronic disability after joint injury. Acute fractures of the articular surface typically run parallel to the surface and are confined to the cartilage and/or the immediate subchondral cancellous bone. They should be distinguished from vertical or oblique bone fractures with intra-articular extension. This article reviews the mechanism of acute articular surface injuries, as well as their incidence, clinical presentation, radiologic appearance and treatment. A classification is presented based on direct inspection (arthroscopy) and imaging (especially MRI), emphasizing the distinction between lesions with intact (subchondral impaction and subchondral bone bruises) and disrupted (chondral, osteochondral lesions) cartilage. Hyaline cartilage, subchondral bone plate and subchondral cancellous bone are to be considered an anatomic unit. Subchondral articular surface lesions, osteochondral fractures and solely chondral fractures are different manifestations of impaction injuries that affect the articulating surface. Of the noninvasive imaging modalities, conventional radiography and MRI provide the most relevant information. The appropriate use of short tau inversion recovery, T1-weighted and T2-weighted (turbo) spin-echo as well as gradient-echo sequences, enables MRI to classify the various acute articular surface lesions with great accuracy and provides therapeutic guidance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050618
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  • 74
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    Intra-articular entrapment of the medial collateral ligament: radiographic and MRI findings (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 658-660 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Medial collateral ligament ; tear ; interposition ; Knee ; MRI ; Posterolateral dislocation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Displacement of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) into the medial knee joint is an extremely rare finding associated with MCL tears, and is easily diagnosed on magnetic resonance imaging. A case of intra-articular interposition of the MCL during a severe knee injury is presented. A radiolucent ”fat stripe” sign and adjacent skin dimpling on radiographs may be relatively specific indicators of this injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050570
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  • 75
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    Internal derangements of the shoulder: decision tree and cost-effectiveness analysis of conventional arthrography, conventional MRI, and MR arthrography (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 670-678 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Shoulder ; arthrography ; Shoulder ; comparative studies ; Shoulder ; injury ; Shoulder ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Purpose. In a patient with internal derangement of the shoulder, the diagnostic method of choice is controversial. Conventional arthrography can diagnose most rotator cuff tears accurately; however, in many institutions MR arthrography is usually necessary to diagnose labral tears. We utilized decision tree methodology to compare the cost- effectiveness of conventional arthrography and conventional MRI with a hypothetical algorithm in which a patient underwent arthrography, performed with admixed gadolinium, which if negative, was followed by MRI. Design. The use of double-contrast arthrography alone, conventional MRI alone, and gadolinium-enhanced MRI used as an adjunct to conventional arthrography were modeled for the diagnosis of full-thickness rotator cuff tears (RCT), partial RCTs, labral tears, and the absence of cuff/labral tears using decision analysis methodology. English language medical publications were searched to determine the base probabilities for the accuracy of the diagnostic tests. The outcome utilities ranged from –1 to +1 to reflect the value of correct diagnostic evaluation. Charges for diagnostic tests and appropriate surgical treatments were based on 1997 Medicare reimbursement rates for professional fees and hospital charges in an outpatient setting. Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of uncertainty regarding the prevalence of each disease state and the accuracy of several diagnostic tests. Results. In the base-case analysis, the average effectiveness of double-contrast arthrography alone, MRI alone and arthrography selectively followed by MRI were 0.6610, 0.6715, and 0.7204, respectively. The average costs for each of these strategies were $1090, $2033, and $2339, respectively. Conclusion. Arthrography performed with admixed diluted gadolinium, which if negative is immediately followed by MRI, was somewhat more expensive than conventional MRI. However, because of much greater effectiveness, cost-effectiveness was significantly higher for our proposed algorithm. Conventional arthrography without gadolinium, although less expensive, had severely limited effectiveness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050572
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  • 76
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    Magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of ligament injuries (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 61-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Ligament ; Ligament injury ; MRI ; Soft tissue injury ; Soft tissue trauma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Magnetic resonance imaging has had a dramatic effect on the means by which we diagnose ligament injuries. Tears resulting from either acute trauma or overuse can be detected noninvasively, directing appropriate therapy be it conservative or surgical. For the elite athlete, earlier diagnosis leads to earlier intervention, or alternatively, a normal MRI examination can result in an earlier return to play. While MRI is accepted for the diagnosis of certain injuries such as complete tears of the cruciate ligaments of the knee, other injuries, such as partial cruciate ligament tears or tears of the intercarpal ligaments of the wrist, remain controversial.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050476
