Library

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • 1975-1979  (745)
  • 1920-1924
  • Ultrastructure  (563)
  • pharmacokinetics
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 384 (1979), S. 93-102 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Primary aldosteronism ; Adrenal adenomata ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Adenomata taken from 25 patients with primary aldosteronism were observed by electron microscopy. The cells in the adenoma had a well developed agranular endoplasmic reticulum but granular endoplasmic reticulum was not prominent. Most of the mitochondria resembled those in the cells of the zona glomerulosa, suggesting that the adenomata which caused primary aldosteronism are derived from this zone. Spironolactone bodies were found in the cells of the adenoma from a patient who received spironolactone. Their appearance was identical to that descrived in previous reports.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 225 (1979), S. 57-65 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: NZB/NZW-Maus ; Ultrastruktur ; Submandibulare Speicheldrüse ; Lymphocyten ; Autoimmunes Leiden ; NZB/NZW mouse ; Ultrastructure ; Submandibular gland ; Lymphocytes ; Autoimmune disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary An electron microscopic study of the submandibular salivary gland lesion occurring in the NZB/NZW F1 hybrid mice was performed, and the findings were discussed and correlated to the autoimmune salivary gland disease observed in patients with Sjögren's syndrome. Within the submandibular salivary gland of this mouse strain focal infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells were observed. Lymphoid cells were observed inside the basal lamina of acini and ducts, leading to destruction of these glandular units. The typical duct cell proliferation found in the autoimmune sialoadenitis of Sjögren's syndrome with the formation of the typical epimyoepithelial islands was not found in the submandibular glands of NZB/NZW mice.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Eine elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchung der bei den NZB/NZW F1 hybriden Mäusen vorkommenden Veränderungen in den submandibularen Speicheldrüsen wurde durchgeführt, und die Befunde wurden diskutiert und korreliert mit dem autoimmunen Speicheldrüsenleiden, das bei Patienten mit Sjögrens-Syndrom beobachtet wird. In der submandibularen Speicheldrüse dieses Mäusestammes wurden begrenzte Infiltrationen mononuklearer inflammatorischer Zellen beobachtet. Die mononuklearen Zellen wurden hauptsächlich als lymphoide Zellen identifiziert. Außerdem wurden innerhalb der Lamina basilaris von Drüsen und Drüsengängen lymphoide Zellen beobachtet, die zur Zerstörung dieser Drüseneinheiten führen. Darüber hinaus wurde der typische Zuwachs der Drüsengangszellen, der bei der autoimmunen Speicheldrüsenentzündung des Sjögrens-Syndroms vorkommt und die Form von typischen epimyoepithelialen Inseln annimmt, in den submandibularen Drüsen der NZB/NZW-Mäuse nicht vorgefunden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 224 (1979), S. 31-35 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Intracellular potentials ; Ultrastructure ; Hair cells ; Labyrinth receptors ; Reptilia (Crocodilia, Gekkonidae)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Different biopotentials, following a mechanical stimulus, were recorded from single hair cells of the reptilian labyrinth, with electronoptically circumscript localizations: 1. From the apical cell pole, the receptor potential, intracellular or from the ciliary surface, within the physiological range proportional to stimulus amplitude, frequency or phase, without delay, and with no real threshold of mechanosensitivity, as measured by ciliary displacement amplitude or velocity. 2. From the synaptic zone, in the basal region of the hair cell, or from contacting nerve endings, the synaptic potentials, local excitatory or inhibitory processes, respectively, with measurable latencies and with non-linear distortion. 3. From the (dendritic) endings of the first afferent neuron (or neurons), spike-shaped action potentials, synchronized by the (excitatory) synaptic potentials. Characteristic curves were plotted as a quantitative representation of the mechano-electric input-output relations of the different types of hair cells. For proceeding morphological and physiological system analysis, the comparison of the different submammalian inner-ear receptor systems gives us some new possibilities of a closer correlation between ultrastructure and function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone resorption ; Osteogenesis ; Fish bone ; Osteocytes ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The comparative ultrastructure of fish bone osteogenesis and resorption induced by scale removal was described in the osteocytic (cellular-boned)Carassius auratus and the anosteocytic (acellular-boned)Tilapia macrocephala. Osteocytes, present in osteocytic bone, were lacking in anosteocytic bone. In osteocytic bone the osteoblast secreted a collagenous preosseous matrix in which it became enmeshed and then was termed a preosteocyte. When the preosseous matrix mineralized, the preosteocyte was termed an osteocyte and was completely surrounded by bone. In anosteocytic bone the osteoblasts receded from the mineralizing front and never became trapped as osteocytes. During resorption, types A and B resorptive cells, present in both bone types, invaded the matrix and demineralized the osseous zone. These cells were characterized by large amounts of granular endoplasmic reticulum and intracellular inclusions containing crystal-like material. Although functionally similar to mammalian osteoclasts, these cells lacked a characteristic ruffled border and were not multinucleated. The osteocytes of cellular bone did not appear to be involved during demineralization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 35 (1979), S. 249-267 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Abducens nucleus (cat) ; Peroxidase ; Neurones ; Synapses ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Light and electron microscope studies of the abducens nucleus in the cat have disclosed two populations of neurones: large neurones 25 to 75 μm in diameter and small neurones 10 to 25 μm in diameter. Characteristic of the large neurones are a highly developed granular endoplasmic reticulum and a large number of axo-somatic synapses. The small neurones have a poorly developed granular endoplasmic reticulum and comparative by few axo-somatic synapses. Injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into the ipsilateral lateral rectus muscle has been used to identify abducens motoneurones which represent 65% of the total number of cells in the abducens nucleus and form part of the large cell population. The remaining unlabelled large neurones (30% of the large cell population) probably represent motoneurones of the retractor bulbi muscles, abducens motoneurones which have failed to transport the HRP, and possibly internuclear neurones. The small neurones (5% of the total cell population) were never labelled by HRP. Axo-somatic and axo-dendritic synapses are numerous. Many of the synaptic terminals form contacts with two or more different postsynaptic elements. Axo-axonic synapses and synapses on the initial segments of large neurones are also present. Nodal synapses and branching of myelinated axons are common findings. Finally, extended areas of close apposition between dendritic membranes are frequently observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Rat ; Hypoglossal nucleus ; Ultrastructure ; Second axotomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The left hypoglossal nerve of adult male albino rats was prevented from regenerating to the tongue after a distal axotomy by implanting the proximal stump into normally innervated left sternomastoid muscle. Eighty-four days after implantation, the hypoglossal nerve was transected again and its regeneration to the tongue unimpeded. From 8 to 70 days after this second axotomy the left hypoglossal nuclei were processed for quantitative ultrastructural analysis. The first aim of this study was to compare regeneration success in the hypoglossal nucleus after second axotomy with that accompanying outgrowth of the hypoglossal nerve into denervated sternomastoid muscle. During quantitative analysis a second aim developed, of elucidating bouton/glial relationships. The second axotomy induced loss and return of subsurface cisterns, dispersal and reassembly of Nissl substance, increase and decrease of microglial numbers, slight further loss and partial return of boutons with clear spherical vesicles and symmetrical synapses, slight increase and decrease of boutons with clear flat vesicles and symmetrical synapses, regrowth of retracted dendrites and restoration of their synapses, and gradual diminution of numbers of electron-dense neurones and dendrites. Astrocytes remained hypertrophied throughout. When compared with events in the hypoglossal nucleus accompanying innervation of denervated sternomastoid muscle by the hypoglossal nerve, the results suggest (1) that regeneration of the hypoglossal nerve to its own tongue muscle instead of to a foreign muscle caused no acceleration of recovery in the hypoglossal nucleus, and (2) that the microglial response is dependent on nerve integrity and not on bouton behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 384 (1979), S. 307-324 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Calcifying odontogenic cyst ; Dysplastic dentin ; Hornified cells ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Four new cases of calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) were studied by light- and electronmicroscope. The ages of the patients were between 20 and 68 years. Three cysts were located in the maxilla, the other was in the mandible. The history of two patients was followed up for five and ten years respectively. The longer the history the bigger were the cysts. All cysts showed histologically identical alterations of the epithelium with 1) a pronounced cylindrical basal cell layer, 2) cells resembling stellate reticulum, and 3) ghost cells. So called dysplastic dentin was laid down in the connective tissue only in the two cases with a long history. Ultrastructurally the odontogenic epithelium of all cysts showed keratinization similar to the epidermis. Two types of keratinization are known to occur in the epidermis, soft keratinization with keratohyalin granules in ortho- and parakeratosis, and hard keratinization without keratohyalin granules in nails (horn). Both types of keratinization occur in odontogenic epithelium. The COC is an example of hard keratinization. Ghost cells form prekeratin which in turn becomes horn and is found in areas of confluent ghost cells and in the so called dysplastic dentin. We conclude that the alteration of odontogenic epithelium in COC and in special odontogenic tumors is a secondary phenomenon resembling ortho- and parakeratosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 384 (1979), S. 347-355 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Exfoliation syndrome ; Non-glaucomatous eye ; Trabecular meshwork ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The trabecular meshwork of a non-glaucomatous eye with the exfoliation syndrome was investigated. The exfoliation material was found mainly in massive deposits in the subendothelial region of the outer and inner wall of Schlemm's canal, in the cribriform area and the uveal meshwork. The other alterations of the trabeculum corneosclerale corresponded to the age of the patient. The concept that the accumulation of exfoliation material is an important pathogenetic factor in the development of glaucoma was not confirmed by this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Hexachlorobenzene ; Liver ; Ultrastructure ; Porphyrins ; Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Groups of female rats were treated orally with 0.5, 2.0, 8.0, and 32 mg/kg hexachlorobenzene twice a week for 203 days. The liver content of hexachlorobenzene was found to be dose-dependent. In the animals treated with the highest dose the concentration was 273 μg/g hexachlorobenzene. In the fresh and fixed hepatic tissue of the treated animals pink fluorescence was observed. Electron microscopy revealed a dose dependent enlargement of all hepatocytes due to proliferation of the SER in the centrolobular area or to increased glycogen deposits (β- or α-particles) and SER in the intermediary and periportal area. Numerous porphyrin deposits and siderosomes, intimate disorganisation and moderate dislocation of the RER and a moderate enlargement of bizarre-shaped mitochondria were recognized. The relationship between porphyrin crystals and mitochondria on the one hand and between SER and glycogen deposits on the other is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 382 (1979), S. 191-200 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis ; Muscle spindles ; Neuromuscular spindles ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ultrastructural features of muscle spindles were studied in biopsy material from 100 patients suffering from classical rheumatoid arthritis. Thickening of the outer capsule, increased amount of extracellular ground substance within the inner capsule, and marked thickening of the basement membrane of capillary blood vessels supplying the muscle spindles were observed. Chronic inflammatory cells and macrophages were present within the spindles. Changes affecting the intrafusal muscle fibres were also seen. They were manifest as atrophy and degeneration of the intrafusal muscle fibres, absence of the specialised junctional complexes, and of the intercellular bridges, microladders and satellite cells. It is suggested that the changes affecting the intrafusal muscle fibres are probably secondary. Damage to the myelinated nerves was present, while the sensory and motor nerve endings were well preserved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 382 (1979), S. 201-216 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Meningioma ; Ultrastructure ; Classification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We examined 23 meningiomas by electron microscopy. In each case it was possible to distinguish certain cells with epithelial features (desmosomes, microfilaments, interdigitating extensions) and others with fibroblastic features (collagen fibers). Others cells of transitional form were also seen. The proportion of these cellular types is variable, making it possible to classify meningiomas into seven types progressing gradually from a purely epithelial type to a purely fibroblastic one. We found no important ultrastructural abnormalities in the cells. These case reports confirm the uniqueness of meningiomas, which are composed of variously shaped cells but have their origin from a single cellular type. This has double potentiality for fibroblastic and epithelial differentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 382 (1979), S. 237-243 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Giant cell tumors of tendon sheath ; Soft tissue tumors ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A benign, but aggressive, giant cell tumor of tendon sheath developed over a period of 20 years into a metastasizing, histologically malignant giant cell tumor. Ultrastructure of the malignant tumor showed the same five cell types as described in giant cell tumors of tendon sheath. Even the same crystals were identified in the osteoblast-like and osteoclast-like cells. It therefore appears reasonable to assume that giant cell tumors of tendon sheath indeed are neoplasms with a malignant potential and not an inflammatory reaction of synovial cells as previously suggested. Both the benign and malignant tumors seem to be of mesenchymal derivation with partial osseous differentiation. No ultrastructural similarities with fibrous histiocytoma were apparent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 383 (1979), S. 181-193 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Graves' disease ; Preoperative treatment ; Ultrastructure ; Antithyroid drug treatment ; Lithium ; Cellular involution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This electron microscopic study is based on 12 cases of toxic goiter treated preoperatively with iodide, thionamides and lithium. Essential features of Graves' disease include hypertrophy of the follicular epithelium, papillary follicular infoldings and frequently, lymphocytic infiltration and fibrosis. After preoperative therapy most thyroid glands show involutional changes of varying degree with reaccumulation of colloid and flattening of the follicular epithelium. In a small number of histologically examined cases (n=84) colloid goitre (13%) and nodular goitre (8%) were noted. Lymphocytic infiltration and interstitial fibrosis do not show any correlation with preoperative treatment. Ultrastructurally, different stages of cellular involution are seen. The hypertrophic follicular cell shows an increased cell surface with numerous long microvilli and some pseudopodia at the apical border and an occasionally thickened, basal lamina. The cytoplasm contains a well developed system of organelles which synthesizes (rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytoplasmic vesicles) and degrades (colloid droplets, lysosomes) thyroglobulin. With increasing cellular atrophy we found cells to be reduced in size but to contain well developed thyroglobulin-synthesizing organelles. Finally, we observed completely atrophic flat cells with only a few organelles. There are at date no electron microscopic communications on lithiumpretreated thyroid glands. After lithium therapy characteristic changes are observed at the membranes of the cytocavitary system, which are often found to be thin and occasionally to be damaged. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is virtually deprived of ribosomes and the Golgi apparatus seems to be underdeveloped. The number of apical microvilli is reduced. The morphological findings following iodide-, thionamide- and lithium pretreatment in Graves' disease are discussed in light of recent biochemical results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 381 (1979), S. 189-203 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Pseudomalignant ossifying myositis ; Ultrastructure ; Myofibroblasts ; Macrophages ; Pathogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Seven cases of pseudomalignant ossifying myositis with a typical clinical symptomatology have been reported. None of the cases had experienced an injury. All the lesions were intramuscular and all of them showed a zonal arrangement. Electron microscopy in three cases allowed the demonstration of cells showing morphological features of myofibroblasts and monocytic cells of the macrophage type. These previously unreported features together with the zonal pattern of the lesions indicate their reparative nature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 381 (1979), S. 121-139 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Myxofibrosarcoma ; Fibroblast ; Histiocyte ; Myofibroblast ; Sarcoma ; Soft tissue tumour ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An ultrastructural study of 11 myxofibrosarcomas is presented. The tumours were graded light-microscopically on a four-point scale according to cellularity, cell atypia and mitotic activity, as described in a previous paper: 3 were grade I, 2 grade II, 4 grade III and 2 grade IV. Fibroblast-like and myofibroblast-like cells predominated in the grade I and II tumours, while histiocyte-like cells were relatively few; in grade III and IV tumours histiocyte-like cells predominated. The fibroblast-like cells were spindle-shaped with fairly smoothly outlined nuclei, and contained abundant parallel membranes and wide cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum. The histocyte-like cells were irregular in shape and showed indented nuclei with large nucleoli and coarse, peripherally arranged clumps of heterochromatin. The cytoplasm of these cells showed prominent pseudopodiae, microvillous projections, conspicuous systems of vesicles and vacuoles, inclusions of lipid and pigment, numerous lysosomal structures and large digestive vacuoles indicating auto- and exophagocytosis. The myofibroblast-like cells showed abundance of parallelly arranged cytoplasmic microfilaments with dense body-like structures and condensation at the plasmic membrane. Occasional cells appeared to be intermediate forms and primitive looking, undifferentiated cells were also encountered. A few multinucleated tumours cells were seen in the grade IV tumours. Thus, the present study shows the composite fibroblastic, myofibroblastic and histiocytic character of the tumour cells of myxofibrosarcoma; the grade III and IV tumours, with a tendency to contain solid areas, seem to be closely related to the pleomorphic type of malignant fibrous histiocytoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 382 (1979), S. 217-226 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Axonal swelling ; Spheroid ; Dystrophic axon ; Ultrastructure ; Human gracile nucleus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The morphology of the spheroids in human gracile nuclei was studied by light and electron microscopy. Various spheroids encountered in the present study could be classified into three types based on the internal structure: The first one was chiefly composed of many irregular homogeneous dense bodies, multivesicular bodies and mitochondria. The dense bodies seemed to deposit multicentrically in an axon in the early stage of “balloon” formation and coalesce to form larger ones. The second was characterized by a marked accumulation of closely approximated mitochondria and dense concentric bodies. In the third the most characteristic findings were neurofibrillary accumulation and aggregations of dense bodies. These findings showed some divergence from those of dystrophic axons and the last two mimic those of degenerative or regenerative axons, which suggested that axonal swelling (including dystrophic axon) is not characteristic reaction of specific disease but rather nonspecific one to a variety of noxious stimuli. With light microscope, it was difficult to distinguish balloons with different structures since they were quite diverse and manifold in their shape, size, appearance and stainability. Intra-axonal corpora amylacea were seen in most cases and their incidence appeared to be nonspecific for any diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 385 (1979), S. 93-101 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Angioma ; Lung ; Carcinoma ; Pneumocytes ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchung eines sog. sklerosierenden Hämangioms der Lunge, das im Oberlappen einer 32jährigen Frau zufällig entdeckt wurde. Der seltene gutartige Tumor, der lichtmikroskopisch wegen seines Gefäßreichtums an ein Hämangiom erinnert, zeigt elektronenmikroskopisch eine eindeutige epitheliale Struktur. Die Geschwulst entwickelt sich möglicherweise aus unreifen Pneumocyten. Histogenese sowie differential-diagnostische Probleme (Verwechslungsmöglichkeit mit Carcinom) werden diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary Electron microscopy of a sclerosing angioma of the lung, a coincidental finding in the upper lobe of a 32-year-old woman. The rare, benign tumor, whose vascular proliferation by light microscopy is reminiscent of an angioma, exhibits a clear epithelial structure by electron microscopy. The tumor may develop out of immature pneumocytes. The paper discusses histogenesis and problems of differential diagnosis (potential confusion with carcinomas).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 176 (1979), S. 69-79 
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Skeletal muscle ; CO2-laser ; Surgery ; Ultrastructure ; Rat ; Skelettmuskelfaser ; CO2-Laser ; Chirurgie ; Ultrastruktur ; Ratte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Zustand der dorsalen Haut und des darunterliegenden Muskelgewebes der Ratte wurde unmittelbar nach CO2-Laser-Schnitten mit Hilfe von licht- und elektronenmikroskopischen Methoden untersucht. In der subkutanen Skelettmuskelschicht konnte eine erhöhte Empfindlichkeit des Gewebes festgestellt werden, die in einer ausgeprägten Abfolge von Zellveränderungen ihren Ausdruck findet. Diese Schädigungen werden hauptsächlich den thermischen Effekten der Laserstrahlung zugeschrieben. Die Bedeutung dieser Untersuchungsergebnisse in Hinblick auf die Verwendung von Laser in der Chirurgie wird besprochen.
    Notes: Summary The immediate effect of CO2-laser incision to the dorsal skin and underlying muscular tissue of rats was studied by light and electron microscopical methods. In the subcutaneous layer of skeletal muscle cells an increased susceptibility was found, resulting in distinct zones of cellular changes which are attributed mainly to thermal effects of the laser beam. The importance of these findings for the surgical application of lasers is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 155 (1979), S. 95-105 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Metanephros ; Chicken embryo ; Ultrastructure ; Parathyroid hormone ; Cyclic AMP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A comparative electron microscopical study was conducted on the metanephros from chick embryos differentiated either in shell-less culture or in ovo. Developmental characteristics were very similar in both cases. Up to stage 37 (Hamburger-Hamilton) the metanephros contained large numbers of immature nephrons; their renal corpuscles were crescent-shaped and consisted of an outer layer of flat cells and an inner one of cuboidal cells. In more advanced corpuscles also found at this stage the inner layer had formed numerous rudimentary pedicels and the tunica media of the glomerular arteriole contained juxta-glomerular cells with numerous, small, electron dense granules. In the metanephros from embryos at stage 38 or older, large numbers of nephrons had completed their differentiation; their rounded renal corpuscles had fully differentiated podocytes with thin interdigitating pedicels and the proximal convoluted tubules had numerous apical microvilli, vesicles, vacuoles and tubular invaginations indicating an active process of resorption. These results appear to indicate that both in culture and in ovo-developed embryos, the metanephri start to function around stage 38. In the case of normal embryos this conclusion agrees with previous physiological and biochemical determinations. The injection of 20 USP parathyroid hormone into 16-day old chick embryos produced an increase in the concentration of cyclic AMP in the metanephros. This favours the idea that the regulation of kidney function by the hormone begins during the embryonic period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 155 (1979), S. 333-345 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Lipofuscin ; Cerebellar cortex ; Ultrastructure ; Senescent rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of autofluorescent, PAS-positive lipofuscin in Purkinje, granule, Golgi epithelial, basket and stellate, microglial and perivascular cells in the cerebellar cortex of senescent rats is described. The membrane-bounded pigment is composed of three elements: 1) electron-lucent homogeneous droplets, 2) a granular matrix and 3) intensely osmiophilic patches. The proportions of these three components vary between cell types and one can grossly differentiate a neuronal and a glial lipofuscin. The lipofuscin granules of stellate and perivscular cells are different from lipofuscin of other cerebellar neurons and glia. It can be concluded from these morphological observations that each cerebellar cell type has its distinct lipofuscin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 46 (1979), S. 215-220 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Melanosis of the dentate nucleus ; Glial melanin ; Ultrastructure ; Intrared spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pigment present in melanosis cerebelli where it is deposited in the dentate nucleus and within the cerebellar granular layer is similar to that of S. nigra as judged from the typical infrared absorption bands near wave numbers 3.450 cm−1 and 1.650 cm−1, respectively. According to electron microscopic findings, this type of melanin arises within the astrocytes of the dentate nucleus. The astrocytic melanosomes exhibit a relatively monotonous substructure reaching diameters of 30 μ and more, and they differ in this respect from the triadic neuronal melanosomes of S. nigra that are strongly reminiscent of lipofuscin granules. These differences may be due to additional components of melanosomes, apparently specific of a particular cell type, and they are in turn accounted for by the dissimilar cellular metabolic make-up of nigral cells and astrocytes, respectively. This does not dismiss the possibility, however, that the melanin pigments of either type of melanosomes are the same or closely related to each other as far as their basic chemical composition is concerned. The cause of the melanosis of the dentate nucleus is not known. Possibly involutional tissue changes governed by endocrine factors among others may play an important part.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 47 (1979), S. 85-92 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Isoniazid ; Neuropathy ; Intoxication ; Dying back ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Large single doses of isoniazid by mouth (1–2 g/kg) have been shown to produce in rats Wallerian degeneration visible with the light microscope from the third day onwards. By contrast, changes in axons are seen from 24 h onwards by electron microscopy. The earliest ultrastructural changes are associated with vacuoles appearing between axon and Schwann cells. These are large and focal, and often compress the axon. The adjacent axon may show changes in smooth ER, and in microtubular arrangement. Alterations in smooth membranes and in mitochondria are visible in Schwann cell cytoplasm, not necessarily related to the vacuole formation and axonal features. It is suggested that INH neuropathy is essentially a multifocal axonal lesion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 47 (1979), S. 139-143 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Perineurium ; Permeability ; Peripheral nerve ; Rat ; Ultrastructure ; Autoradiography ; Albumin ; Peroxidase ; Protein deprivation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The permeability properties of the perineurium in sciatic nerves of 12-week-old rats were studied. The penetration of125I-labeled albumin and horseradish peroxidase into the perineurium was investigated electronmicroscopically 10, 30, and 120 min after the local extraneural application of the tracers. The autoradiographic study included age-matched protein-deprived rats. It was concluded that the perineurium acted as a diffusion barrier but also permitted a slow passage of the macromolecules into the endoneurium. The result indicates that this penetration to some extent is due to vesicular transport across the perineurial cells. The significance of these barrier and transport properties of the perineurium is discussed. No obvious differences in perineurial permeability between normal and protein-deprived rats were obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 48 (1979), S. 67-72 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Pituitary adenoma ; Ultrastructure ; Classitication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A case of pituitary adenoma secreting more than two hormones is presented. Morphological findings of this tumor have been correlated with biological behavior and with hormonal activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 48 (1979), S. 189-197 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Hamster brain cells ; Polyoma virus ; Tumorigenicity ; Ultrastructure ; Specific nervous proteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The morphological characteristics of three clones of hamster brain cells transformed in vitro by polyoma virus and of the tumors obtained after subcutaneous grafting of these cells in syngenic animals are reported. These clones appeared to be glial in nature by light and electron microscopy. The initial tumors induced by the three clones presented astrocytic features both by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Analysis of the subsequent in vivo passages showed a decrease in cell differentiation, which was accompanied by a decrease in the latency period; after 2 years of serial transplantation, the tumors seemed poorly differentiated gliomas. A control cell line of hamster cerebellar cells evolved similarly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 48 (1979), S. 27-30 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Progressive supranuclear palsy ; Neurofibrillary tangles ; Ultrastructure ; Straight tubule ; Twisted tubule
