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  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984
  • 1970-1974  (3.567)
  • 1930-1934
  • 1915-1919  (256)
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  • 101
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 557-568 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Quecksilberacetat bildet oberhalb 120°C mit Acetonitril mehrfach am Kohlenstoff mercurierte Derivate. Aus den Ansätzen konnte in hoher Ausbeute Tris-(acetoxymercuri)-cyanmethan isoliert und analytisch charakterisiert werden. Die monomercurierten Verbindungen ClHgCH2CN und Hg(CH2CN)2 wurden aus Lithiumacetonitril und Quecksilber(II)-chlorid bei -70°C als stabile, schmelzbare Substanzen dargestellt. Aus ClHgCH2CN zugängliches Acetoxymercuri-cyanmethan setzt sich mit Acetonitril schon bei dessen Siedetemperatur zu den schwerlöslichen Bis- und Tris-(acetoxymercuri)-Verbindungen um. Der Cyanmethylrest ist von Quecksilber nicht auf Palladium zu übertragen und dadurch zu aktivieren, sondern es bilden sich stabile Komplexe zwischen ClHgCH2CN bzw. Hg(CH2CN)2 und PdCl2. Durch Photolyse wurde aus Hg(CH2CN)2 Succinonitril erhalten. Die Verbindungen wurden IR-spektroskopisch und z. T. polarographisch untersucht.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 102
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 604-614 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Die Solvatochromie von 1,2-Diimin-molybdän(0)-carbonylkomplexen wird zur Charakterisierung der Lösungsmittelpolarität von 40 organischen Lösungsmitteln und filmbildenden Polymeren herangezogen. Absorptionsmessungen an der langwelligen Absorptionsbande führen zur Aufstellung einer Polaritätsskala der Lösungsmittel, die erhebliche Unterschiede zu der auf Solvatochromie-messungen an Pyridiniumsalzen beruhenden ET-Skala aufweist. Die Ursachen der Unterschiede werden diskutiert, und es werden Vergleiche zu einigen lösungsmittelabhängigen Eigenschaften anderer Verbindungen gezogen. In organischen filmbildenden Polymeren ist die Solvatochromie der Komplexverbindungen abhängig von der chemischen Natur der solvatisierenden Gruppen und weniger von den sterischen Verhältnissen im Polymeren. Es wird gezeigt, daß sich in gemischten Lösungsmitteln die Natur der Solvathülle um den Chelatkomplex von der makroskopischen Zusammensetzung des Lösungsmittelgemischs beträchtlich unterscheidet.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 103
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 975-980 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: ω-Cyanoacetophenone was coupled with a variety of aromatic diazonium chlorides to give the corresponding arylazo derivatives 1 a-g. Analysis of the IR and UV spectra of these compounds indicated that they exist mainly as the corresponding arylhydrazones. Compounds 1 a-d, f, g reacted with diazomethane to yield the N-methyl-arylhydrazones 2 a-f. 3-Amino-4-arylazo-5-phenylpyrazoles 5 a-g and 4-arylazo-5-imino-1,3-diphenyl-2-pyrazolines 6 a-g were obtained by the interaction of 1 a-g with hydrazine hydrate and with phenylhydrazine, respectively.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 104
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 1002-1012 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Phosphorigsäuredialkylester addieren sich an substituierte 2-Chloracroleine 4 zu β,γ-ungesättigten α-Hydroxy-phosphonsäuredialkylestern 6. Alkalijodide entalkylieren 6 zu Salzon des Typs 7, aus denen die Estersäuren 8 zugänglich sind. Die Kinetik von Entalkylierung und Hydrolyse ausgewählter Ester 6 wird untersucht und die Toxizität der Ester diskutiert.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 105
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 1041-1046 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 106
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 107
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 1030-1036 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: 2-Mercapto-3-cyanpyridine reagieren mit α-Halogencarbonylverbindungen wie Halogenketonen und Chloressigsäurederivaten zu 3-Amino-thieno[2,3-b]pyridinen 1. Aus der o-Aminocarbonsäure 1 g sind die substituierten 3-Amino-, 3-Hydroxy- und 3-Alkoxy-thienopyridine mit freier 2-Stellung erhältlich. 1 ist quarternierbar und zur Ankondensation eines Pyrimidinringes geeignet.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 108
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 1051-1053 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 109
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 1056-1056 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 110
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 1037-1040 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 111
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 1047-1050 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 112
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 26-42 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Butadien wird bei Gegenwart von Alkoholen oder Phenolen durch homogene ZIEGLER-NATTA-Katalysatorsysteme, die aus einer Nickel(II)-verbindung, einer Verbindung des dreiwertigen Phosphors und einer Organolithiumverbindung gebildet werden, zu den Dimeren n-Octatrien-(1,3c,7) und -(1,3t,7), n-Octatrien-(1,3c,6t), n-Octatrien-(2,4,6) und 2-Vinylmethylencyclopentan sowie den Telomeren 1-Alkyl(Aryl)oxybuten-(2t), 3-Alkyl(Aryl)-oxybuten-(1), 3-Alkyl(Aryl)oxyoctadien-(1,7) und 1-Alkyl(Aryl)oxyoctadien-(2t,7) umgesetzt.Es wird die Abhängigkeit der Zusammensetzung der gebildeten Produktgemische von den Versuchsbedingungen und die Strukturaufklärung der erhaltenen Dimeren und Telomeren mitgeteilt.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 113
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 63-66 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: N-(1-Hydroxy-2,2,3-trichlorpropyl)-säureamide 1a-e lassen sich durch Kochen mit Thionylchlorid in Benzol oder durch Erwärmen mit Phosphorpentachlorid in N-(1,2,2,3-Tetrachlorpropyl)-säureamide 2a-e überführen, aus denen man durch Abspalten von Chlorwasserstoff mit Triäthylamin in Benzol oder Tetrahydrofuran die N-Acyl-2,2,3-trichlorpropionaldimine 3a-e erhält. Diese addieren leicht Wasser oder Chlorwasserstoff unter Rückbildung der Hydroxy-Verbindungen 1a-e bzw. der Tetrachlor-Verbindungen 2a-e.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 114
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 75-86 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Möglichkeiten der quantenchemischen Berechnung thermodynamischer Gleichgewichtsdaten für die Elektronentransferlumineszenz- bzw. Elektronentransferlöschreaktionen zwischen aromatischen π-Elektronensystemen in Lösung werden diskutiert und derartige Berechnungen für einige Systeme durchgeführt. Die kleine Enthalpie dieser Reaktionen ergibt sich als Summe der wesentlich größeren negativen Enthalpie einer hypothetischen Gasphasenreaktion und positiven Änderung der Solvatationsenthalpie. Ferner wird die Möglichkeit untersucht, durch LFE-Beziehungen die Freie Reaktionsenthalpie aus quantenchemisch berechneten Größen vorauszusagen. Es zeigt sich, daß dies nur in kleinen Gruppen verwandter Substanzen möglich ist.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 115
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 119-127 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Die Komplexbildungsreaktionen zwischen Silber(I) und den Aminosäuren L-Prolin, L-Hydroxyprolin, DL-Isoleucin, DL-Leucin und DL-Valin, sowie der Palladium(II)-Ionen mit den Aminosäuren L-α-Alanin, β-Alanin, DL-Phenylalanin, DL-Serin, DL-Threonin, L-Prolin, L-Hydroxyprolin, DL-Isoleucin, DL-Leucin und DL-Valin in wäßriger Lösung wurden pH-potentiometrisch verfolgt. Dazu wurden die Dissoziationskonstanten der Liganden bestimmt.Aus dem Verlauf der erhaltenen Titrationskurven der Silber-Aminosäure-Verbindungen kann geschlossen werden, daß die Koordination nur über den Aminostickstoff erfolgen kann.Weiterhin wurden die Stabilitätskonstanten von Kobalt(II)-, Kadmium(II)-, Zink(II)- und teilweise auch von Blei(II)-Komplexen der Oligopeptide L-Alanyl-L-phenylanlanin, L-Alanyl-L-leucin, L-Alanyl-L-prolin, Glycyl-glycyl-L-prolin und DL-Leucyl-DL-leucin ermittelt. Bei Kupfer(II) und Nickel(II) machte die durch Komplexbildung ausgelöste Sekundärdissozation von Peptidprotonen die Auswertung der Titrationskurven mit der von uns verwendeten Berechnungsmethode unmöglich. Nur bei Verwendung des Dipeptids L-Alanyl-L-prolin gelang infolge der Abwesenheit des Peptidprotons die Bestimmung der lg k-Werte. Eine Korrelation zwischen den Dissoziations- und Stabilitätskonstanten einiger untersuchter Zink- und Kobalt-Peptid-Komplexe bestätigt die Annahme, daß einer der Ligatoren das endständige Aminostickstoffatom ist.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 116
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 154-158 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 117
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 169-172 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 118
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 192-198 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The reaction of 5-aminobenzo[b]thiophene 1 with ethyl acetoacetate has been investigated. A number of new thienoquinoline derivatives has been synthesized and characterized. Structures of the newly prepared compounds have been determined by micro and spectral analyses.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 119
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 223-234 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Quartäre Aziridiniumsalze reagieren in einer 1,3-polaren Cycloaddition mit Cyanguanidinen, Cyanamid, Cyanamidinen, Cyanthioharnstoffen und β-Enaminonitrilen zu in 2-Stellung substituierten Imidazoliniumsalzen 6, 11, 13, 17 und 19. Guanidino- und Amidino-substituierte Imidazoliniumsalze bilden stabile Kupferkomplexe. Eine Zuordnung möglicher Strukturen gelingt mit Hilfe der IR-Spektroskopie.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 120
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 259-266 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-benzo[b]thiepin-5-one, its 7-methyl derivative, and their S, S-dioxides condense with aromatic aldehydes to give the corresponding 4-arylidene derivatives 3 and 4. Compounds 4 react with hydrazine and phenylhydrazine to yield 3, 3a, 4, 5-tetrahydro-2 H-benzo-[b]thiepino[4, 5-c]pyrazole S, S-dioxide derivatives 5 and 6. Some of the arylidene derivatives 4 add GRIGNARD reagents to give 7. The IR spectra of representative examples are discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 121
