Library

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • 1995-1999  (447)
  • 1999  (447)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging  (144)
  • Rat  (115)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (96)
  • MRI  (93)
  • Nuclear reactions
Material
Years
  • 1995-1999  (447)
Year
Keywords
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Lipoma arborescens ; Synovial membrane ; MRI ; Shoulder ; Bursitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A 44-year-old man presented with lipoma arborescens of the right shoulder, associated with a rotator cuff tear. MRI revealed villous proliferations with signal intensity of fat on all pulse sequences. At surgery, this bursa was found to contain moderately yellow cloudy fluid without fat globules. Histological examination of the lesion showed subsynovial accumulation of mature fat cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Chronic expanding hematoma ; Ancient hematoma ; CT ; MRI ; Soft tissue mass
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. To identify the characteristic MRI findings of chronic expanding hematoma correlated with the pathology. Design and patients. Three patients who had a chronic expanding hematoma involving the musculoskeletal system were reviewed retrospectively. Results and conclusion. Huge soft tissue masses suggestive of malignancy with destruction of the bony structure were revealed on radiography and computed tomography. MRI showed the masses to exhibit heterogeneous signal intensity on both T1- and T2-weighted images with a peripheral rim of low signal intensity, reflecting the central zones of fluid collection due to fresh and altered blood with a wall of collagenous fibrous tissue. These MRI findings were seen in all three patients and are considered to be characteristic; they assist in differentiation from neoplasm in consideration of the history of trauma or surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 402-406 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Erosions ; Femoral neck ; Synovial desmoplastic fibroblastoma (collagenous fibroma) ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A 78-year-old woman presented with pain at the left hip. Initial radiographs showed minimal age-related changes. Over the next 2 years she developed large erosions in the left femoral neck and proceeded to hip replacement. Histological examination showed bland spindle cells in a loose and hyalinised collagenous stroma considered to represent a desmoplastic fibroblastoma (collagenous fibroma). This is the first reported case of synovial desmoplastic fibroblastoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 383-389 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Allografts ; Osteoarticular ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. To investigate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of allografts at various time intervals after surgery in patients with osteoarticular allografts. Design and patients. Sixteen patients who were treated with osteoarticular allografts and who were followed over time with MRI studies as part of their long-term follow-up were retrospectively selected for this study. T1-weighted images were obtained both before and after gadolinium administration along with T2-weighted images. All images were reviewed by an experienced musculoseletal radiologist, with two other experienced radiologists used for consultation. Imaging studies were organized into three groups for ease of discussion: early postoperative period (2 days to 2 months), intermediate postoperative period (3 months to 2 years), and late postoperative period (greater than 2 years). Results. In the early postoperative period, no gadolinium enhancement of the allograft was visible in any of the MR images. A linear, thin layer of periosteal and endosteal tissue enhancement along the margin of the allograft was visible in images obtained at 3–4 months. This enhancement apeared gradually to increase in images from later periods, and appears to have stabilized in the images obtained approximately 2–3 years after allograft placement. The endosteal enhancement diminished after several years, with examinations conducted between 6 and 8 years following surgery showing minimal endosteal enhancement. However, focal enhancement was noted adjacent to areas of pressure erosion or degenerative cysts. All the cases showed inhomogeneity in the marrow signal (scattered low signal foci on T1 with corresponding bright signal on T2), and a diffuse, inhomogeneous marrow enhancement later on. Conclusion. We have characterized the basic MRI features of osteoarticular allografts in 16 patients who underwent imaging studies at various time points as part of routine follow-up. We believe that the endosteal and periosteal enhancement observed on MRI during the first few months to 2 years following surgery represents vascular ingrowth and early skeletal repair. The zone of periosteal enhancement could also include the new bone laid on the surface of the allograft through which the soft tissues bind to the cortex. The exact reason for the inhomogeneity in the marrow signal, and the diffuse, inhomogeneous marrow enhancement is not clear. This may represent saponified and/or necrotic marrow fat interspersed with the fibrovascular tissue. The features noted here should provide radiologists with useful information regarding imaging characteristics they can expect to see in other allograft replacement patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 411-414 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Leiomyoma ; soft tissue ; Leiomyoma ; thigh ; Leiomyoma ; ossified ; MRI ; Radiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A case of ossified leiomyoma of the deep soft tissues of the left thigh is presented. The radiographic appearance suggested a low-grade chondrosarcoma. MRI of the lesion showed signal characteristics similar to muscle on both T1- and T2-weighted spin echo sequences with linear areas of high signal intensity on T1-weighted images consistent with medullary fat in metaplastic bone. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen revealed a benign ossified soft tissue leiomyoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 447-452 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Plantar fascia ; aponeurosis ; Fasciitis ; Fasciotomy ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. To determine the postoperative appearance of the plantar fascia on MR imaging after a fasciotomy has been performed, and to compare the postsurgical appearance of the fascia after an open and endoscopic procedure.〈@head-abs-p1.lf〉Design and patients. Fifteen asymptomatic volunteers (12 women, 3 men; age range 22–49 years, mean age 33 years) with prior fasciotomies for treatment of longstanding plantar fasciitis were studied. Fourteen volunteers had a unilateral release and one volunteer had bilateral releases, allowing for assessment of 16 ankles. Eight fasciotomies were performed through an open incision and eight were performed endoscopically. The average time between surgery and imaging was 24 months (range 11–46 months). The site of surgery was established from the operative reports. Proton density (PD)-weighted and T2-weighted images in three orthogonal planes were obtained on a 1.5-T magnet. In eight studies, T1-weighted sagittal and STIR sagittal images were included. The fascia in each ankle was assessed for morphology and signal intensity. Perifascial soft tissues and bone marrow were assessed for edema. Preoperative MR studies were available in five volunteers.〈@head-abs-p1.lf〉Results. There was no apparent difference in the postoperative appearance of the ankle after an open or endoscopic procedure except for scar formation in the subcutaneous fat which was common after an open procedure (P〈0.05). Three ankles had a gap in the fascia (one open, two endoscopic). The plantar fascia measured a mean of 7.0 mm (range 5–10 mm) at the fasciotomy, and 8.3 mm (range 6–12 mm) at the enthesis. At the fasciotomy, 11 of 13 ankles had an indistinct deep contour and 9 of 13 had an indistinct superficial contour. At the enthesis, 13 of 16 ankles had an indistinct deep contour and 6 of 16 had an indistinct superficial contour. Compared with preoperative MR studies there was an average reduction in the fascial thickness at the enthesis of 14% (range 9–20%), but the thickness at the fasciotomy nearly doubled. No edema was evident in the fascia, perifascial tissues, deep plantar muscles, or calcaneal bone marrow.〈@head-abs-p1.lf〉Conclusions. The average thickness of the plantar fascia in asymptomatic volunteers after surgery is nearly 2–3 times that of normal. While there is increased thickness at the site of surgery, the changes in morphology and signal intensity were most prominent at the enthesis. The key observation was absence of edema in the fascia and perifascial soft tissues. This baseline information may be of value when assessing MR studies of symptomatic patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 465-469 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Lower leg ; Muscle hernia ; Fascial defect ; MRI ; Dynamic imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Muscle hernias of the lower leg involving the tibialis anterior, peroneus brevis, and lateral head of the gastrocnemius were found in three different patients. MRI findings allowed recognition of herniated muscle in all cases and identification of fascial defect in two of them. MR imaging findings and the value of dynamic MR imaging is emphasized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 477-480 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Spindle cell hemangioendothelioma ; skeletal muscle ; MRI ; forearm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Spindle cell hemangioendothelioma occurring in skeletal muscle is extremely rare. No reported studies have performed an imaging evaluation of intramuscular spindle cell hemangioendothelioma. We report on such a tumor arising in an unusual site, the right extensor digiti minimi, in a 46-year-old woman. An en bloc resection was performed and the patient has been disease free for 8 years. Radiologic imaging in the present case showed similar findings to those described in intramuscular hemangioma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Hand ; Wrist ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Soft tissue mass ; Neoplasm ; Tumour ; Tendon diseases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract   Objective. To assess the utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the investigation of palpable masses in the hand or wrist.〈@head-abs-p1.lf〉Design and patients. We retrospectively reviewed the MRI examinations and case records of 134 patients referred because of a palpable mass in the hand or wrist. MRI was performed on a 1.0 T magnet using an extremity coil. Intravenous gadolinium-DTPA was injected when considered appropriate.〈@head-abs-p1.lf〉Results and conclusions. MRI demonstrated the cause of the palpable mass in 126 cases (94.02%). Soft tissue neoplasms were found in 34 cases (25.37%). The majority were benign and included giant cell tumours of tendon sheath, lipomas and hemangiomas and had a characteristic appearance. There were three malignant tumours (myxoid liposarcoma, malignant fibroushistiocytoma and rhabdomyosarcoma). Ganglia were found in 36 cases (26.86%) and non-tumour tendon pathology in 31 cases (23.13%). Less common causes included articular diseases (5.97%) and anatomical variants (4.47%). No focal lesion was present in 8 cases (5.97%). In conclusion, MRI is an accurate diagnostic technique in patients who present with a palpable mass of the hand and wrist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Chondrosarcoma ; Osteochondroma ; Bursa ; CT ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Multiple hereditary osteochondromatosis is an uncommon autosomal dominant condition in which patients are predisposed to the development of chondrosarcoma. We report a case of a patient who developed a secondary low-grade chondrosarcoma in this setting. The tumor was associated with an unusual multinodular invasive growth pattern into a pre-existing bursa that was present overlying the osteochondroma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 545-560 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Trauma ; Joints ; injuries ; Joints ; radiography ; Joints ; MRI ; Cartilage ; Bones ; fractures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Fractures involving the articulating surfaces of bone are a common cause of chronic disability after joint injury. Acute fractures of the articular surface typically run parallel to the surface and are confined to the cartilage and/or the immediate subchondral cancellous bone. They should be distinguished from vertical or oblique bone fractures with intra-articular extension. This article reviews the mechanism of acute articular surface injuries, as well as their incidence, clinical presentation, radiologic appearance and treatment. A classification is presented based on direct inspection (arthroscopy) and imaging (especially MRI), emphasizing the distinction between lesions with intact (subchondral impaction and subchondral bone bruises) and disrupted (chondral, osteochondral lesions) cartilage. Hyaline cartilage, subchondral bone plate and subchondral cancellous bone are to be considered an anatomic unit. Subchondral articular surface lesions, osteochondral fractures and solely chondral fractures are different manifestations of impaction injuries that affect the articulating surface. Of the noninvasive imaging modalities, conventional radiography and MRI provide the most relevant information. The appropriate use of short tau inversion recovery, T1-weighted and T2-weighted (turbo) spin-echo as well as gradient-echo sequences, enables MRI to classify the various acute articular surface lesions with great accuracy and provides therapeutic guidance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 584-589 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Myxopapillary ependymoma ; Sacrum ; Osteolysis ; X ray ; CT ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The authors report an unusual case of sacral osteolytic myxopapillary ependymoma