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  • 77
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    Progressive destructive vertebral sarcoid leading to surgical fusion (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 717-722 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Sarcoid ; vertebrae ; Sarcoid ; rib ; Sarcoid ; calvarium ; Osteolytic ; CT ; MRI ; Surgical fusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Skeletal sarcoidosis is rare. This report describes a 31-year-old African American man who presented with a destructive osteolytic lesion of C2 and another lesion in a rib. The lesion at C2 was treated with corpectomy and bone graft. Four months later the lesion recurred and a new lesion was discovered in the cervical vertebral column. The patient declined surgery for instability for another 3 months, choosing to remain in a halo. Seven months following the initial operation, a technetium bone scan showed spread of the disease to the calvarium and thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. The patient had no symptoms referable to these sites. The patient agreed to have his neck fused at this point. For the next 10 months, the patient was on steroids and a further new lesion appeared at L5 without localizing signs or symptoms. The patient declined further evaluation over the next 12 months and is now considered lost to follow-up.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050580
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  • 78
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    Peroneal nerve palsy caused by intraneural ganglion (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 52-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Intraneural ganglion ; Peroneal nerve palsy ; Drop foot ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A case of peroneal nerve palsy caused by an intraneural ganglion is presented. The cystic mass was located posterolateral to the lateral femoral condyle and extended along the common peroneal nerve distal to the origin of the peroneus longus muscle. The nerve was compressed in the narrow fibro-osseous tunnel against the fibula neck and the tight origin of the peroneus longus muscle. The nerve was decompressed by complete tumor excision and transection of the origin of the peroneus longus muscle. Full recovery of nerve function was obtained in 6 months.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050473
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  • 79
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    Extraskeletal osteochondroma of the foot (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 594-598 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Osteochondroma ; Chondroma ; Extraskeletal tumor ; Soft tissue tumor ; Foot ; CT ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A case of pathologically proven extraskeletal osteochondroma is presented with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), bone scan and radiographic findings. The diagnosis of extraskeletal osteochondroma should be considered when a discrete, ossified mass is localized in the soft tissues of the distal extremities. Nomenclature surrounding this entity is controversial and is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050626
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    The septic versus nonseptic inflamed joint: MRI characteristics (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 616-620 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Joint ; MRI ; Infectious arthritis ; Septic joint ; Inflammation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. To differentiate the MR features of septic versus nonseptic inflamed joints. Design and patients. Thirty patients were referred for MRI with inflamed joints (19 were subsequently found to be septic and 11 nonseptic). At 1.5 T enhanced MRI five groups of signs related to joint space, synovium, cartilage, bone and peri-articular soft tissue respectively were assessed and compared between the septic and nonseptic groups. Results. The prevalence of MRI findings in septic versus nonseptic joints (respectively) was as follows: effusion (79% vs 82%), fluid outpouching (79% vs 73%), fluid heterogeneity (21% vs 27%), synovial thickening (68% vs 55%), synovial periedema (63% vs 55%), synovial enhancement (94% vs 88%), cartilage loss (53% vs 30%), bone erosions (79% vs 38%), bone erosions enhancement (77% vs 43%), bone marrow edema (74% vs 38%), bone marrow enhancement (67% vs 50%), soft tissue edema (63% vs 78%), soft tissue enhancement (67% vs 71%), periosteal edema (11% vs. 10%). The presence of bone erosions appeared to be an indicator for an infected joint (P=0.072); coexistence of bone marrow edema slightly improves the significance (0.068). A similar trend was obtained when combining bone erosions with either synovial thickening, synovial periedema, bone marrow enhancement or soft tissue edema (P=0.075). Conclusions. The combination of bone erosions with marrow edema is highly suggestive for a septic articulation; the additional coexistence of synovial thickening, synovial edema, soft tissue edema or bone marrow enhancement increases the above level of confidence. Similar to conventional radiography, the single sign that appeared to show a significant trend was the presence of bone erosions. However, no single sign or combination could either be considered pathognomonic or exclude the presence of a joint infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050562
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  • 81