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 293-298 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Aus der Klasse der Phosphonsäuren werden die Infrarotspektren der n-Verbindungen Propan-, Butan-, Pentan-, Hexan-, Heptan-, Octan-, Nonan-, Decan-, Dodecan- und Hexadecanphosphonsäure im Bereich von 400-3500 cm-1 mitgeteilt und diskutiert. Im bandenreichen Deformationsschwingungsbereich werden die OH-Schwingungen mittels Deuterierung und Salzbildung ermittelt. Danach können die übrigen Schwingungen des anorganischen Restes der Säuren durch vergleichende Betrachtungen und Diskussion von Literaturangaben zugeordnet werden.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 122
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 315-324 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Es werden Synthese und allgemeine Eigenschaften von Carbonsäure-α-alkoxy-, -α-alkylmercapto- bzw. -α-phenoxy-β,β,β-trichloräthyl-estern 2 und von Dicarbonsäure-α-methoxy-β,β,β-trichloräthyl-estern 3 beschrieben. Von 2 und 3 werden die IR-Spektren diskutiert sowie Umesterung, Aminolysen und Substitutionsreaktionen beschrieben.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 123
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 349-352 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 124
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 353-362 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Die Verbindung kristallisiert in der Raumgruppe P\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \frac{{2_1 }}{{\rm n}} $\end{document} mit den Gitterkonstanten a = 8,395 Å; b = 11,239 Å; c = 3,922 Å; β = 104,36°. Das Strukturprinzip ergab sich aus Fouriermethoden. Die dreidimensionale, anisotrope Verfeinerung erfolgte nach der Least-squares-Methode. Der abschließende Diskrepanzfaktor für 762 Reflexe beträgt 0,084. Das Chinon-Ion zeigt, wie ähnliche, symmetrisch substituierte Chinonderivate, einen markanten Unterschied zur Geometrie eines Moleküls mit typischer Chinonstruktur, das heißt mit alternierenden Doppelbindungen im Kohlenstoff-Sechsring. Das vorliegende Chinon-Ion kann als Koppelungsprodukt zweier hochsymmetrischer Trimethinoxonol-Ketten (Polymethinstrukturelemente) aufgefaßt werden. Innerhalb jeder Kette zeigt sich maximaler Bindungslängenausgleich der C—C-Bindungen (1,395 Å) und gleiche Länge der C—O-Bindungen (1,264 Å) Die koppelnden Bindungen haben den extrem großen C—C-Abstand von 1,543 Å zwischen formal sp2-hybridisierten C-Atomen. Das Kalium-Atom ist oktaedrisch von sechs Sauerstoffatomen umgeben. Die Packung der ebenen Chinonringe (Ebenenabstand 3,42 Å) entspricht einer Aggregation in Form eindimensionaler polymerer Stapel. Die Stapel sind untereinander durch die Wechselwirkungen mit den Kalium-Kationen verbunden.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 125
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 391-401 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Die 13C-NMR-Spektren von 16 Steroidverbindungen (3, 16- bzw. 3, 16, 17-substituierte Δ5(6)-Androstene und Δ1, 3, 5(10)-östratriene) werden aufgenommen und vollständig zugeordnet. Der Einfluß von Substituenteneffekten und sterischen Wechselwirkungen auf die 13C-chemischen Verschiebungen wird diskutiert. Es wird gezeigt, daß sich für 17- bzw. 16,17-substituierte Steroide eine zuverlässige Unterscheidung der Konfigurationsisomeren und eine eindeutige Zuordnung der Substituenten zur α- bzw. β-Konfiguration an Hand der chemischen Verschiebungen der C-Atome C-17 und C-18 durchführen läßt.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 126
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 434-442 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: N2-Aryl-N1,N1-dialkylchlorformamidine 1 reagieren mit Oximen über hydrolyseempfindliche Zwischenprodukte zu 2-Hydroxy-1-aryl-3,3-dialkylguanidinen 3.Diese Hydroxyguanidine bilden mit Benzoylchlorid O- und O,N-acylierte Verbindungen, mit Chlorameisensäureestern entstehen 3-Dialkylamino-4-aryl-5-oxo-Δ2-1,2,4-oxadiazoline 7. Die Reaktion mit Alkylhalogeniden führt zu 2-Alkoxy-1-aryl-3,3-dialkylguanidinen 8, und die katalytische Hydrierung liefert 1-Aryl-3,3-dialkylguanidine. Bei der Abspaltung der Oximinogruppe im saure Medium in Gegenwart von Oxydationsmitteln entstehen entsprechend substituierte Harnstoffe.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 127
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 469-473 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Die aus 2-Aminopyridin und β-Ketoaldehydacetalen resultierenden Verbindungen liegen nicht - wie bisher angenommen - in der Imin-Form 3, sondern als vinyloge Amide 5 vor. Die Strukturzuordnung gründet sich auf IR-, NMR- und UV-spektroskopische Befunde sowie auf eine unabhängige Synthese.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 128
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 496-502 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Es wird die Röntgenkristallstrukturanalyse des stereoisomeren 8-Methyl-5,5a,6,7,8,9-hexahydro-pyrido[2,1-b]chinazolinium-pikrats 1 beschrieben. Die Verbindung kristallisiert in der triklinen Raumgrupe P1, wobei sich zwei Formeleinheiten C19H19N5O7 in der Elementarzelle befinden. Die Gitterkonstanten betragen a = 9,033, b = 14,425, c = 8,300 Å, α = 103,55, β = 101,46 und γ = 71,07°. Im Pyridochinazolinium-Kation liegt (5aR, 8S)-Raumstruktur vor, wobei im Kristallgitter zwei verschiedene mit den Pikrat-Anionen paarweise über gegabelte Wasserstoffbrücken verknüpfte Konformere nebeneinander auftreten.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 129
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 517-519 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Furfuryl mercaptan has been found to form soluble and sparingly soluble complexes with metals. The composition and stabilities of the soluble complexes of uranyl [1], zinc [2], thorium [3], lanthanum and cerium [4] have already been reported by the authors. The present communication describes the composition of sparingly soluble complexes of Cu(II), Hg(II) and Ag with furfuryl mercaptan by amperometric, condutometric and potentiometric methods and the determination of their solubility products by polarographic technique applying RINGBOM's method.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 130
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 526-527 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 131
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 534-544 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Die durch Addition von α-subst. Methanphosphonsäureestern 1, 2 an Isothiocyanate erhältlichen CH-aciden Thioamide 3, 4 geben durch S-Alkylierung Keten-S, N-acetale 5, 6.3a-c reagieren mit Oxalylchlorid zu Thiazolin-dionen-(4, 5) 8a-c, mit Brom zu Benzthiazolinen 13. Der Umsatz von 4 mit Brom führt hingegen primär zu Disulfiden 14a, b. 3c wird durch Hydrazinhydrat zu einem 4-phosphono-substituierten 3-Anilino-pyrazolon-(5) 15 cyclisiert.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 132
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 595-603 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Während die aus α-Diäthoxyphosphono-α-äthoxycarbonyl-N-aryl-thioacetamiden 1 erhaltenen Ni(II)-Komplexe CS…Ni…OC-Koordination aufweisen, sind die Ni(II)-Komplexe der α-Diäthoxyphosphono-α-cyano-N-Aryl-thioacetamide 7 CS…Ni…OP-koordiniert. Die Umsetzung der Komplexe mit Basen führt zu Addukten, deren Struktur und thermischer Abbau untersucht werden.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 133
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 629-637 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Durch Umsetzung von MERRIFIELD-Harzen mit Benzoylchlorid/AlCl3 und anschließende LiAlH4-Reduktion lassen sich Benzhydrylharze mit variabler Konzentration an Ankergruppen herstellen. Ihre Veresterung mit Bpoc-AminosäurenAbkürzungen nach IUPAC-IUB-Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature; Biochemistry 6, 362 (1967); Hoppe-Seyler's Z. physiol. Chem. 348, 262 (1967); Biochem. J. 126, 773 (1972); ferner CHA = Cyclohexylamin, DCHA = Dicyclohexylamin, CDI = Carbonyldiimidazol, DCCI = Dicyclohexylcarbodiimid, Bpoc = 2-(p-Biphenylyl)-2-propyloxycarbonyl, Boc = t-Butyloxycarbonyl, Z = Benzyloxycarbonyl, (P) = polymerer Träger, TFA = Trifluoressigsäure. und CDI führt zu einer säurelabilen, für den Aufbau seitenkettengeschützter Fragmente geeigneten Bindung am Träger, gegenüber welcher sich Bpoc-Gruppen als N-Schutz differenziert abspalten lassen. Im Kupplungsschritt können an diesen Harzen Umsatzraten auftreten, die auf Grund sterischer Effekte im Vergleich zu Benzylharzen stark reduziert sind.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 134
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 667-678 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Über 3-substituierte Amino-5-oxo-dihydro-as-triazine und deren 6-Bromderivate wurden durch Kondensation mit Acylhydrazinen bzw. Hydraziniumcarboxylaten 6-Dialkylamino-8-oxo-dihydro-s-triazolo[3,4-f]as-triazine 8 dargestellt und diese in entsprechende 8-Thioxo-, 8-Methylmercapto- und 8-Amino-derivate 9, 10, 11 umgewandelt. Eine analoge Cyclisierung von 6-Acylhydrazino-3,5-dioxo-tetrahydro-as-triazinen 14 gelang nicht.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 135
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 684-692 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Aus Cyanthioacetamid und α-Halogenketonen entstehen nach Hantzsch Thiazolyl-(2)- acetonitrile 1, die eine hohe Methylenaktivität besitzen, wie präparativ am 4-Phenyl-thiazolyl-(2)-acetonitril gezeigt wird. Nach bekannten Methoden ist neben der Aldehydkondensation, Azokupplung und Acylierung auch die Darstellung der Thiazolylthiophene durch Umsetzung mit Schwefel und Ketonen bzw. Schwefelkohlenstoff oder Isothiocyanaten und α-Halogencarbonylen möglich. Mit Acetylaceton erhält man das Thiazolylpyridon. Die Reaktion mit Acetessigester, Oxalylchlorid sowie Chlorcarbonylsulfenylchlorid führt zu den 2,3-kondensierten Thiazolen.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 136