treated with curettage and radiotherapy. There is no evidence of recurrence 8 years after treatment. A review of the literature is presented on sacral ependymomas presenting with an osteolytic radiographic appearance (24 cases in 18 reports). The differential diagnosis with other sacral neoplasms is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words CT ; MRI ; Temporomandibular joint ; Temporal bone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. During routine MR imaging of temporomandibular joints we have observed that an area of low signal is sometimes identified within the temporal bone overlying the glenoid fossa on proton-density sequences. This finding at times simulates a mass. CT in this situation has demonstrated marked pneumatization of the mastoid air cell extending to that portion of the temporal bone overlying the glenoid fossa. We undertook a clinical study to determine the frequency and appearance of such a finding. Design and patients. We reviewed the images of 12 patients who underwent both MR and CT examinations of their temporomandibular joints. The authors, by consensus, graded all 24 joints using a four-point scale for the presence and appearance of a low-signal area overlying the glenoid fossa on the MR images prior to seeing the corresponding CT images. We then compared our grading with the findings on CT to assess for the presence and extent of pneumatization of the temporal bone overlying the glenoid fossa. Results. Of the 24 joints reviewed there was identical extent of low signal on MR imaging and extent of pneumatization on CT in 22 of 24 joints. In two of the 24 joints assessed there was overestimation of pneumatization due to extensive sclerosis secondary to surgery. Conclusion. The findings of an area of low signal overlying the glenoid fossa on a T2-weighted scan of a nonoperative temporomandibular joint is often due to extensive temporal bone pneumatization of the mastoid air cells. Recognition of the nature of this finding will avoid mistaking it for a fibrous or osseous lesion. Patients with previous operative history may, however, require further investigation with CT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Osteochondroma ; Chondroma ; Extraskeletal tumor ; Soft tissue tumor ; Foot ; CT ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A case of pathologically proven extraskeletal osteochondroma is presented with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), bone scan and radiographic findings. The diagnosis of extraskeletal osteochondroma should be considered when a discrete, ossified mass is localized in the soft tissues of the distal extremities. Nomenclature surrounding this entity is controversial and is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 616-620 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Joint ; MRI ; Infectious arthritis ; Septic joint ; Inflammation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. To differentiate the MR features of septic versus nonseptic inflamed joints. Design and patients. Thirty patients were referred for MRI with inflamed joints (19 were subsequently found to be septic and 11 nonseptic). At 1.5 T enhanced MRI five groups of signs related to joint space, synovium, cartilage, bone and peri-articular soft tissue respectively were assessed and compared between the septic and nonseptic groups. Results. The prevalence of MRI findings in septic versus nonseptic joints (respectively) was as follows: effusion (79% vs 82%), fluid outpouching (79% vs 73%), fluid heterogeneity (21% vs 27%), synovial thickening (68% vs 55%), synovial periedema (63% vs 55%), synovial enhancement (94% vs 88%), cartilage loss (53% vs 30%), bone erosions (79% vs 38%), bone erosions enhancement (77% vs 43%), bone marrow edema (74% vs 38%), bone marrow enhancement (67% vs 50%), soft tissue edema (63% vs 78%), soft tissue enhancement (67% vs 71%), periosteal edema (11% vs. 10%). The presence of bone erosions appeared to be an indicator for an infected joint (P=0.072); coexistence of bone marrow edema slightly improves the significance (0.068). A similar trend was obtained when combining bone erosions with either synovial thickening, synovial periedema, bone marrow enhancement or soft tissue edema (P=0.075). Conclusions. The combination of bone erosions with marrow edema is highly suggestive for a septic articulation; the additional coexistence of synovial thickening, synovial edema, soft tissue edema or bone marrow enhancement increases the above level of confidence. Similar to conventional radiography, the single sign that appeared to show a significant trend was the presence of bone erosions. However, no single sign or combination could either be considered pathognomonic or exclude the presence of a joint infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 703-709 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Proliferative myositis ; Childhood ; Lumbar muscles ; Ossification ; X-ray ; CT ; MRI ; PET
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A case of proliferative myositis in the lumbar paraspinal muscles in a 14-year-old boy is presented. Imaging investigations including plain radiograph, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), bone scan and positron emission tomography (PET) were suggestive of an inflammatory process such as myositis ossificans. The diagnosis was made by incisional biopsy. More pronounced edema, more muscle fiber necrosis and a higher cellularity were found compared to adult cases. The karyotype of the lesion was normal. Clinically, the mass disappeared spontaneously. After 24 months, asymptomatic bridging ossification between the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae was noted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 61-74 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Ligament ; Ligament injury ; MRI ; Soft tissue injury ; Soft tissue trauma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Magnetic resonance imaging has had a dramatic effect on the means by which we diagnose ligament injuries. Tears resulting from either acute trauma or overuse can be detected noninvasively, directing appropriate therapy be it conservative or surgical. For the elite athlete, earlier diagnosis leads to earlier intervention, or alternatively, a normal MRI examination can result in an earlier return to play. While MRI is accepted for the diagnosis of certain injuries such as complete tears of the cruciate ligaments of the knee, other injuries, such as partial cruciate ligament tears or tears of the intercarpal ligaments of the wrist, remain controversial.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 717-722 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Sarcoid ; vertebrae ; Sarcoid ; rib ; Sarcoid ; calvarium ; Osteolytic ; CT ; MRI ; Surgical fusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Skeletal sarcoidosis is rare. This report describes a 31-year-old African American man who presented with a destructive osteolytic lesion of C2 and another lesion in a rib. The lesion at C2 was treated with corpectomy and bone graft. Four months later the lesion recurred and a new lesion was discovered in the cervical vertebral column. The patient declined surgery for instability for another 3 months, choosing to remain in a halo. Seven months following the initial operation, a technetium bone scan showed spread of the disease to the calvarium and thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. The patient had no symptoms referable to these sites. The patient agreed to have his neck fused at this point. For the next 10 months, the patient was on steroids and a further new lesion appeared at L5 without localizing signs or symptoms. The patient declined further evaluation over the next 12 months and is now considered lost to follow-up.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 96-99 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Computed tomography ; Granular cell tumor ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Subcutis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Three cases of granular cell tumor (GCT) of the subcutis are presented. Computed tomography showed a mass isodense with muscle with an ill-defined margin. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a mass with inhomogeneous low signal intensity on both T1- and T2-weighted images. Another characteristic feature of subcutaneous GCT is its attachment in part to muscle. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis in all cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Bone tumor ; Chondrosarcoma ; CT ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Tumor of the ankle ; Tumor of the foot
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The foot is an uncommon location for chondrosarcoma. The presentation, diagnosis, pathological findings, surgical treatment and follow-up of three patients with chondrosarcoma in this rare location are presented. Though nonspecific, MR imaging findings were of aid in the diagnosis and treatment planning of these patients. If the diagnosis of this tumor is rapidly made, a tumor excision instead of limb amputation may be sufficient treatment at surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Shoulder ; Biceps tendon ; Anomaly ; Arthroscopy ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A developmental anomaly of the long head of the biceps tendon was found in a cadaveric shoulder. Findings on arthroscopy, routine MR imaging, and MR arthrography were compared and correlated with results of anatomic dissection. MR arthrography appears to be a very good diagnostic imaging method for depicting this anomaly prior to arthroscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 111-115 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Bone neoplasms ; Osteosarcoma ; Parosteal osteosarcoma ; Metatarsal ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A 70-year-old man presented with increasing swelling of 2 years’ duration, on the dorsal aspect of the forefoot. Imaging studies revealed a heavily calcified surface lesion of bone with early invasion of the underlying second metatarsal. Both imaging findings and the subsequent resection histology were consistent with a parosteal osteosarcoma, which is particularly rare at this site and at this age. The differential diagnosis of a mineralizing surface lesion of bone arising in the foot is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 145-152 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Intramuscular lipoma ; Liposarcoma ; Malignant soft tissue tumors ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. To investigate the spectrum of magnetic resonance (MR) findings of intramuscular lipoma. Design and patients. A retrospective review of 17 consecutive cases of intramuscular lipoma examined with MR imaging was undertaken. Features assessed included the size and margin of the mass; the homogeneity of the contents, including the presence or absence of intermingled muscle fibers; whether the mass was uninodular or multinodular; and the presence of linear structures between and within the tumor nodules. Three well-differentiated liposarcomas and one dedifferentiated liposarcoma associated with lipoma-like components were also studied to allow a comparison of the benign and malignant lesions. Results. The diameter of the intramuscular lipomas varied from less than 3 cm to more than 10 cm. Ten of the intramuscular lipomas were homogeneous but the remaining seven were inhomogeneous with intermingled muscle fibers within the mass. The intramuscular lipomas were well defined in 12 cases, and infiltrative in five. In one case the margin of the lesion showed prominent infiltration of the surrounding muscle tissue. Of the 17 cases of intramuscular lipoma, 15 were composed of a single nodule, whereas three of four cases of liposarcoma were composed of multinodular masses. Conclusion. The MR findings of intramuscular lipoma varied from a small, single and homogeneous mass identical to ordinary (superficial) lipoma, to a large, inhomogeneous lesion with an infiltrative margin. The presence of infiltrative margins and intermingled muscle fibers in intramuscular lipoma indicates a benign lesion rather than malignancy. In addition, uninodularity of the mass is helpful in differentiating intramuscular lipoma from well-differentiated liposarcoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 163-168 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words SAPHO syndrome ; Spine ; MRI ; Spondyloarthropathy ; Pustulosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We report on the MRI findings in the vertebrae and surrounding soft tissues in two patients with the SAPHO syndrome (Synovitis, Acne, Pustulosis, Hyperostosis, Osteitis). The MRI findings include abnormal bone marrow signal, either focal or diffuse, of the vertebral bodies and posterior elements; hyperintense paravertebral soft tissue swelling and abnormal signal of the intervertebral discs. These changes are consistent with discitis and osteitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor ; Schwannoma ; Neurofibroma ; CT ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. To distinguish between benign and malignant tumors in the peripheral nerves. Design and patients. The clinical, imaging and histologic findings of 99 benign and 16 malignant tumors in the peripheral nerves were reviewed retrospectively. Results. Preoperative motor weakness was observed in only six of 99 benign tumors and was mild, while slight to severe motor weakness was present in 15 of 16 malignant lesions. Pain at rest was present in five of 99 benign tumors and in 15 of 16 malignant tumors. All benign lesions showed a smooth tumoral margin, while half the malignant lesions showed an invasive margin on CT or MRI. Thirteen of 28 benign lesions on CT and nine of 23 on MRI showed round to geographic central enhancement, but this pattern was not seen in malignant lesions. Conclusion. Absence of severe motor weakness and a central enhancement pattern strongly suggest a benign nature, while severe rest pain and invasive tumor margin suggest malignant lesions in peripheral nerve tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 220-223 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Patellar tendinosis ; Jumper’s knee ; Patellar tracking ; MRI ; knee