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of neurofibrillary tangles in the hippocampal gyrus, substantia nigra, pontine nuclei and locus coeruleus of the brain was postmortem studied in a case of progressive supranuclear palsy. Straight tubules and twisted tubules were observed in both the cortical and subcortical neurofibrillary tangles. Most tubules appeared separately in each neuron but a few straight tubules were mixed with the twisted tubules in the cortical tangles. The implication and possible significance of this findings are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Melanin ; Melanosomes ; Ultrastructure ; Infrared spectrophotometry ; X-ray diffraction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Melanosomes and isolated melanosomal fragments (melanin particles) originating from gangliocytes (substantia nigra), astroglia (melanosis cerebelli), and melanocytes (melanotic meningeoma; metastases of melanoblastoma; melanosis thalami of the goat) were compared with synthetic melanins prepared from dopamine and serotonin, respectively. Samples were examined by electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis according to Debye-Scherrer and by infrared spectrophotometry, and the results were evaluated with regard to characteristic features as they may relate to specific cell types or chemical structures. On electron microscopy all three types of melanosomes could be differentiated unequivocally as could the two synthetic melanins. Thus, there were similarities between synthetic melanin from dopamine and the gliogenic melanins of the cerebellum; the synthetic melanin from serotonin resembled melanin of melanocytes. X-ray diffraction analysis yielded 2-4 Debye diffraction rings with all human and synthetic samples, suggesting short range orders between 3.8 to 5 Å the sample obtained from a goat with thalamic melanosis showed a specific reflex pattern. While diffraction patterns of some melanins were partially identical, in particular that of melanin from dopamine and melanin of substantia nigra and dentate nucleus, respectively, they were different for the various melanocytic melanins. Further investigations are required to determine whether these differences are due to disparities in basic chemical structures or conformations or else, to particular compositional features of the various types of melanocytes as they arise from benign or malignant tumors or a specific species. Infrared spectrophotometry at higher wave numbers revealed the well known patterns of melanins, which are not, however, very suitable, for their further differentiation. At lower wave numbers (‘fingerprinting’) melanin of substantia nigra and the glial melanin in melanosis cerebelli yielded additional absorption bands of identical configuration. In contrast to melanin from dopamine, melanin from serotonin exhibited a closely similar absorption pattern in this spectral range, suggesting that the neuroectodermal melanins may contain a component possibly arising from serotonin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 156 (1979), S. 73-88 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Closure ; Development ; Mammalina embryo ; Neural tube ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fusion of the neural walls in the cephalic part of mouse embryos varying in age from 9 to 20 somites was examined with the electron microscope. In the rhombencephalic region the rim of the neural wall was formed from outside inward by ectodermal surface cells, a row of flattened cells without surface projections and neuroepithelial cells. At the junction of the surface ectoderm and the flat cells were seen large projections containing a cytoplasmic matrix without organelles and previously referred to as “ruffles”. The initial contact between the walls was made by the large cytoplasmic arms and numerous finger-like projections interdigitating with similar projections from the opposite wall. The projections originated from the surface ectoderm and possibly neural crest cells. During further fusion the surface ectoderm cells formed dense membrane specializations, thus establishing a firm contact. The initial contact in the mesencephalon was formed by extensions from the surface ectoderm and was followed by the formation of specialized membrane junctions, as seen between the surface ectoderm in the rhombencephalon. The neuroepithelial cells facing the gap between the neural walls with their apical ends made contact with the cells from the opposing wall by numerous finger-like projections but membrane specializations failed to develop. The closing mechanism in the prosencephalon and anterior neuropore regions differed from the previous areas in that the initial contact was established by the neuroepithelial cells. Only after this contact had been formed did the surface ectoderm cells close the gap. In contrast with the other areas many phagocytosed particles were seen in the prosencephalon and in the region of the anterior neuropore. Many particles from degenerated cells were found inside healthy surrounding cells. Some of these particles contained nuclear material and cytoplasmic organelles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 156 (1979), S. 255-267 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Adenohypophyseal rudiment ; Self-differentiation ; Ultrastructure ; Quail
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Isolated epithelial rudiments of 3–4 days quail embryo adenohypophysis were cultivated in vitro. Differentiation of glandular cells occured when culture conditions allowed the formation of explants characterized by the presence of a fibroblastic sheet and of an epithelial roof surrounding a central cavity. Differentiation did not occur when culture conditions did not allow the fibroblastic sheet to be established or resulted in the absence of a cavity. The importance of the explant structure in differentiation is also indicated by the location of glandular cells. In vitro they differentiate near the cavity derived from Rathke's pouch lumen while in situ they first appear at the periphery of the rudiment, near the basement membrane. The results of this study show that the adenohypophyseal primordium can differentiate without any mesenchymal influence. The observed differentiation seems to be correlated with fibroblast-secreted material, and this hypo-thesis is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 266 (1979), S. 143-159 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Xanthoma ; Ultrastructure ; Lipid vacuoles ; Myelin figures ; Xanthoma ; Ultrastruktur ; Lipidvacuolen ; Myelinfiguren
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchung von 10 Patienten mit normolipämischer Xanthomatose und von 2 Patienten mit hyperlipoproteinämischer Xanthomatose Typ IV und V ergab folgende Befunde: In allen Fällen wurden große Mengen von Histiocyten mit intracytoplasmatischen Lipid-Vacuolen, Lysosomen und Myelinfiguren gesehen. Dazu waren Mikrofilamente und Lipid-Vacuolen in einigen Fibroblasten zu beobachten. In sämtlichen Präparaten fanden sich mehrkernige histiocytäre Riesenzellen mit kristallinen Spalträumen sowie einige Mastzellen. Lipid-Vacuolen konnten auch in Schwannzellen, Endothelzellen und in Pericyten nachgewiesen werden. In einigen Endothelzellen und Pericyten beobachtete man Duplikaturen der basalen vaskulären Laminae und “rob-shaped” tubuläre Körperchen. Beim Xanthelasma palpebrarum und dem Xanthoma planum disseminatum fanden sich die histiocytären Schaumzellen in perivaskulärer Anordnung, wie bei den hyperlipoproteinämischen Xanthomatosen. Wir folgern, daß die ultrastrukturellen Aspekte in den verschiedenen Xanthomatosen im wesentlichen gleich sind, zumal große Ablagerungen von Fett in allen Zellen zu sehen sind. In den normolipämischen Xanthomatosen (Xanthelasma palpebrarum und Xanthoma planum disseminatum) ist die Art der Entstehung von Fettablagerungen vermutlich die gleiche wie bei den hyperlipoproteinämischen Xanthomatosen; sie unterscheiden sich jedoch von den Fettablagerungen beim Xanthoma disseminatum und beim Xanthogranuloma juvenile. Eine Einteilung der normolipämischen Xanthomatosen wird vorgestellt.
    Notes: Summary Electron microscopic aspects in ten cases of normolipidemic cutaneous xanthomatosis have been investigated. Two additional types IV and V hyperlipoproteinaemic xanthomatosis have also been included. Ultrastructural findings in all cases were similar. Abundant histiocytic cells with numerous intracytoplasmic lipid vacuoles, lysosomes, and myelin-figures, were the striking features. Moreover, in older lesions microfilaments and lipid vacuoles were found in some fibroblastic cells, as well as long space collagen around them. In some specimens we observed: giant multinucleated histiocytic cells, crystalline cleft-like spaces in histiocytes and some mastocytes with lipidic crystals in the extracellular space, as well as lipid vacuoles in Schwann cells, endothelial cells and pericytes. Rod-shaped tubulated bodies were found in some endothelial cells, with multiple basal vascular laminae. In xantelasma palpebrarum and in disseminate plane xanthoma the histiocytary foamy cells adopted a perivascular arrangement, as in hyperlipoproteinemic xanthomatosis. We concluded that ultrastructural aspects of different xanthomatosis are fairly similar as a consequence of the large amount of intracytoplasmic lipids accumulated in xanthomatous cells. In xanthelasma palpebrarum and in disseminated plane xanthoma this cell phase is reached by similar pathways to those for hyperlipoproteinemic xanthomatosis, whilst in xanthoma disseminatum and juvenile xanthogranuloma the pathways seem to be different. A classification of normolipidemic xanthomatosis is also provided.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 266 (1979), S. 187-196 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Disseminated lipogranulomatosis ; Farber's disease ; Sphingolipidoses ; Ceramide ; Ultrastructure ; Disseminierte Lipogranulomatose ; M. Farber ; Sphingolipidosen ; Ceramid ; Ultrastruktur
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchung von 2 Hautläsionen bei einem aus der Türkei stammenden 2jährigen Jungen mit disseminierter Lipogranulomatosis (Farber) zeigte curvilineare Körper in Fibroblasten, Histiocyten und Endothelzellen, flache Membrananordnungen in Fibroblasten und Endothelzellen und spindelartige Körper in Schwann-Zellen. In peripheren Lymphocyten fanden sich nur Veränderungen der Mitochondrien (Schwellung und aufgebrochene Cristae), jedoch keine Einschlußkörper. Die intracytoplasmatischen curvilinearen Körper waren zahlreich und leicht nachweisbar. Sie scheinen für den M. Farber spezifisch zu sein, und es wird vorgeschlagen, sie “Farber Körper” zu nennen. Die Diagnose dieser Ceramidspeicherkrankheit, in der das histologische Bild weitgehend unspezifisch ist, kann daher ultrastrukturell bestätigt werden.
    Notes: Summary An ultrastructural investigation of two cutaneous lesions in a two-year-old Turkish boy with disseminated lipogranulomatosis (Farber) revealed curvilinear bodies in fibroblasts, histiocytes, and endothelial cells; “elongated membranes” in fibroblasts and endothelial cells; “zebra bodies” in endothelial cells; and spindle-shaped bodies in Schwann cells. In peripheral lymphocytes only alterations of mitochondria (swelling and ruptured cristae) but no inclusion bodies were found. Curvilinear bodies were numerous and easily identifiable; they appear to be characteristic of Farber's disease, and naming them “Farber bodies” is proposed. The diagnosis of this ceramide storage disease, in which the histological examination is relatively unspecific, can therefore be confirmed ultrastructurally.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 266 (1979), S. 239-251 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Cutaneous malignant B-cell lymphoma ; Ultrastructure ; Semithin sections ; Cutane maligne B-Zell Lymphome ; Ultrastruktur ; Semidünnschnitte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Achtzehn Fälle von cutanen B-Zell Lymphomen von niedrigem Malignitätsgrad (gesichert durch Enzymcytochemie und Immuncytologie) wurden morphologisch mittels Semidünn- und Dünnschnitten unter-sucht. Vier Typen mit einem charakteristischen Muster von verschiedenen lymphoiden Zellen wurden gefunden: (1) Der lymphocytische Typ, überwiegend aus kleinen Lymphocyten bestehend; (2) der lymphocytoide (zentrocytische oder prolymphocytische) Typ, bei dem neben kleinen auch mittelgroße Lymphocyten (mit und ohne geknitterten Zellkernen) erscheinen; (3) der lymphoplasmacytoide Typ, bei dem neben kleinen und mittelgroßen Lymphocyten lymphoide Zellen mit unterschiedlich ausgeprägten Differenzierungsmerkmalen von Plasmazellen zu finden sind; sowie (4) der zentroblastische-zentrocytische Typ. Hier sind neben kleinen und mittelgroßen Lymphocyten auch Zentroblasten zu beobachten. Insgesamt stimmen die hier erhobenen morphologischen Befunde gut mit entsprechenden nodalen malignen Lymphomen überein. Die Anwendung moderner Klassifikationen von non-Hodgkin Lymphomen, insbesondere die »Kiel-Klassifikation«, erscheint daher auch für die Hautlymphome gerechtfertigt. Dünn- und Semidünnschnitte eignen sich bei der Routinediagnostik von derartigen Krankheitsfällen, vor allem dann, wenn mit Paraffinschnitten keine klare diagnostische Einordnung erfolgen konnte.
    Notes: Summary Eighteen cases of low grade malignant B-cell lymphomas (confirmed through enzyme cytochemistry and immunocytology) were investigated morphologically using thin and semithin sections. Four types with a characteristic pattern of different lymphoid cells were found: (1) the lymphocytic type, predominantly consisting of small lymphocytes; (2) the lymphocytoid (centrocytic or prolymphocytic) type, in which in addition to small lymphocytes medium-sized lymphocytes (with or without cleaved nuclei) are found; (3) the lymphoplasmacytoid type, where lymphoid cells with different degrees of similarity to plasma cells are seen as well as small and medium-sized lymphocytes; and (4) the centroblastic-centrocytic type, in which centroblasts are present next to small and medium-sized lymphocytes. These findings correlate well with the morphological observations in low-grade malignant B-cell lymphomas of the lymph nodes. Therefore, the application of modern classifications of non-Hodgkin lymphomas, such as the “Kiel Classification”, to cutaneous lymphomas appears justified. Thin and semithin sections are particularly useful in suspected cases of cutaneous malignant lymphoma, in which paraffin sections did not allow the diagnosis to be established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 48 (1979), S. 211-214 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Medullomyoblastoma ; Desmoplastic medulloblastoma ; Teratoid ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A case of cerebellar medullomyoblastoma in a young boy was investigated by electron microscopy. The neuroectodermal component shows the characteristics of a desmoplastic medulloblastoma. The mesodermal component consists of more or less differentiated cross-striated muscle cells. Undifferentiated muscle cells are very similar to proliferated endothelial cells of blood vessels within the muscular component, so that an origin of this component from pluripotential endothelial cells of the vessel wall is suggested. This tumor is considered a malignant teratoid because of the derivation from two blastodermic layers and because of the midline localization in children suggesting a malformative origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 264 (1979), S. 17-28 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Malignant lymphoma ; Mycosis fungoides ; Sezary's syndrome ; Parapsoriasis en plaques ; Ultrastructure ; Semi-thin sections ; Maligne Lymphome ; Mykosis fungoides ; Sézary-Syndrom ; Parapsoriasis en plaques ; Ultrastruktur ; Semi-Dünnschnitt-Technik
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Semi-Dünnschnitte erlauben eine bessere morphologische Differenzierung von lymphoiden Zellen als Paraffinschnitte. Zur Prüfung ihrer möglichen Bedeutung bei der Diagnostik von kutanen T-Zell-Lymphomen wurden folgende Untersuchungen durchgeführt: Lymphoide Zellen im cellulären Infiltrat von Hautläsionen bei Mykosis fungoides (11 Fälle), Sézary-Syndrom (9 Fälle) und Parapsoriasis en plaques (14 Fälle) wurden mittels Semi-Dünnschnitten von Epon-eingebetteten Biopsien quantitativ analysiert. Als Kontrollen wurden Biopsien von Epikutan-Test-Reaktionen, Kontaktdermatitis, initialer Psoriasis und Erythema chronicum migrans untersucht. Eine hohe Prozentzahl von Lutzner-(Sézary)-Zellen fand sich ständig beim Sézary-Syndrom und gelegentlich bei der Parapsoriasis en plaques. Bei der Mycosis fungoides überwogen lymphocytoide Zellen mit helleren Kernen als bei normalen Lymphocyten. In den meisten Tumorläsionen sowohl bei der Mycosis fungoides als auch beim Sézary-Syndrom fand sich eine erhöhte Prozentzahl von Immunoblasten. Lymphocyten waren der häufigste Zelltyp bei der Parapsoriasis en plaques und bei den Kontrollen. Diese Befunde könnten nützlich für die Diagnostik von Problemfällen sein, für die die Semi-Dünnschnitt-Technik als eine weitere Methode empfohlen wird.