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    Locking of metacarpophalangeal joints in a patient with acromegaly (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 655-657 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Acromegaly ; Locking ; Metacarpophalangeal joint ; Osteophyte ; Volar plate hypertrophy ; Radiography ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A 39-year-old man with acromegaly exhibited locking of metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints of both index fingers. Large osteophytes were found at the metacarpal heads by radiography and computerized tomography (CT). Magnetic resonance (MR) images revealed hypertrophy of volar plates. We suggest that these characteristic acromegalic features caused locking of MCP joints. Surgery was required on one of the joints to release the locking.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050569
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  • 82
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    Proliferative myositis in a child (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 703-709 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Proliferative myositis ; Childhood ; Lumbar muscles ; Ossification ; X-ray ; CT ; MRI ; PET
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A case of proliferative myositis in the lumbar paraspinal muscles in a 14-year-old boy is presented. Imaging investigations including plain radiograph, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), bone scan and positron emission tomography (PET) were suggestive of an inflammatory process such as myositis ossificans. The diagnosis was made by incisional biopsy. More pronounced edema, more muscle fiber necrosis and a higher cellularity were found compared to adult cases. The karyotype of the lesion was normal. Clinically, the mass disappeared spontaneously. After 24 months, asymptomatic bridging ossification between the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae was noted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050577
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  • 83
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    Intracapsular origin of the long head of the biceps tendon (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 178-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Shoulder ; Biceps tendon ; Anomaly ; Arthroscopy ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A developmental anomaly of the long head of the biceps tendon was found in a cadaveric shoulder. Findings on arthroscopy, routine MR imaging, and MR arthrography were compared and correlated with results of anatomic dissection. MR arthrography appears to be a very good diagnostic imaging method for depicting this anomaly prior to arthroscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050497
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  • 84
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    Expression of pyruvate kinase M2 in preneoplastic hepatic foci of N-nitrosomorpholine-treated rats (1999)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 434 (1999), S. 213-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Pyruvate kinase isoenzymes ; N-Nitrosomorpholine ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The expression of the pyruvate kinase (PK) isoenzymes L and M2 was analysed in the livers of rats treated with the hepatocarcinogenic agent N-nitrosomorpholine (NNM) in the drinking water. In control animals L-PK expression was restricted to liver parenchymal cells, whereas M2-PK was detected in bile duct epithelial, blood vessel wall, endothelial and Kupffer cells. In rats treated with NNM proliferating oval cells were consistently L-PK negative and M2-PK positive, while the ductal cells of cholangiofibroses were clearly L-PK positive and coexpressed M2-PK. However, no morphological differentiation of ductal cells into hepatocyte-like cells was observed. In the clear and acidophilic cell foci storing glycogen in excess strong staining for L-PK was observed. In glycogen-poor foci induced by NNM a shift from L-PK to M2-PK expression takes place.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004280050330
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    Expression of laminin-2 by normal and neoplastic rat C cells during the development of medullary thyroid carcinoma (1999)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 434 (1999), S. 325-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Medullary thyroid carcinoma ; Basement membrane ; Laminin ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) originates from C cells, which secrete calcitonin (CT), their specific marker. C cells are located in contact with the basement membrane (BM) of the thyroid follicles, which is partly made up of the laminin-2 isoform synthesized by thyrocytes. During oncogenesis, proliferation of the C cells, invading the centre of the follicles, leads to a break in their normal contact with the BM. As specific interactions of cells with BM components, especially laminins, are important for proliferation and differentiation, we investigated the relationships of normal and neoplastic C cells with laminin in the Wag/Rij rat model of human MTC. Immunocytochemical studies showed a progressive loss of the laminin layer underlying the hyperplastic C cell nodules around the large dedifferentiated tumours. The α2, β1 and γ1 chains of the laminin-2 isoform were synthesized and secreted by rat MTC 6–23 cell cultures and the tumours induced by subcutaneous injection of these cells. In situ hybridization combined with anti-CT immunocytochemistry showed a low expression of α2 mRNA on differentiated C cells and thyrocytes, but an overexpression on immunonegative spontaneous MTC and induced intrathyroid tumours. The high level of α2 gene expression, together with tumour dedifferentiation, suggests a relationship with malignancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004280050348
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  • 86