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. To assess whether an association exists between patellar tendinosis and abnormal patellar tracking. Design and patients. The MRI examinations of 630 patients (i.e. 860 knees) referred with anterior knee pain over a 4-year period were assessed in retrospect for the presence of patellar tendinosis and abnormal patellar tracking. The images of the patients with patellar tendinosis were reviewed and the location within the patellar tendon was recorded. Results. There were 44 knees with proximal patellar tendinosis. Twenty-four of these were considered to have normal patellar tracking and 20 to have abnormal patellar tracking. In the group of 816 knees without proximal patellar tendinosis, 581 were considered to have normal patellar tracking and 235 knees to have abnormal patellar tracking. When the two groups were compared there was a statistically significant difference in the ratio of patients with and without abnormal tracking. Conclusion. In patients referred with anterior knee pain or suspected abnormal patellar tracking there is a significant association between proximal patellar tendinosis and abnormal patellar tracking.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Calf muscles ; Hypertrophy ; Pseudohypertrophy ; Neuropathy ; Radiculopathy ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Enlargement of the ipsilateral muscle compartment is an exceptional finding in patients with chronic radiculopathy, peripheral nerve injury, anterior horn cell diseases, or acquired peripheral neuropathy. We report radiographic, ultrasonographic, CT and MRI findings in a patient with chronic S1 radiculopathy and another with chronic neuropathy of the common fibular nerve (L4-S2), both presenting with painless enlargement of the calf muscles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Hip joint ; Osteonecrosis ; MRI ; Bone scintigraphy ; Femoral head ; Transtrochanteric rotational osteotomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. To assess the ability of bone scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict the outcome of transtrochanteric rotational osteotomy (TRO) for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Design. This study was a prospective evaluation of imaging techniques. Patients and methods. MRI and bone scintigraphy were performed on 20 hips in 18 patients at 3 months after TRO. The radiographic findings at 3 months after TRO, and the MRI and bone scintigraphic findings, were compared with the radiographic findings at final follow-up (mean 39 months). Results and conclusions. On MRI a low-intensity area or a low-intensity band in the new weight-bearing area extending over the acetabular edge on T1-weighted images was related to the presence of collapse on the radiographs at final follow-up. In hips with an area of absent activity in the new weight-bearing surface on bone scintigraphy, collapse was seen more frequently on radiographs at final follow-up than in hips without this feature. Bone scintigraphy was no more specific than radiography in predicting the outcome after TRO. We consider MRI to be superior to bone scintigraphy in predicting the occurrence of collapse, which is one of the major short-term problems after TRO.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 298-304 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Osteosarcoma ; MRI ; Metastases ; skeletal muscle ; Soft tissue neoplasm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Two cases of osteogenic sarcoma with skeletal muscle metastases are described. A 40-year-old woman presented with progressive swelling of both calves and a soft tissue back lump. She had been diagnosed with mandibular chondroblastic osteogenic sarcoma 6 years earlier. Radiographs showed calcified masses. MRI scans and bone scintigraphy revealed multiple soft tissue masses in both calves. Bone scintigraphy also showed uptake in the back lump, right thigh and left lung base. Biopsy confirmed metastatic chondroblastic osteogenic sarcoma, which initially responded well to chemotherapy. However, the metastatic disease subsequently progressed rapidly and she died 21 months after presentation. The second case concerns a 20-year-old man who presented with a pathologic fracture of the humerus, which was found to be due to osteoblastic osteogenic sarcoma. He developed cerebral metastases 17 months later, followed by metastases at other sites. Calcified masses were subsequently seen on radiographs of the abdomen and chest. CT scans confirmed the presence of densely calcified muscle metastases in the abdominal wall, erector spinae and gluteal muscles. The patient’s disease progressed rapidly and he died 30 months after presentation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Joint ; Knee ; Anatomy ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Posteromedial corner ; Intra-articular contrast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. The objective of this study was to illustrate the magnetic resonance (MR) image appearance of the structures of the posteromedial ”corner” of the knee with particular emphasis on the anatomy and differentiation between the medial collateral ligament and the posterior oblique ligament. Design. Six cadaveric knee specimens underwent MR imaging, before and following instillation of intra-articular contrast material. The knees were sectioned in the axial, coronal, and coronal oblique planes and the gross morphology of the posteromedial corner and surrounding structures was studied and correlated with the MR images. Patients. The human cadaveric specimens were from two female and four male patients (age at death, 72–86 years; average, 78 years). Results and conclusions. The contrast-enhanced sequences and the coronal oblique images allowed for improved visualization of the structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 342-346 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Chordoma ; Notochordal rest ; MRI ; Vertebra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Chordomas of the lumbar vertebral bodies are rare. We report an unusual case of an entirely intra-osseous chordoma of the fifth lumbar vertebra treated by vertebrectomy. Conventional radiographs and scintigraphy were normal. The lesion was well visualised by MR imaging, but showed only slight sclerosis on CT. We give our reasons for making a diagnosis of chordoma rather than giant notochordal rest and discuss the problems of management resulting from this diagnostic dilemma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 347-349 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Plasmacytoma ; Plasmacytoma ; amyloid ; Plasmacytoma ; calcified ; Plasmacytoma ; extraosseous ; Plasmacytoma ; thorax ; Plasmacytoma ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We report on a rare, calcified, plasma cell tumor of the spine causing progressive myelopathy. Other unusual features were the lack of an osseous lesion at the site of the mass, considerable calcified amyloid within the mass but no identifiable amyloid elsewhere, and normal serum immunoelectrophoresis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Classification ; Fractures ; MRI ; Thoracolumbar spine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. To define the state of different structures of the fractured thoracolumbar spine which may play a role in the immediate and long-term mechanical stability on MR images and to investigate the relationship of these findings with the AO classification of spinal injuries. Design. The state of the anterior longitudinal ligament, posterior longitudinal ligament, posterior ligamentous complex, cranial and caudal endplates, cranial and caudal discs and the vertebral body were defined using clinical, experimental and radiological data. The state of these structures was reported for each fracture on the MRI examinations and the different MRI features appropriate for different fracture classes were defined. Patients. MRI examinations of 70 patients with 100 fractures of the thoracolumbar spine were used for this study. Results. Wide variations were seen in the state of the structures studied. We could not find a definite pattern to relate these findings with the AO classification scheme. Conclusions. MR findings should be integrated into future classification schemes of thoracolumbar spine fractures. This would enable specific data about the structures involved in the stability of the spine to be acquired. Prospective studies using the criteria developed in this study may help resolve some of the controversies concerning the diagnosis and prognosis of these injuries as well as the development of new classification systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Musculotendinous tuberculosis ; ultrasonography ; Musculotendinous tuberculosis ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Musculoskeletal tuberculosis usually involves the spine. Tuberculous infection of muscles and tendons is rare. A patient with tuberculous infection of the gracilis muscle and tendon is reported. Lower extremity Doppler ultrasound was initially performed, as the physical examination mimicked deep vein thrombosis. Sonography identified the abnormal muscle and tendon and was then used to guide aspiration. The sonographic appearance of the gracilis muscle and tendon is described and compared with correlative MR images.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 527-531 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Parosteal osteosarcoma ; dedifferentiation ; rhabdomyosarcoma ; Parosteal osteosarcoma ; femur ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Dedifferentiated parosteal osteosarcomas are characterized histologically by the combination of low-grade fibroblastic osteosarcoma admixed with a high-grade component that typically has the appearance of malignant fibrous histiocytoma or osteosarcoma. Herein we report a case of dedifferentiated parosteal osteosarcoma of the distal femur, in which the high-grade component consisted of rhabdomyosarcoma. To our knowledge, a rhabdomyosarcomatous component has not been described previously in a dedifferentiated parosteal osteosarcoma. The clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of this rare type of surface osteosarcoma are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Soft tissue sarcoma ; Aneurysm ; Vascular malformation ; MRI ; Digital subtraction angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Differentiation of vascular abnormalities from soft tissue sarcomas may be difficult on clinical grounds, but is usually possible on imaging criteria. We report the MRI and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) findings in a patient presenting with a mass behind the knee. We discuss differentiating features and review the literature of similar cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 33-40 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Osteoblastoma ; Spine ; Radiography ; CT ; MRI ; Pathology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objectives. To illustrate the CT and MRI features of spinal osteoblastomas and correlate the imaging with histological findings. Design. In a retrospective review the CT and MRI features of spinal osteoblastomas with respect to mineralisation, signal intensity (SI), adjacent reactive changes, enhancement following gadolinium-DTPA (5 cases) and adjacent soft tissue masses were compared and correlated with the histological findings including the degree of osteoid formation and matrix mineralisation, vascularity and surrounding reactive changes in bone and soft tissue. Patients. Eleven patients (7 males and 4 females; age range 8–43 years, mean age 19.5 years) with 12 osteoblastomas (1 patient suffered a recurrence) were studied. Results. All lesions showed classical features on CT with varying degrees of matrix mineralisation, whereas MRI identified mineralisation in only eight of 12 cases. MRI showed low signal intensity of the lesion on both T1- and T2-weighted sequences in several cases in the absence of heavy mineralisation. In these cases, histological examination revealed diffuse osteoid production by the tumour. All patients given gadolinium showed enhancement within the tumour on MRI. Reactive bone marrow changes were identified on MRI in 10 cases, and in five of these the changes were at multiple levels. An adjacent soft tissue mass was demonstrated in five cases, but extraosseous tumour was present histologically in only two of these. Conclusions. The MRI appearances of spinal osteoblastomas are varied and show no characteristic features. MRI may also overestimate the extent of the lesion due to extensive reactive changes and adjacent soft tissue masses. CT should continue to be the investigation of choice for the characterisation and local staging of suspected spinal osteoblastomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 49-51 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Cryptococcoma ; sacrum ; Cryptococcoma ; immunocompromised ; MRI ; sacrum ; CT ; sacrum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Cryptococcoma of the sacrum was the initial presentation of systemic cryptococcosis in a patient on chronic steroid therapy for autoimmune hepatitis. The bone lesion was the only overt manifestation of systemic cryptococcal disease, which preceded other clinical manifestations and led to the subsequent diagnosis of systemic infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Intraneural ganglion ; Peroneal nerve palsy ; Drop foot ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A case of peroneal nerve palsy caused by an intraneural ganglion is presented. The cystic mass was located posterolateral to the lateral femoral condyle and extended along the common peroneal nerve distal to the origin of the peroneus longus muscle. The nerve was compressed in the narrow fibro-osseous tunnel against the fibula neck and the tight origin of the peroneus longus muscle. The nerve was decompressed by complete tumor excision and transection of the origin of the peroneus longus muscle. Full recovery of nerve function was obtained in 6 months.