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 705-718 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Die in dieser Arbeit beschriebene p,ΔE-Methode zur Berechnung vicinaler H,H-Kopplungskonstanten Jij nähert experimentell gefundene Jij mit π-Bindungsordnungen pij von „Äthylenfragmenten“ und Orbitalelektronegativitätsüberschüssen ΔEk der beiden Nachbaratome dieser „Äthylenfragmente“ linear an, wobei pij und ΔEk mit der ω-HMO-Methode gewonnen werden. Die p,ΔE-Methode wird an einer Reihe substituierter „Äthylenfragmente“ (in mono- und disubstituierten Benzolen und in Merocyaninen verschiedener Kettenlänge) getestet. Sie gibt die für bestimmte tautomere Formen von 5-Amino-(1) bzw. 5-Hydroxy-pyrazolen (2), von 3-Amino-(3) bzw. 3-Hydroxy-pyrazolen (4) sowie von Δ4-Pyrazolinonen-(3) (6) charakteristisch abgestuften Jij-Werte richtig wieder.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 137
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 750-760 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Für 9 Poly-α-phenyl-xylylidene werden Absorptionsspektren, Temperaturabhängigkeit der elektrischen Dunkelleitfähigkeit, spektrale Verteilung der Photoleitfähigkeit und relative Größe des Photostromes gemessen und der Zusammenhang mit der chemischen Struktur und der Probenform (Film, Preßkörper) diskutiert. An Poly-p-α-phenyl-xylyliden und an dem entsprechenden methoxysubstituierten Polyxylyliden wird auch die Abhängigkeit des Photostromes von der Spannung sowie die Abhängigkeit des Photostromes und dessen Relaxationszeit von der Bestrahlungsstärke untersucht.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 138
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Mit der CNDO/2-Methode werden die Konformationsenergien äquatorialer und axialer Substituentenanordnung in Chlorcyclohexan, 4-Chlorthiacyclohexan, 4-Chlorthiacyclohexan-1,1-dioxid und 4-Chloroxacyclohexan berechnet und mit experimentellen Konformerengleichgewichten verglichen.Die berechneten Konformationsenergien liegen in der richtigen Größenordnung. Die Energieunterschiede einzelner Konformerenpaare werden nicht immer richtig berechnet, während die relative Stabilitätszunahme der axialen Formen befriedigend mit dem Experiment übereinstimmt.Die Güte der CNDO/2-Wellenfunktionen reicht nicht aus, um spezielle Terme aus der Energieaufteilungsanalyse für konformative Energiebetrachtungen heranzuziehen bzw. eindeutig durch ein klassisch-elektrostatisches Wechselwirkungsmodell zu interpretieren.Berechnete und experimentelle Dipolmomente stimmen gut überein.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 139
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 790-794 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Die Dichloride (1, 2), Methyl-(3,4) und Phenylesterchloride (5, 6) der Isopropyl- und Neopentylphosphonsäure wurden hergestellt und die Methylesterchloride 3, 4 und Dichloride 1, 2 jeweils mit CH3ONa/CH3OD bzw. CH3OH, die Phenylesterchloride 5, 6 und Dichloride 1, 2 mit Phenol in Tetrahydrofuran/NaOD bzw. NaOH umgesetzt. In allen Fällen wurden ausschließlich undeuterierte Diester erhalten.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 140
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 832-838 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Methan-bis-(phosphonsäure-diäthylester) reagiert mit Aldehyden in Gegenwart der äquimolaren Menge Kalium-tert.-butylat zu 2-substituierten Äthylen-1-phosphonsäure-diäthylestern in präparativem Maßstab. Durch Analyse der Signalfolge für die Vinylprotonen im 1H-NMR-Spektrum wird die trans-Konfiguration der isolierten Äthylen-phosphonsäure-ester sichergestellt. Für die Selektion cis- oder trans-Konfiguration der Reaktionsprodukte wird eine sterische Hinderung im Übergangszustand des zweiten Reaktionsschrittes als entscheidend angesehen.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 141
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 866-874 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 142
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974) 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 143
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Diallylterephthalat wurde ohne Lösungsmittel bei 80°C und mit Benzoylperoxid als Initiator polymerisiert. Es wird ein linearer Zusammenhang erhalten, wenn man VBr/[I]0,5 gegen die Wurzel aus der Initiatorkonzentration aufträgt. Die funktionelle Abhängigkeit wird aus dem Reaktionsmechanismus heraus auch kinetisch abgeleitet.Die Zerfallskonstante kd des Benzoylperoxides in Diallylterephthalat bei 80°C wurde nach der Methode der dead-end-Polymerisation bestimmt und aus der funktionellen Beziehung zwischen VBr/[I]0,5 und [I]0,5 berechnet. Die erhaltenen Werte für die Konstante stimmen gut überein.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 144
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 928-933 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Reactions of 1,3-cyclooctadiene with molybdenum oxy-tetrachloride and tungsten oxytetrachloride have been carried out and novel compounds (C8H11)2MoOCl2(1) and (C8H11)2 WOCl2 (2) isolated. Reactions of 1 and 2 with mono-, di-, and tri-hydroxy phenols have also been studied. IR-spectra and some other physical characteristics of these compounds are reported.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 145
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 963-969 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Cis/trans-3-Äthylidencyclohexen und cis/trans-1-[1-Methylpropen-(1)-yl]-cyclohexen bilden sich aus 4-Vinylcyclohexen und Äthylen mit dem Katalysatorsystem Bis-(tri-n-butylphosphin)-nickel(II)-chlorid und Aluminiumtriäthyl/Diäthylluminiumbromid. Verschiedene Nickelkatalysatoren isomerisieren und disproportionieren 4-Vinylcyclohexen zu den cis/trans-Gemischen des 3- und 4-Äthylidencyclohexens, 3- bzw. 4-Äthylcyclohexen und Äthylbenzol.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 146
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 1013-1029 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: In der Arbeit wird überprüft, ob ein Carbonyl-Additions-Mechanismus der Umamidierung von Harnstoffen existiert. Hierzu wird die Umamidierung von Mono-(arylmethyl)-harnstoffen mit Benzylaminen, von N,N′-Dimethylharnstoff mit Dibenzylamin bzw. N-Methylanilin, von Trimethylharnstoff mit Dibenzylamin und von Carbonyl-dipyrrol mit Benzylamin bzw. Piperidin in Tetralin kinetisch untersucht. Bei den Mono-(arylmethyl)-harnstoffen und bei N,N′-Dimethylharnstoff fallen die Geschwindigkeitskonstanten zweiter Ordnung mit steigender Aminkonzentration. Das steht mit einem Carbonyl-Additions-Mechanismus in Einklang, der außerdem durch HAMMETT-Auswertung gestützt wird. In Konkurrenz dazu bilden sich Harnstoff-Amin-Komplexe geringerer Reaktivität, die monomolekular über einen Isocyanat-Mechanismus bzw. bimolekular zu den gleichen Umamidierungsprodukten führen. Ähnlich verhalten sich Acetamid und Dimethylformamid, bei denen der Eliminierungsmechanismus nicht in Frage kommt. Trimethylharnstoff wird nach dem Isocyanat-Mechanismus umamidiert. Am Beispiel des Carbonyl-di-pyrrols wird gezeigt, daß tetrasubstituierte Harnstoffe prinzipiell nach einem Carbonyl-Additionsmechanismus umamidierbar sind; diese Reaktion unterliegt sehr starker sterischer Hinderung und ist deshalb nur in Sonderfällen realisierbar.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 147
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 1055-1055 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 148
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974) 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 149
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The urinary bladder of the bullfrog, Rana catesbiana has been studied by light and electron microscopy. Three epithelial cell types were found: (1) granular cells, (2) mitochondria-rich cells, and (3) basal cells. The structure of the Rana catesbiana bladder differs from that of the toad Bufo marinus, in several respects: it lacks a mucous (goblet) cell type, its granular cells do not contact the underlying basement membrane, it has specialized, smooth-muscle cell-basal epithelial cell contacts, not previously described in amphibian bladders, and its mucosa is richly innervated. Mitochondria-rich cells within the bullfrog bladder epithelium were occasionally observed touching the basement membrane. The specialized smooth muscle-basal cell contacts provide anatomical evidence for how regulatory vasoactive substances such as neurohypophyseal peptides might alter epithelial geometry. Many nerve endings invest the mucosa just beneath the epithelial basement membrane in proximity to mitochondriarich cells and basal cells. The possible role of neural regulation in epithelial transport was discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 150
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Postnatal maturation of nonmyelinated fiber bundles (Schwann bundles) was studied in the sciatic nerves of Snell's dwarf mice. The homozygous recessive of this strain has been previously shown to be characterized by multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies and secondary hypothyroidism.In the normal littermates a reduction occurred between 10 and 14 days in the number of fibers per fascicle, or subdivision, of each Schwann bundle, and by 26 days nearly all of the axons were separately embedded in cytoplasmic furrows of their associated Schwann cells. Only a few large fascicles were seen in normal sciatic nerve specimens at 26 and 50-53 days. In contrast, fiber bundle fascicles in the mutant nerves were still represented, even at 50-53 days, by numerous tightly-packed axons, as seen in the immature nerves at 10-12 days post-partum.On the basis of the dwarf's physiological background, these results suggest an involvement of the endocrine system during later stages of peripheral nerve maturation. The possible mechanisms affected by postnatal endocrine deficiency and thereby leading to delayed segregation of nonmyelinated fibers within Schwann bundles are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 151