    Notes: Summary Semi-thin sections are superior to paraffin sections for differentiating lymphoid cells. To test their possible significance in the diagnosis of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, the following investigation was made: A quantitative analysis of lymphoid cells in the cellular infiltrate of cutaneous lesions of mycosis fungoides (11 cases), Sézary's syndrome (9 cases), and parapsoriasis en plaques (14 cases) was made using semi-thin sections of eponembedded biopsies. As controls biopsies of patch test reactions, contact dermatitis, initial psoriasis, and erythema chronicum migrans were studied. A high percentage of Lutzner (Sézary) cells was consistently found in Sézary's syndrome and occasionally in parapsoriasis en plaques only. In mycosis fungoides lymphocytoid cells with the nuclei, less dense than in normal lymphocytes were predominant. In most tumorous lesions of mycosis fungoides and of Sézary's syndrome an increased percentage of immunoblasts was noted. Normal lymphocytes were the most frequent cell type in parapsoriasis en plaques as well as in the controls. These findings may prove helpful in the diagnosis of problem cases, for which the use of semi-thin sections is recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 45 (1979), S. 17-25 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Brindled mutant mouse ; Male hemizygotes ; Neuronal degeneration ; Ultrastructure ; Giant mitochondria ; Copper deficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The brindled mouse (Mobr) is a neurological mutant mouse with clinical and biochemical features closely similar to Kinky hair syndrome (KHS) in humans. Neuronal degeneration in the cerebral cortex and thalamic nuclei was the constant neuropathological lesions in the CNS of the male hemizygotes of this mutant (Yajima and Suzuki, 1978). Ultrastructurally, many cortical neurons contained enlarged mitochondria with prominent tubular or vesicular cristae, which were similar to those described in the Purkinje cells in the human KHS (Ghatak et al., 1972) and in the rat brain with copper deficiency (Prohaska and Wells, 1975). Such mitochondria were observed not only in the degenerating neurons but even in the otherwise normal-appearing cortical neurons, suggesting that the mitochondrial damage possibly related to the deficient activities of the copper containing enzymes (cytochrome oxidase, etc.) preceded the neuronal degeneration. Many mitochondria in the severely degenerated neurons contained numerous electron dense spicules of possible calcium. Although rare, similar morphological alteration of neuronal mitochondria was also noted in the female heterozygotes, indicating the presence of possible subclinical defect in copper transport in the heterozygotes as well.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 45 (1979), S. 111-115 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Brain tumor ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Mesenchymal cell ; Myotube ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A case of primary cerebral rhabdomyosarcoma in a 51-year-old female is reported. The histogenesis of this tumor is discussed. The clinicopathological features of 10 previously reported similar tumors of the CNS are briefly reviewed. Histologically the tumor was polymorphic, but composed of poorly differentiated cells interpreted as rhabdomyoblasts without definite cross-striation. Electron microscopy established that the poorly differentiated cells were of rhabdomyosarcomatous nature, compatible with presumptive myoblasts and analogous to developing fetal muscle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Muscular dystrophy ; Becker-type ; Benign X-linked ; Histopathology ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Muscle biopsies of two patients originally reported in the Göttingen family by Becker (1962) that formed the basis of separating a benign X-linked muscular dystrophy from the rapidly progressive Duchenne-type X-linked muscular dystrophy, revealed mild pathological changes in the younger patient and more advanced in the older one, consisting of increased spectra of fiber diameters, endomysial fibrosis, angulated fibers, pyknotic nuclear clumps and small groups of atrophic fibers. Essentially, both biopsies showed the same changes, but of different severity, possibly due to the differences in age and muscle biopsy sites. These changes were regarded “myopathic”, but a neurogenic component was suggested. Our observations accord well with those of a larger series (Bradley et al., 1978) where both electromyography and histopathology revealed a mixed “myopathic-neurogenic pattern” in patients with Becker-type dystrophy. Differential diagnostic aspects encompass Duchenne's muscular dystrophy, the other hereditary dystrophies and X-linked proximal spinal muscular atrophies. The precise nature of Becker-type muscular dystrophy requires morphological data on peripheral nerves, spinal roots and spinal cord anterior horn cells as well as sequential biopsy analysis to substantiate the primary site of pathology. However, on the basis of available data, it seems reasonable to suggest that the early changes of degeneration/regeneration which are accompanied by a markedly elevated CPK eventuate in the histopathologic and electromyographic patterns illustrated in these two patients with Beckertype dystrophy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 46 (1979), S. 11-15 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Meningioma ; Cell culture ; Ultrastructure ; Cell junctions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ultrastructural alterations in human meningioma cells grown in vitro are reported. In early passages the cells retain some of the characteristic features of the original tumors. These include interdigitations associated with intercellular junctional devices (e.g., desmosomes, gap junctions). However, with repeated subculture these features tend to be less frequent. Typical whorl formations are observed only in primary cultures. The nunber of cytoplasmic filaments, lipid inclusions and other dense bodies increases with time in culture. Cytoplasmic invaginations into nuclei and the appearance of very large cells become more frequent in repeatedly transferred cultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 47 (1979), S. 75-79 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Neurotoxicity ; Cyanate ; Demyelination ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of sodium cyanate (NaNCO) on the nervous system of Maccaca nemestrina were studied at 2, 4, and 6 months of administration of the drug. The two groups injected with daily doses of 35 and 25 mg/kg/day of Na-cyanate developed a predominantly demyelinating lesion in the pyramidal tracts of the spinal cord. No neuronal changes were observed in the motor cortex, basal ganglia, midbrain, medulla or anterior horn cells of the spinal cord. There was no evidence of peripheral neuropathy. A comparison between the cyanate induced neuropathy in the rat and in the primate was drawn. Ultrastructurally, both species developed a demyelinating process of central or peripheral myelin characterized by vacuolation of the myelin sheath, removal of myelin debris by macrophages and re-myelination. There was little evidence of axoplasmic damage except for an occasional distended fiber containing abundant dense bodies and whorls of neurofilaments. Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells were electron microscopically intact and participated actively in remyelination. Maccacas maintained at 15 mg/day and sham animals remained normal clinically and anatomically. The predominantly myelinotoxic effect of cyanate is similar to that produced by other myelinotoxic agents and is attributed to a selective modification of myelin proteins by carbamylation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 45 (1979), S. 159-160 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Tight junction ; Choroid plexus papilloma ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Four cases of choroid plexus papilloma (CPP) obtained at the time of surgical excision were examined by electron microscopy and compared with normal choroid plexus (CP) of mouse and chick. In apical tight junctions fusion of the two outer leaflets of the adjacent cytoplasmic membrane was verified as in CP. This fact suggests that there is a blood-CSF barrier not only in CP but also in CPP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Visna ; Slow viral infection ; CSF ; Ultrastructure ; Myelin fractions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An electron microscopic examination was done on 8 samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from Icelandic sheep infected by the intracerebral route with visna virus. The specimens were collected 1 month, 2 months, and 4 years after infection. A differential cell count done on low-power electron micrographs showed that the cellular exudate was composed of mononuclear cells mainly macrophages and lymphocytes with a few plasma cells. Macrophages were with one exception more numerous than lymphocytes and an increased proportion of macrophages showed evidence of phagocytosis with time after infection. Reactive lymphocytes were in general more numerous than small lymphocytes. Various stages in the maturation of plasma cells were observed. The cellular composition in the CSF is compatible with the view that visna is an immunopathological process. Myelin figures and fragments of myelinated axons were observed in two specimens indicating an active myelin-breakdown. The possibility that escape of myelin into the CSF may lead to sensitization to myelin antigens and perpetuation of this chronic neurologic affection is discussed. Visna virions could not be demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 186 (1979), S. 65-70 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Sea urchin ; Embryo ; Collagen ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Collagen fibrils with a main period banding of 610 Å and 220 Å in width were observed in the blastocoel of 72-h embryos of the sea urchin,Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Non-striated fibrils of 50 Å diameter were also observed. The collagen is seen in highest concentration in the vicinity of mesenchyme cells which are richly endowed with endoplasmic reticulum and secretory vesicles. A role for collagen in cell attachment, orientation and spicule formation is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 185 (1979), S. 333-346 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Chick embryo ; Limb bud ; Ultrastructure ; Cell death
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructural changes in the wing bud afterapical ectodermal ridge (A.E.R.) removal was studied to re-examine the issue of distal mesenchymal cell death. The A.E.R. of the right wing bud was removed microsurgically from chick embryos of stages 18 to 22 (HH 1951). The wing buds were examined at three hour intervals up to twelve hours after the operation with light, transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The main findings were: (1) Immediate and temporary shrinkage of the mesenchymal extracellular space 100 to 150 μm and chromatin condensation in the cells 50 to 75 μm from the wound. (2) Death of ectodermal and mesenchymal cells in the immediate vicinity of the wound. (3) Formation of a single squamous-like layer of mesenchymal cells to cover the wound. (4) Occasional evidence of cell death in the distal mesenchyme at later times after the operation. The pattern of cell death observed suggests only a traumatic etiology, and gives little evidence for the postulated developmental significance of cell death following A.E.R. removal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 203-209 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: dantrolene sodium ; spasticity ; twitch tension ; dose response ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Dantrolen sodium is a muscle relaxant, which is used in the treatment of spasticity. Although it is given chronically, little is known about its pharmacokinetic behaviour. The relationship between the effect of a single oral dose of dantrolene sodium and its plasma concentration in healthy volunteers was studied by measuring the effect on the twitch tension, and in spastic patients on the decrease in muscle hypertonia. On the twitch tension dantrolene gave a depression of 49.1±9.4% (±SD) within 1.15 and 3.45 h after ingestion of 100 mg. The mean maximal plasma concentration was 1.24±0.32 µg/ml (±SD). The effect and the plasma concentration were correlated. No relationship between the plasma concentration of dantrolene sodium and its effect could be established in patients, although definite activity in 6 out of 7 patients was observed after a single oral dose of 100 mg, and plasma concentration of dantrolene sodium greater than 0.3 µg/ml were consistently associated with better results than placebo treatment in 6 out of 7 patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 287-293 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: linear system theory ; perfusion model ; cardiac output ; pulmonary extraction ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Assessment of pharmacokinetics in terms of circulatory drug transport is proposed using the methods of linear system theory. In this model-independent approach drug distribution and disposition are characterized by the total extraction ratio, the mean residence time in the body and the volume of distribution at steady state. In analyzing concentration(c)-time(t) data, the procedure requires calculation only of the areas under the c(t)-and c(t)×t-curves to estimate kinetic parameters, and for prediction of the steady state concentration following continuous infusion or multiple doses. Pulmonary clearance of drugs is included in the theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 15 (1979), S. 275-280 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Parkinson's disease ; bromocriptine ; pharmacokinetics ; plasma concentration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The plasma kinetics of bromocriptine (BCT), a long-acting dopamine agonist, was studied in twelve patients with Parkinson's disease, using a newly developed gas chromatographic method of analysis. Each patient received BCT for at least three weeks in a constant but different dose regimen. Concomitant treatment with 1-DOPA was not allowed. During a 6-day hospitalization period, a blood sample was taken immediately before the afternoon dose at 14.00 h (Cmin) to determine the steady-state level. On the 6th day blood samples were collected every hour during two 8 h dose intervals. The results showed a significant correlation between the mean values of the AUC and the Cmin. First order elimination kinetics appeared to be followed by BCT, at least for the plasma concentrations commonly found. Considerable inter-individual variation was demonstrated both for the dose/plasma concentration ratio and for calculated plasma clearances. No serious side-effects were observed during the investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: indobufen ; platelet aggregation ; food effect on bioavailability ; repeated administration ; pharmacodynamics ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of food on bioavailability of indobufen tablets was investigated in 6 healthy volunteers. Subsequently, the same subjects took 100 mg b.i.d. for 7 days. Plasma levels and urinary excretion of indobufen were determined by GLC. Platelet aggregation induced by several concentrations of adrenaline was determined turbidimetrically at various times after the first and last doses. The absorption of indobufen tablets was not substantially impaired by the presence of food in the GI tract, although peak plasma levels and AUCs were slightly reduced after food. Pharmacokinetic analysis of plasma and urinary levels of indobufen did not indicate any change in drug disposition after repeated dosing. Adrenaline-induced platelet aggregation was markedly inhibited for up to 12 h after the first dose and the intensity and duration of this effect did not change after repeated administration. A twice-daily dosing appears suitable for clinical trials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 15 (1979), S. 341-347 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: clofibrate ; chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid ; disposition ; hepatitis ; cirrhosis ; renal failure ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The disposition of clofibrate over 96 hours was observed following single oral dose in six patients with acute viral hepatitis, six patients with liver cirrhosis, seven patients with renal insufficiency, and six control subjects. No parameter of the disposition of CPIB (active form of clofibrate) was significantly altered in acute hepatitis. In liver cirrhosis, the mean plasma half-life was unchanged compared to controls (20.9 vs. 17.5 h), but plasma clearance of the non-protein bound drug was reduced (115 vs. 243 ml×min−1), plasma protein binding was reduced (92.8 vs. 97.2 percent), and the apparent volume of distribution was increased (0.20 vs. 0.141×kg−1). In renal insufficiency plasma half-life was prolonged 2 to 6-fold, depending on the degree of renal impairment. Total