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 655-657 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Acromegaly ; Locking ; Metacarpophalangeal joint ; Osteophyte ; Volar plate hypertrophy ; Radiography ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A 39-year-old man with acromegaly exhibited locking of metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints of both index fingers. Large osteophytes were found at the metacarpal heads by radiography and computerized tomography (CT). Magnetic resonance (MR) images revealed hypertrophy of volar plates. We suggest that these characteristic acromegalic features caused locking of MCP joints. Surgery was required on one of the joints to release the locking.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 658-660 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Medial collateral ligament ; tear ; interposition ; Knee ; MRI ; Posterolateral dislocation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Displacement of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) into the medial knee joint is an extremely rare finding associated with MCL tears, and is easily diagnosed on magnetic resonance imaging. A case of intra-articular interposition of the MCL during a severe knee injury is presented. A radiolucent ”fat stripe” sign and adjacent skin dimpling on radiographs may be relatively specific indicators of this injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Shoulder ; arthrography ; Shoulder ; comparative studies ; Shoulder ; injury ; Shoulder ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Purpose. In a patient with internal derangement of the shoulder, the diagnostic method of choice is controversial. Conventional arthrography can diagnose most rotator cuff tears accurately; however, in many institutions MR arthrography is usually necessary to diagnose labral tears. We utilized decision tree methodology to compare the cost- effectiveness of conventional arthrography and conventional MRI with a hypothetical algorithm in which a patient underwent arthrography, performed with admixed gadolinium, which if negative, was followed by MRI. Design. The use of double-contrast arthrography alone, conventional MRI alone, and gadolinium-enhanced MRI used as an adjunct to conventional arthrography were modeled for the diagnosis of full-thickness rotator cuff tears (RCT), partial RCTs, labral tears, and the absence of cuff/labral tears using decision analysis methodology. English language medical publications were searched to determine the base probabilities for the accuracy of the diagnostic tests. The outcome utilities ranged from –1 to +1 to reflect the value of correct diagnostic evaluation. Charges for diagnostic tests and appropriate surgical treatments were based on 1997 Medicare reimbursement rates for professional fees and hospital charges in an outpatient setting. Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of uncertainty regarding the prevalence of each disease state and the accuracy of several diagnostic tests. Results. In the base-case analysis, the average effectiveness of double-contrast arthrography alone, MRI alone and arthrography selectively followed by MRI were 0.6610, 0.6715, and 0.7204, respectively. The average costs for each of these strategies were $1090, $2033, and $2339, respectively. Conclusion. Arthrography performed with admixed diluted gadolinium, which if negative is immediately followed by MRI, was somewhat more expensive than conventional MRI. However, because of much greater effectiveness, cost-effectiveness was significantly higher for our proposed algorithm. Conventional arthrography without gadolinium, although less expensive, had severely limited effectiveness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Pyruvate kinase isoenzymes ; N-Nitrosomorpholine ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The expression of the pyruvate kinase (PK) isoenzymes L and M2 was analysed in the livers of rats treated with the hepatocarcinogenic agent N-nitrosomorpholine (NNM) in the drinking water. In control animals L-PK expression was restricted to liver parenchymal cells, whereas M2-PK was detected in bile duct epithelial, blood vessel wall, endothelial and Kupffer cells. In rats treated with NNM proliferating oval cells were consistently L-PK negative and M2-PK positive, while the ductal cells of cholangiofibroses were clearly L-PK positive and coexpressed M2-PK. However, no morphological differentiation of ductal cells into hepatocyte-like cells was observed. In the clear and acidophilic cell foci storing glycogen in excess strong staining for L-PK was observed. In glycogen-poor foci induced by NNM a shift from L-PK to M2-PK expression takes place.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Key words Cadmium ; Diabetes ; VEP ; TBARS ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Fifty-two healthy male Swiss albino rats, aged three months, were used in this study. They were divided into four groups: control (c), diabetic (D), cadmium (Cd), and diabetic + Cd (D+Cd). A diabetic condition was induced in D and D + Cd groups by administration of alloxane (5 mg/100 g). After this treatment, Cd and D + Cd groups were injected intraperitoneally with CdCl2 (2 mg/kg week). At the end of the 2-month experimental period, flash visual evoked potentials (FVEPs) of the four groups were recorded with disk electrodes attached with electrode paste 0.5 cm in front of and behind the bregma. The mean latencies off the P1, N1, P2, N2 and P3 components were significantly prolonged in the diabetic group compared with the control group. The mean latencies of P3 in the D + Cd group and of P1 and P3 in the Cd group were longer than those of the control group. P2N2 amplitude of Cd and D + Cd groups were significantly increased compared with the control group. On the other hand, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were determined as an indicator of lipid peroxidation. Our data showed that Cd treatment and diabetic condition caused a significant increase of lipid peroxidation in kidney, brain, retina and lens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 39 (1999), S. 889-893 
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Sarkoidose ; Neurosarkoidose ; Magnetresonanztomographie ; Key words Sarcoidosis ; Neurosarcoidosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Neurological involvement is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with sarcoidosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of patients with neurosarcoidosis. The MRI brain scans of 22 patients with sarcoidosis were retrospectively reviewed, along with the clinical information provided in the request form. All patients had signs and symptoms referable to the head and were examined with gadolinium enhancement. Cranial (facial) nerve paralysis was the most common clinical manifestation identified in 10 patients. A wide spectrum of MR findings was noted: periventricular and white matter lesions on T2 W spin echo images, mimicking multiple sclerosis (46%); multiple supratentorial and infratentorial brain lesions, mimicking metastases (36%); solitary intraaxial mass, mimicking high-grade astrocytoma (9%); solitary extraaxial mass, mimicking meningioma (5%); leptomeningeal enhancement (36%). The diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis is often difficult, particularly so in patients who lack either pulmonary or systemic manifestations of sarcoidosis. MRI shows a wide spectrum of brain abnormalities associated with neurosarcoidosis. These findings, however, are not specific for sarcoidosis and one must consider appropriate clinical circumstances in arriving at the correct diagnosis. In selected cases with isolated brain involvement, meningeal or cerebral biopsy may be required.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen an Patienten mit systemischer Sarkoidose sprechen in 5%, Autopsieberichte in 25% für eine Beteiligung des Zentralnervensystems. Ziel der Studie ist eine Beurteilung der Beitrags der Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) in der Diagnostik der Neurosarkoidose. Die MR-Tomogramme von 22 Patienten mit gesicherter Sarkoidose und neurologischer Symptomatik wurden retrospektiv ausgewertet. Häufigstes klinisches Symptom der Neurosarkoidose war eine Fazialisparese (10 Patienten). MR-tomographisch konnte eine Vielzahl verschiedener Befunde erhoben werden: periventrikuläre und Marklagerläsionen in T2-gewichteten Bildern in 46%, multiple bzw. miliare supratentorielle und infratentorielle Läsionen in 36%, solitäre intraaxiale Raumforderungen in 9%, solitäre extraaxiale Raumforderungen in 5% und meningeale Kontrastmittelanreicherung (nodulär oder diffus) in 36%. Schlußfolgerung: Die MR-tomographischen Befunde bei Neurosarkoidose sind oft wenig spezifisch. Die Diagnose wird meist bei gleichzeitigem Nachweis sarkoidosetypischer Granulome in anderen Organen gestellt, eine isolierte zerebrale Manifestation kann erhebliche diagnostische Schwierigkeiten bereiten. Die Neurosarkoidose sollte bei unklaren zerebralen Symptomen und Befunden stets in die Differentialdiagnose einbezogen werden, weil sie behandelbar ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Kalkaneus ; Talus ; Gelenkinstabilität ; Radiologische Diagnostik ; Ultraschall ; Magnetresonanztomographie ; Sprunggelenk ; Synovialmembran ; Arthritis ; Diagnose ; Bildgebende Diagnostik ; Key words Calcaneus ; Joint instability ; Plain film radiography ; Ultrasonography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Subtalar joint ; Ankle joint ; Arthritis ; Synovial membrane ; Synovitis ; Diagnosis ; Differential ; Diagnostic imaging ; Rheumatic disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Diseases of the hindfoot are associated with considerable functional impairment and therefore may hamper patients’ movements during gait considerably. Because of biomechanical overload, articular structures, tendons and ligaments are prone to early degenerative changes during the course of rheumatic diseases as visible with plain film radiography, sonography (US), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Findings may occur as arthritis of major joints or in the form of fibroostitis and bursitis of the os calcis. Despite the progressive course of rheumatic diseases and characteristic imaging findings, high variability of X-ray signs may occur. Plain film radiograms and high-resolution ultrasonography play a key role in imaging rheumatic diseases of the hindfoot. MRI supports imaging diagnosis in selected cases. The principal goals of diagnostic imaging are precise and reproducible documentation of morphologic abnormalities and differentiated analysis for planning proper conservative or surgical treatment.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Erkrankungen des Sprunggelenks und der Fußwurzel sind, da mit einer deutlichen Einschränkung der Beweglichkeit dieser Region einhergehend, für den Patienten meist sehr belastend. Bei rheumatischen Krankheitsbildern steht neben der Funktionseinschränkung vor allem in späteren Stadien die Destruktion biomechanisch stark beanspruchter Strukturen (hyaliner Knorpel, subchondraler Knochen, Bänder und Sehnen) im Vordergrund des klinischen wie auch des radiologischen Bildes. Grundsätzlich sind Arthritiden der großen Gelenke und die Calcaneopathia rheumatica zu beobachten. Trotz des meist stadienhaften Verlaufes mit charakteristischem Befallsmuster ist die bildgebende Diagnostik wegen der großen Formvariabilität der unterschiedlich ausgeprägten Veränderungen oft schwierig. Zusätzlich zu nativröntgenologischen Aufnahmen gehören die hochauflösende Sonographie, ergänzt durch die MRT, mit denen Gelenke und Sehnen direkt darstellbar sind, heute zur Standarddiagnostik. Ziel der Diagnostik ist einerseits die präzise reproduzierbare Dokumentation morphologischer Veränderungen zur Verlaufskontrolle, andererseits ihre möglichst differenzierte Analyse zur Einleitung adäquater konservativer oder operativer Therapiemaßnahmen, um Patienten zu einer aktiveren Lebensweise verhelfen zu können.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter PACS ; Filmlos ; MR ; Key words PACS ; Filmless ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary At our hospital, an average MRI examination comprises 170 images. These examinations were evaluated exclusively on digital reporting systems with two high-resolution monitors for a period of 1 year. A retrospective analysis of this reporting method in comparison with films on a conventional viewing wall was performed with subjective and objective data. Radiologists and technicians were requested to evaluate the system on a subjective scale from 1 to 5 for seven topics (image analysis, inspection, time for reporting, handling, comparison with previous reports, quality of PC laser prints, training period). Moreover, personal interviews were conducted and protocols taken. Patient and image frequency, film costs, data transfer time and amount of system failures were evaluated as objective data. The most important results were: Two thirds of the film checking radiologists prefer the conventional viewing walls over the computer monitors. However, 70% of the residents prefer using the computer monitor for reporting. Seventy percent of the interviewed radiologists considered comparison with former examinations on film very difficult. Digitizing of former MRI examinations was not a convincing method; printing on a standard PC laser printer was considered to yield insufficient quality. The different acceptance between radiologists and residents seems to be related to different experiences. The reduction in film costs (48.6%) will improve further with complete PACS installation in the whole hospital. Data transfer rates are still poor; further improvement of network performance is necessary for convenient work. One whole MRI examination and report could be stored on CD-ROM for a cost of less than 2 euros. This could be a future means of cheap archiving and documentation suitable for viewing on any PC with DICOM III viewer. Images and reports could stay with the patient as in the past.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Im Durchschnitt werden pro Tag 14,05 Patienten mit durchschnittlich 170 Schichtbildern pro Patient an unserer MRT-Anlage untersucht. Die Befundung dieser Bilder erfolgte über ein Jahr ausschließlich auf digitalen Befundungsstationen, bestehend aus zwei hochauflösenden Monitoren und einer Graphikworkstation. Ein Bildausdruck erfolgte zusätzlich auf einem hochauflösenden Laserpapierdrucker. Auf Grund von subjektiv und objektiv erhobenen Daten wurde ein retrospektiver Vergleich zwischen digitaler Bildschirmbefundung und Filmbefundung am Leuchtkasten durchgeführt. Material und Methode: Befragt wurde aufgrund einer subjektiven Bewertungsskala von 1 bis 5 nach 7 Kriterien. Weiters wurden in Interviews die subjektiven Erfahrungen protokolliert. Objektiv wurde überdies Anzahl und Zeit der Systemausfälle, Filmverbrauch, Untersuchungsfrequenzen, Bildmenge pro Tag sowie Zeitmessungen für Datentransfers gemessen. Ergebnisse: Zwei Drittel der Oberärzte bevorzugten die Leuchtkastenbefundung, 70% der Ärzte in Ausbildung zogen die Befundung auf Bildschirmen vor. 70% der befragten Ärzte sahen als eindeutiger Schwachpunkt des digitalen Befundungssystems den Vorbildvergleich an. Alle befragten Ärzte (n=13) bewerteten die Arbeit mit (auswärtigen) konventionellen MRT-Untersuchungen auf Film und der gleichzeitigen Bildschirmbefundung als besonders mühsam. Das Einscannen von Voruntersuchungen mit Betrachtung am Bildschirm erwies sich als nicht Praxis tauglich, die Dokumentation auf Papierbildern durch PC-Laserausdruck erwies sich als unbrauchbar. Diskussion: Der deutliche Akzeptanzunterschied zwischen Fachärzten und in Ausbildung befindlichen Ärzten ist vermutlich auf die unterschiedliche Vorerfahrung (Vorprägung) zurückzuführen. Die nur 48,6% Reduktion Filmverbrauch werden vermutlich nach einer stärkeren Verbreitung von digitalen Bilddaten verbessert werden. Die tatsächlich erzielten Bildtransferraten liegen derzeit zeitlich weit über den technisch möglichen. Die Optimierungen von Netzwerken und beteiligten Rechnern sind daher dringend erforderlich. Als alternatives Dokumentations- und Ausgabemedium könnte auch die äußerst preiswerte CD-ROM dienen. Sie sind auf jedem gängigen PC-System verwendbar. Das Prinzip, daß Befund und Bilder beim Patienten verbleiben, wäre damit leicht aufrecht zu erhalten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 39 (1999), S. 16-24 