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    The Establishment of Sublines with Opposite Chemosensitivity from a Patient with Pulmonary Large Cell Carcinoma and the Implementation of Treatment Based on Tumor Heterogeneity (1999)
    Springer
    Surgery today 29 (1999), S. 1024-1029 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: Key Words: lung cancer ; culture ; heterogeneity ; drug screening assay ; subline ; chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005950050639
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  • 87
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    Ureteral growth in animal models with increased renal excretion of urine (1999)
    Springer
    Urological research 27 (1999), S. 41-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Key words Ureter ; Histology ; Polyuria ; Diabetes mellitus ; Nephrectomy ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The influence of increased functional load on the macroscopical and histological appearance of the ureter was investigated. Sixty rats were divided into five groups: (1) sucrose-fed rats with non-osmotic polyuria; (2) diabetic rats with osmotic polyuria; (3) uninephrectomized rats; (4) sham-operated control rats; and (5) control rats. The 24-hour urinary volume was measured on days 7, 14 and 21. Growth of the kidney, ureter and bladder was investigated and the histological appearance of the ureter was further evaluated. Diabetic and sucrose-fed rats had comparable polyuria with a seven-fold increase in urinary output. The urinary volume for the remaining kidney was doubled in uninephrectomized rats. After 3 weeks, diabetic rats had increased weight of the kidney, ureter and bladder, sucrose-fed rats had increased weight of the bladder, whereas uninephrectomized rats had increased weight of the kidney and ureter. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of the ureter wall from control rats increased from the proximal to the distal portion. The size of the whole ureter from diabetic rats was dramatically increased, the CSA of the wall of the distal ureter portion being four times that of the controls. The CSA of the ureter wall from sucrose-fed rats was increased only in the distal portion, whereas the ureter from uninephrectomized rats was increased only in the proximal portion. The results demonstrate the importance of differentiating between different portions of the rat ureter when examining histological sections of this organ. Moreover, polyuria per se is shown to induce growth of the bladder and of the adjacent distal part of the ureter, whereas uninephrectomy and diabetes caused growth of the kidney and the upper parts of the ureter, in addition to the growth induced by polyuria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002400050087
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  • 88
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    Nonbacterial prostatitis caused by partial urethral obstruction in the rat (1999)
    Springer
    Urological research 27 (1999), S. 346-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Key words Nonbacterial prostatitis ; Animal model ; Partial urethral obstruction ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The pathogenesis of nonbacterial prostatitis (NBP) is not understood mainly due to the lack of appropriate experimental models. We developed a new experimental model of NBP by inducing a partial obstruction of the urethra (PUO) in the rat. Male Wistar rats aged 12 weeks were used. PUO was produced by a nylon ligature on the urethra over a rubber tube. The tube was slipped out after the ligature had been tied. Two rats were examined histologically 6 h, 1 day, 3 days and 7 days after PUO. In another group, two rats were killed at 1, 3 and 7 days after the release of the PUO that had been left in place for 3 days. On day 3, another eight rats with PUO and eight control rats had 2 ml of urine in the bladder replaced by the same volume of lucifer yellow (LY; 10 μg/ml, MW 500), microperoxidase (MP; 20 μg/ml, MW 1900), horseradish peroxidase (HRP; 10 μg/ml, MW 40 000), or saline as control, respectively. Lymphocytic infiltration and interstitial edema were noted in the prostate following PUO, being most prominent on day 3. After the release of the PUO, these inflammatory changes gradually disappeared. Only LY was noted within the prostatic stroma of the rats 2 h after bladder instillation. Intraprostatic urinary reflux may be an etiologic factor in NBP. The present study showed that lower urinary tract obstruction caused NBP in the rat. Penetration of prostatic tissue by low-molecular-weight substances in the urine may trigger NBP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002400050161
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  • 89
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    Sprouting of bladder nerves into cystoplastic cecal segment in the rat (1999)
    Springer
    Urological research 27 (1999), S. 476-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Key words Urinary bladder ; Enterocystoplasty ; Cecocystoplasty ; Innervation ; Nerve growth ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Incorporation of bowel into the bladder (enterocystoplasty) has been widely used to increase bladder capacity. It has been reported by others that the response of smooth muscle from the cystoplastic segment of the intestine shifts from that of the intestine (relaxation to α-agonists and ATP) to that of the bladder (contraction to α-agonists and ATP). This suggests a functional integration of the intestinal muscle into the bladder; the mechanisms are unknown. The aims of the present study were (1) to elucidate if there are signs of bladder nerves sprouting across the anastomosis into the intestinal segment, and (2) to study what happens with the intrinsic innervation of the intestinal segment. As a model, we used cecocystoplasty in rats. The bladder was opened and a patch