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974), S. 139-143 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Hamsters injected at 0900 on day 1 of the cycle (metestrus) with either 0, 5 or 15 IU pregnant mare's serum (PMS) were killed at 1500 of days 1 to 4 of the cycle and the ovaries prepared for light microscopy and for a quantitative evaluation of follicular development. In the untreated cyclic hamster, the maximal number of preantral follicles with eight or more layers of granulosa cells occurred between the afternoon of day 4 (proestrus) and day 1, coinciding with the highest blood levels of FSH and LH. It is concluded that the elevated preovulatory levels of gonadotropins not only induce the ovulation of the mature antral follicles but at the same time recruit the next set of follicles for development during the new cycle.By the afternoon of day 1, treatment with either 5 or 15 IU PMS recruited more follicles into large preantral and incipient antral stages than in the untreated hamsters. However, by day 2 the pattern of follicular distribution was similar between the 5 IU PMS and untreated group whereas considerably more antral follicles had differentiated in the animals given 15 IU PMS. The ability of 15 IU PMS to elicit superovulation therefore depends on the levels being initially high enough to mature more follicles at critical stages of their development; the prolonged biological half life of PMS then sustains these follicles throughout the cycle.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 152
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974), S. 203-209 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: During the postnatal development of the submandibular gland, the stimulation of DNA synthesis and mitosis by a single injection of isoproterenol, measured as the percentage of labeled cells in radioautographs, was dependent on the age of the rat. The drug had no effect on the proliferative activity in two day old rats, but stimulated DNA synthesis in older (7-42 day old) animals. In general, the degree of stimulation was directly related to the proportion of acinar cells and inversely related to the proliferative activity in the gland of control rats. An analysis of various cell types revealed that the stimulation of DNA synthesis in the gland was essentially restricted to the acinar cells in rats older than 14 days of age. In seven day old rats, the acinar cells were not stimulated, but their precursors, the proacinar cells, the terminal tubule cells and the intercalated duct cells were stimulated to synthesize DNA by isoproterenol. This suggested that isoproterenol had an effect on the transformation of precursor cells to acinar cells.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 153
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Keratinization or mucification of the epithelium of the rat vagina is related to the hormonal state of the animal. During the normal cycle and after the administration of exogenous hormones (estrogen and progestin) to spayed animals, the surface characteristics and topography of the vaginal epithelium were studied with the scanning electron microscope. During estrus and under the influence of estrogen, the superficial cells were keratinized, overlap each other like shingles, and are continuously sloughed off. Like the surface of other keratinizing epithelia, theirs has a characteristic microridge pattern. In ovariectomized animals, the apical surface is covered with microvilli instead of microridges, and the cells resemble hexagonally shaped units, tightly bound instead of overlapping each other. At the boundary between the cells, a ridge demarcates the cells. The surface configurations of progestin-treated, progestin plus estrogen-treated, and diestrous animals are the same as in spayed animals.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 154
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974), S. 1-1 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 155
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974), S. 41-48 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: This report compares the arterial supply of the lumbo-sacral spinal cord in the monkey with that of man. The arterial supply to the lumbo-sacral cord of 100 monkeys (82 Rhesus and 18 Mangabey) was demonstrated by perfusion techniques. We tabulated the level and side of origin of the great anterior medullary artery. Previous authors have shown that in man the peak incidence of the great anterior medullary artery is at T-10. The peak incidence in the monkey is at L-1. There are other features of the arterial supply to the lumbo-sacral cord of the monkey that are different from man.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 156
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974), S. 83-101 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: An initial study of the effects of long-term ovariectomy on fimbrial and ampullar epithelia from rabbit oviducts has been made with the scanning electron microscope. Several of the rabbits were given estradiol benzoate before they were killed. These observations were compared with those of epithelial cells from similar oviductal segments from post-ovulatory rabbits that served as controls.Fimbriae from oviducts of control animals were densely ciliated, partially concealing the bulbous processes of the secretory cells. In the ampullae the processes of the secretory cells were the predominant structure, their bulbous apices rising frequently above the tips of the cilia.When rabbits had been spayed for 16-18 months, the epithelial cells of both fimbriae and ampullae showed a remarkable change. A few cilia in small clumps were scattered among the secretory cells. The free surface of the secretory cells had become flattened and hexagonal in shape. Their microvilli were short, and from the center of each cell a thick, stubby central cilium protruded.Estrogen given the long-term spayed rabbits caused almost complete reciliation as well as restoration of the bulbous processes of the secretory cells.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 157
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974), S. 127-137 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The morphogenesis of cerebellum has been studied in 6-19 day old chick embryos after a single injection of 0.05 mg of cyclophosphamide into the yolk sacs on the fifth day of incubation. Besides degeneration of Purkinje cells, rate of development was markedly retarded as evidenced by late appearance of the fissures and folia of the cerebellum. Purkinje cells remained disorganised up to 18 days of incubation, though in controls they were arranged in a single line by the fifteenth day. The thickness of the external granular layer increased and persisted for a longer period in the treated embryos. The cytoarchitecture returned to normal on nineteenth day of incubation, but the size of the cerebellum was significantly smaller than that of controls (P 〈 0.001). Such transient disorganisation of the morphogenetic events in the neural tube may lead to inadequate and defective induction of surrounding mesenchyme, thereby resulting in defective skull formation through which the brain can herniate, i.e., exencephaly as reported in our earlier studies after cyclophosphamide administration in chicks (Singh et al., '71; Singh and Gupta, '72) and rats (Singh et al., '72).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 158
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974), S. 187-201 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The postnatal differentiation of acini in the submandibular glands of 2-42 day old rats given 3H-thymidine was studied by using radioautographs prepared from Epon-embedded, PAS and iron hematoxylin stained sections. The changes in morphology, population size and proliferative activity of various cell types in the gland were analyzed. At two days of age, rudimentary secretory units, designated as terminal tubules, were located at the end of the duct system and consisted of three cell types: (1) terminal tubule cells (30.7%) with darkly-stained granules, (2) proacinar cells (23.6%) with large, lightly-stained granules, and (3) acinar cells (1.6%) with PAS-positive granules. The proacinar cells, which underwent mitosis, disappeared within the first two weeks of life. The terminal tubule cells increased in number between 2 and 14 days of age, but became less numerous thereafter and disappeared by six weeks. Concomitantly, the number of acinar cells increased linearly with age and at a much greater rate than that of intercalated duct cells. Yet the rate of proliferation of acinar cells was comparable to that of intercalated duct cells. The overall proliferative activity in the gland decreased with age, and was inversely correlated with the relative frequency of acinar cells in the gland. On the basis of above data, it is postulated that, during the formation of acini from terminal tubules, acinar cells have a dual origin: they arise from proacinar cells during the first one to two weeks and from terminal tubule cells between two and six weeks of age.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 159
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974), S. 623-630 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: It has often been reported that facial proportions remain constant throughout the fetal period. Such conclusions, however, have been based largely on the erroneous assumption that two dimensions are growing isometrically if one bears a statistically significant linear relation to the the other. In order to test the hypothesis that proportion is independent of time, sagittal histologic sections from 32 human fetuses (12-25 weeks) were analyzed cephalometrically. The linear regression on head length (HL) and the associated coefficient of correlation were calculated for each of a variety of craniofacial measures. In addition, all linear dimensions were transformed so that the size of the anterior cranial base was held constant throughout the series. It was assumed that if shape be constant, all Y-intercepts should be zero, and angular and transformed linear dimensions should show no statistically significant linear correlation with HL. These three criteria were met uniformly by facial and anterior cranial base dimensions, but not by measurements which involved the posterior cranial base. It is concluded, therefore, that in the sagittal plane the second trimester mandible, midface, and anterior cranial base grow isometrically, while the posterior cranial base becomes relatively smaller.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 160
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974) 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 161