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Sprunggelenk ; Sprunggelenksverletzung ; Bandverletzung ; Streßradiographie ; MRT ; Key words Ankle ; Ankle injuries ; Ligament injuries ; Stress X-ray ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The diagnosis of lateral collateral ankle ligament trauma is based on patient history, clinical examination, and clinical stress tests. If the clinical stress test is positive, stress radiography could be performed. There is no consensus about the usefulness of stress radiography in acute ankle sprain, particularly about the cut-off talar tilt angle beyond which a two-ligament rupture would be certain, ranging from 5° to 30°. Today MRI is not used for this indication, although it allows, with controlled positioning of the foot and with defined sections, visualization of injured lateral collateral ankle ligaments. In ankle injuries, plain radiographs form the established basis of diagnostic imaging and can provide definitive answers in most cases. CT is used in complex fractures for complete visualization. MRI is the method of choice for several diagnostic problem cases, including occult fractures and post-traumatic avascular necrosis. In tendon injuries, MRI is important if ultrasound is not diagnostic. Generally, for the evaluation of acute ankle injuries, MRI is the most important second-step procedure when radiographs are nondiagnostic.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Diagnose einer lateralen Bandverletzung beim frischen Sprunggelenkstrauma fußt auf der Anamnese, der klinischen Untersuchung und klinischen Streßtests. Bei positiven klinischen Streßtests kann eine Streßradiographie durchgeführt werden. Es gibt keine Übereinstimmung für den Wert der Streßradiographie beim frischen Supinationstrauma des Sprunggelenks, insbesonders für den Winkel der Aufklappbarkeit bei einer Zweibandverletzung, der von 5°–30° reicht. Die MRT wird zur Zeit bei dieser Indikation nur in Einzelfällen benutzt, obwohl sie mit definierter Fußpositionierung und Ausrichtung der Untersuchungsebene eine ausgezeichnete Beurteilung der Sprunggelenksbänder erlaubt. Bei knöchernen Sprunggelenksverletzungen ist die Verwendung des konventionellen Röntgen die etablierte Methode und meist diagnostisch. Die CT kommt bei komplexen Frakturen zum Einsatz, um das gesamte Frakturausmaß darzustellen. Die MRT ist die Methode der Wahl bei verschiedenen Problemfällen wie okkulter Fraktur oder posttraumatischer Osteonekrose. Bei Sehnenverletzungen ist die MRT wichtig, falls eine Ultraschalluntersuchung nicht zur Diagnose führt. Allgemein entwickelt sich bei der Untersuchung der frischen Sprunggelenksverletzung die MRT zur zweitwichtigsten bildgebenden Methode, falls das konventionelle Röntgen zu keiner ausreichenden Diagnose kommt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Fokale Leberläsionen ; Spiral-CT ; MRT ; Kontrastmittel ; SPIO ; Key words Focal liver lesions ; Spiral CT ; MRI ; Ferumoxides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Purpose: Evaluation of the diagnostic efficacy of contrast-enhanced, dual-phase spiral CT and MRI before and after administration of SPIO particles in focal hepatic disease with previously uncertain diagnosis. Material and methods: In 46 patients in whom primary or secondary hepatic malignancy was suspected, dual-phase spiral CECT and breath-held T1-weighted gradient-echo and T2-weighted fast spin-echo MRI (1.5 T, body-phased-array coil) before and after SPIO administration were compared. The indications for the subsequent MRI studies were based on ambiguous findings on CECT. The number of hepatic lesions, the overall lesion detection and characterization was evaluated by consensus and compared to the gold standard (histological proof in 30/46 of the cases, long-term follow-up in 16/46 of the cases). Results: In 34 of 46 cases the correct diagnoses were established by CECT (sensitivity 96%, specificity 48%) revealing significantly less lesions than MRI. Unenhanced MRI had sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 71%, whereas SPIO-enhanced MRI had sensitivity of 97% and specificity of 88%. The differences between the modalities were even more pronounced in the detection of lesions smaller than 10 mm with SPIO-MRI as the most sensitive method. Conclusions: In this problem-oriented scenario, SPIO-enhanced MRI was superior to spiral CT and unenhanced MRI regarding the diagnostic efficacy in the pre-operative work-up of focal liver lesions. SPIO-enhanced MRI can be recommended as a problem-solving tool for the clinical routine.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Analyse der diagnostischen Wertigkeit der kontrastmittelverstärkten, biphasischen Spiral-CT im Vergleich zu nativer und SPIO-verstärkter MRT bei Patienten mit V.a. fokale Leberläsionen vor eventueller Leber-OP. Material und Methode: 46 Patienten mit V.a. sekundäre oder primäre Lebertumoren wurden nach i.v.-Kontrastmittelgabe an einem Spiral-CT und an einem 1,5 Tesla-Magneten (Atemstillstand-Sequenzen, Körper-Array-Spule) vor und nach i.v.-Infusion von superparamagnetischen Eisenoxydpartikeln untersucht. Die CT- und MRT-Untersuchungen wurden hinsichtlich Läsionsanzahl, -detektion und -charakterisierung qualitativ beurteilt und mit dem Goldstandard (Histologie in 30/46, follow-up in 16/46 der Fälle) verglichen. Ergebnisse: Die Spiral-CT erbrachte in 34/46 Fällen eine korrekte Diagnose, wobei sie signifikant weniger Läsionen in der Leber zeigte als die MRT. Die native MRT war der Spiral-CT hinsichtlich Läsionsdetektion und diagnostischer Effizienz überlegen und wurde noch von der SPIO-verstärkten MRT übertroffen. Der Unterschied zwischen den Modalitäten war bei Läsionen kleiner 10 mm noch deutlicher, von denen die Spiral-CT lediglich 6/13 Läsionen detektierte. Schlußfolgerungen: Die SPIO-MRT ist der biphasischen Spiral-CT und der nativen MRT im Nachweis und bei der Charakterisierung fokaler Leberläsionen überlegen und kann in problematischen Fällen allgemein empfohlen werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 39 (1999), S. 610-618 
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Staging ; Gynäkologische Karzinome ; Schnittbildverfahren ; Computertomographie (CT) ; Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) ; Sonographie (US) ; Key words Staging ; Gynecologic neoplasm ; Cross-sectional imaging modalities ; CT ; MRI ; Sonography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The prognosis in patients with gynecologic cancers depends not only on the stage but also on a wide spectrum of other findings. Cross-sectional imaging modalities, including sonography, CT and MRI, have increasingly been used for optimal treatment planning in gynecologic cancers. Their staging criteria are based on the well-established FIGO staging system. CT and MRI compete with sonography, which plays a pivotal role in the evaluation of the female pelvis. This paper reviews the role of sonography, CT and MRI in the staging of gynecologic malignancies. It puts the emphasis on MRI, which has been established as imaging modality of choice in the preoperative evaluation of cervical and endometrial cancer, and which seems slightly superior to CT in the staging of ovarian cancer.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Prognose gynäkologischer Karzinome hängt nicht nur vom Stadium, sondern von einem breiten Spektrum anerkannter Kriterien ab. Zur optimierten Therapieplanung werden heute zunehmend die Schnittbildverfahren Sonographie, CT und MRT für die morphologische Charakterisierung der Veränderungen eingesetzt. Die Stagingkriterien der bildgebenden Verfahren orientieren sich an der anerkannten FIGO-Klasssifikation. CT und MRT konkurrieren mit der Sonographie, die als anerkannte und weitverbreitete Modalität in der Gynäkologie etabliert ist. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden die Schnittbildverfahren Sonographie, CT und MRT im Staging gynäkologischer Karzinome einander gegenübergestellt. Der Schwerpunkt der Ausführungen liegt dabei auf der MRT, die als Methode der Wahl zum Staging des Zervix- und Endometriumkarzinoms gilt, beim Ovarialkarzinom der CT ebenbürtig und in manchen Fragestellung tendentiell überlegen ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Medullary thyroid carcinoma ; Basement membrane ; Laminin ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) originates from C cells, which secrete calcitonin (CT), their specific marker. C cells are located in contact with the basement membrane (BM) of the thyroid follicles, which is partly made up of the laminin-2 isoform synthesized by thyrocytes. During oncogenesis, proliferation of the C cells, invading the centre of the follicles, leads to a break in their normal contact with the BM. As specific interactions of cells with BM components, especially laminins, are important for proliferation and differentiation, we investigated the relationships of normal and neoplastic C cells with laminin in the Wag/Rij rat model of human MTC. Immunocytochemical studies showed a progressive loss of the laminin layer underlying the hyperplastic C cell nodules around the large dedifferentiated tumours. The α2, β1 and γ1 chains of the laminin-2 isoform were synthesized and secreted by rat MTC 6–23 cell cultures and the tumours induced by subcutaneous injection of these cells. In situ hybridization combined with anti-CT immunocytochemistry showed a low expression of α2 mRNA on differentiated C cells and thyrocytes, but an overexpression on immunonegative spontaneous MTC and induced intrathyroid tumours. The high level of α2 gene expression, together with tumour dedifferentiation, suggests a relationship with malignancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Key words Xenotransplantation ; 15-deoxyspergualin ; Guinea pig ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effects of 15-deoxyspergualin (DSG), tacrolimus (FK 506) and cyclosporin A (CyA), alone or in combination, on delayed xenograft rejection (DXR). We used the guinea-pig-to-C6-deficient (C6–)-PVG-rat heart transplantation model, since in this strain combination, hyperacute rejection is avoided. In C6- control rats, the guinea pig xenografts survived for 39.2 ± 6.3 h (mean ± SD). Splenectomy alone resulted in a xenograft survival of 71.8 ± 7.8 h, but the addition of CyA or FK 506 did not further improve graft survival (73.6 ± 3.0 h and 72.0 ± 17.6 h, respectively). In contrast, DSG treatment increased graft survival to a mean of 99.8 ± 9.2 h. When CyA or FK 506 was combined with DSG, no additional effects were observed (105 ± 24.3 h and 95.1 ± 5.6 h, respectively). DSG alone or in combination with FK 506 or CyA resulted in a significant reduction in the serum IgM levels and reduced the deposits of IgM and IgG in rejected grafts. However, all xenografts were still heavily infiltrated by ED1 + macrophages, regardless of the treatment used. Thus, DSG treatment resulted in moderate prolongation of xenograft survival in C6– rats. The effect seems to be related to suppression of xenoreactive antibody production. To prolong xenograft survival further, strategies that inhibit macrophage infiltration seem required.