of cecum with intact vascular supply was anastomosed to the bladder. After two to 11 months the rats were sacrificed and the bladders mounted as wholemounts and stained for acetylcholinesterase-containing nerves, or embedded in paraffin for histology. A pronounced degeneration of the myenteric plexus was found in the cecal segments. In some areas, this had proceeded to the extent that the ganglia were isolated ovoid lumps of cells with no apparent connection to other ganglia. Areas lacking ganglia and nerve trunks but still with muscle could be found in all specimens. Abundant axon bundles were demonstrated sprouting from the cut bladder nerves close to the anastomosis. The bundles spread out in a fan-like pattern or were organized as fewer thicker nerves. There were many nerve bundles entering the cecal segment where they branched and the diameter decreased till they no longer became visible. Some nerves reached surviving lumps of myenteric ganglion cells. The results show that the bladder nerves sprout into the anastomosed cecal segment. It is reasonable to assume that these nerves are responsible for the changes in receptor pharmacological properties of the cecal smooth muscle towards that of bladder muscle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002400050138
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  • 90
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    Transient ischemia induces apoptosis in the ventral prostate of the rat (1999)
    Springer
    Urological research 27 (1999), S. 174-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Key words Apoptosis ; Ischemia-reperfusion ; Blood flow ; Ischemia ; Prostate ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The mechanisms involved in the castration-induced involution of the ventral prostate (VP) are not fully understood. It was recently reported that castration decreases blood flow in the VP in rats and that this occurs before the apoptotic involution of the organ. However, it is unknown whether a decrease in blood flow may trigger apoptosis in the VP, and this was therefore examined in this study. The right iliac artery was clamped for 1 h in adult male rats. After 24 h of reperfusion, the VPs were frozen or fixed. In situ end-labeling (ISEL) was used to identify apoptotic cells, and testosterone repressed prostatic message-2 (TRPM-2) was measured. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemistry was used to identify proliferating cells. Clamping the right iliac artery reduced blood flow in the right VP to 0.17 of that in the contralateral lobe. This relative ischemia resulted in a threefold increase in the volume density of apoptotic epithelial cells on the treated side, but left cell proliferation unaffected. Testosterone substitution did not change this pattern. This study suggests that a transient period of relative ischemia may induce apoptosis in the rat ventral prostate. This may be of importance for the understanding of castration-induced prostatic involution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002400050106
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  • 91
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    Distribution of various neurochemicals within the zona incerta: an immunocytochemical and histochemical study (1999)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 199 (1999), S. 265-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Cat ; Rat ; Immunocytochemistry ; NADPH-diaphorase ; Thalamus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  To gain insight into the cellular organisation of the zona incerta, we have examined the chemoarchitectonic properties of this ”uncertain zone”. The brains of Sprague-Dawley rats and common cats were processed for immunocytochemistry or NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry using standard methods. For the immunocytochemistry, antibodies to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), parvalbumin, calbindin, tyrosine hydroxylase, somatostatin, serotonin and glutamate were used. Two general patterns of distribution in the zona incerta were seen. First, labelled cells were restricted largely to one of the cytoarchitectonically defined sectors of the zona incerta. For instance, GABA, GAD and parvalbumin-immunoreactive cells were found principally within the ventral sector, NADPH-diaphorase and glutamate-immunoreactive cells within the dorsal sector and tyrosine hydroxylase- and somatostatin-immunoreactive cells within the rostral sector. Second, labelled cells were scattered somewhat across all incertal sectors, with no clear region of concentration. This pattern included the calbindin- and serotonin-immunoreactive cell groups. These results indicate that the zona incerta is made up of many neurochemically distinct cell groups, some of which respect the well-defined cytoarchitectonic boundaries of the nucleus, whilst others do not. This rich neurochemical diversity in the zona incerta suggests that this nucleus may have differential effects on the different structures that it projects to.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004290050227
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  • 92