plasma clearance (3.4 vs. 7.1 ml×min−1) and plasma clearance of the unbound drug (81 vs. 243 ml×min−1 were reduced in patients with renal failure, the clearance of the unbound drug being inversely correlated with the serum creatinine concentration. Renal failure was also associated with decreased protein binding and an increased volume of distribution of CPIB, and with reduced urinary excretion of CPIB and its glucuronide metabolite. The dose of clofibrate should be halved in patients with cirrhosis. In renal insufficiency, the dose should be adjusted according to the individual serum creatinine level: only 10 to 15% of the usual weekly dose should be given in complete renal failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 15 (1979), S. 363-366 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: methotrexate ; protein binding ; ultrafiltration ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The protein binding of methotrexate by serum from eight normal volunteers was assessed by continuous ultrafiltration at pH 7.4 and 37°C. Methotrexate concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay and the data analysed by the method of Scatchard. The major binding protein was albumin which bound 87.3% of the drug in serum. Analysis of the Scatchard plots indicated two distinct groups of binding sites. Class I was found to have 0.16±0.05 (S D) binding sites with an intrinsic association constant of 71.15±35.98 (S D)×104 M−1: Class II had 2.01±0.93 (S D) binding sites and an affinity of 0.18±0.15×104 M−1. No great change in the percentage of methotrexate bound occurred until the total concentration of the drug exceeded 50 µMol 1−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 243-249 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: timolol ; beta blockade ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmcodynamics ; acute administration ; chronic administration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics and effects of various oral doses of timolol administered either acutely or after chronic medication for 7 days were studied in healthy volunteers. After acute administration of timolol maximum plasma concentrations were attained within 1–2 h and thereafter declined exponentially with time. The mean apparent half-life of elimination from plasma was 2.5 h and was independent of dose. Area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) was proportional to the orally administered dose. Plasma concentrations, apparent elimination half-life and AUC were not altered after one week of chronic administration. The effect of timolol on heart rate and blood pressure response to three sequentially increasing ‘steady state’ work loads were studied. After acute administration of timolol maximum reduction of systolic blood pressure, resting heart rate, and the different parameters of the work-heart rate (or blood pressure) relationships were produced by 5 mg timolol. Increasing the dose prolonged the duration over which these variables were reduced. The relationship between timolol plasma concentration and inhibition of different parameters of the exercise response was hyperbolic with half maximum inhibition at concentrations of about 3–4 ng/ml of timolol and maximum inhibition above 30 ng/ml. Maximum drug effects and duration of action of timolol on the different variables were similar after acute and chronic administration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 263-270 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: diazepam ; alcoholic beverages ; plasma level ; pharmacokinetics ; co-ordination skills ; red wine ; white wine ; whisky
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty paid healthy students ingested diazepam 10 mg 30 min after the administration of ethanol 0.8 g/kg. The alcoholic beverage used was varied in randomized double-blind experiments, which were repeated at one-month intervals. Psychomotor performance, plasma diazepam, and alcohol concentration in breath were measured 30, 60, 90 min and 2, 3, 4, 6 and 24 h after the ingestion of diazepam. Beer and white wine elevated the plasma level of diazepam and the effect lasted for up to 2 h. Whisky elevated the diazepam level for 90 min. Red wine did not affect it significantly. The alcohol-diazepam combination impaired tracking skills and oculomotor co-ordination and enhanced nystagmus, more than diazepam alone. Red wine produced a breath alcohol concentration higher than after white wine. More nystagmus was recorded after red wine and diazepam, although white wine led to a higher plasma diazepam concentration. It appears that simultaneous ingestion of alcohol and diazepam accelerates the absorption of diazepam. This pharmacokinetic alteration may not contribute much to the combined psychomotor effects of diazepam and alcohol, which were mainly due to pharmacodynamic interaction at receptor level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 271-277 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: lithium ; litarex ; single dose ; multiple dose ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An analysis of the single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics of lithium in 7 healthy volunteers is presented. A solution of lithium chloride was administered in single dose experiments and the same solution and a sustained release preparation were employed in multiple dose experiments, which were carried out at steady state. A fixed dose of 24 mmol was used in the single dose experiments and in the subsequent multiple dose experiments in the same subjects the same dose was administered once daily for a week. Distinct two-compartment characteristics were found, with a mean disposition rate constant (β) of 0.035 h−1±0.010 SD, corresponding to a mean biological half-life of about 19.8 h. The mean half-time of the distributory α-phase was about 1.15 h. The absorption of lithium from an orally administered solution took place with a half-time of about 0.15 h in the single dose experiments. The apparent volume of distribution of the central compartment (Vc) was 0.307 1 kg−1±0.046 SD, less than half that of Vde at equilibrium. Vdβ (Vdarea) was 0.8291 kg−1±0.184 SD and mean total body clearance was 27.6 ml kg−1 h−1±4.7 SD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 255-262 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: spironolactone ; canrenone ; fluorimetry ; high performance liquid chromatography ; linear kinetics ; saturation kinetics ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In Study I 20 normal volunteers received a single oral dose of spironolactone 100 mg. In Study II a further 20 normal volunteers were given first spironolactone 100 mg b.i.d. and subsequently spironolactone 100 mg once a day for a further 4 days. In Study III 5 normal subjects were given a single dose of spironolactone 500 mg. The concentration of canrenone in serum was determined both by fluorimetry and HPLC for 0–48 h in Study I, 120–168 h in Study II and 0–36 h in Study III. The total AUCs after the single 100 mg dose did not differ from the AUCs within the dosing interval during steady state. The half-lives of the terminal log-linear phases were almost identical (14.99±0.80 h and 15.69±0,80 h) when determined by fluorimetry, and were sligthly, but significantly (p〈0.01), longer when determined by HPLC — 20.14±1.62 and 18.71±1.04. The mean ratio of the specific AUC determined by HPLC and the fluorimetrically determined AUC was 0.3 after the single 100 mg dose. It did not differ from the corresponding value during steady state (0.34). In contrast, the ratio after the single 500 mg dose was approximately 50% higher. Fluorimetrically determined AUCs after 100 and 500 mg doses did not show dose-proportionality in contrast to the HPLC-determined AUCs. It was concluded that Canrenone contributes much less to the conventional fluorimetric determination than was previously assumed. It may not provide more than 1/10 and 1/4 of the antimineralocorticoid activity of spironolactone after single dose and multiple doses, respectively. Whereas linear kinetics apply after single and multiple 100 mg doses of spironolactone, after 500 mg saturation kinetics must be assumed with respect to metabolism. Thus, in bioavailability studies high doses of spironolactone should be avoided. For such studies the fluorimetric assay seems to be the appropriate bioanalytical method in spite of its lower specificity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 15 (1979), S. 187-192 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: quinidine ; plasma protein binding ; pharmacokinetics ; man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The disposition and plasma protein binding of quinidine after intravenous administration were studied in 13 healthy subjects. Plasma protein binding, expressed as the fraction of quinidine unbound ranged from 0.134–0.303 (mean 0.221). Elimination rate constant (β) varied from 0.071 to 0.146 h−1 (mean 0.113), and apparent volume of distribution (Vβ) varied from 1.39–3.20 l · kg−1β (mean 2.27). Total body clearance was 2.32–6.49 ml min−1 · kg−1. There was a positive linear correlation between the plasma fraction of unbound quinidine and both Vβ (r=0.885, p〈0.01) and total body clearance (r=0.668, p〈0.05). No significant correlation existed between the fraction of unbound quinidine in plasma and the elimination rate constant. The results show that both the apparent volume of distribution and total body clearance of quinidine are proportional to the unbound fraction in plasma. This implies that the total plasma concentration of quinidine at steady state will change with alterations in plasma binding, whilst the concentration of unbound compund and its elimination rate will remain unaffected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 15 (1979), S. 153-157 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetidine ; renal failure ; elimination half life ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The plasma concentration curve after a single oral dose of cimetidine 200 mg was followed in 27 patients with varying degrees of chronic renal failure (creatinine clearance 1–52 ml/min) and in 46 patients with normal serum creatinine. Compared to the latter patients, the plasma concentration was higher and the elimination rate was slower in all uraemic subjects, including a group with moderate renal impairment. The preliminary recommendations of dosage for patients with a creatinine clearance below 5 ml/min, and for patients on regular haemodialysis, is cimetidine 200 mg every 12 h, 5–15 ml/min 200 mg every 12 to 8 h, 15–30 ml/min 200 mg every 8 h and 30–52 ml/min 200 mg every 6 h.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: nitrazepam ; epilepsy ; age ; disease ; plasma concentration ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma concentrations of nitrazepam were measured by gas-liquid chromatography in: young healthy volunteers, in geriatric and psychiatric patients and in epileptic children. The disposition of nitrazepam was described in terms of a two-compartment open model. After a single oral dose of nitrazepam 5 mg the most prominent differences between the experimental groups were in the β-phase half-life-mean 29 h in the young volunteers and 40 h in geriatric patients, and in the apparent volume of distribution during the β-phase of 2.4 vs 4.8 l/kg. Total plasma clearance and the average steady state concentration in both groups were equal. The plasma level rose at a rate proportional to the β-phase half-life, and so, they were achieved more rapidly in the young than in the old subjects (3.5 vs 7.5 d). No change in steady-state level or in the half-life of nitrazepam were found during long term treatment, which indicates lack of enzyme induction or inhibition. In 95% of the epileptic children with a good to fair clinical response, the plasma concentration of nitrazepam was 40–180 ng/ml (mean 114 ng/ml). As all of the patients were on combined antiepileptic therapy, no attempt was made to correlate plasma level with therapeutic response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 15 (1979), S. 175-180 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: clorazepate ; nordiazepam ; pregnancy ; pharmacokinetics ; intramuscular injection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A single dose of clorazepate 20 mg was injected i.m. in 7 pregnant and 7 non-pregnant women. Blood samples were collected for one week, and urine was collected for 24 h after the dose. The concentrations of clorazepate and its metabolite nordiazepam were determined by electron capture gas liquid chromatography. There was no difference between the two groups on physical examinations. Clorazepate was rapidly absorbed and the peak concentration was reached within 2h. Mean pharmacokinetic parameters for clorazepate were absorption half life 0.77h in pregnant women and 0.56h in non-pregnant women; elimination half life 1.3h in pregnant women and 2.0h in non-pregnant women; volume of distribution: 0.43 l · kg−1 in the pregnant women and 0.33 l · kg−1 in non-pregnant women. Nordiazepam reached its peak concentration within 12h after dosing; its mean half life of elimination was 180h in pregnant women and 60h in non-pregnant women. Within 24h, 1.3% of the clorazepate was recovered in urine from pregnant women and 7% in urine from the non-pregnant women.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 15 (1979), S. 257-261 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetidine ; H2-receptor antagonist ; aging ; single dose ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The blood level versus time curve for unchanged cimetidine after a 200 mg oral dose has been determined in 20 apparently healthy subjects, ranging from 22 to 84 years of age. A significant relationship between the area under the curve (AUC) and age was found (r=0.81; P〈0.001). The peak concentrations of cimetidine were significantly inversely related to body weight (r=−0.71; P〈0.001). The age-related increase in bioavailability of oral cimetidine, as measured by AUC, was probably due to decreased total clearance of the drug, which resulted from the opposed changes (by themselves not significant) of distribution volume towards a decrease and of half-life towards an increase with age. Reduction in the standard oral dose of cimetidine by one third to one half should be feasible in the elderly without loss of efficacy, and it may be advisable in order to obviate extreme individual responses that may occur in this population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: chlorthalidone ; pharmacokinetics ; oral and i.v. doses ; bioavailability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Seven normal human volunteers each received a constant-rate infusion of chlorthalidone for 2 h, and the same (commonly 50 mg) single oral dose on separate occasions. The concentration of unchanged chlorthalidone was analyzed over a 100 to 220 h period in plasma, red blood cells, urine and faeces after both dosage forms. A three compartment model was required to describe the intravenous plasma concentrations in five of the subjects. A two compartment model sufficed to account for the decay of the oral plasma concentrations in all seven subjects. The mean plasma t1/2 after i.v. dosing was 36.5 h (±10.5 SD), and the mean plasma t1/2 after oral doses was 44.1 h (±9.6 SD). The mean red blood cell concentration t1/2 after i.v. doses was 46.4 h (±9.9 SD), and the mean red blood cell t1/2 after the oral doses was 52.7 h (±9.0 SD). The shorter i.v. half-live was not equally manifest in all subjects, being mainly apparent in three of them. In all cases the urinary excretion rate plots were parallel to the plasma concentration curves. As the faster decay after i.v. administration was not accompanied by increased renal clearance, the difference must have been due to non-renal mechanism. The mean total of 65.4 (±8.6 SD) % of the intravenous dose was excreted in urine over infinite time, whereas the mean total excretion after the oral dose was 43.8 (±8.5 SD) %. Faecal excretion ranged from 1.3–8.5% of dose in the i.v. study to 17.5–31.2% of dose in the oral study. The sum of the amounts present in urine plus faeces pointed strongly to an important metabolic route of elimination of chlorthalidone. Bioavailability estimates (F) from three sets of data were — a mean F of 0.61 from plasma concentrations, 0.67 from urinary excretion measurements and 0.72 from the erythrocyte concentrations. Simulations with a non-linear model indicated lesser validity of the estimate from erythrocyte concentrations. It was concluded that the average of plasma and urine data, F=0.64, yielded the best estimate of the oral availability of chlorthalidone 50 mg in man.