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 729-731 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words DIDMOAD syndrome ; Wolfram syndrome ; substantia nigra ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Wolfram syndrome (DIDMOAD) is a rare diffuse neurodegenerative disorder characterised by diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, deafness, and a wide variety of abnormalities of the central nervous system, urinary tract and endocrine glands. It may be familial or sporadic. Reported features on MRI of the brain are absence of the physiological high signal of the posterior lobe of the pituitary, shrinkage of optic nerves, chiasm and tracts, atrophy of the hypothalamic region, brain stem, cerebellum, and cerebral cortex. We report a 12-year-old girl with a 5-year history without brain stem, cerebellar or cerebral atrophy. MRI showed an unusual feature: a focus of high signal on PD- and T2-weighted images in the right substantia nigra. This is consistent with previously reported neuropathological post-mortem studies, but has never been reported in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 785-787 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Pituitary adenoma ; Metastases ; subarachnoid ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Few cases of pituitary adenoma with metastases have been reported. We report a case with histologically benign intracranial and cauda equina metastases. We compare it to the others in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 735-737 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Spinal cord ; congenital anomalies ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a rare instance of caudal agenesis occurring in siblings, with MRI. Both our patients had a club-shaped spinal cord, ending at T11. Radiological and urological findings are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 941-942 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words 3-Methyl glutaconic aciduria ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract MRI in a young child with 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type 1 showed signal abnormalities in the basal ganglia which progressed despite successful treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Haematoma ; subdural ; chronic ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied the frequency of various features of the appearances on high-field MRI in symptomatic patients with chronic subdural haematomas (CSDH). The ability to predict recurrence after treatment with one burr-hole procedure using MRI was evaluated. A total of 40 patients with symptomatic CSDH underwent MRI at 1.5 T. All haematomas were evacuated within a few days of the MRI examination. Symptomatic CSDH were divided into five groups according to the MRI findings: group A (11 cases), isointense or low signal on T1- and low signal on T2-weighted images; group B (18 cases), high signal on T1- and low signal on T2-weighted images; group C (5 cases), high signal on both T1- and T2-weighting; group D (1 case), low signal on T1- and high signal on T2-weighted images; group E (5 cases), heterogeneous intensity on T1- and T2-weighting throughout the haematoma cavity. The mean interval between onset of symptoms and MRI for group A was 5.0 ± 4.1 days, which was significantly shorter than that for group B (9.4 ± 4.4 days, P 〈 0.02), group C (27.8 ± 20 days, P 〈 0.005) or group E (17.8 ± 12.2 days, P 〈 0.01). Recurrence was seen in three haematomas of group A and one of group B. Reoperation was most closely correlated with diffuse low signal on T2-weighted images but not with a multiloculated appearance. Low signal on T2 weighting was surprisingly high (72.5 %) and the age of the haematomas as estimated on the MRI correlated well with the interval between the onset of symptoms and MRI. Our findings support the causative role of recurrent bleeding in the enlargement of CSDH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 179-181 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Mucormycosis ; Pons ; Infarct ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a patient with rhinocerebral mucormycosis whose initial central nervous system involvement was isolated pontine infarction due to basilar arteritis caused by the fungus. The patient was diagnosed and followed by MRI and CT and basilar arteritis was demonstrated well on MRI studies. Involvement of the skull base was shown on CT in the later stage of the disease. The unusual initial presentation of the infection is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 190-194 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Cerebellum ; growth and development ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The MRI findings in rostral vermian dysplasia are described for the first time. Defective foliation and abnormal fissuration of the rostral vermis can clearly be depicted on coronal images. The abnormalities are limited to the anterior lobe of the vermis and its hemisphere extension. A hypothesis is put forward to explain the abnormalities. It is suggested that the vermian changes result from an intrauterine insult at the end of the first trimester. There appears to be a variable degree of expression and associated cerebellar and cerebral cortical abnormalities can be seen. The clinical significance of these findings remains incompletely understood but may be related to the severity of the abnormalities. It is also suggested that a mild degree of vermian rostral dysplasia may represent an incidental imaging finding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 205-207 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Congenital varicella syndrome ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Congenital varicella syndrome is a rare disorder which follows maternal infection in the first or early second trimester. The syndrome comprises a number of malformations including microcephaly, cortical destruction and limb hypoplasia. We describe a case where there has been long-term survival following second trimester maternal infection. The clinical findings, including the characteristic lower limb hypoplasia, are documented, as are the appearances on cranial MRI indicating an encephaloclastic porencephaly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 269-270 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Infarct ; cerebral ; Motor cortex ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A patient with acute weakness of the righ arm showed a focal lesion on MRI in the left ’precentral knob', not visible on CT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Multiple sclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Interobserver variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract MRI is the paraclinical test most widely used to support the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). We evaluated interobserver agreement in applying diagnostic criteria to MRI obtained at first presentation. Five experienced observers scored 25 sets of images consisting of unenhanced T2- and gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images (approximately half the sets were normal). We scored frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, infratentorial and basal ganglia lesions and the total number of lesions on T2-weighted images; periventricular, callosal, juxtacortical and ovoid lesions and those 〉 5 mm in maximum diameter; contrast-enhancing and hypointense lesions. Based on a combination of imaging findings patients were classified as compatible or not compatible with MS according to composite criteria. Observer concordance was characterised by weighted kappa values (ϰ) and mean average difference to the median (MADM) scores. Using the raw scores, there was poor agreement for the total number of lesions on T2-weighted images, and for occipital, oval, juxtacortical and hypointense lesions. Moderate agreement was found for frontal, callosal, basal ganglia and large lesions on T2 weighting. Good agreement was attained for parietal, temporal, infratentorial and periventricular lesions. After dichotomisation according to accepted cut-off values, most criteria performed better, especially the number of lesions on T2-weighted images (P 〈 0.05). Good agreement was found for the criteria of Paty and Fazekas and moderate agreement for those of Barkhof. While experienced observers may not agree on the total number of lesions, they show quite good agreement for commonly used cut-off points and elements in the composite criteria. This validates the use of MRI in the diagnosis of MS, and the use of dichotomised and composite criteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Haemangioma ; capillary ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Contrast-enhancing intracranial masses are rarely found in infants with extracranial capillary haemangiomas (CH). We aimed to assess their nature and progression in three patients undergoing CT and/or MRI. The changes in size of both extra- and intracranial lesions were recorded. In a fourth case, a single examination was obtained. All patients harboured one or two enhancing intracranial nodular, meningeal-based lesions. Diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement of the cerebellar surface was also seen in one, which disappeared at follow-up. In all but one of the cases, the intracranial lesions were on the same side as the extracranial CH. These lesions and the extracranial CH demonstrated parallel changes in size (suggesting that both represent CH) during follow-up of 1–2 years: the size of intracranial lesions and the extracranial CH decreased in two cases, whereas it was unchanged in the third. One patient had a persistent trigeminal artery, while another had cerebellar atrophy with high signal in the cortex on T2-weighted images. In some cases, extracranial CH are part of PHACE syndrome; the association with intracranial CH might represent a peculiar phenotype of this rare vascular phakomatosis. As extracranial CH are known to regress spontaneously in the majority of cases, a conservative approach is recommended also for presumed intracranial CH; surgery should be avoided unless follow-up studies demonstrate growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Haemorrhage intraventricular ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract MRI of intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) has not been studied formally. We aimed to describe the degradation rate and patterns shown on 1.5 T MRI in IVH, comparing them to other coexisting brain hemorrhage. We studied 50 consecutive cases using T1-, proton-density, and T2-weighted images. IVH was seen in two forms: layered (free-flowing in ventricles) (37 cases) and/or clotted (31). Both were best shown by proton-density image. Layered IVH was seen in the dependent portions of the lateral ventricles with fluid (“blood-CSF”) levels, degrading more slowly than both clotted IVH and intraparenchymal hemorrhages (IPH) (acute blood products persisting for several more days; P 〈 0.05). Clotted IVH degraded at a rate comparable to IPH. IVH cleared rapidly and did not form hemosiderin. Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) cleared faster and was less conspicuous than IVH. Hypertensive (22), aneurysmal (11), traumatic (2), idiopathic (9), or vascular malformation-related (6) IVH were seen. IVH coexisted with IPH (30) or SAH (12), or both (12). The high rate of layering with blood-CSF levels in IVH is most likely due to different densities of blood components and CSF and the fibrinolytic capability of the latter. Delayed degradation of layered IVH probably reflects high intra-ventricular oxygen and glucose content. Further study is necessary to determine if MRI characteristics of IVH are helpful in excluding other intraventricular diseases such as neoplasia and pyocephalus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 497-500 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Cephalocele ; basal ; intrasphenoid ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The intrasphenoid form of basal cephalocele is uncommon. We describe the clinical, CT and MRI findings in two cases presenting in middle age with persistent cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea. Emphasis is placed upon the imaging findings which aid in discrimination of intrasphenoidal cephalocele from more common causes of a sphenoid sinus mass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Ear ; Labyrinth ; Anticoagulants ; Haemorrhage ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a patient who experienced a severe vertiginous episode with bilateral tinnitus and progressive right-sided hearing loss. She had Marfan's disease and was on anticoagulant treatment. The fluid in the labyrinth gave higher signal than cerebrospinal fluid on T1-weighted images, suggesting haemorrhage. The radiological follow-up is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Sclerosis ; hippocampal ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Epilepsy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a retrospective analysis of MRI in 206 patients with intractable seizures and describe the findings in bilateral mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) on fast spin-echo (FSE) and fast fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (fFLAIR) sequences. Criteria for MTS were atrophy, signal change and loss of the digitations of the head of the hippocampus. In patients with bilateral MRI signs of MTS, correlation with clinical electro, volumetric MRI data and neuropsychological tests, when available, was performed. Bilateral MTS was observed in seven patients. Bilateral loss of the digitations and signal change on fFLAIR was seen in all seven. In three, bilateral atrophy was obvious. In two patients, mild bilateral atrophy was observed and in two others, the hippocampi were: asymmetrical, with obvious atrophy on only one side. Volumetric data confirmed bilateral symmetrical atrophy in five patients, and volumes were at the lowest of the normal range in the other two. The EEG showed temporal abnormalities in all patients, unilateral in five and bilateral in two. All patients had memory impairment and neuropsychological data confirmed visual and verbal memory deficits; two patients failed the Wada test on both sides. High-resolution T2-weighted FSE and fFLAIR sequences allow diagnosis of bilateral MTS, which has important therapeutic and prognostic implications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Malignant fibrous histiocytoma ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Intracranial haemorrhage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We present CT and MRI of an intracranial malignant fibrous histiocytoma in a 5-year-old girl with headache and vomiting. This case is unusual particular by virtue of its radiological appearances and the young age of the patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 520-522 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous ; Leukocoria ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV), a developmental cause of leukocoria, is due to incomplete regression of the fetal blood supply to the eye. We report the MRI features of PHPV of the dorsal type to facilitate differential diagnosis from other causes of leukocoria, namely retinoblastoma, which may have major therapeutic consequences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Disc ; intervertebral ; prolapsed ; Migration ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report three patients with a sequestrated disc fragment posterior to the thecal sac. The affected disc was lumbar in two cases and thoracic in the third. Disc fragment migration is usually limited to the anterior extra dural space. Migration of a disc fragment behind the dural sac is seldom encountered. MRI appears to be the method of choice to make this diagnosis. The disc fragments gave low signal on T1- and slightly high signal on T2-weighted images and showed rim contrast enhancement. The differential diagnosis includes abscess, metastatic tumour and haematoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 654-656 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Angle cerebellopontine ; Papilloma choroid plexus ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We present a rare cerebellopontine angle choroid plexus papilloma arising at the foramen of Luschka, without an associated intraventricular component. Distinct features of the tumour on MRI, of multiple recurrences with cystic features, are described, with a review of the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Hydrocephalus ; Ventriculostomy ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Pulse sequences