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    Does the perireticular thalamic nucleus project to the neocortex? (1999)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 200 (1999), S. 521-531 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Development ; Internal capsule ; Nucleus basalis ; Rat ; Thalamus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  This study defines several features of the early connections of the developmentally transient perireticular thalamic nucleus of rats. The neocortex of developing rats was injected with either DiI, biotinylated dextran, WGA-HRP (wheatgerm agglutinin conjugated-horseradish peroxidase), fluorescent latex beads or cholera toxin subunit B (CTB) and their brains were processed for tracer detection with standard methods. In general, tracer injections into various regions of the developing neocortex revealed no labelled neurones within the perireticular nucleus, although some of these tracers (WGA-HRP, dextran) labelled many of the amoeboid microglial cells that are found within this nucleus. There were, however, many retrogradely labelled neurones in a region adjacent to the perireticular nucleus, within the nucleus basalis of the basal forebrain (medial edge of globus pallidus). Their identity was confirmed as neurones of the nucleus basalis since they were all were similar in morphology and somal size to neurones that were immunoreactive to NGFr (nerve growth factor receptor), an antigen found only among neurones of the nucleus basalis and basal forebrain. Moreover, double labelling experiments revealed that most, if not all, of the cortically labelled neurones were NGFr-immunoreactive also. Thus, in conclusion, our results suggest that the perireticular nucleus does not project to the neocortex; the only neurones in the general vicinity of the perireticular nucleus that have a cortical projection form part of the nucleus basalis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004290050300
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    Prenatal development of coronary arteries in the rat: morphologic patterns (1999)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 200 (1999), S. 533-540 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Coronary vasculogenesis ; Angiogenesis ; Coronary artery ; Development ; Rat ; Embryonic heart
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The aim of this work was to address spatiotemporal and morphologic patterns of coronary artery development in rats, based on immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies of hearts at different stages of prenatal development. Griffonia simplicifolia I lectin and α-smooth muscle antibody were used to demonstrate endothelial cells and/or their precursors and smooth muscle cells, respectively. Ultrastructural examination was performed on ED14–16 hearts to study the morphology of the developing coronary arteries in different regions of the truncus arteriosus and adjacent myocardium. On ED14 endothelial-like cells present within the mesenchyme surrounding the outflow tract penetrated the aortic wall and the truncoconal proximal myocardium. On ED15 these penetrating cells formed vascular clusters, which were the first signs of presumptive vascular channels. Development of the coronary artery proceeded by coalescence of discontinous vascular clusters, formation of the lumen (vascular channels) and establishing a connection of the proximal part with the aorta. The second layer of cells around vascular channels (embryonic media) consisted of mesenchymal cells that were attracted to the immature vessel and were first seen on ED15. At this time no lumenized connection of the coronary artery with the aorta has been seen. After the lumenized connection of the coronary artery with the aorta had been established perivascular cells of the media started to differentiate into vascular smooth muscle, as was shown by α-smooth muscle actin-staining. Further development and differentiation of the media and adventitia proceeded distally (towards the apex).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004290050301
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    Developmental changes of sugar occurrence and distribution in the rat submandibular and sublingual glands (1999)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 199 (1999), S. 113-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Morphogenesis ; Histochemistry ; Lectins ; Carbohydrates ; Salivary glands ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The developmental expression of salivary glycoconjugates was investigated in the rat submandibular and sublingual glands by conventional and lectin histochemistry. By the time of the first differentiation of secretory structures, in spite of similar morphological features, a different histochemical reactivity was detected, accounting for a relevant content of neutral glycoconjugates in the submandibular gland and the occurrence of both neutral and acidic glycoconjugates in the sublingual one. The use of lectins allowed the main changes of secretory components to be noted around gestational day 18. DBA and WGA lectins seemed to act as pre- and post-natal development markers while Con A lectin was indicative of post-natal differentiation. Taken together, data from lectin histochemistry indicated the transitional occurrence of glycoconjugates, probably involved in temporally restricted functions, as well as the co-existence of different secretory components that might also reflect maturational changes of single products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004290050214
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  • 95
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    Clomethiazole (ZENDRA, CMZ) improves hind limb motor function and reduces neuronal damage after severe spinal cord injury in rat (1999)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 98 (1999), S. 22-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Clomethiazole ; Rat ; Spinal cord-injury ; Neuroprotection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Clomethiazole (CMZ) has a neuroprotective effect in experimental focal and global forebrain ischemia. This neuroprotective effect may depend on its ability to enhance GABA receptor activity. We have studied the effect of pretreatment with CMZ on motor function recovery and nerve cell damage after spinal cord injury (SCI). Rats were randomized and 30 min before SCI they received a single intraperitoneal dose of CMZ (150 mg/kg) or saline. The spinal cord was injured with a 50 g (4.5 g/mm2) load, applied over the exposed dura, through a curved rectangular plate (2.2 × 5.0 mm) for 5 min at T8–9. The animals became paraplegic 1 