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 15 (1979), S. 121-125 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: guanethidine ; chronic therapy ; urinary excretion ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The plasma level and urinary excretion rate of guanethidine have been measured in 30 patients during oral maintenance therapy, and in 5 patients following discontinuation of therapy. A significant correlation was found between the daily average urinary excretion and the maintenance dose, although wide interindividual variation was noted among patients maintained on the same dose. A statistically significant correlation was also observed between the area under the plasma level curve during the dose interval and the oral maintenance dose. After discontinuation of chronic therapy, the half-life of 1.5 days of the initial phase of elimination was essentially in agreement with the half-life of almost 2 days determined in acute studies. In addition, a second phase of elimination with a half-life of 4 to 8 days was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: clorazepate ; nordiazepam ; pregnancy ; placental transfer ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Clorazepate 20mg was given i. m. to 49 mothers during the first stage of labour. The elimination of the drug was studied in 27 newborns produced by these mothers. The same dose was given to 13 women who underwent amniocentesis and to 7 women who were breast-feeding. “Total nordiazepam”, i.e. the sum of clorazepate and its metabolite nordiazepam, was determined by gas-liquid chromatography in maternal blood, umbilical cord blood (both arterial and venous), amniotic fluid and in milk. Clorazepate was found to cross the placental barrier slowly, but nordiazepam was transferred more rapidly. Nordiazepam was found in the milk and in the blood of neonates after breast-feeding had started.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 31-38 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: bezafibrate ; hyperlipoproteinemia ; bioavailability ; pharmacokinetics ; GC-MS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The disposition kinetics of bezafibrate, a newly developed drug of great lipid-lowering potency, were investigated in normal male subjects. Five male volunteers received14C-labelled bezafibrate orally in solution, and a further 10 were given the same dose (300 mg) of un-labelled drug as tablets. The concentration of bezafibrate in serum and urine from the latter was determined by GC, and in the former total radioactivity in serum, urine and feces was followed for 48 h, and urinary excretion products were analysed by TLC and GC-MS. Rapid absorption from the gastrointestinal tract led to peak serum levels 30 min and 2 h after administration of solution and tablets, respectively. Since approximately 95% of the administered14C-bezafibrate was excreted in urine within 48 h, and almost all the remainder was detected in feces, absorption can be regarded as complete after administration in solution. The relative optimal bioavailability from the tablets was also complete, since in both cases approximately 50% of the administered dose was detected as unchanged bezafibrate in urine within 24 h by GC in the tablet study, and by TLC in the solution study. Of the decomposition products, more than 20% of the dose was present as glucuronides and the remainder consisted of several more polar compounds, one of which was identified as a hydroxyderivative of bezafibrate. Since the apparent halflife of bezafibrate in serum was 2.1 h, this new drug possesses favourable pharmacokinetic features: rapid and complete absorption, even from tablets, combined with a conveniently short half-life, and clearance which is half renal (56 ml/min) and half metabolic (43 ml/min), giving a total clearance of 99 ml/min.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: indobufen ; platelet aggregation ; single dose ; bioavailability ; pharmacodynamics ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Six healthy volunteers received single iv and oral doses of 2-[p-(1-oxo-2-isoindolinyl)phenyl] butyric acid 100 mg (indobufen; K 3920), an inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Plasma levels and urinary excretion of the drug were determined by GLC. Collagen-induced platelet aggregation was assessed turbidimetrically at various intervals after administration. The plasma half-life of the drug was 7–8 h and more than 70% of the administered dose was recovered within 48 h in urine, as unchanged drug and as the glucuronide of indobufen. After oral administration of tablets of two different formulations, the drug was completely absorbed, but one formulation showed faster absorption. The maximal inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation was observed 1 to 4 h after iv administration, and it had decreased by 8 h. After tablets, peak effect and the time of the peak were similar, but activity was significantly prolonged, in accordance with the higher plasma levels found at 8 h. The data suggest that the effect of indobufen on platelets is reversible, and that for this drug platelets behave as a compartment that slowly equilibrates with plasma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 15 (1979), S. 433-441 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cyclobarbital ; barbiturates ; pharmacokinetics ; drug interaction ; volunteers ; patients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The disappearance of cyclobarbital from plasma has been followed in healthy volunteers and in neurological and psychiatric patients after oral administration of one tablet of Phanodorm®, containing cyclobarbital calcium 200 mg. Plasma levels were measured by a thin-layer chromatographic method with in situ densitometry. The average t1/2 in healthy female and male volunteers was 13.3 h, and with the assumption of complete availability a mean distribution coefficient of 0.69 l/kg−1 and a clearance of 40.4 ml/min−1 were calculated. Repeated experiments in seven volunteers revealed good reproducibility of all values. When the healthy volunteers were combined with a group of untreated epileptics, a dependence of t1/2 and of the apparent volume of distribution on age was found, while clearance did not change with increasing age (range 17–54 years). Long half-lives caused by low clearance values were observed in several individuals with moderate obesity. No consistent change in cyclobarbital kinetics followed acute exposure of volunteers to alcohol or on treatment of neurological patients with carbamazepine. Patients under treatment with perazine exhibited more or less normal kinetic values. In terms of drug interaction, cyclobarbital differs from phenazone in several respects, and so it may prove a useful additional substance for measurement of the rate of drug oxidation in humans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 1-6 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: lorcainide ; ventricular premature beats ; plasma levels ; pharmacokinetics ; side effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The plasma level and antiarrhythmic effect of lorcainide (R 15889) have been investigated in 15 patients with ventricular premature beats (VPB). Therapy was initiated with an intravenous dose of 1.9 mg/kg given over 10 min, followed by a constant infusion of 0.18 mg/kg/h for 24 h. In 8 patients the corresponding doses were increased to 2 mg/kg and 0.27 mg/kg/h. After the intravenous doses patients were treated orally with 100 mg tid for 6–7 days. The two dosage regimens were selected so as to achieve theoretical steady-state plasma levels (css) of 200 and 300 ng/ml, respectively. The combined intravenous treatment approached (181 ± 6.8 ng/ml and 273±28.5 ng/ml, respectively) the desired css within 2 to 4 h. During the oral administration, the minimal plasma concentrations following the lower intravenous dose (184±18 ng/ml) were significantly (p=0.0001) lower than after the higher intravenous dose (264±20.5 ng/ml). The dealkylated metabolite of lorcainide was not detectable after the intravenous doses, but it accumulated during oral treatment, when its concentration exceeded that of the parent compound. In 5 of the 7 patients receiving the lower dose VPB were effectively reduced. However, in only 4 of the 8 patients on the higher dosage schedule could a significant antiarrhythmic effect be demonstrated. In addition, side effects were observed in 6 of the subjects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 23-29 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: valproate ; epilepsy ; pharmacokinetics ; drug interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In four refractory epileptic patients, peak plasma levels of sodium valproate occurred within 1.5 to 3 h after a single oral dose of valproate and the decline in plasma levels followed a monoexponential course with a t1/2 of 11.4 ± 0.1 h. The mean value for apparent volume of distribution was 0.176 ± 0.013 l/kg and for total plasma clearance 0.0106 ± 0.0009 l/h/kg. Steady state plasma levels were predicted using the method of superposition utilizing pharmacokinetic parameters determined following a single dose of valproate and were 78–123% of the predicted values for two patients receiving valproate alone, and 37–64% of the predicted values for the two patients receiving carbamazepine in addition to valproate. In a further group of 20 patients the mean daily doses of valproate for 8 patients receiving valproate alone (25.4 ± 4.9 mg/kg) was significantly less than those for the 12 patients receiving concomitant anticonvulsant therapy (41.6 ± 12.3 mg/kg) (p〈0.005). In addition, the steady state predose plasma levels of valproate were significantly higher in the valproate alone patients (90.3 ± 8.7 µg/ml) compared to the patients receiving additional anticonvulsants (75.3 ± 13.8 µg/ml) (p〈0.01). The higher dose requirements of valproate and lower predose and steady state plasma levels for those patients on multiple anticonvulsants indicate an interaction between valproate and other anticonvulsants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 45-48 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: quinidine ; slow release formulation ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The bioavailability of quinidine in two sustained release preparations A and B has been compared in three females and three males with i.v. administration of quinidine. The initial rate of oral absorption did not differ between the two drug preparations; the peak concentration was observed after 4 h both for A and B, but was significantly higher after B. A slower decrease in plasma concentration was observed after preparation A than B. Absolute bioavailability did not differ significantly between A (median value 78.4%) and B (median 87.1%). Drug absorption in vivo was in good agreement with the results of in vitro dissolution tests on both preparations. The slower decrease in plasma concentration found for the new sustained release form of quinidine should be of clinical advantage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 49-52 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cephacetrile ; haemodialysis ; pharmacokinetics ; renal failure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of cephacetrile were studied after its administration as a single i.v. bolus injection of 15 mg/kg body weight to 11 patients with terminal renal inpairment undergoing haemodialysis for 6 h. A two-compartment kinetic model was used to describe the biphasic decrease in plasma concentration. The quantities of antibiotic in the central and peripheral compartments, and the amounts eliminated, were calculated for different times. During haemodialysis sessions, the average pharmacokinetic parameters of cephacetrile determined at the dialyser input were: α=5.03 h−1,β=0.458 h−1, K12=2.337 h−1, K21=1.996 h−1 K13=1.154 h−1, Vc=5.508 l, Vp=6.448 l, Vdss=11.956 l. As a function of the pharmacokinetic parameters of cephacetrile, a regimen of multiple doses was established for patients with terminal renal impairment, which will guarantee safe and effective concentrations of the antibiotic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: methadone ; mass fragmentography ; pulse labeling ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A technique is presented for study of steady state kinetics of methadone using pulse labeling with deuterated methadone (d3) and mass fragmentography to measure both unlabeled and labeled methadone in blood. Seven subjects maintained on methadone for at least 10 months were admitted to a closed metabolic ward. The daily dose of unlabeled methadone (d0) was substituted by one dose of methadone-d3 and plasma levels of methadone-d0 and methadone-d3 were followed for 48 h using a precise (SD±5%) and sensitive (30 pmol/ml) mass fragmentographic technique. Plasma half-lives (t1/2) for both methadone-d0 and metadone-d3 were calculated from samples obtained 8–24 h following the dose of methadone-d3. The t1/2 of oral methadone-d3 was shorter (22±2 h) than that of methadone-d0 (52±20 h). The same pattern was observed after intravenous administration. The results indicate multiple pools of methadone in the body.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 177-181 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: prazosin ; alpha receptor blockade ; blood pressure ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics and effects of prazosin have been studied after intravenous and oral dosing (1 mg) to 6 normal male volunteers. The mean terminal (β) half-life was 2.9 h after intravenous and oral routes. Oral bioavailability was 56.9%. The effects of prazosin on blood pressure were more pronounced after intravenous than oral administration, and the hypotensive effect greater on erect blood pressure. There was a significant correlation (P〈0.02) between the fall in blood pressure and the plasma drug concentration after intravenous prazosin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 189-194 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: sparteine ; pharmacogenetic defect ; defective metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; renal excretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sparteine is metabolized by N1-oxidation, which in some subjects is defective. The defect has a pronounced effect on the kinetics of the drug. In non-metabolisers elimination of sparteine proceeds entirely via renal excretion by a capacity-limited process, 99,9% of the dose being excreted as unchanged drug. In metabolisers the drug is mainly eliminated by metabolic degradation. Pronounced differences in β-phase half-life and total plasma clearance were observed between metabolisers (156 min; 535 ml · min−1) and nonmetabolisers (409 min; 180 ml · min−1).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 195-202 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: metformin ; biguanides ; pharmacokinetics ; absorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The kinetics of14C-metformin have been studied in five healthy subjects after oral and intravenous administration. The intravenous dose was distributed to a small central compartment of 9.9±1.61 ( $$\bar X$$ ±SE), from which its elimination could be described using three-compartment open model. The elimination half-life from plasma was 1.7±0.1 h. Urinary excretion data revealed a quantitatively minor terminal elimination phase with a half-life of 8.9±0.7 h. After the intravenous dose, metformin was completely excreted unchanged in urine with a renal clearance of 454±47 ml/min. Metformin was not bound to plasma proteins. The concentration of metformin in saliva was considerably lower than in plasma and declined more slowly. The bioavailability of metformin tablets averaged 50–60%. The rate of absorption was slower than that of elimination, which resulted in a plasma concentration profile of “flip-flop” type for oral metformin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 327-330 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: atenolol ; food intake ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of food intake on the bioavailability of the beta-adrenoceptor blocker atenolol was assessed by measurement of its single-dose kinetics in ten healthy volunteers, who took 100 mg both in the fasting state and together with a standardized breakfast. Food intake significantly shortened the time to reach peak concentration (2.7 h vs 1.5 h), but caused a significant reduction in AUC values, the mean decrease being 20%. The elimination half-life was unaffected. Atenolol, which is relatively hydrophilic, is incompletely absorbed in the fasting state, and escapes first-pass metabolism. The present findings indicate that food intake causes further impairment of its absorption, even though the absorption rate may initially be enhanced. This contrasts with previous observations on the more lipophilic beta-adrenoceptor blockers propranolol and metoprolol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 331-334 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: netilmicin ; radioenzymatic assay ; drug accumulation ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of a single dose of netilmicin (NM) was studied in 6 healthy volunteers. Elimination of the drug was followed in serum and urine for 24 h and 72 h, respectively. NM concentrations were measured with a modified radioenzymatic assay. A three compartment open model was employed to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters. Following the rapid initial distribution, biphasic elimination with half lives of 1.99 h (t1/2β) and 36.89 h (t1/2γ) was demonstrated. Measurable amounts of NM were excreted in the urine for up to 72 h. The volume of distribution at steady-state (Vdss) of 0.68 l/kg was 3 to 4 times larger than previously reported for this antibiotic. NM plasma clearance was 91 ml/min and the renal clearance was 67 ml/min. The data indicate that on repetitive dosing the amount