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Light microscopy of semithin sections revealed an increase in blood vessel profiles between one and three weeks postnatal. Ultrastructurally, at birth, there were few patent vessels, but endothelial cells enclosing a slit-like lumen were numerous. The endothelial cells contained a high concentration of free ribosomes and pinocytotic vesicles. Pseudopod projections of the endothelial cells into the vascular lumen were often present. The nuclei were very irregular and dense with clumped chromatin. The basal lamina varied in thickness. During the period between one and three weeks the nuclei of endothelial cells became less dense; the lumen became patent and the endothelial wall progressively thinner. The periphery of the vessel became completely surrounded by glial end feet and the basal lamina was regular and prominent. By three weeks, most blood vessels resembled blood vessels observed in a mature animal. Pericytes were present at all stages of development. The extracellular space which was quite conspicuous at birth was greatly reduced by the third week.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 162
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Light microscopic studies using a battery of basic dye stains combined with sialidase and hyaluronidase digestions indicated that the extensive basophilia of the maternal surface of the placental syncytium largely results from the presence of a non-sulfated mucosubstance specifically identified as hyaluronic acid. Ultrastructural examination of dialyzed iron (DI) stained specimens revealed that DI-positive filaments observed along the syncytial surface were removed by hyaluronidase digestion. Staining with the lectins, Concanavalin A or lentil bean hemagglutinin produced an intense and periodic pattern of staining that was not enzyme labile. Incubation of tissue sections in the enzyme solutions or control buffers allowed the lectins to penetrate the syncytial plasma membrane and stain material within the endoplasmic reticulum presumed to be human chorionic gonadotropin. The maternal surface exhibited essentially no reactivity for acid phosphatase but showed strong alkaline phosphatase activity with a periodic staining pattern. With each of the techniques used there was variability in the intensity of staining in different regions along the maternal surface, suggesting that functionally different zones may be identified cytochemically. Only minor differences were observed in the cytochemical reactivity of early compared with term placenta.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 163
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Evidence for a direct neural projection from the retina to the hypothalamus in the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) is presented. In 25 blinded animals degeneration was followed in sections prepared according to the Wiitanen ('69) silver impregnation method. Degenerative axons were found in the optic tract, chiasm, and nerve, terminating in the lateral geniculate body and superior colliculus. A large collateral bundle of degenerating axons was observed curving medially and dorsally to enter the hypothalamus at the level of the mamillary body. This bundle turned diffusely rostrally and terminated on neurons in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus.It is proposed that two alternate pathways exist for the effect of photoperiodicity on the reproductive cycle in the hamster, one involving the pineal gland directly and the hypothalamus indirectly, and the other a direct retino-hypothalamic projection.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 164
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 179 (1974) 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 165
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 179 (1974), S. 147-161 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The organization of the sensory innervation of Golgi tendon organs (GTO) from E. carpi ulnaris of the cat is described. The large Ib afferent fiber gives rise to small myelinated branches which become oriented longitudinally in a neural compartment of the GTO capsule lumen. The latter give rise to smaller, unmyelinated branches which further arborize among loosely packed collagen bundles. The unmyelinated fibers form numerous varicosities and small terminal branches which have portions of the axolemma covered only by basal lamina which intervenes between the collagen bundles and the axolemma. In places, the axon's surface may lack all investments and nerve and collagen come into intimate association. The large unmyelinated branches and their varicosities have different axoplasmic characteristics compared with the small unmyelinated terminal portions. The latter contain few or no mitochondria, vesicles, neurotubules, and neurofilaments. In addition to the description of the terminals, the similarities and differences of the innervation of the GTO, compared with other mechanoreceptors, are discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 166
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The vaginal epithelium of the normal estrous mouse shows narrow intercellular spaces, many cytoplasmic fibrils and a continuous basal lamina. At 100 days of age, the vaginal epithelium of mice which had received 5 or 20 μg estradiol-17β, 20 μg ovine prolactin, or 5 μg estradiol-17β + 20 μg prolactin within the first few days of postnatal life, shows wider intercellular spaces in the middle epithelial layers than occur in normal estrous mice. In addition, the mice receiving 20 μg estradiol-17β show prominent intercellular spaces in the basal cell layer and interruptions in the basal lamina, which permit penetration of cytoplasmic processes into the subjacent connective tissue. The relevance of these findings to vaginal carcinogenesis is considered.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 167
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 179 (1974) 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 168
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: A study of the uptake of exogenous proteins, peroxidase, ferritin, and myoglobin by rabbit blastomeres of different developmental stages was undertaken to determine some of the means by which these stages ingest protein. Exposure of embryos in preimplantation stages, ranging from fertilized ovum to late blastocyst, was carried out in vitro with selected in vivo controls. Blastomeres of early cleavage stages up to the morula show little uptake of peroxidase. However, the endocytosis of peroxidase greatly increases with the morula stages and continues at an elevated level through the blastocyst stages. The uptake of the tracer is initially accomplished via micropinocytotic vesicles and tubules and can have several subsequent fates. The tracer can pass into larger vacuoles and be transported into the cavity of the blastocyst, or can pass into multivesicular bodies where it is presumably degraded by the lysosomal system for cellular use. The use of myoglobin at selected blastocyst stages yielded results similar to those obtained with peroxidase. However, the response by the blastomeres to ferritin is different. Endocytosis of ferritin is scant at all preimplantation stages, even though the ferritin has no difficulty reaching the surface of the blastomeres. The experiment with mechanically denuded blastocysts indicated that ferritin did not adsorb to the cell surface.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 169
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 180 (1974) 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 170
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 180 (1974), S. 281-283 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Using bipolar fine-wire electrodes, we investigated the function of the pectineus muscle. Electromyography revealed that the main function of pectineus muscle is flexion, adduction and medial (not lateral) rotation of the hip joint. These functions suggest that the spasm of this muscle may be important in the cause of deformities in cerebral palsy.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 171
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Guinea pig visceral yolk sac endoderm cells are known to absorb proteins from the uterine lumen by the process of pinocytosis. Since previous studies have shown that the first step in protein absorption is the binding of the protein to an extracellular material on the surface of pinocytotic invaginations, it was thought that the surface coat might possess receptor sites for molecules which are subsequently absorbed. This study investigates the nature of the surface coat of the endoderm cells using ruthenium red, alcian blue/cetylpyridynium chloride-lanthanum and concanavalin A-peroxidase procedures. Results using these methods showed the presence of a surface coat on both the microvilli and pinocytotic invaginations. The coat on the pinocytotic invaginations was thicker than that on the microvilli. Concanavalin A receptor sites were separated from one another on the cell surface. Since only those pinocytotic invaginations which were open to the surface at the time of fixation would be “stained” by these methods, the procedures also show that the numerous tubules and vesicles in the apical cytoplasm do not all form an intercommunicating labyrinth open to the surface, even though most of them are part of a related functional system. The results indicate that the surface coat contains mucopolysaccharide components. In addition, concanavalin A receptor sites are present which are probably oligosaccharides associated with a glycoprotein component of the apical cell membrane.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 172
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 180 (1974), S. 331-339 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The microscopic anatomy of the accessory glands of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) and thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Citellus tridecemlineatus) have been studied. In addition, the glands of a 5 cm fetal prairie dog have been described. Adult and fetal prairie dogs and adult ground squirrels have so-called seminal vesicles folded dorsally over the dorsal prostate with ducts leading directly to the urethra lateral to, but in the region of, the entrance of both the dorsal prostatic ducts and the deferent ducts. Histological studies of the seminal vesicles of both prairie dogs and ground squirrels showed that they were tubuloalveolar glands and were similar in structure to the dorsal prostates of each species. The fructose concentrations of the dorsal prostate and seminal vesicles of out-of-season prairie dogs were similar, and both glands accumulated fructose with the onset of the breeding season or with injection of testosterone propionate but the seminal vesicles accumulated more fructose than the prostate. On the basis of histological structure, anatomical relationships, accumulation of fructose and possible function as a coagulating gland it is proposed that the proper name for the so-called seminal vesicles in these species is craniodorsal prostate.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 173