day after injury. The rats were evaluated for recovery of hind limb motor function. All animals recovered to some extent over the observation period of 12 weeks. However, hind limb motor function was significantly better in the animals pretreated with CMZ. At 12 weeks the rats were killed and perfused/fixed for morphological investigations. Microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) immunostaining was used to stain neurons and dendrites and Luxol-fast blue to stain myelinated tracts of the white matter. The injured segment of the spinal cord showed severe atrophy, distortion, cavitation and necrosis of grey and white matter. Compared to uninjured controls the transverse sectional area was reduced to 32.7 ± 4% in untreated animals but only to 38.5% ± 4.1 in CMZ-treated animals. MAP2 staining showed that, compared to uninjured controls, grey matter was reduced to 7.4 ± 2.7% in saline-treated injured animals and to 22.7 ± 5.4% in CMZ-treated rats. Our results thus show that in this model CMZ improves hind limb motor function and attenuates the morphological damage to the spinal cord.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010051047
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  • 96
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    Axonal growth of newly formed vomeronasal receptor neurons after nerve transection (1999)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 200 (1999), S. 413-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Receptor cell ; Axon ; Vomeronasal organ ; Regeneration ; Rat ; HRP-WGA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Chemosensory neurons in the vomeronasal epithelium (vomeronasal neurons) regenerate following experimentally induced degeneration. Transection of the vomeronasal nerves leads to retrograde degeneration of vomeronasal neurons followed by replacement of the cell population. The projection of the axons of regenerated vomeronasal neurons was examined by horseradish peroxidase(HRP) histochemistry and electron microscopy. HRP-wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) was placed on the surface of the vomeronasal organ of the rat. Dense distribution of HRP-labeled fibers was observed in the vomeronasal nerve and glomerular layers in the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) of the intact rat. At one week after transection, HRP-labeled fibers were not found in the AOB, and no labeled fibers could be observed on the medial surface of the olfactory bulb where the vomeronasal nerve traversed. Three weeks after transection, labeled fiber bundles were observed on the medial surface of the olfactory bulb in all animals. No labeled fibers were detected in the AOB. From 12 to 32 weeks after transection, projection of HRP-labeled fibers was identified in the AOB in 8 out of 26 rats (the incidence of projection was 30%). But the number of projection fibers on the operated side was much smaller than on the control side. Electron microscopy confirmed that the HRP-labeled terminals make synaptic contacts with neurons in the AOB.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004290050290
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  • 97
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    Polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia at the onset of acute myeloid leukemia in children (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 78 (1999), S. 445-448 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Hypergammaglobulinemia ; Polyclonal ; Acute myeloid leukemia ; Children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia (PHG) associated with hematological malignancies is a rare occurrence. We reviewed our series of 47 children with AML in order to define the prevalence of PHG and its prognostic value in achieving complete remission (CR) after induction treatment. Patients were stratified by immunoglobulin levels into two groups: with PHG and without PHG. CR reached after induction chemotherapy was considered a positive response. Conditional exact tests were used for the statistical analysis; conditional maximum likelihood estimates of the odds ratio (OR) were obtained. Significance levels (p) were determined from two-tailed tests. Twenty-two of 38 (57.9%) evaluable children showed PHG. Children with PHG and AML were more likely to be in CR after first induction treatment (OR=6.25, p=0.021), independent of sex, age at diagnosis, white blood cell count, percentage of blasts in the bone marrow, FAB phenotype, and treatment protocol. Infections seemed to positively influence early treatment response (p=0.038). PHG and infections were not statistically associated (p=0.16). PHG may result from the uncontrolled stimulation of B lymphocytes by cytokines. Infections or transfusions may act as triggers for the immune system, leading to the antileukemic effect seen in patients with AML and PHG going into spontaneous remission. It could be that this activation caused the larger number of CRs observed in our series. Clarification of why PHG exerts a positive influence on children with AML could help us to understand the ways by which the organism is able to control a malignant disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002770050596