of drug in the body would be considerably underestimated if the prolonged terminal elimination phase were not taken into account. During prolonged treatment, accumulation of NM in renal and other tissues is likely to occur, as has been described for other aminoglycosides. The possible consequences of this pharmacokinetic behaviour are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 335-340 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetidine ; enterohepatic circulation ; irregular absorption ; bioavailability ; pharmacokinetics ; volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of cimetidine have been studied in healthy volunteers after administration of single intravenous (100 mg) and oral doses (100, 400 and 800 mg). After i.v. administration, the kinetics of cimetidine could be described by a linear, two compartment open model. Substantial variation in half-life was observed between subjects, with a mean value of 2.1 h (range 0.9–4.7). Cimetidine had a low hepatic extraction ratio and a high total plasma clearance, due to extensive urinary excretion of unchanged drug. After oral administration, the plasma concentration vs time curves in most subjects exhibited two marked peaks, an observation that seemed to be constant within individuals and was independent of dose. Bioavailability, estimated as the area under the plasma concentration vs time curves (AUC), after oral doses as compared to the intravenous dose, in most cases exceeded 100%. There was no correlation between bioavailability estimated as AUC and as urinary excretion of unchanged drug. These observations may indicate an enterohepatic circulatory mechanism, predominantly after oral administration. Both unchanged drug and its sulphoxide metabolite appear to be excreted in bile. The latter was shown in vitro to be reduced to cimetidine by fecal bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: prenalterol ; metoprolol ; haemodynamics ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The haemodynamic effects of the selectiveβ 1-adrenoceptor agonist prenalterol were studied in healthy subjects before and after therapeutic doses of the selectiveβ 1-adrenoceptor blocker metoprolol. Plasma levels of the drugs were also determined in order to calculate certain pharmacokinetic variables. Intravenous infusion of prenalterol 0.13, 0.25 and 0.50 mg induced a dose-dependent decrease in total electromechanical systole (QA2) and pre-ejection period (PEP). The effect on left ventricular ejection time (LVET) was not significant. Increases in systolic blood pressure and heart rate were dose-dependent. Diastolic blood pressure did not change significantly. When metoprolol had been administered in a cumulative dose of 150 mg (mean maximal plasma level, 284 nmol/1) prenalterol had to be administered in doses that were twelve times higher than before theβ-blocker in order to induce the same haemodynamic effects. Prenalterol was rapidly distributed with an average half life of 8 min. This indicates that distribution equilibrium will be achieved within 30 min after intravenous administration. The overall elimination rate in the post-distributive phase corresponded to an average half life of 2.0 h.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 15 (1979), S. 269-274 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: phenytoin ; food-intake ; bioavailability ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of food intake on the absorption of phenytoin was examined in eight healthy volunteers, by study of single-dose kinetics following ingestion of phenytoin 300 mg either with a standardized breakfast or on an empty stomach. Blood samples were collected at regular intervals from 0 to 48 h, and serum concentrations of unmetabolized phenytoin were determined by gas chromatography. Serum concentrations of the major metabolite of phenytoin, 4-hydroxyphenytoin, were measured by mass fragmentography. Concurrent intake of food and phenytoin appeared to accelerate absorption of the drug from the formulation used, and the peak concentrations were significantly higher (mean increase 40%) in the postprandial than in the preprandial state. As reflected by the AUC (area under the curve), the amount of drug absorbed was increased during postprandial conditions, although the difference only reached borderline significance. It is suggested that phenytoin should always be taken in a defined relation to meals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: myasthenia gravis ; neostigmine ; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary To permit rational evaluation of the empirical pharmacotherapy of myasthenia with cholinesterase inhibitors, a sensitive and selective method for the determination of neostigmine has been developed. Analysis is based on ion-pair extraction of neostigmine into methylene chloride and determination by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (chemical ionization). As neostigmine was found to be metabolized in plasma in vitro, deuterated (d6) neostigmine was immediately added to the plasma sample as the internal standard. The limit of quantitation of the method was about 1 ng/ml (∼ 3nmol/l). The kinetics following i. v. administration were studied in four patients, who received neostigmine 2.5–3.0 mg iv to antagonize pancurone administered during anaesthesia. Elimination was rapid with a half-life t1/2 (β-slope) of 0.89±0.05 h (mean ± SE). The volume of distribution was 1.08±0.11 l/kg and plasma clearance was 0.84±0.04 l/kg/h. In three fasting myasthenic patients plasma concentrations of neostigmine were followed for 5 h after a single oral dose of 30 mg. Considerable interindividual differences in absorption were expressed in the peak concentrations, which occurred 1–2 h following drug ingestion. The bioavailability of neostigmine was estimated to be 1–2% of the ingested dose. Neostigmine concentration in plasma was found to differ considerably (up to forty-fold) between myasthenic patients on their ordinary dose-schedules of cholinesterase inhibitors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 101-105 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: dihydroquinidine ; congestive heart failure ; intravenous administration ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of dihydroquinidine were studied in 8 patients with congestive heart failure following a 22 min intravenous infusion of a quinidine preparation that contained 5.9% dihydroquinidine as an impurity. Using a thin layer chromatography-fluorometric assay procedure for dihydroquinidine, the post-infusion plasma dihydroquinidine concentrations declined biexponentially. The half-life of the fast and slow dispositional processes was 4.42±1.81 min and 6.52±2.40 h, respectively. The central compartment volume for dihydroquinidine in these patients was 0.44±0.11 l/kg with an overall apparent volume of distribution of 1.14±0.38 l/kg. The computed values of total body plasma clearance of dihydroquinidine ranged from 1.29 to 2.69 ml/min/kg with a mean value of 1.94±0.60 ml/min/kg. In these patients, approximately 16% of the administered dihydroquinidine dose was excreted intact into the urine in 48 h. The estimated value of renal clearance was 0.314±0.129 ml/min/kg. When compared to control cardiac patients, the data showed that the apparent volume of distribution for dihydroquinidine is smaller in patients with congestive heart failure and as a result of this diminished volume, the clearance rate of dihydroquinidine was slower. The net effect of these differences was the production of higher plasma concentrations of dihydroquinidine in the heart failure group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 119-124 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cefoxitin ; renal impairment ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of cefoxitin have been determined after a single i.v. injection of 15 mg/kg body weight in 10 patients with normal renal function and 20 patients with varying degrees of renal impairment. The kinetics of the antibiotic followed an open two-compartment model. In patients with normal renal function the following pharmacokinetic parameters were found: $$\begin{gathered} \begin{array}{*{20}c} {\alpha = 8.66 h^{ - 1} } & {\beta = 1.21 h^{ - 1} } & {K_{12} = 3.47 h^{ - 1} } \\ \end{array} \hfill \\ \begin{array}{*{20}c} {K_{21} = 3.17 h^{ - 1} } & {K_{13} = 3.15 h^{ - 1} } & {V_c = 4.24 l.} \\ \end{array} \hfill \\ \begin{array}{*{20}c} {V_p = 4.87 l.} & { Vd_{ss} = 9.11 l.} \\ \end{array} \hfill \\ \end{gathered}$$ In the patients with renal impairment there was a significant decrease in $$\mathop \alpha \limits_, \mathop \beta \limits_, $$ K12, K21 and K13, and an increase in the apparent volume of distribution. The degree of plasma protein binding in patients with normal renal function was 73.6% and this was diminished in patients with renal impairment. A linear relationship between K13 of cefoxitin and creatinine clearance was demonstrated. The dosage regimen for patients with renal impairment should be adjusted by modifying the dosage interval whilst maintaining the amount administered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 133-139 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: theophylline ; asthma ; pharmacokinetics ; children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Six children, aged 2 months – 4 years, received theophylline 5–6 mg/kg intravenously. Its disposition could be described by a two-compartment open model, the mean serum half life (t1/2 β) was 3.75 h, i. e., shorter than in adults, but there was a considerable interindividual variation (1.8–7.0 h, in one patient 13.3 h). Thirteen children (2 months – 4 years) received theophylline suppositories in a dose of 3.8–5.0 mg/kg, and ten (6 months – 4 years) in a dose of 8.4–14.5 mg/kg. Absorption was slow (mean half-time 43 min), incomplete and variable (biological availability 8–100%, mean 80%). Only four of the patients given the higher dose and none given the lower dose reached a therapeutic serum concentration (10–20 µg/ml). Nine children (6 months – 4 years) received rectal enemas of theophylline 4.1–9.2 mg/kg. Absorbtion was rapid (mean half-time 5.5 min) and biological availability averaged 100%. Six patients reached a serum concentration within the therapeutic range. Using the mean values of the calculated pharmacokinetic parameters, rectal enemas providing a dose of theophylline of 6–8 mg/kg t. i. d. were computed to give serum concentrations between 8–20 µg/ml, without producing too high a level during the absorption phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 279-285 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: salicylate ; synovitis ; osteoarthritis ; arthritis ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Samples of blood and joint fluid from 30 patients who had taken buffered acetylsalicylic acid were examined for concentrations of total salicylates (TSA), acetylsalicylate (ASA) and salicylate (SA). The data were arranged in groups according to diagnosis of the joint disease. Analysis of the data did not show significant difference in the kinetics of TSA into blood. In groups the time to first appearance of 0.3 mg/l averaged 6.3 min for TSA; these values averaged 7.7 min for ASA and 10.9 min for SA. Close to maximum concentrations in blood averaged 18.9 mg/l for TSA, 3.3 mg/l for ASA, and 23.3 mg/l for SA. The time for first appearance of 0.3 mg/l of total salicylates in joint fluid ranged from 10 to 34 min with an average of 18.1 min; the values of ASA averaged 19.4 min and those of SA 21.9 min. The maximum concentration in joint fluid averaged 15.7 mg/l for TSA, 2.5 mg/l for ASA, and 14.5 mg/l for SA. Transport of salicylates from blood to joint fluid showed a pattern consistent with the type of joint disease. Support was found for the hypothesis that diffusion was the major factor in the movement of salicylates from blood to joint fluid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 411-416 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: doxapram ; intravenous infusion regimen ; pharmacokinetics ; data-point weighting ; healthy subjects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of intravenous doxapram in healthy individuals is consistent with a three-compartment open model. Doxapram was administered by bolus injection (1.5 mg · kg−1) and by intravenous infusion (6.5 mg · kg−1 for 2 h) to 5 subjects on separate occasions. There was no significant difference in mean terminal plasma half-lives (355 and 448 min) or in mean total body clearances (5.9 and 5.6 ml · min−1 · kg−1) following i. v. bolus injection or infusion respectively. In 3 subjects plasma doxapram concentrations during and after i. v. infusion agreed with those predicted from pharmacokinetic values obtained from the bolus injection study. Since mean steady-state concentrations (9.9 µg · ml−1) would be reached only after an extended interval (mean 15.2 h), a variable-rate infusion regimen was calculated to produce and maintain a concentration of 2 µg · ml−1 from 15–25 min onwards. A regimen in which the infusion rate is reduced step-wise is recommended to achieve early near-constant plasma doxapram concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 15 (1979), S. 105-108 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: muzolimine ; cardiac failure ; pharmacokinetics ; high ceiling diuretics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of a new “high ceiling” diuretic, muzolimine (Bay g 2821), were investigated after a single oral dose of 40 mg in 7 patients with cardiac failure (Stages I–IV, New York Heart Association classification), and in 2 healthy subjects. Plasma concentrations peaked 1–3 h after administration and declined according to a two-compartment model. The α-phase (distribution phase) lasted until 12–16 h after administration and the mean t1/2α was 3.6 h (range 2.3–4.7) in patients, and 2.6 h (range 2.3–2.9) in healthy subjects. The mean t1/2β was 13.5 h (range 7.4–22.4) in the patients and 14.0 h (range 12.4–14.6) in healthy subjects. T1/2β was not correlated with the degree of heart failure or with the area beneath the plasma concentration curve, which varied three-fold. The renal clearance of muzolimine was in the range 2.7–15.3 ml · min−1 in 5 subjects in whom it was investigated. The pharmacokinetics of muzolimine appear not to be significantly altered by cardiac failure. The prolonged half-lives of the drug are probably responsible for the longer duration of diuretic action reported for muzolimine than for furosemide and bumetamide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 15 (1979), S. 115-120 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: digoxin ; right heart failure ; absorption ; absolute bioavailability ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The absorption of digoxin has been investigated in 8 patients before and after successful treatment of severe right heart failure.3H-digoxin 0.1 mg as a solution, and un-labelled digoxin 0.25 mg as a tablet, were given to fasted patients. Blood samples were taken at various time intervals up to 120 hours and urine was collected over the same period. The concentrations of labelled digoxin in plasma and urine were measured in a liquid scintillation counter, unlabelled digoxin was estimated by radioimmunoassay, and various pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. There was no significant difference in the plasma concentration curves in severe right heart failure and after its successful treatment, nor did any of the calculated pharmacokinetic parameters change significantly. Therefore, inhibition of the absorption of digoxin appears unlikely. In an additional study to estimate absolute bioavailability two different groups of patients in severe right heart failure were given3H-digoxin 0.1 mg or unlabelled digoxin 0.25 mg i. v. and the pharmacokinetic parameters were compared with those from the previous study. The bioavailability of the3H-digoxin solution and of the digoxin tablet were in the same range as values previously published for healthy volunteers, and patients both with and without cardiac failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: metoprolol ; tachycardia ; healthy subjects ; conventional tablets ; slow release tablets ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma levels and associated reduction in exercise-induced tachycardia have been examined following the administration of single doses of metoprolol in conventional and slow-release tablets at different times to six healthy male subjects. The study was carried out in two parts. Initially, the tablets were given at 9 a. m. and the subjects were studied up to 14 h and then at 24 h. Subsequently, the same doses were given at 9 p. m. and the subjects were studied 12–24 h after drug administration (i. e. 9 a. m.