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 180 (1974) 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 174
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Adrenal glands of the domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos) were fixed in formaldehyde-glutaraldehyde for light and electron microscopical examination. Each gland is encapsulated by a layer of connective tissue and consists of two major secretory cell types, the interrenal cells and the medullary cells. In section, the medullary cells appear as islands of tissue dispersed throughout the gland. The interrenal cells are characterized by numerous lipid droplets and abundant mitochondria having mainly tubular cristae. They have an extensive Golgi apparatus, moderate amounts of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and a lesser amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum. Lipid droplets and mitochondria in interrenal cells were seen frequently in association with the endoplasmic reticulum. Adjacent interrenal cells had numerous regions of pentalaminar fusion and intermediate junctions.Medullary cells were characterized by a large population of electron opaque neurosecretory granules. These cells contained fewer mitochondria and cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum than the interrenal cells. In many cases the medullary cells and interrenal cells were closely juxtaposed and were separated by a thin band of extracellular matrix.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 175
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Proteins, including enzymes such as acid phosphatase, are among a variety of substances secreted into semen by the prostate gland. The formation, intracellular transport, and discharge of protein components of prostatic secretion were studied in the rat ventral prostate following an injection of leucine-3H. Samples were prepared for light and electron microscope radioautography at intervals ranging from four minutes to two hours after the injection. In samples prepared four or ten minutes after administration of the precursor, most of the silver grains overlay the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Beginning 30 minutes after the injection, while label associated with the endoplasmic reticulum was declining, the proportion of grains over the Golgi apparatus began to increase, reaching a maximum in one-hour samples. Secretory vacuoles at the apical ends of the cells became heavily labeled two hours after administration of the leucine-3H. Labeling of secretions in the lumen of the prostatic alveoli was observed in samples taken two hours after the injection. These results indicate that secretory proteins in the prostate are synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, transported to the Golgi apparatus, and packaged into secretory vacuoles, which move to the apical ends of the cells and release their contents to the lumen. Additional analysis of the pattern of labeling of different elements of the Golgi apparatus suggests that some protein is transported sequentially from Golgi vesicles to stacks of cisternae and finally into Golgi vacuoles. Radioactive secretory proteins move through prostatic cells more slowly than through the seminal vesicle epithelium of the same animals. The main mode of protein secretion in the prostate appears to be a merocrine type, since apical protrusions such as have been suggested to participate in an apocrine form of secretion were observed infrequently and did not become heavily labeled.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 176
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 180 (1974), S. 481-490 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: RivanolR, a fluorescent ethoxy derivative of acridine, interacts at different pH's with both glycosaminoglycans and proteins. The present study utilizes the specific interaction of RivanolR with acidic substances of the ground substance for histochemical studies of the cartilage matrix. This stain was applied to newborn mouse epiphyseal cartilages which were either unextracted or dissociatively extracted by graded concentrations of guanidinium chloride (GuHCl) from 0.5-3.0 M for four days at 25°C. Routinely prepared sections were then stained (0.1% solution) for two minutes at pH's ranging from 2.2-11.2. Stainability of the interterritorial matrix as well as the inner halo zone and outer corona zone of the lacunar matrix varied with pH. Whereas the interterritorial matrix decreased in stainability with rising pH, the halo and corona persisted in stainability up to pH 10.7. Dissociative extractions using GuHCl revealed the unextractable nature of the inner halo zone as well as the extractable nature of the corona above 1.0 M GuHCl concentration. Anionic sites on polyelectrolytes such as glycosaminoglycans are known to stoichiometrically bind many cationic dyes. The precise localization of stain-reactive glycosaminoglycans or proteoglycans in the region of the perichondrocytic matrix by RivanolR supports prior observations using other cationic stains. Our data demonstrates that RivanolR enables one to visualize the unique perichondrocytic matrix which may be interpreted to be both chemically and morphologically a “matrix within a matrix”.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 177
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Cationized ferritin was used to analyze the surface charges on the luminal epithelial cell membranes of urinary bladders from toad (Bufo marinus), bullfrog (Rana catesbiana), turtle (Pseudemys scripta and Clemmys caspica), and tortoise (Geochelone carbonaria and Testudo graeca). The labeling, done at a physiological pH on fixed or unfixed bladders, revealed differences in the distribution and density of negative charges along the luminal membrane surfaces. The epithelial surface of toad bladder did not label with cationized ferritin. Frog bladder labeled lightly and the labeling pattern varied between cell types. The epithelial membrane surfaces of reptile bladders were heavily labeled, in contrast to amphibian bladders. Luminal surfaces from fresh water turtles were not as heavily labeled as those from land tortoises. The degree of labeling varied from cell type to cell type in all reptile bladders except Pseudemys scripta. An analysis of the degree and pattern of labeling by cationized ferritin in bladders of all species studied might reflect a difference in the nature of the glycocalyx of a particular membrane, the presence or absence of negative surface charges or their availability (i.e., interference by mucus), and/or the nature of the chemical groups comprising the surface structure of the membrane.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 178
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 180 (1974) 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 179
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 180 (1974), S. 547-550 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Ependyma from random sites of lateral, third and fourth ventricles including the aqueduct in five adult human brains was examined by transmission electron microscopy. In all the specimens studied, cilia were present in variable numbers in the ependymal cells. Our study thus establishes that there is widespread presence of cilia in the ependymal cells of the ventricular system in the adult human brain.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 180
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 180 (1974), S. 605-615 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: In frozen sections and whole mount preparations of the normal soleus, diaphragm, or intercostal muscles of the rat, myoneural junctions of different AChE and silver staining intensities were regularly observed. Muscle fibers of different diameters showed end-plates of varying staining intensities. No correlation was found between a certain staining intensity and diameter of the end-plates or between muscle fiber diameters and the ratio of pale to strongly stained end-plates. There was, however, a tendency for the smaller muscle fibers to have end-plates of smaller mean diameter than those in the larger muscle fibers.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 181
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The effects of trypsin, chymotrypsin, papain, pronase, cartilage protease and hyaluronidase on the staining of fresh epiphyseal cartilage in 0.01% toluidine blue at pH 4 was studied. Treatment with these enzymes resulted in a loss of the β- and γ-metachromatic granules in the cells, and an intensification of the staining in the matrix of the lower hypertrophic zone. Treatment with collagenase also resulted in a loss of the β- and γ-metachromatic granules, but did not appreciably intensify the staining of the matrix. Carboxypeptidase A, ribonuclease and bovine serum albumin, globulins, and globin had little or no effect.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 182
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 180 (1974), S. 47-52 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Three groups of mice were standardized to a light-dark cycle with light from 0600 to 1800. One group was fed ad lib; but the other two had access to food for only four hours a day, one during the first part of the light phase and the other beginning at its middle. Two other groups were subjected to a reversed light-dark cycle (light from 1800 to 0600); one of these had access to food for four hours during the first part of the dark phase and the other for four hours beginning at its middle. All the mice previously had been adjusted gradually over a three-week period to these feeding schedules, and then they were maintained on the precise routine described for an additional two weeks. After standardization was completed, subgroups of mice were killed at three-hour intervals over a single 24-hour period. Corneas were removed and prepared, and the mitotic index in the epithelium was evaluated.In all five groups a high-amplitude circadian rhythm was found for the mitotic index, but in all cases this rhythm remained synchronized to the light-dark cycle; only small changes in the phasing of the rhythm resulted from the restricted feeding. These results are contrary to what has been found for a number of other rhythmic variables which do synchronize to such feeding schedules.The findings dispel the misconception that all body functions react in the same fashion to different synchronizors and emphasize that one must not generalize about the effects of feeding or lighting.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 183