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  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum levels of thrombopoietin, IL-11, and IL-6 in pediatric thrombocytopenias (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 78 (1999), S. 401-407 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Thrombopoietin ; Interleukin-11 ; Interleukin-6 ; Thrombocytopenia ; Children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We measured serum levels of thrombopoietin (TPO), interleukin (IL)-11, and IL-6 in 90 different samples from 67 pediatric patients with thrombocytopenia (TP). The cytokine levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and the biological activity of TPO was measured using a cell line transfected with human c-mpl. In patients with impaired megakaryocytopoiesis, as found in diseases such as aplastic anemia, amegakaryocytic TP, or TP with absent radii, we found TPO levels which were highly elevated compared with normal values (mean=261 AU/ml, n=52, vs. 22 AU/ml in healthy controls). In contrast, patients suffering from idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (mean=16 AU/ml, n=31) or platelet function defects (mean=23 AU/ml, n=7) demonstrated normal TPO levels. The biological activity tested in the bioassay correlated well with the ELISA data. However, sera of some patients with amegakaryocytic TP demonstrated a remarkably higher biological activity of TPO than expected from the ELISA data. Within the different groups there was no correlation between platelet counts and TPO levels. Only 27% of all samples had elevated levels of IL-11 (mean=450 pg/ml, n=20). Elevated IL-6 serum levels were detected in only 13% of all samples analyzed (mean=42 pg/ml, n=12). We conclude that megakaryocytopoiesis is regulated mainly by TPO, that it is dependent on the platelet and the megakaryocytic mass, and that IL-11 plays an additional role in supporting the platelet production. IL-6 does not appear to be up-regulated in children with thrombocytopenia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002770050538
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  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of the variations in length of the anterior cruciate ligament during flexion of the knee: use of a 3D model reconstructed from MRI sections (1999)
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 21 (1999), S. 313-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Anterior cruciate ligament ; Kinematics ; Knee ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Ce travail a pour but de proposer à l'aide d'un modèle informatique 3D du genou chez un sujet vivant une étude anatomique des modifications de longueur du ligament croisé antérieur (LCA) et de ses faisceaux au cours de la flexion. La méthode d'évaluation proposée est une reconstruction informatique 3D, à partir de coupes IRM, reproduisant le mouvement de flexion du genou de 0 à 75°. Vingt-et-une coupes ont été réalisées pour chacune des 13 positions de flexion. La reconstruction de Delaunay et le recalage de chaque position permettent d'obtenir un modèle 3D. Ce modèle permet le suivi d'un point osseux lors du mouvement. En connaissant le déplacement relatif des insertions ligamentaires, il est possible de préciser la biométrie du ligament en calculant la longueur des faisceaux du LCA à chaque position, de mettre en évidence les variations de longueur au cours du mouvement. La longueur moyenne du ligament était de 34 mm. Le faisceau antéro-médial était plus long de 30 % par rapport aux deux autres faisceaux. Lors de la flexion, le faisceau antéro-médial était peu modifié (cette caractéristique semblait en faire une position de référence pour une ligamentoplastie), le faisceau postéro-latéral se tendait à partir de 30°, le faisceau intermédiaire se détendait dès le début du mouvement. En retrouvant les données de la littérature, cette méthode permet une approche anatomique du LCA faisceau par faisceau lors du mouvement de flexion.
    Notes: Summary The aim of this study is to suggest an anatomic study of the modifications of the length of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and its bundles during flexion with the aid of a 3D computerized model of the knee in a living subject. The method of evaluation suggested is a 3D computerized reconstruction based on MRI sections, reproducing the movement of flexion of the knee from 0 to 75°. Twenty-one sections were made for each of the 13 positions of flexion. The reconstruction of Delaunay and the realignment of each position provided a 3D model which allowed monitoring of a bony point during the movement. By knowing the relative displacement of the ligamentous attachments it was possible to define the biometry of the ligament by calculating the length of the bundles of the ACL in each position and to demonstrate the variations in length during the movement. The mean length of the ligament was 3.4 mm. The anteromedial bundle was longer by 30% compared with the other two bundles. During flexion the anteromedial bundle was not much modified (this feature seems to provide a reference position for a ligamentoplasty), the posterolateral bundle became taut after 30°, and the intermediate bundle relaxed from the beginning of movement. Based on the data from the literature, this method allows an anatomic approach to the ACL, bundle by bundle, during flexion movement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01631331
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bound sulphadimidine residues in raw fermented sausage: release under acidic conditions and bioavailability in rats (1999)
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung 208 (1999), S. 183-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1431-4630
    Keywords: Key words Sulphadimidine ; Fermented sausage ; Carbon-14-labelling ; Rat ; Bound residues
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  Sulphadimidine (SDM), a drug frequently administered to pigs, is partially converted into other compounds by processing meat to produce raw, fermented sausage. With the aid of 14C-labelled SDM, evidence was obtained that part of the radioactive matter was covalently bound to the matrix. Part of these bound residues could be released in vitro by 4 M HCl at 21  °C or by 0.024 M HCl at 37  °C. Female rats were also able to release bound SDM residues and to excrete these in their urine, in amounts approaching those obtained by treatment with 4 M HCl. Both the parent compound and its main metabolite, N 4-acetyl-SDM, were observed in the urine of rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002170050399
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