–9 p. m. the next day). After giving the slow-release tablets the peak plasma levels were significantly lower but the drug persisted in the plasma at higher levels than after the conventional tablet. However, the beta-blocking effect was comparable from the two dosages. The results obtained for the period 12–24 h after the evening dose differed from the corresponding values after morning administration in that the plasma levels were higher and the betablocking effects more marked. Furthermore, the half-life values calculated from these data were significantly longer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: triamterene ; pharmacokinetics ; diuretic effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The plasma and urinary levels of triamterene and two metabolites were measured using a specific method of analysis. Urinary excretion was completed after 48 h, which permitted a rough estimate of its half-life as longer than two hours. The areas under the curve were 672.5±160.3 and 1.311.3±399.1 µg/ml × h after the triameterene 150 mg and 300 mg p.o., respectively and correspondingly 4.2±1.4% and 3.7±0.6% of the dose were excreted as unchanged drug. The principal metabolite of triamterene found was the sulfate conjugate. The area under the curve of this metabolite amounted to 6.672±2.120 and 11.941±5.005 µg/ml × h after the of 150 mg and 300 mg triamterene doses, respectively. The urinary excretion of the metabolite varied between 25.0±4.0% and 17.5±3.5% of the dose after either dose. In healthy subjects an effect on sodium excretion was observed after a dose of 150 mg, whereas the potassium-retaining effect was observed only after the dose of 300 mg.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Methanogenium cariaci ; Methanogenium marisnigri ; Marine methanogenic bacteria ; Ultrastructure ; TaxonomyMethanogenium gen. nov.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new genus of marine methanogenic bacteria and two species within this genus are described.Methanogenium is the proposed genus andMethanogenium cariaci the type species. Cells of the type species are Gram-negative, peritrichously flagellated, irregular cocci with a periodic wall surface pattern. Colonies formed by these bacteria are yellow, circular and umbonate with entire edges. The DNA base composition is 52 mol% guanine plus cytosine. Formate or hydrogen and carbon dioxide serve as substrates for growth. Cells ofMethanogenium marisnigri are of similar shape but smaller diameter thanM. cariaci. The colonies ofM. marisnigri are convex, and the DNA base composition is 61 mol % G+C. Formate or hydrogen and carbon dioxide are growth substrates. Sodium chloride is required for growth of both methanogens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 121 (1979), S. 53-59 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Saccharomyces ; Kluyveromyces ; Ultrastructure ; Ascospore wall ; Taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Three types of structure of the ascospore wall were found among the haploid Saccharomyces species examined: a warty wall (S. rouxii), a smooth wall with a single electron-light inner layer (S. bailii) and a smooth wall with a double light inner layer (S. montanus, S. florentinus). The latter type also occurred in Kluyveromyces thermotolerans and K. waltii. In K. fragilis spores the wall had a single light inner layer. The taxonomic implications of these findings were discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 122 (1979), S. 17-27 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Gliding bacteria ; CO2-requiring ; Periodontal disease ; Gram-negative ; Ultrastructure ; Capnocytophaga
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Gram-negative, anaerobic gliding bacteria were isolated from normal supragingival plaque and from periodontal lesions. Isolates could be divided into two size classes: small 2.4–4.2 μm×0.38–0.5 μm and large 4.8–5.8 μm×0.42–0.6 μm cells. The outer membrane was either loose-fitting and wavy, or taut, and of variable thickness. An electron-dense fuzz was discernible on several of the isolates. The periplasmic region was of variable electron-density. The genus Capnocytophaga has been proposed for these organisms based on morphological and cultural characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 95 (1979), S. 225-232 
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Cultured tumour cells ; Ultrastructure ; 3-D Colonies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cultured hepatocellular carcinoma cells were studied during anchorage-independent growth in semi solid medium (Methocel). The regular occurrence of mitotic figures both at the surface and within the colonies precludes the possibility of such colonies being formed by re-aggregation. The estimated population doubling time in the three-dimensional (3-D) colonies is consistent with those two-dimensional of (2-D) colonies. Structures resembling bile canaliculi were observed between the closely opposed membranes from the well packed adjacent cells. Cell surface and ultrastructural features of the colonies and individual cells are presented and comparisons made with 2-D growth of normal and malignant liver cells in vitro. The formation of 3-D colonies may not only be an assay for transformed cells but also for predicting the type of tumors produced by re-innoculation of the in vitro transformed cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 381 (1979), S. 313-329 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Bronchial carcinoids ; Different types ; Cells of origin ; Ultrastructure ; Histology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Seven of eleven bronchial carcinoids investigated showed cells with small granules resembling P cells which have already been described in human fetal and adult lung; two of these P cell tumours showed distinctive paraganglioid features. One tumour showed peculiar ultrastructural findings resembling closely those previously reported by Black (1969) in a so called “pulmonary oncocytoma”. Three remaining cases showed large secretory granules resembling those of type 3 cells already described by Hage (1973 b) in bronchial carcinoids; one of these tumours produced large amounts of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT). It is concluded that, on cytological grounds, at least two types of tumours can be distinguished among bronchial carcinoids, i.e. P cell and type 3 cell tumours. Moreover, two varieties of P cell carcinoids have been recognized, showing either the less frequent and more distinctive paraganglioid structure or the more common trabecular structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 381 (1979), S. 159-178 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Giant cell tumor ; Ultrastructure ; Acid phosphatase ; Lysosomes ; Bone tumors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Eleven benign giant cell tumors of bone were studied in the electron microscope, and the fine structural localization of acid phosphatase was elucidated. Three distinct cell types are always present in these tumors: stromal cells type 1; stromal cells type 2; and multinucleated giant cells. Small mononuclear cells may also occur, but are not likely to be actively participating in the neoplastic process. The range of variability in the fine structure of the different cell types constituting this tumor has been established. Variations in appearances include: a) presence of nuclear pseudoinclusions in stromal cells type 1 and multinucleated giant cells; b) aberrations in the structure of the rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum in the same cell types; c) occurrence of ruffled borders, ectoplasmic layers and cytoplasmic labyrinths containing acid phosphatase in the giant cells. Some giant cells show evidence of marked phagocytic activity and contain large and numerous residual bodies carrying acid phosphatase. The significance of the interrelations between the different cell types are discussed and the possible role of stromal cells type 2 in immunological mechanisms directed against the tumor cells are mentioned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 385 (1979), S. 77-91 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Ovary ; Clear cell carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of an ovarian clear cell carcinoma in a 65 year old woman was analysed. The tumor cells were of both clear and “hobnail” types. Both were characterized by the presence of short microvilli, abundant glycogen granules, a well-developed granular endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, scanty lysosomes and very few lipid bodies. The tubules and gland-like spaces were always separated from the stroma by a basement membrane. At ultrastructural level the tumor cells do not resemble at all those of clear cell renal carcinomas. On the other hand, their submicroscopic features are strongly similar to those of the clear cell tumors found elsewhere in the female genital tract, emphasizing therewith their very probable müllerian origin. It is recommended to eliminate the term “mesonephroma ovarii” to designate the clear cell carcinomas of the ovary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Thyroid follicular cells ; Basal lamina, biosynthesis ; Cellular interaction ; Cell culture ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Porcine thyroid cells were cultured alone or in mixed cultures with mesenchymal cells. The formation of a basal lamina in vitro was investigated ultrastructurally. Follicular reassociation of thyroid cells occurred in both types of culture; however, it was followed by formation of the basal lamina only when mesenchymal cells were present. The present findings suggest an epithelial origin of the basal lamina resulting from an interaction with mesenchymal cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 200 (1979), S. 257-271 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Anococcygeus muscle ; Innervation ; P-type nerves ; Purinergic nerves ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The innervation of the rat anococcygeus muscle has been investigated ultrastructurally following fixation with a modified chromaffin reaction for the demonstration of biogenic amines (Tranzer and Richards, 1976). Three types of nerve profiles were revealed: (1) 60–70 % of the profiles are adrenergic; (2) less than 5% of the profiles appear to be cholinergic; (3) up to 40% of the profiles are distinguished by the presence of a characteristically high proportion of electron-opaque, chromaffin-negative vesicles, 85–110nm in diameter. This third type of profile was not affected by 6-OHDA, and is considered to represent the non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic inhibitory innervation of this tissue. Because of the morphological similarity of this nerve type, apart from the smaller vesicle size, to classical peptidergic nerve endings, they have been termed “small p-type” (sp-type). These results are discussed in relation to a previous report describing only two types of nerve profiles in this tissue (Gillespie and Lüllmann-Rauch, 1974).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 200 (1979), S. 299-309 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Germ-free mice ; Inflammation ; Macrophages ; Peritoneum ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Peritoneal macrophage ultrastructure was analysed stereologically in germ-free mice given a single intraperitoneal injection of sterile, pyrogen-free saline. Thus the stimulant was non-particulate, non-antigenic and inorganic, and effects of immune reactions were minimal. Macrophages were recovered 1, 6, 24 and 72 h after stimulation. A sequence of structural alterations is reported which may be fundamental to macrophage activation. The plasma membrane and nuclear envelope increased in area within only 1 h of saline injection. During the next 5 h loss of plasma membrane, probably by pinocytosis, caused cellular “rounding” and clear-cut alteration in surface configuration. At the same time lysosome-like granules enlarged but decreased in number. By 24 h most cellular structures and compartments (including the plasma membrane) were enlarged. Morphological evidence of nuclear activation accompanied a rather modest enlargement of the nucleus at this stage. The RER hypertrophied last and must, therefore, be judged sufficient in resident macrophages to support the initial growth response which results after stimulation. Thus hypertrophy was observed eventually in every structure examined. Even the minimally activated macrophages resident in the peritoneum of germ-free mice respond readily to stimulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 200 (1979), S. 291-298 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Excitatory synapse ; Lateral line-canal organ ; Synaptic body ; Ultrastructure ; Lota lota (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of the afferent synapse in hair cells of the lateral line-canal organ was studied using different fixation and staining techniques. Glutaraldehyde-fixed tissue without post-osmication, contrasted by section staining with uranyl acetate and lead citrate, was compared with (a) osmium tetroxide-fixed tissue followed by the same staining procedure, and with (b) glutaraldehyde-fixed tissue, block-impregnated with phosphotungstic acid (PTA). The results reveal a pronounced heterogeneity in the composition of the synaptic body, reflecting regional differences in chemical affinity to the fixatives and staining agents. It is proposed that the “intracleft substance”, the synaptic structure defined by the PTA staining technique, is actually due to the glutaraldehyde fixation procedure and is apparently the outer leaflet of the postsynaptic membrane. A special technique that allows alternate sections of a series to be differentially stained for electron microscopy is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 200 (1979), S. 193-203 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Mosquitoes ; Midgut ; Ultrastructure ; Stereology ; Function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Morphometrische Untersuchungen des Magenepithels von A. aegypti weisen darauf hin, daß die Verdauung des ersten Blutmahls in eine Reihe von Phasen gegliedert werden kann, die sich mit physiologischen Daten aus der Literatur korrelieren lassen. In einer Phase Ia (0–10 h nach Blutmahl [BM]) entfalten sich die “whorls” des rauhen endoplasmatischen Retikulums, die Golgi-Zonen werden größer, und das basale Labyrinth wird erweitert. Dies stimmt mit Synthese- und Sekretionsprozessen (z.B. peritrophische Membran, Esterasen, Lipasen) und mit Transportvorgängen durch das Magenepithel überein. In Phase Ib (10–20 h nach BM) nehmen die gemessenen zellulären Parameter weiter zu und weisen damit auf hohe Synthese- und Sekretionsaktivitäten (z.B. Verdauungsenzyme) hin. In Phase Ic (20–30 h nach BM) zeigen die an Synthese und Sekretion beteiligten Zellstrukturen, in Übereinstimmung mit der maximalen Proteasenaktivität im Darm, immer noch hohe Werte. Vergrößerte Mikrovillioberfläche, auffallende Lipideinschlüsse und Auftreten von Glykogendepots im Magenepithel deuten auf erhöhte Resorptions-, Speicher- und Transportfunktionen der Zellen hin. In Phase II (30–36 h nach BM) läßt sich anhand der strukturellen Veränderungen der Wechsel von Synthese- und Sekretionvorgängen zu Resorption, teilweiser Speicherung und Transport von Verdauungsprodukten erkennen. In Phase III (36–72 h nach BM) wird der Zellapparat in Übereinstimmung mit dem Ende der Verdauung reduziert. Lipid- und Glykogendepots werden mobilisiert und verschwinden fast vollständig aus den Magenepithelzellen.
    Notes: Summary Morphometric analysis of the epithelial lining of the stomach of A. aegypti suggests that digestion of the first blood meal in the stomach of this species can be viewed as a series of phases that can be correlated with physiological data from the literature. In phase Ia (0–10 h after blood meal [abm]) the whorls of the rough endoplasmic reticulum unfold, the Golgi zones increase, and the basal labyrinth is enlarged. This coincides with processes of synthesis and secretion (e.g., peritrophic membrane, esterases and lipases) and transport by the stomach epithelium. In phase Ib (10–20 habm) the cellular parameters measured further increase, indicating high synthetic and secretory activities (e.g., digestive enzymes). In phase Ic (20–30 habm) cell structures involved in synthesis and secretion still exhibit high values coinciding with maximal activity of proteases in the gut. Enhanced surface area of microvilli, prominent lipid inclusions, and appearance of glycogen deposits in the gut epithelium suggest increased absorption, storage, and transport functions of the stomach cells. In phase II (30–36 habm) structural alteration points to a gradual shift from synthesis and secretion to absorption, partial storage, and transport of nutrients. In phase III (36–72 habm) the cellular apparatus is reduced concomitant with the ending of the digestive cycle. Lipid inclusions and glycogen deposits disappear from the stomach epithelum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 198 (1979), S. 373-380 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Ventral cochlear nucleus ; Calyceal processes ; Flattened synaptic vesicles ; Ultrastructure ; Morphometric study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In this paper we report the appearance of flat vesicle-containing endings in aldehyde-fixed ventral cochlear nucleus of rats with qualitative and quantitative properties suggesting they should be identified as calyceal processes. Their synaptic vesicles are elongate and significantly smaller than the vesicles in the calyces of Lenn and Reese (1966). Therefore these endings are flat vesicular calyceal processes, possibly of inhibitory function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...