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe the use of three-dimensional Fourier transform constructive imaging in the steady state (CISS) MRI in the assessment of patients with hydrocephalus. We have found it of value both as a diagnostic investigation and in the follow-up of patients treated by third ventriculostomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 175-178 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Infarct ; cerebral ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; diffusion-weighted
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We compared CT and MRI obtained within the first 3 h of onset of a cerebral infarct. Echo-planar diffusion-weighted MRI delineated the infarcted areas most clearly, and subtle low-density areas on CT were consistent with those shown to be abnormal by diffusion-weighted MR. The signal changes of affected areas on fast spin-echo proton-density, T2-weighted and fast FLAIR images were subtler than the low density on CT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Shunt ; portosystemic ; Globus pallidus ; Manganese ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report two toddlers with portosystemic shunts who had symmetrical high-signal globus pallidus lesions on T1- but not T2-weighted MRI, and measurement of whole blood manganese at 2 years of age. These cases suggest that portosystemic shunts can cause elevation of blood manganese and result in manganese accumulation in the globus pallidus, causing high signal on T1-weighted images even in asymptomatic toddlers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 428-432 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Tuberous sclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Focal cortical dysplasia ; Cortical dysgenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract There is immense variability in the clinical presentation of tuberous sclerosis and many incomplete forms (formes frustes) exist. To investigate the imaging characteristics of cortical tubers seen in tuberous sclerosis unaccompanied by other stigmata, we reviewed MRI and CT of six patients who met the criteria for a definitive diagnosis of TS, established solely by the presence of a histologically confirmed cortical tuber. Five of the patients had a solitary cortical tuber and the last had three lesions, one of which was resected and confirmed histologically. The other two lesions were included in our study. CT showed five tubers as low density, but three were not identified. No calcified or dense lesions were observed. MRI revealed peripheral components and inner cores of seven cortical tubers in five patients, with differing signal characteristics. The subcortical cores, with T1 and T2 prolongation, were separated from the overlying cortex. Abnormal inhomogeneous high signal was observed in both the cortex and subcortical white matter on proton-density weighted or FLAIR images. A radially orientated white-matter band was observed in one patient, and central depression of the expanded gyri in another. In one patient, a cortical tuber was atypical, with a thick cortex on T1-weighted images and a blurred grey/white matter junction with diffusely increased signal on T2-weighted images. Cortical tubers without other stigmata of tuberous sclerosis are shown to be distinct from focal cortical dysplasia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Dural arteriovenous fistula ; Craniocervical junction ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Venous hypertension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a 62-year-old woman who presented with a myelopathy at the lower thoracic level. Left vertebral angiography revealed a dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) at the craniocervical junction, draining into an anterior spinal vein. Below the T 7 level, the spinal cord gave high signal on T 2-weighted images and enhanced with Gd-DTPA. The patient was successfully treated by simple clipping of vein draining the DAVF. The abnormal signal intensity and contrast enhancement rapidly regressed, except in the conus medullaris. Regression of the parenchymal abnormality on serial MRI following treatment corresponded closely with postoperative improvement of neurological function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 844-846 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Brain ; Echinococcosis alveolar ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cerebral alveolar echinococcosis is rare. We report a case with multiple intracranial masses which show cauliflower-like contrast enhancement pattern on MRI. The lesions originated from hepatic involvement with invasion of the inferior vena cava.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy ; Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ; Single-photon emission ; tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe a patient with AIDS who presented with focal neurological symptoms, and who had contrast-enhancing brain lesions on MRI which demonstrated increased thallium-201 uptake on SPECT. These findings were consistent with lymphoma; however, brain biopsy established a diagnosis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of PML with increased thallium-201 uptake on brain SPECT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Parkinson's disease ; Differential diagnosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Signal intensity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A reduction in signal in the basal ganglia on T2-weighted images is said to correlate with a poor response to L-DOPA and may help to identify patients with nonidiopathic parkinsonism. Our aim in this prospective study was to use the contrast-to-noise ratio of the MRI signal on T2-weighted images in various parts of the basal ganglia in 43 patients with de novo parkinsonism. Signal intensity measurements were compared to the response to the dopamine agonist apomorphine and dopamine-D2 receptor binding obtained by 3-iodo-6-methoxybenzamine single-photon emission computed tomography (IBZM-SPECT). A reduced contrast-to-noise ratio in the putamen correlated significantly with a negative response to apomorphine and reduced striatal IBZM binding. No additional signal intensity measurement correlated with response to apomorphine or specific IBZM binding. However, there was a considerable overlap of contrast-to-noise ratios between patients with a positive or negative response to apomorphine or normal and reduced IBZM binding. We suggest that semiquantitative assessment of signal intensity in the putamen shows a significant reduction in patients with probably nonidiopathic parkinsonism compared with patients with probably idiopathic parkinsonism. However, this method does not exclude idiopathic parkinsonism in a given patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 140-143 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Haemangiomas ; head and neck ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Magnetic resonance angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We evaluated the clinical effectiveness of contrast-enhanced three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) for diagnosing head and neck haemangiomas. We studied six patients using a magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient-echo (MP-RAGE) sequence on a 1.5-T system. Conventional T1- and T2-weighted and contrast-enhanced images were also obtained. The images were compared with histological findings. In four cavernous haemangiomas, a mass was partially visible as an enhancing lesion on the early phase of MRA, and was completely visible as a larger enhancing lesion in the late phase, showing slow blood flow. In two capillary haemangiomas, a mass was completely visible in the early phase showing fast flow. In all patients, MRA clearly showed both the haemangiomas and the external carotid artery branches. MRA allowed assessment of the relationship between the haemangiomas and the feeding arteries, and of the haemodynamics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Hypernatraemia ; Myelinolysis ; extrapontine ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The neuroimaging findings in an infant with hypernatremic dehydration are presented. Brain parenchymal haemorrhage and extensive multiple infarcts were present in the acute stage. Follow-up CT showed bilateral, symmetrical changes presumed to indicate extrapontine myelinolysis in the thalamus and globus pallidus. MRI confirmed sparing of the pons. Only three previous cases of neuroimaging abnormalities due to hypernatraemia have been described in the radiological literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Hereditary caeruloplasmin deficiency ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We present two patients with hypocaeruloplasminaemia and a heteroallelic caeruloplasmin gene mutation (HypoCPGM). These patients had diabetes mellitus and tremor of the hands, respectively. T2-weighted fast spin-echo MRI showed mildly reduced intensity of the putamen, much more marked on echo-planar imaging.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Pituitary adenoma ; Meningioma diaphragma sellae ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Diaphragma sellae meningiomas are unusual tumours often not distinguished from pituitary macroadenomas. Preoperative differentiation is essential, because the trans-sphenoidal approach is used for surgical removal of adenomas, while meningiomas are approached via a craniotomy. We reviewed five patients in whom a diaphragma sellae meningioma was initially diagnosed as a nonsecreting pituitary macroadenoma. MRI criteria for differential diagnosis are discussed. The main findings considered are visibility of the pituitary gland, contrast enhancement, the centre of the lesion and sellar enlargement. These criteria, applied to a blind review, allow correct identification of the tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Stroke ; ischaemic ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Diffusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We examined the diagnostic use of isotropic diffusion-weighted (DW) MRI in 140 consecutive patients suspected of or diagnosed as having an ischaemic stroke. Isotropic DW imaging could demonstrate the lesion responsible for the clinical deficit in patients with multiple cerebral infarts at an early stage, even small lesions without a perifocal oedema or mass effect. Accurate diagnosis by DW images may, however, be difficult about 2 weeks after the onset of stroke.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Neuroma acoustic ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Haemorrhage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 55-year-old man with hearing loss presented with vertigo and vomiting. CT tomography and MRI demonstrated a cerebellopontine angle mass with foci of haemorrhage. An angiomatous tumour, with large abnormal veins adhering to the capsule, was completely removed. Histologically, the tumour was an acoustic neuroma with abnormal vascularisation and limited intratumoral haemorrhage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 799-801 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Endolymphatic sac ; adenocarcinoma ; Hearing loss ; sensorineural ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 30-year-old man presented with sudden left deafness and vertigo. CT showed an osteolytic retrolabyrinthine tumour of the left temporal bone. High signal from the tumour and labyrinth was seen on fat-suppressed T 1-weighted images. At surgery, a haemorrhagic papillary-cystic adenocarcinoma of the endolymphatic sac was found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 788-794 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Paraganglioma spinal ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the clinical MRI and histopathological features of five consecutive cases of spinal paraganglioma. Three intradural tumours were found in the typical location (two at the L4, one at the S2 level); one intradural extramedullary tumour arose at an unusual level, from the ventral C2 root, and one extradural tumour growing along the L5 nerve root sheath had an aggressive growth pattern with early, local paraspinal recurrence and, eventually, intradural metastatic spread. This type of growth pattern has not been described previously. Paragangliomas of the spinal canal are more common than previously thought and can be located anywhere along the spine, although the lumbosacral level is the most common. Their appearance on MRI can not disinguish them from other tumours in the spinal canal. Even though paragangliomas in general are benign and slowly growing their growth pattern can vary and be more aggressive, to the point of metastatic spread.