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The fine structure of the group IA sensory nerve endings from normal human muscle spindles was studied in transverse and longitudinal sections. Two arrangements of microfilaments, approximately 75 Å in diameter, were found in each of ten spindles examined. The first was a central aggregate of densely packed filaments. The aggregates were partly surrounded by mitochondria, and were oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sensory ending as it encircled the intrafusal muscle fiber. Individual aggregate filaments of glycerinated endings appeared to react with heavy meromyosin. The second arrangement was a filamentous network in the periphery of the sensory ending profiles. These microfilaments approached and appeared to merge with the surface membrane. They resembled the microfilaments that others have described in growth cones of cultured neurons. Both types of microfilaments are thought to be involved in changing the shape of the sensory endings during stretch and relaxation of the spindle.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 184
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974), S. 49-61 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The chloride cells of the lamprey, Lampetra japonica, have been studied by electron microscopy. The most characteristic feature of the chloride cells in lamprey is that the cytoplasm is filled with a large number of mitochondria and numerous agranular cytoplasmic tubules arranged as bundles or as branched reticular networks. These tubules are frequently continuous with the plasma membrane. They are also characterized by a coating on the cisternal surfaces with a dense material which appears ridge-like at high magnification. These ridges are oriented spirally along the cisternal surface of the tubule. They are regularly spaced at an interval of about 160 Å and have a pitch of about 45°. The functional significance of the cisternal coat is unknown. Sometimes, intracisternal tubules are observed to be contained within the lumina of the agranular cytoplasmic tubules. These intracisternal tubules are considered to be formed by an intracisternal deflection of only one leaflet of the unit membrane of the agranular cytoplasmic tubules. Membrane fusion is observed to occur between closely associated agranular cytoplasmic tubules.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 185
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974), S. 119-125 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The effects of blinding on cellular structure and porphyrin pigment content were studied in Harderian glands of pinealectomized and non-pinealectomized adult female golden hamsters. Uterine weights were used as a criterion for pineal activity. Five weeks post-operatively, no significant changes were observed in the Harderian glands or in the uterine weights of animals in either group. Eleven weeks post-operatively, the blinded hamsters with intact pineal glands had significantly lowered uterine weights and Harderian glands that exhibited diminished amounts of porphyrin pigments and cellular characteristics of the male hamster. Harderian glands and reproductive organs from the 11-week blinded-pinealectomized hamsters did not differ from those of untreated controls.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 186
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974), S. 145-167 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The use of potassium pyroantimonate-osmium tetroxide as a combined fixative and cation-capture agent has permitted the observation of finestructural changes in cation distribution in rat parotid acinar cells following administration of isoproterenol (IPR). During the secretory phase of the response, there is a diminution of antimonate-precipitable cation in the cytoplasm combined with an increase along the plasma membrane and on secretory channels. At four hours after IPR, cytoplasmic precipitates return but deposits disappear along the membrane. Membrane deposits return slowly at later times after the stimulus. Decreased antimonate-precipitable cation was observed in nuclear heterochromatin between 4 and 20 hours after IPR. This may be related to the induction of cell replication by the drug. During the DNA synthetic phase of the response to IPR, an unusual patchy osmiophobia was observed in nuclei. Mitotic chromosomes contained heavy antimonate deposits. Some of the early changes in cation distribution observed after isoproterenol administration mimicked changes seen in damaged cells.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 187
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: A parental (CBAT6T6) lymph node cell suspension was injected into the hind footpad of F1 (CBA × C57BLKs) recipients. The resulting increase in the recipient's popliteal lymph node weight was linearly related on double log plots to the number of parental lymph node cells injected. The node weight response was biphasic including an initial rise, a maximum weight gain at seven to nine days and a gradual decline to normal weight. When the long-lived small lymphocyte population of the donor was labeled with 3H-thymidine, the location, morphology and mitotic activity of labeled cells was followed by radioautography. These cells were most frequently observed in the mid- and deep cortex and the medullary cords of the host node. Very few labeled blast cells were observed in sections or smears and radioautographs of chromosome spreads confirmed the infrequency of donor long-lived small lymphocyte transformation and proliferation. Of the proliferating cells in the host node at the peak of the response, 60-85% were of host origin. These observations and others are discussed, and it is proposed that the host short-lived small lymphocyte accounts for the majority of mitotic cells in the node at the peak of the response.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 188
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Whole-body autoradiograms were prepared from intact and hypophysectomized (Hypox) rats after receiving 125I-HGH iv. In addition, some hypox rats received unlabeled HGH or ACTH six minutes before receiving the 125I-HGH. Hypox rats had greater concentrations of radioactive material in the renal cortex, adrenal cortex, liver and submandibular gland than was present in blood. Pretreatment with ACTH increased the radioactive material in the inner zones of the adrenal cortex; liver and renal cortex contained more radioactive material than blood; and the submandibular gland contained an amount equal to that in blood. Pretreatment with unlabeled HGH greatly suppressed uptake of radioactivity in liver and adrenal cortex and slightly increased the uptake in the renal cortex. Radioactivity could not be detected in the renal medulla or urine of any of the rats. No concentration of radioactive material greater than that seen in blood was present in any other organ or tissue in any of the groups. In the intact rats, the kidney and the adrenal cortex had the greatest concentrations of radioactivity, while the concentration in the liver was equal to that in blood. Autoradiograms were also prepared from sections from untreated hypox rats that were dipped in 125I-HGH solutions. These confirmed the presence of binding sites in the adrenal cortex and liver for 125I-HGH. No binding of radioactive material was seen in the kidney.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 189
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The course of reinnervation and the effects of denervation and immobilization on muscle development were examined during the regeneration of minced muscle in anurans. Reinnervation occurs in the second week, at the time of myotube formation and differentiation. At the end of thirty days, nerves are plentiful and extensively distributed within the regenerating muscle. Cholinesterase activity within the regenerated muscle cannot be demonstrated at this time. Denervated regenerates develop normally during the first two weeks, but, thereafter, the young muscle fibers exhibit signs of degeneration and retarded growth. Denervated regenerates become fibrotic and contain few muscle fibers at the end of four weeks. Regenerates from muscles denervated prior to mincing show an accelerated appearance of presumptive myoblasts in the first week, but despite this precocious development, these denervated regenerates become regressive. On the other hand, the effect of disuse on muscle regeneration is not detrimental; the fibers of reinnervated but immobilized regenerates develop normally and do not become degenerative. These results suggest that nerves are unnecessary for the early myogenic processes of proliferation and fusion, but are essential to later stages of growth, maturation and maintenance of the regenerated muscle fibers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 190
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Each of the major coronary arteries of 25 fresh sheep hearts was injected with a different colored barium gelatin mass. Histologic sections were made of the AV node and His bundle in nine hearts. The blood supply to this region was traced radiographically, photographically and histologically. X-rays of the upper ventricular septum were taken before and after coronary injection to demonstrate an os cordis.The sinus node is always supplied by a branch of the right coronary artery. The crux of the heart, and subsequently the AV node, is always supplied by the circumflex artery. The unbranched His bundle, unusually long in sheep, receives a dual blood supply from both the anterior septal branches and the AV node artery. The proximal part of the left and right bundle branches is supplied by the anterior septal branches in the majority of hearts. Intercoronary anastomoses are present in the majority of hearts, particularly in the upper ventricular septum.An os cordis, deep in the atrial septum and directly adjacent to the AV node, was found in all 25 hearts. Occasionally, a second bone was found in the anterior part of the left atrioventricular ring.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 191
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 179 (1974), S. 273-284 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Extensive subsurface cisterns were commonly found beneath the apposed plasmalemmas of adjoining hepatocytes in young and adult mice. The cisterns were of two types: (1) flat cisterns, often with ribosomes on their deep surface, and (2) flattened, highly fenestrated smooth surfaced saccules, some of which were in continuity with smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Despite their frequent occurrence, the subsurface cisterns were always absent from the regions of gap or tight junctions, as well as from the periphery of bile canaliculi and cell surfaces bordering the space of Disse. The function of these cisterns remains undetermined.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 192
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 179 (1974), S. 303-309 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Between the 16th to the 20th day of gestation, the mucosa of the colon of fetal rats changes from a simple tube with a tiny lumen lined by stratified epithelium to a much more complex structure with a large lumen and well-developed crypts lined by a single layer of columnar epithelium. Autoradiographic studies with 3H-thymidine show that cell proliferation is present throughout the stratified epithelium but becomes confined to the lower half of colonic crypts immediately on their formation. The number of epithelial cells shown to be proliferating after exposure to a single pulse of 3H-thymidine is high during this period of organogenesis but decreases rapidly after the 20th day of gestation once the adult mucosal pattern has formed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 193
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Phagocytosis of supernumerary spermatozoa contained within the perivitelline space was observed in 7 of 28 two-cell mouse embryos cultured for 45 hours post-insemination (approximately 20-24 hours after cleavage). The spermatozoa were incarcerated as a result of elevations of the blastomere cytoplasm which gradually surrounded the sperm, overlapped and fused, thus forming a typical phagocytic vacuole. Phagocytosis was not observed in two-cell embryos cultured for less than 20-24 hours after cleavage; this indicates that the blastomeres of two-cell mouse embryos in vitro require approximately 24 hours to develop one of the characteristics of somatic cells, i.e., the ability to recognize and phagocytize foreign material.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 194
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974), S. 63-81 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The I segment length has been measured and the number of thin filament periods per I segment has been counted in electron micrographs of Rhesus monkey and human leg muscle fibers. The number of I segment periods in the monkey fiber (60) and in the human fiber (66) multiplied by axial periodicity (385 Å) in thin filaments of living fibers (Huxley and BROWN, '67) plus 1,000 Å allowed for Z line width in living fibers, provided a formula for calculation of I segment lengths in living fibers. The calculated I segment lengths are 2.41 μ for the monkey and 2.64 μ for the human fiber. The ratio of calculated I segment length over an assumed constant thick filament length (1.6 μ) among vertebrates is in close agreement with the ratio of measured I segment length over measured thick filament length in micrographs of frog, rat, monkey and human leg muscle fibers. The calculated I segment length in the frog (1.95 μ) is compared with that of the human (2.64 μ) to show the relation of I segment length to the length-developed tension diagram and to the series elastic components of the skeletal muscle fiber.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 195
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974) 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 196
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974), S. 599-615 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The intercalated discs of the myocardium from the active and hibernating bat hearts were investigated by means of electron microscopy and use of lanthanum and horseradish peroxidase as tracers. The discs are composed of four zones: intermediate junctions, desmosomes, nexuses, and undifferentiated areas. Of particular interest are the two different types of nexuses. Nexus I without lanthanum displays a 150 Å overall width and an apparent 80 Å intercellular space, ranges from 0.5 to 4.0 μ in length, and is seen in the longitudinal segments of the intercalated disc. With application of lanthanum, however, nexus I shows that the tracer has penetrated a 20 Å gap junction and resembles nexus II. Nexus II with and without lanthanum has a 200 Å overall width and a gap junction of about 20 Å, is generally less than 0.3 μ in length, and is found on the transverse or oblique segment of the intercalated disc. Both nexuses I and II seem to block the passage of peroxidase. The plasma membranes of nexus I may have a different molecular organization from those in nexus II as reflected by their contrasting response to fixation and/or staining. Combinations of the various junctions show that the zones of adhesions (intermediate junctions and desmosomes) are adjacent to the regions of possible lowered resistance (nexus I and II). These findings suggest that adhesion sites insure the proper connection and functioning of the nexuses and support the electrical observations that the heart forms a “physiological syncytium”.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 197
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The influence of different estrogen-progesterone ratios on DNA synthesis in the rat uterus was investigated. Ovariectomized rats were injected subcutaneously daily for three days with either oil, 1 μg estradiol-17β dipropionate or estradiol and 1, 5, 10 or 15 mg progesterone. Tritiated thymidine was administered one hour prior to necropsy. Thymidine indices were determine for both the luminal and glandular uterine epithelia while the total number of labeled nuclei in the stroma was ascertained. In all tissues studied, significantly more nuclei from uteri of rats given only estrogen replicated DNA than from those of the oil-treated controls. While concurrent treatment with estradiol and 1 or 15 mg progesterone did not statistically alter the extent of thymidine incorporation in the luminal epithelium and stroma from that observed following estrogen alone, 5 or 10 mg progesterone given with estrogen significantly suppressed the labeling activity in the luminal epithelium and stroma from that of the estrogen-treated rats. However, the thymidine indices of the glandular epithelium from uteri of rats injected with all combinations of both hormones were significantly lower than that from uteri of estrogen-treated rats. These data indicate that the estrogen-progesterone ratio is important in regulating cell turnover in the luminal epithelium and stroma of the rat uterus but not in glandular epithelium.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 198
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974), S. 657-665 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The ultrastructure of ependymal cells of the median eminence in young Pacific blacktip reef sharks is described. Three major cell types have been observed. The first type is an irregularly-shaped, electron dense cell with many long microvilli and occasional cilia projecting into the ventricle. A second type contains dense cytoplasmic granules in sizes ranging from 1000-2000 Å, and may be morphologically equivalent to “liquor-contacting neurons” observed in ependymal linings elsewhere. The third type appears very similar to crown cells of saccus vasculosus of this and other species. Cells of the third type possess large, lipid-like inclusions, bulbous projections originating from basal bodies, and prominent smooth endoplasmic reticulum. The crown-like cells are compared to cells of saccus vasculosus of young and adult sharks, and their possible significance is discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 199
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Following treatment with propylthiouracil, most chondrocytes in the reserve and upper proliferation zones in the tibial epiphyseal plate exhibit degenerate ultrastructural morphology. In the extracellular matrix, sulfated mucopolysaccharide is reduced, matrix vesicles are increased both in number and in size, apatite crystals are present in all zones, and mineralization is enhanced.In post-treatment recovery, chondrocyte degeneration decreases; however, the extracellular matrix is considerably delayed in returning to conditions comparable to those in corresponding controls and this is indicated by the continued presence of apatite crystals in abnormal locations.Chondrocyte degeneration, sulfated mucopolysaccharide, and matrix vesicles, are discussed as they relate to the mineralization process.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 200
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974), S. 759-767 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Lactic dehydrogenase activity was studied in hair follicles from both the bald and hairy regions of the scalp of the stump-tailed macaque by the application of the method of Lineweaver-Burk to the histochemistry. There was no difference between terminal and vellus follicles in total lactic dehydrogenase activity. During anagen, the activity was higher in the lower part of the external sheath and was similar to that in the bulbar sac. The activity of the heart-type lactic dehydrogenase (H-LDH) was high in the matrix, whereas that of the muscle-type lactic dehydrogenase (M-LDH) was high in the external sheath of the lower and upper bulb portions. The activity of M-LDH in the matrix of terminal hair follicles was extremely low compared with that in vellus follicles. In telogen, however, there was no difference between the two types of follicles.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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