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 840-843 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Proteus syndrome ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The Proteus syndrome is a rare hamartoneoplastic syndrome that may affect the brain, skull, and extracranial head and neck. We present a case with severe, characteristic findings. Brain abnormalities are not common in Proteus syndrome; when present, hemimegalencephaly and migrational disorders are typically seen, commonly with an associated seizure disorder. Maxillary and mandibular dysmorphism may occur, including unilateral condylar hyperplasia. Subcutaneous fatty, fibrous, lymphangiomatous masses commonly seen in this syndrome may involve the neck and face, leading to disfigurement and potential airway compromise.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Multiple sclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We evaluated the effect of consensus formation and training on the agreement between observers in scoring the number of new and enlarging multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions on serial T2-weighted MRI studies. The baseline and month 9 MRI studies of 16 patients with a range of MRI activity were used (dual-echo conventional spin-echo sequence, TR 2000, TE 34 and 90 ms, 5 mm contiguous slices, in-plane resolution 1 mm). First, the serial studies were visually analysed for the presence of new and enlarging lesions, on two occasions, by five experienced observers, without adopting any consensus strategy and in isolation. Next, the observers met to identify the common sources of inconsistencies in reporting between observers and formulate consensus rules. Finally, a further independent reading session was performed on the same MRI dataset, this time applying the consensus rules. Agreement between observers was assessed using kappa scores. Without the consensus rules, interobserver kappa scores for the first and second reading sessions for new lesions were only 0.51 and 0.39 respectively; agreement for enlarging lesions was even worse. The mean intraobserver kappa score for new lesions was higher at 0.72, reflecting the fact that the observers were consistently applying their individual assessment strategies. Application of the consensus rules did not lead to a significant improvement in inter observer kappas; the kappa scores adopting the guidelines were 0.46 and 0.21 for new and enlarging lesions respectively. Consensus guidelines thus did not improve the reproducibility of visual analysis of serial T2-weighted MRI, and the level of agreement between observers remained only moderate. Suboptimal repositioning is likely to be a major source of residual variability and this suggests a future role for image registration strategies; until then, a single observer, or pair of observers working in consensus, should be used in MS studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 904-909 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Epidural abscess spinal ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Spine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our purpose was to determine if specific MRI findings in spinal epidural abscess (SEA), at the time of diagnosis, are associated with the clinical outcome. The clinical records and MRI studies of 18 patients with SEA were reviewed and follow-up was obtained from the outpatient medical record, telephone interview, or both. The association between findings on contrast-enhanced MRI and clinical outcome (weakness, neck or back pain, and incomplete functional recovery) was evaluated. With univariate analysis, narrowing of 50 % or more of the central spinal canal (P = 0.03), peripheral contrast-enhancement (P = 0.05), and abnormal spinal cord signal intensity (P = 0.05) were associated with weakness at follow-up. Persistent neck or back pain was associated with spinal canal narrowing (P = 0.02), peripheral contrast-enhancement (P = 0.02), and an abscess longer than 3 cm (P = 0.04) on MRI. Incomplete clinical recovery was associated with both abscess length (P = 0.01) and the severity of canal narrowing (P = 0.01). Abscess length, enhancement pattern, and severity of canal narrowing can be incorporated in a grading system that can be used to predict outcome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Encephalitis ; Rasmussen's ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The greater sensitivity of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) compared with MRI to brain abnormalities in Rasmussen's encephalitis was demonstrated in a 3-year-old boy. The patient, with symptoms, signs and morphological findings consistent with Rasmussen's encephalitis, was followed with MRI and MRS over 30 months. That metabolic changes can be disclosed by MRS before the development of symptoms or signs was demonstrated as pathological spectra were found not only in the diseased left hemisphere but also in the morphologically normal right hemisphere before any neurological disturbance of that side.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Moyamoya disease ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Diffusion-weighted imaging ; Perfusion imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe the use of diffusion-weighted imaging and perfusion MRI using a contrast-medium bolus in the preoperative investigation for young man presenting with a cerebral ischaemic episode as a manifestation of moyamoya disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Nerves ; cranial ; Nerve ; trigeminal ; Schwannoma ; Neurofibroma ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We reviewed the clinical and MRI findings in primary nerve-sheath tumours of the trigeminal nerve. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records, imaging and histological specimens of 10 patients with 11 primary tumours of the trigeminal nerve. We assessed whether tumour site, size, morphology or signal characteristics were related to symptoms and signs or histological findings. Histological proof was available for 8 of 11 tumours: six schwannomas and two plexiform neurofibromas. The other three tumours were thought to be schwannomas, because they were present in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 and followed the course of the trigeminal nerve. Uncommon MRI appearances were observed in three schwannomas and included a large intratumoral haemorrhage, a mainly low-signal appearance on T2-weighted images and a rim-enhancing, multicystic appearance. Only four of nine schwannomas caused trigeminal nerve symptoms, including two with large cystic components, one haemorrhagic and one solid tumor. Of the five schwannomas which did not cause any trigeminal nerve symptoms, two were large. Only one of the plexiform neurofibromas caused trigeminal nerve symptoms. Additional neurological symptoms and signs, not related to the trigeminal nerve, could be attributed to the location of the tumour in three patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 134-136 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Demyelination ; Methotrexate ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Ommaya reservoir
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe the imaging findings in an unusual case of biopsy-proven, methotrexate-induced leukoencephalopathy complicating a malfunctioning Ommaya reservoir in a patient with lymphoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 358-359 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Amyloid ; Pituitary adenoma ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a patient with a pituitary adenoma with extensive amyloid formation. T2-weighted MRI was most characteristic for amyloid deposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 584-587 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Angiolipoma ; Spinal cord ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report an intramedullary angiolipoma with spinal cord compression studied by MRI, angiography and CT. Angiolipomas of the spine are rare benign tumours containing vascular and mature adipose elements. They are epidural in more than 90 % of the cases; only three cases of intramedullary angiolipoma are described. The clinical picture is nonspecific, but MRI and CT suggest the diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 666-669 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words One-and-a-half syndrome ; Infarcts pontine ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The one-and-a-half syndrome is characterised by a lateral gaze palsy in one direction and internuclear ophthalmoplegia in the other. It is due to a unilateral lesion of the dorsal pontine tegmentum, involving the ipsilateral paramedian pontine reticular formation, internuclear fibres of the ipsilateral medical longitudinal fasciculus and, usually, the abducens nucleus. The main causes of this rare syndrome are stroke and multiple sclerosis. Few cases have been reported since the introduction of MRI. Our aim was to examine clinicoradiological correlations in six patients with a one-and-a-half syndrome due to a stroke. Ophthalmological symptoms were diplopia, oscillopsia or blurred vision. Four patients had an associated facial nerve palsy, three a hemiparesis and one a unilateral hemihypoaesthesia. MRI revealed an infarct in the pons in all patients. The cause of the infarct was a basilar artery dissection in one patient, bilateral vertebral artery dissection in a second and unknown in the other four. All patients recovered within 2 days to 8 weeks. This study showed a good correlation between the site of the lesion (superior, inferior or extensive pontine ischaemia) and clinical deficits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Pituitary ; adenoma ; Growth hormone-secreting ; Acromegaly ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Preoperative serum growth hormone (GH) level is one of the most important determinants of outcome. Our aim was to assess MRI findings which may correlate with pretreatment GH levels in GH-secreting adenomas. We retrospectively studied 29 patients with acromegaly caused by a pituitary adenoma. Tumor size (height, width, thickness and volume), suprasellar extension, sphenoid or cavernous sinus invasion, signal intensity and contrast enhancement were studied. Linear regression analysis or Fisher's exact probability test was used for statistical analysis. Factors related to high GH levels were the maximum dimension of the tumour (r = 0.496, P 〈 0.01), its volume (r = 0.439, P 〈 0.05), spenoid sinus invasion (P 〈 0.01) and intracavernous carotid artery (encasement (P 〈 0.01). The other items were not related to serum GH levels. Since we believe surgery is the first choice of treatment and the cavernous sinus is difficult of access with a conventional surgical approach, preoperative assessment of invasion into the cavernous sinus is critical for predicting the surgical outcome. Low GH levels (5–50 ng/ml) were found with tumours medial to the intercarotid line and high levels (more than 101 ng/ml) with invasive tumours with carotid artery encasement. Variable GH levels were noted with tumours extending beyond the intercarotid line. Because functioning adenomas invading the cavernous sinus tend to have markedly high hormone levels, and only patients with carotid artery encasement showed markedly elevated GH levels, we believe carotid artery encasement a reliable MRI indicator of cavernous sinus invasion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Key words Blood pressure ; Endothelium ; Human ; Mesenteric artery ; Rat ; Smooth muscle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The majority of the findings concerning arterial physiology and pathophysiology originate from studies with experimental animals, while only limited information exists about the functional characteristics of human arteries. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to compare the control of vascular tone in vitro in mesenteric arterial rings of corresponding size (outer diameter 0.75–1 mm) from humans and Wistar-Kyoto rats. The relaxations to acetylcholine (ACh) were clearly less marked in the mesenteric arteries of humans when compared with rats. How-ever, when calcium ionophore A23187 was used as the vasodilator, the endothelium-mediated relaxations did not significantly differ between these species. The NO synthase inhibitor N G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) attenuated the relaxations to ACh and A23187 in both groups. The endothelium-independent relaxations to the β-adrenoceptor agonist isoprenaline and the nitric oxide (NO)-donor nitroprusside were somewhat lower in human arteries, while vasodilation induced by the K+ channel opener cromakalim was similar between humans and rats. Arterial contractile sensitivity to noradrenaline and serotonin was slightly lower in human vessels, whereas contractile sensitivity to KCl was similar between these species. The contractions induced by cumulative addition of Ca2+ with noradrenaline as the agonist were effectively inhibited in both groups by the calcium channel blocker nifedipine, the effect of which was clearly more pronounced in human arteries. In conclusion, the control of vascular tone of isolated arteries of corresponding size from humans and rats appeared to be rather similar. The most marked differences between these species were the impaired endothelium-mediated dilation to ACh and the more pronounced effect of nifedipine on the Ca2+-induced contractions in human arteries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Olive ; degeneration ; Head injurgy ; Pontine hemorrhage ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied serial MRI appearances of transneuronal degeneration in the inferior olives, retrospectively analysing follow-up images of five patients, three with head injury and two with brain stem haemorrhage. We performed 13 MRI studies 4 days to 2 years 7 months after the accident. All but one of the patients exhibited bilateral olivary high signal on T2-weighted images. The interval between causal event and appearance of olivary changes was 2–4 months, images 4 days to 1.5 months after the accidents revealing no changes. Olivary enlargement was observed in four patients 2–4 months after ictus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...